英文科技论文写作
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英文科技论文写作技巧大全英文科技论文的基本格式•Title•Author(s)•Affiliation(s) and address(es) •Abstract•Keywords•Introduction •Experimental •Results and discussion •Conclusion (Summary;Concluding remarks) •Appendix (Abbreviation)•Acknowledgement •References2.基本要求(1)Title长短适中,概括性强,重点突出,一目了然。
(2)Author(s)姓氏和名字要容易弄清楚,以免发生以名代姓。
(3)Affiliation(s) and address(es)准确清楚,使读者能按所列信息顺利地与作者联系。
(4)Abstract不宜太详尽,也不宜太简短,应将论文的研究体系、主要方法、重要发现、主要结论等,简明扼要地加以概括。
不要将结论与提要重复使用。
(5)Introduction说明本研究的目的意义。
归纳与本研究密切相关的前人研究结果及有关文献,指出本研究与前人研究的不同之处。
说明本论文要解决的问题及方法、手段等。
不宜将本论文的结果在“绪论”中叙述。
(6)Experimental叙述主要的实验过程、方法、仪器设备、试剂来源及规格等。
不宜将实验结果在“实验部分”中叙述。
(7)Results and discussion是论文的核心部分,要求:–数据及图表的内容及含义交代清楚,有条理;–对数据及现象的归纳、演绎、解释、立论要有逻辑性、自洽性。
–语句要准确、流畅、多样化,不宜重复使用相同的句型和词汇。
(8)Conclusion (Summary, Concluding remarks)简明扼要地归纳出本论文的新发现、新观点、新理论等。
不宜将“结果及讨论”部分的语句直接抄录作为结论。
(9)References要按所投杂志规定的格式准确书写。
科技英文作文30字
英文,Technology has greatly impacted our lives. For example, smartphones have become an essential part of our daily routine. We use them to communicate with others, navigate our way around, and even make purchases. Additionally, the internet has opened up a world of information and opportunities. We can learn new skills, connect with people from all over the world, and access entertainment with just a few clicks. However, technology also has its downsides, such as addiction and privacy concerns.
中文,科技对我们的生活产生了巨大的影响。
例如,智能手机已经成为我们日常生活中不可或缺的一部分。
我们用它们来与他人沟通,导航,甚至购物。
此外,互联网打开了一个信息和机会的世界。
我们可以学习新技能,与来自世界各地的人联系,只需点击即可访问娱乐。
然而,科技也有其不利之处,如成瘾和隐私问题。
科技英文作文50字
英文,Technology has greatly impacted our daily lives. With the advancement of technology, we are now able to connect with people from all around the world with just a few clicks. Social media platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and Twitter have made it easier for us to stay connected
with our friends and family, no matter where they are. Additionally, technology has made it easier for us to
access information and learn new things. With just a quick search on Google, we can find answers to almost any
question we have.
中文,科技对我们的日常生活产生了巨大的影响。
随着技术的
进步,我们现在可以通过几个点击与世界各地的人联系。
像Facebook、Instagram和Twitter这样的社交媒体平台使我们更容
易与朋友和家人保持联系,无论他们在哪里。
此外,科技使我们更
容易获取信息和学习新知识。
只需在Google上快速搜索,我们就可
以找到几乎任何问题的答案。
与科技有关英文作文英文:When it comes to technology, I believe it has greatly impacted our lives in both positive and negative ways. On the positive side, technology has made our lives more convenient and efficient. For example, we can now easily communicate with people from all over the world through social media and messaging apps. We can also shop online and have our purchases delivered right to our doorstep. In addition, technology has greatly improved healthcare, allowing doctors to diagnose and treat illnesses more accurately and effectively.However, technology also has its downsides. One major negative impact is the decrease in face-to-face communication and social interaction. People are becoming more reliant on technology for communication, leading to a lack of personal connections and a decrease in empathy. Another issue is the potential for addiction to technology,such as social media or video games, which can lead to negative effects on mental health and productivity.Overall, while technology has greatly improved ourlives in many ways, it is important to be aware of its potential negative impacts and strive for a balance in our use of technology.中文:谈到科技,我认为它在积极和消极方面都对我们的生活产生了巨大影响。
体现科技的英文作文英文:Technology has had a profound impact on our daily lives, from the way we communicate to the way we work and even the way we entertain ourselves. In my opinion, technology has greatly improved the quality of our lives, making tasks easier and more efficient.One example of how technology has improved our lives is through the use of smartphones. With a smartphone, we can easily communicate with people from all over the world, access information on the internet, and even use it as atool for work or entertainment. It has become an essential tool for many people in their daily lives.Another example is the use of artificial intelligencein various industries. AI has the ability to analyze large amounts of data and provide insights that would be impossible for humans to do on their own. This has led toadvancements in fields such as healthcare, finance, and transportation, improving efficiency and accuracy.However, there are also concerns about the negative effects of technology, such as addiction to social media and the potential loss of jobs due to automation. It is important to find a balance between the benefits and drawbacks of technology and use it responsibly.Overall, technology has greatly impacted our lives in both positive and negative ways. It is up to us to use it wisely and make the most of its benefits while minimizing its negative effects.中文:科技对我们的日常生活产生了深远的影响,从我们的通讯方式到工作方式,甚至娱乐方式都有所改变。
科技题材英文作文模板英文:As a technology enthusiast, I am always fascinated by the latest advancements in the field. In my opinion, technology has revolutionized the way we live our lives and has made it easier for us to communicate, work, and entertain ourselves. However, with great power comes great responsibility, and we must use technology wisely to avoid its negative effects.One of the most significant advancements in technology has been the internet. It has connected people from all over the world and has made it possible for us to access information instantly. However, it has also led to the spread of fake news, cyberbullying, and online scams. Therefore, we must be careful about the information we consume and the people we interact with online.Another area where technology has had a significantimpact is healthcare. With the help of technology, doctors can now diagnose and treat diseases more accurately and efficiently. For example, artificial intelligence can analyze medical images and detect abnormalities that might be missed by human doctors. However, we must also be awareof the ethical implications of using technology in healthcare and ensure that it does not lead todiscrimination or privacy violations.In conclusion, technology has brought about manypositive changes in our lives, but we must also be aware of its negative effects and use it responsibly. As the saying goes, "with great power comes great responsibility."中文:作为一名科技爱好者,我总是被这个领域最新的进展所吸引。
中考作文科技英文范文英文:Technology has greatly impacted our lives in many ways. On one hand, it has made our lives more convenient and efficient. For example, we can now easily communicate with people from all over the world through social media and video conferencing. We can also shop online and have items delivered to our doorstep without ever leaving our homes. Furthermore, technology has revolutionized the way we learn and work. We can access vast amounts of information and resources through the internet and use various software and tools to increase our productivity.On the other hand, technology has also brought about some negative effects. One of the biggest concerns is the impact on our mental and physical health. We spend too much time staring at screens, which can lead to eye strain and poor posture. Moreover, social media and online gaming addiction have become serious problems that can lead todepression and anxiety. In addition, technology has also contributed to the loss of jobs in certain industries as machines and automation take over.Overall, technology has both advantages and disadvantages. It is up to us to use it wisely and in moderation to avoid the negative effects.中文:科技在许多方面对我们的生活产生了重大影响。
小学生英文科技论文写作小学生英文科技论文写作小学生英文科技论文写作1The Chinese nation is a nation with a fine tradition ofdiligence and frugality, and the Chinese people have maintained thisfine style since ancient times.Whether in the production of labor or in daily life, but also embodies this characteristic, always trying to the most economical way, as much as possible to do everything.It is by this good idea that we understand how to save energy.The energy problem is of extraordinary significance to our country as a populous country, with the development of economy, the large-scale development of resources, energy shortages will become more prominent. The influence of the modernization of our country to a great extent.Our country is still so far to promote thrift style of major construction at the Olympic venues, the state is from the actual need to consider, put forward the "thrifty Olympics" slogan; in this year's 55th anniversary National Day have put forward the "thrifty day" slogan.Our country is from the perspective of the whole community, to save energy to do thrifty style of work.Energy savings can reduce spending, boost economic growth, protect our environment, and become a prerequisite for sustainable development, and for our children and grandchildren.In the city the night, roads are lit on both sides of the street intensive but neat, looks like a dragon fly, although this is abeautiful landscape, but many times the light of these lamps are wasted, because a large part of the time, the road is empty, this situation is particularly common in the economic and the traffic is not very developed area.The enormous waste of power resources has a negative impact on the economy of these areas.Then, is there an automatic control device that is convenient for pedestrians and vehicles at night and saves energy?Saving energy is actually reducing energy losses as much as possible.On the remote roads, traffic is very little, and long hours of street lights, no matter whether there are vehicles or vehicles, pedestrians or pedestrians, have caused great waste of energy.Even if there is a vehicle passing, should not all line lights are on, shouldonly in the vehicle within the effective range of the street light, otherwise it will cause great losses!Pedestrian walking on the road is the same, only in the pedestrian walk within the corresponding range to open the street lamp, to meet the needs of lighting.How can I tell if someone is in the street?We can use an instrument that lights the street automatically when someone or a car is in the street.Then the sensor does not produce air through sound vibration control, but through the vehicles and pedestrians on the road impact and pressure caused by pavement vibration control, the two kinds of vibration is different, otherwise it will be a strange combination of circumstances might be animal sounds, and the roar of the road outside lights, the same as not to the purpose of saving energy.If the noise made by the traffic or pedestrian is too small, the light won't turn onThen, in name only, it doesn't work.Car driving, pedestrian walking, will naturally impact on the ground and pressure, so that the road vibration, which can use the vibration of the road to control whether the street lights bright or extinguished.The device uses shock and pressure vibrations to control the street lights, which can be a good source of energy savings.Power generation needs to consume a lot of resources, save electricity, save resources and protect the environment.Power saving should start from daily life. When using refrigerators at home, the practice of saving electricity is:1.Don't put much food in the fridge2. do not switch the refrigerator door again and again3., in the refrigerator, in the sides and back space, to help the refrigerator cooling4. do not put refrigerators and microwave ovens and other appliances togetherChina is a big producer of batteries and a big consumer of batteries.Now all kinds of electronic products: mobile phone, MP3, Kuaiyitong emerge in an endless stream, electronic calculators, electronic watches, cameras and so on, beyond count, these products require the use of battery.And if the battery after use, not centralized treatment, casually discarded, will cause serious pollution to the environment, for example, a scrap button battery can pollute 600thousand liters of water, it can be seen how dangerous it is.After running out of batteries, we can transport waste batteries tospecialized waste battery processing centers, so that they can help us recycle.This can not only reduce the pollution of the battery, but also can be used second times, killing two birds with one stone.小学生英文科技论文写作2"Ah - ah!"......"I am yawning, squinting, I can not help but raise a question: why do people yawn?What's the secret of yawning?I asked my father and grandpa, and they only talked about it.I can barely understand it, but I still don't understand it.In order to relieve my confusion, I searched the Internet for some information.It turned out that a yawn is six seconds.In this period, can let a person be out of touch with reality, body nerve, muscle relaxation.Yawning, therefore, is a conditioned reflex of deep breathing activity, a physiological response of the brain to nerves when tired, expressing dull, sleepy, or soothing tension in everyday life.Before, Grandpa said yawning was a sign of oxygen deficiency in the brain, which was not the case.On the contrary, by yawning deep breathing, people increase oxygen in the blood and emit more carbon dioxide, which makesus more energetic.People tend to yawn when they are tired, which reminds the body that the brain is tired and needs sleep and rest, so yawning is also a hypnotic method.When people are about to enter the busy work, often yawn, this may be the human body by deep inspiration, so that the blood more oxygen, improve brain activity.In a word, yawning is an instinctive reaction of the human body and has a good protective effect on the human body.What's more, dad said it was wrong.Yawning is awarning that the body needs a break, he said.Looking at the data, I realize that yawning is actually refreshing the brain.And you will find that we often yawn a lot before something important or exciting.It's not that our minds aren't tight enough, but the brain is pumping usdown".When do we yawn?In a long time in the slow yawn or after shallow breathing, a common cause of excessive yawning fatigue, tension, sedentary, do homework or reading, the waistband too tight, overheating room and ventilation.People often yawn when they leave the cinema and other places of amusement. This is not a sign of boredom, but the reason why they sit quietly for too long.After checking the data, I finally understand why peopleyawn.But I have another problem in my heart: hearing people say yawning is contagious.But is it really the case?I don't quite believe it.Butthis time, I don't go online to look up information. I'll do itmyself.That day, I went out with a good friend. It was very late for me to come home.I was yawning and sleepy.Suddenly, I thought it was a good time to do the experiment. I hurried downstairs. Grandma had been losing sleep recently: she couldn't sleep well and sleep hard every night.She always sleeps for a few minutes and wakes up ter, she simply did not sleep all night, watching TV, the morning the people have no spirit, a sickly appearance.All my family were worried about her, whether she would be ill or not.I thought while walking: "since yawning is contagious, then I yawn, and grandma must be yawning."Yawning makes it possible for grandma's nervous nerves to relax.Grandma would fall asleep naturally, and I could finish my experiment.It's really the best way to have the best of both worlds.Think of it, I've got downstairs.Grandma was sitting in front of the television, staring at her bloodshot eyes.I stepped forward quickly, just to call a "grandma", but yawn, but thefirst step on the stage: "ah - ah!"......"Grandma looked at me, and she could not help yawning: "ah - ah!"e, I want to sleep, you can go to sleep.Ah - oh......"As she spoke, she walked back to the room.I looked at Grandma's back, happy to jump three feet high - my experiment succeeded, and grandma's insomnia was cured by me!This yawn is really contagious!The second day, I looked at the book, but also understand why yawning is contagious: brain region when yawning and regional brain activity of sympathy is consistent.That is to say, yawning's "contagion" phenomenon may represent an unconscious mental imitation.。
英文科技论文写作
如何写英文科技论文的前言?以下是搜集整理的英文科技,欢迎阅读参考。
一般来讲,科研论文都是八股论文,大的结构都是设定的,题目、摘要、前言、方法、结果、讨论和。
可以说,每个部分都很有讲究都很重要,但难度并不一样,在上述这些内容中,最难写的是前言,其次是讨论。
根据最近学习的几个内容,把自己的学习笔记贡献给大家,希望能有点价值。
这次主要谈谈前言的写法。
首先,要清楚前言的作用或目的。
论文的前言是“to convince readers that you clearly know why your work is useful”就
是要告诉读者“你非常清楚地知道你的工作有价值”。
其次,我们要知道那些要素需要写。
一般来讲,前言主要包括四个方面的内容。
前面三个都属于背景,最后一个是小结。
一、大背景信息
这主要是方便读者评价你的工作,其实同行对这个方面的内容可以说非常熟悉,这部分基本是大同行的共识。
背景信息一般包括2个部分,一是大同行背景,二是小同行背景。
一般写大同行背景的时候大家都是比较类似的内容,不过也要根据你自己的研究有所侧重。
例如关于脑缺血的研究,你如果研究细胞凋亡,你就需要围绕细胞凋亡来阐述。
如果你研究炎症,那么你就需要围绕炎症来整理。
英文表达不好的同学往往在这个部分就开始出现纰漏。
因为这里不仅对概括能力要求比较高,而且需要照顾到整个研究的设计框架。
建议在平时阅读的时候,注意学习和整理类似研究论文的描述模式。
例如,脑缺血机制方面的研究,至少包括:兴奋毒、细胞死亡、炎症、酸中毒和自由基几个类型。
这一些类型都分别选择出几个范文,放在一起反复阅读,一看作者的写作思路,二看相互之间不同的描述。
当然具体到一篇论文,写作的风格不同,要结合整篇论文、杂志类型来分别对待。
写大背景往往是从普遍到特殊,普遍是描述研究对象的意义,比如某疾病的死亡率、发病率等的,暗指我选择的这个研究有价值受重视。
比如肿瘤、中风、器官功能等等的。
然后要从宏观上概括研究的大体情况,一般这类语言在google上就能见到类似描述(不可直接抄写),说明这开始的几句话属于套话。
有国外杂志主编曾经说,大背景需要用最简练的语言对你的研究领域进行清楚全面概述,但不要上历史课,不要面面具到,甚至写成综述(一定要针对你关心问题)。
Give overall picture -keep it brief!(no history lesson!)。
这也很有道理。
二、小同行信息
然后要转到你要关心的方面,例如下面这个研究中就主要针对细胞凋亡,那么作者就说,脑梗死在中心部位以坏死为主,而半暗区主要是延迟性细胞死亡,主要类型就是细胞凋亡(其实现在的看法认为这里也里是细胞坏死也很重要,没有关系,有争议没有共识,你怎么说都可以,总有一些文献的支持)。
现在就引出细胞凋亡,那么就要对细胞凋亡的背景进行描述。
这部分重点是要尽量用不同的语言表达出大家共识的内容来,就是所谓要训练改写功夫。
二是要主要和研究主题进行衔接。
不要天马行空,忘记回顾到你的主题。
例如你要研究脑缺血,总会落实到某一个方面。
这个部分往往会在研究指标方面落实。
例如你要用细胞凋亡来说明损伤程度和治疗效果,那么这里就需要对细胞凋亡在大背景的意义说出来。
后面这个文章,因为作者后面研究中主要针对线粒体途径,于是就谈线粒体途径的基本内容。
到这里就完成了大背景的介绍。
然后就过渡到小同行的背景,当然也要根据具体情况。
例如这篇文章的研究是希望利用一氧化碳呼吸作为一种预适应方法,来达到预防脑缺血的目的。
作者首先谈模型模拟的疾病的临床治疗方法,说治疗的手段只有低温,当然低温的手段存在许多limit(如果没有局限,就别玩了),其他的治疗方法,独立或结合低温就需要
寻找了。
作者这样说的Other therapies,which either can be used alone or in combinationwith hypothermia,are therefore needed。
我们中文经常说,目前缺乏有效治疗手段,寻找新的治疗方法一直是研究热点。
不如人家这样说更妥当。
这是引子。
然后作者提出预适应,当然对这个东西进行描述。
小损伤产生大保护的概念,早期晚期不同的保护情况,临床上也存在类似证据,当然这里要回答一个问题。
用这种预先适应,或者预防,对这种偶然性疾病有什么应用潜力。
作者解释存在一些可以预测的这类疾病,例如生产问题、手术等。
总能找到理由(其实比较牵强,因为这样意义就十分有限了,不过研究这个东西的真
正意义其实就是看一氧化碳是否可达到这个作用,用这个模型是因为稳定,有时候并不是想解决这个疾病本身,如果有预防效果,那么治疗效果往往也可以,应用的意义可以联想,同行都能理解)。
国外学者一般强调这里需要回答三个问题, What is the problem? Are there any existing solutions? What aretheir main limitations?
其实总结到一句就是:提出问题。
前面大小同行背景,其实就是所谓的前沿内容Current state of knowledge,或者咱们
要去探讨的问题。
三、解释解决方案
前面是所谓的提出问题,具体到这个文章就是,用预适应的方法可以作为治疗脑缺血的一种方法,可以研究研究。
那么随后就是:我怎么解决的,我有什么特殊的不同的思路。
不过从本质上,这个部分也属于小小同行的背景介绍。
也就是说局限到具体一个分子,一个手段上的背景描述。
我们提供的这个文章是希望用呼吸小剂量的一氧化碳来达到预处理的目的(这句后本
身不在这里说,这是为说这句话而解释)。
一氧化碳的有关背景,有毒性、内源性分子、有细胞保护作用、也有人用这个做预适应的研究(和本课题很类似),小脑细胞上也有效果(几乎一样的内容)。
这里经常用“however”, “remain unclear”等类型的语句引出你的观点和工作,这样的
处理主要是强调你的独特性。
但是如果不独特,就不要用这样的语言。
四、小结
这部分的写法比较多,但最常见的就是这样的。
前面我说什么什么是一种解决方法,我提出的这个方法是不错的,而且好像没有人尝试过。
我们做了,发现可以造成什么什么的变化,说明我这个说法确实有道理。
这是直接用结论的方法,也有不同的处理,只提问题和解决方案,不说结论。
我觉得前面这个更好一些。
写文章和讲故事类似,但毕竟不是故事,讲故事追求悬念层层,引人入胜,写论文应追求开门见山,震耳欲聋。
写前言需要克服的问题:
1.把握好全面和精炼的问题。
写科技文章的本质是告诉别人新信息,那么你自己必须全面了解这个领域,但前言最需要的是简洁。
2.前言中不要把方法、结果讨论等拉来。
这里introduction是介绍给读者,是以说服他继续全面阅读为目的。
3.千万不要过分使用novel,first time,first ever。
这些词是俗气或幼稚的表现。
科学首先就是创新,新颖性是必须的,内行认为这些词汇用在科学上这都是画蛇添足。
如果确实新,那也就允许你用一次,千万别用两次。
4.引用文献在论文中很重要,在前言中更重要,这里的文献是你开展这一研究的依据,怎么强调都不过分。