下载文档原格式
Fraud and fraudulent F1behaviour and theirprevention in business1. What is fraud?•DefinitionFraud is defined as “deprivation by deceit”. In a court case, fraud was defined as “a false representation of fact made with the knowledge of its falsity, or without belief in its truth, or recklessly careless, whether it be true or false”•Removal of funds or assets from a businessa. Theft of cashb. Theft of inventoryc. Payroll fraudd. Teeming and ladinge. Fictitious customersf. Collusion with customersg. Bogus supply of goods or servicesh. Paying for goods not received•Removal of funds or assets from a business j. Manipulating of bank reconciliations and cash book k. Misuse of pension funds or other assetsl. Disposal assets to employees•Intentional misrepresentation of the financial position of the businessa. Over-valuation of inventoryb. Irrecoverable debt policy may not be enforcedc. Fictitious salesd. Manipulation of years end eventse. Understating expensesf. Manipulation of depreciation figures•Example questionWhat is the term given to a method of fraud in the accounts receivable area, by which cash or cheque receipts are stolen, and the theft concealed by setting subsequent receipts against the outstanding debt?A. CollusionB. MisrepresentationC. Teeming and ladingD. Fictitious sales。
ACCA（F1）1—7章论述题一、The business organization1、Suppose you are organizing a student ball. What advantages couldbe gained by forming a committee(成立一个委员会) to manage the process and ultimate event?⑴It would help overcome your limitations by pooling(共用) knowledge，ideas and expertise.⑵It would enable individuals to specialise（专门研究）in particular roles.⑶It would save time through joint effort.⑷It would enable synergy（协同、配合）to be gained.⑸It would satisfy social needs.2、Some building societies(住宅互助社团) have demutualised（股份化）and become banks with shareholders. Comment on how this may have affected lenders and borrowers.答案：Mutual building societies exist for the benefit of their members. This is reflected in setting：（1）interest rates（利率）for borrowers as low as possible（2）interest rates for savers as high as possibleThe aim is not to make a profit so the borrowing and saving rates are moved as close as possible with a small margin sufficient to cover costs. Once it becomes a bank the building society must then seek tomaximise（最大化）shareholder wealth and become profit seeking. This is done by increasing borrowing rates and reducing saving rates. Members will thus find that the terms offered by the building society become less attractive.However，when demutualising（股份化）most building societies give their members windfalls（外快，横财）of shares so members become shareholders，thus benefiting from dividends（红利，股息）and share price increases.3、An over-keen（过激的）sales person promises a new product to a clientbefore production anticipates(生产预期) manufacturing it.What problems could this cause and how could it have been avoided？Problems：（1）the firm will let down（失信于）its major customer，with resulting loss of goodwill（信誉）and impact on future orders（2）Or the firm will incur(遭受) extra costs to advance production to meet the deadline set.Avoided：（1）better communication between sales and production（销售和生产）（2）ensuring that sales staff are briefed（事先被下达简令）by theirsupervisor（监督者）about delivery and production（交付和生产）schedules（3）having an IT system where all sales staff can verify（核实）stock and anticipated production times before confirming orders4、Give 3 strategic（战略的）issues that should be considered by theheadmaster of a school as part of strategic analysis（策略分析）. Internal analysis:（1）review of Ofsted reports to identify areas for improvement（2）review of government league（联盟）tables(政府排行榜)（3）an assessment of each member of staff to identify strengths and weaknesses（4）a review of assets，including buildings and equipment. External analysis：（1）local birth rates to anticipate likely future student numbers （2）numbers of graduates going into teaching to anticipate future supply of teachers（3）proposed government legislation relating to schools，eg.Funding. Stakeholder（参与方）analysis：（1）feedback from PTA groups(家长教师会团体)and other parent groups（2）feedback from schools governors二、Organizational structure1、 Design an organizational structure for Food plc.Food plcBoard2、 What （other ）factors could influence t he span of control within an organization ？（1） nature of the work（2） type of personnel （人事部门、员工）（3） location of personnel（4） management style（5）level of organizational support for routine tasks（6）the nature of the work（1-3为课本容，4-6为答案容）3、Haulage is an haulage company（运输公司.It has 3 levels of employee：directors、managers and drivers. Its organization chart（公司组织机构图）shows a corresponding 3 tier(等级) structure. What factors will influence the span of control of the managers？答案：The work of the drivers is not particularly complex and drivers will not need much guidance.Modern technology means that meetings between managers and drivers will not often be necessary.Each manager will have a wide span of control.4、How does the ability of the employees affect the level ofdecentralisation（分散，地方分权）？答案:The more able the employees，the more decisions they can be entrusted with（受委托），and the greater the level of decentralisation.5、A disadvantage of decentralisation can be increased costs. How can these arise？答案：Poor decisions∕lack of goal congruence（目标一致性），leading toincreased costs.Training costsDuplication（复制）of roles（重复角色）leading to increased personnel costsExtra costs of gathering information form various sources∕locations.6 、What other methods could be employed to integrate（整合）a department and reduce the impact of the informal organization(非正式机构)as in the last example above？案例的方法：mix members of the 2 ‘cliques’（小集团）on training courses 答案：Away days，ensuring that teams for the activities are picked with （被挑选的）members from both cliques.Change shift patterns(模式)so that the cliques are broken up on the production line.Change break times，so that one ‘clique’does not take its break together.三、Organizational culture1、State 3 aspects of culture that could be classified as artifacts（人工产物）.（1）the way that people dress（2）furnishings（设），office facilities（办公室设施）（3）How employees（visibly明显地）react to each other and outsiders （局外人）.2、Describe what Handy meant by a task culture. Can you think of 2disadvantages this may create for an organization？答案：A task culture is one where nothing is allowed to get in the way of completing the task.Disadvantages：（1）high levels of stress（2）quality compromised（质量妥协）in an effort to get the job finished on time（3）people feeling that their individual needs are surpassed（被超过）by the needs of the task，eg.Feeling pressurised(紧迫的)to work late.四、Leadership，management and supervision1、Briefly explain in general terms the responsibilities of a supervisor. （1）Planning the work of the department（安排部门工作）（2）Ensuring the work is completed as far as possible according to plan by adequate（足够的）supervision（通过足够的监督来确保工作尽可能地按计划完成）（3）Maintaining discipline（维持纪律）in the department（4）Undertaking the task when required（5）Having knowledge and ability in all aspects of health，safety and employment legislation that applies to his or her subordinates（下级）.2、John进入了一个会计部门，他的上司病了，所以他被要求准备themanagement accounts（管理账户），他要求得到有关工资的信息。
accaf1考试真题及答案解析ACCA F1考试真题及答案解析ACCA（Association of Chartered Certified Accountants）是全球最大的会计师协会之一，其资格认证考试被全球广泛认可。
F1是ACCA专业资格中的第一门课程，也是全球近百万学员的入门课程。
那么，让我们来看一下一道ACCA F1考试真题及其答案解析。
真题：（以下是一道ACCA F1真题）Question 1:XYZ公司是一个制造业企业，正在考虑引进新的制造设备来提高生产效率。
分析师通过研究发现，按照目前的市场需求，这项投资预计将为该公司每年带来额外利润100,000美元，而新设备的购买价格为300,000美元。
分析师还预计，这台新设备的使用寿命为5年，并且整体投资的资本回收期为3年。
XYZ公司的资本成本为10%。
请回答以下问题：1. 计算并解释投资回报率（ROI）。
2. XYZ公司应该做出什么决策？为什么？答案解析：1. 投资回报率（ROI）的计算公式为：ROI = （项目收益 - 项目成本）/ 项目成本× 100%在该问题中，项目收益为100,000美元，项目成本为300,000美元。
代入公式计算得到：ROI = （100,000 - 300,000）/ 300,000 × 100%= -66.67%解析：投资回报率（ROI）为负数，表示该投资预计无法实现回报。
这意味着该投资计划对XYZ公司来说可能是一项高风险的决策。
2. XYZ公司应该认真考虑这个投资计划并权衡风险和回报。
尽管该投资计划的投资回报率为负数，但考虑到每年额外利润100,000美元，XYZ公司可能仍然希望提高生产效率和市场竞争力。
此外，新设备的使用寿命为5年，并且整体投资的资本回收期为3年，这也是XYZ公司考虑投资的因素。
最终决策取决于公司的战略目标、可用的资金和风险承受能力。
以上是对这道ACCA F1考试真题的解答和分析。
中国审计报/2009年/2月/11日/第006版考试辅导ACCA会计师与企业(F1)考情分析与模拟试题解析(下)向隽 (ACCA资深讲师)(上接1月14日七版)23.Referring to the following diagram of an appraisal system，identify which of the following labels correctly fills each of the missing labels A，B and bels:1 Assessment interview 2 Follow up action 3 Criteria for assessment A.Matches label()B.Matches label()C.Matches label()Answer:A-3、B-1、C-2 相关章节:Chapter 18 Performance appraisal。
要点解析:本题主要考查的是绩效考核的过程分析。
绩效管理将在第三阶段中作为独立的一门课程介绍，F1只是对它的大致框架结构进行了简介，它的实施步骤如下:－Identification of criteria for assessment-basis of criteria:job analysis，performance standards，personal specification.－Preparation of appraisal report-both the appraiser and ap-praisee would be involved.－An appraisal interview-to exchange views about the ap-praisal report，improvement objectives and solutions to the problems.－Review of the assessment by assessor’s superior to ensure fair treatment and avoid prejudices，formal appeals may be allowed-Preparation and implementation of action plans to achieve im-provement and changes agreed.一Follow-up-monitoring the process of the action plan.本题是一个简单的填图题，根据绩效评估过程的逻辑顺序可以对选项进行判断。
第1章 ACCA F1-F3模拟题及解析（5）1.A company's trial balance failed to agree, and a suspense account was opened for the difference. Subsequent checking revealed that discounts allowed of $13,000 had been credited to the discountsreceived account and an entry on the credit side of the cash book for the purchase of some machinerycosting $18,000 had not been posted to the plant and machinery account.Which two of the following journal entries would correct the errors?Debit Credit$ $1.Discounts allowed 13,000Discounts received 13,0002 Discounts allowed 13,000Discounts received 13,000Suspense account 26,0003 Suspense account 26,000Discounts allowed 13,000Discounts received 13,0004 Plant and machinery 18,000Suspense account 18,0005 Suspense account 18,000Plant and machinery 18,000A. 1 and4B. 2 and 5C. 2 and4D. 3 and52.A non-current asset was disposed of for $2,200 during the last accounting year. It had been purchased exactly three years earlier for $5,000, with an expected residual value of $500, andhad been depreciated on the reducing balance basis, at 20% per annum.The gain or loss on disposal was:A. $360 lossB. $150 lossC. $104 lossD. $200 profit3. Extracts from the accounting records of A, a company, relating to the year ended 31 December20X7 are as follows:Revaluation surplus $230,000Ordinary interim dividend paid $12,000Profit before tax $178,000Estimated tax liability for year $45,0008% ￡1 Preference shares $100,000Underprovision for tax in previous year $5,600Proceeds of issue of 2,000 ￡1 ordinaryShares $5,000Final ordinary dividend proposed after year end $30,000What is the total change reported in the statement of changes in equity for the year?A $312,400B $356,000C $348,000D $342,4004.ABC is engaged in the following research and development projects:Project 1 It is applying a new technology to the production of heat resistant fabric. The projectis intended to last for a further 18 months after which the fabric will be used in the productionof uniforms for the emergency services.Project 2 It is considering whether a particular substance can be used as an appetite suppressant.If this is the case, it is expected be sold worldwide in chemists and pharmacies.Project 3 It is developing a material for use in kitchens which is self cleaning and germ resistant.A competitor is currently developing a similar material and for this reason Geranium are unsure whether their project will be completed.The costs associated with which of these projects can be capitalised?A. Projects 1, 2 and 3B. Projects 1 and 2C. Project 1 onlyD. Projects 1 and 35.You are given the following incomplete and incorrect extract from the income statement of a company that trades at a mark up of 25% on cost:$ $Sales 174,258Less: cost of goods soldOpening inventory 12,274Purchases 136,527Closing inventory X(X)Gross profit XHaving discovered that the sales figure should have been $174,825andthat purchase returnsof$1,084and sales returnsof$1,146 have been omitted, the closing inventory should be:A. $8,662B. $8,774C. $17,349D. $17,4586. At I October 20X6, O's capital was structured as follows:$Ordinary shares of 25c 100,000Share premium 30,000On 10 January 20X7, in order to raise finance for expansion, there was a 1 for 4 rights issue at $1.15. The issue was fully taken up. This was followed by a 1 for 10 bonus issue on 1 June 20X7.What is the balance on the share premium account after these transactions?A. $17,500B. $21,250C. $107,500D. $120,0007. Jason performs an inventory count on 30 December 20X6 ahead of the 31 December year end. He counts 1,200 identical units, each of which cost $50. On 31 December, David sold 20 of the units for $48 each. What figure should be included in Jason's balance sheet for inventory at the year end?A. $60,000B. $59,000C. $57,600D. $56,6408. The following bank reconciliation statement has been prepared by an inexperienced bookkeeper at 31 December 20X5:$Balance per bank statement (overdrawn) 38,64019,270Add: lodgments not credited57,910Less: unpresented cheques14,260Balance per cash book 43,650What should the final cash book balance be when all the above items have been properly dealt with?A. $43,650 overdrawnB. $33,630 overdrawnC. $5,110 overdrawnD. $72,170 overdrawn9. Classify the following amounts as current or non-current in Albatross, a limited liability company's accounts:1. A sale has been made on credit to a customer. They have agreed to terms stating that payment is due in 18 months time.2. A bank overdraft facility of $30,000 is available under an agreement with the bank which extends 2 years.3. A company has bought a small number of shares in another company which it intends to trade.4. A bank loan has been taken out with a repayment date 5 years hence.Current Non-currentA 2 and3 1 and 4B 3 only 1,2 and 4C 1,2 and 3 4D 1 and 3 2 and 410. The following items have to be considered in finalising the financial statements of Q, a limited liability company:1.The company gives warranties on its products. The company's statistics show that about 5% of sales give rise to a warranty claim.2.The company has guaranteed the overdraft of another company. The likelihood of a liability arising under the guarantee is assessed as possible.What is the correct action to be taken in the financial statements for these items?Create a Disclose by note No actionprovision onlyA 1 2B 1 2C 1 and 2D 1 and 211. Which of the following statements are correct according to IAS 10 Events after the balance sheet date?1 Details of all adjusting events must be disclosed by note to the financial statements.2 A material loss arising from the sale, after the balance sheet date, of inventory valued at cost at the balance sheet date must be reflected in the financial statements.3 If the market value of investments falls materially after the balance sheet date, the details must be disclosed by note.4 Events after the balance sheet date are those that occur between the balance sheet date and the date when the financial statements are authorised for issue.A. l and 2 onlyB. 1,3 and 4C. 2 and 3 onlyD. 2,3 and 412.A credit entry of $450 on X's account in the books of Y could have arisen by:A.X buying goods on credit from YB.Y paying X $450C.Y returning goods to XD. X returning goods to Y.13.Inventories should be valued at the lower of cost and net realisable value. Which ONE of the following accounting concepts governs this?A. ComparabilityB. PrudenceC. Going concernD. Materiality14.ABC, a leasing apartment company, received cash totaling $838,600 from tenants during the year ended 31 December 20X6.Figures for rent in advance and in arrears at the beginning and end of the year were:31 December 20X5 31 December 20X6$ $Rent received in advance 102,600 88,700Rent in arrears (all subsequently received) 42,300 48,400What amount should appear in the company's income statement for the year ended 31 December 20X6 for rental income?A. $818,600B. $738,000C. $939,200D. $858,60015. Which of the following items could appear as items in a company's cash flow statement?1 A bonus issue of shares2 A rights issue of shares3 The revaluation of non-current assets4 Dividends paidA.All four itemsB. 1,3 and 4 onlyC. 2 and 4 onlyD. 2 and 3 only16. The Standards Advisory Council are responsible for:(1) issuing guidance in relation to emerging issues(2) advising the IASB on major standard-setting projectsA. 1 and2B. 1 onlyC. 2 onlyD. neither 1 nor two17. The trial balance of MHSB does not balance at the year end. What type of error may explain this?A. Extraction errorB. Error of commissionC. Compensating errorD. Error of original entry18. Ellen is registered for sales tax. During May, she sells goods with a tax exclusive price of $600 to Kyle on credit. As Kyle is buying a large quantity of goods, Erin reduces the price by 5%. She also offers a discount of another 3% if Kyle pays within 10 days. Kyle does not pay within the 10 days.If sales tax is charged at 17.5%, what amount should Ellen charge on this transaction?A. $96.60B. $101.85C. $99.75D. $105.0019. Which of the following statements is true?1. In a computerised system, all accounting personnel will have access to all records.2. The general ledger in a computerised system tends to take the same format as that in a manual system, i.e. a number of T accounts.A. Neither 1 nor 2B. Both 1 and 2C. 1 onlyD. 2 only20. Details of AIG's insurance policy are shown below:Premium for year ended 31 March 20X6 paid April 20X5. $10,800Premium for year ending 31 March 20X7 paid April 20X6 $12,000What figures should be included in the company's financial statements for the year ended 30 June 20X6?Income Statement Balance sheet$ $A. 11,100 9,000 prepaymentB. 11,700 9,000 prepaymentC. 11,100 9,000 accrual.D. 11,700 9,000 accrual21. A business' sales (receivables) ledger control account did not agree with the total of the balances on the receivables ledger. An investigation revealed that the sales day book had been overcast by $10. What effect will this have on the discrepancy?A. the control account should be credited with $10B. the control account should be debited with $10C. the ledger total should be decreased by $10D. the ledger total should be increased by $1022. A company's trial balance failed to agree, and a suspense account was opened for the difference. Subsequent checking revealed that discounts allowed of $13,000 had been credited to the discounts received account and an entry on the credit side of the cash book for the purchase of some machinery costing $18,000 had not been posted to the plant and machinery account.Which two of the following journal entries would correct the errors?Debit Credit$ $1 Discounts allowed 13,000Discounts received 13,0006 Discounts allowed 13,000Discounts received 13,000Suspense account 26,0007 Suspense account 26,000Discounts allowed 13,000Discounts received 13,0008 Plant and machinery 18,000Suspense account 18,0009 Suspense account 18,000Plant and machinery 18,000A. 1 and4B. 2 and 5C. 2 and4D. 3 and523. Which one of the following statements is correct?A. The prudence concept requires assets to be understated and liabilities to be overstated.B. To comply with the law, the legal form of a transaction must always be reflected in financial statements.C. If a non-current asset initially recognised at cost is revalued, the surplus must be credited in the income statement.D. In times of rising prices, the use of historical cost accounting tends to understate assets and overstate profits.24. A sales ledger control account showed a debit balance of $37,642. The individual customers' accounts in the sales ledger showed a total of $35,840. The difference could be due to:A. undercasting the sales day book by $1,802B. overcasting the sales returns day book by $1,802C. entering a cash receipt of $1,802 on the debit side of a customer's accountD. entering a cash discount allowed of $901 on the debit side of the control account.25. Where, in a company's financial statements complying with International accounting standards,should you find the proceeds of non-current assets sold during the period?A. Cash flow statement and balance sheetB. Statement of changes in equity and balance sheetC. Income statement and cash flow statementD. Cash flow statement only26. Which one of the following should be accounted for as capital expenditure?A. The cost of painting a building.B. The replacement of windows in a building.C. The purchase of a car by a garage for re-sale.D. Legal fees incurred on the purchase of a building.27. Lee and Ham are in partnership, trading as 'Furniture'. They have made a profit of $14,750 in the year ended 31 May 20X5.The partnership agreement provides for a salary of $12,000 to Lee and interest on capital at 3%. Remaining profits are shared in the ratio 1:4 At the start of the year, Lee had invested $10,000 in the business and Ham $20,000.What share of profit does Ham receive?A. $370B. $1,480C. $2,080D. $12,67028. The sales account is:A. credited with the total of sales made, including sales taxB. credited with the total of sales made, excluding sales taxC. debited with the total of sales made, including sales taxD. debited with the total of sales made, excluding sales tax.29.Inventory movements for product X during the last quarter were as follows:January Purchases 10 items at$19.80 eachFebruary Sales 10items at $30 eachMarch Purchases 20items at $24.50Sales 5 items at$30 eachOpening inventory at 1 January was 6 items valued at $15 each.Gross profit for the quarter, using the continuous weighted average cost method would be:A. $135.75B. $155.00C. $174.00D. $483.0030.The following information is available about a company's dividends:Sept 20X5 Final dividend for the year ended 30 June 20X5 paid $100,000(declared August 20X5)March 20X6 Interim dividend for the year ended 30 June 20X6 $40,000paidSept 20X6 Final dividend for the year ended 30 June 20X6 paid $120,000 (declared August 20X6)What figures, if any, should be disclosed in the company's income statement for the year ended 30 June 20X6 and its balance sheet at that date?Income statement Balance sheetA.$160,000 deduction $120,000B.$140,000 deduction NilC.Nil $120,000D.Nil Nil试题答案1.【答案】C2.【答案】A3.【答案】D4.【答案】C5.【答案】B6:【答案】C7:【答案】D8.【答案】B9.【答案】C10.【答案】A11 【答案】D12.【答案】D13.【答案】B14.【答案】D15.【答案】C16.【答案】C17.【答案】A18.【答案】A19.【答案】A20.【答案】A21.【答案】A22.【答案】C23.【答案】D24.【答案】D25.【答案】D26.【答案】D27.【答案】C28.【答案】B29.【答案】B30.【答案】略财经网络教育领导品牌_________________________________________________________________ 参与ACCA考试的考生可按照复习计划有效进行，另外高顿网校官网ACCA考试辅导高清课程已经开通，还可索取ACCA考试通关宝典，针对性地讲解、训练、答疑、模考，对学习过程进行全程跟踪、分析、指导，可以帮助考生全面提升复习备考效果。
ACCA F1精选模拟测试题第1 题（单选）What name is given to a ‘task culture’ by Charles Handy.A. AthenaB. ApolloC. ZeusD. Dionysus第2 题（单选）How is ‘true and fair view’ generally defined for practical purposes?A. Managers have promised that the accounts are correctB. The accounts have been produced with the best intentionsC. All statements are honest and unlikely to deceiveD. The accounts are accurate and not misleadin第3 题（单选）In order for the purchase of a non-current asset to be processed, what must the manager of the department which requires the asset firstly fill out?A. Business caseB. Purchase requisitionC. Company chequeD. Order form第4 题（单选）‘The usefulness of information is reduced if it does not appear until long after the period to which it relates.’To which feature of good accounting information does this sentence relate?A. ReliabilityB. ObjectivityC. TimelinessD. Relevance第5 题（单选）Why does unemployment result in loss of output?A. Unemployed people earn less than employed peopleB. Unemployed labour will gradually lose its skills, and ability to contribute to production levelsC. Unemployment brings social problemsD. The economy is not producing as much as it could, because the potential labour force is not fully utilize第6 题（单选）What does Porter analyse the micro environment into?A. Generic competitive factorsB. Five competitive forcesC. PEST factorsD. Product/market strategies第7 题（单选）Lee , Mark, Bridget and Joey work for a company that makes coffee machines. A free packet of coffee is supplied with each machine sold. Lee repairs faulty machines which customers have sent back. Mark works in the warehouse and is in charge of storing the coffee. Bridget, the warehouse manager, is Mark’s supervisor. Joey monitors the number of machines in the warehouse and the coffee supplies in order to ensure that customer demand can be met.Whose work is NOT related to inbound logistics?A. LeeB. MarkC. BridgetD. Joey第8 题（单选）Which of the following provides an example of ‘ad-hoc’ outsourcing?A. Employing programmers on a short-term contractB. Ongoing website managementC. A third party owns or is responsible for equipment and staffD. Contractual hardware maintenance第9 题（单选）For information to be cost beneficial, it should cost ________ to obtain it, when compared with the benefit obtained from using it.Which word best completes this sentence?A. The sameB. MoreC. LessD. Nothing第10 题（单选）Buying behaviour is an important aspect of marketing. What is an inhibitor?A. An individual’s personalityB. A factor that makes a person less likely to purchase somethingC. An individual’s social classD. An individual’s culture第11 题（单选）Which of the following statements concerning directors’ remuneration is NOT accurate?A. The packages of individual directors need not be disclosed, for reasons of confidentialityB. Directors' remuneration should be set by a remuneration committeeC. Remuneration should be dependent upon performanceD. Accounts should disclose remuneration policy第12 题（单选）What does ‘GAAP’ stand for?A. Generally accepted accounting policyB. Generally accepted accounting procedureC. Generally accepted accounting principlesD. Generally accepted accounting process第13 题（单选）When there is an input to X Ltd’s invoicing module, authorising the despatch of an invoice to a customer, there are automatic links to the receivables ledger which then updates the customer’s account.This is a feature of what type of system?A. Database management systemB. Internal control systemC. Executive information systemD. Integrated accounting system第14 题（单选）Separating the signing of cheques from the authorisation of payments is an example of which type of control?A. Physical controlB. Internal checkC. Segregation of dutiesD. Reconciliation第15 题（单选）What is the usual intention behind a research and development function?A. To improve products or processesB. To attract resources and fundingC. To provide employee trainingD. To understand buyer behavior第16 题（单选）Which one of the following is a benefit of the informal organisation?A. Social networkingB. Knowledge sharingC. Getting work done more quicklyD. Prompt communication of company policies第17 题（单选）Committees are a key part of organisational ________ processes.Which word best completes this sentence?A. CommunicationB. PayrollC. TrainingD. Development第18 题（单选）Which of the following is regarded as a primary stakeholder?A. One who is more strategically important than othersB. The governmentC. One who has a contractual relationship with the organisationD. An external stakeholder第19 题（单选）Which of the following is NOT a factor when considering social class?A. Educational attainmentB. Inherited wealthC. Number of childrenD. Status第20 题（单选）Value _________ are the means by which a firm creates value in its products.Which word correctly completes this sentence?A. InputsB. ActivitiesC. PromotionsD. Outputs第21 题（单选）Why are the accounting statements drawn up by a management accountant often prepared and presented very differently from those of the financial accountant?A. They are mainly interested in reporting to external partiesB. They are not concerned with policy or decision makingC. They do not need to comply with company law or accounting standardsD. They do not need to be done on a regular basis第22 题（单选）Which one of the following is NOT a type of internal check?A. Sequential invoicingB. Pre-listC. Post-listD. Control total第23 题（单选）How is ‘structural unemployment’caused?A. Long-term changes occur in the conditions of an industryB. Strong trade unions resist a fall in their wagesC. The demand for labourfluctuates throughout the yearD. There is difficulty in matching workers with jobs.第24 题（单选）Which of the following is NOT a potential disadvantage of outsourcing?A. An organisation may find itself locked in to an unsatisfactory contractB. There is no onus upon internal management to keep up with new developmentsC. Certain functions may be too important to be contracted outD. There is often a long-term contract where services are specified for a fixed price第25 题（单选）Which of the following could be found as a feature of an organisational health and safety policy?A. Employees’ medical assessmentsB. Detailed instructions on how to use equipmentC. The company mission statementD. An analysis of employee benefits in kind, including private health care第26 题（单选）Which of the following would cause a firm’s demand curve for labour to shift to the right?A. A rise in the demand of a firm’s productB. A fall in the level of wagesC. An increase in the supply of labourD. A fall in output per worker第27 题（单选）Why can conflict between stakeholders be quite common?A. Different shareholders will have different risk/return profilesB. Managers do not need to take their views into accountC. Their interests will generally be widely differentD. All of the above第28 题（单选）The term ________ is often used to describe the process of gathering external information. Which phrase correctly completes this sentence?A. Environmental scanningB. SWOT analysisC. Data captureD. PEST analysis第29 题（单选）Which of the following features typifies a ‘role culture’ within an organisation?A. Capable of adapting quickly to meet changeB. Power and influence stems from a central sourceC. A formal structure, operated by well-established rulesD. Best suited to smaller entrepreneurial organisations第30 题（单选）What does the ‘informal organisation’ consist of?A. Social relationshipsB. Casual communication networksC. Behavioural normsD. All of the above第31 题（单选）Which of the following attitudes reflects a marketing orientation?A. ‘Customers will buy whatever we produce’B. ‘Add more features to the product’C. ‘Customers must be persuaded to buy’D. ‘Determine the needs, wants and values of our target market’第32 题（单选）Asim, Bill, Claire and Dennis work for a construction company. Dennis sometimes requests a list of advances of employee pay for his department. Asim usually produces this. Dennis also sometimes requests an analysis of employee training expenditure. Bill produces this list. A report on aged receivables is usually produced by Claire. If Asim, Bill or Claire need to claim back expenses then Dennis has to authorise this.Who is most likely to work as a payables clerk?A. AsimB. BillC. ClaireD. Dennis第33 题（单选）What is the ‘purchasing mix’?A. Quantity, price, supply, demandB. Quantity, quality, demand, costC. Quantity, price, quality, deliveryD. Quantity, cost, demand, delivery第34 题（单选）A rise in the price of a good accompanied by a fall in the quantity sold would result fromA. A decrease in supplyB. An increase in demandC. A decrease in demandD. An increase in supply第35 题（单选）Which of the following best describes a ‘standing committee’?A. It is formed to deal with routine business delegated to it on a permanent basisB. One with the power to govern or administerC. Formed to co-ordinate the activities of two or more committeesD. Appointed to relieve the parent committee of some of its routine work第36 题（单选）The strength of the threat of a new entrant into an industry can depend on?A. The price awareness of consumersB. The likely response of existing competitors to the new entrantC. How much the customer buysD. How critical the product is to the customer第37 题（单选）What is an ‘employee report’?A. An analysis of recruitment figuresB. A productivity assessmentC. A disciplinary procedureD. Financial information for issue to employees第38 题（单选）Which of the following is NOT a key feature of the Accounting Standards Board?A. It is concerned with departures from accounting standardsB. It issues Financial Reporting StandardsC. It is supported by the Urgent Issues Task ForceD. It is overseen by the Financial Reporting Council第39 题（单选）What does the term ‘information market’ refer to?A. The transfer of information between networks and systems can be carried outB. Systems are likely to be superseded by newer onesC. Any user can share or exchange informationD. Information is a commodity which can be bought, sold or exchanged第40 题（单选）When a country is in deficit, it is__________ more goods and services than it is______. Which words, in correct order, correctly complete this sentence?A. Exporting; importingB. Importing; exportingC. Buying; sellingD. Selling; buying第41 题（单选）Which of the following areas is covered by company law?A. Pollution controlB. Directors and their dutiesC. Unfair dismissalD. Safety procedures第42 题（单选）Why is the study of population relevant for all types of business?A. An ageing population is less likely to buy new productsB. It affects demand for servicesC. It affects an organisations supply of labourD. A declining population is a sign of a declining economy第43 题（单选）What is a possible symptom of board members losing touch with their shareholders?A. Concealment of problems or errorsB. Manipulation of accountsC. Not carrying out necessary questioning of senior managementD. Payment of excessive remuneration packages第44 题（单选）What is Schein’s ‘third level’ in determining culture?A. BehaviourB. AttitudesC. Values and beliefsD. Assumptions第45 题（单选）H Co is a firm of chartered certified accountants. Vimal and Kate work as trainee accountants for H Co, for a manager called Lesley. Lesley is keen for the trainees to pass their exams and so shesends Kate and Vimal on accountancy training courses on a regular basis with a training company called PBB. PBB supply Vimal and Kate with all of the books and courses that they need to pass the exams. Which one of the following options is/are connected stakeholders of H Co?A. The Association Of Chartered Certified AccountantsB. Kate and VimalC. PBBD. Lesley第46 题（单选）The diagram below relates to the demand for and supply of ginThe market is initially in equilibrium at point X. The government imposes a specific tax on gin whilst at the same time, the price of whisky (a substitute for gin) rises. Which point, A, B, Y, or Z represents the new market equilibrium?A. AB. BC. YD. Z第47 题（单选）Which of the following provides an example of a ‘boundary’ separating an organisation from its environment?A. A divisional structureB. Systems and proceduresC. Factory gatesD. Recruitment policy第48 题（单选）What was the main conclusion of the Hawthorne studies?A. Job status is a strong motivatorB. Informal groups exercise a powerful influence in the workplaceC. Group psychology has a strong effect on establishing normsD. Informal networks indicate who people trust第49 题（单选）What kind of information would be found at the ‘tactical level’ in a finance information system?A. Sources of funds for borrowingB. Bank reconciliationsC. Cash flow forecastsD. All of the above第50 题（单选）L Co have a management committee meeting every month. Pippa, Ben, Joanne and George all attend the meetings. Pippa has a sound knowledge of the relevant issues and gives immediate rulings on points of dispute during the meeting. After the meetings, Ben communicates the decisions made. Joanne is the manager of the administration department of L Co. George works as a receptionist on the front desk at L Co. Which member of L Co is likely to be the management committee secretary?A. PippaB. BenC. JoanneD. George。
第1章 ACCA F1-F3模拟题及解析（6）1. a) Explain the doctrine of binding precedent in English law paying particular regard to the hierarchy of the courts; (5 marks) b) Assess the importance of delegated legislation as a source of contemporary law paying particular attention to the power of the Courts with respect to it. (5 marks)2.In relation to the contents of a contract explain the following:(a) Conditions; (4 marks)(b) Warranties; (3 marks)(c) Innominate terms. (3 marks)3. Explain the liability of the members of partnerships formed under the following Acts:(a) Partnership Act 1890; (3 marks)(b) Limited Partnerships Act 1907; (3 marks)(c) Limited Liability Partnership Act 2000. (4 marks)4. a) Explain what legal limitations there are on the names that may be adopted by companies, paying particular regard to the tort of ‘passing off’. (5 marks)b) promoter5. In relation to companies’ loan capital explain the following terms:(a) debenture; (3 marks)(b) fixed charge; (3 marks)(c) floating charge. (4 marks)6.(a) Annual general meeting and extraordinary general meeting; (5 marks)(b) State and explain the grounds under which a company may be wound up under section 122 of the Insolvency Act 1986; (5 marks)7. (a) Explain the term ‘money laundering’ and how such activity is conducted. (5 marks)(b) Explain how the Proceeds of Crime Act 2002 seeks to control money laundering. (5 marks)8.Ali is an antique dealer and one Saturday in November 2007 he put a vase in the window of his shop with a sign which stated ‘exceptional piece of 19th century pottery – on offer for £500’. Ben happened to notice the vase as he walked past the shop and thought he would like to have it. Unfortunately, as he was late for an important meeting, he could not go into the shop to buy it, but as soon as his meeting was finished he wrote to Ali agreeing to buy the vase for the stated price of £500. The letter was posted at 11:30 am.Later on the same day, Chet visited Ali’s shop and said he would like the vase but was only willing to pay £400 for it. Ali replied that he would accept £450 for the vase, but Chet insisted that he was only willing to pay £400 and left the shop. However, on his journey home Chet realised that £450 was actually a very good price for the vase and he immediately wrote to Ali agreeing to buy it for that price. His letter was posted at 12:30 pm.Just before closing time at 5 pm. Di came into Ali’s shop and she also offered £400 for the vase. This time Ali agreed to sell the vase at that price and Di promised to return the following Monday with the money.On the Monday morning Ali received both of the letters from Ben and Chet before Di could arrive to pay and collect the vase.Required:From the point of view of the law of contract advise Ali as to his legal relations with Ben, Chet and Di.9. Fine Ltd specialises in providing software to the financial services industry. It has two offices, one in Edinburgh and the other, its main office, in London. In January 2003 Gus was employed as a software designer attached to the Edinburgh office. However, by May 2004, Gus was informed that he was to be transferred to the head office in London, which is more than 350 miles from his usual workplace.Gus refused to accept the transfer on the basis that he had been employed to work in Edinburgh not London. Consequently, on 1 June 2004 he wrote to Fine Ltd terminating his contract with them. Required:Analyse the scenario from the point of view of employment law and in particular advise Gus as to:(a) his rights on the termination of his contract of employment with Fine Ltd;(b) the likelihood of a successful claim for unfair dismissal;(c) the remedies which might be available were he to win such an action.10. Three years ago Norm, a wealthy retired accountant, agreed to become a director of his son Owen’s company, Push Ltd, which had been established three years previously. Owen told Norm that he only wanted his name amongst the directors in order to give Push Ltd increased credibility. Norm never actually took part in the management of the company and never attended any company meetings. Norm has now learned that Push Ltd is insolvent and owes considerable debts. Owen has confessed to Norm that he had deliberately hidden the fact that Push Ltd has been insolvent and carried on trading for the past two years, in which time Push Ltd’s debts have increased from £50,000 to £300,000.Required:Advise Norm in regard to the following:(a) the common law duty of care owed by directors to their companies;(b) any potential liability on behalf of himself or Owen for fraudulent trading under s.213 of the Insolvency Act 1986;(c) any potential liability of himself or Owen for wrongful trading under s.214 of the Insolvency Act 1986.试题答案1. a)The doctrine of binding precedent, or stare decisis, lies at the heart of the English legal system. The doctrine refers to the fact that within the hierarchical structure of the English courts, a decision of a higher court will be binding on a court lower than it in that hierarchy. When judges try cases they will check to see if a similar situation has come before a court previously. If the precedent was set by a court of equal or higher status to the court deciding the new case then the judge in the present case should normally follow the rule of law established in the earlier case.The Hierarchy of the CourtsThe House of Lords stands at the summit of the English court structure and its decisions are binding on all courts below it in the hierarchy. As regards its own previous decisions, up until 1966 the House of Lords regarded itself as bound by its previous decisions. In a Practice Statement ([1966] 3 All ER 77) of that year, however, Lord Gardiner indicated that the House of Lords would in future regard itself as free to depart from its previous decisions where it appeared right to do so.The Court of Appeal. In civil cases the Court of Appeal is generally bound by previous decisions of the House of Lords and its own previous decisions. There are, however, a number of exceptions to this general rule. The exceptions arise where:(i) there is a conflict between two previous decisions of the Court of Appeal.(ii) a previous decision of the Court of Appeal has been overruled by the House of Lords. The Court of Appeal can ignore a previous decision of its own which is inconsistent with European Community law or with a later decision of the European Court.(iii) the previous decision was given per incuriam, i.e. in ignorance of some authority that would have led to a different conclusionThe High Court is bound by the decisions of superior courts. Decisions by individual High Court judges are binding on courts inferior in the hierarchy, but such decisions are not binding on other High Court judges although they are of strong persuasive authority and tend to be followed in practice.Crown Courts cannot create precedent and their decisions can never amount to more than persuasive authority. County courts and Magistrates’ courts do not create precedents.It is important to establish that it is not the actual decision in a case that sets the precedent; that is set by the rule of law on which the decision is founded. This rule, which is an abstraction from the facts of the case, is known as the ratio decidendi of the case.Any statement of law that is not an essential part of the ratio decidendi is, strictly speaking, superfluous; and any such statement is referred to as obiter dictum, i.e. said by the way. Although obiter dicta statements do not form part of the binding precedent they are persuasive authority and can be taken into consideration in later cases.b)Within the United Kingdom Parliament has the sole power to make law by creating legislation. Parliament, however, can pass on, or delegate, its law making power to some other body or individual. Delegated legislation is of particular importance in the contemporary legal context. Instead of definitive Acts of Parliament, which attempt to lay down detailed provisions, the modern form of legislation tends to be of the enabling type, which simply states the general purpose and aims of the Act. Such Acts merely lay down a broad framework, whilst delegating to ministers of state the power to produce detailed provisions designed to achieve those general aims. Thus delegated legislation is law made by some person, or body, to whom Parliament has delegated its general law making power. The output of delegated legislation in any year greatly exceeds the output of Acts of Parliament and, therefore, at least statistically it could be argued that delegated legislation is actually more significant than primary Acts of Parliament.There are various types of delegated legislation:(i) Orders in Council permit the government, through the Privy Council to make law. The Privy Council is nominally a non partypolitical body of eminent parliamentarians, but in effect it is simply a means through which the government, in the form of a committee of Ministers, can introduce legislation without the need to go through the full Parliamentary process.(ii) Statutory Instruments are the means through which government ministers introduce particular regulations under powers delegated to them by Parliament in enabling legislation.(iii) Bye-laws are the means through which local authorities and other public bodies can make legally binding rules and may be made under such enabling legislationThe use of delegated legislation has the following advantages:(i) Time-saving. Delegated legislation can be introduced quickly where necessary in particular cases and permits rules to be changed in response to emergencies or unforeseen problems. The use of delegated legislation, also saves Parliamentary time generally. It is generally considered better for Parliament to spend its time in a thorough consideration of the principles of enabling legislation, leaving the appropriate minister, or body, to establish the working detail under their authority.(ii) Access to particular expertise. Given the highly specialised and extremely technical nature of many of the regulations that are introduced through delegated legislation, the majority ofMembers of Parliament simply do not have sufficient expertise to consider such provisions effectively. It is necessary therefore, that those authorised to introduce delegated legislation should have access to the external expertise required to make appropriate regulations. In regard to bye-laws, local knowledge should give rise to more appropriate rules than general Acts of Parliament.(iii) Flexibility. The use of delegated legislation permits ministers to respond on an ad hoc basis to particular problems as and when they arise.There are, however, some disadvantages in the prevalence of delegated legislation:(i)Accountability. A key issue involved in the use of delegated legislation concerns the question of accountability. Parliament is presumed to be the source of statute law, but with respect to delegated legislation government ministers, and the civil servants who work under them to produce the detailed provisions, are the real source of the legislation. As a consequence, it is sometimes suggested that the delegated legislation procedure gives more power than might be thought appropriate to such un-elected individuals.(ii) Bulk. Given the sheer mass of such legislation, both Members of Parliament, and the general public, face difficulty in keeping abreast of delegated legislation.These potential shortcomings in the use of delegated legislation are, at least to a degree, mitigated by the fact that specific controls have been established to oversee it.(i) Parliamentary control over delegated legislation.Power to make delegated legislation is ultimately dependent upon the authority of Parliament. Parliament, therefore, retains general control over the procedure for enacting such law. New regulations in the form of delegated legislation are required to be laid before Parliament. (ii) Judicial control of delegated legislation.A validly enacted piece of delegated legislation has the same legal force and effect as the Act of Parliament under which it is enacted; but equally it only has effect to the extent that its enabling Act authorises it. Consequently, it is possible for delegated legislation to be challenged, through the procedure of judicial review, on the basis that the person or body to whom Parliament has delegated its authority has acted in a way that exceeds the limited powers delegated to them or has failed to follow the appropriate procedure set down in the enabling legislation. Any provision made in this way is said to be ultra vires and is void. Additional powers have been given to the courts under the Human Rights Act 1998 with respect to delegated legislation.Section 4 of the HRA expressly states that the courts cannot declare primary legislation invalid as being contrary to the rights protected by the Act and limits them to issuing a declaration of incompatibility in such circumstances. It is then for Parliament to act on such a declaration to remedy any shortcoming in the law if it so wishes.However, such limitation does not apply to secondary legislation, which the courts can now declare invalid on the grounds of not being compatible with the HRA. Orders in Council are treated as primary legislation for this purpose.2.Contractual terms, are statements which form part of the contract. Parties to a contract will normally be bound to perform any promise that they have agreed to and failure to perform will lead to an action for breach of contract, although the precise nature of the remedy will depend upon the nature of the promise broken. Some statements do not form part of a contract, even though they might have induced the other party to enter into the contract. These pre-contractual statementsare called representations.The consequences of such representations being false is an action for misrepresentation not an action for breach of contract, and leads to different remedies. It is important, therefore, to decide precisely what promises are included in the contract. Once it is decided that a statement is a term, rather than merely a pre-contractual representation, it is further necessary to decide which type of term it is, in order to determine what remedies are available for its breach. Terms can be classified as one of three types.a) ConditionsA condition is a fundamental part of the agreement – it is something which goes to the root of the contract. Breach of a condition gives the injured party the right either to terminate the contract and refuse to perform their part of it, or to go through with the agreement and sue for damages. The classic case in relation to breach of condition is Poussard v Spiers & Pond (1876) in which the plaintiff had contracted with the defendants to sing in an opera they were producing. Due to illness she was unable to appear on the first night, or for some nights thereafter. When Mme Poussard recovered, the defendants refused her services as they had hired a replacement for the whole run of the opera. It was held that her failure to appear on the opening night had beena breach of a condition, and the defendants were at liberty to treat the contract as discharged.b) WarrantiesA warranty is a subsidiary obligation which is not vital to the overall agreement, and in relation to which failure to perform does not totally destroy the whole purpose of the contract. Breach of a warranty does not give the right to terminate the agreement. The injured party has to complete their part of the agreement, and can only sue for damages. As regards warranties, the classic case is Bettini v Gye (1876) in which the plaintiff had contracted with the defendants to complete a number of engagements. He had also agreed to be in London for rehearsals six days before his opening performance. Due to illness, however, he only arrived three days before the opening night, and the defendants refused his services. On this occasion it was held that there was only a breach of warranty. The defendants were entitled to damages, but could not treat the contract as discharged.c) Innominate terms In this case, the remedy is not prescribed in advance simply by whether the term breached is a condition or a warranty, but depends on the consequence of the breach.If the breach deprives the innocent party of ‘substantially the whole benefit of the contract’, then the right to repudiate will be permitted; even if the term might otherwise appear to be a mere warranty.If, however, the innocent party does not lose ‘substantially the whole benefit of the contract’, then they will not be permitted to repudiate but must settle for damages, even if the term might otherwise appear to be a condition.3.(a) Section 1 of the Partnership Act 1890 which governs ordinary partnerships states that partnership is the relationship which subsists between persons carrying on a business in common with a view to profit. Ordinary partnerships do not benefit from any limitation on the liability of the various partners. Consequently the individual members of a partnership are jointly and severally liable for the debts of the partnership to the full extent of their personal wealth. This applies equally to sleeping partners who take no active part in the day to day operation of the partnership business. Outsiders have the choice of taking action against the firm collectively or against the individual partners. Where damages are recovered from one partner only, the otherpartners are under a duty to contribute equally to the amount paid.(b) The Limited Partnership Act 1907 allows for the formation of limited partnerships. For members of a partnership to gain the benefit of limited liability under this legislation, the following rules apply:– limited partners are not liable for partnership debts beyond the extent of their capital contribution, but in the ordinary course of events they are not permitted to remove their capital; – at least one of the partners must retain full, that is, unlimited, liability for the debts of the partnership;– a partner with limited liability is not permitted to take part in the management of the business enterprise and cannot usually bind the partnership in any transaction. If a partner acts in contravention of this rule they will lose the right to limited liability;– the partnership must be registered with the Companies Registry.(c) Limited Liability PartnershipsAs has already been seen the main shortcoming with regard to the standard partnership is the lack of limited liability for its members. The Limited Liability Partnership Act 2000 provides fora new form of business entity, the limited liability partnership. Although stated to be a partnership, the new form is a corporation, with a distinct legal existence apart from its members. As such it will have the ability– to hold property in its own right– to sue and be sued in its own name.It will have perpetual succession and consequently alterations in its membership will not have any effect on its existence.Most importantly however, the new legal entity will allow its members to benefit from limited liability in that they will not be liable for more than the amount they have agreed to contribute to its capital.4.a)Except in relation to specifically exempted companies, such as those involved in charitable work, companies are required to indicate that they are operating on the basis of limited liability. Thus private companies are required to end their names, either with the word ‘limited’ or the abbreviation ‘ltd’, and public companies must end their names with the words ‘public limited company’ or the abbreviation ‘plc’.Although there is no longer an official Business Names Registry, the Registrar of companies maintains a register of business names, and will refuse to register any company with a name that is the same as one already on that index (CA 85 s.26(c)). This control is less rigorous than that exercised under the previous legislation and has led to an increase in the use of the tort of ‘passing off’, as a means of protecting the goodwill attached to particular business names.Certain categories of names are, subject to the decision of the Secretary of State, unacceptable per se, as follows:– names which in the opinion of the Secretary of State constitute a criminal offence. As an example, it is illegal for non-designated businesses to claim to be banks, but the powers of the Secretary of State are wide enough to control names which might be considered as inciting race hatred. – names which in the opinion of the Secretary of State are offensive– names which are likely to give the impression that the company is connected with either government or local government authorities (s.26(2)(a).Under s.28 of the Companies Act 1985 the Secretary of State has power to require a company to alter its name under the following circumstances:– where it is the same as a name already on the Registrar’s index of company names.– where it is ‘too like’ a name that is on that index.Although a company’s name must not be the same as any already registered (s.26 CA), the Business Names Act 1985 does not prevent one business from using the same, or a very similar, name as another business. However, the tort of passing off prevents one person from using any name which is likely to divert business their way by suggesting that the business is actually that of some other person or is connected in any way with that other business. It thus enables people to protect the goodwill they have built up in relation to their business activity.b) A promoter is a person who exercises some control over the affairs of the company both before and after it is formed up until the process of formation is completed. The following are typical acts which promoters perform – taking the procedural steps necessary to form a company, inviting other persons to become directors and issuing a prospectus. A person is not to be treated as a promoter of a company simply on the basis that they act in a professional capacity with respect to the establishment of a company. Thus solicitors and accountants employed purely in their professional capacity in order to establish a company will not be considered to be promoters. As with directors, so promoters are said to be in a fiduciary relationship with the company they are establishing. This is a position akin to that of a trustee and the most important consequence that flows from it is that the promoter is not entitled to make a profit from establishing the company, without full disclosure of that profit to either an independent board of directors, or to the existing and prospective shareholders in the company. Such a situation usually arises in situations where the promoters sell assets to the company they are in the process of forming. Failure to make such a disclosure will enable the company to: rescind the contract; claim damages or hold the promoter liable to account for any profit made.Although problems in relation to the promotion of companies have been greatly diminished by the introduction of rigorous rules relating to the provision of information in company prospectuses, nevertheless the Company Directors Disqualification Act 1986 also provides for the disqualification of anyone who has been convicted of an indictable offence in relation to the promotion or formation of a company.panies ordinarily raise the money they need to finance their operations through the issue of share capital, but it is equally common for companies to raise additional capital through borrowing. The essential difference between share capital and loan capital is that whereas the share represents a proportionate interest in the business and constitutes the shareholder a member of the company, the lender, even where they hold loan-stock, remains a creditor of the company rather than a member. Such borrowing on the part of the company does not give the lender any interest in the company but represents a claim against the company. The relationship between company and the provider of loan capital is the ordinary relationship of debtor/creditor(a) DebenturesA debenture is a document which acknowledges the fact that a company has borrowed money. The use of the term debenture, however, has been extended to cover the loan itself. A debenture may be issued to a single creditor or to a large number of peopleAs creditors of the company, debenture holders receive interest on their loans and are entitled to receive payment whether the company is profitable or not.Debentures which have no security are referred to as ‘unsecured loan stock’. It is usual, however, for debentures to provide security for the amount loaned. Security means that if the company is wound up, the secured creditor will have priority in terms of repayment over any unsecured creditor. There are two types of security for company loans:(b) Fixed chargeIn this situation a specific asset of the company is made subject to a charge in order to secure a debt. Once the asset is subject to the fixed charge the company cannot dispose of it without the consent of the debenture holders. The asset most commonly subject to fixed charges is land, although any other long-term capital asset may also be charged.It would not be appropriate, however, to give a fixed charge against stock in trade as the company would be prevented from freely dealing with it without the prior approval of the debenture holders. Such a situation would obviously prevent the company from carrying on its day to day business. If the company fails to honor the commitments set out in the document creating the debenture, such as meeting its interest payments, the debenture holders can appoint a receiver who will if necessary sell the asset charged to recover the money owed. If the value of the asset that is subject to the charge is greater than the debt against which it is charged then the excess goes to pay off the rest of the company’s debts. If it is less than the value of the debt secured then the debenture holders will become unsecured creditors for the amount remaining outstanding.(c) Floating chargeThe floating charge does not attach to any specific property whilst the company is meeting its requirements as stated in the debenture document. The security is provided by all the property owned by the company, some of which may be continuously changing, such as stock in trade. Thus, in contrast to the fixed charge, the use of the floating charge permits the company to deal with its property without the need to seek the approval of the debenture holders. However, if the company commits some act of default, such as not meeting its interest payments, or going into liquidation, the floating charge is said to crystallise. This means that the floating charge becomes a fixed equitable charge over the assets detailed, and their value may be realised in order to pay the debt owed to the floating charge holder.All charges, including both fixed and floating, have to be registered with the Companies’ Registry within 21 days of their creation. Failure to register the charge as required has the effect of making the charge void, i.e. ineffective, against any other creditor, or the liquidator of the company. The charge, however, remains valid against the company, which means in effect that the holder of the charge loses their priority as against other company creditors. In addition to registration at the Companies’ Registry, companies are required to maintain a register of all charges on their property. Although a failure to comply with this requirement constitutes an offence, it does not invalidate the charge.6.a) The annual general meeting. By virtue of s.366 of CA 1985, every company is required to hold an annual general meeting (AGM) every calendar year; subject to a maximum period of 15 months. If a company fails to hold an AGM then any member may apply to the Secretary of State to calla meeting in default. The business conducted at AGMs tends to be routine such as the re-election。
12月ACCA考试F1会计师与企业模拟试题（1）Section A–BOTH questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted1 Doric Co,a listed company,has two manufacturing divisions:parts and fridges.It has been manufacturing parts for domestic refrigeration and air conditioning systems for a number of years,which it sells to producers of fridges and air conditioners worldwide.It also sells around 50% of the parts it manufactures to its fridge production division.It started producing and selling its own brand of fridges a few years ago.After limited initial success,competition in the fridge market became very tough and revenue and profits have been declining.Without further investment there are currently few growth prospects in either the parts or the fridge divisions.Doric Co borrowed heavily to finance the development and launch of its fridges,and has now reached its maximum overdraft limit.The markets have taken a pessimistic view of the company and its share price has declined to 50c per share from a high of $2.85 per share around three years ago.Extracts from the most recent financial statements:A survey from the refrigeration and air conditioning parts market has indicated that there is potential for Doric Co to manufacture parts for mobile refrigeration units used in cargo planes and containers.If this venture goes ahead then the parts division before-tax profits are expected to grow by 5% per year.The proposed venture would need an initial one-off investment of $50 million.Suggested proposalsThe Board of Directors has arranged for a meeting to discuss how to proceed and is considering each of the following proposals:1.To cease trading and close down the company entirely.2.To undertake corporate restructuring in order to reduce the level of debt and obtain the additional capital investment required to continue current operations.5.To close the fridge division and continue the parts division through a leveraged management buy-out,involving some executive directors and managers from the parts division.The new company will then pursue its original parts business as well as the development of the parts for mobile refrigeration business,described above.All the current and long-term liabilities will be initially repaid using the proceeds from the sale of the fridge division.The finance raised from the management buy-out will pay for any remaining liabilities,the additional capital investment required to continue operations and re-purchase the shares at a premium of 20%.The following information has been provided for each proposal:Cease tradingCorporate restructuringThe existing ordinary shares will be cancelled and ordinary shareholders will be issued with 40 million new $1 ordinary shares in exchange for a cash payment at par.The existing unsecured bonds will be cancelled and replaced with 270 million of $1 ordinary shares.The bond holders will contribute $90 million in cash.All the shares will be listed and traded.The bank overdraft will be converted into a secured ten-year loan with a fixed annual interest rate of 7%.The other unsecured loans will be repaid.In addition to this,the directors of the restructured company will get 4 million $1 share options for an exercise price of $1.10,which will expire in four years.An additional one-off capital investment of $80 million in machinery and equipment is necessary to increase sales revenue for both divisions by 7%,with no change to the costs.After the one-off 7% growth,sales will continue at the new level for the foreseeable future.It is expected that the Doric's cost of capital rate will reduce by 550 basis points following the restructuring from the current rate.Management buy-outThe parts division is half the size of the fridge division in terms of the assets and liabilities attributable to it.If the management buy-out proposal is chosen,a pro rata additional capital investment will be made to machinery and equipment on a one-off basis to increase sales revenue of the parts division by 7%.Sales revenue will then continue at the new level for the foreseeable future.All liabilities categories have equal claim for repayment against the company's assets.It is expected that Doric's cost of capital rate will decrease by 100 basis points following the management buy-out from the current rate.The following additional information has been provided:Redundancy and other costs will be approximately $54 million if the whole company is closed,and pro rata for individual divisions that are closed.These costs have priority for payment before any other liabilities in case of closure.The taxation effects relating to this may be ignored.Corporation tax on profits is 20% and losses cannot be carried forward for tax purposes.Assume that tax is payable in the year incurred.All the non-current assets,including land and buildings,are eligible for tax allowable depreciation of 15% annually on the book values.The annual reinvestment needed to keep operations at their current levels is roughly equivalent to the tax allowable depreciation.The $50 million investment in the mobile refrigeration business is not eligible for any tax allowable depreciation.Doric's current cost of capital is 12%.Required:Prepare a report for the Board of Directors,evaluating the financial andnon-financial impact of all the three proposals to Doric Co's main stakeholder groups,that includes:(i)An estimate of the return the debt holders and shareholders would receive in the event that Doric Co ceases trading and is closed down.(5 marks)(ii)An estimate of the income position and the value of Doric Co in the event that the restructuring proposal is selected.State any assumptions made.(8 marks)(iii)An estimate of the amount of additional finance needed and the value of Doric Co if the management buy-out proposal is selected.State any assumptions made.(8 marks)(iv)A discussion of the impact of each proposal on the existing shareholders,the unsecured bond holders,and the executive directors and managers involved in the management buy-out.Suggest which proposal is likely to be selected.(12 marks)Professional marks will be awarded in question 1 for the appropriateness and format of the report.(4 marks)(55 marks)2 Fubuki Co,an unlisted company based in Megaera,has been manufacturing electrical parts used in mobility vehicles for people with disabilities and the elderly,for many years.These parts are exported to various manufacturers worldwide but at present there are no local manufacturers of mobility vehicles inMegaera.Retailers in Megaera normally import mobility vehicles and sell them at an average price of $4,000 each.Fubuki Co wants to manufacture mobility vehicles locally and believes that it can sell vehicles of equivalent quality locally at a discount of 57.5% to the current average retail price.Although this is a completely new venture for Fubuki Co,it will be in addition to the company's core business.Fubuki Co's directors expect to develop the project for a period of four years and then sell it for $16 million to a private equity firm.Megaera'sgovernment has been positive about the venture and has offered Fubuki Co a subsidised loan of up to 80% of the investment funds required,at a rate of 200 basis points below Fubuki Co's borrowing rate.Currently Fubuki Co can borrow at 500 basis points above the five-year government debt yield rate.A feasibility study commissioned by the directors,at a cost of $250,000,has produced the following information.1.Initial cost of acquiring suitable premises will be $11 million,and plant and machinery used in the manufacture will cost $5 million.Acquiring the premises and installing the machinery is a quick process and manufacturing can commence almost immediately.2.It is expected that in the first year 1,500 units will be manufactured and sold.Unit sales will grow by 40% in each of the next two years before falling to an annual growth rate of 5% for the final year.After the first year the selling price per unit is expected to increase by 5% per year.5.In the first year,it is estimated that the total direct material,labour and variable overheads costs will be $1,200 per unit produced.After the first year,the direct costs are expected to increase by an annual inflation rate of 8%.4.Annual fixed overhead costs would be $2.5 million of which 60% are centrally allocated overheads.The fixed overhead costs will increase by 5% per year after the first year.5.Fubuki Co will need to make working capital available of 15% of the anticipated sales revenue for the year,at the beginning of each year.The working capital is expected to be released at the end of the fourth year when the project is sold.Fubuki Co's tax rate is 25% per year on taxable profits.Tax is payable in the same year as when the profits are earned.Tax allowable depreciation is available on the plant and machinery on a straight-line basis.It is anticipated that the value attributable to the plant and machinery after four years is $400,000 of the price at which the project is sold.No tax allowable depreciation is available on the premises.Fubuki Co uses 8% as its discount rate for new projects but feels that this rate may not be appropriate for this new type of investment.It intends to raise the full amount of funds through debt finance and take advantage of the government's offer of a subsidised loan.Issue costs are 4% of the gross finance required.It can be assumed that the debt capacity available to the company is equivalent to the actual amount of debt finance raised for the project.Although no other companies produce mobility vehicles in Megaera,Haizum Co,a listed company,produces electrical-powered vehicles using similar technology tothat required for the mobility vehicles.Haizum Co's cost of equity is estimated to be 14% and it pays tax at 28%.Haizum Co has 15 million shares in issue trading at $2.55 each and $40 million bonds trading at $94.88 per $100.The five-year government debt yield is currently estimated at 4.5% and the market risk premium at 4%.Required:(a)Evaluate,on financial grounds,whether Fubuki Co should proceed with the project.(17 marks)(b)Discuss the appropriateness of the evaluation method used and explain any assumptions made in part(a)above.(8 marks)(25 marks)。
2023年ACCA考试F1真题及答案为了帮助准备ACCA考试的学生更好地备考，我们特别整理了2023年ACCA考试F1的真题及答案。
请注意，以下内容仅供参考和学习使用。
第一部分：2023年ACCA考试F1真题试卷一：ACCA F1 Financial Reporting and TaxationSection A - 选择题（共30分）1. XYZ 公司的现金流量报表中，下列项目属于现金流入的是：（A）销售商品收到的现金（B）购买固定资产支付的现金（C）取得长期贷款收到的现金（D）支付利润税款的现金2. 在现金流量报表中，投资活动的主要内容是：（A）经营性投资（B）筹资性投资（C）经济性投资（D）投机性投资3. ABC 公司在报告期内遭受亏损，亏损产生的主要原因是：（A）销售收入减少（B）成本费用增加（C）营运资金减少（D）折旧费用减少......Section B - 简答题（共70分）1. 问题：请简要解释远期汇率合同的基本原理。
答案：远期汇率合同是一种外汇交易形式，约定在未来某一特定日期以约定的汇率进行货币兑换。
它允许交易双方在未来锁定特定的汇率，以避免由于汇率波动所带来的风险。
2. 问题：简述巴鲁克公司如何应对经济衰退对其业务的影响。
答案：面对经济衰退，巴鲁克公司可以采取一些措施来应对。
首先，他们可以进行成本削减，减少不必要的开支，以保持盈利能力。
其次，他们可以寻找新的市场机会，例如拓展国际市场或开发新产品。
此外，他们还可以优化供应链，提高效率，降低生产成本。
最后，巴鲁克公司应加强财务管理，合理规划资金运作，确保资金的流动性和稳定性。
......第二部分：2023年ACCA考试F1答案Section A - 选择题1. 答案：（A）销售商品收到的现金2. 答案：（B）筹资性投资3. 答案：（B）成本费用增加......Section B - 简答题1. 答案：远期汇率合同的基本原理是约定未来某一特定日期以预先确定的汇率进行货币兑换的外汇交易方式。
第1章 ACCA F1-F3模拟题及解析（1）1. Which of the followings belongs to UK Equal Opportunity legislation?i） Disable person 1944 ＆ 1958ii） Equal pay Actiii）Rehabilitation of offender Activ）Health and Safety at work 1974v） Employment Act 2002A. i) ii) iii) v)B. i) iii) iv)C. i) ii) iii) iv)D. All above2.A combination of unacceptably high unemployment and unacceptably high inflation is call________. Which one of followings can complete the sentence?A. InflationB. DeflationC. DepressionD. Stagflation3. Which one of the followings is NOT the suitable solution for clearing with balance of payment deficit?A.Depreciation of currencyB. Import quotas and tariffC.Reduce to domestic demandD. Increase to domestic demand4. Inflation can have negative effect on macro-economic.A. TrueB. False5. Fiscal economic policy refer to government use___; ___to influence the aggregate demand .Monetary policy refer to government use___; ___; ___to influence the aggregate demand.A. Taxation, Government spending, Exchange rate, Money supply. Interest rateB. Money supply, Interest rate, Taxation, Government spending, Exchange rate.C. Exchange rate, Interest rate, Government spending, Money supply, TaxationD. Government spending, Money supply, Interest rate, Exchange rate, Taxation6. Which one of followings is NOT a main accounting function in an organization?A.Financial accounting for external reporting purposes.B.Internal audit function for checking the control systemC.Management accounting and cost accounting.D.Financial management for fund rising and investment appraisal.7. Which one of followings is NOT the purpose of the internal control system?A.Safeguard assets prevent and detect frauds and errors.B.To provide the timely and accurate management information for effective operation of company.C.To make sure company will going concern forever.D.To make sure the quality of financial statement for external reporting purposes.8. Which one of following is NOT the computer input control?A.Pre-listB.Control totalC.Post-listD.Hush total9. Which one of the following is NOT the purpose of good corporate governance?A.Balance to power of the board of directorsB.Increase to transparent of management informationC.Make sure company emphasis on internal control system.D.Make sure the directors have a high quality career development.10.The member of nomination committee, remuneration committee and audit committee are mainly consisting the majority of non-executive directors.A. TrueB. False11.Which one of the followings is NOT the type of Handy’s four types of culture?A. Power cultureB. Power distanceC. Person cultureD. Role culture12.Which one of the following are components of Mintzberg’s organization configurations.i) Strategic apexii) Middle lineiii) Operating coreiv) Firm infrastructurev) Technology developmentvi) Techno-structureA. i) ii) iii) v)B. i) ii) iii) vi)C. i) iii) v)D. All above13. The informal organization fills the gap left by formal organization.A. TrueB. False14.Which one of the followings is NOT preventive control?A.Check the credit rating before issue the sale orderB.Two signatures required before issue a payment documentC.Preparation of bank reconciliation statementD.Input control such as password and reasonable check.15.Types of system Types of decisionsM I S Un-structuredE S S StructuredD S S Semi-structureO A S Word-process(Question 15 is not the ACCA paper F1 exam style question, only for knowledge testing purposes)16.Which one of the followings is NOT the procedure related to selection?A. Induction programB. Sorting and short-listing the CandidatesC. Selection interviewD. Job advertisement17. Which one of followings is NOT the characteristic related to informal organization?rmal communicate referred to “grapevine”rmal working style referred to “short-cut”rmal membership referred to “cliques and buddies”rmal leadership referred to “legitimate and position power”18. Which one of followings is NOT the fundamental principle of ACCA Code of Ethics and Conduct?A. Professional competence and due careB. ConfidentialityC. ObjectivityD. Independence19. Span of control refers to number of subordinates reporting to their superior.A. TrueB. False20. Scalar chain refers to chain of authority running from the top of the organization hierarchyto the bottom.A. TrueB. False21. Which one of the followings is NOT the factor which can influence the span of control?A. The nature of manager’s work loadB. Time consuming problemsC. The ability of manager’sD. Centralization or decentralization22. Which of the followings factors can shape the culture of an organization?ⅰ) organization founder and his beliefsⅱ) organization history, stories, rituals and norms legitimatizedⅲ) organization’s environmentⅳ) past and preceding management leadershipⅴ) HR policy and staff turnoverA.ⅰ) ⅱ) ⅲ)B.ⅰ) ⅱ) ⅲ) ⅳ)C.ⅰ) ⅱ) ⅴ)D. All above23. Which of the following areas should the UK equal opportunity legislation cover?A. When recruitment and selectionB. When training, promoting and appraisalC. When leaving the organizationD. All above24. The term of bribery is same as grease money.A. TrueB. False25. Which one of the following is NOT the component of primary activities according to Michael Porter’s value chain?A. ProcurementB. In bound logisticC. OperationD. Outbound logistics26.Type of unemploymentDefinitionsReal wage Time to match jobFictional Cycles of economyStructural Industry structure changeCyclical of demand Trade union or minimum wages(Question 26 is not the ACCA paper F1 exam style question, only for knowledge testing purposes)27. Which one of the followings is NOT the function of management according to Fayol’s theory?A. PlanningB. OrganizingC. Co-CoordinatingD. Decision making28. Which one of the following is NOT the feature of Talyor’s scientific management theory?A. Work study techniquesB. Planning and doing were separatedC. Job itself can be a motivating factorD. Job were micro-designed29. Which one of followings is NOT the element in Minizberg’s manager roles theory?A. CommunicationalB. InformationalC. InterpersonalD. Decisional30. Contingency management theory can be defined as "There is no one right way to lead that will fit all situation”.A.TrueB. False试题答案：1. 【答案】A2. 【答案】D3. 【答案】D4. 【答案】B5. 【答案】A6. 【答案】B7. 【答案】C8. 【答案】C9. 【答案】D10. 【答案】A11. 【答案】B12. 【答案】B13. 【答案】B14. 【答案】C15. 【答案】refers to notes16. 【答案】D17. 【答案】D18. 【答案】D19. 【答案】B20. 【答案】A21. 【答案】22. 【答案】D23. 【答案】D24. 【答案】B25. 【答案】A26. 【答案】refers to notes27. 【答案】D28. 【答案】C29. 【答案】A30. 【答案】A参与ACCA考试的考生可按照复习计划有效进行，另外高顿网校官网ACCA考试辅导高清课程已经开通，还可索取ACCA考试通关宝典，针对性地讲解、训练、答疑、模考，对学习过程进行全程跟踪、分析、指导，可以帮助考生全面提升复习备考效果。
Accountant in BusinessMock ExaminationSECTION AALL 46 questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted1. Which of the following is a responsibility of a mentor? A. To show a trainee how to perform tasks B. To be a role model for an employeeC. To help others to explore their own problems(1 mark)2. ........................................ taxes are collected by the Revenue authority from a business, which attempts to pass on the tax to consumers in the price of goods. Which word correctly completes this statement? A. Progressive B. Direct C. Indirect(1 mark)3. The finance director of JLX Co is an ACCA member. He has been asked to pay a bribe to secure a contract in a country in which bribery is commonplace. Which of the following statement is correct?A. The bribe is unacceptable because a professional accountant should not behave in an unethical wayB. The bribe should be paid because it is in the interests of the companyC. The bribe is acceptable because it is normal business practice in the country(1 mark)4. Charles, an accountant, suspects Lin, a client, of money laundering. By warning Lin that he intends making a report to the appropriate authority, Charles is committing an offence. Is the statement true or false? A. FALSE B. TRUE(1 mark)5. Which TWO of the following are characteristics of a relativist approach to ethics? A. What is right in one situation may not be right in another B. Ethics are linked to cultural beliefsC. There is a set of moral rules which are always right(1 mark)6. The meaning of a message can be lost at the coding and decoding stages. What is the name given to this process? A. Distortion B. Noise C. Feedback(1 mark)高顿财经A CC A7. Non-executive directors should have no business, financial or other connection with the company, apart from fees and shareholdings.Is this statement true or false? A. TRUE B. FALSE(1 mark)8. Which of the following brings together individuals with different competencies and specialisms? A. Functional teams B. Virtual teamsC. Multi-disciplinary teams(1 mark)9. In the context of data security controls, ........................................ are records showing who has accessed a computer system and what operations he or she has performed. Which word or phrase correctly completes this definition? A. Passwords B. Audit trails C. Archives(1 mark)10. Which of the following are responsible for taking positive steps to detect and prevent fraud in a company? A. The external auditors B. The executive directors C. The shareholders(1 mark)11. Positive discrimination is the process of taking active steps to encourage people from disadvantaged groups to apply for jobs and training and to compete for vacancies. Is the above statement true or false? A. TRUE B. FALSE(1 mark)12. Do personal development plans incorporate a wide set of developmental opportunities? A. Yes B. No(1 mark)13. The executives of BBB Company have observed that their colleagues in country A are aggressive in the pursuit of their targets, highly competitive with one another and focused on the material rewards of their work. By contrast, their colleagues in country B are more team orientated, protective of one another and focused on achieving goals to the mutual benefit of all.These observations relate to which of Hofstede ’s cultural dimensions? A. Power-distanceB. Uncertainty-avoidanceC. Masculinity-femininity(1 mark)高顿财经A CC A14. What is the term given to a method of fraud in the accounts receivable area, by which cash or cheque receipts are stolen, and the theft concealed by setting subsequent receipts against the outstanding debt? A. CollusionB. MisrepresentationC. Teeming and lading(1 mark)15. Job evaluation puts a relative value on jobs primarily on the basis of which of the following factors? A. EquityB. Job contentC. Market rates of pay(1 mark)16. Which of the following is not a purpose of performance appraisal? A. Job evaluationB. Identification of training needsC. Succession planning(1 mark)17. A company has advertised for staff who must be at least 1·88 metres tall and have been in continuous full-time employment for at least five years.Which of the following is the legal term for this practice? A. Indirect discrimination B. Direct discrimination C. VictimisationD. Implied discrimination(2 mark)18. Which of the following organisations would be best able to adopt a wide span of control in its structure? A. A factory in which many workers are employed to carry out homogeneous tasks B. A university offering degree programmes in all arts and science disciplinesC. A call centre in which multi-skilled workers are employed to carry out a wide variety of tasksD. A hospital offering general care, outpatient services and accident and emergency services(2 mark)19. Janet is a member of a project group. She is highly knowledgeable and considered by her colleagues to be rather intellectual and strategic in her approach. Janet demonstrates great intuition when dealing with problems sometimes adopting unorthodox but effective methods. However some of the team regard her as detached and uncommunicative, and she can sometimes disregard practical details without explanation. According to Belbin's team roles theory Janet is an example of which of the following? A. PlantB. Monitor-evaluatorC. Resource investigatorD. Shaper(2 mark)20. Which TWO of the following are examples of connected stakeholders? A. Executive directors B. Employees C. LendersD. Shareholders(2 mark)高顿财经A CC A21. The research and development (R & D) function of a business: (i) is primarily concerned with market research(ii) can improve existing products as well as developing completely new products(iii) has been less important for firms manufacturing computers to meet an industry standard than for those firms developing the next generation of computers(iv) is always undertaken under contract by specialist external consultancies Which of the above statements are correct? A. (i) and (ii) only B. (ii) and (iii) only C. (i), (iii) and (iv) only D. (ii) and (iv) only(2 mark)22. Which of the following supports the marketing function by analysing and projecting the costs and revenues of a new product and assessing the overall implications of introducing the product for the organisation? A. Financial controller B. Financial accountant C. Management accountant D. Treasury manager(2 mark)23. Which of the following should take place first when implementing a performance appraisal system? A. Setting the criteria for assessmentB. Agreeing on how performance and rewards will be linkedC. Deciding on a common approach to appraisal interviewsD. Training managers in effective interpersonal skills to be used in appraisal interviews(2 mark)24. Frida has attended a personal development programme on which she participated in an exercise based on the Blake and Mouton managerial grid. One conclusion of the exercise is that she demonstrates a '5.5' leadership style.What does the outcome of the exercise demonstrate?A. Frida is a team player and achieves a high level of harmony in the working group sometimes at the expenseof achieving resultsB. Frida balances the need to get the job done with the need to maintain the teamC. Frida optimises the effectiveness of her team by achieving the highest level of morale and taskaccomplishmentD. Frida is entirely focused on getting the job done and pays minimal attention to team maintenance needs(2 mark)25. Which of the following statements is correct in relation to the informal organisation?A. Communications through the informal organisation will always be slower than through formalcommunication channelsB. Rumours do not circulate through the informal organisationC. The informal organisation has only a negative effect on the organisation and its objectivesD. Individuals may communicate horizontally more effectively through the informal organization(2 mark)高顿财经A CC A26. BCD Co is a large trading company. Steve is the administration manager and is also responsible for legal and compliance functions. Sheila is responsible for after sales service and has responsibility for ensuring that customers who have purchased goods from BCD Co are fully satisfied. Sunny deals with suppliers and negotiates on the price and quality of inventory. He is also responsible for identifying the most appropriate suppliers of plant and machinery for the factory. Sam is the information technology manager and is responsible for all information systems within the company.According to Porter’s value chain, which of the managers is involved in a primary activity as opposed to a support activity? A. Steve B. Sheila C. Sunny D. Sam(2 mark)27. Which of the following are ‘on the job’ training methods? (i) Day-release (ii) Job rotation (iii) Coaching(iv) Temporary promotion A. Method (iii) onlyB. Methods (i) and (iii) onlyC. Methods (ii), (iii) and (iv) onlyD. Methods (i), (ii), (iii) and (iv)(2 mark)28. Martin is an experienced and fully trained shipbuilder, based in a western European city. Due to significant economic change in supply and demand conditions for shipbuilding in Martin’s own country, the shipyard he worked for has closed and he was made redundant. There was no other local demand for his skills within his own region and he would have to move to another country to obtain a similar employment, and could only find similar work locally through undertaking at least a year’s retraining in a related engineering field. Which of the following describes the type of unemployment that Martin has been affected by? A. Structural unemployment B. Cyclical unemployment C. Frictional unemployment D. Marginal unemployment(2 mark)29. Which of the following is not a technique of scientific management or Taylorism? A. Micro-design of jobsB. Work study techniques to establish efficient methodsC. Multi-skilled team workingD. Financial incentives(2 mark)高顿财经A CC A30. The finance director of a company is concerned that the company will not have sufficient cash available at the end of the month to pay the staff's wages unless he arranges an overdraft with the bank.Which of the following will be most useful to the finance director in working out whether he needs to arrange the overdraft?A. The most recent statement of profit or lossB. The statement of financial position at the end of the previous monthC. The current month's cash flow forecastD. The variance reports from the end of the previous month(2 mark)31. A government has forecast the following future trends. Which TWO of these are social and demographic trends?A. Increased demand for organic and environmentally friendly productsB. Significant increases in single person householdsC. Increased revenues from personal taxationD. Rapid increases in household incomes(2 mark)32. Peter is a newly appointed chief executive officer of a health organization. He finds that financial resources are insufficient meet demand for health care.Which of the following courses of action is the MOST appropriate in Peter ’s position?A. Establish a system which determines health care priorities and delivers health care according to thesepriorities within budgetB. Ignore the financial restrictions and continue to treat all patients according to needC. Treat all patients until financial resources are exhausted and then cease to provide health careD. Report information to a local newspaper and ask them to petition for increased resources(2 mark)33. Which TWO of the following are performed by procurement department in a business? A. Obtaining price quotationsB. Authorising customers ’ credit limitsC. Producing sales ordersD. Producing purchase orders(2 mark)34. Arthur, Brian, Carol, and Diane all work in the finance department of TBC Co. Arthur is responsible for maintaining the cash book, Brian prepares monthly budgets, Carol monitors internal control systems and Diane manages surplus funds.Which member of staff has a financial accounting role? A. Diane B. Arthur C. Brian D. Carol(2 mark)35. In relation to Maslow ’s hierarchy of needs, in which order are the following needs fulfilled? (1) Esteem (2) Safety (3) Social A. 1,2,3 B. 2,1,3 C. 2,3,1 D. 3,1,2高顿财经A CC A(2 mark)36. Which of the following describes the agency relationship in business? A. Stakeholders are the agents of managersB. Managers must accept the objectives set by stakeholdersC. Managers must consider the view of stakeholders when setting objectivesD. Stakeholders have no influence over business objectives(2 mark)37. Which TWO of the following statements are true? A. A manager should prioritise tasks B. Job analysis aids good managementC. Delegation is a sign of weak managementD. All goals must be expressed as quantities(2 mark)38. An organization has many layers, a narrow span of control and there is a presumption of logic and rationality. The organization is very large and operates in a stable competitive and regulatory environment. People and processes within the organization operate strictly by well established rules and procedures. Which cultural type of organization is being described in the above statement? A. Person culture B. Role culture C. Task culture D. Power culture(2 mark)39. Which of the following is a disadvantage of a large panel or selection board interview compared to individual or one-to-one interviews?A. A number of people see the candidate at one sittingB. Specialists can ask a questions about technical areas of the workC. Questions tend to be more varied and more randomD. There is less opportunity for personal rapport with the candidate(2 mark)40. Which TWO of the following are recommended as best practice with regard to remuneration committees? A. They should be staffed by executive directors who know about the day running of the business B. They should have no related interests other than as shareholdersC. They should determine specific remuneration package as well as general policy(2 mark)41. The currency in country X is the Krone while country Y uses the Euro. Country Y has recently experienced an increase in its exchange rate with Country X. Which of the following effects is likely to result in Country Y? A A stimulus to exports in Country YB An increase in the costs of imports from Country XC Reducing demand for imports from Country XD A reduction in the rate of cost push inflation(2 mark)高顿财经A CC A42. Which one of the following would cause the supply curve for a good to shift to the right (outwards from the origin)?A A fall in the price of the goodB An increase in the demand for the goodC A fall in production costs of the goodD The imposition of a minimum price(2 mark)43. If the absolute value of the price elasticity of demand for dry white wine is greater than one, a decrease in the price of all wine would result in:A A more than proportional decrease in the quantity of dry white wine purchasedB A less than proportional decrease in the quantity of dry white wine purchasedC A less than proportional increase in the quantity of dry white wine purchasedD A more than proportional increase in the quantity of dry white wine purchased(2 mark)44. Which of the following terms is not used by Mintzberg in his description of organisational structure? A Strategic apex B Support base C Technostructure D Operating core(2 mark)45. Some controls are provided automatically by the system and cannot be by-passed, ignored or overridden: for example, having to input a password to enter a computer system. These are classified as........................................ controls.Which term correctly completes this statement? A Detect B MandatedC Non-discretionaryD Administrative(2 mark)46. You have been asked to work on a major investment decision that your company will be making, and discover that your brother-in-law is the managing director of a firm that may benefit from the outcome of the decision. You have no intention of allowing this to influence the advice you give your firm, and you know that your brother-in-law will not try to influence you in any way.What professional quality would make you consider handing this task to a colleague, or otherwise raising questions with your superiors? A Scepticism B AccountabilityC Independence of mindD Independence in appearance(2 mark)高顿财经A CC ASECTION BALL SIX questions are compulsory and MUST be attempted1. The following diagrams represent changes in supply and demand conditions.Diagram A Diagram BDiagram C Diagram D(i)An increase in the costs of factors of production (ii)An increase in the prices of substitute goods(iii)The introduction of a new, more efficient production process(iv)A reduction in incomes of purchasers of the good(b) Indicate which TWO of the following statements are correct.A. If the demand for a product is perfectly elastic, the demand curve is verticalB. An illegal or unofficial market for goods is usually a consequence of an artificially imposed minimum priceC. In the long run, the supply curve is horizontalD. The supply curve for a product is the upward sloping section of the average cost curveE. A change in the price of a product causes a move along the demand curve(2 marks)2. YRT Co is a firm of external auditors which has Company W, Company X, Company Y and Company Z among its audit clients.Company W is currently being sued by one of its suppliers. YRT Co has offered legal services and will defend them in this legal case.The audit partner of Company X has been a member of the external audit team for the past 15 years and has good relationships with the senior management of Company X.The financial controller of Company Y is the daughter of the audit manager from YRT Co.高财CC ACompany Z does not have an experienced financial department and so YRT Co helps to prepare the financial statements of Company Z in advance of the external audit. The following are types of conflicts of interest: A Familiarity threat B Advocacy threat C Self-review threat D Self-interest threat(a) In the case of each of the following clients, which of the above conflicts of interest exists? (i) Company W (ii) Company X (iii) Company Y (iv) Company Z(2 marks)(b) Which of the following would give rise to a threat of intimidation? A Litigation against the external auditor by an audit client B Provision of taxation services as well as audit services C An audit partner is on the board of a client(1 mark)(c) Ethics are a set of that guide behaviour. Which of the following correctly fills the blank? A Legal guidelines B Moral principlesC Professional regulations(1 mark)3. Axel, Bo, Corey and Dagmar work in the finance department of Kett Co.Axel is responsible for summarising confirmed financial information from the nominal ledger and bringing it together to identify annual totals for revenue, expenditure and capital items in order to present finalised accounting information for circulation to shareholders. All of the figures have been checked for accuracy.Bo deals with hundreds of items of income and expenditure each day. Her job is to check the accuracy of the figures if there is any doubt about this. One time consuming aspect of her work is to decide how many sundry items are to be categorised for accounting purposes. This is because those who submit the figures sometimes provide unclear explanations, or no explanations at all, in respect of the income generated or expenditure incurred.Corey is a data input clerk who processes several thousand vouchers each day in order to put them into the accounting system.Dagmar deals with overdue accounts receivable and has to deal with reports from the sales department, categorising each client according to whether they can or cannot receive credit in the future. In serious cases he must decide whether they should be handed to external debt collection agencies.For each of the following functions identify which of the individuals are performing them.(4 marks)高顿财经A CC A. A: Recording financialinformationB: Codifying and processing financial informationC:Preparing financialstatementsAxelBoCoreyDagmar4. Here are four short references to the function of management:A There are essentially five functions of management that apply to any organisationB Individual and group behaviour at work is a major factor in productivity.C Management is the development of a true science of work.D The manager of a business has one basic function – economic performance. Required:(a) Identify the description above which is associated with each of the following theorists, by selecting A, B, C, D or None.(i) Peter Drucker (ii) Elton Mayo(iii) Henry Mintzberg (iv) F W TaylorNote: The total marks will be split equally between each part. (2 marks)(b) Below are listed five functions of management. A Planning B Organising C Managing D Monitoring E Motivating Required:Write down which two of the above are those functions identified by Fayol by selecting TWO of the letters from (A, B, C, D, E).(2 marks)5. Shaun likes to understand basic principles and take a hands-off approach based on logical argument. He wants to participate in a structured training programme which is run by teachers.Louise needs to work at her own pace and tends to be fairly slow and cautious in her learning.She likes to observe things, take time to think about them and then produces a carefully thoughtout conclusion. Susan only likes to study if she can see a link to a real practical problem. She likes to learn new techniquesthrough on-the-job training, but tends to discard good ideas which require some development to work properly. Tony is flexible and optimistic, but does not have any patience with theories. He wants to receive hands-on training and enjoys practical problems.Honey and Mumford classified the four following learning styles:高顿财经A CC AA TheoristsB ReflectorsC ActivistsD Pragmatists(a) For each of the following individuals, select the correct learning style from the list above: (i) Shaun (ii) Louise (iii) Susan (iv) Tony(2 marks)(b) Which TWO of the following are off-the-job training methods? A Job rotationB Computer-based trainingC Temporary promotionD DemonstrationE College courses(2 marks)6. Paul, Mary, Alan and Kate are having a board meeting of a newly formed company and they are discussing the orientation of the company.Paul believes that the company will actively need to persuade customers to buy their products.Mary believes they should add additional features to their products, without carrying out market research, and this will increase demand from customers.Alan believes the products will sell as they are and the company should produce as many items as it can. Kate believes that they should research what customers need and value and adapt the products to meet the findings of the research.The following are types of orientation of a company A Production orientation B Product orientation C Sales orientationD Marketing orientation(a) For each board member, select the orientation they are recommending. (i) Paul (ii) Mary (iii) Alan (iv) Kate(2 marks)(b) Breaking up the market into different groups, which each have common needs, wants and preferences is known asWhich of the options below correctly fills the blank? A Undifferentiated marketing B Marketing mix C Mass marketingD Market segmentation(2 marks)高顿财经A CC A。
