学术英语课后词组

学术英语词汇大全丰富你的学术写作英语词汇库学术写作在英语学习中占据重要地位，良好的学术写作水平不仅能够在学业上取得成功，还能够为日后职业发展打下坚实的基础。

在学术写作中，准确恰当地使用学术英语词汇是至关重要的。

本文将为大家提供一份学术英语词汇大全，丰富你的学术写作英语词汇库，助你提升学术写作水平。

1. 引言部分在学术论文的引言部分，我们要准确描述研究领域和问题。

下面是一些常用的学术英语词汇和短语：- The purpose of this study/ research is...（本研究的目的是...）- The present study aims to...（本研究旨在...）- This paper investigates/ examines...（本文调查研究...）- It is widely acknowledged that...（人们普遍认为...）- Previous research has shown that...（以前的研究已经表明...）- The significance/ importance of this study lies in...（本研究的重要性在于...）2. 方法部分在学术研究的方法部分，我们需要准确描述研究方法、数据收集和分析过程。

下面是一些常用的学术英语词汇和短语：- The research design for this study involved...（本研究采用的研究设计包括...）- Participants/ Subjects were selected/ recruited from...（参与者/受试者来自于...）- Data were collected/ gathered through...（数据是通过...收集的）- The data were analyzed using...（数据是用...进行分析的）- A questionnaire was administered to...（向...发放了一个问卷）- The interviews were conducted in...（采访是用...进行的）- Statistical analysis was performed to...（进行了统计分析以...）3. 结果部分在学术研究的结果部分，我们要准确陈述研究的结果和发现。

AWL (Academic Word List)(英汉)abandon 放弃；抛弃abstract 抽象的；摘要academy 研究院；学院；access 接近；入口accommodate 容纳；给⋯提供住宿；使适应accompany 陪伴；伴随accumulate 积累accurate 准确的achieve 完成；取得acknowledge 承认；致谢acquire 获得adapt 使适应；改编adequate 足够的adjacent 毗连的adjust 调整administer 管理adult 成年人advocate 拥护者；拥护affect 影响aggregate 总的；总计aid 帮助albeit 虽然allocate 分派alter 改变alternative 替代物；替代的ambiguous 模棱两可的amend 修订analogy 类似；类推analyze 分析annual 每年的；年鉴anticipate 预料apparent 明显的append 附加appreciate 欣赏；感激approach 靠近；方法appropriate 恰当的approximate 近似的arbitrary 任意的；专断的area 面积；地区；领域aspect 方面assemble 集合；装配assess 估价；评价assign 分派assist 援助assume 假设；认为；承担assure 保证attach 贴；附加attain 达到；获得attitude 态度attribute 归结于；性质author 作者；创始人authority 当局；权威automate 使自动化available 可得到的aware 意识到的behalf 利益benefit 利益；津贴；有益bias 偏见bond 纽带；债券brief 简短的bulk 体积；大批capable 能够的；有能力的capacity 容量category 种类；范畴cease 停止challenge 挑战channel 海峡；频道chapter 章chart图表chemical 化学的；化学药品circumstance 情况cite 引用civil 公民的；国内的clarify 阐明classic 名著；经典的clause 条款；从句code 代码；法典coherent 连贯的coincide相符collapse 倒塌colleague 同事commence开始comment 评论commission 委任；委员会commit 犯commodity 日用品communicate 交流community 社区；界compatible 兼容的compensate 补偿compile编纂complement 补充complex 复杂的component组成部分compound 化合物；复合词comprehensive 综合的comprise 构成compute 计算conceive 构思；怀孕concentrate 浓缩；集中concept 概念conclude 下结论concurrent 同时的conduct 行为；指挥confer授予；协商confine 限制confirm 证实conflict 冲突conform 遵守；符合consent 同意consequent必然的considerable 相当大的consist 组成constant不断的constitute 构成constrain 限制；强制construct 建造consult 咨询；查阅；请教consume消费；消耗contact 接触；联系；联系人contemporary 当代的；同代人context 上下文；背景contract 合同；收缩contradict 矛盾contrary 相反的contrast 对比contribute 贡献；捐献；投稿controversy 争议convene 召集converse 相反convert 转化convince使信服cooperate 合作coordinate 协调core 核心corporate 公司的correspond 通信；对应couple 夫妇；两个create创造；产生credit 信用；学分；功劳encounter 遇到fund 资金criteria 标准energy 精力；能量fundamental 基本的crucial 决定性的enforce 实施furthermore 此外culture 文化enhance 增强gender 性别currency 货币enormous 巨大的；大量的generate 产生cycle 骑自行车；循环ensure 保证generation 一代；产生data 数据entity 实体globe 地球debate 辩论environment 环境goal 球门；目标decade 十年equate 使相等；使平等grade 等级；年级；成绩decline 下倾；下降；谢绝equip 装备grant 拨款；助学金deduce 演绎equivalent 对等guarantee 保证define 下定义；明确erode 腐蚀guideline 方针definite 明确的error 错误hence 因此demonstrate 表明；演示；establish 建立hierarchy 等级制度示威estate 房地产highlight 精华；加亮；强denote 表示estimate 估计调deny 否认ethic 伦理hypothesis 假设depress 使沮丧ethnic 种族的identical 相同的derive 起源evaluate 评价identify 识别design 设计；图案eventual 最后的ideology 思想体系despite 尽管evident 明显的ignorant 无知的detect 检测evolve 进化；演变illustrate 举例说明；图解deviate 偏离exceed 超过image 图像；形象device 装置exclude 排除immigrate 移民devote 奉献；为⋯献身exhibit 展览impact 影响differentiate 区分expand 扩大implement 工具；执行dimension 尺寸；维expert 专家；熟练的implicate 暗指diminish 减少explicit 明晰的；详述的implicit 暗指的discrete 分离的exploit 剥削；利用imply 暗指discriminate 区别；歧视export 出口impose 征收；强加displace 移置expose 暴露；揭露incentive 刺激display 展览；显示external 外部的incidence 发生dispose 处理extract 取出；摘录incline 斜坡；使倾斜；使distinct 清晰的；独特的facilitate 使容易倾向distort 歪曲factor 因素income 收入distribute 分布feature 特征incorporate 包含diverse 多样的federal 联邦的index 索引；指标document 文件fee 费indicate 表明domain 领域；域file 文件individual 个人domestic 国内的；家庭的final 最后的induce 引起dominate 支配finance 财政inevitable 必然的draft 草稿；通风；起草finite 有限的infer 推断drama 戏剧flexible 灵活的infrastructure 基础设施duration 持续时间fluctuate 波动inherent 固有的dynamic 有活力的focus 集中；焦点inhibit 抑制economy 经济；节约format 格式initial 最初的；词首的；edit 编辑formula 公式首字母element 元素forthcoming 即将到来的initiate 开始eliminate 消除found 建立injure 使受伤emerge 出现foundation 建立；基础；innovate 创新emphasis 强调基金会input 输入empirical 经验的framework 框架insert 插入；插页enable 使能够function 功能；函数insight 见识inspect 视察instance 例子institute 研究所；学院instruct 教；指示integral 整体的；整的integrate 使结合integrity 诚信；完整intelligent 聪明的intense 强烈的interact 相互作用intermediate 中间的；中级的internal 内部的interpret 解释；口译interval 间隔intervene 干预intrinsic 内在的invest 投资investigate 调查invoke 恳求involve 涉及isolate 孤立issue 问题；发行item 项目job 工作journal 杂志；日记justify 证明label 标签labor 劳动layer 层lecture 讲课；讲座legal 合法的；法律的legislate 立法levy 征收liberal 自由的；开明的license 执照likewise 同样地link 连接；环节locate 使位于；找到logic 逻辑maintain 维持；维修major 主要的；专业manipulate 操作manual 体力的；手册margin 页边mature 成熟maximize 使最大化mechanism 装置；机制media 媒体mediate 调停medical 医学的medium 媒介；中等的mental 心理的method 方法migrate 迁移military 军事的minimal 最小的minimize 使最小化minimum 最小值ministry 部minor 次要的；辅修专业mode 模式modify 修改；修饰monitor 监视motive 动机mutual 相互的negate 否定network 网络neutral 中立的nevertheless 然而nonetheless 然而norm 标准normal 正常的notion概念；想法notwithstanding 虽然nuclear 核的；核心的objective 客观的；目标obtain 获得obvious 明显的occupy 占领；使忙碌occur 出现odd 奇数的；奇怪的；临时的offset 抵消ongoing 进行中的option 选择orient 东方；使适应outcome 结果output 产量；产出overall 总体的overlap 重叠overseas 海外panel 专家小组；面板paradigm 范例paragraph 段落parallel 平行的parameter 参数participate 参加partner 搭档passive 被动的perceive 察觉；理解percent 百分之period 时期；句号persist 持续perspective 角度phase 阶段phenomenon 现象philosophy 哲学physical 身体的；物理的plus 加policy 政策portion 部分pose 摆姿势positive 积极的；阳性的potential 潜在的；潜力practitioner 从业者precede 先于precise 精确的predict 预测predominant 主要的preliminary 初步的；初赛presume 假设previous 先前的primary 初级的；主要的prime 首要的principal 主要的；校长principle 原则prior 在先的priority 优先；重点proceed 进行process 过程；加工professional 专业的；专业人员prohibit 禁止project 工程promote 促进；促销proportion 比例prospect 前景protocol 协议；礼仪psychology 心理学publication 出版；出版物publish 出版purchase 购买pursue 追赶；追求qualitative 定性的quote 引用radical 基本的；激进的random 随机的range 范围；山脉ratio 比rational 理性的react 反应recover 恢复refine 提炼regime 政权region 地区register 登记；挂号regulate 调节reinforce 加强reject 拒绝site 地点terminate 终止relax 放松so-called 所谓的text 文本release 释放sole 唯一的；脚底；鞋底theme 主题relevant 有关的somewhat 有点theory 理论reluctance 勉强source 来源thereby 从而rely 依赖specific 具体的thesis 论文remove 移走specify 详述topic 话题require 要求sphere 球体；领域trace 痕迹research 研究stable 稳定的；马厩tradition 传统reside 居住statistic 统计的transfer 转移；换车resolve 解决；决心status 地位transform 转变resource 资源straightforward 坦率的transit 运输；过渡respond 响应strategy 战略；策略transmit 输送restore 恢复stress 压力；重音；强调transport 运输restrain 抑制structure 结构trend 趋势restrict 限制style 风格trigger 触发；扳机retain 保留submit 使屈服；提交ultimate 最终的reveal 显示subordinate 下级的；从属undergo 经受revenue 收入；税收的underlie 是⋯的基础reverse 背面；倒车subsequent 随后的undertake 从事revise 修改subsidy 补助uniform 一致的；制服revolution 革命；旋转substitute 代替者；代替unify 统一rigid 僵硬的：刻板的successor 继任unique 独一无二的role 角色sufficient 足够的utilize 利用route 路线sum 金额valid 有效的scenario 剧本；方案summary 总结vary 变化schedule 时间表supplement 补充vehicle 车辆scheme 方案survey 调查version 译文；版本scope 范围survive 幸存via 经过section 部分suspend 暂停violate 违犯sector 部门sustain 维持virtual 实际上的；虚拟的secure 安全的symbol 象征；符号visible 可见的seek 试图；寻找tape 磁带vision 视力select 选择target 靶子；目标visual 视觉的sequence 顺序task 任务volume 卷；音量；体积series 系列team 队voluntary 自愿的；志愿sex 性；性别technical 技术的welfare 福利shift 转换technique 技巧whereas 而significant 重要的technology 技术whereby 由此similar 相似的temporary 暂时的widespread 普遍的simulate 模拟tense 紧张的；时态AWL 词汇（汉英）安全的secure 暗指implicate 暗指imply 暗指的implicit 靶子target 百分之percent 摆姿势pose 扳机trigger 版本version 伴随accompany 帮助aid 包含incorporate 保留retain 保证assure 保证ensure 保证guarantee 暴露expose 背景context 背面reverse 被动的passive 比ratio 比例proportion 必然的consequent 必然的inevitable 编辑edit 编纂compile 变化vary 辩论debate 标签label 标准criteria 标准norm 表明demonstrate 表明indicate 表示denote 拨款grant 波动fluctuate 剥削exploit 补偿compensate 补充complement 补充supplement 补助subsidy 不断的constant 部ministry 部分portion 部分section 部门sector 财政finance 参加participate 参数parameter 操作manipulate 草稿draft 策略strategy 层layer 插入insert 插页insert 查阅consult 察觉perceive 产出output 产量output 产生create 产生generate 产生generation 阐明clarify 超过exceed车辆vehicle 成绩grade 成年人adult成熟mature 诚信integrity 承担assume 承认acknowledge 持续persist 持续时间duration 尺寸dimension 冲突conflict 抽象的abstract 出版publication 出版publish 出版物publication 出口export 出现emerge出现occur 初步的preliminary 初级的primary 初赛preliminary 处理dispose 触发trigger 传统tradition 创始人author 创新innovate 创造create 词首的initial磁带tape 此外furthermore 次要的minor 刺激incentive 聪明的intelligent 从而thereby 从句clause 从事undertake 从属的subordinate 从业者practitioner 促进promote 促销promote 错误error搭档partner 达到attain 大量的enormous 大批bulk 代码code 代替substitute 代替者substitute 当代的contemporary 当局authority 倒车reverse 倒塌collapse 登记register 等级grade等级制度hierarchy 抵消offset 地点site 地球globe 地区area地区region 地位status 定性的qualitative 东方orient动机motive 独特的distinct 独一无二的unique 段落paragraph 队team 对比contrast 对等equivalent 对应correspond 多样的diverse 而whereas 发行issue 发生incidence 法典code法律的legal 反应react 犯commit 范畴category 范例paradigm 范围range范围scope估计estimate 估价assess 孤立isolate 固有的inherent 挂号register 管理administer 归结于attribute 国内的civil 国内的domestic 过程process 过渡transit 海外overseas 海峡channel 函数function 行为conduct 合法的legal 合同contract 合作cooperate 核的nuclear 核心core 核心的nuclear 痕迹trace 化合物compound 化学的chemical 化学药品chemical 话题topic 怀孕conceive 环节link 环境environment 换车transfer 恢复recover 恢复restore 货币currency 获得acquire 获得attain 获得obtain 机制mechanism 积极的positive 积累accumulate 基本的fundamental 基本的radical 基础foundation 基础设施infrastructure 基金会foundation 激进的radical 即将到来的forthcoming 集合assemble 集中concentrate 集中focus 计算compute 技巧technique 技术technology 技术的technical 继任successor 加plus 加工process 加亮highlight 加强reinforce 家庭的domestic 假设assume 假设hypothesis 假设presume 间隔interval 监视monitor 兼容的compatible 检测detect 减少diminish 简短的brief 见识insight 建立establish 建立found 建立foundation 建造construct 僵硬的：刻板的rigid 讲课lecture 讲座lecture 交流communicate 焦点focus 角度perspective 角色role 脚底sole 教instruct 阶段phase 接触contact 接近access 揭露expose 节约economy 结构structure 结果outcome 解决resolve 解释interpret 界community 金额sum 津贴benefit 紧张的tense 尽管despite 进行proceed 进行中的ongoing 进化evolve 近似的approximate 禁止prohibit 经典的classic 经过via 经济economy 经受undergo 经验的empirical方案scenario 方案scheme 方法approach 方法method 方面aspect 方针guideline 房地产estate 放弃abandon 放松relax 费fee 分布distribute 分离的discrete 分派allocate 分派assign 分析analyze 风格style 奉献devote 否定negate 否认deny 夫妇couple 符号symbol 符合conform 福利welfare 辅修专业minor 腐蚀erode 附加append 附加attach 复合词compound 复杂的complex 改编adapt 改变alter 概念concept 概念notion 感激appreciate 干预intervene 革命revolution 格式format 个人individual 给⋯提供住宿accommodate 工程project 工具implement 工作job 公民的civil 公式formula 公司的corporate 功劳credit 功能function 贡献contribute 构成comprise 构成constitute 构思conceive 购买purchase精华highlight 论文thesis 潜在的potential精力energy 逻辑logic 强加impose精确的precise 马厩stable 强烈的intense居住reside 矛盾contradict 强调emphasis举例说明illustrate 媒介medium 强调highlight巨大的enormous 媒体media 强调stress句号period 每年的annual 强制constrain拒绝reject 勉强reluctance 清晰的distinct具体的specific 面板panel 情况circumstance剧本scenario 面积area 请教consult捐献contribute 名著classic 球门goal卷volume 明确define 球体sphere决定性的crucial 明确的definite 区别discriminate决心resolve 明晰的explicit 区分differentiate军事的military 明显的apparent 趋势trend开明的liberal 明显的evident 取出extract开始commence 明显的obvious 取得achieve开始initiate 模棱两可的ambiguous 权威authority靠近approach 模拟simulate 然而nevertheless可得到的available 模式mode 然而nonetheless可见的visible 目标goal 认为assume客观的objective 目标objective 任务task恳求invoke 目标target 任意的arbitrary口译interpret 内部的internal 日记journal框架framework 内在的intrinsic 日用品commodity扩大expand 能够的capable 容量capacity来源source 能量energy 容纳accommodate 劳动labor 年级grade 入口access类似analogy 年鉴annual 山脉range类推analogy 纽带bond 上下文context礼仪protocol 浓缩concentrate 设计design理解perceive 排除exclude 社区community理论theory 抛弃abandon 涉及involve理性的rational 陪伴accompany 身体的physical立法legislate 毗连的adjacent 十年decade利益behalf 偏见bias 时间表schedule利益benefit 偏离deviate 时期period利用exploit 频道channel 时态tense利用utilize 平行的parallel 识别identify例子instance 评价assess 实际上的virtual连贯的coherent 评价evaluate 实施enforce连接link 评论comment 实体entity联邦的federal 普遍的widespread 使结合integrate联系contact 奇怪的odd 使沮丧depress联系人contact 奇数的odd 使忙碌occupy两个couple 歧视discriminate 使能够enable临时的odd 骑自行车cycle 使平等equate灵活的flexible 起草draft 使倾向incline领域area 起源derive 使倾斜incline领域domain 恰当的appropriate 使屈服submit领域sphere 迁移migrate 使容易facilitate路线route 前景prospect 使适应accommodate 伦理ethic 潜力potential 使适应adapt使适应orient 使受伤injure 使位于locate 使相等equate 使信服convince 使自动化automate 使最大化maximize 使最小化minimize 示威demonstrate 试图seek 视察inspect 视觉的visual 视力vision 是⋯的基础underlie 释放release 收入income 收入revenue 收缩contract 手册manual 首要的prime 首字母initial 授予confer 输入input 输送transmit 熟练的expert 数据data 税收revenue 顺序sequence 思想体系ideology 虽然albeit 虽然notwithstanding 随后的subsequent 随机的random 所谓的so-called 索引index 态度attitude 坦率的straightforward 特征feature 提交submit 提炼refine 体积bulk 体积volume 体力的manual 替代的alternative 替代物alternative 挑战challenge 条款clause 调查investigate 调查survey 调节regulate 调停mediate 调整adjust 贴attach 停止cease 通风draft 通信correspond 同代人contemporary 同时的concurrent 同事colleague 同样地likewise 同意consent 统计的statistic 统一unify 投稿contribute 投资invest 图案design 图表chart 图解illustrate 图像image 推断infer 歪曲distort 外部的external 完成achieve 完整integrity 网络network 为⋯献身devote 违犯violate 唯一的sole 维dimension维持maintain 维持sustain 维修maintain委任commission 委员会commission 文本text 文化culture 文件document 文件file 稳定的stable 问题issue无知的ignorant 物理的physical 戏剧drama 系列series 下定义define下级的subordinate 下降decline 下结论conclude 下倾decline先前的previous 先于precede 显示display显示reveal 现象phenomenon 限制confine 限制constrain限制restrict 相当大的considerable 相反converse 相反的contrary 相符coincide相互的mutual 相互作用interact 相似的similar 相同的identical详述specify 详述的explicit 响应respond 想法notion 项目item 象征symbol 消除eliminate 消费consume 消耗consume 校长principal协商confer 协调coordinate 协议protocol 斜坡incline 鞋底sole 谢绝decline 心理的mental 心理学psychology 欣赏appreciate 信用credit形象image 幸存survive 性sex 性别gender 性别sex 性质attribute 修订amend 修改modify 修改revise修饰modify 虚拟的virtual 旋转revolution选择option 选择select学分credit 学会academy 学院academy 学院institute寻找seek 循环cycle压力stress 研究research 研究所institute 研究院academy主要的 major 主要的predominant 主要的 primary 主要的principal 助学金 grant 专断的 arbitrary 专家 expert 专家小组 panel 专业 major 专业的 professional 专业人员 professional 转变transform 转化 convert 转换 shift 转移 transfer 装备 equip 装配assemble 装置 device 装置 mechanism 追赶 pursue 追求 pursue 准确的 accurate 咨询 consult 资金 fund 资源 resource 自由的 liberal 自愿的 voluntary 综合的 comprehensive 总的 aggregate 总计 aggregate 总结 summary 总体的 overall 足够的 adequate 足够的 sufficient 组成 consist 组成部分 component 最初的 initial 最后的 eventual 最后的 final 最小的 minimal 最小值 minimum 最终的ultimate 遵守 conform 作者 author演变 evolve 演示 demonstrate 演绎 deduce 阳性的 positive 要求require 页边 margin 一代 generation 一致的 uniform 医学的 medical 依赖 rely 移民 immigrate 移置 displace 移走 remove 抑制 inhibit 抑制 restrain 译文 version 意识到的 aware 因此 hence 因素 factor 音量 volume 引起 induce 引用 cite 引用 quote 影响 affect 影响 impact 拥护 advocate 拥护者 advocate 优先 priority 由此 whereby 有点 somewhat 有关的 relevant 有活力的 dynamic 有能力的 capable 有限的 finite 有效的 valid 有益 benefit 预测 predict 预料 anticipate 域 domain 遇到 encounter 元素 element 原则 principle 援助 assist 运输 transit 运输 transport 杂志journal暂停 suspend 增强 enhance 摘录 extract 摘要 abstract 债券 bond 展览 display 展览 exhibit 占领 occupy 战略 strategy 章 chapter 找到 locate 召集 convene 哲学 philosophy 争议 controversy 征收 impose 征收 levy 整的 integral 整体的 integral 正常的 normal 证明 justify 证实 confirm 政策 policy 政权 regime 支配 dominate 执行 implement 执照 license 指标 index 指挥 conduct 指示 instruct志愿的 voluntary 制服 uniform致谢 acknowledge 中等的 medium 中级的 intermediate 中间的 intermediate 中立的 neutral 终止 terminate 种类 category 种族的 ethnic 重点 priority 重叠 overlap重要的 significant 重音 stress 主题 theme在先的 prior 暂时的 temporary。

通用学术英语短语词汇教程本文档旨在为学术写作和口语交流提供一套通用学术英语短语词汇，以帮助读者更好地表达自己的观点和理解他人的观点。

在学术领域，正确运用学术英语短语不仅可以提升文章和演讲的质量，还能增加读者和听众对内容的理解和信服度。

2. 描述现象在描述现象时，我们可以使用一些常用的学术英语短语，如：It is widely believed that...（广泛认为……）、It is evident that...（显然……）、It is worth noting that...（值得注意的是……）等。

这些短语可以帮助我们在句子中准确地表达观点，并为读者提供清晰的理解。

3. 解释原因当我们需要解释原因时，可以使用以下学术英语短语：The main reason why... is that...（……的主要原因是……）、This can be attributed to...（这可以归因于……）、One possible explanation for this is...（一个可能的解释是……）等。

这些短语有助于我们清楚地说明问题，并将原因与结果联系起来。

4. 提供例证为了支持我们的观点，举出例证显得非常重要。

一些常用的学术英语短语如下：For instance...（例如……）、To illustrate this...（为了说明这一点……）、A good example of this is...（一个很好的例子是……）等。

通过使用这些短语，我们可以给读者带来具体的案例，加深他们对我们观点的理解和认同。

5. 表达观点当我们要表达自己的观点时，可以使用以下学术英语短语：In my opinion...（在我看来……）、From my perspective...（从我的角度来看……）、I strongly believe that...（我坚信……）等。

这些短语能够清晰地表达我们的观点，使读者对我们的立场和看法有更深入的了解。

【UNIT 2】——引自教师课件（2016.12.1熊大制）学术英语重点单词目录学术英语重点单词 (2)UNIT 2 (2)UNIT 3 (4)UNIT 5 (6)UNIT 6 (8)UNIT 7 (10)UNIT 8 (12)学术英语重点单词UNIT 21.厄运2.微生物3.易受伤害4.青霉素5.回归6.呼吸7.霍乱8.地点9.突变10.大流行11.流感12.抗原13.免疫14.并发症15.基础设施16.恶化17.异国情调18.致命19.消除20.流行1.doom2.microbial3.vulnerable4.penicillin5.regression6.respiratory7.cholera8.venue9.mutation10.pandemic11. influenza12. antigen13. immune14. complication15. infrastructure16. deteriorate17. exotic18. lethal19. eradicate20. prevalence21.毒性22.入境事务处23.诊断24.病原体25.慢性26.胃27.溃疡28.农药29.天花30.致病性31.侦察32.疫苗接种33.万灵药34.瘟疫35.射线照相36.屏幕37.参加38.被感染39.打标题40.作出贡献21.toxicity22. immigration23. diagnostic24. pathogen25. chronic26. gastric27. ulcer28. pesticide29. Smallpox30. pathogenic31. surveillance32. vaccination33. panacea34. plague35. radiograph36. screen37. attend to38. be infected with39. hit the headline40. contribute toUNIT 31.龙卷风2.肾上腺素3.居住4.内科医生5.自身免疫性6.攻击7.最优8.老年痴呆症9.生理学10.生物化学11.试验12.脑13.治疗师14.过敏15.腹部16.汞17.除草剂18.毒素19.心绞痛20.干预1.tornado2.adrenaline3.residency4.internist5.autoimmune6.assault7.optimal8.dementia9.physiology10.biochemistry11. experimentation12. cerebral13. therapist14. allergy15. abdominal16. mercury17. herbicide18. toxin19. angina20. intervention21.遗传学22.不可避免23.secdonary24.保证25.化疗26.肿瘤27.长寿28.复制29.心血管30.认知31.敌意32.培育33.激素34.激活35.临终关怀36.疗效确切37.pharcology38.制药39.偿还40.沉浸在自己... 21. genetics22. inevitable23. secdonary24. guarantee25. chemotherapy26. oncology27. longevity28. replicate29. cardiovascular30. cognitive31. hostility32. nurture33. hormone34. activate35. hospice36. efficacy37. pharcology38. pharmaceutical39. reimbursement40. immerse oneself in……学术英语重点单词【】——引自教师课件（2016.12.1熊大制）UNIT 51.缓解2.活力3.欺骗4.直观5.抑制6.工具箱7.脆弱8.奋斗9.表现10.清单11.破坏12.愤怒13.饮料14.热量15.摄入量16.咖啡因17.流产18.容易19.死亡率20.胆囊结石1.alleviate2.vitality3.deceit4.intuitive5.repress6.toolbox7.fragile8.strive9.manifestation10.manifest11. undermine12. rage13. beverage14. calorie15. intake16. caffeine17. miscarriage18. prone19. mortality20. gallstone21.钙22.金字塔23.酸奶24.含糊不清25.统一26.家禽27.缺28.放弃29.不情愿30.决议31.倾角32.尺寸33.不平衡34.营养35.遏止36.中度37.来到条款与38.在日常的基础上39.力争40.要符合21. calcium22. pyramid23. yogurt24. vague25. unify26. poultry27. deficient28. abandon29. reluctant30. resolution31. inclination32. dimensional33. imbalance34. nutrient35. curb36. moderate37. come to terms with38. on a daily basis39. strive to40. be consistent withUNIT 61.个性化2.姑息3.贫血4.可能5.多学科6.辅导员7.老兵8.资格9.过渡10.肺11.疗效12.透析13.专栏作家14.阐明15.预期16.固执17.绊跌的缘由18.阻塞性19.梗阻20.呼气1.personalized2.palliative3.anemia4.potentially5.multidisciplinary6.counselor7.veteran8.eligible9.transition10.pulmonary11. curative12. dialysis13. columnist14. articulate15. anticipation16. stubborn17. stumbling18. obstructive19. obstruction20. exhale21.在体外22.施肥23.产科医生24.专题讨论会25.伦理26.人类学27.生殖28.哄29.哺乳动物30.精子31.高配置文件32.不孕症33.不育34.有远见35.有道理36.永久37.不是38.终端39.异常40.是免费的21. in vitro22. fertilization23. obstetrician24. symposium25. ethics26. anthropology27. reproductive28. coax29. mammal30. sperm31. high profile32. infertility33. infertile34. visionary35. make sense36. permanent37. by no means38. terminal39. abnormality40. be free ofUNIT 71. 临床医师2. 伦理学家3. 临终关怀4. 手术5. 冥想6. 自溶7. 不道德8. 自治9. 精神病学10. 药物治疗11. 护理部12. 生理学家13. 产难的妇人14. 指指点点15. 职权范围16. 家长式17. 赋予权力18. 宗旨19. 牵引20. 平凡1.clinician2.ethicist3.hospice4.surgical5.meditation6.autolysis7.unethical8.autonomy9.psychiatry10.m edication11.h ospitalize12.p hysiologist13.t ravail14.g esticulate15.p urview16.p aternalistic17.e mpowerment18.t enet19.t raction20.m undane21. 答辩人22. 格斗23. 半心半意24. 海侵25. 肿瘤学家26. 转移27. 病变28. 后续行动29. 栓子30. 放射科医生31. 渗透32. 苏33. 基于证据34. 基础35. 意图36. 转诊37. 可行38. 专业知识39. 诋毁40. 约束21.r espondent22.g rapple23.h alfhearted24.t ransgression25.o ncologist26.m etastasis27.l esion28.f ollow-up29.e mbolus30.r adiologist31.i nfiltrate32.s ue33.e vidence-based34.u nderlie35.i ntent36.r eferral37.f easible38.e xpertise39.d enigrate40.c onstrainUNIT 81. 指定2. 可归纳3. 理由4. 慈善5. 自主6. 减少7. 要挟8. 不适当地9. 最大限度地10. 宣誓11. 势在必行12. 放弃13. 怀孕14. 解说15. 剥夺16. 配方17. 阵列18.虚弱19. 儿科20. 神经外科医生1.designate2.generalizable3.justification4.beneficence5.autonomous6.diminish7.coerce8.unduly9.maximize10.o ath11.i mperative12.f orgo13.c onceive14.e xplication15.d eprivation16.f ormulation17.a rrayal18.i nfirm19.p ediatric20.n eurosurgeon21. 静脉22. 修订23. 保密24. 脑膜炎25. 头骨26. 流通27. 管辖权28. 主持下29. 附属30. 协议31. 豁免32. 责任33. 刑事责任34. 输血35. 病理学36. 人类37. 组织相容性38. 自闭症39. 系统40. 处方21.v ein22.a mend23.c onfidential24.m eningitis25.s kull26.c irculation27.j urisdiction28.u nder the auspices29.a ffiliated30.p rotocol31.e xempt32.l iability33.c riminal liability34.t ransfusion35.p athology36.h umanity37.h isto-compatibility38.a utism39.s ystematic40.p rescriptionUNIT ９1.bestow2.essence3.annals4.eloquent5.malady6.inquisitive7.civic8.obscure9.professionalism10.e mbed11.m indedness12.b etterment13.i nternship14.s tethoscope15.c hatter16.d art17.l ob18.b udding19.c ulpable20.s urreptitiously21.i nconspicuously 22.d iscern23.d iploma24.h ierarchy25.h earsay26.c utting-edge27.d isparity28.o steopathic29.u nderserved30.i rreducible31.p ediatrics32.r arefy33.s hortfall34.l ucrative35.j ump-start36.c hickenpox37.i tchy38.b lister39.s cab40.p recautionUNIT １41.n euron42.o verload43.d iabetes44.h ypertension45.c holesterol46.m edication47.c onsultation48.e nzyme49.o steoporosis50.p neumonia51.v accine52..prescription53.s imultaneous54.r esident55.o verwhelming56.p rioritize57.s imulate 58.o mniscient59.t ablet60.e ligibility61.c riterion62.p rognosis63.w ard64.i nfectious65.h epatitis66.m etabolism67.e xacerbate68.r elapse69.e pidemiology70.i ntravenous71.a rterial72.h umanitarian73.m alaria74.t uberculosis75.i ntegral。

学术综合英语1~5单元单词及重要词组总结（包含易考单词）=============UNIT1================*sustain支撑，保持，撑住craft手艺，工艺*clutter凌乱，杂乱simile明喻*metaphor隐喻*implicit不言明的，默认的，含蓄的*rhythm节奏，节律parallelism平行，对应，排比alliteration头韵antithesis对比，对偶juxtaposition并列，并置*assertion断言bolster支持testimony证明，证据anecdote轶事hypothetical假设的，假定的textured具有特定结构或特征的sparing节约的credible可靠地credentials可信任的证明extemporaneously即兴的，impromptu无准备的*unbiased公正，无偏见*contrary to与。

相反*look up查找*adapt to适应*at hand在附近，在手边hot air空话连篇*in the course of在、、、、过程中in passing附带地，顺便地=============UNIT2================detract贬低，减损，降低dominant首要的，主要的，主导的inadequacy缺乏，匮乏，不足convert转化deprivation缺失，匮乏constancy不变，恒定plausible貌似合理/可信的staggering惊人的unprecedented史无前例的entail要求mediocre二流的平庸的，劣质的elaborate复杂的effluent工业废水disruption有限，限定，限度traverse穿行magnitude程度particulate微粒，颗粒*consensus一致意见concentration浓度*liability不利因素*menace威胁*portend预示pathogen病原体*striking显著地augment增加emergence出现*intractable难处理的*massive巨大的central重要的*devastating毁灭性的*aggravate恶化，加重，是恼火*plausible貌似可信的*entail使需要，承担*triple三倍的*intractable不听话的*pose造成，形成*staggering蹒跚*emergence出现*resurgence复活，再现，再起*contribute to导致，引起，为。

第8单元1 We love the valley in all its aspects (方面).2 Please replicate (折叠) the paper.3 The two accidents took place simultaneously (同时地).4 There was an air of expectancy (期望) among the waiting crowd.5 Article in The Wall Street Journal (日报) leans heavily on fashion.6 What does it require to be a successful mechanic (技工), to do all the mechanics problems?7 Thousands of wounded were brought to the next town of Castiliogne where he arrived and there was practically (几乎) no medical assistance.8 A text message confirming the policy number and sale is then sent automatically (自动的)9 He says the troops will have to launch quick, sharp and precise (精确的) attacks in the area if they hope to prevail.10 The trouble with Bill was that he never had a(n) specific(明确的) aim in life.11 Kevin drove erratically (不规律地), knocked down several cones, and ran over atleast one of the inflatable dolls.12 This is a(n) exclusive (纯粹的) white residential area.13 “Good morning” is a(n) conventional (传统的) greeting.14 Honesty, industry and kindness are elements (基础) of a good life.15 I needed a place to fire ceramic semiconductor (半导体) substrates for homemade integrated circuits.16 The findings appeared just days after another team reported its findings in the journal Nature Structural and molecular (分子的) Biology. 17 It is a(n) vast(广阔的) desert.18 The appearance (外貌) of the old house completely changed.19 The dispute has scared away potential (潜在的) investors.20 This small house is my only property (资产).21 Do you know how to manipulate (操作) a computer?22 You are not allowed to fabricate (伪造) a certificate.23 It is hard to foresee(预见) what will happen.24 The substance (主旨) of his speech was that he was better than the other candidates.25 Exceptions cannot be made for individual (个体).26 She then looked at the reverse(反面) side of the coin.27 The government and central bank were in theoretical(理论上的) harmony.第9单元1 the magnitude (巨大) of loss2 increase significantly (显著地) overnight3 atmosphere (大气) pressure4 work with greater intensity (紧张)5 give evidence (证据) in support of a theory6 birds migrating (迁徙) in winter7 speak more specifically (明确地)8 amplify(增强) the electric current9 a disease of frequent occurrence (发生)10 be in control of your own destiny (命运)11 strong motivation (动机) to succeed12 annual (年度的) bonus13 be released (释放) from prison14 a(n) vicious(恶毒的) enemy to defeat15 create a(n) environmentally (有关环境方面) safe society16 alternate (交替) between rain and sunshine17 the most prominent (突出的) feature of the book18 his reaction (反应) to the news19 drastically (大幅度地) cutting staff20 traffic regulation (规则)21 a(n) minimal (最小的) charge for the service22 exposure (暴露) of the body to strong sunlight23 retain (保持) youthful vigor24 compound (混合) the ingredients25 They are free eventually (最后).26 decline(谢绝) an invitation27 Man is a reasoning creature (生物).第10单元1 undergo (经历) a smooth transition2 be offered massive (大量的) sums to leave3 unprecedented (史无前例的) reforms in any socialist countries4 runaway (失控的) inflation5 achieve a wide variety of consensus (共识) on many issues6 such a motion will largely hinder(阻碍) any move by the new Governor7 total farm output(产量) for this year8 a child’s concentration span (注意力集中的时间)9 paint a(n) bleak(无望的) picture for the future of the U.S. labor market10 make a dent (有点进展) in the work11 constantly(经常地) changing population12 complete the project with a satisfactory outcome(结果)13 play down (淡化) the significance of the meeting14 temperature variation (变化) due to solar radiation15 skills that are absolutely (绝对地) vital to these performers16 denigrate (诋毁) his rivals17 Don’t mess with (干预) things you don’t know.18 windows which admit light but totally herald(隔离) from cold or heat19 resist the overwhelming (无法抗拒的) temptation to eat chocolate20 witness the results of savage(野蛮的) attacks on the public21 take actions to help resolve(解决) housing problems22 create a(n) gigantic(巨大的) bubble in shares and house prices23 the innovative system which reduced pollution output(输出) to zero24 conditions that vary dramatically (戏剧化地) day to day25 ban the use of sex-selective (性别选择性的) abortion第11单元1 a small breach(缺口) in the dam2 shallow(浅的) foundation3 implement (履行) a promise4 the survivor(s) (幸存者) of the earthquake5 hypothetical (假设的) situation6 initiate(发起) a reform7 have potential (潜力) as an artist8 despite(不顾) their strong disagreement9 neutralize (中和) acids10 be in contact(了解) with each other11 transport (运输) goods by lorry12 the volume(大量) of exports13 penetrate (穿透) the fog14 confirm(证实) my suspicious15 strategy(战略) of sustainable development16 a rough estimate(估计) of your income17 noticeable(显著的) change18 power generation (产生)19 avert(转移) one’s glance from an ugly sight20 medical (医学的) apparatus and instruments21 disperse(传播) knowledge22 territorial integrity(完整)23 compensate(赔偿) for the loss第14单元1 the symptoms (症状) of depression2 the core(核心) curriculum3 speak in a menacing (威胁的) tone4 a study on the male sterility(不育)5 compromise (危害) human health6 the cumulative (日积月累的) effect of human activity on the environment7 a harmful dose(剂量) of radiation8 ingest(摄入) radioactive particles through exposed food9 penetrate (穿透) the skin10 his premature (过早的) death at the age of 3711 the temperature hovering (徘徊) around 38 degrees12 disrupt(打乱) the process of repairing damaged tissue13 a rise in premarital conception(s) (受孕)14 an earthquake of 9.0 magnitude (震级)15 spark(激发) interest in art16 a(n) acute(剧烈的) pain in the chest17 special facilities (设施) for the disabled18 energy transmitted (传送) in the form of Particles[文档可能无法思考全面，请浏览后下载，另外祝您生活愉快，工作顺利，万事如意!]。

通用学术英语教学参考词表
通用学术英语教学参考词表是一份用于指导通用学术英语教学的词汇表，旨在帮助学生更好地掌握学术英语词汇，提高学术英语水平。

该词汇表包括了一些常用的学术英语词汇，并按照学科领域进行了分类。

通用学术英语教学参考词表通常包括以下学科领域的词汇：
1. 人文学科：包括历史、哲学、文学、语言学等学科的常用词汇。

2. 社会科学：包括政治学、经济学、社会学、心理学等学科的常用词汇。

3. 自然科学：包括物理学、化学、生物学、地质学等学科的常用词汇。

4. 工程与技术：包括机械工程、电子工程、计算机科学、材料科学等学科的常用词汇。

5. 医学与健康：包括医学、生物学、营养学、药学等学科的常用词汇。

该词汇表通常会提供每个单词的音标、释义和用法，以及一些相关的例句和练习题，帮助学生更好地掌握这些词汇。

除了通用学术英语教学参考词表，还有一些其他的学术英语词汇表和教学资源，如学科专业英语词汇表、学术英语词典、学术英语阅读材料等，可以帮助学生提高学术英语水平。

学术英语单词(1-5)第一单元1.free enterprise自由企业制度2.adversity不幸，逆境3.capitalistic 资本主义的pelling 令人信服的5.array 大群，大量6.stockholder 股东7.work force 劳动力8.prospective 可能的9.underestimate 低估10.dedication 奉献11.perseverance 坚忍12.mailable 可邮寄的13.cooperative 合作完成的14.on-demand 按要求的15.billionaire 亿万富翁16.undercapitalization 资本不足17.convertible 敞篷汽车18.sander 打磨机19.vendor 卖家20.stockbroker 股票经纪人21.personality 名人22.facet 一个方面23.mutual fund 共同基金24.oceanic evaporation 海洋蒸发25.business plan 经营策划26.customer service 顾客服务27.fraud 欺骗28.road map 指南29.transaction 交易30.price-targeting strategy 区别定价战略31.pricing 定价32.hassle 困难，麻烦33.self-targeting 使自己成为目标34.prise 撬开35.insensitive 不敏感的，反应迟钝的36.recipe 菜谱37.make sth. of sb/sth. 利用（机遇）38.illuminating 使清楚易懂的39.turn sth on its head使……与之前相反的40.premium 溢价41.profitable 有利可图的42.chili 小红辣椒43.triple 使成三倍44.markup 涨价45.whopping 巨大的46.crisp 薯片47.snack 吃零食48.admittedly 确实，无可否认的49.irritated 生气的50.outwit 以智取胜51.close substitutes 功能接近的替代品52.business landscape 商业格局，商业环境petitive dynamics 竞争的态势54.social web 社交网站55.sicial networking site（SNS）社交网站56.Facebook Wall 脸谱的涂鸦墙57.call center 呼叫中心58.support staff 向客户提供支持的员工petitive advantage 竞争优势60.adoption of new technology 新技术的采用61.log in 登陆62.news feed 即使新闻，动态消息63.target audience 目标受众64.text message 手机短信65.overestimate 高估66.relevance 重要性67.mainframe 主机68.underway 在进行中69.portal 门户网站70.order of magnitude 数量级71.traffic 受到访问72.cohort 一批人73.feat 事迹74.technophobic 畏惧技术的75.overly 太76.unnavigable 无法导航的77.anonymous 匿名的78.blur 变模糊79.recipient 接受者80.rep 代表81.instantaneous瞬间的82.gospel 信念83.responsive 敏感的84.collaborative 协作的85.smartphone 智能手机86.axis 参考轴线87.leap-frog 革命性的产品88.enterpreneur 企业家89.price sensitive/insensitive 对价格敏感90.sale force 销售队伍第二单元1. 4 Ps of marketing:营销4P理论，包括产品，渠道，价格和促销2.marketing manager 营销经理3.target market 目标市场4.discount store 折扣商品5.exclusive distribution 独家经销6.Public relations 公共关系7.sales promotion 促销8.event marketing 事件营销9.marketer 营销人员10.stakeholder 股东monality 共同特性12.Manipulation 操纵13.charged 引起强烈感情的14.maximize 使……最大化15.entice 诱惑16.nutritious 有营养的17.sociological 社会学的18.scent 气味19.tangible 可触知的20.intangible 触摸不到的21.boutique 精品店22.lifeblood 命脉23.capitalism 资本主义24.profitability 利润25.the act of sales 销售行为26.manage customer relationships管理客户关系27.business philosophy 经营理念28.satisfy consumer requirements 满足客户需求29.Manipulate the tools of marketing 实用营销工具，操纵市场营销的工具30.entice consumers to buy products 吸引消费者购买产品31.effective marketing 有效营销32.ideal target market 理想目标市场33.promote products 促销产品34.利益最大化maximize interest35.产品包装the packaging of the product36.产品设计与生产the design and manufacturing of the product37.知名品牌established brand38.消费产品consumer a product39.减少生产成本cut the cost of manufacturing40.stupidity 愚蠢41.robust 强健的42.icon 偶像43.senseless 无道理的44.accessory 配饰，配件45.hindsight 事后聪明46.in/with hindsight 事后认识47.excrement 粪便48.detergent 洗涤剂49.powerhouse 强大的组织50.Acumen 敏锐51.superiority 优势52.iconic 偶像的53.shampoo 洗发剂54.retailer 零售商55.disposable 用后即丢弃的56.diaper 尿布57.offshore 国外的58.to say the least 最起码59.stunningly 极好的60.tampon 月经棉布61.taboo 禁忌62.normalization 正常化63.billboard 广告牌64.over-brand 品牌建设过度65.venture capital firm 风险投资公司66.paid listing 付费列表67.give sth a whirl try sth that you are not sure you are going to like or able to do 尝试68.cull 挑选69.algorithm 算法70.experientially 基于经验的71.phenomenally 非凡地72.bog sth down make sth delayed so that no progress is made 使停顿73.extraneous 非必要的74.show of hands 举手示意75.accountancy 会计工作76.protfolio 业务或投资组合77.momentum 动量78.photon 光子79.advertising 广告80.business philosophy 经营理念81.personal selling 个人销售第三单元1.merchandising strategy 铺货策略，产品陈列策略2.logistics 物流，后勤3.inventory 存货，库存4.overstocking 存货过剩5.understocking 库存不足6.fiscal 财年7.slowdowm 减速，衰退8.joint venture 合资企业9.supercenter大型超市10.merchandise 商品，货物11.headwind 逆风12.tortilla 墨西哥玉米饼13.gravitate 被吸引14.customization 定制15.persistence 坚持不懈16.centerpiece 核心17.mesh 相配18.Styrofoam 聚苯乙烯泡沫塑料19.Cellophane 玻璃纸20.turn one’s nose up at sth 瞧不起21.antagonism 对抗22.hypermarket 大型超市23.operations strategy 运营策略24.growth strategy 发展策略25.consumer preference 消费者偏好26.international expansion 国际扩展27.shopping behavior 购物行为28.strategy of everyday low price 每天低价策略29.keep inventory to a minimum 库存最小化30.stock option 认股权31.licensing agreement 特许权协议32.foreign direct investment （FDI）外国直接投资33.premium 优质的34.roast 烘焙35.enchant 迷住36.brew 泡（茶），煮（咖啡）37.beverage 饮料38.pastry 糕点39.obscurity 无名40.franchise 给予特许经营权41.licensee 执照持有人42.replicate 复制43.adhere 坚持44.parameter 特点45.skeptic 怀疑者46.brisk 轻快的，兴旺的47.embark on sth 着手48.royalty 特许权使用费49.specification 规格50.disenchanted 不抱幻想的51.subsidiary 分公司52.wholly-owned subsidiary 全资子公司53.majority stake 多数股权54.an order of magnitude 数量级55.RSVP（reply please or please respond）请回复56.niche 利基市场57.magnitude 大小58.domain 域名59.authentication 证明60.initiate 开始61.outnumber 数量上超过62.privacy 隐私63.categorize 使……分类64.cachet 声望65.ironic 有讽刺意味的66.instrumental 对……有重要作用的67.longevity 持续时间68.beget 引起69.hierarchy 等级70.entail 导致71.know-how 诀窍72.accumulate 积累第四单元1.strategic planning 战略规划2.business ethics 商业道德3.personal integrity 个人诚信4.knowledge worker 知识工作者5.cost of labor 劳动力成本6.added value 附加价值7.customer segment 客户细分市场8.equivocate 含糊其辞9.ambivalent 有矛盾心里的10.reiterate 重申11.resonance 共鸣12.baffle 使困惑13.flock 聚集14.charismatic 有号召力的15.endeavor 尝试，努力16.intuitively 直觉地17.doctoral 博士的18.give sth. prominence 重视19.right-minded 有正义感的20.archivist 档案保管员21.distillation 观点，摘要22.ethics 伦理23.baseline 基线24.motivation 动力25.admonish 告诫26.wanting 有欠缺的27.admonition 告诫lennium 一千年29.casualty 受害者30.dexterity 灵巧31.paradigm 范式32.restate 重申33.relate to sb/sth feel that you understand sb’s problem,situation认同34.profound 深邃的35.effective leadership 有效领导36.management practice 管理实践37.strategic planning 战略规划38.mission 使命39.vision statement 愿景宣言40.objective 客观的/中短期目标41.performance 绩效42.insight 洞察力43.Investor training schemes 人力投资奖44.HR director 人力资源总监45.CSR（corporate social responsibility）企业社会责任46.MD（managing director）常务董事，董事总经理47.grill 在（烤架上）炙烤48.formative （对某人或某事发展）有重大影响的49.from……onward 从……起一直50.multinational 跨国的51.unfold 开展52.portfolio 业务或投资组合53.franchise 特许经营权，加盟店54.accreditation 鉴定合格55.prestigious 享有声望的56.buddy 伙伴，好朋友57.induction 入职培训58.coaching 培训59.funky 时尚的60.eclectic 兼收并蓄的61.junction 连接点62.roll out 逐步推广63.ethos 风气64.contingency 意外事件65.procurement 采购66.recruitment 招聘67.hygiene 卫生68.progression 进步69.enabler 促成因素70.diversity 多元化petency 能力72.occurrence 发生的事73.physiological 生理的74.self-actualization 自我实现75.hierarchical 等级制度的76.esteem 尊敬77.nourishment 营养78.esthetics 美学79.profound 感情）强烈的80.lever 方法81.Intuitive 直觉的82.contradict 与……矛盾83.leading indicator领先指标84.income statement 损益表85.balance sheet 资产负债平衡表gging indicator 滞后指标87.hierarchy of needs 需求金字塔第五单元1.B2B（business-to-business）企业对企业的电子商务2.B2C：企业对消费者的电子商务3.carrying cost 置存成本（维持成本）4.General Motors 通用汽车公司puter industry almanac 计算机产业年鉴公司6.wholesaler 批发商7.supplier供应商8.bid 出价9.navigate 浏览（网站）10.individualized 有个性的11.formidable 了不起的12.shakeout 重大改革13.optimism 乐观主义14.analyst 分析家15.broadband 宽带16.allocate 分配17.project 预测18.cost-effective 合算的19.originate 起源于20.demographic 人口统计的21.societal 社会的22.e-business models 电子商务模式23.reduce expenses 减少开销24.corporate clients 企业客户25.unsold inventory 未售存货26.wholesalers and retailers 批发商和零售商parison shopping 比较购物28.buying preferences 购物偏好29.individualized service 个性化服务30.创造销售收入generate sales revenues31.简化交易程序32.facilitate sales transactions33.标价合理，高品质的产品fairly priced,high-quality computer products.34.大量的原材料rge quantities of raw materials36.增加购买量37.increase the volume of purchases38.与消费者建立长期的关系39.build long-term relationships with the customers40.互联网的宽带连接41.broadband access to the Internet42.conduct business 开展业务43.growth opportunity 增长时机44.Chief Marketing Officer（CMO）市场总监panion ticket 同伴优惠票46.gift certificate 购物礼券47.bookmark 把……添加到收藏夹48.lucrative 利润丰厚的49.roam 漫游，闲逛50.gnome （故事）地精51.the spotlight 媒体的关注52.rock-bottom 最低价ability 可用性54.mourn 为……哀痛55.outfit 全套服装56.fashionista 时尚达人57.wunderkind 神童58.pretax 纳税前的59.chic 时髦的60.showcase 展示61.glossy 服装杂志62.decode 解（密码）63.exponentially 成倍地64.purveyor 供应商65.tidal 潮水似的66.hover 徘徊67.fabulous 极好的68.upheaval 激变69.fray 使烦恼70.coverage 新闻报道71.runway 时装表演台72.avant-garde 先锋的73.time-starved 时间紧张的74.honor system 诚信制度75.encryption 加密76.unencrypt 不加密77.installment 部分78.defer 推迟79.entirety 全面80.infrastructure 公共建设81.alternate 可供替代的82.cap 对规定限额83.untrustworthy 不能信赖的84.viable 切实可行的85.serialization 连载86.tweak 稍稍调整87.in conjunction 与……协力88.tight-lipped 闭口不谈的89.flippant 轻率的90.flip 按动（开关）91.distribution channel 分销渠道92.e-commerce infrastructure 电子商务基础设施93.enhance reputation 提高声誉94.sales transaction 销售事务95.vacation package 旅行套餐（计划）第11 页2022-4-26。

学术英语词汇大全学术领域对于学术英语词汇的需求极为重要。

准确且丰富的学术词汇不仅能够提升学术论文的质量，还能够帮助学者更好地理解和沟通学术研究。

本篇文章旨在为读者提供一份学术英语词汇大全，以便在学术写作中增强表达能力和准确性。

一、研究方法与设计（Research Methods and Design）1. 实证研究（Empirical Research）- 使用观察和实验证据作为研究的基础，旨在验证假设或理论。

2. 实验研究（Experimental Research）- 在控制条件下对研究对象进行干预和观察，以验证因果关系。

3. 定量研究（Quantitative Research）- 依赖于数量化数据和统计分析，以验证和解释现象之间的关系。

4. 定性研究（Qualitative Research）- 通过收集和分析非数量化数据，探索现象背后的深层意义和理解。

5. 横断面研究（Cross-sectional Study）- 在特定时间点上收集数据，以了解不同变量之间的关系。

6. 纵向研究（Longitudinal Study）- 对同一群体进行多次观察，以了解变量随时间的变化。

7. 质性研究（Mixed Methods Research）- 结合定量和定性研究方法，以全面理解研究对象。

二、文献综述和理论框架（Literature Review and Theoretical Framework）1. 学术论文（Academic Paper）- 详细描述研究问题、方法、结果和结论的学术文章。

2. 文献综述（Literature Review）- 对已有文献进行全面评估和分析，以支持研究问题和方法的选择。

3. 引用文献（Citation）- 在学术论文中使用其他作者的观点、理论或研究结果时，提供出处和参考文献列表的方法。

4. 理论框架（Theoretical Framework）- 在学术研究中构建理论模型或概念框架，以解释和解决研究问题。

学术英语（医学）课后词组Unit 11． overload 神经过载typical 典型的诊所就诊DEXA扫描行医5. control 血压控制健康保持7. report 乳房X线检查报告8. examination 体检9. of a medication 药物的副作用永久的恐慌11. physicians 职业医生12. field 移植领域医疗预算扑热息痛药片15. cap 防孩子打开的盖子16. clinical trial 随机临床试验随机分配病人的预后19. group 对照组10-year study 10年的跟踪研究medical 内科病房传染性肝炎身体严重不适胆红素代谢damage 永久的肝损伤加重病理生理状况医学文献临床调查29. of relapse 复发率临床流行病学严格的卧床休息住院反复发作的黄疸临床病程35 morphine 静脉注射吗啡36 blood pressure 舒张压大脑血灌输38. care初级保健arterial 主动脉冠状动脉旁路40. treatment decision知情治疗决international grou p一个国际人道组织Red 红十字会first major effort第一次重大援助工作44 of war 战争中的人员伤亡45. relief efforts 紧急援助、Unit 21 disease(再现疾病)flu 新流感变种and 抗生素和疫苗4. disease传染病5 disease新现疾病6 strategy预防策略腺鼠疫8. microbes病原微生物heath 公共卫生机构抗药性of antibiotic thera py抗生素治疗疗程猩红热level of 毒性水平流感大流行表面抗原16. shift基因改变神经性并发症of 免疫力减弱health 公共卫生基础设施malaria 一个疟疾病例21. flu猪流感22. bacillus结核杆菌of morbidity发病率水平保健专业人士25 tuberculosis潜伏结核病结核素皮试27. programmes筛查计划28. gamma tests γ干扰素测试药物毒性disease一种可治愈的病31, infectious disease难治的传染病unknown 一种未知的病原体gastric 慢性胃溃疡34 to carries of disease接触带病者35,genetic 基因重组of 生物恐怖活动病原37. infections通过食物传播的传染病Unit 3surge of 肾上腺素激增internal medicine 内科实习期disease 自体免疫of 丧失持久力5. weakness 短暂的虚弱卧床不起building 基本构件animal 动物模型slow 减缓神经退化toxins排除毒素nutrition 优化营养毒素载量risk of 复发危险医生自我实验clinical 临床试验16. electrical stimulation神经肌肉电刺激理疗师impact of 微量营养素的影响脑功能2 the emotional flow 跟踪情绪波动21 of emotions 情绪协调22. reactions 心血管反应of t 亲密感觉情绪传染互相调节unit生物心理单元情感慰藉resonance 功能性磁共振成像brain zones激活该脑部区域make it 使之成为强制性project 无把握的项目background 医学背景of 概念验证剂量方案36. or concomitant cond itions并发症与合并症37 agents 抗肿瘤的药剂标准疗法39. properties 药理学特性溶解性差41. pharmacology 体内药理学Unit 41. medicine 补充医学2. medicine 替代医学medical 医疗模式4. and herbs 针灸和草药treatment 辅助治疗6. a and vomiting 恶心，呕吐7. dental pain 术后牙痛. trials 临床试验9. therapy 物理疗法，理疗10 modalities 治疗方法therapeutic 治疗干预design 研究设计e 磁共振tomography 正电子发射型计算机断层成像15 effect 止痛效果生物医学界17. unit康复中心18. acupuncturist 持照针灸师治疗策略草药配方wide array of 各式各样的并发症22. East-West medicine 中西医结合23. abdominal pain 急性腹痛medicines 施药，用药外科手术科学评估27. statistics患病率统计prevalence28. therapies 传统疗法29. models of care询证医学模式压力处理31 nervous system 周围神经系统.peripheral生理机制and studies 机制和还原式研究34. research 效益研究临床结果36. and clinical studies 临床前及临床研究37 mechanisms可能的机制38 therapies 推拿治疗39. medicine 顺势疗法40. medicine 自然疗法41. and yoga冥想与瑜伽Unit 5health 健康危机s 身体症状and 能量和活力completely I from sth.对某事完全免疫5. of falseness 虚假的病毒有压力的生活方式7. t emotion 健全的感情8. health 脆弱的健康our mind ,body and spir it平衡心理、身体和精神10. life精神生活to wellness 通向身心健康的“路障”12. emotions 被压抑的感情13. feelings and emotion 真情实感14. l influences 心理影响human beings 十全十美的人16. teeth 蛀牙17 professor 营养教授迅速膨胀的腰围19. water 瓶装水热量摄入curb 节制食欲and 谷物和蛋白质儿童肥胖症24 protein 精益蛋白质25. habits 饮食习惯26. of life 生活质量27. category 乳制品类of 糖尿病的预防钠的含量Unit 61. homes养老院2 care临终关怀heart 充血性心衰24小时随叫随到5 care unit冠心病监护室to treatment对治疗有反应nursing 专业护理机构8. care生命终末期护理9. care舒适护理planner出院计划专员11 care症状护理12 care姑息疗法13. illness绝症obstructive disease慢性阻塞性肺病15. treatments实验性治疗精神顾问all treatment终止所有治疗go through 经历透析PAP 巴氏涂片检查relationship医患关系provide 提供常规医护22. examinations预防性检查the path离开熟路，另辟蹊径into a shape塑形a prescription照旧处方再开药vitro 体外受精27. biology基础生物学research胚胎干细胞研究with an outside与圈外人合作baby试管婴儿31. sciences生殖科学administer 施用激素isolate eggs 分离未成熟卵子34. observations经验观察35. work首创研究fibre-optic 光导纤维内窥镜37. guidelines伦理原则社会关注39. couples不孕不育夫妇40. disease遗传疾病囊泡性纤维症伦理困境Unit 7nursing 护士站2. machines 生命维持系统舒适护理措施treatments 停止治疗5. decision-making proces s 家长式决策程序给病人授权医学伦理学家伦理准则临床理念10. care 以病人为中心的护理病人自主权治疗选择13. purview 专属领域14. decisions 紧急状况下做的决定对医生的限制16. and confusion 焦虑与困惑违背伦理家庭医疗广泛转移20. treatment 积极治疗21 lesion 原发病灶recommend 建议随访电子病历肺栓塞计算机断层扫描CT双侧浸润X-ray X线胸片pneumonia 左下肺叶肺炎29. breathing 呼吸困难hospice 临终关怀团队31. illness 慢性病32 aspects 社会心理学领域循证临床指南a plan of care 实施治疗方案Unit 8人体研究对象2. research 生物医学研究公认的治疗formal 正式方案principle of 有利原则principle of 公正原则7. agents 有自主能力的行为者8. autonomy 自主性减弱risk of harm 使……面临受害危险希波克拉底誓言in 分配的公正性知情同意and outcomes 公正的程序和结果table 手术台ethical 伦理责任neurosurgeon 儿科神经外科医生pediatricthe surgery 做手术血流19. care 重症监护20. father 义父21. father 生父22. needs 心理需要23. judgment 医学判断24. therapy 职业疗法meningitis 感染脑膜炎die of an 死于感染血管in 循环的不平衡of human research subjec ts 人类研究对象的安宁approve or all researc h activities 批准或不批准所有的研究活动review a 审查一个研究计划risk of civil or criminal 有民事或刑事责任的危险参考答案Unit 11. neuron 神经2. office visit(诊所)就诊3. scan 扫描4. medical practice 行医5. blood pressure 血压6. maintenance(健康)保持7. mammogram 乳房Ｘ线 8. physical 身体9. side effect 副作用10. panic 恐慌11. practicing 执业12. transplant 移植13. budget 预算14. tablet 药片15. childproof 防孩子16. randomized 随机17. allocation(随机)分配18. prognosis 预后19. control 对照20. follow-up 跟踪21. ward 病房22. hepatitis 肝炎23. malaise 身体不适24. metabolism 代谢肝病理生理27. literature 文献28. investigation 调查29. incidence 率30. epidemiology 流行病学 31. bed rest 卧床休息32. hospital stay 住院33. jaundice 黄疸34. course 病程35. intravenous 静脉注射36. diastolic 舒张37. perfusion 灌注38. primary 初级39. bypass(冠脉)旁路40. informed 知情41. humanitarian 人道主义 42. the Red Cross 红十字会 43. relief 援助44. casualty 人员伤亡45. emergency 紧急Unit 21. re-emerging 再现2. strain 变种3. vaccine 疫苗4. infectious 传染性的5. emerging 新出现6. prevention 预防7. plague 鼠疫8. pathogenic 病原的9. authorities 机构10. drug resistanc 抗药性 11. course 疗程12. scarlet fever 猩红热13. virulence 毒性14. pandemic 大流行15. antigen 抗原16. genetic 基因的17. neurological 神经性18. immunity 免疫力19. infrastructure 基础设施 20. case 病例21. swine 猪22. tuberculosis 结核23. morbidity/incidence发病率24. professionals 专业人士 25. latent 潜伏26. skin test 皮试27. screening 筛查28. interferon 干扰素29. toxicity 毒性30. curable 可治愈的31. intractable 难治的32. pathogen 病原体33. ulcer 溃疡34. exposure 接触(带病者)35. recombination 重组36. bioterrorism 生物恐怖活动37. foodborne 生物传播Unit 31. adrenaline 肾上腺素2. residency 实习3. autoimmune 自身免疫4.stamina 持久力5. transient 短暂的6. bedridden 卧床不起7. building block 基本构件 8. model 模型9. neurodegeneration 神经退化排除(毒素) 优化载量复发自我实验试验神经肌肉治疗师微量营养素功能跟踪协调心血管亲密同步传染调节生物心理慰藉ＭＲＩ激活强制性无把握的背景概念方案并发症抗肿瘤标准的药理学的溶解性vivo 体内Unit 41. complementary 补充2. alternative 替代(医学)3. paradigm 模式4. acupuncture 针灸5. adjunct 辅助6. nausea 恶心7. post-operative 术后8. clinical 临床的9. physical therapy 理疗10. therapeutic 治疗(方法) 11. intervention 干预12. design 设计13. resonance 共振14. emission 发射ＰＥＴ15. analgesia 止痛16. establishment(生物医学)界17. rehabilitation 康复18. licensed 持照(针灸师)19. strategies 策略20. formulas 配方21. wide array 各式各样的 22. integrative(中西医)结合 23. acute 急性的24. administer 给药25. procedure 程序26. evaluation 评估27. prevalence 患病率28. conventional 传统(疗法) 29. evidence-based 循证的 30. management(压力)处理 31. peripheral外周／外围 32. mechanisms 机制33. reductionistic 还原式的效益 35. outcomes 结果36. preclinical 临床前37. plausible 可能的38. manipulative 推拿39. homeopathic 顺势40. naturopathic 自然(疗法) 41. meditation 冥想Unit 51. crisis 危机2. symptoms 症状3. vitality 活力4. immune 免疫5. virus 病毒6. lifestyle 生活方式7. robust 健全的8. fragile 脆弱的9. balance 平衡10. spiritual 精神的11. blockages 路障12. repressed 被压抑的13. genuine 真实的(真情实感)14. physiological 心理15. integrated 整合的(十全十美)16. decaying teeth 蛀牙17. nutrition 营养18. waistline 腰围19. bottled 瓶装(水)20. intake 摄入21. appetite 食欲22. protein 蛋白质23. obesity 肥胖症24. lean 精益的(蛋白质)25. dietary 饮食(习惯)26. quality 质量27. dairy 乳制品28. diabetes 糖尿病29. content 含量Unit 61. nursing home 养老院2. hospice 临终(关怀)3. failure(心)衰around-the-clock24小时随叫随到5. coronary 冠心病6. respond(对治疗有)反应7. facility 机构8. end-of-life 终末期9. comfort 舒适的(护理)10. hospital discharge出院 11. care(症状)护理12. palliative 姑息的13. fatal illness 绝症14. pulmonary 肺的ＣＯＰＤ15. experimental 实验性的 16. advisors 顾问17. discontinue 终止18. dialysis 透析19. smear 涂片20. provider 医患关系21. care-as-usual 常规医护 22. preventive 预防性23. beaten 常用的 offthe beaten path 离开熟路,另辟蹊径24. mold into the shape塑形25. renew 重新开始 torenew a prescription 照旧处方再开药26. fertilization 授精27. basic 基础的(生物学)28. stem cell 干细胞29. collaborate 合作30. test-tube 试管(婴儿)31. reproductive 生殖的32. hormones 激素33. immature 未成熟的34. empirical 经验(观察)35. pioneering 首创的36. endoscope 内镜37. ethical 伦理的38. concern(社会)关注39. infertile 不孕不育的40. inherited 遗传性的41. fibrosis 纤维化42. dilemmas 困境Unit 71. station(护士)站2. life-support 生命维持(系统)3. measures 护理措施4. withdraw 停止(治疗)5. paternalistic 家长式的6. empowerment 授权7. ethicists 伦理学家8. principles 准则9. ideal 理念以病人为中心的11. autonomy 自主权12. options 选择13. exclusive purview 专属的(领域)14. emergency 紧急(决定)15. restraint 限制16. anxiety 焦虑17. transgression 违背18. practice(家庭)医疗19. metastases(广泛)转移20. aggressive 积极的21. primary 原发22. follow-up 随访23. record 病历24. embolism 栓塞25. tomography 断层摄像ＣＴ26. infiltrates 浸润27. chest 胸28. lower-lobe 左下叶29. labored(呼吸)困难30. team 团队31. chronic 慢性的32. psychosocial 社会心理 33. guidelines 指南34. implement 实施(治疗方案)Unit 1 动脉旁路overload 神经过载typical office visit 典型的诊所就诊scan DEXA扫描practicing 行医pressure control 血压控制maintenance 健康保持report 乳房X线检查报告 examination 体检effect of a medication 药物的副作用panic 永久的恐慌physicians 职业医生field 移植领域budget 医疗预算tablet 扑热息痛药片cap 防孩子打开的盖子 clinical trial 随机临床试验allocation 随机分配prognosis 病人的预后group 对照组10-year follow-up study10年的跟踪研究medical ward 内科病房hepatitis 传染性肝炎malaise 身体严重不适metabolism 胆红素代谢liver damage 永久的肝损伤pathophysiology 加重病理生理状况literature 医学文献investigation 临床调查of relapse 复发率epidemiology 临床流行病学bed rest 严格的卧床休息stay 住院jaundice 反复发作的黄疸course 临床病程morphine 静脉注射吗啡blood pressure 舒张压perfusion 大脑血灌输care初级保健arterial bypass主动脉冠状助工作treatment decision 知情治疗决internationalhumanitarian group一个国际人道组织Red Cross 红十字会first major reliefeffort 第一次重大援 ofwar 战争中的人员伤亡relief efforts 紧急援助Unit 3surge of adrenaline 肾上腺素激增internal medicineresidency 内科实习期autoimmune disease 自体免疫of stamina 丧失持久力weakness 短暂的虚弱bedridden 卧床不起building block基本构件animal model 动物模型slow neurodegeneration减缓神经退化excrete toxins排除毒素optimize nutrition 优化营养load毒素载量risk of relapse 复发危险self-experimentation医生自我实验clinical trial 临床试验electrical stimulation神经肌肉电刺激therapist 理疗师impact ofmicronutrients 微量营养素的影响function 脑功能the emotional flow 跟踪情绪波动of emotions 情绪协调reactions 心血管反应of rapport 亲密感觉entrain 迅速同步contagion 情绪传染mutually regulation 互相调节psychobiological unit生物心理单元solace情感慰藉magnetic resonanceimaging功能性磁共振成像activate brain zones激活该脑部区域make it mandatory 使之成为强制性(n) dubious project无把握的项目background医学背景of concept概念验证regimen 剂量方案or concomitant conditions并发症与合并症agents 抗肿瘤的药剂therapy标准疗法properties 药理学特性solubility 溶解性差vivo pharmacology 体内药理学 Unit 5health crisis 健康危机 symptoms 身体症状and vitality 能量和活力 completely immune from sth.对某事完全免疫of falseness 虚假的病毒 lifestyle 有压力的生活方式emotion 健全的感情health 脆弱的健康balance our mind ,body and spirit平衡心理、身体和精神life精神生活blockage to wellness 通向身心健康的“路障”emotions 被压抑的感情feelings and emotion真情实感influences 心理影响integrated human beings 十全十美的人teeth 蛀牙professor 营养教授waistline 迅速膨胀的腰围water 瓶装水intake 热量摄入 curb appetite 节制食欲and protein 谷物和蛋白质obesity 儿童肥胖症protein 精益蛋白质habits 饮食习惯of life 生活质量category 乳制品类of diabetes糖尿病的预防content 钠的含量Unit 7nursing station 护士站machines 生命维持系统measures 舒适护理措施withdraw treatments 停止治疗decision-making process家长式决策程序empowerment 给病人授权ethicists 医学伦理学家principles 伦理准则ideal 临床理念care 以病人为中心的护理autonomy 病人自主权options 治疗选择purview 专属领域decisions 紧急状况下做的决定restraint 对医生的限制and confusion 焦虑与困惑transgression 违背伦理practice 家庭医疗metastases 广泛转移treatment 积极治疗lesion 原发病灶recommend follow-up 建议随访record 电子病历embolism 肺栓塞tomography CT，计算机断层扫描infiltrates双侧浸润(n) chest X-ray(X线胸片)lower-lobe pneumonia左下肺叶肺炎breathing呼吸困难hospice team临终关怀团队illness慢性病aspects 社会心理学领域guidelines 循证临床指南implement a plan of care实施治疗方案。

学术英语（医学）课后词组Unit 11.neuron overload 神经过载2.a typical office visit 典型的诊所就诊3.DEXA scan DEXA扫描4.medical practicing 行医5.blood pressure control 血压控制6.health maintenance 健康保持7.Mammogram report 乳房X线检查报告8.physical examination 体检9.side effect of a medication 药物的副作用10.perpetual panic 永久的恐慌11.practicing physicians 职业医生12.transplant field 移植领域13.medical budget 医疗预算14.paracetamol tablet 扑热息痛药片15.childproof cap 防孩子打开的盖子16.randomized clinical trial 随机临床试验17.Random allocation 随机分配18.patient prognosis 病人的预后19.control group 对照组20.a 10-year follow-up study 10年的跟踪研究21.a medical ward 内科病房22.infectious hepatitis 传染性肝炎23.Severe malaise 身体严重不适24.bilirubin metabolism 胆红素代谢25.permanent liver damage 永久的肝损伤26.exacerbate pathophysiology 加重病理生理状况27.Medical literature 医学文献28.clinical investigation 临床调查29.incedence of relapse 复发率30.clinical epidemiology 临床流行病学31.strict bed rest 严格的卧床休息32.hospital stay 住院33.recurrent jaundice 反复发作的黄疸34.clinical course 临床病程35.intravenous morphine 静脉注射吗啡36.diastolic blood pressure 舒张压37.brain perfusion 大脑血灌输38.primary care初级保健39.aorto-coronary arterial bypass主动脉冠状动脉旁路rmed treatment decision知情治疗决41.an international humanitarian group一个国际人道组织42.the Red Cross 红十字会43.The first major relief effort第一次重大援助工作44.casualty of war 战争中的人员伤亡45.emergency relief efforts 紧急援助Unit 21.re-emerging disease(再现疾病)2.new flu strain新流感变种3.antibiotics and vaccines抗生素和疫苗4.infectious disease传染病5.emergent disease新现疾病6.prevention strategy预防策略7.bubonic plague腺鼠疫8.pathogenic microbes病原微生物9.public heath authorities公共卫生机构10.drug resistance抗药性11.an course of antibiotic therapy抗生素治疗疗程12.scarlet fever猩红热13.the level of virulence毒性水平14.flu pandemic流感大流行15.surface antigen 表面抗原16.genetic shift基因改变17.neurological complications 神经性并发症18.waning of immunity免疫力减弱19.public health infrastructure公共卫生基础设施20.a malaria case一个疟疾病例21.swine flu猪流感22.tuberculosis bacillus结核杆菌23.the level of morbidity发病率水平24.health professional保健专业人士tent tuberculosis潜伏结核病26.tuberculin skin test结核素皮试27.screening programmes筛查计划28.interferon gamma tests γ干扰素测试29.drug toxicity药物毒性30.an curable disease一种可治愈的病31,intractable infectious disease难治的传染病32.an unknown pathogen一种未知的病原体33.chronic gastric ulcer慢性胃溃疡34.34.exposure to carries of disease接触带病者35,genetic recombination基因重组36.agent of bioterrorism生物恐怖活动病原37.foodborne infections通过食物传播的传染病Unit 31.the surge of adrenaline 肾上腺素激增2.an internal medicine residency 内科实习期3.an autoimmune disease 自体免疫4.loss of stamina 丧失持久力5.transient weakness 短暂的虚弱6.becoming bedridden 卧床不起7.a building block基本构件8.an animal model 动物模型9.to slow neurodegeneration减缓神经退化10.to excrete toxins排除毒素11.to optimize nutrition 优化营养12.toxic load毒素载量13.the risk of relapse 复发危险14.physician self—experimentation医生自我实验15.a clinical trial 临床试验16.neuromuscular electrical stimulation 神经肌肉电刺激17.physical therapist 理疗师18.the impact of micronutrients 微量营养素的影响19.brain function 脑功能20.20.track the emotional flow 跟踪情绪波动21.coordination of emotions 情绪协调22.cardiovascular reactions 心血管反应23.feeling of rapport 亲密感觉24.rapid entrain 迅速同步25.emotional contagion 情绪传染26.to mutually regulation 互相调节27.a psychobiological unit生物心理单元28.emotional solace 情感慰藉29.functional magnetic resonanceimaging功能性磁共振30.to active brain zones激活该脑部区域31.to make it mandatory使之成为强制性32.a dubious project 无把握的项目33.medical background 医学背景34.proof of concept 概念验证35.dose regimen 剂量方案plications or concomitant conditions并发症与合并症37.anti-tumor agents 抗肿瘤的药剂38.standard therapy标准疗法39.pharmacology properties 药理学特性40.poor solubility 溶解性差41.in vivo pharmacology 体内药理学Unit 4plementary medicine 补充医学2.alternative medicine 替代医学3.a medical paradigm 医疗模式4.acupuncture and herbs 针灸和草药5.adjunct treatment 辅助治疗6.nausea and vomiting 恶心，呕吐7.post-operative dental pain 术后牙痛8.clinical trials 临床试验9.physical therapy 物理疗法，理疗10.therapeutic modalities 治疗方法11.a therapeutic intervention治疗干预12.Research design 研究设计13.magnetic resonance 磁共振14.positron emission tomography 正电子发射型计算机断层成像15.analgesia effect 止痛效果16.biomedical establishment 生物医学界17.rehabilitation unit康复中心18.licensed acupuncturist 持照针灸师19.therapeutic strategies治疗策略20.herbal formulas草药配方21.a wide array of complications 各式各样的并发症22.Integrative East-West medicine 中西医结合23.acute abdominal pain 急性腹痛24.to administer medicines 施药，用药25.surgical procedure 外科手术26.scientific evaluation 科学评估27.prevalence statistics患病率统计28.conventional therapies 传统疗法29.evidence-based models of care询证医学模式30.stress management 压力处理31.peripheral nervous system 周围神经系统32.physiologic mechanisms生理机制33.mechanistic and reductionistic studies 机制和还原式研究34.cost-effectiveness research 效益研究35.clinical outcomes 临床结果36.preclinical and clinical studies 临床前及临床研究37.plausible mechanisms可能的机制38.manipulative therapies 推拿治疗39.homeopathic medicine 顺势疗法40.naturopathic medicine 自然疗法41.meditation and yoga冥想与瑜伽Unit 51.a health crisis 健康危机2.physical symptoms 身体症状3.Energy and vitality 能量和活力4.be completely immune from sth.对某事完全免疫5.virus of falseness 虚假的病毒6.stressful lifestyle 有压力的生活方式7.robust emotion 健全的感情8.fragile health 脆弱的健康9.to balance our mind ,body and spirit平衡心理、身体和精神10.spiritual life精神生活11.the blockage to wellness 通向身心健康的“路障”12.repressed emotions 被压抑的感情13.genuine feelings and emotion真情实感14.physiological influences 心理影响15.fully integrated human beings 十全十美的人16.decaying teeth 蛀牙17.nutrition professor 营养教授18.burgeoning waistline 迅速膨胀的腰围19.bottled water 瓶装水20.caloric intake 热量摄入21.to curb appetite 节制食欲22.grains and protein 谷物和蛋白质23.childhood obesity 儿童肥胖症24.lean protein 精益蛋白质25.dietary habits 饮食习惯26.quality of life 生活质量27.diary category 乳制品类28.prevention of diabetes糖尿病的预防29.sodium content 钠的含量Unit 61.nursing homes养老院2.hospice care临终关怀3.congestive heart failure充血性心衰4.available around-the-clock24小时随叫随到5.coronary care unit冠心病监护室6.to respond to treatment对治疗有反应7.skilled nursing facility专业护理机构8.end-of-life care生命终末期护理fort care舒适护理10.hospital discharge planner出院计划专员11.symptom care症状护理12.palliative care姑息疗法13.fatal illness绝症14.chronic obstructive pulmonary disease慢性阻塞性肺病15.Experimental treatments实验性治疗16.spiritual advisor精神顾问17.to discontinue all treatment终止所有治疗18.to go through dialysis经历透析19.A PAP smear巴氏涂片检查20.patient-provider relationship医患关系21.to provide care-as-usual提供常规医护22.preventive examinations预防性检查23.off the beaten path离开熟路，另辟蹊径24.to mold into a shape塑形25.To renew a prescription照旧处方再开药26.in vitro fertilization体外受精27.basic biology基础生物学28.embryonic stem cell research胚胎干细胞研究29.to collaborate with an outside与圈外人合作30.a test-tube baby试管婴儿31.reproductive sciences生殖科学32.to administer hormone施用激素33.to isolate immature eggs 分离未成熟卵子34.empirical observations经验观察35.pioneering work首创研究36.a fibre-optic endoscope光导纤维内窥镜37.ethical guidelines伦理原则38.societal concern社会关注39.infertile couples不孕不育夫妇40.inherited disease遗传疾病41.Cystic fibrosis囊泡性纤维症42.ethical dilemma伦理困境Unit 71.a nursing station 护士站2.life-support machines 生命维持系统fort measures 舒适护理措施4.to withdraw treatments 停止治疗5.paternalistic decision-making process 家长式决策程序6.patient empowerment 给病人授权7.medical ethicists 医学伦理学家8.ethical principles 伦理准则9.clinical ideal 临床理念10.patient-centered care 以病人为中心的护理11.patient autonomy 病人自主权12.treatment options 治疗选择13.exclusive purview 专属领域14.emergency decisions 紧急状况下做的决定15.physician restraint 对医生的限制16.anxiety and confusion 焦虑与困惑17.ethical transgression 违背伦理18.family practice 家庭医疗19.widespread metastases 广泛转移20.aggressive treatment 积极治疗21.primary lesion 原发病灶22.to recommend follow-up 建议随访23.electronic record 电子病历24.pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞puterized tomography 计算机断层扫描CT26.bilateral infiltrates 双侧浸润27.a chest X-ray X线胸片28.left lower-lobe pneumonia 左下肺叶肺炎bored breathing 呼吸困难30.the hospice team 临终关怀团队31.chronic illness 慢性病32.psychosocial aspects 社会心理学领域33.evidence-based guidelines 循证临床指南34.to implement a plan of care 实施治疗方案Unit 81.human subject 人体研究对象2.biomedical research 生物医学研究3.accepted therapy 公认的治疗4.a formal protocol 正式方案5.the principle of beneficence 有利原则6.the principle of justice 公正原则7.autonomous agents 有自主能力的行为者8.diminished autonomy 自主性减弱9.be exposed to risk of harm 使……面临受害危险10.Hippocratic Oath 希波克拉底誓言11.fairness in distribution 分配的公正性rmed consent 知情同意13.fair procedures and outcomes 公正的程序和结果14.the operating table 手术台15.an ethical obligation 伦理责任16.a pediatric neurosurgeon 儿科神经外科医生17.to perform the surgery 做手术18.blood flow 血流19.intensive care 重症监护20.adoptive father 义父21.biological father 生父22.psychological needs 心理需要23.medical judgment 医学判断24.occupational therapy 职业疗法25.to contract meningitis 感染脑膜炎26.to die of an infection 死于感染27.blood vessel 血管28.imbalances in circulation 循环的不平衡29.the welfare of human research subjects 人类研究对象的安宁30.to approve or disapprove all research activities 批准或不批准所有的研究活动31.to review a protocol 审查一个研究计划32.at risk of civil or criminal liability 有民事或刑事责任的危险Unit 91.medical school curriculum 医学院课程2.the medical education community 医学教育界3.to meet the public’s expectations 达到公众的期待4.personal attributes 个人品质5.to place value on 看重6.clinical maladies 临床疾患7.diagnostic errors 诊断错误8.classic manifestations 典型临床表现9.the civic mindedness of physicians 医生的民本意识10.polite chatter 礼貌的闲谈11.bedside manner 医生对患者的态度，临床举止12.to scan hospital directories 搜索医院名录13.a integral part 不可分割的一部分14.underserved communities 服务匮乏的社区15.primary care shortage 初级保健缺乏16.certification evaluations 证书评估17.to address the needs 应对需要18.the basics of anatomy 解剖基础知识19.a teaching hospital 教学医院20.an academic medical center 学术医学中心21.to affiliate with teaching hospitals 隶属于教学医院22.continuing medical education credits 继续医学教育学分Unit 101.medical coverage 医疗保险支付范围2.Medicare and Medicaid 医疗保险和医疗救助3.a single-payer system 单一支付者系统4.to subsidize the uncovered 补贴无保险的人5.to deliver value care 提供医疗6.duplicative tests 重复的检查7.a sustained study 长期的研究8.vision deficits 视力缺陷9.a transesophageal echocardiogram （TEE）经食管超声心动图10.an trial thrombus 心房血栓11.a massive embolic stroke 大面积栓塞型脑中风mon carotid artery 颈总动脉13.intracranial branches 颅内段14.middle cerebral artery syndrome 大脑中动脉综合征15.intracranial bleeding 颅内出血16.brain-stem herniation 脑干脱疝17.neurologic recovery 神经功能恢复18.mechanical ventilation 机械通气19.anticoagulant treatment 抗凝血治疗20.intravenous infusions 静脉输液21.an academic surgeon 学术型外科医生22.hospital administrators 医院管理者23.inbound ambulances 入院的救护车24.elective surgery 可做可不做的手术25.acute myocardial infarction 急性心肌梗死26.time-critical conditions 对治疗时间要求紧迫的疾病27.cardiac arrest 心搏停止28.traumatic injuries 外伤，创伤29.percutaneous coronary intervention 经皮冠状动脉介入术30.a multi-payer model 多家支付者模式31.universal insurance programs 全民保险计划32.for-profit insurance 以盈利为目的的保险33.pharmaceutical companies 制药公司34.home-brewed remedies 自创的治疗方法35.pay the bill out-of-pocket 自掏腰包付费。

第1单元1 a(n) symbolic (象征的) gesture of love2 The publisher distributed (分发) the book in Asia.3 A “site”(地点) is a place, and so a website.4 a(n) complex (复杂的) network of systems5 be used to identify (识别) potential terrorists6 deal the matter with him fairly (完全地)7 start with a pretty straightforward (直截了当) question8 beyond the capability (功能) of the computers9 hit the target (目标) at a distance10 the person never attempt (尝试) to do anything more11 a highly sophisticated process (过程)12 work within the parameter (限定因素) of time and budget13 thanks for your kind interpretation (解释)14 use many technical (专业的) terms15 Prices range (变化范围) from 340 U.S. Dollars to 390 U.S. Dollars.16 exploit (开拓) a new market in the city17 be absorbed in the social networking (社交网络)18 involve (涉及) unnecessary extra charges19 only one instance (实例) out of many20 get to know more about the specification (具体的细节) of the wedding21 accompany (陪伴) with her to watch movies22 the only thing predictable (可预言的) about life23learn the profile (概要) of the project第2单元1 throw away a(n) compromised (损坏的) computer2 earn somebody considerable notoriety (恶名)3 be used interchangeably (可互换地)4 A computer has malfunctioned (发生故障).5 squeeze (挤) milk into the bottle6 a(n) ingenious (有独创性的) solution to the problem7 China’s emergence (出现) as a great power8 of humble (卑微的) birth9 Cunning (狡猾的) men often pass for wise.10 exploit their vulnerability (弱点) to fight them11 a suspected criminal (罪犯)12 a jacket with leather patches (补丁) on the elbows.13 the sinister(阴险的) looks on his face14 This is a(n) daunting (艰巨的) challenge.15 the virus that can replicate (复制) itself16 His malicious (恶毒的) gossip caused much mischief.17 The path spirals(盘旋) up the mountain.18 a(n) secure(安全的) operating system19 blur(使模糊) my vision20 stem(阻止) the spread of an epidemic21 fall into disrepute (坏名声)22 solve sophisticated (复杂的) electrical problems23 harness (利用) natural resources24 write a personal note to each recipient (收件人)25 convert (转换) holdings into shares第3单元1 irrespective (不管) of their age and education2 The program must be tailored (迎合) to the needs of your customers.3 prone(易于) to develop lung cancer4 opt(选择) for one style or the other5 He supplies the maximum (最大的) amount of information.6 These product orders should be coded(编号).7 the provision (提供) of facilities for children 8 a restaurant catered (合适于) for families9 the need for a tighter check(检查) on arms sales10 ready-made (现成的) excuse11 The aircraft has been modified (改进) and improved.12 provide treatment on-demand (所要求的)13 the whereabouts (去向) of the missing documents14 Hazardous (有害的) waste must be appropriately dealt with.15 The terrible damage has been incurred (遭受到了).16 Few of the rules are applicable (适合于) to the country.17 an industrial developer (开发商)18 a whole range of services on offer (所提供的)19host (主持) a talk show20 It is free or for a nominal(极小的，象征性的) charge.21 get these accounts certified (核证)22 a highly automated (自动化) factory23 a power outage (断供期)24 Demand and supply are out of sync(同步一致).25 The evidence can back up (证实) his story.26 a great victory with minimal (最小的) price27 a highly mobile(流动的) society第4单元1 A(n) analogy (类比) is drawn between the two things.2 Cats and birds are seldom compatible (协调的).3 Distribute (分发) the prizes among the winners.4 implement (执行) a new policy to help the unemployed5 The function can be activated (激活) anytime.6 a(n) static(静止的) view of the world7 The audiences aggregated (总计达到) a million people.8 a(n) clone(一模一样的复制品) of a real panda9 look for a(n) innovative (革新的) way10 try to find the replacement (替代品) of a damaged desk11 Their business crashed (突然垮了).12 Their equality is compromised (受到损害).13 mine(挖掘有价值的) for detailed information14 a bridge substantial (坚固的) enough to last a hundred years15 He is a national asset(宝贵的人).16 centralize (使集中) power in him17 airport facilities (设施)18 He has to loose(松开) his hold.19 monitor (监听) his conversation20 help individuals integrate (使适应，融合于) into the community21 From his father he derived(获得) his enthusiasm for sports.22 update (修订，更新) a textbook23 download (下载) the material to your computer24 upgrade (提高) the pay and status of the teacher25 They are only licensed (批准) for beer.26 pay differential (级差的) rents according to their income27 install(安装) a new computer in the office28 practice each day for a(n) minimum (最少的) of 30 minutes29 a lot of company will do in-house (内部的) training30 a(n) crucial(重要的) decision第5单元1 electric power automation (自动化) equipment2 occupational (职业的) disease3 illegal immigrant (移民)4 Music can uplift(振奋) your spirits.5 result in substantial population displacement (转移)6 the hand-crafted (手工制作的) furniture7 He has ranched (在牧场工作) in the north for 20 years.8 eat nutritious (有营养的) food9 be involved (卷入) in the trouble10 a new assembly (装配) line11yield (屈服) to the enemy12 make incredible (难以置信的) progress13 unrealistic optimism (乐观)14 in recent mob(暴徒) violence15 get professional (专业的) help16 the luggage should be labeled (加上标签)17 financial analyst(分析员)18 trade surplus(盈余)19 attack on pearl harbor(海港)20 a professional columnist (专栏作家)21 the virtual(事实上的) manager of the business22 underestimate the strength of the revolutionary (革命的) forces23 untie the lace(鞋带) and take off your shoes24 trying to undercut (削弱) his authority25 barter(交换) furs for guns26 a(n) litigable (可诉讼的) case27 raise the specter (恐惧) of oil crisis28sift (仔细翻看) through her purse29 He has got a(n) pot(大量的) of money.第6单元1 Some places are problematic (有问题的) for women traveling alone.2 I have to make some presumptions (推测).3 go through what he calls a period of political brinkmanship (边缘政策)4 She reminds us of the famous dictum(格言).5 enjoy the monopoly (垄断) of cigarette business6 try to conceal (隐藏) his envy7 If you want a(n) share(份额) of the pay, you’ll have to do your fair share of the work.8 They threatened him with a(n) lawsuit(诉讼).9 No difficulty can deter(阻止) us from trying it again.10 joint together for mutual(相互的) benefits11 If you are serious about our relationship, you should make commitment (保证).12 promise never to reveal(泄露) his secret13 a(n) purposive (有目的的) decision and action14 fare(过得) badly during those days15 the interdependence (相互依赖) between humans and nature16 The troops were thoroughly demoralized (士气低落) by this setback.17 The children helped the old man collectively (共同地).18 He stipulated (规定) payment in advance.19 The car is sold with a 12-month warranty (担保).20 The benefits have outweighed (超过) the risk.21 Too much food will induce(引起) sleepiness.22 force applied uniformly (一致地) over a surface23 the optimal(最佳的) method for improving speaking practice24 refuse to confess (承认) to his crime25 Even the best quality rubber will perish(毁坏) with age.26 Unless the employers move(采取行动) quickly, there will be a strike. 27 be faced with a(n) dilemma (两难境地)28 remain neutral(中立的) in the war29 intolerable (无法忍受的) temper and attitude30 The right hand is dominant (占优势的) in most people.31 His statement doesn’t square(符合) with the facts.32 the outcome (结果) of the election33 bluff (吓退) the man offexpand34 It is a(n) linear (直线的) diagram.第7单元1 amateur astronomer (天文学家)2 sign a(n) contract (合同) with the landlord3 professional dedication (奉献)4 theory of evolution (进化)5 a(n) trace(踪迹) of evidence for the claim6 have no conception (概念) of the law7 diffuse(散发) light and heat8 correct erroneous (错误的) data9 be embedded (插入) in the soil10 climate prediction (预报)11 quantitative (数量的) information on both costs and benefits12 (扩大) domestic demand13 be precisely (精确地) the same14 No one can degrade (贬低) us except ourselves.15 a(n) repulsive (排斥的) force16 goods in transit(运送)17 give us a(n) insight(洞察力) into the problems of education18 capture (俘获) an escaped convict19 sufficient (充分的) and necessary condition20 a huge gulf(分歧) between them21 have a productive capacity (能力) of 200 cars a week22 cling to a somewhat static(静态的) view of society23 The flames licked(舔着) against the building.24 slowly fall into decay(衰落)25 primitive (原始的) accumulation of capital26 Success entails(使承担) hard work.27 refined(精炼的) oil28 the most spectacular(引人注目的) global event29 unbreakable(不易破碎的) glass30 theoretical(理论上的) foundation31 a(n) barrier(障碍) to understanding32 cancel(取消) the dinner party33 broaden our horizon(眼界)34 a pair of mismatched(配错的) shoes35 blatantly(公然地) break promises36 witness(目击) the robbery37 literally(照字面地) translated38 be of vital(至关重要的) importance第8单元1 We love the valley in all its aspects (方面).2 Please replicate (折叠) the paper.3 The two accidents took place simultaneously (同时地).4 There was an air of expectancy (期望) among the waiting crowd.5 Article in The Wall Street Journal (日报) leans heavily on fashion.6 What does it require to be a successful mechanic (技工), to do all the mechanics problems?7 Thousands of wounded were brought to the next town of Castiliogne where he arrived and there was practically (几乎) no medical assistance.8 A text message confirming the policy number and sale is then sent automatically (自动的)9 He says the troops will have to launch quick, sharp and precise (精确的) attacks in the area if they hope to prevail.10 The trouble with Bill was that he never had a(n) specific(明确的) aim in life.11 Kevin drove erratically (不规律地), knocked down several cones, and ran over atleast one of the inflatable dolls.12 This is a(n) exclusive (纯粹的) white residential area.13 “Good morning”is a(n) conventional (传统的) greeting.14 Honesty, industry and kindness are elements (基础) ofa good life.15 I needed a place to fire ceramic semiconductor (半导体) substrates for homemade integrated circuits.16 The findings appeared just days after another team reported its findings in the journal Nature Structural and molecular (分子的) Biology.17 It is a(n) vast(广阔的) desert.18 The appearance (外貌) of the old house completely changed.19 The dispute has scared away potential (潜在的) investors.20 This small house is my only property (资产).21 Do you know how to manipulate (操作) a computer?22 You are not allowed to fabricate (伪造) a certificate.23 It is hard to foresee(预见) what will happen.24 The substance (主旨) of his speech was that he was better than the other candidates.25 Exceptions cannot be made for individual (个体).26 She then looked at the reverse(反面) side of the coin.27 The government and central bank were in theoretical(理论上的) harmony.第9单元1 the magnitude (巨大) of loss2 increase significantly (显著地) overnight3 atmosphere (大气) pressure4 work with greater intensity (紧张)5 give evidence (证据) in support of a theory6 birds migrating (迁徙) in winter7 speak more specifically (明确地)8 amplify(增强) the electric current9 a disease of frequent occurrence (发生)10 be in control of your own destiny (命运)11 strong motivation (动机) to succeed12annual (年度的) bonus13 be released (释放) from prison14 a(n) vicious(恶毒的) enemy to defeat15 create a(n) environmentally (有关环境方面) safe society16 alternate (交替) between rain and sunshine17 the most prominent (突出的) feature of the book18 his reaction (反应) to the news19 drastically (大幅度地) cutting staff20 traffic regulation (规则)21 a(n) minimal (最小的) charge for the service22 exposure (暴露) of the body to strong sunlight23retain (保持) youthful vigor24 compound (混合) the ingredients25 They are free eventually (最后).26 decline(谢绝) an invitation 27 Man is a reasoning creature (生物).第10单元1 undergo (经历) a smooth transition2 be offered massive (大量的) sums to leave3 unprecedented (史无前例的) reforms in any socialist countries4 runaway (失控的) inflation5 achieve a wide variety of consensus (共识) on many issues6 such a motion will largely hinder(阻碍) any move by the new Governor7 total farm output(产量) for this year8 a child’s concentration span (注意力集中的时间)9 paint a(n) bleak(无望的) picture for the future of the U.S. labor market10 make a dent (有点进展) in the work11 constantly(经常地) changing population12 complete the project with a satisfactory outcome(结果)13 play down (淡化) the significance of the meeting14 temperature variation (变化) due to solar radiation15 skills that are absolutely (绝对地) vital to these performers16 denigrate (诋毁) his rivals17 Don’t mess with (干预) things you don’t know.18 windows which admit light but totally herald(隔离) from cold or heat19 resist the overwhelming (无法抗拒的) temptation to eat chocolate20 witness the results of savage(野蛮的) attacks on the public21 take actions to help resolve(解决) housing problems22 create a(n) gigantic(巨大的) bubble in shares and house prices23 the innovative system which reduced pollution output(输出) to zero24 conditions that vary dramatically (戏剧化地) day to day25 ban the use of sex-selective (性别选择性的) abortion 第11单元1 a small breach(缺口) in the dam2 shallow(浅的) foundation3implement (履行) a promise4 the survivor(s) (幸存者) of the earthquake5 hypothetical (假设的) situation6 initiate(发起) a reform7 have potential (潜力) as an artist8 despite(不顾) their strong disagreement9 neutralize (中和) acids10 be in contact(联系) with each other11 transport (运输) goods by lorry12 the volume(大量) of exports13 penetrate (穿透) the fog14 confirm(证实) my suspicious15 strategy(战略) of sustainable development16 a rough estimate(估计) of your income17 noticeable(显著的) change18 power generation (产生)19 avert(转移) one’s glance from an ugly sight20 medical (医学的) apparatus and instruments21 disperse(传播) knowledge22 territorial integrity(完整)23 compensate(赔偿) for the loss第12单元1 The match won’t collide with(发生冲突) the general election.2 brave (勇敢面对) difficulties3 Some drugs have a deleterious (有毒的) effect on the body.4 The fuel gauge (测量仪器) dropped swiftly.5 Its aftermath(后果) will never be fully known.6 the duration(持续时间) of the movie7 a box of tissues(纸巾)8 Accounting and banking have changeddramatically (戏剧地).9 suggest a possible scenario (情况)10 Physics is governed by cosmic(宇宙的) laws.11 Everything is absolutely normal(正常的).12 Water power can be used to generate (形成) electricity.13 The children were evacuated (疏散) to the country.14 This city underwent (经历) great changes.15 sustain (承受) the severe fuel shortage16 Energy is released by the fission(裂变) of atomic nuclei.17 reposition (调整) a number of its strategies18 Everyone must abide(遵守) by the law.19 keep calm in an emergency (突发事件)20 a famine in the wake of(随之而来的) the war21 The project could stoke(刺激) imports.22 The house was a wreck (残骸).23 be used for tracking virus prevalence (传播)24 make great profit in the long-term (长期的) growing25 To err(犯错误) is human.26 I would caution(警告) you against undue optimism.第13单元1 make the masses panic (恐慌)2 feed the malnutritioned (营养不良的)3 the poultry(禽类) market4 monitor(监控) the radiation in food5 synthetic (合成的) drugs6 floor(难倒) by his question7 smaller concentrations (浓度) of radiation in the environment8 lie blatantly(明目张胆地)9 a dire(极端的) situation10 ensure(确保) safety11 a less-informed populace (老百姓)12 local livestock (家禽) farmers13 be perplexed (困惑不解) by increases in disease14 represent (代表) manufacturing companies15 deem(认为) the radioactive elements harmless16 in a state of bliss(极乐)17 a(n) detectable (检测得到的) increase of radiation in the milk18 a(n) devoure (吞食) their prey19 distract(分心) me from my work20 pose(造成) no health concern21 a milk sample(样品)22 have an adverse(不利的) impact23 new glass cases hermetically (密不透风地) sealed24 elevated(偏高的) levels of radioactive material in water25 the forthcoming (即将到来的) talks第14单元1 the symptoms (症状) of depression2 the core(核心) curriculum3 speak in a menacing (威胁的) tone4 a study on the male sterility(不育)5 compromise (危害) human health6 the cumulative (日积月累的) effect of human activity on the environment7 a harmful dose(剂量) of radiation8 ingest(摄入) radioactive particles throughexposed food9 penetrate (穿透) the skin10 his premature (过早的) death at the age of 3711 the temperature hovering (徘徊) around 38 degrees12 disrupt(打乱) the process of repairing damaged tissue13 a rise in premarital conception(s) (受孕)14 an earthquake of 9.0 magnitude (震级)15 spark(激发) interest in art16 a(n) acute(剧烈的) pain in the chest17 special facilities (设施) for the disabled18 energy transmitted (传送) in the form ofParticles。

第1单元1 a(n) symbolic (象征的) gesture of love2 The publisher distributed (分发) the book in Asia.3 A “site”(地点) is a place, and so a website.4 a(n) complex (复杂的) network of systems5 be used to identify (识别) potential terrorists6 deal the matter with him fairly (完全地)7 start with a pretty straightforward (直截了当) question8 beyond the capability (功能) of the computers9 hit the target (目标) at a distance10 the person never attempt (尝试) to do anything more11 a highly sophisticated process (过程)12 work within the parameter (限定因素) of time and budget13 thanks for your kind interpretation (解释)14 use many technical (专业的) terms15 Prices range (变化范围) from 340 U.S. Dollars to 390 U.S. Dollars.16 exploit (开拓) a new market in the city17 be absorbed in the social networking (社交网络)18 involve (涉及) unnecessary extra charges19 only one instance (实例) out of many20 get to know more about the specification (具体的细节) of the wedding21 accompany (陪伴) with her to watch movies22 the only thing predictable (可预言的) about life23learn the profile (概要) of the project第2单元1 throw away a(n) compromised (损坏的) computer2 earn somebody considerable notoriety (恶名)3 be used interchangeably (可互换地)4 A computer has malfunctioned (发生故障).5 squeeze (挤) milk into the bottle6 a(n) ingenious (有独创性的) solution to the problem7 China’s emergence (出现) as a great power8 of humble (卑微的) birth9 Cunning (狡猾的) men often pass for wise.10 exploit their vulnerability (弱点) to fight them11 a suspected criminal (罪犯)12 a jacket with leather patches (补丁) on the elbows.13 the sinister(阴险的) looks on his face14 This is a(n) daunting (艰巨的) challenge.15 the virus that can replicate (复制) itself16 His malicious (恶毒的) gossip caused much mischief.17 The path spirals(盘旋) up the mountain.18 a(n) secure(安全的) operating system19 blur(使模糊) my vision20 stem(阻止) the spread of an epidemic21 fall into disrepute (坏名声)22 solve sophisticated (复杂的) electrical problems23 harness (利用) natural resources24 write a personal note to each recipient (收件人)25 convert (转换) holdings into shares第3单元1 irrespective (不管) of their age and education2 The program must be tailored (迎合) to the needs of your customers.3 prone(易于) to develop lung cancer4 opt(选择) for one style or the other5 He supplies the maximum (最大的) amount of information.6 These product orders should be coded(编号).7 the provision (提供) of facilities for children 8 a restaurant catered (合适于) for families9 the need for a tighter check(检查) on arms sales10 ready-made (现成的) excuse11 The aircraft has been modified (改进) and improved.12 provide treatment on-demand (所要求的)13 the whereabouts (去向) of the missing documents14 Hazardous (有害的) waste must be appropriately dealt with.15 The terrible damage has been incurred (遭受到了).16 Few of the rules are applicable (适合于) to the country.17 an industrial developer (开发商)18 a whole range of services on offer (所提供的)19host (主持) a talk show20 It is free or for a nominal(极小的，象征性的) charge.21 get these accounts certified (核证)22 a highly automated (自动化) factory23 a power outage (断供期)24 Demand and supply are out of sync(同步一致).25 The evidence can back up (证实) his story.26 a great victory with minimal (最小的) price27 a highly mobile(流动的) society第4单元1 A(n) analogy (类比) is drawn between the two things.2 Cats and birds are seldom compatible (协调的).3 Distribute (分发) the prizes among the winners.4 implement (执行) a new policy to help the unemployed5 The function can be activated (激活) anytime.6 a(n) static(静止的) view of the world7 The audiences aggregated (总计达到) a million people.8 a(n) clone(一模一样的复制品) of a real panda9 look for a(n) innovative (革新的) way10 try to find the replacement (替代品) of a damaged desk11 Their business crashed (突然垮了).12 Their equality is compromised (受到损害).13 mine(挖掘有价值的) for detailed information14 a bridge substantial (坚固的) enough to last a hundred years15 He is a national asset(宝贵的人).16 centralize (使集中) power in him17 airport facilities (设施)18 He has to loose(松开) his hold.19 monitor (监听) his conversation20 help individuals integrate (使适应，融合于) into the community21 From his father he derived(获得) his enthusiasm for sports.22 update (修订，更新) a textbook23 download (下载) the material to your computer24 upgrade (提高) the pay and status of the teacher25 They are only licensed (批准) for beer.26 pay differential (级差的) rents according to their income27 install(安装) a new computer in the office28 practice each day for a(n) minimum (最少的) of 30 minutes29 a lot of company will do in-house (内部的) training30 a(n) crucial(重要的) decision第5单元1 electric power automation (自动化) equipment2 occupational (职业的) disease3 illegal immigrant (移民)4 Music can uplift(振奋) your spirits.5 result in substantial population displacement (转移)6 the hand-crafted (手工制作的) furniture7 He has ranched (在牧场工作) in the north for 20 years.8 eat nutritious (有营养的) food9 be involved (卷入) in the trouble10 a new assembly (装配) line11yield (屈服) to the enemy12 make incredible (难以置信的) progress13 unrealistic optimism (乐观)14 in recent mob(暴徒) violence15 get professional (专业的) help16 the luggage should be labeled (加上标签)17 financial analyst(分析员)18 trade surplus(盈余)19 attack on pearl harbor(海港)20 a professional columnist (专栏作家)21 the virtual(事实上的) manager of the business22 underestimate the strength of the revolutionary (革命的) forces23 untie the lace(鞋带) and take off your shoes24 trying to undercut (削弱) his authority25 barter(交换) furs for guns26 a(n) litigable (可诉讼的) case27 raise the specter (恐惧) of oil crisis28sift (仔细翻看) through her purse29 He has got a(n) pot(大量的) of money.第6单元1 Some places are problematic (有问题的) for women traveling alone.2 I have to make some presumptions (推测).3 go through what he calls a period of political brinkmanship (边缘政策)4 She reminds us of the famous dictum(格言).5 enjoy the monopoly (垄断) of cigarette business6 try to conceal (隐藏) his envy7 If you want a(n) share(份额) of the pay, you’ll have to do your fair share of the work.8 They threatened him with a(n) lawsuit(诉讼).9 No difficulty can deter(阻止) us from trying it again.10 joint together for mutual(相互的) benefits11 If you are serious about our relationship, you should make commitment (保证).12 promise never to reveal(泄露) his secret13 a(n) purposive (有目的的) decision and action14 fare(过得) badly during those days15 the interdependence (相互依赖) between humans and nature16 The troops were thoroughly demoralized (士气低落) by this setback.17 The children helped the old man collectively (共同地).18 He stipulated (规定) payment in advance.19 The car is sold with a 12-month warranty (担保).20 The benefits have outweighed (超过) the risk.21 Too much food will induce(引起) sleepiness.22 force applied uniformly (一致地) over a surface23 the optimal(最佳的) method for improving speaking practice24 refuse to confess (承认) to his crime25 Even the best quality rubber will perish(毁坏) with age.26 Unless the employers move(采取行动) quickly, there will be a strike. 27 be faced with a(n) dilemma (两难境地)28 remain neutral(中立的) in the war29 intolerable (无法忍受的) temper and attitude30 The right hand is dominant (占优势的) in most people.31 His statement doesn’t square(符合) with the facts.32 the outcome (结果) of the election33 bluff (吓退) the man offexpand34 It is a(n) linear (直线的) diagram.第7单元1 amateur astronomer (天文学家)2 sign a(n) contract (合同) with the landlord3 professional dedication (奉献)4 theory of evolution (进化)5 a(n) trace(踪迹) of evidence for the claim6 have no conception (概念) of the law7 diffuse(散发) light and heat8 correct erroneous (错误的) data9 be embedded (插入) in the soil10 climate prediction (预报)11 quantitative (数量的) information on both costs and benefits12 (扩大) domestic demand13 be precisely (精确地) the same14 No one can degrade (贬低) us except ourselves.15 a(n) repulsive (排斥的) force16 goods in transit(运送)17 give us a(n) insight(洞察力) into the problems of education18 capture (俘获) an escaped convict19 sufficient (充分的) and necessary condition20 a huge gulf(分歧) between them21 have a productive capacity (能力) of 200 cars a week22 cling to a somewhat static(静态的) view of society23 The flames licked(舔着) against the building.24 slowly fall into decay(衰落)25 primitive (原始的) accumulation of capital26 Success entails(使承担) hard work.27 refined(精炼的) oil28 the most spectacular(引人注目的) global event29 unbreakable(不易破碎的) glass30 theoretical(理论上的) foundation31 a(n) barrier(障碍) to understanding32 cancel(取消) the dinner party33 broaden our horizon(眼界)34 a pair of mismatched(配错的) shoes35 blatantly(公然地) break promises36 witness(目击) the robbery37 literally(照字面地) translated38 be of vital(至关重要的) importance第8单元1 We love the valley in all its aspects (方面).2 Please replicate (折叠) the paper.3 The two accidents took place simultaneously (同时地).4 There was an air of expectancy (期望) among the waiting crowd.5 Article in The Wall Street Journal (日报) leans heavily on fashion.6 What does it require to be a successful mechanic (技工), to do all the mechanics problems?7 Thousands of wounded were brought to the next town of Castiliogne where he arrived and there was practically (几乎) no medical assistance.8 A text message confirming the policy number and sale is then sent automatically (自动的)9 He says the troops will have to launch quick, sharp and precise (精确的) attacks in the area if they hope to prevail.10 The trouble with Bill was that he never had a(n) specific(明确的) aim in life.11 Kevin drove erratically (不规律地), knocked down several cones, and ran over atleast one of the inflatable dolls.12 This is a(n) exclusive (纯粹的) white residential area.13 “Good morning”is a(n) conventional (传统的) greeting.14 Honesty, industry and kindness are elements (基础) ofa good life.15 I needed a place to fire ceramic semiconductor (半导体) substrates for homemade integrated circuits.16 The findings appeared just days after another team reported its findings in the journal Nature Structural and molecular (分子的) Biology.17 It is a(n) vast(广阔的) desert.18 The appearance (外貌) of the old house completely changed.19 The dispute has scared away potential (潜在的) investors.20 This small house is my only property (资产).21 Do you know how to manipulate (操作) a computer?22 You are not allowed to fabricate (伪造) a certificate.23 It is hard to foresee(预见) what will happen.24 The substance (主旨) of his speech was that he was better than the other candidates.25 Exceptions cannot be made for individual (个体).26 She then looked at the reverse(反面) side of the coin.27 The government and central bank were in theoretical(理论上的) harmony.第9单元1 the magnitude (巨大) of loss2 increase significantly (显著地) overnight3 atmosphere (大气) pressure4 work with greater intensity (紧张)5 give evidence (证据) in support of a theory6 birds migrating (迁徙) in winter7 speak more specifically (明确地)8 amplify(增强) the electric current9 a disease of frequent occurrence (发生)10 be in control of your own destiny (命运)11 strong motivation (动机) to succeed12annual (年度的) bonus13 be released (释放) from prison14 a(n) vicious(恶毒的) enemy to defeat15 create a(n) environmentally (有关环境方面) safe society16 alternate (交替) between rain and sunshine17 the most prominent (突出的) feature of the book18 his reaction (反应) to the news19 drastically (大幅度地) cutting staff20 traffic regulation (规则)21 a(n) minimal (最小的) charge for the service22 exposure (暴露) of the body to strong sunlight23retain (保持) youthful vigor24 compound (混合) the ingredients25 They are free eventually (最后).26 decline(谢绝) an invitation 27 Man is a reasoning creature (生物).第10单元1 undergo (经历) a smooth transition2 be offered massive (大量的) sums to leave3 unprecedented (史无前例的) reforms in any socialist countries4 runaway (失控的) inflation5 achieve a wide variety of consensus (共识) on many issues6 such a motion will largely hinder(阻碍) any move by the new Governor7 total farm output(产量) for this year8 a child’s concentration span (注意力集中的时间)9 paint a(n) bleak(无望的) picture for the future of the U.S. labor market10 make a dent (有点进展) in the work11 constantly(经常地) changing population12 complete the project with a satisfactory outcome(结果)13 play down (淡化) the significance of the meeting14 temperature variation (变化) due to solar radiation15 skills that are absolutely (绝对地) vital to these performers16 denigrate (诋毁) his rivals17 Don’t mess with (干预) things you don’t know.18 windows which admit light but totally herald(隔离) from cold or heat19 resist the overwhelming (无法抗拒的) temptation to eat chocolate20 witness the results of savage(野蛮的) attacks on the public21 take actions to help resolve(解决) housing problems22 create a(n) gigantic(巨大的) bubble in shares and house prices23 the innovative system which reduced pollution output(输出) to zero24 conditions that vary dramatically (戏剧化地) day to day25 ban the use of sex-selective (性别选择性的) abortion 第11单元1 a small breach(缺口) in the dam2 shallow(浅的) foundation3implement (履行) a promise4 the survivor(s) (幸存者) of the earthquake5 hypothetical (假设的) situation6 initiate(发起) a reform7 have potential (潜力) as an artist8 despite(不顾) their strong disagreement9 neutralize (中和) acids10 be in contact(联系) with each other11 transport (运输) goods by lorry12 the volume(大量) of exports13 penetrate (穿透) the fog14 confirm(证实) my suspicious15 strategy(战略) of sustainable development16 a rough estimate(估计) of your income17 noticeable(显著的) change18 power generation (产生)19 avert(转移) one’s glance from an ugly sight20 medical (医学的) apparatus and instruments21 disperse(传播) knowledge22 territorial integrity(完整)23 compensate(赔偿) for the loss第12单元1 The match won’t collide with(发生冲突) the general election.2 brave (勇敢面对) difficulties3 Some drugs have a deleterious (有毒的) effect on the body.4 The fuel gauge (测量仪器) dropped swiftly.5 Its aftermath(后果) will never be fully known.6 the duration(持续时间) of the movie7 a box of tissues(纸巾)8 Accounting and banking have changeddramatically (戏剧地).9 suggest a possible scenario (情况)10 Physics is governed by cosmic(宇宙的) laws.11 Everything is absolutely normal(正常的).12 Water power can be used to generate (形成) electricity.13 The children were evacuated (疏散) to the country.14 This city underwent (经历) great changes.15 sustain (承受) the severe fuel shortage16 Energy is released by the fission(裂变) of atomic nuclei.17 reposition (调整) a number of its strategies18 Everyone must abide(遵守) by the law.19 keep calm in an emergency (突发事件)20 a famine in the wake of(随之而来的) the war21 The project could stoke(刺激) imports.22 The house was a wreck (残骸).23 be used for tracking virus prevalence (传播)24 make great profit in the long-term (长期的) growing25 To err(犯错误) is human.26 I would caution(警告) you against undue optimism.第13单元1 make the masses panic (恐慌)2 feed the malnutritioned (营养不良的)3 the poultry(禽类) market4 monitor(监控) the radiation in food5 synthetic (合成的) drugs6 floor(难倒) by his question7 smaller concentrations (浓度) of radiation in the environment8 lie blatantly(明目张胆地)9 a dire(极端的) situation10 ensure(确保) safety11 a less-informed populace (老百姓)12 local livestock (家禽) farmers13 be perplexed (困惑不解) by increases in disease14 represent (代表) manufacturing companies15 deem(认为) the radioactive elements harmless16 in a state of bliss(极乐)17 a(n) detectable (检测得到的) increase of radiation in the milk18 a(n) devoure (吞食) their prey19 distract(分心) me from my work20 pose(造成) no health concern21 a milk sample(样品)22 have an adverse(不利的) impact23 new glass cases hermetically (密不透风地) sealed24 elevated(偏高的) levels of radioactive material in water25 the forthcoming (即将到来的) talks第14单元1 the symptoms (症状) of depression2 the core(核心) curriculum3 speak in a menacing (威胁的) tone4 a study on the male sterility(不育)5 compromise (危害) human health6 the cumulative (日积月累的) effect of human activity on the environment7 a harmful dose(剂量) of radiation8 ingest(摄入) radioactive particles throughexposed food9 penetrate (穿透) the skin10 his premature (过早的) death at the age of 3711 the temperature hovering (徘徊) around 38 degrees12 disrupt(打乱) the process of repairing damaged tissue13 a rise in premarital conception(s) (受孕)14 an earthquake of 9.0 magnitude (震级)15 spark(激发) interest in art16 a(n) acute(剧烈的) pain in the chest17 special facilities (设施) for the disabled18 energy transmitted (传送) in the form ofParticles。

学术英语词汇表The Academic Word List学术英语词汇表共有570个词族，按其在语料库中出现的频率分成10组，前9组每组为60个词族，最后一组为30个词族。

10组先后顺序同样以出现频率为依据。

如第一组是语料库中出现频率最高的学术词族，其次是第二组，再次第三组，以此类推。

每组中的斜体词（有的出现在词头，有的出现在词族成员中）是该词族中出现频率最高的词，如analysis是analyse 词族中使用频率最高的词。

词族成员除各种派生词外，还包括英美不同的拼写。

Sublist 1 of the Academic Word Listanalyseanalysedanalyseranalysersanalysesanalysinganalysisanalystanalystsanalyticanalyticalanalyticallyanalyzeanalyzedanalyzesanalyzingapproachapproachableapproachedapproachesapproachingunapproachableareaareasassesassessable可估价的，可征收的assessedassessesassessingassessment评估;评价;（应偿付金额的）估定;（为征税对财产所作的）估价assessmentsreassess再估价;再评价;再课税; 再摊牌reassessedreassessingreassessmentunassessed assumeassumedassumesassumingassumptionassumptions authorityauthoritativeauthorities availableavailabilityunavailable benefitbeneficialbeneficiarybeneficiariesbenefitedbenefitingbenefits conceptconceptionconceptsconceptualconceptualisationconceptualiseconceptualisedconceptualisesconceptualisingconceptually consistconsistedconsistency consistentconsistentlyconsistingconsistsinconsistenciesinconsistencyinconsistent constituteconstituenciesconstituencyconstituentconstituentsconstitutedconstitutesconstitutingconstitutionconstitutions constitutionalconstitutionallyconstitutiveunconstitutional contextcontextscontextualcontextualisecontextualisedcontextualisinguncontextualisedcontextualizecontextualizedcontextualizinguncontextualized contractcontractedcontractingcontractorcontractorscontracts createcreatedcreatescreatingcreationcreationscreativecreativelycreativitycreatorcreatorsrecreaterecreatedrecreatesrecreatingdatadefinedefinabledefineddefinesdefining definitiondefinitionsredefineredefinedredefinesredefiningundefined derivederivationderivationsderivativederivatives derivedderivesderiving distribute distributeddistributingdistribution distributionaldistributionsdistributivedistributordistributorsredistributeredistributedredistributesredistributingredistribution economy economiceconomicaleconomicallyeconomicseconomieseconomisteconomistsuneconomical environmentenvironmentalenvironmentalistenvironmentalistsenvironmentallyenvironments establishdisestablishdisestablisheddisestablishesdisestablishingdisestablishment establishedestablishesestablishingestablishmentestablishments estimateestimatedestimatesestimatingestimationestimationsover-estimateoverestimateoverestimatedoverestimatesoverestimatingunderestimateunderestimatedunderestimatesunderestimating evident evidenced evidenceevidentialevidently exportexportedexporterexportersexportingexportsfactorfactoredfactoringfactorsfinance financedfinances financialfinanciallyfinancierfinanciersfinancing formula formulaeformulasformulateformulatedformulatingformulationformulationsreformulatereformulatedreformulatingreformulationreformulations f unctionfunctionalfunctionallyfunctionedfunctioningfunctions identityidentifiableidentification identifiedidentifiesidentifyingidentitiesidentityunidentifiable incomeincomes indicate indicatedindicatesindicatingindicationindicationsindicativeindicatorindicators individual individualisedindividualityindividualismindividualistindividualistsindividualisticindividuallyindividuals interpret interpretationinterpretationsinterpretativeinterpretedinterpretinginterpretiveinterpretsmisinterpretmisinterpretationmisinterpretationsmisinterpretedmisinterpretingmisinterpretsreinterpretreinterpretedreinterpretsreinterpretingreinterpretationreinterpretations involveinvolved involvementinvolvesinvolvinguninvolved issueissuedissuesissuinglabourlaboredlaborslabouredlabouringlabourslegalillegalillegalityillegallylegalitylegally legislate legislatedlegislateslegislating legislationlegislativelegislatorlegislatorslegislature majormajoritiesmajority method methodicalmethodologicalmethodologiesmethodologymethods occuroccurredoccurrenceoccurrencesoccurringoccursreoccurreoccurredreoccurringreoccurs percentpercentagepercentages periodperiodicalperiodicallyperiodicalsperiods policypolicies principleprincipledprinciplesunprincipled proceedprocedural procedureproceduresproceededproceedingproceedingsproceeds processprocessedprocessesprocessing require requiredrequirementrequirementsrequiresrequiring research researchedresearcherresearchersresearchesresearching respondrespondedrespondentrespondentsrespondingresponds responseresponsesresponsiveresponsivenessunresponsive rolerolessectionsectionedsectioningsections sectorsectors significantinsignificantinsignificantlysignificancesignificantlysignifiedsignifiessignifysignifying similardissimilarsimilaritiessimilaritysimilarly sourcesouredsourcessourcing specific specificallyspecificationspecificationsspecificityspecifics structurerestructurerestructuredrestructuresrestructuringstructuralstructurallystructuredstructuresstructuringtheorytheoreticaltheoreticallytheoriestheoristtheoristsvaryinvariableinvariablyvariabilityvariablevariablesvariablyvariancevariantvariantsvariationvariationsvariedvariesvaryingSublist 2 of Academic Word Listachieveachievableachievedachivementachivementsachivesachievingacquireacquriedacquiresacquiringacquistionacquisitionsadministrateadministratesadministrationadministrationsadministratoradministrators affectaffectedaffectingaffectiveaffectivelyaffectsunaffected appropriateappropriacyappropriatelyappropriatenessinappropriatenessinappropriacyinppropriateinppropriately aspectaspectsassistassistance assistants assisted assistingassists unassisted category categoriescategorisationcategorisecategorisedcategorisescategorisingcategorizationcategorizedcategorizescategorizing chapterchapters commissioncommissionedcommissionercommissionerscommissions communitycommunities complexcomplexitiescomplexity computecomputationcomputationalcomputationscomputablecomputercomputedcomputerisedcomputerscomputing concludeconcludedconcludesconcluding conclusionconclusions conclusiveconclusivelyinconclusiveinconclusively conductconductedconductingconducts consequentconsequenceconsequencesconsequently constructconstructedconstructingconstructionconstructionsconstructiveconstructsreconstructreconstrutedreconstructionreconstructs consumeconsumedconsumerconsumersconsumesconsumingconsumption creditcreditedcreditingcreditorcreditorscredits cultureculturalculturallyculturedculturesuncultured designdesigneddesignerdesignersdesigningdesigns distinct distinction distinctionsdistinctivedistinctivelydistinctlyindistinctindistinctly elementelements equateequatedequatesequatingequationequationsevaluatedevaluatesevaluatingevaluationevaluationsevaluativere- evaluatere- evaluatedre- evaluatesre- evaluatingre- evaluation featurefeaturedfeaturesfeaturing finalfinalisefinalisedfinalisesfinalisingfinalizefinalizedfinalizesfinalizingfinalityfinallyfinalsfocusfocusedfocusesfocusingfocussedfocussingrefocus refocusedrefocusesrefocusingrefocussedrefocussesrefocussing impactimpactedimpactinginjureinjuredinjuresinjuriesinjuringinjuryuninjured instituteinstitutedinstitutesinstitutinginstitutioninstitutionalinstitutionaliseinstitutionlisedinstitutionalisesinstitutionalisinginstitutionalizedinstitutionalizesinstitutionalizinginstitutionallyinstitutions investinvestedinvestinginvestmentinvestmentsinvestorinvestorsinvestsreinvestedreinvestingreinvestmentreinvestsitemitemisationitemiseitemiseditemisesitemisingitemsjournaljournalsmaintainedmaintainingmaintainsmaintenance normalabnormalabnormallyabnormalisation normalisenormalisednormalisesnormalisingnormalizationnormalizenormalizednormalizesnormalizing normalitynormally obtainobtainableobtainedobtainingobtainsunobtainable participateparticipantparticipantsparticipatedparticipatesparticipatingparticipationparticipatory perceiveperceivedperceivesperceivingperceptionperceptions positivepositively potentialpotentiallypreviously primaryprimarily purchasepurchasedpurchaserpurchaserspurchasespurchasing rangerangedrangesranging regionregionalregionallyregions regulatederegulatedderegulatesderegulatingderegulationregulatedregulatesregulatingregulationregulationsregulatorsregulatoryunregulatory relevantirrelevanceirrelevantrelevance resideresidedresidencer esident residentialresidentsresidesresiding resourceresourceful resourcesresourcingunresourcingunresourcefulunder-resourced restrictrestrictedrestrictingrestrictionrestrictionsrestrictiverestrictivelyrestrictsunrestrictedunrestrictive secureinsecureinsecuritiesinsecurity securedsecurelysecuressecuringsecuritiessecurityseekseekingseekssoughtselectselectedselectingselectionselectionsselectiveselectivelyselectorselectorsselectssitesitesstrategystrategiesstrategicallystrategiststrategistssurveysurveyedsurveyingsurveystexttextstextualtraditionnon-traditionaltraditionaltraditionalisttraditionallytraditionstransfertransferabletransferencetransferredtransferringtransfersSublist 3 of Academic Word Listalternativealternativelyalternativescircumstancecircumstancescommentcommentariescommentarycommentatorcommentatorscommentedcommentingcommentscompensatecompensatedcompensatescompensatingcompensationcompensatory componentcomponentrycomponents consentconsensusconsentedconsentingconsents considerableconsiderably constantconstancyconstantlyconstantsinconstancyinconstantly constrainconstrained constrainingconstrainsconstraintconstraintsunconstrained contributecontributedcontributescontributingc ontribution contributionscontributorcontributors conveneconventionconvenesconvenedconveningconventionalconventionallyconventionsunconventional coordinatecoordinatedcoordinatingcoordinationcoordinatorcoordinatorsco-ordinateco-ordinatedco-ordinatesco-ordinatingco-ordinationco-ordinatorco-ordinators corecorescoringcored corporatecorporatescorporationcorporations correspondcorrespondedcorrespondencecorrespondingcorrespondinglycorresponds criteriacriterion deducededuceddeducesdeducingdeductiondeductions demonstratedemonstrabledemonstrablydemonstrateddemonstratesdemonstratingdemonstrationdemonstrationsdemonstrativedemonstrativelydemonstratordemonstrators documentdocumentationdocumenteddocumentingdocuments dominatedominancedominant dominated dominatesdominatingdomination emphasisemphasiseemphasisedemphasisingemphasizeemphasizedemphasizesemphasizingemphaticemphatically ensureensuredensuresensuring excludeexcludedexcludesexcludingexclusionexclusionaryexclusionistexclusionsexclusiveexclusively frameworkframeworks fundfundedfunderfundersfunds illustrateillustratedillustratesillustratingillustrationillustrationsillustrative immigrateimmigrantimmigrantsimmigratedimmigratesimmigrating immigration implyimpliedimpliesimplying initialinitially instanceinstances interactinteractedinteracting interactioninteractionsinteractiveinteractivelyinteracts justifyjustifiablejustifiablyjustifiactionjustifiactionsjustifiedjustifiesjustifyingunjustified layerlayeredlayeringlinklinkagelinkageslinkedlinkinglinkslocatelocatedlocatinglocationlocationsrelocaterelocatedrelocatesrelocatingrelocation maximisemaxmaximisedmaximisesmaximisingmaximisationmaximizemaximizedmaximizesmaximizingmaximizationmaximum minorminoritiesminorityminors negatenegativenegatednegatesnegatingnegativelynegatives outcomeoutcomes partnerpartnerspartnershippartnerships philosophyphilosopherphilosophersphilosophicalphilosophicallyphilosophies philosophisephilosophisedphilosophisingphilosophizephilosophizedphilosophizesphilosophizing physicalphysically proportiondisproportiondisproportionatedisproportionatelyproportionalproportionallyproportionateproportionatelyproportions publishpublishedpublisherpublisherspublishespublishingunpublished reactreactedreactsreactingreactionreactionariesreactionaryreactionsreactivereactivationreactorregisterderegisterderegisteredderegisteringderegistersderegistrationregisteredregisteringregistersregistraction relyreliabilityreliablereliablyreliancereliantreliedreliesrelyingunreliable removeremovableremovalremovalsremovedremovesremoving schemeschematicschematicallyschemedschemesscheming squencesquencedsquencessquencingsquentialsquentially sexsexessexismsexualsexuallyshiftshiftedshiftingshiftsspecifyspecifiablespecifiedspecifiesspecifyingunspecifiedsufficientsufficiencyinsufficientinsufficientlysufficientlytasktaskstechnicaltechnicallytechniquetechniquestechnologytechnologicaltechnologicallyvalidinvalidateinvalidityvalidatevalidatedvalidatingvalidationvalidityvalidlyvolumevolumesvolSublist 4 of the Academic Word List accessaccessesaccessibilityaccessibleaccessinginaccessible adequateadequacyadequatelyinadequaciesinadequacyinadequateinadequately annualannually apparentapparently approximate approximatedapproximatelyapproximatesapproximatingapproximationapproximations attitude attitudesattributeattributable attributedattributesattributingattribution civilcodecodedcodescoding commit commitmentcommitmentscommitscommittedcommitting communicatecommunicablecommunicatedcommunicatescommunicating communicationcommunicationscommunicativecommunicativelyuncommunicative concentrateconcentratedconcentratesconcentrating concentration conferconference conferencesconferredconferringconfers contrastcontrastedcontrastingcontrastivecontrastscyclecycledcyclescycliccyclicalcyclingdebatedebatabledebateddebatesdebating despitedimensiondimensional dimensionsmultidimensional domesticdomesticallydomesticatedomesticatingdomestics emerge emergedemergenceemergentemergesemerging errorerroneouserroneouslyerrorsethnicethnicity goalgoalsgrantgranted grantinggrants hence hypothesishypotheseshypothesisehypothesisedhypothesiseshypothesisinghypothesizehypothesizedhypothesizeshypothesizinghypotheticalhypothetically implement implementationimplementedimplementingimplements implicate implicatedimplicatesimplicatingimplicationimpose imposedimposesimposingimposition integrate integratedintegratesintegrating integration internalinternaliseinternalisedinternalisesInternalisinginternializeinternializedinternalizesinternalizinginternally investigateinvestigatedinvestigatesinvestigating investigationinvestigationsinvestigativeinvestigatorinvestigators jobjobslabellabeledlabelinglabelledlabellinglabels mechanism mechanisms obvious obviously occupyoccupancyoccupantoccupantsoccupation occupationaloccupationsoccupiedoccupieroccupiersoccupiesoccupying optionoptionaloptions outputoutputs overallparallel paralleledparallelledparallellingparallelsunparalleled parameter parameters phasephasedphasesphasing predict predictabilitypredictablepredictably predicted predictingpredictionpredictionspredictsunpredictabilityunpredictable principalprincipally prior professionalprofessionallyprofessionalsprofessionalism projectprojectedprojectingprojectionprojectionsprojects promotepromotedpromoterpromoterspromotespromotingpromotionpromotions regimeregimes resolve resolutionresolvedresolvesresolvingunresolved retainretainedretainingretainerretainersretainsretentionretentive seriesstatisticstatisticianstatisticiansstatisticalstatistically statisticsstatusstressstressedstressesstressfulunstressedsubsequentsubsequentlysumsummationsummedsummingsumssummarysummariessummarisesummarisedsummarisessummarisimgsummarisationsummarisationssummarizationsummarizationssummarizesummarizedsummarizessummarizingundertakeundertakenundertakesundertakingundertookSublist 5 of the Academic Word Listacademyacademiaacademicacademicallyacademicsacademiesadjustadjustedadjustingadjustmentadjustmentsreadjust readjusted readjusting readjustment readjustments readjusts alert alterable alteration alterations altered altering alternate alternating alters unalterable unaltered amend amended amending amendment amendments amends aware awareness unaware capacity capacities incapacitate incapacitated challenge challenged challenger challengers challenges challenging clause clauses compound compounded compounding compounds conflictconflicting conflicts consult consultancy consultant consultants consultation consultations consultative consulted consultsconsulting contact contactable contacted contacting contacts decline declined declines declining discrete discretely discretion discretionary indiscrete indiscretion draft drafted drafting drafts redraft redrafted redrafting redrafts enable enabled enables enabling energy energetic energetically energiesenforced enforcement enforces enforcing entity entities equivalent equivalence evolve evolution evolved evolving evolves evolutionary evolutionist evolutionists expand expanded expanding expands expansion expansionism expansive expose exposed exposes exposing exposure exposures external externalisation externalise externalised externalises externalising externality externalization externalize externalized externalizes externalizing externally facilitatefacilitates facilities facilitating facilitation facilitator facilitators facility fundamental fundamentally generate generated generates generating generation generations image imagery images liberal liberalise liberalism liberalisation liberalised liberalising liberalization liberalize iberalized liberalizes liberalizing liberate liberated liberates liberation liberations liberating liberator liberators liberally liberals licence licences license licesedlicenses unlicensed logicillogical illogically logical logically logician logicians margin marginal marginally margins medical medically mental mentality mentally modify modification modifications modified modifies modifying unmodified monitor monitored monitoring monitors unmonitored networknetworkednetworkingnetworks notionnotions objectiveobjectivelyobjectivity orientorientateorientatedorientatesorientationorientatingorientedorientingorientsreorientreorientation perspectiveperspectives preciseimprecisepreciselyprecision primeprimacy psychologypsychologicalpsychologicallypsychologistpsychologists pursuepursuedpursuespursuingpursuitpursuitsratioratiosrejectrejectedrejectingrejectionrejectsrejections revenuerevenues stableinstabilitystabilisationstabilisestabilisedstabilisesstabilisingstabilizationstabilizedstabilizesstabilizing stabilityunstable stylestyled stylesstylingstylishstylisestylisedstylisesstylisingstylizestylizedstylizesStylizing substitutesubstitutedsubstitutessubstituting substitution sustain sustainablesustainabilitysustainedsustainingsustainssustenanceunsustainable symbol symbolicsymbolicallysymbolisesymbolisessymbolisedsymbolisingsymbolismsymbolizesymbolizedsymbolizessymbolizingtargettargetedtargetingtargetstransittransitedtransitingtransitiontransitionaltransitionstransitorytransitstrendtrendsversionversionswelfarewhereasSublist 6 of the Academic Word Listabstractabstractionabstractionsabstractlyabstractsaccurateaccuracyaccuratelyinaccuracyinaccuraciesinaccurateacknowledgeacknowledgedacknowledgesacknowledgingacknowledgementacknowledgemensaggregateaggregatedaggregatingaggregation allocateallocatedallocatesallocating allocationallocations assign assignedassigningassignmentassignmentsassignsreassignreassignedreassigningreassignsunassigned attach attachedattachesattachingattachmentattachmentsunattached authorauthoredauthoringauthorsauthorship bondbondedbondingbondsbriefbrevitybriefedbriefingbrieflybriefs capablecapabilitiescapabilityincapable citecitationcitations citedcitingcites cooperatecooperatedcooperatescooperatingcooperationcooperativecooperativelyco-operateco-operatedco-operatesco-operationco-operativeco-operatively discriminatediscriminateddiscriminatesdiscriminating discrimination displaydisplayeddisplayingdisplays diversediverselydiversificationdiversifieddiversifiesdiversifydiversifying diversity domaindomainsediteditedediting editioneditoreditorialeditorialseditorsedits enhance enhancedenhancementenhancesenhancing estateestates exceedexceededexceedingexceeds expertexpertiseexpertlyexperts explicitexplicitly federalfederationfederations feefeesflexible flexibilityinflexibleinflexibility furthermore gendergenders ignorantignoranceignore ignoredignoresignoring incentiveincentives incidenceincidentallyincidents incorporate incorporatedincorporatesincorporatingincorporation indexindexedindexesindexing inhibitinhibitedinhibitinginhibitioninhibitionsinhibits initiateinitiatedinitiatesinitiatinginitiationinitiationsinitiative initiativesinitiatorinitiators inputinputs instructinstructioninstructedinstructing instructionsinstructiveinstructorinstructorsinstructs intelligent intelligenceintelligentlyunintelligent intervallecturelecturedlecturerlecturerslectureslecturing migratemigrantmigrantsmigratedmigratesmigratingmigrationmigrationsmigratory minimum ministryministeredministeringministerialministries motivemotivatemotivatedmotivatesmotivating motivationmotivationsmotivesunmotivated neutralneutralisationneutraliseneutralisedneutralisesneutralisingneutralityneutralizationneutralizeneutralizedneutralizesneutralizing neverthelessprecedeprecededprecedenceprecedentprecedesprecedingunprecedented presumepresumablypresumedpresumespresuming presumptionpresumptionspresumptuous rationalirrationalrationalisationrationalisationsrationaliserationalisedrationalisesrationalisingrationalismrationalityrationalizationrationalizationsrationalizerationalizedrationalizesrationally recoverrecoverablerecoveredrecoveringrecovers recoveryrevealrevealedrevealingrevealsrevelationrevelationssubsidysubsidiarysubsidiessubsidisesubsidisedsubsidisessubsidisingsubsidizesubsidizedsubsidizessubsidizing tapetapedtapestapingtracetraceabletracedtracestracing transformtransformationtransformationstransformedtransforming transforms transporttransportationtransportedtransportertransporterstransportingtransports underlieunderlayunderlies underlying utiliseutilisationutilisedutilisesutilisingutiliser。

学术英语医学课后词组集团文件发布号：（9816-UATWW-MWUB-WUNN-INNUL-DQQTY-Unit 1 动脉旁路1.neuron overload 神经过载2.a typical office visit 典型的诊所就诊3.DEXA scan DEXA扫描4.medical practicing 行医5.blood pressure control 血压控制6.health maintenance 健康保持7.Mammogram report 乳房X线检查报告8.physical examination 体检9.side effect of a medication 药物的副作用10.perpetual panic 永久的恐慌11.practicing physicians 职业医生12.transplant field 移植领域13.medical budget 医疗预算14.paracetamol tablet 扑热息痛药片15.childproof cap 防孩子打开的盖子16.randomized clinical trial 随机临床试验17.Random allocation 随机分配18.patient prognosis 病人的预后19.control group 对照组20.a 10-year follow-up study 10年的跟踪研究21.a medical ward 内科病房22.infectious hepatitis 传染性肝炎23.Severe malaise 身体严重不适24.bilirubin metabolism 胆红素代谢25.permanent liver damage 永久的肝损伤26.exacerbate pathophysiology 加重病理生理状况27.Medical literature 医学文献28.clinical investigation 临床调查29.incedence of relapse 复发率30.clinical epidemiology 临床流行病学31.strict bed rest 严格的卧床休息32.hospital stay 住院33.recurrent jaundice 反复发作的黄疸34.clinical course 临床病程35.intravenous morphine 静脉注射吗啡36.diastolic blood pressure 舒张压37.brain perfusion 大脑血灌输38.primary care初级保健39.aorto-coronary arterial bypass主动脉冠状助工作rmed treatment decision 知情治疗决41.an international humanitarian group一个国际人道组织42.the Red Cross 红十字会43.The first major relief effort 第一次重大援44.casualty of war 战争中的人员伤亡45.emergency relief efforts 紧急援助Unit 31.the surge of adrenaline 肾上腺素激增2.an internal medicine residency 内科实习期3.an autoimmune disease 自体免疫4.loss of stamina 丧失持久力5.transient weakness 短暂的虚弱6.becoming bedridden 卧床不起7.a building block基本构件8.an animal model 动物模型9.to slow neurodegeneration减缓神经退化10.to excrete toxins排除毒素11.to optimize nutrition 优化营养12.toxic load毒素载量13.the risk of relapse 复发危险14.physician self-experimentation医生自我实验15.a clinical trial 临床试验16.neuromuscular electrical stimulation 神经肌肉电刺激17.physical therapist 理疗师18.the impact of micronutrients 微量营养素的影响19.brain function 脑功能20.track the emotional flow 跟踪情绪波动21.coordination of emotions 情绪协调22.cardiovascular reactions 心血管反应23.feeling of rapport 亲密感觉24.rapid entrain 迅速同步25.emotional contagion 情绪传染26.to mutually regulation 互相调节27.a psychobiological unit生物心理单元28.emotional solace情感慰藉29.functional magnetic resonance imaging功能性磁共振成像30.to activate brain zones激活该脑部区域31.to make it mandatory 使之成为强制性32.a(n) dubious project无把握的项目33.medical background医学背景34.proof of concept概念验证35.dose regimen 剂量方案plications or concomitant conditions并发症与合并症37.anti-tumor agents 抗肿瘤的药剂38.standard therapy标准疗法39.pharmacology properties 药理学特性40.poor solubility 溶解性差41.in vivo pharmacology 体内药理学Unit 51.a health crisis 健康危机2.physical symptoms 身体症状3.Energy and vitality 能量和活力4.be completely immune from sth.对某事完全免疫5.virus of falseness 虚假的病毒6.stressful lifestyle 有压力的生活方式7.robust emotion 健全的感情8.fragile health 脆弱的健康9.to balance our mind ,body and spirit平衡心理、身体和精神10.spiritual life精神生活11.the blockage to wellness 通向身心健康的“路障”12.repressed emotions 被压抑的感情13.genuine feelings and emotion真情实感14.physiological influences 心理影响15.fully integrated human beings 十全十美的人16.decaying teeth 蛀牙17.nutrition professor 营养教授18.burgeoning waistline 迅速膨胀的腰围19.bottled water 瓶装水20.caloric intake 热量摄入21.to curb appetite 节制食欲22.grains and protein 谷物和蛋白质23.childhood obesity 儿童肥胖症24.lean protein 精益蛋白质25.dietary habits 饮食习惯26.quality of life 生活质量27.diary category 乳制品类28.prevention of diabetes糖尿病的预防29.sodium content 钠的含量Unit 71.a nursing station 护士站2.life-support machines 生命维持系统fort measures 舒适护理措施4.to withdraw treatments 停止治疗5.paternalistic decision-making process 家长式决策程序6.patient empowerment 给病人授权7.medical ethicists 医学伦理学家8.ethical principles 伦理准则9.clinical ideal 临床理念10.patient-centered care 以病人为中心的护理11.patient autonomy 病人自主权12.treatment options 治疗选择13.exclusive purview 专属领域14.emergency decisions 紧急状况下做的决定15.physician restraint 对医生的限制16.anxiety and confusion 焦虑与困惑17.ethical transgression 违背伦理18.family practice 家庭医疗19.widespread metastases 广泛转移20.aggressive treatment 积极治疗21.primary lesion 原发病灶22.to recommend follow-up 建议随访23.electronic record 电子病历24.pulmonary embolism 肺栓塞puterized tomography CT，计算机断层扫描26.bilateral infiltrates双侧浸润27.a(n) chest X-ray(X线胸片)28.left lower-lobe pneumonia左下肺叶肺炎borcd breathing呼吸困难30.the hospice team临终关怀团队31.chronic illness慢性病32.psychosocial aspects 社会心理学领域33.evidence-based guidelines 循证临床指南34.to implement a plan of care 实施治疗方案。

学术英语（管理类）重点短语整理第一单元1.free enterprise自由企业制度2.capitalistic economic system 资本主义经济体制3.in the face of adversity面对逆境4.living expenses生活费5.bring sth.to the table带来什么有价值的东西pelling reasons令人信服的理由7.a wide array of大量的:各种不同的8.stockholder股东9.not-for- profit organization非盈利性机构10.culturally diverse文化多样11.give sb.an edge使某人具有优势，给某人优势12.a prospective employer潜在雇主pose a business letter撰写商务信函14.make a difference有影响，起作用15.open/start their own business创业16.live programs现场直播节目17.poor business location商业位置不佳18.dealer经销商，交易商19.a street vendor街头商贩20.stockbroker股票经纪人1.应变能力ability to adapt to change2.私营企业private enterprises3.蓝图road map4.劳动力work force5.按要求的on-demand6.资本不足;资金缺乏undercapitalization7.客户服务customer service8.诈骗fraud9.经营规划;创业计划business plan10.共同基金mutual fund1.a store-wide sale全场促销2.year-round全年3.customer loyalty顾客忠诚度4.bargain hunters到处找便宜货的人5.price-sensitive customers对价格敏感的顾客6.special offers特价(商品)7.premium溢价8.markup涨价9.near-identical products几乎完全相同的产品10.close substitutes功能接近的替代品1.定价pricing/set prices2.区别定价战略price-targeting strategy3.打折discount4.价格增至三倍triple the price5.比价compare prices/make a price comparison第二单元1.create,communicate and deliver value创造、传播和交付价值2.stakeholder利益相关者3.identify and fulfil needs识别并满足需求4.create superior value创造卓越价值5.management process管理流程6.the oldest profession最古老的职业7.promotion tool kit促销工具套件8.maximize impact on the market最大限度地影响市场9.the act of sales销售行为10.manage customer relationships管理客户关系11.business philosophy经营理念12.satisfy consumer requirements满足消费者需求13.manipulate the tools of marketing操纵营销工具14.entice consumers to buy products吸引消费者购买产品15.effective marketing有效营销16.ideal target market理想的目标市场17.promote products促销产品18.sales promotion促销19.public relations公共关系20.discount store折扣商店21.marketing24/7全天候不间断营销22.利益最大化maximize interest23.产品包装the packaging of the product24.产品设计与生产the design and manufacturing of the product25.知名品牌an established brand26.消费产品consumer products27.独家经销exclusive distribution28.事件营销event marketing29.减少生产成本cut the cost of manufacturing30.数不清的理由an infinite number of reasons31.深刻的了解insightful understanding32.独家精品店exclusive boutique33.适应一种文化fit into a culture34.脱颖而出stand out35.正在进行中的研发research and development underway36.扩大经销widen distribution●e-commerce site电子商务网站●robust growth强劲的增长●the bubble burst网络经济泡沫破裂●launch开业;推出(产品)●go out of business歇业●shipping发货●brand manager品牌经理●virtual test drive虚拟试驾●in-depth ads深度广告●global powerhouse具有全球影响力的企业●beauty care美容护肤品●health care医疗保健品●home care家用护理品●headquarters(企业)总部●superior products卓越产品.●product development产品开发●global expansion全球扩张●range of product系列产品●dominate a category在某一品类中占据主导地位●iconic brands偶像级品牌●discount store折扣店●product testing产品测试(试销，试用等)●location选址●UPC code通用产品码;商品条形码编号●offshore manufacturing离岸制造●outdoor billboard户外广告牌●store window display橱窗展示●logo标识，徽标●overly-branded品牌建设过度的●sub-brands子品牌第五单元1.e-business models电子商务模式2.reduce expenses减少开销3.corporate clients企业客户4.unsold inventory未售的存货5.wholesalers and retailers批发商和零售商parison shopping比较购物，货比三家7.buying preferences购物偏好8.individualized service个性化服务9.创造销售收入generate sales revenues10.简化交易程序facilitate sales transactions11.标价合理、高品质的电脑产品fairly priced,high-quality computer products12.大量的原材料large quantities of raw materials13.增加购买量increase the volume of purchases14.与消费者建立长期的关系build long-term relationships with the customers15.因特网宽带连接broadband access to the Internet16.信息数据库information database 17.持有成本carrying cost18.开展业务conduct business●specially priced特价的●intense competition激烈的竞争.●rivals竞争对手●differentiate itself让自己独树一帜●keep customers loyal保持客户忠诚度●CMO首席营销官/市场总监●FAQ常见问题●return rate回头率/回购率●companion tickets同伴优惠票●enhance reputation提高声誉●usability testing可用性测试/用户测试●retailing wunderkind零售巨头●grow exponentially成倍增长●fiscal year财年●catalog sales按商品目录零售/目录销售●industry upheaval行业剧变●time-starved consumers时间紧张的消费者●honor system诚信制度●vacation package旅行套餐(计划)第七单元●brand品牌●branding品牌建设●brand value品牌价值●brand equity品牌资产●branded products(or services)品牌产品(或服务)●brand loyalty品牌忠诚度●brand experience品牌体验●consumer bank零售银行●differentiation差异化●direct mail邮递广告●generic products非品牌产品●premium溢价，额外费用●touch point客户接触点1.出岔子go awry2.非营利组织non-profit organizations.3.成分constituent4.巩固cement5.极大的热忱evangelism6.产品属性attribute7.集合体aggregate8.不一致的incongruent9.不一致disconnect;inconsistency10.归因于某人或某事物attribute sth.to sb./sth.11.媒体报道press coverage。