Lesson 39 单词讲解1.operation[N] 手术have an operationan operation for cancerShe’s going to need an operation on her ankle.[N] 操作，运转，经营；公司，企业in operationin the operationbusiness operationHis electronics operation employs around 5,000 people.Matt and Bob were both involved in the operation.My company has been in operation since 2015.Many small businesses fail in the first year of operation.The new investment system came into operation in 1999.Protective clothing must be worn when the machine is in operation.The aircraft’s engine operation was normal.The new rule comes into operation on February 1.[N]. 行动rescue operationmilitary operationThe UN rescue operation started shortly after dawn.Britain will carry out a joint military operation with the US.operate [V] 操作；经营；引起；运转；动手术；operate a companyoperate the computeroperate a machineCheck that the equipment is operating in a safe manner.The bus is designed to operate in all weather conditions.He was experienced in operating the computers.They were trying to reduce operating costs.Nuns are operating an emergency hospital.2.successful [ADJ] 成功的successfully [ADV]success [N]succeed [V]3.inquire [V] 询问；查究；询价I am writing to inquire about your advertisement in ‘The Times’.The waiter inquired whether we would like to sit near the window.‘Where’s the station?’ she inquired of a passer-by.The investigation will inquire into the company’s financial dealings.4.alone [ADJ]&[ADV] 独自的;单独的*Do not use lonely to mean ‘without anyone else’. Use alone.She lives aloneShe is afraid to travel aloneYou shouldn’t leave a child alone in the house.leave sb./sth. alone'Leave me alone!' she screamed.Leave those cakes alone. They’re for the guests.lonely [ADJ] 偏僻的，人迹罕至的，孤单寂寞的The old lady lived _______, so she felt _______.It felt like the loneliest place in the world.a lonely journeyHe led a lonely life with few friends.Don’t you get lonely being on your own all day?Captain Fawcett's first passenger was a doctor who flew from Birmingham to a lonely village in the Welsh mountains.5.exchange [N] 交换；交流；交易所；兑换a fair exchangean exchange of political prisonersI’ve offered to paint the kitchen in exchange for a week’s accommodation.a quiet exchange between the judge and the clerk.The organization is dedicated to the free exchange of information.Kate’s in New York on an employee exchange so she can get some more training.[V] 交换；交易；兑换We exchange gifts at Christmas.We exchanged phone numbers/addresses.Where can I exchange my dollars for pounds?He exchanged the black jacket for a blue one.It’s a place where people can chat and exchange ideas.I went over and exchanged greetings with everyone.The two women exchanged glances and laughed.6.certain [ADJ] 某一；必然的；确信；无疑的；有把握的Now, are you certain about that?They were watching him. He was certain of it.I felt certain that I’d passed the test.I’m absolutely certain that I left the keys in the kitchen.I’m not certain when it will be ready.I know for certain it’s in here somewhere.One thing’s for certain, he won’t be back.We need to make certain that it’s going to fit first.The library’s only open at certain times of day.There are certain things I just can’t discuss with my mother.Many people look certain to lose their jobs.It is wise to apply early to be certain of obtaining a place.certainly [ADV] 当然；行They’re certainly not mine.It is certainly true that there are more courses on offer.-'I'd like a beer, please.' -'Certainly, sir.'-'Can I come along? ' -'Certainly.'-'May I go? ' -'Certainly not!'7.relative [N] 亲戚；相关物a gathering of friends and relativesa close/distant relativeHer boyfriend is a distant relative of mine.Lesson 39 课文&语法讲解Key points:直接引语变间接引语（宾语从句）直接引语变间接引语他说：“我是笨蛋”——直接引语他说我是笨蛋？他说他是笨蛋！——间接引语方式：将直接引语变宾语从句，并变换角度（人称、代词、时态、状语等）。
