U1

Module One Unit 1教材精讲：目标扫描1．掌握一ing分词作状语的用法。

2．掌握本课的重要词汇。

solid，chiefly，alternative，various，ethnic，immigrant，variety，vast，choice，region，California，Mexican，unprocessed，preservative，protein，vegetarian3．熟记本课出现的常见词组。

in addition to，be filled with，be well known for，a variety of，be keen on，lunch break，take time to do sth．．even if4．掌握一些常用的重要句型。

语言点详解1．-ing分词作状语的用法·一ing分词的结构·一ing分词作状语可表示时间、原因、条件、结果、让步、方式、伴随等意义，这时它相当于一个状语从句。

作原因状语例：Being ill today，Mary is absent from the English test．作时间状语例：When looking out of the window，you can see the famous Opera House．作伴随状语例：They went back home，chatting and laughing·作结果状语例：He died from a sudden traffic accident，leaving the experiment half—done．作条件状语例：Listening to English every day，you’ll learn it well step by step．注意点(1)一ing分词作状语与．ed分词作状语的区别一般来说，一ing分词表示主动、进行；一ed分词表示被动、完成。

(2)．ing分词作状语时，一般情况下其逻辑主语与主句的主语保持一致。

2．It’s (was)advisable +that从句It’s(was)advisable +that从句中，从句的谓语动词的结构是(should)+do(动词原形)。

用于此句型结构的还有其他形容词，比如important，natural，strange，necessary，essential，urgent，etc·。

例：It is essential that ways and means to protect the environment(should)be adopted as soon as possible．3．solid的用法·adj. firm, hard固体的，结实的n．a firm object or substance that has a fixed shape，not a gas or liquid固体【拓展】相关词组solid diet固体的食物lay a solid foundation on给……打下坚实的基础4．chiefly的用法·adv．mainly主要的【拓展】词性转换ad]．chief主要的例：a chief editor／engineer／judge／cook 总编辑／总工程师／最高法官／主厨(职位用chief表“总”，但总经理用的是a general manager)n．a person with a high rank in an organization首领，最高领导人相关词组a department chief部门主任in chief主要地，尤其5．alternative的用法·n．a thing that you can choose to do or has two or more possibilities可供选择的事物·adj．that can be used instead of something else可供替代的例：Do you have an alternative solution to the problems ?【拓展】相关词组have no alternative but to do sth．=have no choice but to do sth. can do nothing but do sth．别无选择，只能做某事6．various的用法·adj．several，different各种各样的例：She took the job for various reasons．【拓展】词性转换n．variety多种式样，不同种类V．vary变化，不同例：The weather varies from hour to hour in some mountainous districts．相关词组a wide variety of／an immense variety of 有很多种类的7．ethnic的用法·adj．related to a racial or national group种族的，民族的例：ethnic groups／food少数民族／民族食品、8．immigrant的用法·n．a person who has come to live forever in a country that is not his own移民例：illegal immigrants非法移民【拓展】词性转换词性转换：V．immigrate移民相关词组immigrate to／into．．，移民到……例：Millions of people immigrated to the United States in the 1970s．9．vast的用法·adj．huge，immense，extremely large广大的，巨大的例：a vast sea大海a vast sum of money一大笔钱10．choice的用法·n. the range of different things from which you are able to choose one particular thing 选择【拓展】词性转换v．choose选择(P．)chose (PP．)chosen例：The restaurant has a wide choice of food to choose from．相关词组have no choice but to do sth．别无选择只能做……11．region的用法·n．a fairly large area without set boundaries地方，地区例：Hong Kong Special Administrative Region香港特别行政区【拓展】词性转换adj．regional地方的例：the conflict between regional and national interests地方利益和国家利益的冲突Area，district，zone和region的用法比较area面积，区域(指自然分界的地区)例：What’S the area of Shanghai~residential area住宅区district区(指行政区域)Our school is located in Fengxian District．我校位于奉贤区。

zone地带，地区(指具有某一特征、目的或用途的地区)the war zone战区parking zone停车点region地区(即可指有独特性质的区域，也可指无独特性质的区域，还可指艺术、科学领域与范围。

)We can find this kind of birds in the Arctic regions12．settle的用法·V．to put an end to．．．解决，结束例：He had to settle tough affairs before he could return home．v．to make a place your home forever定居例：The immigrants have settled in the small town from then on．【拓展】相关词组settle down定居settle(sb．)down to do sth．静下心来做某事set out to do / set about doing 着手做某事，开始做某事settle(down)to sth．定下心来做，开始认真对待13．well—being的用法·n．(1)health健康(2)comfort舒适例：His walk in the sunshine gave him sense of well-being.【拓展】相关词组pay attention to physical well·being注重身体健康14．unprocessed的用法·adj．without being processed未加工的例：unprocessed food未加工的食品【拓展】词性转换V．process加工，处理，审阅，审核例：It will take a week for your application to be processed．n．process过程，进程，流程例：The machine is in the process of repair．15．preservative的用法·n．chemical substance that can be used to keep food unchanged防腐剂例：The juice contains no artificial preservatives．·adj．that can be used to keep food unchanged防腐的【拓展】词性转换V．preserve维护，保护，保留相关词组preserve natural resources保护自然资源16．rush的用法·V．to move or to do sth．with great speed冲进，急冲·n．a sudden moment forward made by a lot of people or things冲进例：Don’t rush through your lunch．It’s harmful to your health．I regretted going out in the rush hours．【拓展】相关词组rush through匆匆地做……rush hours交通高峰期17．vegetarian的用法·n．素食者例：There is no doubt that he is a vegetarian because he doesn’t have meat for meals．18．common，usual，ordinary，general与normal的用法比较common常见的，共有的例：a common lodging—house (英)公共寄宿舍(供穷人寄宿的公共房屋)usual平常的，平时的例：As usual，he went to the language lab to practise his listening ability this morning．和平时一样，今天早上他去了语音室练听力。