2006年6月大学英语六级CET6真题及答案

2006年6月17日大学英语六级 A卷答案（恩波版）听力1．C She is not sure she can pass on the message.2．D Hold the ladder for him3．B He’d like some coffee4．C He might get fired5．D Tony’s wife6．A He was fined for running a red light7．C He finds reward more effective than punishment8．B At the dentist’s9．B He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark10．A It was applaudable.11．B. Medical care12．C. Her determination to fulfill her dream.13．B. To help disabled children there.14．D. In a small village in Chile.15．A. By expanding their minds and horizons.16．D. She made outstanding contributions to Children’s education.17．A She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.18．C. How animals protect themselves against predators.19．B. Its plant-like appearance.20．A. It helps improve their safety.阅读21 D Showing violence is thought to be entertaining22 B Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.23 C assert a direct line between violent media and aggressive behavior.24 D their definition of violence25 A More studies should be conducted before conclusinons are drawn.26 A A quarter of Americans can’t afford their prescription drubs.27 D exercising price control on brand-name drugs.28 B High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.29 C To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.30 C Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.31 A offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practice32 C The elderly,being financially underprivileged,need human help from society.33 B intensify conflicts between the young and the old34 C It benefits the old at the expense of the young.35 D Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age36 A crime against humanity37 C deep-rooted socio-economic inequality38 B The blacks[1] [2] 下一页有一个会议在你所在的城市召开，你想去参加。

参考答案2006年12月答案Test FivePart I Writing SampleThe Importance of Reading ClassicsIt is widely acknowledged that reading the classics is both important and beneficial to the character development and personal growth of the young people. To me, nothing can bring more joy and happiness than reading those masterpieces created by great figures like Confucius and Cao Xueqin. I believe works like The Dream in the Red Chamber and The Legend of Three Kingdoms can drastically elevate one’s aesthetic taste and deepen the understanding of the glorious history of Chinese culture.However, the modern society is full of temptations. Compared with TV soap operas, sport events, and video games, classical literary works are old fashioned and time consuming. In bookstores, ―Fast-food‖ reading materials are replacing classics, and young writers with sensational and ―cool‖ remarks win the support of a large number of fans.As the salt of this world, we college students should be fully aware of the important role the classics pl ay in broadening one’s vision. Therefore, we should start reading and studying the treasuries our ancestors left and absorbing the essence of those classical works. We should also advocate to the public the importance of classics so that an increasing number of general people can enjoy the pleasure of reading.Part II Reading Comprehension (Skimming and Scanning)1. N2. Y3. Y4. NG5. a trip to the Mir Space Station6. a space hotel7. small gravitational pull8. the fuel to take off / launch9. $50,00010. space travelPart III Listening ComprehensionSection A11. D 12. C 13. B 14. C 15. D16. A 17. B 18. A 19. B 20.D21. A 22. B23. B 24.C 25. ASection B26. B 27. C 28.C 29.D 30. A31. D 32. A 33. C 34.D 35. BSection C36. addition 37. psychologist 38. recognize 39. challenges40. wisdom 41. identify 42. secret 43. specific44. This is the first demonstration that we can choose what words the children will learn and that they canrespond to them45. What’s more, the study of language acquisition offers direct insight into how humans learn46. Even without being taught new words, a control group caught up with the other infants within a fewmothsPart IV Reading Comprehension (Reading in Depth)Section A47. a blessing48. simplified49. A tragedy / disaster / loss almost occurred to itOr: it had nearly been destroyed by a firestorm.50. different51. make a list of the unnecessary things before unloading themSection B52. A 53. D 54. A 55. D 56. B57. B 58. C 59. D 60. A 61. APart V Error Correction62. on→in63. report后面加was64. demand→demanding65. 去掉to66. in 改为that67. writing→write68. desirable→undesirable69. begin→began70. its→their71. nation→nationalPart VI Translation72. followed my advice, you would not have run into trouble73. watched her injured son being sent into the operation room74. were advised not to travel to that country at the moment75. by/ via email instead of phone76. It was not until the deadline did he send out/post.Tapescripts：Section A11. W: I need to find a dentist; you said you know Dr. Smith well, do you recommend her?M: Well, I had to see her a few times, but what impressed me most were the magazines in her waiting room.Q: What does the woman imply?12. W: I’m afraid I can’t show you the apartment at the moment, because the tenant is still living in it. It’sreally a lovely place, with a big kitchen and a sunny window, for only two hundred dollars a month.M: Sounds good, but we really can’t rent an apartment without seeing it first.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?13. M: So, that’s what’s been keeping you so busy recently!W: Yes, I’ve been tied up with my studies. You know I’m planning to go to the United States this coming summer, but I’m a bit nervous about my English.Q: What is the woman busy doing?14. W: How did you feel when you found out you had high blood pressure?M: Shocked! The problem for me was that there were no symptoms; it seemed to have sneaked up on me.Q: What does the man mean?15. W: So, you’re just back from a trip to India. What were you doing there?M: The trip was intended to bring to the world’s attention the fact that AIDS is not just an African disease; it’s also endangering other countries, notably, India and Thailand.Q: What was the purpose of the man’s trip to India?16. M: It’s quite clear form my visit, this is a full size, comprehensive university. So why is it still called acollege?W: The College of William and Mary is the second oldest institution of higher learning in this country.We have nurtured great minds like Thomas Jefferson and we are proud of our name.Q: What do we learn from this conversation about the College of William and Mary?17. M: Have the parts we need for the photo copying machine arrived yet?W: I ordered them last week, but something is holding them up.Q: What does the woman say about the parts needed for the photo copying machine?18. W: The cafeteria provided many kinds of dished for us today. Did you notice that?M: Yes, kind of rare, isn’t it?Q: What does the man imply?Now you’ll hea r the two long conversations.Long Conversation One:W: Hello, Patrick, is that you?M: Yeah Jane, what can I do for you?W: I was calling about the apple tree that you were trimming yesterday.M: That was hard work!W: I’m sure it was. It sure looked diff icult.M: Yeah, I’m glad it’s finished. Hauling the branches to the front for garbage pick up was no fun either. W: Well, I don’t think you’re quite finished yet, some of the larger branches fell over into my yard, and I think you should come and get them.M: Listen Jane, I don’t see why I should do that. You eat all the apples that fall in your yard and you’ve never complained about that before.W: Well, it’s easier to pick up apples then to drag tree branches all the way to the curb. My kids pick up the apples, and the branches are just too big for them to drag.M: Well, I guess you’ll just have to do it yourself Jane.W: Patrick, I wish you would reconsider. We’ve always gotten along fairly well, but I think you’re out of line here. The branches are your responsibility.M: Sorry Jane, I disagree! You take the benefits of the apple tree, but refuse to deal with the bad side of it!Besides, it won’t take you any time to get the branches out front!W: Get the branches off my property or I’ll have to sue you.M: Yeah? For what?! You’re taking those law classes too seriously! I’ve gotta go, I have to pick up my son.W: You’ll be hearing from me.M: Yeah, yeah. See you in court Jane.Questions 19-22 are based on the questions you have just heard.19. What did the man do yesterday?20. What was the woman’s original plan when she went to Florence?21. What did the woman threaten to do?22. What was the man’s reaction to the woman’s threat?Long conversation 2M: Did you hear about the air crash that occurred in South America recently? It was quite a tragic accident!W: No，I didn’t see anything in the news about it. What happened?M: A foreign airliner was attempting to land at night in a mountainous area in Argentina and flew into ahill!W: That sounds really terrible! Did anyone survive?M: No, everyone aboard, including the crew, was killed instantly.W: What were the circumstances? Were they bad weather, a fire, or an engine failure?M: Apparently, there were so low clouds in the area, but mostly it was just miscommunication between the pilots and air traffic controllers.W: Weren’t they both speaking in English, the official international aviation language?M: Yes they were, but the transmit ion from poor quality radios was slightly distorted and the accents of the Spanish speaking controllers was so strong that the pilots misunderstood a vital instruction.W: How could a misunderstanding like that cause such a serious accident?M: The pilots were told to descend to 22,000 feet. The instruction actually meant 22,000 feet, but they thought they heard descend 2,000 fe et. That’s a huge difference, and it should have been confirmed, but it was not. Unfortunately, the terrain of the mountains in that region extends up to 20,000 feet. W: So the pilots did descend to the wrong altitude then, because they were following the air controllers’ instructions.M: Sadly enough, yes they did. It was a really bad mistake. Many people died as a result of the simply understanding.W: Wow, that’s a powerful lesson on how important it can be to accurately communicate to each other. Questions: 23-25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.23. What was the cause of the tragedy?24. How high are the mountains in the region?25. What lesson could be drawn from the accident?Section BPassage 1Edgar Poe, an American writer, was born in 1809. His parents were actors. Edgar was a baby when his father left the family. He was two years old when his mother died. He was taken into the home of a wealthy business man named John Allen. He then received his real name, Edgar Allen Poe. As a young man, Poe attended the University of Virginia. He was a good student, but he liked to drink alcohol and play card games for money. As an unskilled game player, he often lost money. Since he couldn’t pay off his gambling money, he left university and began working for magazines. He worked hard, yet he was not well paid, or well known. At the age of 27, he got married. For a time it seemed that Poe would find happiness, but his wife was sick for most of their marriage, and died in 1847. Through all his crises, Poe produced many stories and poems which appeared in different publications, yet he didn’t become famous until 1845, when his poem, The Raven, was published. There is a question, however, about Poe’s importance in American Literature. Some critics sa y that Poe was one of America’s best writers, and even influenced many French writers, but others disagree. They say that Poe’s work is difficult to understand and most of his writing describes many unpleasant situations and events. Edgar Allen Poe died in 1849 when he was 40 years old. It is said that he was found dead after days of heavy drinking.Questions26 to 29 are based on the passage you’ve just heard:26. What happened to Edgar Allen Poe’s family, when he was only two years old?27. Why did Edgar Allen Poe leave the University of Virginia?28. What do some critics say about Edgar Allen Poe?29. How did Edgar Allen Poe’s life come to an end?Passage 2More than fifty years ago, the United Nations declared that literacy is a basic human right. It’s v ery important for improving the lives of individuals, however, it is estimated that 880 million adults aroundthe world are illiterate, that is, they are unable to read or write. A majority of them are women. Over 100 million school age children around the world do not attend school. Many others complete school or fail to finish their studies without learning to read or write. Many countries depend on the efforts of people who offer their time to help illiterate individuals. For example, John Mogger became concerned about the problem of illiteracy three years ago, so he started teaching five prisoners in Brazil. In his teaching, he developed a system with these prisoners. He says his way of teaching can help anyone learn how to read and write with about thirty hours of study. To learn his system, people must first know how to write letters of the alphabet and learn which sounds they represent. The system divides letters into three groups. The first group of letter can be written between two lines. The second can be written between two lines but part of the letter is above the top line. The third group has letters that are partly written below the lower line. John Mogger taught his students to write simply words from the letters, in this way, his students learned more than seven hundred words. Many of them can now write to family members. They also can read newspapers and magazines.Questions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you’ve just heard:30. According to the speaker, which group of people make up the majority of the illiterate population?31. What is the most important feature of John Moggers method of teaching the alphabet?32. What does John Mogger say about his teaching method?Passage 3Farmers usually use plows to prepare their fields for planting crops. Plows cut into the ground, and lift up weeds, and other unwanted plants. However, plowing is blamed for causing severe damage to top soil by removing the plants that protect soil from being blown or washed away. Many farmers in South Asia are now trying a process called Low Till Farming. Low Till Farming limits the use of plows. In this method of farming seeds and fertilizer are put into the soil through small cuts made in the surface of the ground. Low Till Agriculture leaves much or all the soil and remains of plants on the ground. They serve as a natural fertilizer and help support the roots of future crops. They take in rain and allow it to flow into the soil instead of running off. It has been proved that Low Till Farming increases harvests and reduces water use, and this method reduced the need for chemical products because there are fewer unwanted plants. Scientists say Low Till Farming is becoming popular in South Asia, which is facing a sever water shortage. They say the area will become depended on imported food unless water is saved through methods like Low Till Farming. Currently, more than 150 million people in South Asia depend on local rice and wheat crops. Farmers grow rice during wet weather. During the dry season they grow wheat in the same fields. Farmers are using the Low Till method to plant wheat after harvesting rice. Scientists say Low Till Agriculture is one of the best examples in the worlds of technologies working for both people, and the environment.Questions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you’ve just heard:33. What is the main problem cause by the usual way of plowing?34. What does the speaker say about Low Till Farming?35. Where is Low Till Farming becoming popular?Section CAdults are getting smarter about how smart babies are. Not long ago, researches learned that four day olds could understand (36) addition and subtraction. Now, British research (37) psychologist Gram Shaffer has discovered that infants can learn words or uncommon things long before they can speak. He found that nine month old infants could be taught through repeated show and tell to (38) recognize the names of objects that were foreign to them, a result that (39) challenges in some ways, the received (40) wisdom that apart from learning to (41) identify things common to their daily lives, children don’t being to build vocabulary until well into their second year. ―It’s no (42) secret that children learn words, but thewords they tend to know are linked to (43) specific situations in the home,‖ exp lains Shaffer. (44) This is the first demonstration that we can choose what words the children will learn and that they can respond to them with an unfamiliar voice giving instructions in an unfamiliar setting. ―Figuring out how human acquire language may shed light on why some children learn to read and write later than others,‖ Shaffer says, ―and could lead to better treatments for developed mental problems.‖ (45) What’s more, the study of language acquisition offers direct insight into how humans learn. ―Language is a test case for human cognitive development,‖ says Shaffer, ―but parents eager to teach their infants should take note: (46) Even without being taught new words a control group caught up with the other infants within a few months. ―This is not about advancing development‖, he says, ―it’s just about what children can do at an earlier age than what educators have often thought.‖2011年12月英语六级真题写作Directions:for this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay entitled the way to success by commenting on Abraham Lincoln’s famous remark ,‖give me six hours to chop down a tree ,and I will spend the first four hours sharpe ning the axe‖ you should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.快速阅读Google's plan for world's biggest online library: philanthropy or act of piracy?Google has already scanned 10 million books in its bid to digitise the contents of the world's major librar ies, but a copyright battle now threatens the project, with Amazon and Microsoft joining authors and publisher s opposed to the scheme.In recent years the world's most venerable libraries have played host to some incongruous visitors. In dust y nooks and far-flung stacks, teams of workers dispatched by Google have been beavering away to make digit al copies of books. So far, Google has scanned more than 10 million titles from libraries in America and Eur ope –including half a million volumes held by the Bodleian in Oxford. The exact method it uses is unclear; t he company does not allow outsiders to observe the process.Why is Google undertaking such a venture, so seemingly out-of-kilter with its snazzy, hi-tech image? Why is it even interested in all those out-of-print library books, most of which have been gathering dust on forgotten shelves for decades? The company claims its motives are essentially public-spirited. Its overall mission, afte r all, is to "organise the world's information", so it would be odd if that information did not include books. Li ke the Ancient Egyptians who attempted to build a library at Alexandria containing all the known world's scro lls, Google executives talk of constructing a universal online archive, a treasure trove of knowledge that will b e freely available –or at least freely searchable –for all.The company likes to present itself as having lofty, utopian aspirations. "This really isn't about making m oney" is a mantra. "We are doing this for the good of society." As Santiago de la Mora, head of Google Boo ks for Europe, puts it: "By making it possible to search the millions of books that exist today, we hope to ex pand the frontiers of human knowledge."Dan Clancy, the chief architect of Google Books, offers an analogy with the invention of the Gutenberg p ress –Google's book project, he says, will have a similar democratising effect. He talks of people in far-flung parts being able to access knowledge as never before, of search queries leading them to the one, long out-of-print book they need.And he does seem genuine in his conviction that this is primarily a philanthropic exercise. "Google's core business is search and find, so obviously what helps improve Google's search engine is good for Google," he says. "But we have never built a spreadsheet outlining the financial benefits of this, and I have never had to justify the amount I am spending to the company's founders."It is easy, talking to Clancy and his colleagues, to be swept along by their missionary zeal. But Google's book-scanning project is proving controversial. Several opponents have recently emerged, ranging from rival tec h giants such as Microsoft and Amazon to small bodies representing authors and publishers across the world. I n broad terms, these opponents have levelled two sets of criticisms at Google.First, they have questioned whether the primary responsibility for digitally archiving the world's books sho uld be allowed to fall to a commercial company. In a recent essay in the New York Review of Books, Robert Darnton, the head of Harvard University's library, argued that because such books are a common resource –the possession of us all –only public, not-for-profit bodies should be given the power to control them.The second, related criticism is that Google's scanning of books is actually illegal. This allegation has led to Google becoming mired in a legal battle whose scope and complexity makes the Jarndyce and Jarndyce ca se in Bleak House look straightforward.At its centre, however, is one simple issue: that of copyright. The inconvenient fact about most books, to which Google has arguably paid insufficient attention, is that they are protected by copyright. Copyright laws differ from country to country, but in general protection extends for the duration of an author's life and for a substantial period afterwards, thus allowing the author's heirs to benefit. (In Britain and America, this post-deat h period is 70 years.) This means, of course, that almost all of the books published in the 20th century are st ill under copyright –and last century saw more books published than in all previous centuries combined. Of t he roughly 40 million books in US libraries, for example, an estimated 32 million are in copyright. Of these, some 27 million are out of print.Outside the US, Google has made sure only to scan books that are out of copyright and thus in the "pub lic domain" (works such as the Bodleian's first edition of Middlemarch, which anyone can read for free on Go ogle Books Search).But, within the US, the company has scanned both in-copyright and out-of-copyright works. In its defence, Google points out that it displays only snippets of books that are in copyright –arguing that such displays ar e "fair use". But critics allege that by making electronic copies of these books without first seeking the permis sion of copyright holders, Google has committed piracy."The key principle of copyright law has always been that works can be copied only once authors have ex pressly given their permission," says Piers Blofeld, of the Sheil Land literary agency in London. "Google has r eversed this –it has simply copied all these works without bothering to ask."In 2005, the Authors Guild of America, together with a group of US publishers and publishers, launched a class action suit against Google that, after more than two years of wrangling, ended with an announcement l ast October that Google and the claimants had reached an out-of-court settlement. The full details are staggerin gly complicated –the text alone runs to 385 pages –and trying to summarise it is no easy task. "Part of the problem is that it is basically incomprehensible," says Blofeld, one of the settlement's most vocal British critic s.Broadly, the deal provides a mechanism for Google to reimburse authors and publishers whose rights it ha s breached (including giving them a share of any future revenue it generates from their works). In exchange f or this, the rights holders agree not to sue Google in future.The settlement stipulates that a body known as the Books Rights Registry will represent the interests of U S copyright holders. Authors and publishers with a copyright interest in a book scanned by Google who make themselves known to the registry will be entitled to receive a payment –in the region of $60 per book –as compensation.听力理解Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 8 short conversations and2 long conversations. At the end of eac h conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and the quest ions will be spoken only once. After each question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read th e four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.11.M: I don’t know what to do. I have to drive to Chicago next Friday for my cousin’s wedding, but I hav e got a Psychology test to prepare for.W: Why don’t you record your notes so you can study on the way?Q: What does the woman suggest the man do?12.M: Professor Wright, you may have to find another student to play this role, the lines are so long and I simply can’t remember them all.W: Look, Tony. It is still a long time before the first show. I don’t expect you to know all the lines yet. Just keep practicing.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?13.M: Hello, this is Dr. Martin from the Emergency Department. I have a male patient with a fractured ankl e.W: Oh, we have one bed available in ward 3, send him here and I will take care of him.Q: What are the speakers talking about?14.W: Since Simon will graduate this May, the school paper needs a new editor. So if you are interested, I will be happy to nominate you.M: Thanks for considering me. But the baseball team is starting up a new season. And I’m afraid I have a lot on my hands.Q: What does the man mean?15. W: Have you heard the news that Jame Smeil has resigned his post as prime minister?M: Well, I got it from the headlines this morning. It’s reported th at he made public at this decision at th e last cabinet meeting.Q: what do we learn about Jame Smeil?16. W: The morning paper says the space shuttle is taking off at 10 a.m. tomorrow.M: Yeah, it’s just another one of this year’s routine missions. T he first mission was undertaken a decade ago and broadcast live then worldwide.Q: what can we infer from this conversation?17. M: We do a lot of camping in the mountains. What would you recommend for two people?W: You’d probably be better off with the four real drive vehicle. We have several off-road trucks in stoc k, both new and used.Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place?18. W: I hear you did some serious shopping this past weekend.M: Yeah, the speakers of my old stereo finally gave out and there was no way to repair them.Q: What did the man do over the weekend?Conversation OneW: Now, could you tell me where the idea for the business first came from?M: Well, the original shop was opened by a retired printer by the name of Gruby. Mr Gruby being left-h anded himself, thought of the idea to try to promote a few products for left-handers.W: And how did he then go about actually setting up the business?M: Well, he looked for any left-handed products that might already be on the market which were very fe w. And then contacted the manufactures with the idea of having products produced for him, mainly in the scis sors range to start with.W: Right. So you do commission some part of your stock.M: Yes, very much so. About 75 percent of our stock is specially made for us.W: And the rest of it?M: Hmm, the rest of it now, some 25, 30 years after Mr. Gruby’s initial efforts, there are more left-hand ed product actually on the market. Manufactures are now beginning to see that there is a market for left-hande d products.W: And what’s the range of your stock?M: The range consists of a variety of scissors from children scissors to scissors for tailors, hairdressers et c. We also have a large range of kitchen ware.W: What’s the competition like? Do you have quite a lot of competition?M: There are other people in the business now in specialists, but only as mail-order outlets. But we have a shop here in central London plus a mail-order outlet. And we are without any doubt the largest supplier ofthe left-handed items.Q19: What kind of business does the man engaged in?Q20: What does the man say about his stock of products?Q21: What does the man say about other people in his line of business?Conversation TwoM: Can we make you an offer? We would like to run the campaign for four extra weeks.W: well, can we summarize the problem from my point of view? First of all, the campaign was late. It missed two important trade affairs. The ads also did not appear into key magazines. As a result, the campaign failed. Do you accept that summary of what happened?M: well, the delay wasn’t entirely our fault. You did in fact make late changes to the specifications of th e advertisements.W: Uh, actually, you were late with the initial proposals so you have very little time and in fact, we onl y asked for small changes.M: Well whatever, can we repeat our offer to run the campaign for 4 extra weeks?W: That’s not really the point. The campaign missed two key t rade affairs. Because of this, we are askin g you either to repeat the campaign next year for free, or we only pay 50% of the fee for this year.M: Could we suggest a 20% reduction to the fee together with the four week sustention to the campaign.W: We are not happy. We lost business.M: I think we both made mistakes. The responsibility is on both sides.W: Ok, let’s suggest a new solution. How about a 40% cut in fee, or a free repeat campaign?M: Well, let’s take a break, we’re not getting very f ar. Perhaps we should think about this.22: What do we learn about the man’s company?23: Why was the campaign delayed according to the man?24: What does the woman propose as a solution to the problem?25: What does the man suggest they do at the end of the conversation?。

2006年6月17日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(A卷)注意事项一、将自己的校名、姓名、准考证号写在答题卡上。

将本试卷代号(A、B卷)划在答题卡上。

二、试卷和答题卡均不得带出考场。

考试结束，监考员收卷后考生才可离开。

三、仔细读懂题目的说明。

四、多项选择题的答案一定要划在答题卡上，凡是写在试卷上的答案一律无效。

每题只能选一个答案：如多选。

则该题无分，选定答案后，用铅笔在相应字母的中部划一条横线。

正确方法是：A) B) C) D)。

使用其他符号答题者不给分，划线要有一定粗度，浓度要盖过字母底色。

五、如果要改动答案，必须先用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后再按上面的规定重新答题。

六、试题的第四部分改错(Error Correction)和第五部分作文(Writing)印刷在答题卡上，请用黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡上作答。

七、在90分钟内做完试题的第一至第四部分，90分钟后，监考员收取试卷，然后考生再做第五部分作文题，答题时间为30分钟。

全部考试时间为120分钟，不得拖延时间。

八、在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密，若被他人抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。

全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2. A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulb.C) Clean the dining room.D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He‟d like a piece of pie.B) He‟d like some coffee.C) He‟d rather stay in the war m room.D) He‟s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony‟s secretary.B) Paul‟s girlfriend.C) Paul‟s coll eague.D) Tony‟s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist‟s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doe sn‟t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn‟t agree with the woman‟s remark.C) He thinks Jenny‟s workload too heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Social work.B) Medical care.C) Applied physics.D) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her par ents‟ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children‟s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies, Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what‟s wrong with a society that prese nts videos of domestic violence as entertainment.Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals. The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement:“At this time, well over 1,000 studies... point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read …aggressive‟ or …non-aggressive‟ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new HarvardCenter on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Som ething has gone wrong with today‟s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para. 3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para. 5) to refer to those who________.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging________.A) the source and amount of their dataB) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurementD) their definition of violence25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between themedia and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.You‟re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top $2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans ca n‟s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors canbuy drugs at reasonable prices, why can‟t we?Even to whisper that thought provokes anger. “Un-American!” And-the propagandists‟trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.”Super size drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up.Common sense tells you that‟s a false alternative. The reward for finding,say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one‟s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry‟s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should our health-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can‟t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on tod ay‟s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies (药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we‟ll find, But I haven‟t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buying crossborder.Most users of prescription drugs don‟t worry about costs a lot. They‟re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay. The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who‟ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans can‟t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can‟t afford to see a doct or when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaringdrug prices by ________.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S.drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. What should be the priority of America‟s health-care system according to theauthor?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To maintain America‟s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age—insome cases as low as 55—isautomatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one‟s need but by the date on one‟s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—ascommon as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly”and “needy”are synonymous (同义的). Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, But most of them aren‟t.It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense,directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between thegenerations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don‟t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can‟t take care of themselves and need special treatment；and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31. We learn from the first paragraph that ________.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society inreturn.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made tosociety.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged, need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Securitysystem.33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will ________.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the young.D) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions.35. Which of the following best summarizes the author‟s main argu ment?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century.The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellow citizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights. But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumul ated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans‟lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardl ess of class. Structural racism‟s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of Amer ica‟s history. Onethird of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family‟s net wealth was $16,400, less than one fifth that of white families. Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions. During the 1990-91 recession, African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of ________.A) crime against humanityB) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in GeorgiaD) racial segregation in America37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is ________.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites ________.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks‟ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouched.C) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks‟ civil rights.Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. Because of the ________ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at homeand abroad.A) originalityB) subjectivityC) generalityD) ambiguity42. With its own parliament and currency and a common ________ for peace, theEuropean Union declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.A) inspirationB) assimilationC) intuitionD) aspiration43. America has now adopted more ________ European-style inspection systems, andthe incidence of food poisoning is falling.A) discreteB) solemnC) rigorousD) autonomous44. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ________ spurto efficiency and innovation.A) extravagantB) exquisiteC) intermittentD) indispensable45. In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many ofthe technological wonders that are ________ today.A) transientB) commonplaceC) implicitD) elementary46. I was so ________ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket forthe first time.A) immersedB) assaultedC) thrilledD) dedicated47. His arm was ________ from the shark‟s mouth and reattached, but the boy, whonearly died, remained in a delicate condition.A) retrievedB) retainedC) repelledD) restored48. Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ________ to be the GreatestAmerican.A) appointedB) appeasedC) nicknamedD) dominated49. The ________ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will helpdecrease the crime rate.A) overflowingB) overwhelmingC) prevalentD) premium50. We will also see a ________ increase in the number of televisions per household, assmall TV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.A) startlingB) surpassingC) suppressingD) stacking51. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ________ values andideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A) enrichedB) enlightenedC) cherishedD) chartered52. Researchers have discovered that ________ with animals in an active way maylower a person‟s blood pressure.A) interactingB) integratingC) migratingD) merging53. The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 1960s, traveled worldwide formany years, ________ cultural barriers.A) transportingB) transplantingC) transferringD) transcending54. In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ________ him of muchof his sight.A) relievedB) jeopardizedC) deprivedD) eliminated55. Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bonesbecome denser and less ________ to injury.A) attachedB) proneC) immuneD) reconciled56. He has ________ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entirepersonal collection of modern art.A) ascribedB) attributedC) designatedD) donated57. Erik‟s website contains ________ photographs and hundreds of articles and shortvideos from his trip around the globe.A) prosperousB) gorgeousC) spaciousD) simultaneous58. Optimism is a ________ shown to be associated with good physical health, lessdepression and longer life.A) trailB) traitC) traceD) track59. The institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students makea successful ________ into college life.A) transformationB) transmissionC) transitionD) transaction60. Philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which________ the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.A) distortB) reinforceC) exertD) scramble61. The term “glass ceiling” was first used by the Wall Street Journal to describe theapparent barriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ________.A) seniorityB) superiorityC) heightD) hierarchy62. Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, includingobserving lights in the sky and ________ animal behavior.A) abnormalB) exoticC) absurdD) erroneous63. Around 80 percent of the ________ characteristics of most white Britons have beenpassed down from a few thousand Ice Age hunters.A) intelligibleB) randomC) spontaneousD) genetic64. Picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ________ of a newattitude towards modern art.A) informativeB) indicativeC) exclusiveD) expressive65. The country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years or morewith little ________ from the outside world.A) disturbanceB) discriminationC) irritationD) irregularity66. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and________.A) stabilityB) capabilityC) durabilityD) availability67. Back in the days when people traveled by horse and carriage, Karl Benz ________the world with his extraordinary three-wheeled motor vehicle.A) inhibitedB) extinguishedC) quenchedD) stunned。

2006年6月17日大学英语六级(CET-6) 真题试卷(A卷)Part I Listening Comprehension(20 minutes)1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas2. A) Set the dinner table. B) Change the light bulb.C) Clean the dining room. D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He’d like a piece of pie. B) He’d like some coffee.C) He’d rather stay in the warm room. D) He’s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of carsB) He is contented with his current positionC) He might get fired D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony’s secretary；B) Paul’s girlfriend；C) Paul’s colleague D) Tony’s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore. B) At the dentist’s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doesn’t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark.C) He thinks Jenny’s workload too heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.;B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.;D) The plot was funny enough.Section B In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions willbe spoken only once.Passage One11. A) Social work.B) Medical care.C) Applied physics.D) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents’ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicappedPassage Two14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children’s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage Three18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns. Part II Reading ComprehensionThere are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies, Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what’s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment.Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals. The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies... point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read ‘aggressive’ or ‘non-aggressive’ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Something has gone wrong with today’s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para. 3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para. 5)to refer to those who________.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging________.A) the source and amount of their data;B) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurement;D) their definition of violence25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between themedia and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passageYou’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top $2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can’s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A heart y chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices, why can’t we? Even to whisper that thoughtprovokes anger. “Un-American!” And-the propagandists’trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Supersize drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up.Common sense tells you that’s a false alternative. The reward for finding, say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one’s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry’s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should our health-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can’t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today’s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies (药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, But I haven’t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buying crossborder.Most users of prescription drugs don’t worry about costs a lot. They’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay. The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who’ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans can’t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can’t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb itssoaring drug prices by ________.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. What should be the priority of America’s health-care system according to theauthor?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To maintain America’s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs31 to 35 are based on the following passageAge has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age—in some cases as low as 55—is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one’s need but by the date on one’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous (同义的). Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, But most of them aren’t.It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old.Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don’t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment；and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31. We learn from the first paragraph that ________.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society inreturn.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made tosociety.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged, need humane help fromsociety.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the SocialSecurity system.33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will________.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the young.D) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions.35. Which of the following best summarizes the author’s main argument?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Passage FourIn 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.”But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century.The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellow citizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights. But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans’ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits”of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural racism’s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of America’s history. One third of all black households actually have negative net wealth.In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was $16,400, less than one fifth that of white families. Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions. During the 1990-91 recession, African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of________.A) crime against humanity;B) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in Georgia;D) racial segregation in America37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is ________.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites ________.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racialdiscrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks’ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouched.C) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks’ civil rights.Part III V ocabulary41. Because of the ________ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both athome and abroad.A) originality;B) subjectivity;C) generality;D) ambiguity42. With its own parliament and currency and a common ________ for peace, theEuropean Union declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.A) inspiration;B) assimilation;C) intuition;D) aspiration43. America has now adopted more ________ European-style inspection systems,and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.A) discrete;B) solemn;C) rigorous;D) autonomous44. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ________spur to efficiency and innovation.A) extravagant;B) exquisite;C) intermittent;D) indispensable45. In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw manyof the technological wonders that are ________ today.A) transient;B) commonplace;C) implicit;D) elementary46. I was so ________ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarketfor the first time.A) immersed;B) assaulted;C) thrilled;D) dedicated47. His arm was ________ from the shark’s mouth and reattached, but the boy, whonearly died, remained in a delicate condition.A) retrieved;B) retained;C) repelled;D) restored48. Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ________ to be theGreatest American.A) appointed;B) appeased;C) nicknamed;D) dominated49. The ________ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will helpdecrease the crime rate.A) overflowing;B) overwhelming;C) prevalent;D) premium50. We will also see a ________ increase in the number of televisions per household,as small TV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.A) startling;B) surpassing;C) suppressing;D) stacking51. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ________ valuesand ideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A) enriched;B) enlightened;C) cherished;D) chartered52. Researchers have discovered that ________ with animals in an active way maylower a person’s blood pressure.A) interacting;B) integrating;C) migrating;D) merging53. The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 1960s, traveled worldwide formany years, ________ cultural barriers.A) transporting;B) transplanting;C) transferring;D) transcending54. In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ________ him ofmuch of his sight.A) relieved;B) jeopardized;C) deprived;D) eliminated55. Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bonesbecome denser and less ________ to injury.A) attached;B) prone;C) immune;D) reconciled56. He has ________ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entirepersonal collection of modern art.A) ascribed;B) attributed;C) designated;D) donated57. Erik’s website contains ________ photographs and hundreds of articles and shortvideos from his trip around the globe.A) prosperous;B) gorgeous;C) spacious;D) simultaneous58. Optimism is a ________ shown to be associated with good physical health, lessdepression and longer life.A) trail;B) trait;C) trace;D) track59. The institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year studentsmake a successful ________ into college life.A) transformation;B) transmission;C) transition;D) transaction60. Philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which________ the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.A) distort;B) reinforce;C) exert;D) scramble61. The term “glass ceiling” was first used by the Wall Street Journal to describe theapparent barriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ________.A) seniority B) superiority C) height D) hierarchy62. Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes,including observing lights in the sky and ________ animal behavior.A) abnormal B) exotic C) absurd D) erroneous63. Around 80 percent of the ________ characteristics of most white Britons havebeen passed down from a few thousand Ice Age hunters.A) intelligible B) random C) spontaneous D) genetic64. Picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ________ of a newattitude towards modern art.A) informative B) indicative C) exclusive D) expressive65. The country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years ormore with little ________ from the outside world.A) disturbance B) discrimination C) irritation D) irregularity66. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfortand ________.A) stability B) capability C) durability D) availability67. Back in the days when people traveled by horse and carriage, Karl Benz________ the world with his extraordinary three-wheeled motor vehicle.A) inhibited B) extinguished C) quenched D) stunned68. If we continue to ignore the issue of global warming, we will almost certainlysuffer the ________ effects of climatic changes worldwide.A) dubious B) drastic C) trivial D) toxic69. According to the theory of evolution, all living species are the modified________ of earlier species.A) descendants B) dependants C) defendants D) developments70. The panda is an endangered species, which means that it is very likely to become________ without adequate protection.A) intact B) insane C) extinct D) exemptPart IV Error CorrectionExample:╱. 1. time/times/period Television is rapidly becoming the literature of our periods╱used for the study of literature as 2. _______\_______ Many of the arguments havinga school subject are valid for ∧study of television. 3. ______the______Until recently, dyslexia and other reading problems were a mystery to mostteachers and parents. As a result, too many kids passed through school without master the printed page. (S1) Some were treated as mentally deficient: many were left functionally illiterate (文盲的)，unable to ever meet their potential. But in the last several years, there’s been a revolution in that we’ve learned about reading and dyslexia. (S2) Scientists are using a variety of new imaging techniques to watch the brain at work. Their experiments have shown that reading disorders are most likely the result of what is, in an effect, (S3) faulty wiring in the brain—not lazy, stupidity or a poor home (S4) environment. There’s also convincing evidence which dyslexia (S5) is largely inherited. It is now considered a chronic problem for some kids, not just a “phase”. Scientists have also discarded another old stereotype that almost all dyslexic s are boys. Studies indicate that many girls are affecting as well (S6) and not getting help.At same time, educational researchers have come up (S7) with innovative teaching strategies for kids who are having trouble learning to read. New screening tests are identifying children at risk before they get discouraged by year of (S8) frustration and failure. And educators are trying to get the message to parents that they should be on the alert for the first signs of potential problems.It’s an urgent mission. Mass literacy is a relative new (S9) social goal. A hundred years ago people didn’t need to be good readers in order to earn a living. But in the Information Age, no one can get by with knowing how to read well and (S10) understand increasingly complex material.Part V WritingNumber of people in City X traveling abroad in 1995, 2000 and 2005近十年来X市有越来越多的人选择出境旅游出现这种现象的原因这种现象可能产生的影响06年6月17日六级参考答案。

英语听⼒频道为⼤家整理的2006年6⽉英语六级听⼒真题，供⼤家参考:) Section A 1. M: Mary, could you please tell Thomas to contact me? I was hoping he would be able to help me out with the freshmen orientation program next week. W: I would certainly tell him if I saw him, but I haven't seen him around for quite a few days. Q: What does the woman mean? 2. M: Susan, I am going to change the light bulb above the dining room table. Will you hold the ladder for me? W: No problem. But be careful while you're up there. Q: What does the man want the woman to do? 3. W: It's freezing cold. Let me make some coffee to warm us up. Do you want a piece of pie as well? M: Coffee sounds great. But I'm going to have dinner with some friends in a while, so I'd better skip the pie. Q: What does the man mean? 4. W: How come Jim lost his job? M: I didn't say he had lost it. All I said was if he didn't get out and start selling a few cars instead of idling around all day, he might find himself looking for a new job. Q: What does the man say about Jim? 5. M: Hello, Mary. This is Paul at the bank. Is Tony home? W: Not yet. Paul. I don't think you can reach him at the office now, either. He phoned me five minutes ago to say he was stopping for a hair-cut on his way home. Q: Who do you think the woman probably is? 6. W: Oh! Boy! I don't understand how you got a ticket today. I always thought you were slow even driving on the less crowded fast lane. M: I'm usually careful. But this time I thought I could get through the intersection before the light turned. Q: What do we learn about the man? 7. W: Your dog certainly seems to know you are his master. Did you have to punish him very often when you trained him? M: I found it's much better to praise him when he obeys and not to be so fussy when he makes mistakes. Q: What does the man say about training dogs? 8. M: I am afraid there won't be time to do another tooth today. Make sure you don't eat anything like stakes for the next few hours, and we'll fill the other cavity tomorrow. W: All right. Actually, I must hurry to the library to return some books. Q: Where does the conversation most probably take place? 9. W: I am worried about Jenny going to college. College students are so wild nowadays. M: Actually, only a few are like that. Most students are too busy studying to have time to cause trouble. Q: What does the man imply? 10. W: You didn't seem to be terribly enthusiastic about the performance. M: You must be kidding. I couldn't have clapped any harder. My hands are still hurting. Q: What does the man think of the performance? Section B Passage 1 Born and raised in central Ohio, I'm a country girl through and through. I'm currently studying to become a physical therapist, a career path that marks a great achievement for me. At Ohio State University, admission into the physical therapy program is intensely competitive. I made it pass the first cut the first year I applied, but was turned down for admission. I was crushed, because for years I have been determined to become a physical therapist. I received advice from friends and relatives about changing my major and finding another course for my life. I just couldn't do it. I knew I could not be as happy in another profession. So I stilled myself, began to work seriously for another year and reapplied. Happily I received notice of my admission. Later, I found out that less than 15% of the applicant had been offered positions that year. Now in the first two years of professional training, I couldn't be happier with my decision not to give up on my dream. My father told me that if I wanted it badly enough, I would get in. Well, Daddy, I wanted it. So there. After graduation, I would like to travel to another country, possibly a Latin American country and work in a children's hospital for a year or two. So many of the children there are physically handicapped but most hospitals don't have the funding to hire trained staff to care for them properly. I would like to change that somehow. 11. What is the speaker's field of study? 12. According to the speaker, what contributed to her admission to Ohio State University? 13. Why does the speaker want to go to a Latin American country? Passage 2 Gabriela Mistral was once an ordinary teacher in a small village school in Northern Chile. Towering mountains separate her village from the world outside. Gabriela Mistral was only fifteen when she began teaching, but she was a good teacher. She helped the minds of her students' scale the mountain walls and reached out to the world beyond. For eighteen years, Gabriela devoted her life to the poor farm children of Chile's Northern valleys. During part of this time, she was director of schools in all of Chile. Before long, many countries recognized her as a great friend of children and the leader in education. In 1922, she was invited to Mexico to help organize the rural school system. Two years later, Gabriela Mistral came to the United States where she served as a visiting professor in several colleges. In New York City, a group of teachers helped to finance the publication of her first book of poetry. Some of her books have been translated into six different languages. She gave the income from some of her books to help poor and neglected children. Beginning in the 1920's, her interests reached out to broader fields. Statesmen asked her advice on international problems. She tried to break through the national barriers that hindered the exchange of ideas among the Spanish speaking peoples of South America. She tried to develop a better understanding between the United States and countries of Latin America. In 1945, she gained worldwide recognition by winning the Nobel Prize in literature, the first Southern American to win the prize. 14. Where did Gabriela Mistral start her teaching career? 15. How did Gabriela Mistral help the poor children of her hometown? 16. Why did many countries think highly of Gabriela Mistral? 17. How did Gabriela Mistral become famous all over the world? Passage 3 Over time animals have developed many ways to stay away from predators. A predator is an animal that hunts and eats other animals. Hiding is one of the best ways to stay alive. Some animals hide by looking like the places where they live. To see how this works, let's look at the sea dragon. It is a master of disguise. The sea dragon is covered with skin that looks like leaves. The skin helps the dragon look like a piece of seaweed. A hungry meat eater would stay away from anything that looks like seaweed. Other animals stay safe by showing their colors. They want other animals to see them. Scientists call these bright colors--warning colors. You have probably seen animals that have warning colors. Some grasshoppers show off their own bright colors. Those colors don't just look attractive; they tell their enemies to stay away. Of course, hungry predators sometimes ignore the warning. They still go after the grasshopper. If that happens, the grasshopper has a backup defense. It makes lots of foam. The foam tastes so bad that the predator won't do it again. Color doesn't offer enough protection for some other animals. They have different defenses that help them survive in the wild. Many fish live in groups or schools. That's because there is safety in numbers. At the first sign of trouble, schooling fish swim as close together as they can get. Then the school of fish makes lotsof twists and turns. All that movement makes it hard for predators to see individuals in a large group. 18. What is the speaker mainly talking about? 19. What protects the sea dragon from the meat eater's attack? 20. According to the passage, why do many fish stay in groups?。

2000年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷1. A) To cancel his trip.B) To go to bed early.C) To catch a later flight.D) To ask for a wake-up call.2. A) They have different opinions as to what to do next.B) They have to pay for the house by installments.C) They will fix a telephone in the bathroom.D) The man’s attitude is more sensible than the woman’s.3. A) She will save the stamps for the man’s sister.B) She will no longer get letters from Canada.C) She can’t give the stamps to the man’s sister.D) She has given the stamps to the man’s roommates.4. A) Visiting the Brownings.B) Writing a postcard.C) Looking for a postcard.D) Filling in a form.5. A) The man should work with somebody else.B) The man should meet his partner’s needs.C) They should come to a compromise.D) They should find a better lab for the project.6. A) She can’t finish her assignment, either.B) She can’t afford a computer right now.C) The man can use her computer.D) The man should buy a computer right away.7. A) The visiting economist has given several lectures.B) The guest lecturer’s opinion is different from Dr. Johnson’s.C) Dr. Johnson and the guest speaker were schoolmates.D) Dr. Johnson invited the economist to visit their college.er game.8. A) She’s never watched a bettB) Football is-her favorite pastime.C) The game has been canceled.D) Their team played very badly.9. A) The man should stick to what he’s doing.B) The man should take up a new hobby.C) The man should stop playing tennis.D) The man should find the cause for his failure.10. A) An invented story.B) A real life experience.C) An imaginary situation.D) A terrible nightmare.Section B11. A) The name of a German town;B) A resident of Frankfurt.C) A kind of German sausage.D) A kind of German bread.12. A) He sold fast food.B) He raised dogs.C) He was A cook.D) He was a Cartoonist.13. A) Because the Americans found they were from Germany.B) Because people thought they contained dog meat.C) Because people had to get used to their taste.D) Because it was too hot to eat right away.Passage 214. A) They give out faint cries.B) They make noises to drive away insects.C) They extend their water pipes.D) They become elastic like rubber bands.15. A) Quiet plants.B) Well-watered plants.C) Healthy plants.D) Thirsty plants.16. A) They could drive the insects away.B) They could keep the plants well-watered.C) They could make the plants grow faster.D) They could build devices to trap insects.Passage 317. A) To look for a different lifestyle.B) To enjoy themselves.C) For adventure.D) For education.18. A) There are 200 vehicles for every kilometer of roadway.B) It has a dense population.C) There are many museums and palaces.D) It has many towering buildings.19. A) It is a city of contrasts.B) It possesses many historical sites.C) It is an important industrial center.D) It has many big and beautiful parks.20. A) It helps develop our personalities.B) It enables us to acquire first-hand knowledge.C) It makes our life more interesting.D) It brings about changes in our lifestyl2000年1月六级参考答案1. D2. A3. C4. B5. C6. B7. B8. D9. A 10. C 11. C 12. C 13. B 14. A 15. D 16. D 17. D 18. C 19. A 20. B 2000年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷1. A) Buy some traveller’s checks.B) Borrow some money from a friend.C) Check the brakes and tires.D) Spend some time travelling.2. A) He is very forgiving and tolerant.B) He probably has a poor memory.C) He is well liked by his customers.D) He has been introduced to the staff.3. A) He thinks the book should include more information.B) He doesn’t think it necessary to provide the answers.C) The answers will be added in a later edition.D) The book does include the answers.4. A) Announce appeals for public service.B) Hold a charity concert to raise money.C) Ask the school radio station for help.D) Pool money to fund the radio station.5. A) She talked with the consultant about the new program until two.tant before two.B) She couldn’t talk to the consulC) She would talk to the consultant during lunch.D) She couldn’t contact the consultant’s secretary.6. A) They are equally competent for the job.B) They both graduated from art schools.C) They majored in different areas of art.D) They are both willing to draw the posters.7. A) At a book store.B) At an art museum.C) At a newspaper office.D) At a gymnasium.8. A) The woman received a phone call from Mark yesterday.B) The man injured Mark in a traffic accident yesterday.C) The man met a friend by chance.D) The woman contacted Mark on business.9. A) The man should stay up and watch the program.B) The man should read something exciting instead.C) The man should go to bed at eleven.D) The man should give up watching the movie.10. A) Students with a library card can check any book out.B) Reference books are not allowed to be checked out.C) Only students with a library card can check out reference books.D) The number of books a student can check out is unlimited.Section B11. A) To find out whether they take music lessons in their spare time.B) To find out whether they can name four different musical instruments.C) To find out whether they enjoy playing musical instruments in school.D) To find out whether they differ in their preference for musical instruments.12. A) They find them too hard to play.B) They think it silly to play them.C) They find it not challenging enough to play them.D) They consider it important to be different from girls.13. A) Children who have private music tutors.B) Children who are 8 or older.C) Children who are between 5 and 7.D) Children who are well-educated.Passage Two14. A) Because there weren’t any professional teams in the U.S. then.d from the Brazilian National Team yet.B) Because Pele hadn’t retireC) Because this fast-moving sport wasn’t familiar to many Americans.D) Because good professional players received low salaries.15. A) When it has a large number of fans.B) When it plays at home.C) When it has many international stars playing for it.D) When the fans cheer enthusiastically for it.16. A) It wasn’t among the top four teams.B) It didn’t play as well as expected.C) It won the World Cup.D) It placed fourth.Passage Three17. A) Students from America.B) Students from England.C) Students from Australia.D) Students from Japan.18. A) Those who know how to program computers.B) Those who get special aid from their teachers.C) Those who are very hardworking.D) Those who have well-educated parents.19. A) Japanese students study much harder than Columbian students.B) Columbian students score higher than Japanese students in maths.C) Columbian students are more optimistic about their maths skills.D) Japanese students have better conditions for study.20. A) Physics.B) Mathematics.C) Environmental science.D) Life science.2000年6月六级听力参考答案1. D2. B3. D4. C5. B6. A7. C8. C9. D 10. B 11. D 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. D 19. C 20. A2001年1月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷1. A) The man thinks travelling by air is quite safe.B) The woman never travels by plane.C) Both speakers feel nervous when flying.D) The speakers feel sad about the serious loss of life.2. A) At the information desk.B) In an office.C) In a restaurant.D) At a railway station.3. A) Write the letter.B) Paint the shelf.C) Fix the shelf.D) Look for the pen.4. A) It gives a 30% discount to all customers.B) It is run by Mrs. Winter’s husband.C) It hires Mrs. Winter as an adviser.D) It encourages husbands to shop on their own.5. A) Long exposure to the sun.B) Lack of sleep.C) Too tight a hat.D) Long working hours.6. A) His English is still poor after ten years in America.B) He doesn’t mind speaking English with an accent.C) He doesn’t like the way Americans speak.D) He speaks English as if he were a native speaker.7. A) An auto mechanic.B) An electrician.C) A carpenter.D) A telephone repairman.8. A) They both enjoyed watching the game.B) The man thought the results were beyond their expectations.C) They both felt good about the results of the game.D) People were surprised at their winning the game.9. A) Manager and employee.B) Salesman and customer.C) Guide and tourist.D) Professor and student.10. A) Tom has arranged a surprise party for Lucy.B) Tom will keep the surprise party a secret.C) Tom and Lucy have no secrets from each other.D) Tom didn’t make any promise to Lucy.2001年1月六级参考答案1. A2. C3. C4. D5. A6. A7. B8. C9. D 10. D2001年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷1. A) He will tell Mary how to operate the dishwasher.B) He will wash the dishes himself instead.C) He will help Bill to translate the manual.D) He himself will operate the dishwasher.2. A) Lose weight.B) Quit smoking.C) Weigh himself frequently.D) Have a talk with the doctor.3. A) The woman should have complained to her neighbor.B) The woman should stay out until the neighbors are quiet.C) The woman should have stayed at the library.D) The lab will be a better place for reading.4. A) Check the figures later today.B) Do the calculations again tomorrow.C) Bring a calculator tomorrow.D) Calculate the number right now.5. A) She doesn’t remember much about the city.B) She’s never been to the city.C) She would find someone else to help.D) She would talk to the man later.6. A) She thinks the man should have helped earlier.B) She doesn’t need the man’s help.C) She doesn’t know the boxes are heavy.D) She wants the man to help with the boxes.7. A) She let the man use her books for the weekend.B) She brought the books the man asked for.C) She borrowed the books from the man.D) She offered to help the man.8. A) She’d like to have the windows open.B) She likes to have the air conditioner on.C) The air is heavily polluted.D) The windows are already open.9. A) He’s going to visit a photo studio.B) He’s just had his picture taken.C) He’s on the way to the theater.D) He’s just returned from a job interview.10. A) At a gas station.B) In a park.C) In an emergency room.D) At a garage.Section B11.A) One sixth of them are seriously polluted.B) One third of them are seriously polluted.C) Half of them are seriously polluted.D) Most of them are seriously polluted.12. A) There was no garbage left to clean up.B) There was more garbage than before and they had to work harder.C) The river had become so clean that a lot of water-birds came back.D) The river was much cleaner and they had to search for garbage.13. A) Most of them would be indifferent and keep on throwing garbage into the river.B) They would join the students in changing the situation.C) They would become more aware of the pollution problem.D) They would think twice before they went swimming or fishing in the river.Passage Two14. A) Why people hold back their tears.B) Why people cry.C) How to restrain one’s tears.D) How tears are produced.15. A) What chemicals tears are composed of.B) Whether crying really helps us feel better.C) Why some people tend to cry more often than others.D) How tears help people cope with emotional problems.16. A) Only one out of four girls cries less often than boys.B) Of four boys, only one cries very often.C) Girls cry four times as often as boys.often.D) Only one out of four babies doesn’t cry17. A) Only humans respond to emotions by shedding tears.B) Only humans shed tears to get rid of irritating stuff in their eyes.C) Only human tears can resist the invading bacteria.D) Only human tears can discharge certain chemicals.Passage Three18. A) They make decisions by tossing coins.B) They are not physically separated.C) They think exactly the same way.D) They share most of their vital organs.19. A) Few of them can live long.B) Few of them get along well with each other.C) Most of them live a normal life.D) Most of them differ in their likes and dislikes.20. A) They go to a regular school.B) They attend a special school.C) They are taught by their parents.D) They have a private tutor.2001年6月六级参考答案1. B2. A3. C4. B5. A6. B7. C8. A9. B 10. D11. B 12. D 13. C 14. B 15. D16. C 17. A 18. B 19. A 20. A2002年1月12日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷Sec1. A) All the passengers were killed.B) The plane crashed in the night.C) No more survivors have been found.D) It’s too late to search for survivors.2. A) Its results were just as expected.B) It wasn’t very well designed.C) It fully reflected the students’ ability.D) Its results fell short of her expectations.3. A) He believes dancing is enjoyable.B) He definitely does not like dancing.C) He admires those who dance.D) He won’t dance until he has done his work.4. A) His computer doesn’t work well.B) He isn’t getting along with his staff.C) He didn’t register for a proper course.D) He can’t apply the theory to his program.5. A) Reading on the campus lawn.B) Depositing money in the bank.C) Applying for financial aid.D) Reviewing a student’s application.6. A) A new shuttle bus.B) A scheduled space flight.C) An airplane flight.D) The first space flight.7. A) The deadline is drawing near.B) She can’t meet the deadline.C) She turned in the proposals today.D) They are two days ahead of time.8. A) By going on a diet.B) By having fewer meals.C) By doing physical exercise.D) By eating fruit and vegetables.9. A) He enjoyed it as a whole.B) He didn’t think much of it.C) He didn’t like it at all.D) He liked some parts of it.10. A) It looks quite new.B) It needs to be repaired.C) It looks old, but it runs well.D) Its engine needs to be painted.Section B11. A) Experience in negotiating.B) A high level of intelligence.C) The time they spend on preparation.D) The amount of pay they receive.12. A) Study the case carefully beforehand.B) Stick to a set target.C) Appear friendly to the other party.D) Try to be flexible about their terms.13. A) Make sure there is no misunderstanding.B) Try to persuade by giving various reasons.C) Repeat the same reasons.D) Listen carefully and patiently to the other party.Passage Two14. A) They eat huge amounts of food.B) They usually eat twice a day.C) They usually eat to their hearts’ content.D) They eat much less than people assume.15. A) When it is breeding.B) When it feels threatened by humans in its territory.C) When its offspring is threatened.D) When it is suffering from illness.16. A) They are not as dangerous as people think.B) They can be as friendly to humans as dogs.C) They attack human beings by nature.D) They are really tame sea animals.Passage Three17. A) Because people might have to migrate there someday.B) Because it is very much like the earth.C) Because it is easier to explore than other planets.D) Because its atmosphere is different from that of the earth.18. A) Its chemical elements must be studied.B) Its temperature must be lowered.C) Big spaceships must be built.D) Its atmosphere must be changed.19. A) It influences the surface temperature of Mars.B) It protects living beings from harmful rays.C) It keeps a planet from overheating.D) It is the main component of the air people breathe.20. A) Man will probably be able to live there in 200 years.B) Scientists are rather pessimistic about it.C) Man will probably be able to live there in 100,000 years’ time.D) Scientists are optimistic about overcoming the difficulties soon.2002年1月12日六级参考答案1. C2. D3. B4. D5. C6. B7. A8. C9. A 10. C 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. D 15. B 16. A 17. A 18. D 19. D 20. B2002年6月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷1. A) Registering for courses.B) Getting directions.C) Buying a new computer.D) Studying sociology.2. A) The man will probably have to find a roommate.B) The man is unlikely to live in the suburbs.C) The man will probably have to buy a car.D) The man is unlikely to find exactly what he desires.3. A) Painting a picture.B) Hosting a program.C) Designing a studio.D) Taking a photograph.4. A) The woman doesn’t think it a problem to get her passport renewed.B) The woman has difficulty renewing her passport.C) The woman hasn’t renewed her passport yet.D) The woman’s passport is still valid.5. A) A prediction of the future of mankind.B) A new drug that may benefit mankind.C) An opportunity for a good job.D) An unsuccessful experiment.ive involvement.6. A) A lesson requires students’ actB) Students usually take an active part in a lecture.C) More knowledge is covered in a lecture.D) There is a larger group of people interested in lessons.7. A) Neither of their watches keeps good time.hours ago.B) The woman’s watch stopped 3C) The man’s watch goes too fast.D) It’s too dark for the woman to read her watch.8. A) She’s proud of being able to do many things at the same time.B) She is sure to finish all the things in a few hours.C) She dreams of becoming a millionaire someday.D) She’s been kept extremely busy.9. A) He wants his students to be on time for class.B) He doesn’t allow his students to tell jokes in class.C) He is always punctual for his class.D) He rarely notices which students are late.10. A) He is nervous about the exam.B) He is looking for a job.C) He doesn’t dare to tell lies.D) He doesn’t know how to answer the questions.Section B11. A) Because she was bored with her idle life at home.B) Because she was offered a good job by her neighbour.C) Because she wanted to help with the family’s finances.D) Because her family would like to see her more involved in social life.12. A) Doing housework.B) Looking after her neighbour’s children.C) Reading papers and watching TV.D) Taking good care of her husband.13. A) Jane got angry at Bill’s idle life.B) Bill failed to adapt to the new situation.C) Bill blamed Jane for neglecting the family.D) The children were not taken good care of.14. A) Neighbours should help each other.B) Women should have their own careers.C) Man and wife should share household duties.D) Parents should take good care of their children.Passage Two15. A) To predict natural disasters that can cause vast destruction.B) To limit the destruction that natural disasters may cause.C) To gain financial support from the United Nations.D) To propose measures to hold back natural disasters.16. A) There is still a long way to go before man can control natural disasters.B) International cooperation can minimize the destructive force of natural disasters.C) Technology can help reduce the damage natural disasters may cause.D) Scientists can successfully predict earthquakes.17. A) Because there were fatal mistakes in its design.B) Because the builde r didn’t observe the building codes of the time.C) Because the traffic load went beyond its capacity.D) Because it was built according to less strict earthquake-resistance standards.Passage Three18. A) By judging to what extent they can eliminate the risks.B) By estimating the possible loss of lives and property.C) By estimating the frequency of volcanic eruptions.D) By judging the possible risks against the likely benefits.19. A) Once of Etna’s recent eruptions made many people move away.B) Etna’s frequent eruptions have ruined most of the local farmland.C) Etna’s eruptions are frequent but usually mild.D) There are signs that Etna will erupt again in the near future.20. A) They will remain where they are.B) They will leave this area for ever.C) They will wait and see.D) They will seek shelter in nearby regions.2002年6月六级参考答案1. A2. D3. B4. C5. B6. A7. B8. D9. C 10. B 11. C 12. A 13. B 14. C 15. B 16. C 17. D 18. D 19. C 20. A2002年12月大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷1. A) It has nothing to do with the Internet.B) She needs another week to get it ready.C) It contains some valuable ideas.D) It’s far from being ready yet.2. A) The woman is strict with her employees.B) The man always has excuses for being late.C) The woman is a kind-hearted boss.D) The man’s alarm clock didn’t work that morning.3. A) The woman should try her luck in the bank nearby.B) The bank around the corner is not open today.C) The woman should use dollars instead of pounds.D) The bank near the railway station closes late.4. A) Make an appointment with Dr. Chen.B) Call again some time later.C) Wait for about three minutes.D) Try dialing the number again.5. A) He is sure they will succeed in the next test.B) He did no better than the woman in the test.C) He believes she will pass the test this time.D) He felt upset because of her failure.6. A) The woman has to attend a summer course to graduate.B) The man thinks the woman can earn the credits.C) The woman is begging the man to let her pass the exam.D) The woman is going to graduate from summer school.7. A) Fred is planning a trip to Canada.B) Fred usually flies to Canada with Jane.C) Fred persuaded Jane to change her mind.D) Fred likes the beautiful scenery along the way to Canada.8. A) Hang some pictures for decoration.B) Find room for the paintings.C) Put more coats of paint on the wall.D) Paint the walls to match the furniture.9. A) He’ll give a lecture on drawing..B) He doesn’t mind if the woman goes to the lectureC) He’d rather not go to the lecture.D) He’s going to attend the lecture.10. A) Selecting the best candidate.B) Choosing a campaign manager.C) Trying to persuade the woman to vote for him.D) Running for chairman of the student union.Section B11. A) To study the problems of local industries.B) To find ways to treat human wastes.C) To investigate the annual catch of fish in the Biramichi River.D) To conduct a study on fishing in the Biramichi River.12. A) Lack of oxygen.B) Overgrowth of water plants.C) Low water level.D) Serious pollution upstream.13. A) They’ll be closed down.B) They’re going to dismiss some of their employees.C) They’ll be moved to other places.D) They have no money to build chemical treatment plants.14. A) Because there were fewer fish in the river.B) Because over-fishing was prohibited.C) Because the local Chamber of Commerce tried preserve fishes.D) Because the local fishing cooperative decided to reduce its catch.Passage Two15. A) Oral instructions recorded on a tape.B) A brief letter sealed in an envelope.C) A written document of several pages.D) A short note to their lawyer.16. A) Refrain from going out with men for five years.B) Stop wearing any kind of fashionable clothes.C) Bury the dentist with his favorite car.D) Visit his grave regularly for five years.17. A) Because he was angry with his selfish relatives.B) Because he was just being humorous.C) Because he was not a wealthy man.D) Because he wanted to leave his body for medical purposes.Passage Three18. A) They thought it quite acceptable.B) They believed it to be a luxury.C) They took it to be a trend.D) They considered it avoidable.19. A) Critical.B) Serious.C) Sceptical.D) Casual.20. A) When people consider marriage an important part of their lives.B) When the costs of getting a divorce become unaffordable.C) When the current marriage law is modified.D) When husband and wife understand each other better.2002年12月六级参考答案1. D2. B3. D4. B5. B6. A7. C8. A9. D 10. D 11. D 12. A 13. D 14. A 15. C 16. A 17. A 18. D 19. D 20. A2003年6月21日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷1. A) Riding a horse.B) Shooting a movie.C) Playing a game.D) Taking a photo.2. A) She’ll type the letter for the man.he man to operate the computer.B) She’ll teach tC) She doesn’t think his sister is a good typist.D) She thinks the man should buy a computer.3. A) John can share the magazine with her.B) She wants to borrow John’s card.C) She’ll let John use the journal first.D) John should find another copy for himself.4. A) She promised to help the man.B) She came a long way to meet the man.C) She took the man to where he wanted to go.D) She suggested a way out of the difficulty for the man.5. A) The train seldom arrives on time.B) The schedule has been misprinted.C) The speakers arrived at the station late.D) The company has trouble printing a schedule.6. A) To find a better science journal in the library.B) Not to miss any chance to collect useful information.C) To buy the latest issue of the magazine.D) Not to subscribe to the journal.7. A) She wants to borrow the man’s student ID card.B) The tickets are less expensive than she expected.C) She won’t be able to get any discount for the ticket.D) The performance turned out to be disappointing.8. A) Do the assignments towards the end of the semester.B) Quit the history course and choose another one instead.C) Drop one course and do it next semester.D) Take courses with a lighter workload.9. A) The organization of a conference.B) The cost of renting a conference room.C) The decoration of the conference room.D) The job of cleaning up the dining-room.10. A) Meet his client.B) Prepare the dinner.C) Work at his office.D) Fix his car.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) One of the bridges between North and South London collapsed.B) The heart of London was flooded.C) An emergency exercise was conducted.D) 100 people in the suburbs were drowned.12. A) 50 underground stations were made waterproof.B) A flood wall was built.C) An alarm system was set up.D) Rescue teams were formed.13. A) Most Londoners were frightened.B) Most Londoners became rather confused.C) Most Londoners took Exercise Floodcall calmly.D) Most Londoners complained about the trouble caused by Exercise Floodcall.Passage Two14. A) It limited their supply of food.B) It made their eggshells too fragile.C) It destroyed many of their nests.D) It killed many baby bald eagles.15. A) They found ways to speed up the reproduction of bald eagles.B) They developed new types of feed for baby bald eagles.C) They explored new ways to hatch baby bald eagles.D) They brought in bald eagles from Canada.16. A) Pollution of the environment.B) A new generation of pest killers.。

2006年6月17日大学英语六级(CET-6)真题试卷(A卷)注意事项一、将自己的校名、姓名、准考证号写在答题卡上。

将本试卷代号(A、B卷)划在答题卡上。

二、试卷和答题卡均不得带出考场。

考试结束，监考员收卷后考生才可离开。

三、仔细读懂题目的说明。

四、多项选择题的答案一定要划在答题卡上，凡是写在试卷上的答案一律无效。

每题只能选一个答案：如多选。

则该题无分，选定答案后，用铅笔在相应字母的中部划一条横线。

正确方法是：A) B) C) D)。

使用其他符号答题者不给分，划线要有一定粗度，浓度要盖过字母底色。

五、如果要改动答案，必须先用橡皮擦净原来选定的答案，然后再按上面的规定重新答题。

六、试题的第四部分改错(Error Correction)和第五部分作文(Writing)印刷在答题卡上，请用黑色字迹签字笔在答题卡上作答。

七、在90分钟内做完试题的第一至第四部分，90分钟后，监考员收取试卷，然后考生再做第五部分作文题，答题时间为30分钟。

全部考试时间为120分钟，不得拖延时间。

八、在考试过程中要注意对自己的答案保密，若被他人抄袭，一经发现，后果自负。

全国大学英语四、六级考试委员会Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear 10 short conversations. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both theconversation and the question will be spoken only once. After eachquestion there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the fourchoices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer.Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single linethrough the centre.1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2. A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulb.C) Clean the dining room.D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He‟d like a piece of pie.B) He‟d like some coffee.C) He‟d rather stay in the warm room.D) He‟s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony‟s secretary.B) Paul‟s girlfriend.C) Paul‟s colleague.D) Tony‟s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist‟s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doesn‟t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn‟t agree with the woman‟s remark.C) He thinks Jenny‟s workload too heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear some questions. Both the passage and the questions will bespoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the bestanswer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark thecorresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Social work.B) Medical care.C) Applied physics.D) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents‟ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped.Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children‟s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage ThreeQuestions 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choicesmarked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and markthe corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through thecentre.Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies, Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what‟s wrong with a society that presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment.Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals. The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies... point overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression”, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read …aggressive‟ or …non-aggressive‟ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate step would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Something has gone wrong with today‟s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para. 3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para. 5) to refer to those who________.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging________.A) the source and amount of their dataB) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurementD) their definition of violence25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between themedia and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.You‟re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top $2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can‟s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors canbuy drugs at reasonable prices, why can‟t we? Even to whisper that thought provokes anger. “Un-American!” And-the propagandists‟trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Supersize drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up.Common sense tells you that‟s a false alternative. The reward for finding, say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one‟s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry‟s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should our health-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can‟t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today‟s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies (药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we‟ll find, But I haven‟t heard of any raging epidemics among the hundreds of thousands of people buying crossborder.Most users of prescription drugs don‟t worry about costs a lot. They‟re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay. The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who‟ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans can‟t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can‟t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaringdrug prices by ________.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. What should be the priority of America‟s health-care system according to theauthor?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To maintain America‟s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age—in some cases as low as 55—is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one‟s need but by the date on one‟s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses—as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet, millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly”and “needy”are synonymous (同义的). Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, But most of them aren‟t.It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense, directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between thegenerations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits, which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don‟t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can‟t take care of themselves and need special treatment；and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31. We learn from the first paragraph that ________.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society inreturn.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made tosociety.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged, need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Securitysystem.33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will ________.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the young.D) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions.35. Which of the following best summarizes the author‟s main argument?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for $500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century.The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellow citizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights. But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans‟ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks regardless of class. Structural racism‟s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of America‟s history. Onethird of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family‟s net wealth was $16,400, less than one fifth that of white families. Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions. During the 1990-91 recession, African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of ________.A) crime against humanityB) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in GeorgiaD) racial segregation in America37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is ________.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites ________.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks‟ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouched.C) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks‟ civil rights.Part III Vocabulary (20 minutes)Directions: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there are four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the AnswerSheet with a single line through the centre.41. Because of the ________ of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at homeand abroad.A) originalityB) subjectivityC) generalityD) ambiguity42. With its own parliament and currency and a common ________ for peace, theEuropean Union declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.A) inspirationB) assimilationC) intuitionD) aspiration43. America has now adopted more ________ European-style inspection systems, andthe incidence of food poisoning is falling.A) discreteB) solemnC) rigorousD) autonomous44. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ________ spurto efficiency and innovation.A) extravagantB) exquisiteC) intermittentD) indispensable45. In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many ofthe technological wonders that are ________ today.A) transientB) commonplaceC) implicitD) elementary46. I was so ________ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket forthe first time.A) immersedB) assaultedC) thrilledD) dedicated47. His arm was ________ from the shark‟s mouth and reattached, but the boy, whonearly died, remained in a delicate condition.A) retrievedB) retainedC) repelledD) restored48. Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ________ to be the GreatestAmerican.A) appointedB) appeasedC) nicknamedD) dominated49. The ________ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will helpdecrease the crime rate.A) overflowingB) overwhelmingC) prevalentD) premium50. We will also see a ________ increase in the number of televisions per household, assmall TV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.A) startlingB) surpassingC) suppressingD) stacking51. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ________ values andideas, including our idea of what constitutes “home”.A) enrichedB) enlightenedC) cherishedD) chartered52. Researchers have discovered that ________ with animals in an active way maylower a person‟s blood pressure.A) interactingB) integratingC) migratingD) merging53. The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 1960s, traveled worldwide formany years, ________ cultural barriers.A) transportingB) transplantingC) transferringD) transcending54. In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ________ him of muchof his sight.A) relievedB) jeopardizedC) deprivedD) eliminated55. Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bonesbecome denser and less ________ to injury.A) attachedB) proneC) immuneD) reconciled56. He has ________ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entirepersonal collection of modern art.A) ascribedB) attributedC) designatedD) donated57. Erik‟s website contains ________ photographs and hundreds of articles and shortvideos from his trip around the globe.A) prosperousB) gorgeousC) spaciousD) simultaneous58. Optimism is a ________ shown to be associated with good physical health, lessdepression and longer life.A) trailB) traitC) traceD) track59. The institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students makea successful ________ into college life.A) transformationB) transmissionC) transitionD) transaction60. Philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which________ the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.A) distortB) reinforceC) exertD) scramble61. The term “glass ceiling” was first used by the Wall Street Journal to describe theapparent barriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ________.A) seniorityB) superiorityC) heightD) hierarchy62. Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, includingobserving lights in the sky and ________ animal behavior.A) abnormalB) exoticC) absurdD) erroneous63. Around 80 percent of the ________ characteristics of most white Britons have beenpassed down from a few thousand Ice Age hunters.A) intelligibleB) randomC) spontaneousD) genetic64. Picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ________ of a newattitude towards modern art.A) informativeB) indicativeC) exclusiveD) expressive65. The country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years or morewith little ________ from the outside world.A) disturbanceB) discriminationC) irritationD) irregularity66. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and________.A) stabilityB) capabilityC) durabilityD) availability67. Back in the days when people traveled by horse and carriage, Karl Benz ________the world with his extraordinary three-wheeled motor vehicle.A) inhibitedB) extinguishedC) quenchedD) stunned。

洛基英语，中国在线英语教育领导品牌Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes) Section A Directions: Directions: In In In this this this section, section, section, you you you will will will hear hear hear 10 10 10 short short short conversations. conversations. conversations. At At At the the the end end end of of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. Both the conversation and and the the the question question question will will will be be be spoken spoken spoken only only only once. once. once. After After After each each each question question question there there there will will will be be be a a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choices marked A), B), C) and D), and decide decide which which which is is is the the the best best best answer. answer. answer. Then Then Then mark mark mark the the the corresponding corresponding corresponding letter letter letter on on on the the Answer Sheet with a single line through the center. Example: You will hear: You will read: A) 2 hours. B) 3 hours. C) 4 hours. D) 5 hours. From the conversation we know that the two were talking about some work they will start at 9 o ’clock in the morning and have to finish at 2 in the afternoon. Therefore, D) “5 hours ” is the correct answer. You should choose [D] on the Answer Sheet and mark it with a single line through the center. Sample Answer [A] [B] [C] [D] 1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago. B) She can help with the orientation program. C) She is not sure she can pass on the message. D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas. 2. A) Set the dinner table. B) Change the light bulb C) Clean the dining room. D) Hold the ladder for him. 3. A) He ’d like a piece of pie. B) He ’d like some coffee C) He ’d rather stay in the warm room. D) He ’s just had dinner with his friends. 4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars. B) He is contented with his current position. C) He might get fired. D) He has lost his job. 5. A) Tony ’s secretary. B) Paul ’s girlfriend. C) Paul ’s colleague. D) Tony ’s wife. 6. A) He was fined for running a red light. B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane. C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket. D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection. 7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes. B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs. C) He finds reward more effective than punishment. D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills. 8. A) At a bookstore. B) At the dentist ’s. C) In a restaurant. D) In the library. 9. A) He doesn ’t want Jenny to get into trouble. B) He doesn ’t agree with the woman ’s remark. C) He thinks Jenny ’s workload too heavy at college. D) He believes most college students are running wild. 10. A) It was applaudable. B) It was just terrible. C) The actors were enthusiastic. D) The plot was funny enough. Section B Directions: Directions: In In In this this this section, section, section, you you you will will will hear hear hear 3 3 3 short short short passages. passages. passages. At At At the the the end end end of of of each each passage, you will hear hear some some some questions. questions. questions. Both Both Both the the the passage passage passage and and and the the the questions questions questions will will will be be be spoken spoken spoken only only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked marked A), A), A), B), B), B), C) C) C) and and and D). D). D). Then Then Then mark mark mark the the the corresponding corresponding corresponding letter letter letter on on on the the the Answer Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard. 11. A) Social work. B) Medical care C) Applied physics D) Special education. 12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives. B) The two-year professional training she received. C) Her determination to fulfill her dream. D) Her parents’consistent moral support. 13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals. B) To help the disabled children there. C) To train therapists for the children there. D) To set up an institution for the handicapped. Passage Two Questions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard. 14. A) At a country school in Mexico. B) In a mountain valley of Spain. C) At a small American college. D) In a small village in Chile. 15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons. B) By financing their elementary education. C) By setting up a small primary school. D) By setting them an inspiring example. 16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers. B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums. C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman. D) She made outstanding contributions to children’s education. 17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature. B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize. C) She translated her books into many languages. D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs. Passage Three Question 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard. 18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild. B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings. C) How animals protect themselves against predators. D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively. 19. A) Its enormous size. B) Its plant-like appearance. C) Its instantaneous response. D) Its offensive smell. 20. A) It helps improve their safety. B) It allows them to swim faster. C) It helps them fight their predators. D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns. Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes) Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A),B),C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet with a single line through the centre. Passage One Questions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage. There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies. Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask ask what what ’s s wrong wrong wrong with with with a a a society society society that that that presents presents presents videos videos videos of of of domestic domestic domestic violence violence violence as as entertainment. Most researchers researchers agree agree agree that that that the the the causes causes causes of of of real-world real-world real-world violence violence violence are are are complex. complex. complex. A A A 1993 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors ” as all playing their parts. Viewing Viewing abnormally abnormally abnormally large large large amounts amounts amounts of of of violent violent violent television television television and and and video video video games games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals. The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including the American American Medical Medical Medical Association Association Association tried tried tried to to to end end end the the the debate debate debate by by by issuing issuing issuing a a a joint joint statement: “At this time, time, well well well over over over 1,000 1,000 1,000 studies studies … point point overwhelmingly overwhelmingly overwhelmingly to to to a a a causal causal causal connection connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, Freedman, a a a social social social psychologist psychologist psychologist at at at the the the University University University of of of Toronto, Toronto, reviewed reviewed the the literature, he found only only 200 200 200 or or or so so so studies studies studies of of of television-watching television-watching television-watching and and and aggression. aggression. aggression. And And And when when when he he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggression ”, only 28% supported a connection. The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause cause aggression. aggression. aggression. But But But the the the assumptions assumptions assumptions behind behind behind their their their observations observations observations need need need to to to be be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read ‘aggressive ’or ‘non-aggressive’words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction. Another appropriate ster would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is, of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matter has now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society. 21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games? A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today. B) Something has gone wrong with today’s society. C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed. D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining. 22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para.3) view of media violence? A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life. B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers. C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence. D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated. 23. The author uses the term “alarmists”(Line 1. Para.5) to refer to those who ______. A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violence B) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on reality C) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behavior D) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior 24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging____. A) the source and amount of their data B) the targets of their observation C) their system of measurement D) their definition of violence 25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence? A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn. B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled. C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading. D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists. Passage Two Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage. Y ou ’re re in in in trouble trouble trouble if if if you you you have have have to to to buy buy buy your your your own own own brand-name brand-name brand-name prescription prescription drugs. Over the past decade, decade, prices prices prices leaped leaped leaped by by by more more more than than than double double double the the the inflation inflation inflation rate. rate. rate. Treatments Treatments Treatments for for chronic conditions can easily top ＄2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can ’s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less. The The Canadian Canadian Canadian option option option is is is fast fast fast becoming becoming becoming a a a political political political wake-up wake-up wake-up call, call, “If If our our neighbors can buy drugs drugs at at at reasonable reasonable reasonable prices, prices, prices, why why why can can ’t t we?we?” Even Even to to to whisper whisper whisper that that that thought thought provokes anger. “Un-American!” And-the propagandists ’ trump trump card (card (王牌王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Super-size Super-size drug drug drug prices, prices, prices, they they they claim, claim, claim, fund fund fund the the the research research research that that that sparks sparks sparks the the next generation of wonder wonder drugs. drugs. drugs. No No No sky-high sky-high sky-high drug drug drug price price price today, today, today, no no no cure cure cure for for for cancer cancer cancer tomorrow. tomorrow. tomorrow. So So shut up and pay up. Common sense tells you that ’s a false alternative. The reward for finding. Say, a cancer cure is so huge huge that that that no no no one one ’s s going going going to to to hang hang hang it it it up. up. up. Nevertheless, Nevertheless, Nevertheless, if if if Canada-level Canada-level Canada-level pricing pricing came to the United States, States, the the the industry industry ’s s profit profit profit margins margins margins would would would drop drop drop and and and the the the pace pace pace of of of new-drug new-drug development would slow. slow. Here Here Here lies lies lies the the the American American American dilemma. dilemma. dilemma. Who Who Who is is is all all all this this this splendid splendid splendid medicine medicine medicine for? for? Should our health-care health-care system system system continue continue continue its its its drive drive drive toward toward toward the the the best best best of of of the the the best, best, best, even even even though though rising numbers of patients can ’t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today ’s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course. To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies(药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare. Meanwhile, Meanwhile, the the the administration administration administration is is is playing playing playing the the the fear fear fear card. card. card. Officials Officials Officials from from from the the Food and Drug Administration Administration will will will argue argue argue that that that Canadian Canadian Canadian drugs drugs drugs might might might be be be fake, fake, fake, mishandled, mishandled, mishandled, or or even a potential threat to life. Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we ’ll find, But I haven ’t t heard heard heard of of of any any any raging raging raging epidemics epidemics epidemics among among among the the the hundreds hundreds hundreds of of of thousands thousands thousands of of people buying cross-border. Most users of prescription drugs don ’s worry about costs a lot. They ’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay. The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group group will still include middle-income seniors on will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who ’ll have have to to to dig dig dig deeply deeply deeply into into into their their their pockets pockets pockets before before before getting getting getting much much much from from from the the the new new new drug drug benefit that starts in 2006. 26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.? A) A quarter of Americans can ’t afford their prescription drugs. B) Many Americans can ’t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill. C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment. D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years. 27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaring drug prices by _____. A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs online B) extending medical insurance to all its citizens C) importing low-price prescription drugs from Canada D) exercising price control on brand-name drugs 28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy? A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America. B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs. C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers. D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases. 29. What should be the priority of America ’s health-care system according to the author? A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system. B) To maintain America ’s lead in the drug industry. C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits. D) To quicken the pace of new drug development. 30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits? A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes. B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research. C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies. D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs. Passage Three Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage. Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age-in some cases as low as 55-is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one ’s need but by the date on one ’s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses-as businesses-as common common common as as as color color color televisions televisions televisions in in in motel motel motel rooms rooms rooms and and and free free free coffee coffee coffee on on airliners. People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them ；yet ，millions millions of of of Americans Americans Americans above above above age age age 60 60 60 are are are healthy healthy healthy and and and solvent solvent solvent ((有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts discounts to to to college students college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. Americans. The The The practice practice practice is is is acceptable acceptable acceptable because because because of of of the the the widespread widespread widespread belief belief belief that that “elderly ” and “needy ”are synonymous (同义的). Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and many older Americans are poor, But most of them aren ’t. It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts discounts on on on individual individual individual companies. companies. companies. For For For many many many firms, firms, firms, they they they are are are a a a stimulus stimulus stimulus to to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense. Directly Directly or or or indirectly, indirectly, indirectly, of of of younger younger younger Americans. Americans. Americans. Moreover, Moreover, Moreover, they they they are are are a a a direct direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations. Generational Generational tensions tensions tensions are are are being being being fueled fueled fueled by by by continuing continuing continuing debate debate debate over over over Social Social Security benefits ，which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore sore point, point, point, Buoyed Buoyed Buoyed ((支持) ) by by by laws laws laws and and and court court court decisions, decisions, decisions, more more more and and and more more more older older Americans are declining the retirement d inner in dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers. Far Far from from from a a a kind kind kind of of of charity charity charity they they they once once once were, were, were, senior senior senior citizen citizen citizen discounts discounts discounts have have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don ’t need them. It It no no no longer longer longer makes makes makes sense sense sense to to to treat treat treat the the the elderly elderly elderly as as as a a a single single single group group group whose whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can ’t take care of themselves and need special treatment ； and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age age groups. groups. groups. Senior Senior Senior citizen citizen citizen discounts discounts discounts are are are the the the essence essence essence of of of the the the very very very thing thing thing older older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age. 31. We learn from the first paragraph that____. A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practice B) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent life C) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderly D) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount 32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts? A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return. B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society. C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged ，need humane help from society. D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system. 33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will___. A) make old people even more dependent on society B) intensify conflicts between the young and the old C) have adverse financial impact on business companies D) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues 34. How does the author view the Social Security system? A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time. B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people. C) It benefits the old at the expense of the young D) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions 35. Which of the following best summarizes the author ’s main argument? A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination. B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted. C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens. D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination. Passage Four Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage. In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for ＄500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.” But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century. The The fundamental fundamental fundamental problem problem problem of of of American American American democracy democracy democracy in in in the the the 21st 21st 21st century century century is is is the the problem of “structural racism ” the deep patterns of socio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellow citizens? This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy. The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights, but but gave gave gave no no no meaningful meaningful meaningful compensation compensation compensation for for for two two two centuries centuries centuries of of of unpaid unpaid unpaid labor. labor. labor. The The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的). The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights . But these successes paradoxically paradoxically obscure obscure obscure the the the tremendous tremendous tremendous human human human costs costs costs of of of historically historically historically accumulated accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans ’ lives. The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance insurance companies companies companies and and and banks, banks, banks, profited profited profited from from from slavery. slavery. slavery. This This This pattern pattern pattern of of of white white privilege and black inequality continues today. Demanding Demanding reparations reparations reparations ((赔偿) ) is is is not not not just just just about about about compensation compensation compensation for for for slavery slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racial deficits ” of of all all all kinds, kinds, kinds, the the the unequal unequal unequal conditions conditions conditions that that that impact impact impact blacks blacks blacks regardless regardless regardless of of class. Structural racism ’s s barriers barriers barriers include include “equity equity inequity.inequity.” the the absence absence absence of of of black black black capital capital formation that is a direct consequence consequence of of of America America ’s s history. history. history. One One One third third third of of of all all all black black black households households households actually actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family ’s net wealth was ＄16,400, less than one fifth that of white families. Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites. Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions. During the 1990-91 recession. African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 42 percent percent percent of of of employees employees employees who who who lost lost lost their their their jobs jobs jobs were were were blacks. blacks. blacks. At At At Sears, Sears, Sears, 54 54 54 percent percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically statistically less less less likely likely likely than than than whites whites whites to to to be be be referred referred referred for for for kidney kidney kidney transplants transplants transplants or or early-stage cancer surgery. 36. 36. To To the the author, author, author, the the the auction auction auction of of of his his his great-grandfather great-grandfather great-grandfather is is is a a a typical typical typical example example of____. A) crime against humanity B) unfair business transaction C) racial conflicts in Georgia D) racial segregation in America 37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is____. A) widespread use of racist stereotypes B) prejudice against minority groups C) deep-rooted socio-economic inequality D) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks 38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions? A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured. B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor. C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights. D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law. 39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites____. A) has resulted from business successes over the years B) has been accompanied by black capital formation C) has derived from sizable investments in education D) has been accumulated from generations of slavery 40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination? A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks ’ employment. B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouched 。

2006年6月英语六级真题Part I Listening Comprehension (20 minutes)1. A) She met with Thomas just a few days ago.B) She can help with the orientation program.C) She is not sure she can pass on the message.D) She will certainly try to contact Thomas.2. A) Set the dinner table.B) Change the light bulbC) Clean the dining room D) Hold the ladder for him.3. A) He‟d like a piece of pie. B) He‟d like some coffee C) He‟d rather stay in the warm room.D) He‟s just had dinner with his friends.4. A) He has managed to sell a number of cars.B) He is contented with his current position.C) He might get fired.D) He has lost his job.5. A) Tony‟s secretary.B) Paul‟s girlfriend.C) Paul’s colleague.D) Tony’s wife.6. A) He was fined for running a red light.B) He was caught speeding on a fast lane.C) He had to run quickly to get the ticket.D) He made a wrong turn at the intersection.7. A) He has learned a lot from his own mistakes.B) He is quite experienced in taming wild dogs.C) He finds reward more effective than punishment.D) He thinks it important to master basic training skills.8. A) At a bookstore.B) At the dentist‟s.C) In a restaurant.D) In the library.9. A) He doesn‟t want Jenny to get into trouble.B) He doesn‟t agree with the woman‟s remark.C) He thinks Jenny‟s workl oad too heavy at college.D) He believes most college students are running wild.10. A) It was applaudable.B) It was just terrible.C) The actors were enthusiastic.D) The plot was funny enough.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear 3 short passages.Passage OneQuestions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.11. A) Social work.B) Medical careC) Applied physicsD) Special education.12. A) The timely advice from her friends and relatives.B) The two-year professional training she received.C) Her determination to fulfill her dream.D) Her parents‟ consistent moral support.13. A) To get the funding for the hospitals.B) To help the disabled children there.C) To train therapists for the children there.D) To set up an institution for the handicapped. Passage TwoQuestions 14 to 17 are based on the passage you have just heard.14. A) At a country school in Mexico.B) In a mountain valley of Spain.C) At a small American college.D) In a small village in Chile.15. A) By expanding their minds and horizons.B) By financing their elementary education.C) By setting up a small primary school.D) By setting them an inspiring example.16. A) She wrote poetry that broke through national barriers.B) She was a talented designer of original school curriculums.C) She proved herself to be an active and capable stateswoman.D) She made outstanding contributions to children‟s education.17. A) She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.B) She was the first woman to win a Nobel Prize.C) She translated her books into many languages.D) She advised many statesmen on international affairs.Passage ThreeQuestion 18 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.18. A) How animals survive harsh conditions in the wild.B) How animals alter colors to match their surroundings.C) How animals protect themselves against predators.D) How animals learn to disguise themselves effectively.19. A) Its enormous size.B) Its plant-like appearance.C) Its instantaneous response.D) Its offensive smell.20. A) It helps improve their safety.B) It allows them to swim faster.C) It helps them fight their predators.D) It allows them to avoid twists and turns.Part II Reading Comprehension (35 minutes)Directions: There are 4 passages in this part. Passage OneQuestions 21 to 25 are based on the following passage.There are good reasons to be troubled by the violence that spreads throughout the media. Movies. Television and video games are full of gunplay and bloodshed, and one might reasonably ask what‟s wrong with a society th at presents videos of domestic violence as entertainment. Most researchers agree that the causes of real-world violence are complex. A 1993 study by the U.S. National Academy of Sciences listed “biological, individual, family, peer, school, and community factors” as all playing their parts.Viewing abnormally large amounts of violent television and video games may well contribute to violent behavior in certain individuals.The trouble comes when researchers downplay uncertainties in their studies or overstate the case for causality (因果关系). Skeptics were dismayed several years ago when a group of societies including theAmerican Medical Association tried to end the debate by issuing a joint statement: “At this time, well over 1,000 studies… poin t overwhelmingly to a causal connection between media violence and aggressive behavior in some children.”Freedom-of-speech advocates accused the societies of catering to politicians, and even disputed the number of studies (most were review articles and essays, they said). When Jonathan Freedman, a social psychologist at the University of Toronto, reviewed the literature, he found only 200 or so studies of television-watching and aggression. And when he weeded out “the most doubtful measures of aggr ession”, only 28% supported a connection.The critical point here is causality. The alarmists say they have proved that violent media cause aggression. But the assumptions behind their observations need to be examined. When labeling games as violent or non-violent, should a hero eating a ghost really be counted as a violent event? And when experimenters record the time it takes game players to read …aggressive‟ or …non-aggressive‟ words from a list, can we be sure what they are actually measuring? The intent of the new Harvard Center on Media and Child Health to collect and standardize studies of media violence in order to compare their methodologies, assumptions and conclusions is an important step in the right direction.Another appropriate ster would be to tone down the criticism until we know more. Several researchers write, speak and testify quite a lot on the threat posed by violence in the media. That is,of course, their privilege. But when doing so, they often come out with statements that the matterhas now been settled, drawing criticism from colleagues. In response, the alarmists accuse critics and news reporters of being deceived by the entertainment industry. Such clashes help neither science nor society.21. Why is there so much violence shown in movies, TV and video games?A) There is a lot of violence in the real world today.B) Something has gone wrong with today‟s society.C) Many people are fond of gunplay and bloodshed.D) Showing violence is thought to be entertaining.22. What is the skeptics (Line 3. Para.3) view of media violence?A) Violence on television is a fairly accurate reflection of real-world life.B) Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.C) A causal relationship exists between media and real-world violence.D) The influence of media violence on children has been underestimated.23. The author uses the term “alarmists” (Line 1. Para.5) to refer to those who ______.A) use standardized measurements in the studies of media violenceB) initiated the debate over the influence of violent media on realityC) assert a direct link between violent media and aggressive behaviorD) use appropriate methodology in examining aggressive behavior24. In refuting the alarmists, the author advances his argument by first challenging____.A) the source and amount of their dataB) the targets of their observationC) their system of measurementD) their definition of violence25. What does the author think of the debate concerning the relationship between the media and violence?A) More studies should be conducted before conclusions are drawn.B) It should come to an end since the matter has now been settled.C) The past studies in this field have proved to be misleading.D) He more than agrees with the views held by the alarmists.Passage TwoQuestions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage.You’re in trouble if you have to buy your own brand-name prescription drugs. Over the past decade, prices leaped by more than double the inflation rate. Treatments for chronic conditions can easily top ＄2,000 a month-no wonder that one in four Americans can’s afford to fill their prescriptions. The solution? A hearty chorus of “O Canada.” North of the border, where price controls reign, those same brand-name drugs cost 50% to 80% less.The Canadian option is fast becoming a political wake-up call, “If our neighbors can buy drugs at reasonable prices, why can‟t we?” Even to whisper that thought provokes anger.“Un-American!”And-the propagandists’trump card (王牌)—“Wreck our brilliant health-care system.” Super-size drug prices, they claim, fund the research that sparks the next generation of wonder drugs. No sky-high drug price today, no cure for cancer tomorrow. So shut up and pay up. Common sense tells you that‟s a false alternative. The reward for finding. Say, a cancer cure is so huge that no one‟s going to hang it up. Nevertheless, if Canada-level pricing came to the United States, the industry‟s profit margins would drop and the pace of new-drug development would slow. Here lies the American dilemma. Who is all this splendid medicine for? Should ourhealth-care system continue its drive toward the best of the best, even though rising numbers of patients can‟t afford it? Or should we direct our wealth toward letting everyone in on today‟s level of care? Measured by saved lives, the latter is almost certainly the better course.To defend their profits, the drug companies have warned Canadian wholesalers and pharmacies(药房) not to sell to Americans by mail, and are cutting back supplies to those who dare.Meanwhile, the administration is playing the fear card. Officials from the Food and Drug Administration will argue that Canadian drugs might be fake, mishandled, or even a potential threat to life.Do bad drugs fly around the Internet? Sure-and the more we look, the more we’ll find, But I haven‟t heard of any raging epid emics among the hundreds of thousands of people buyingcross-border.Most users of prescription drugs don’s worry about costs a lot.They’re sheltered by employee insurance, owing just a $20 co-pay.The financial blows rain, instead, on the uninsured, especially the chronically ill who need expensive drugs to live, This group will still include middle-income seniors on Medicare, who‟ll have to dig deeply into their pockets before getting much from the new drug benefit that starts in 2006.26. What is said about the consequence of the rocketing drug prices in the U.S.?A) A quarter of Americans can‟t afford their prescription drugs.B) Many Americans can‟t afford to see a doctor when they fall ill.C) Many Americans have to go to Canada to get medical treatment.D) The inflation rate has been more than doubled over the years.27. It can be inferred that America can follow the Canadian model and curb its soaring drug prices by _____.A) encouraging people to buy prescription drugs onlineB) extending medical insurance to all its citizensC) importing low-price prescription drugs from CanadaD) exercising price control on brand-name drugs28. How do propagandists argue for the U.S. drug pricing policy?A) Low prices will affect the quality of medicines in America.B) High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.C) Low prices will bring about the anger of drug manufacturers.D) High-price drugs are indispensable in curing chronic diseases.29. What should be the priority of America‟s hea lth-care system according to the author?A) To resolve the dilemma in the health-care system.B) To maintain America‟s lead in the drug industry.C) To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.D) To quicken the pace of new drug development.30. What are American drug companies doing to protect their high profits?A) Labeling drugs bought from Canada as being fakes.B) Threatening to cut back funding for new drug research.C) Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.D) Attributing the raging epidemics to the ineffectiveness of Canadian drugs.Passage ThreeQuestions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage.Age has its privileges in America. And one of the more prominent of them is the senior citizen discount. Anyone who has reached a certain age-in some cases as low as 55-is automatically entitled to a dazzling array of price reductions at nearly every level of commercial life. Eligibility is determined not by one‟s need but by the date on one‟s birth certificate. Practically unheard of a generation ago, the discounts have become a routine part of many businesses-as common as color televisions in motel rooms and free coffee on airliners.People with gray hair often are given the discounts without even asking for them；yet，millions of Americans above age 60 are healthy and solvent (有支付能力的). Businesses that would never dare offer discounts to college students or anyone under 30 freely offer them to older Americans. The practice is acceptable because of the widespread belief that “elderly” and “needy” are synonymous (同义的).Perhaps that once was true, but today elderly Americans as a group have a lower poverty rate than the rest of the population. To be sure, there is economic diversity within the elderly, and manyolder Americans are poor, But most of them aren‟t. It is impossible to determine the impact of the discounts on individual companies. For many firms, they are a stimulus to revenue. But in other cases the discounts are given at the expense.Directly or indirectly, of younger Americans. Moreover, they are a direct irritant in what some politicians and scholars see as a coming conflict between the generations.Generational tensions are being fueled by continuing debate over Social Security benefits，which mostly involves a transfer of resources from the young to the old. Employment is another sore point, Buoyed (支持) by laws and court decisions, more and more older Americans are declining the retirement dinner in favor of staying on the job-thereby lessening employment and promotion opportunities for younger workers.Far from a kind of charity they once were, senior citizen discounts have become a formidable economic privilege to a group with millions of members who don‟t need them.It no longer makes sense to treat the elderly as a single group whose economic needs deserve priority over those of others. Senior citizen discounts only enhance the myth that older people can’t take care of themselves and need special treatment；and they threaten the creation of a new myth, that the elderly are ungrateful and taking for themselves at the expense of children and other age groups. Senior citizen discounts are the essence of the very thing older Americans are fighting against-discrimination by age.31. We learn from the first paragraph that____.A) offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practiceB) senior citizen discounts have enabled many old people to live a decent lifeC) giving senior citizens discounts has boosted the market for the elderlyD) senior citizens have to show their birth certificates to get a discount32. What assumption lies behind the practice of senior citizen discounts?A) Businesses, having made a lot of profits, should do something for society in return.B) Old people are entitled to special treatment for the contribution they made to society.C) The elderly, being financially underprivileged，need humane help from society.D) Senior citizen discounts can make up for the inadequacy of the Social Security system.33. According to some politicians and scholars, senior citizen discounts will___.A) make old people even more dependent on societyB) intensify conflicts between the young and the oldC) have adverse financial impact on business companiesD) bring a marked increase in the companies revenues34. How does the author view the Social Security system?A) It encourages elderly people to retire in time.B) It opens up broad career prospects for young people.C) It benefits the old at the expense of the youngD) It should be reinforced by laws and court decisions35. Which of the following best summarizes the author‟s main argument?A) Senior citizens should fight hard against age discrimination.B) The elderly are selfish and taking senior discounts for granted.C) Priority should be given to the economic needs of senior citizens.D) Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age discrimination.Passage FourQuestions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.In 1854 my great-grandfather, Morris Marable, was sold on an auction block in Georgia for ＄500. For his white slave master, the sale was just “business as usual.”But to Morris Marable and his heirs, slavery was a crime against our humanity. This pattern of human rights violations against enslaved African-Americans continued under racial segregation for nearly another century. The fundamental problem of American democracy in the 21st century is the problem of “structural racism” the deep patterns of s ocio-economic inequality and accumulated disadvantage that are coded by race, and constantly justified in public speeches by both racist stereotypes and white indifference. Do Americans have the capacity and vision to remove these structural barriers that deny democratic rights and opportunities to millions of their fellowcitizens?This country has previously witnessed two great struggles to achieve a truly multicultural democracy.The First Reconstruction (1865-1877) ended slavery and briefly gave black men voting rights,but gave no meaningful compensation for two centuries of unpaid labor. The promise of “40 acres and a mule (骡子)”was for most blacks a dream deferred (尚未实现的).The Second Reconstruction (1954-1968), or the modern civil rights movement, ended legal segregation in public accommodations and gave blacks voting rights . But these successes paradoxically obscure the tremendous human costs of historically accumulated disadvantage that remain central to black Americans‟ lives.The disproportionate wealth that most whites enjoy today was first constructed from centuries of unpaid black labor. Many white institutions, including some leading universities, insurance companies and banks, profited from slavery. This pattern of white privilege and black inequality continues today.Demanding reparations (赔偿) is not just about compensation for slavery and segregation. It is, more important, an educational campaign to highlight the contemporary reality of “racialdeficits” of all kinds, the unequal conditions that impact blacks reg ardless of class. Structural racism‟s barriers include “equity inequity.” the absence of black capital formation that is a direct consequence of America‟s history. One third of all black households actually have negative net wealth. In 1998 the typical black family’s net wealth was ＄16,400, less than one fifth that of white families.Black families are denied home loans at twice the rate of whites.Blacks remain the last hired and first fired during recessions.During the 1990-91 recession. African-Americans suffered disproportionately. At Coca-Cola, 42 percent of employees who lost their jobs were blacks. At Sears, 54 percent were black, Blacks have significantly shorter life spans, in part due to racism in the health establishment. Blacks are statistically less likely than whites to be referred for kidney transplants or early-stage cancer surgery.36. To the author, the auction of his great-grandfather is a typical example of____.A) crime against humanityB) unfair business transactionC) racial conflicts in GeorgiaD) racial segregation in America37. The barrier to democracy in 21st century America is____.A) widespread use of racist stereotypesB) prejudice against minority groupsC) deep-rooted socio-economic inequalityD) denial of legal rights to ordinary blacks38. What problem remains unsolved in the two Reconstructions?A) Differences between races are deliberately obscured.B) The blacks are not compensated for their unpaid labor.C) There is no guarantee for blacks to exercise their rights.D) The interests of blacks are not protected by law.39. It is clear that the wealth enjoyed by most whites____.A) has resulted from business successes over the yearsB) has been accompanied by black capital formationC) has derived from sizable investments in educationD) has been accumulated from generations of slavery40. What does the author think of the current situation regarding racial discrimination?A) Racism is not a major obstacle to blacks‟ employment.B) Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouchedC) A major step has been taken towards reparations.D) Little has been done to ensure blacks‟ civil rights.Part III V ocabulary (20 minutes)Direction: There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence thereare four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Choose the ONE answer that bestcompletes the sentence. Then mark the corresponding letter on the Answer Sheet witha single line through the centre.41. Because of the of its ideas, the book was in wide circulation both at home andabroad.A)originality B) subjectivityC) generality D) ambiguity42. With its own parliament and currency and a common ___ for peace, the EuropeanUnion declared itself—in 11 official languages—open for business.A) inspiration B) assimilation C) intuition D) aspiration43. America has now adopted more _________ European-style inspection systems, and the incidence of food poisoning is falling.A) discrete B) solemn C) rigorous D) autonomous44. Mainstream pro-market economists all agree that competition is an ___ spur toefficiency and innovation.A) extravagant B) exquisiteC) intermittent D) indispensable45. In the late 19th century, Jules Verne, the master of science fiction, foresaw many of the technological wonders that are ___ today.A) transient B) commonplaceC) implicit D) elementary46. I was so ___ when I used the automatic checkout lane in the supermarket for the firsttime.A) immersed B) assaultedC) thrilled D) dedicated47. His arm was ___ from the shark‟s mouth and re attached, but the boy, who alreadydied, remained in a delicate condition.A)retrieved B) retainedC) repelled D) restored48. Bill Gates and Walt Disney are two people America has ___ to be the Greatest American.A) appointed B) appeasedC) nicknamed D) dominated49. The ___ majority of citizens tend to believe that the death penalty will help decreasethe crime rate.A) overflowing B) overwhelmingC) prevalent D) premium50. We will also see a ___ increase in the number of televisions per household, as smallTV displays are added to clocks, coffee makers and smoke detectors.A) startling B) surpassingC) suppressing D) stacking51. The advance of globalization is challenging some of our most ___ values and ideas, including our idea of what constit utes “home”.A) enriched B) enlightenedC) cherished D) chartered52. Researchers have discovered that ___ with animals in an active way may lower aperson‟s blood pressure.A) interacting B) integratingC) migrating D) merging53. The Beatles, the most famous British band of the 196.s, traveled worldwide for many years, _________ cultural barriers.A) transporting B) transplantingC) transferring D) transcending54. In his last years, Henry suffered from a disease that slowly ___ him of much of hissight.A) relieved B) jeopardizedC) deprived D) eliminated55. Weight lifting, or any other sport that builds up your muscles, can make bones become denser and less ___ to injury.A) attached B) proneC) immune D) reconciled56. He has ___ to museums hundreds of his paintings as well as his entire personalcollection of modern art.A) ascribed B) attributedC) designated D) donated57. Erik‟s website contains ___ photographs and hundreds of articles and short videosfrom his trip around the globe.A) prosperous B) gorgeousC) spacious D) simultaneous58. Optimism is a ___ shown to be associated with good physical health, less depressionand longer life.A) trail B) trait C) trace D) track59. The institution has a highly effective program which helps first-year students make a successful ___ into college life.A) transformation B) transmissionC) transition D) transaction60. Philosophers believe that desire, hatred and envy are “negative emotions” which ___the mind and lead it into a pursuit of power and possessions.A) distort B) reinforceC) exert D) scramble61. The term “glass ceiling” was first used by the Wall Street Journal to describe the apparent barriers that prevent women from reaching the top of the corporate ___.A) seniority B) superiority C) height D) hierarchy62. Various efforts have been made over the centuries to predict earthquakes, including observing lights in the sky and ___ animal behavior.A) abnormal B) exotic C) absurd D) erroneous63. Around 80 percent of the ___ characteristics of most white Britons have beenpassed down from a few thousand Ice Age hunters.A) intelligible B) randomC) spontaneous D) genetic64. Picasso gained popularity in the mid-20th century, which was ___ of a new attitude towards modern art.A) informative B) indicative C) exclusive D) expressive65. The country was an island that enjoyed civilized living for a thousand years or more with little ___ from the outside world.A) disturbance B) discrimination C) irritation D) irregularity66. Fashion designers are rarely concerned with vital things like warmth, comfort and ________ .A) stability B) capability C) durability D) availability67. Back in the days when people traveled by horse and carriage, Karl Benz ___ theworld with his extraordinary three-wheeled motor vehicle.A) inhibited B) extinguished C) quenched D) stunned68. If we continue to ignore the issue of global warming, We will almost certainly suffer the_________ effects of climatic changes worldwide.A) dubious B) drastic C) trivial D) toxic69. According to the theory of evolution, all living species are the modified ___ of earlier species.A) descendants B) dependants C) defendants D) developments70. The panda is an endangered species, which means that it is very likely to become ___ without adequate protection.A) intact B) insane C) extinct D) exempt。

2006年6月17日大学英语六级A卷答案（恩波版）听力1．C She is not sure she can pass on the message.2．D Hold the ladder for him3．B He’d like some coffee4．C He might get fired5．D Tony’s wife6．A He was fined for running a red light7．C He finds reward more effective than punishment8．B At the dentist’s9．B He doesn’t agree with the woman’s remark10．A It was applaudable.11．B. Medical care12．C. Her determination to fulfill her dream.13．B. To help disabled children there.14．D. In a small village in Chile.15．A. By expanding their minds and horizons.16．D. She made outstanding contributions to Children’s education. 17．A She won the 1945 Nobel Prize in Literature.18．C. How animals protect themselves against predators.19．B. Its plant-like appearance.20．A. It helps improve their safety.阅读21 D Showing violence is thought to be entertaining22 B Most studies exaggerate the effect of media violence on the viewers.23 C assert a direct line between violent media and aggressive behavior.24 D their definition of violence25 A More studies should be conducted before conclusinons are drawn.26 A A quarter of Americans can’t afford their prescription drubs.27 D exercising price control on brand-name drugs.28 B High prices are essential to funding research on new drugs.29 C To allow the vast majority to enjoy its benefits.30 C Reducing supplies to uncooperative Canadian pharmacies.31 A offering senior citizens discounts has become routine commercial practice32 C The elderly,being financially underprivileged,need human help from society.33 B intensify conflicts between the young and the old34 C It benefits the old at the expense of the young.35 D Senior citizen discounts may well be a type of age36 A crime against humanity37 C deep-rooted socio-economic inequality38 B The blacksare not compensated for their unpaid labor39 D has been accumulated from generations of slavery40 B Inequality of many kinds remains virtually untouched.词汇41．A originality42．D aspiration43．C rigorous44．D indispensable45．B commonplace46．C thrilled47．A retrieved48．D nominated49．B overwhelming50．A startling51．C cherished52．A interacting53．D transcending54．C deprived55．B prone56．D donated57．B gorgeous58．B trait59．C transition60．A distort61．D hierarchy62．A abnormal63．D genetic64．B indicative65．A disturbance66．C durability67．D stunned68．B drastic69．A descendants70．C extinct改错S1 master →masteringS2 that →whatS3 in an effect→去掉anS4 lazy→lazinessS5 which →thatS6 affecting →affectedS7 at same time →same前加theS8 year →yearsS9 relative →relatively S10 with →without。