on public speaking听力原文

publicspeaking公共演讲第一篇：public speaking 公共演讲The hardworking blacksmith used to work all day in his shop and he was so hard-working that at times he would make the sparks fly from his hammer.The son of Mr.Smith, a rich neighbor, used to come to see the blacksmith every day.And for hours and hours he would enjoy watching how the man worked.“Young man, why don't you try to learn to make shoe tacks, even if it is only to pass the time?” The blacksmith asked, “One day, it may help you.”The lazy boy began to see what he could do.But after a little practice, he found that he was becoming very skilled and soon he could make some of the finest tacks.Old Mr.Smith died and the son lost all his goods because of the war.He had to leave home and was forced to take up residence in anothercountry.It happened in this village, there were numerous shoemakers.They were spending a lot of money to buy tacks for their shoes.Although they paid high prices, they were not always able to get what they wanted, because in that part of the country there was a high demand for soldier shoes.Our young Mr.Smith, who was finding it difficult to earn his daily bread, remembered that once upon a time he had learned the art of making tacks.He had the sudden idea of making a bargain with the shoemakers.He told them that he would make the tacks if they would help to get him settled in his own workshop.The shoemakers were only too glad of the offer.And after a while, Mr.Smith found that he was soon making the finest tacks in the village.“How funny it seems,” he used to say, “Even making tacks can bring a fortune.My trade is more useful to me than all my former riches.”If the young Smith refused to learn to make tacks, this tiring skill when he was rich, how can he keep alive while he lost everything?A small decision may change your life.第二篇：公共演讲Hello teacher, my topic today is about reading style, between paper books and computer.Some say “we are in the age of the internet, reading paper books don’t seem as important as it was once.” I don’t agree with the sentence.In my opinion internet and paper books are just like tea and coffee.They are similar with each other.Though, more and more people like to use the internet nowadays, its make things easier.Just like this, I want to prepare my public-speaking-examination;I can open my computer searc h for “public speaking articles” I will get millions of articles at one second.Then I can choose whichever one I like to use.If I want to prepare it in the library, all the books come out and I have to choose one I like, it needs a lot of time.Maybe you ca n say at this moment, “Oh, Internet is better, books are no use.” So I have to use Internet.But let's see things in another way.I love traveling a lot.I have much time spend on a bus or plane.I always bring a book with me, I can reading my books when I was having my trip on a bus or on a plane.Actually, whenever it is, wherever you go, whatever you are doing, you can take out a book and read if you feel like doing so.Now who will bother to take a computer and switch it on, search for the Internet, connect, and looking for stories to read.Nobody will do that.Also, when you read a book, you can see every word of it, you can read it slowly, and you can read and think with the development of the story.When you focus on a computer, we tend to read very fast and just know the frame, no details left.Ican’t answer which reading style is better, just like what I have said, it is a question about coffee and tea.Different people have different choice.I just want to remind everyone of this”don’t forget paper books” it i s still very important nowadays, which should have its own position.After all, paper books have a much longer history than the computer;the internet is just like a baby when facing paper books.If you want to search something quick just like news, lists, common senses and so on.The computer can be the best choice, if you just want to read a book and want to have a deep understanding of it, please get a paper book, find a good place, sit down, and read slowly.I am sure you will start a wonderful trip.That’s a ll, thank you!第三篇：公共关系学演讲老师，同学大家好。

public speaking 英语范文Public speaking, often referred to as the art of engaging audiences, is an integral skill that is highly valued in today's world. It is not just about delivering a speech; it's about captivating your listeners, inspiring them, and leaving a lasting impression. In this article, we delve into the nuances of public speaking and explore how one can master this skill to become an effective communicator.The foundation of any good speech lies in its preparation. Proper planning and research are crucial to ensure that your speech is informative, engaging, and relevant to your audience. Start by defining your purpose for speaking and identify the key messages you want to convey. Then, gather relevant information and examples to support your arguments and make your speech more credible. Once you have a clear outline of your speech, it's time to focus on its delivery. The tone, pace, and volume of your voice play a crucial role in keeping your audience engaged. Speak confidently and maintain a friendly tone to establish a connection with your listeners. Use appropriatepauses and variations in pace to keep your speech interesting and dynamic.Body language is another essential aspect of public speaking. Your posture, facial expressions, and eye contact all contribute to creating a powerful presence. Stand tall with your shoulders back and make sure to maintain eye contact with different parts of the audience throughout your speech. Smile and nod occasionally to show that you are engaged and connected with them.Interactive elements can also enhance the engagement of your speech. Ask questions, invite audience participation, or use examples and anecdotes to make your points more relatable. This not only keeps your listeners engaged but also helps you gauge their understanding and feedback.However, even the best-prepared speeches can go off track if you don't handle unexpected situations gracefully. Be prepared to deal with interruptions, technical issues, or challenging questions from the audience. Maintain your composure, stay calm, and use your wit and improvisation skills to turn these situations into opportunities to engage your audience further.In conclusion, public speaking is a skill that requires continuous practice and refinement. By investing time in preparation, developing your delivery skills, and mastering the art of engagement, you can become an effective communicator who can captivate audiences and leave alasting impact. Remember, public speaking is not just about speaking; it's about connecting with your listeners and taking them along on your journey of ideas and insights.**公共演讲：吸引听众的艺术**公共演讲，常被称为吸引听众的艺术，是当今世界备受推崇的重要技能。

on public speaking听力答案第二节（共15小题，每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项。

听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。

每段对话或独白读两遍。

听第6段材料，回答第6、7题。

6.How long did James run his business？A.10 years.B.13years.C.15 years.7.How does the woman feel about James' situation？A. Embarrassed.B. Concerned.C. Disappointed.听第7段材料，回答第8至10题。

8.What has Kate's mother decided to do？A. Return to school.B. Change her job.C. Retire from work.9.What did Kate's mother study at college？A. Oil painting.B. Art history.C. Business administration.10.What is Kate's attitude toward her mother's decision?A. Disapproving.B. Ambiguous.C. Understanding.听第8段材料，回答第11至13题。

11.What is the man doing？A. Chairing a meeting.B. Hosting a radio program.C. Conducting a job interview.12.What benefits Mary most in her job？A. Her wide reading.B. Her leaders' guidance.C. Her friends' help13.Who will Mary talk about next？A. Her teacher.B. Her fatherC. Her mother.听第9段材料，回答第14至17题。

英语六级听力真题原文英语六级听力真题原文大学英语六级考试是由国家统一出题的'，统一收费，统一组织考试，用来评定应试人英语能力的全国性的考试，每年各举行两次。

以下是店铺精心准备的英语六级听力真题原文，大家可以参考以下内容哦！Section A11.W: Did you use credit cards on your vacation last month in Europe?M: Sure I did. They certainly beat going around with a wallet full of big bills. But carrying lots of cash is still very common among some older people traveling abroad.Q: What does the man say about some elderly people?12.W: Rod must be in a bad mood today. What’s wrong with him?M: He was passed over in the selection process for the dean of the admissions office. He’d been hoping for the position for a long time.Q: What does the man mean?13.M: What a great singer Justin is! His concert is just awesome. And you’ll never regret the money you paid for the ticket.W: Yeah. Judging by the amount of the applause, everyone was enjoying it.Q: What does the woman mean?14.W: I received an email yesterday from Henry. Do youremember? He was one of the chairpersons of our students union.M: Yes, but I haven’t heard from him for ages. Actually I’ve been out of touch with him since our first reunion after graduation.Q: What do we learn about the speakers?15.M: Driving at night always makes me tired. Let’s stop for dinner.W: Fine. And let’s find a motel, so that we can get an early start tomorrow.Q: What will the speakers probably do?16.W: Let’s look at the survey on consumer confidence we conducted last week. How reliable are these figures?M: They have a 5% margin of errorQ: What are the speakers talking about?17.W: Look at this catalogue, John. I think I want to get this red blouse.M: Err, I think you’ve already one like this in blue. Do you need every color in the rainbow?Q: What does the man mean?18.W: This notice says that all the introductory marketing classes are closed.M: That can’t be true. There’s supposed to be 13 of them this semester.Q: What does the man mean?Conversation OneM: I see on your resume that you worked as a manager of astore called “Computer Country”. Could you tell me a little more about your responsibilities there?W: Sure. I was responsible for overseeing about 30 employees. I did all of the ordering for the store, and I kept track of the inventory.M: What was the most difficult part of your job?W: Probably handling angry customers. We didn’t have them very often, but when we did, I needed to make sure they were well taken care of. After all, the customer is always right.M: That’s how we feel here too.How long did you work there?W: I was there for three and a half years. I left the company last month.M: And why did you leave?W: My husband has been transferred to Boston. And I understand your company has an opening there too.M: Yes, that’s right. We do. But the position won’t start until early next month. Would that be a problem for you?W: No, not at all. My husband’s new job doesn’t begin for a few weeks. So we thought we would spend some time driving to Boston and stop to see my parents.M: That sounds nice. So tell me, why are you interested in this particular position?W: I know that your company has a great reputation, and a wonderful product. I’ve thought many times that I would like to be a part of it. When I heard about the opening in Boston, I jumped to the opportunity.M: Well I’m glad you did.19. What was the woman’s previous job?20. What does the woman say was the most difficult part ofher job?21. Why is the woman looking for a job in Boston?22. When can the woman start to work if she gets the job?Conversation TwoW: Today in the studio we have Alberto Cortez, the well-known Brazilian advocate of the anti-global movement. He’s here to talk about the recent report, stating that by 2050 Brazil will be the one ot the word’s wealthiest an d most successful countries. Alberto, what do you say to the report?M: You know this isn’t the first time that people are saying Brazil will be a great economic power. The same thing was said over a hundred year ago. But it didn’t happen.W: Yes, but you must admit the world’s a very different place now.M: Of course. In fact I believe there’s maybe some truth in the prediction this time around. First of all, though, we must remember the problems facing Brazil at the moment.W: Such as…?M: There’s an enor mous gap between the rich and the poor in this country. In Sal Paulo, you can see shopping malls full of designer goods right next door to the slam areas without proper water and electricity supplies. A lot of work needs to be done to help people in those areas improve their lives.W: What needs to be done?M: Education, for example. For Brazil to be successful, we need to offer education to all Brazilians. Successful countries like South Korea and Singapore have excellent education systems. Brazil needs to learn from these countries.W: So you are hopeful for the future.M: As I said earlier, I’m hopeful. This isn’t an easy job. Weneed to make sure that these important opportunities for Brazil aren’t wasted, as they were in the past.23. What does the recent report say about Brazil?24. What problem does Alberto say Brazil faces now?25. What does Alberto say about economically successful countries?Section BPassage OneWilma Subra had no intention of becoming a public speaker. After graduating from college with degrees in chemistry and microbiology, she went to work at Gulf South Research Institute in Louisiana. As part of her job, she conducted field research on toxic substances in the environment, often in minority communities located near large industrial polluters. She found many families were being exposed high, sometimes deadly, levels of chemicals and other toxic substances, but she was not allowed to make her information public.Frustrated by these restrictions, Subra left her job in 1981, created her own company, and has devoted the past two decades to helping people fight back against giant industrial polluters. She works with families and community groups to conduct environmental tests, interpret test results, and organize for change. Because of her efforts, dozens of toxic sites across the country have been cleaned up, and one chemical industry spokesperson calls her “a top gun for the environmental movement.”How has Wilma Subra achieved all this? Partly through her scientific training, partly through her commitment to environmental justice. But just as important is her ability to communicate with people through public speaking. “Publicspeaking,” she says, “is the primary vehicle I use for reaching people.”If you had asked Subra before 1981, “Do you see yourself as a major public speaker?” She would have laughed at the idea. Yet today she gives more than 100 presentations a year. Along the way she has lectured at Harvard, testified before Congress, and addressed audiences in 40 states, as well as in Mexico, Canada, and Japan.26. What did Wilma Subra do as part of her job while working at Gulf South Research Institute?27. What did Wilma Subra leave her job in 1981?28. What results have Wilma Subra’s efforts had in the part two decades?29. What does the speaker say has contributed to Wilma Subra’s success?Passage 2One of the biggest challenges facing employers and educators today is the rapid advance of globalization. The market place is no longer national or regional, but extends to all corners of the world. And this requires a global ready workforce. Universities have a large part to play in preparing students for the 21st century labor market by promoting international educational experiences. The most obvious way universities can help develop global workforce is by encouraging students to study abroad as part of their course. Students who have experienced another culture first hand are more likely to be global ready when they graduate.Global workforce development doesn’t always have to involve travel abroad however. If students learn another language and study other cultures, they will be more global ready whenthey graduate. It is important to point out that students also need to have a deep understanding of their own culture before they can begin to observe, analyze and evaluate other cultures. In multi-cultural societies, people can study each other’s cultures, to develop intercultural competencies, such as critical and reflective thinking, and intellectual flexibility. This can be done both through the curriculum and through activities on campus, outside of the classroom, such as art exhibitions, and lectures from international experts. Many universities are already embracing this challenge, and providing opportunities for students to become global citizens. Students themselves, however, may not realize that when they graduate, they will be competing in a global labor market, and universities need to raise awareness of these issues amongst undergraduates.Questions 30-32Q30: What is one of the biggest challenges facing employers and educators today?Q31: What should students do first before they can really understand other cultures?Q32: What should college students realize according to the speaker?Passage 3To see if hair color affects a person’s chances of getting a job, researchers at California State University asked 136 college students to review the resume and photograph of a female applicant for a job as an accountant. Each student was given the same resume. But the applicant’s picture was altered, so that in some photos her hair was golden, in some red and in some brown. The result? With brown hair, the woman was rated more capable, and she was offered a higher salary than when she hadgolden or red hair. Other studies have found similar results. Many respondents rate women with golden hair with less intelligent than other people, and red heads as more temperamental. Women with red or golden hair are victims of the common practice of stereotyping.A stereotype is a simplistic or exaggerated image that humans carrying in their minds about groups of people. For example, lawyers are shrewd and dishonest is a popular stereotype. Stereotyping can occur in public speaking classes. When trying to choose a speech topic, some males think that women are uninterested in how to repair cars, while some females think that men are uninterested in creative hobbies, such as knitting and needle point. We should reject stereotypes, because they force all people in a group into the same simple pattern. They fail to account for individual differences, and the wide range of characteristics among members of any group. Some lawyers are dishonest, yes! But many are not. Some women are uninterested in repairing cars, yes! But some are enthusiastic mechanics.Questions 33-35Q33: What did researchers at California State University find?Q34: What is the popular stereotype of lawyers?Q35: Why does the speaker say we should reject stereotypes?Section CThe ancient Greeks developed basic memory systems called mnemonics. The name is derived from their Goddess of memory "Mnemosyne". In the ancient world, a trained memory was an immense asset, particularly in public life. There were no convenient devices for taking notes, and early Greek orators delivered long speeches with great accuracy because theylearned the speeches using mnemonic systems.The Greeks discovered that human memory is largely an associative process that it works by linking things together. For example, think of an apple. The instant your brain registers the word "apple", it recalls the shape, color, taste, smell and texture of that fruit. All these things are associated in your memory with the word "apple". This means that any thought about a certain subject will often bring up more memories that are related to it. An example could be when you think about a lecture you have had. This could trigger a memory about what you're talking about through that lecture, which can then trigger another memory. Associations do not have to be logical. They just have to make a good link. An example given on a website I was looking at follows, "Do you remember the shape of Austria? Canada? Belgium? Or Germany? Probably not. What about Italy though? If you remember the shape of Italy, it is because you have been told at some time that Italy is shaped like a boot. You made an association with something already known, the shape of a boot. And Italy shape could not be forgotten once you had made the association."。

on public speaking听力答案Peter wants to share the renting accommodation with Jim.答案回忆：填空1-101. Rent for Jim’s room: $80(Peter’s room is larger, so the rent could go for $110. Jim is satisfied with the current room at $80 for the previous one is smaller and more expensive.)2. One can park the car in the garage(The bus station is far, but it is lucky that we have a garage nearby)3. Telephone is in the kitchen(Jim asked why the telephone was not in the living room. Peter said it is in the kitchen because the bedroom is noisy.)4. Jim works in the supermarket twice a week(Jim works in the supermarket, so Peter thought it was convenient to buy production.)5. Jim needs to bring a heater6. Peter wants Jim to bring a toaster 面包机(There was a Microwave oven taken away by someone, and Peter wants Jim to bring a toaster.)7. Peter wants to take ride for Jim, sharing petrol(想两人上课顺路，分担汽油费)8. Date to move in: 1st June(They choose this day because they can watch games together.)9. Date to watch games: on Friday evening(Jim and Peter watch games together on Friday evening, and they are both the fans.)10. Jim would move in after his exam(Jim will move in after his exam.)（答案仅供参考）SECTION TWO场景：小学公开日活动题型：填空7题、地图匹配3题内容回忆：A representative of a school in Stanford introduces this JUNIOR SCHOOL for parents on the open day.答案回忆:填空11-1711. Student attends class at 8.55 am every day.(There are three traps: 8.40, 8.45, 9.00.)12. How long is it for the break every day: 15 minutes(2 break time, one in the morning, the other in the afternoon)13. During lunch time, cafeteria provide a hot meal for lunch.14. Students are asked to make a special poster.15. There is a test, which is a monthly exam.16. When the class finishes in the afternoon students need to take part in sports17. They can also join in different kinds of clubs地图匹配18-20（大致内部结构图见上）18. Head Office --- 答案选E (there are many receptions, but this school wants to have face to face conversation individually.)19. Music Room --- 答案选A20. Gym --- 答案选F 听力文本分析如下：Enter from the main entrance, then anti-clockwise introduce every part, on the right hand side is Head Office, top right corner are 2 classes and one library, on the left are 2 blanks, they are Music Room and Gym,respectively…(其实这个部分听力原文中有很多陷阱，都是先说本来应该是什么设施，但是现在改成了什么设施。

on public speaking 听力原文听力原文：In public speaking, the watch word is preparation. Most of us tend to put things o代 at least occasionally. It's so easy to put things off especially those things we do not look forward to doing. So if the speaking engagement is several weeks off we may feel that we still have plenty of time. But as the day draws closer; we begin to panic. Don't let this happen to you. Start preparing as soon as you're given or accept the speaking assignment. You have much to do and to do it right will take time. How much better your speech will be and how much better you'll feel if you have taken the time to do it right! When you are prepared, you have gathered the needed data, determi ned what is appropriate to the listeners understanding and acceptance levels, organized the ideas so they flow logically, selected examples and other supports for your ideas and made them interesting to your listeners, developed a great opening that you know will capture the attention of even the daydreamers in your audienee checked out the room where youll be speaking and requested any feasible changes you wish in the set-up of the room If you are prepared, you are confide nt that you can best convey your message to your listeners. If you waited until a few days before your presentation to begin to prepare, or worse,yet, the day before, no doubt you'll be anxious and with good reason. And now there is not enough time to engage in more than a superficial attempt. Both you and the audienee will feel uncomfortable, like retirement planning. It is never too early to start preparing for your prese ntation. So, start pre pari ng right away.(33)A • Confidence.B • Preparation.C • Informativeness.D • Select appropriate materials.(34)A • Gather abundant data.B • Organize the ideas logically.C • Develop a great opening.D • Select appropriate materials.(35)A • Uneasy.B • Uncertain.C • Frustrated.D • Depressed.(36)A • Those interested in the power of persuasion.B • Those trying to improve their public images.C • Those planning to take up some public work.D • Those eager to become effective speakers.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear a passage three times. When the passage is read for the first time, you should listen carefully for its general idea. When the passage is read for the second time, you are required to fill in the blanks numbered from 36 to 43 with the exact words you have just heard. For blanks numbered from 44 to 46 you are required to fill in the missing information. For these blanks, you can either use the exact words you have just heard or write down the Exceptional children are different in some significant way from others of the same age. For these children to develop their full adult (36) __________ z their education must be (37) _________________________________ t o those d iff ere nces. Although we focus on the needs of excepti onal children, we find ourselves (38) _______ their environment as well.Both the family and the society in which exceptional children live are often the key to their growth and development And it is in the public schools that we find the full (39) ________________________ of society's understanding—the knowledge, hopes, and fears that are (40) ________________ on to the next gen eration. Education inany society is a mirror of that society. In that mirror we can see the strengths, the weaknesses, the hopes, the (41) ______________ z and the central values of the culture itself. The great interest in exceptional children shown in public education over the past three decades (42) ____________ the strong feeling in our society thatall citizens, whatever their special conditions, (43) ___________ the opportunity to fully develop their capabilities. "All men are created equal.11 We've heard it many times, but it still has important meaning for education in a democratic society. (44)________________ .That con cept implies educational opport unity for all children—(45) ____________ . Recent court decisions have con firmed the right of all children to an appropriate educati on, (46) ____________ • In response, schools are modifying their programs, adapti ng instruction to children who are exceptional, to those who cannot profit substantially from regular programs.。

公众面前演讲英语作文英文回答：Public speaking is a form of communication thatinvolves delivering a speech to a live audience. It can be used for various purposes, such as informing, persuading,or entertaining. Public speaking is an essential skill for anyone who wants to be successful in business, politics, or any other field that requires the ability to communicate effectively.There are many different types of public speaking, including speeches that are given at conferences, workshops, rallies, and other events. There are also different stylesof public speaking, such as formal speeches, which are typically delivered from a written script, and informal speeches, which are delivered in a more conversational style.Regardless of the type or style of speech, there aresome general tips that can help you become a more effective public speaker. These tips include:Know your audience. Understanding your audience will help you tailor your speech to their interests and needs.Practice your speech. The more you practice, the more confident you will be when you deliver your speech.Use visual aids. Visual aids can help you engage your audience and make your speech more memorable.Be enthusiastic. Your enthusiasm for your topic will be contagious and will help your audience stay engaged.Be confident. Confidence is key to effective public speaking. If you believe in yourself, your audience will believe in you too.Public speaking can be a daunting task, but it is askill that can be learned and mastered with practice. By following these tips, you can become a more effectivepublic speaker and communicate your message with confidence.中文回答：公众演讲。

2023年6月大学英语六级考试听力原文(第2套)Conversation One.Have you decided what you wish to study?Yes, professor. I wish to study architecture.Ah, that's a wonderful profession. Why did you choose it?I gave a lot of thought to things you said during our last discussion. And I decided architecture made the most sense for me.In particular, I'm attracted to the marriage of design and engineering. That's great, but I seem to remember you were preoccupied with all the lofty mathematics.You no longer think this aspect will be too hard for you?No. I was doing some online research and I think I should be able to manage. Math might be the toughest subject I encounter in the curriculum, but I'll simply put in the work required.I'm certain the fruits of my labor will pay off.I'm sure that's true. Due to its material nature, architecture is one field where you will be able to clearly witness the contribution you make to a city.And the legacies you build will last much longer than any of us mortals. Yeah, I guess that's true too. So what subjects do you think I should start brushing up on in preparation? I have the whole summer.These days, architecture is a very diverse and dynamic degree.Most universities will encourage you to learn different things from fields as wide-ranging as philosophy and economics.Nevertheless, I would suggest you start with computer science, because there will be many intricate visuals you will have to produce as part of your projects.Any software in particular you think I should start with?Photoshop is a good place. If you aren't yet, try to become as proficient as you can with it.And another thing that I would recommend you learn as much as you can is fine arts, in particular, the history of Western art.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 1: Why does the woman wish to study architecture?Question 2: How does the woman say she will overcome the difficulty in learning mathematics?Question 3:What does the man say about architects' contribution to a city? Question 4: What subject does the man suggest the woman start with?Conversation Two.So, as I mentioned over the phone, we are looking for someone who is very discreet. I can't stress this enough.I fully understand.As we all know, being such a famous football player at Real Madrid, Mr Sanchez has a very high public profile.This means he cannot leave the house without being recognized and harassed.Yes, I completely understand how imperative it would be to respect Mr Sanchez's private life.Good. As his personal assistant, you would be required to run common everyday chores for Mr Sanchez, things he cannot do himself due to his fame, like going to the supermarket or post office.So, well, at first sight it may appear that working for a celebrity is very glamorous. Nothing could be further from the truth.I'm telling you this so that you don't get any false expectations of what the job has to offer you.Thanks. I understand this too. This is my first job after graduating from university.So frankly, I don't have much prior working experience.I am, however, very excited about the prospect of joining this company and very keen to start from the bottom in whatever capacity I may be of use.That's good to hear. You sound very energetic. Tell me why do you think you are well suited for this job?Well, firstly, I love football. I'm a lifelong Real Madrid supporter and go to their games every weekend I can.I would simply love to have a job where I'm involved in some capacity with Real Madrid, regardless of the position and salary.And secondly, I think what this company does in sports consultancy is very cool.And I think my language skills could prove very useful down the road. Please tell me more about your language skills.I am fully fluent in English and Spanish and have a working proficiency in French.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard. Question 5: What do we learn from the conversation about Mr Sanchez? Question 6: What will the man do if he gets the job?Question 7: What does the man say about himself?Question 8: Why does the man think he is a very competitive candidate?Passage One.Adventure sports are undeniably attractive to many energetic andthrill-seeking kids.Sports like rock climbing, surfing, skiing, and mountain biking, thus have lots of appeal.They don't have many of the rules and pressures of traditional team sports, but they still have all the benefits of outdoor physical activity.When properly supervised, extreme sports can be a part of a healthy, balanced life.Some adventure sports may be associated with higher risks of injury, so it's important for kids to figure out when to take risks, and when not to.Risk-free activities deprive kids of the opportunity to test themselves and overcome their fears.But, to some, these very risks are what makes these sports a bad choice. They say that extreme sports can often lead to devastating injuries, especially as young thrill seekers may attempt feats that are too advanced for them.But let's be real. Most kids do all kinds of dangerous stuff whether you want them to or not.Adventure sports have many of the same risks and dangers.But, they have an additional sense of adventure, courage and autonomy that is important to foster in young children.As always, it's up to parents to decide what's best for their kids. But, if you do decide that adventure sports are a bit too much, do try to introduce other forms of outdoor adventures into their lives. Camping under the stars, fishing, stargazing, or even just playing in the woods can help a lot in building the same sense of self-confidence and risk-taking as in adventure sports.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard. Question 9: Why do extreme sports appeal to many kids?Question 10: What does the speaker say about risk-free activities? Question 11: What shall parents do if they decide adventure sports are a bit too much for their kids?Passage Two.The shiny gadgets of today will be waste tomorrow.Manufacturers don't talk much about this when they announce the big new thing that will replace your mostly just as good old thing.In fact, technology firms often purposely design devices that will not last long and cannot be repaired so that consumers will have to spend their money on a new one.This year, the French government began requiring tech manufacturers to list a repairability score.If a device can be repaired, then its life can be extended, saving consumers money and the planet the burden of so many trashed gadgets. Equipped with this knowledge, consumers can make better choices about which products to buy.Some 59 million tons of old TVs, computers, screens, smartphones, washers and other electronics are discarded every year.This waste is dangerous. Batteries explode in recycling facilities.Toxic substances like mercury leak into soil and groundwater and disperse in the air.Manufacturing flat screens adds greenhouse gases to the atmosphere. We need tech companies to take the lead to solve this problem.If they won't, governments must make them do so.Although tech companies will often speak of environmental sustainability, many lobby against repair legislation, fearful it will eat into their profits.Sustainability matters, but marketable design appears to matter more to these companies.Consumers should support right-to-repair legislation.In this world, damage is a certainty.But we cannot leave things broken: A problem of our creation is a problem that can be fixed.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard. Question 12: Why did new tech products soon become waste?Question 13:What did the French government require tech companies to do to help consumers make better choices?Question 14: What should tech companies do to help ensure environmental sustainability?Question 15: What does the speaker think of the problem of waste?Recording One.On average, U.S. workers spend about 10% of their workday surfing the internet, emailing friends or shopping online.This behavior, called cyberloafing, is believed to cost employers up to $85 billion a year in lost productivity.The majority of cyberloafing research focuses on ways to prevent employees from engaging in this behavior through interventions such as internet monitoring and computer use policies.But it turns out, such behaviors may not be a sign that a worker is lazy or just wasting time.Social media use at work has been linked to higher levels of employee engagement and job satisfaction.New research suggests cyberloafing can help workers cope with an exceptionally stressful work environment.But is cyberloafing actually effective at reducing employee stress levels?That's the question my research team wanted to answer in our new study. Our hypothesis was that cyberloafing may serve as a mini-break, giving employees an opportunity to recover from stressful work situations. To test this, we asked workers to complete an online survey and rank how much time they spent cyberloafing, checking non-work emails and shopping. We also asked them to rank job satisfaction, their desire to quit, andhow often they've experienced mistreatment at work, such as being bullied, threatened or yelled at.As you might expect, we found that overall, more mistreatment at work was correlated with lower levels of job satisfaction and a greater desire to quit.More interestingly, we found that cyberloafing effectively buffered this connection.That is, mistreated workers who spent more time surfing the web and checking emails reported higher job satisfaction and were less likely to want to quit than similar participants who didn't cyberloaf as much. This suggests that cyberloafing acts as a sort of relief valve for workers, helping them recover from stressful experiences.While we did not directly assess how cyberloafing affects worker performance, we believe by relieving stress it may not only reduce worker turnover, but also ultimately bolster productivity.This fits with other recent research that suggests taking short breaks is associated with higher levels of daily job performance.That isn't to say cyberloafing is always good.Too much time spent on non-work activities likely causes performance to suffer.All in all, managers should be more lenient with employees.We believe a bit of online shopping or surfing the internet at work could make workers more productive in the long run.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard. Question 16: What does most cyberloafing research focus on?Question 17: What was the hypothesis of the speaker's research team? Question 18: On what point do the results of the speaker's study agree with other recent research?Recording Two.When Julius Morton moved to Nebraska City in 1854, he faced a problem shared by many settlers in the territory: It was a treeless plain. That meant no trees for building materials, or for fuel.But Morton was one of the world's first conservationists, stating, "For prosperity, we ought to plant as many forests as we have exhausted and consumed".So he started planting trees, beginning with his own land.By 1860 Morton possessed a forest of more than 300 trees.A few years later, he had more than 1,000.As the forest grew, so did Morton's influence in Nebraska.This was largely because Morton founded the Nebraska City News, the state's first newspaper, in which he frequently wrote editorials about the practical and aesthetic benefits of tree planting.He also organized the Nebraska State Gardening Society and served on theNebraska State Board of Agriculture.While serving on the Board, Morton came up with an idea to spread his belief in tree planting statewide.On January 4, 1872, Morton drafted a resolution that April 10 be designated day for the planting of trees in the State of Nebraska and urged people to go out and plant trees themselves.Morton called the special event Arbor Day as "arbor" is Latin for "tree". The state government agreed.And on April 10, 1872, the first unofficial Arbor Day was celebrated throughout Nebraska.Prizes were awarded to counties, cities, and individuals who planted the largest number of trees.That day, an astounding one million trees were planted in Nebraska—an average of more than six for every man, woman and child in the state. Since 1885, Nebraska has planted more than 700,000 acres of trees, earning it the nickname "the Tree Planters State".Arbor Day became a legal, civic holiday in the state in 1885.It was held on April 22—Julius Morton's birthday.In addition to a parade in Nebraska City, Morton introduced what has since become a long-standing Arbor Day tradition: Schoolchildren went outside and planted trees together.In 1970, nearly a century after Arbor Day was first celebrated, President Richard Nixon declared the last Friday of every April to be observed as National Arbor Day.All 50 states recognize the April observance, although many hold an additional state Arbor Day in a month more suited to local tree planting. Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard. Question 19: What does the speaker say about Nebraska City in 1854 when Julius Morton moved there?Question 20: What did Julius Morton do that increased his influence in Nebraska City?Question 21: What does the speaker say happened on April 10, 1872?Recording Three.Modern humans arose in Africa about 200,000 years ago.They then spread across Europe and Asia sometime after 60,000 years ago. This is the "Out of Africa" model, as it's commonly known.In the 1990s, the hypothesis found widespread acceptance.But this popular idea is in need of revision, particularly given the number of important findings across Asia over the past few decades.For instance, many new human fossils found, particularly in China, are now dated as older than 60,000 years.This calls into question the idea that modern humans migrated out of Africa only 60,000 years ago.Take the recent discovery of two modern human teeth found in the Luna cave in China's Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region.When my research team and I dated these teeth, we found they were more than 70,000 years old—a situation clearly impossible if modern humans moved out of Africa only 60,000 years ago.So with such findings, what happened exactly?Where does the most current data suggest we came from?The first question we should ask is why did modern humans leave Africa to begin with?If a population is perfectly adapted to a particular environment and has access to an abundance of resources, then there really is no reason to move or change.For instance, some monkeys in Africa have a set of teeth that has hardly changed over the course of millions of years, indicating that they found a place that has worked for them.So what happened with humans?Some researchers have suggested that population density increased to the point where smaller human groups were forced to explore new lands. Other researchers have suggested that due to major environmental events in East Africa, humans were prompted to find greener pastures.Yet another explanation could simply be that early modern human hunters were following the large animals that they relied on, and so they moved out of Africa without realizing that they were actually moving from one continent to another.Humans need daily access to reliable fresh water, which appears to be absent from many coastal areas.This brings us to another question: by which route did modern humans move out of Africa?No clear routes across the Mediterranean from North Africa appear to be present, so the earlier dispersals out of Africa and into Europe and Asia might have been across the Arabian Peninsula.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard. Question 22: What do we learn about modern humans according to the hypothesis commonly accepted in the 1990s?Question 23: What has called into question the "Out of Africa" model? Question 24: What does the speaker want to show with the example of some monkeys in Africa?Question 25:What question does the speaker raise close to the end of the talk?。

2004年1月全国大学英语四级考试听力原文整理表姓名:职业工种:申请级别:受理机构:填报日期:2004年1月全国大学英语四级考试——听力原文Part I Listening Comprehension1.M: I like the color this shirt, do you have a larger size?W: This is the largest in this color, other colors coming all sizes.Q: What dose the woman imply?2.M: Look, the view is fantastic, could you take a picture for me with the lake in the background?W: I am afraid I just ran out of film.Q: What do we learn from the conversation?3.M: The food in this restaurant is horrible. If only we got to ray's school dining home.W: But the food isn't everything. It isn't nice just to get away from old movie?Q. What can we learn from the conversation?4.W: Can I help you sir?M: Yes, can you show me the way to gate nine for flight 910 to Hong Kong? I am quite confused here.Q: What does the man mean?5.W: My headache is killing me. I thought it was gong away. But now it is getting worse and worseM: I told you yesterday to make an appointment.Q: what does the man mean?6.W: can you give a hand, Mike? I want to move a few heavy items to the car.M: I'd like to but I am already five minutes late for my appointment with Mr. Jason, and the office is on the other side of the campus.Q: what would the man most probably do?7.M: I think you'd better find another partner. I love table tennis but I don't think I am improving.W: I'm poor, it's still too early to quit, nobody is expected to be a superstar. Just keep going and you get the high of it.Q: what does the woman mean?8.M: would you like to try the banana pie? It's incredible.W: well, to tell the truth I don't care much dessert.Q: what does the woman say about the banana pie?9．M: I exhausted I stayed up the whole night studying for my middle term matches exam. W: But why do you always wait until the last minute?Q：what does the woman imply?10．M: I really can afford any more interruptions right now. I got to(设法) finish this assignment. W: Sorry just one more thing, could you give a ride to school tomorrow?Q: What can be informed from the conversation?Section BPassage OneDo you remember the time when people were a litter nicer and gentler with each other?I certainly do. And I feel that much of the world has somehow gotten away form that. Too often I see people rushing into elevators without giving those inside a chance out first, or never saying "Thank you" when others hold the door open for them. We get lazy. And in our laziness, we think that something, like a simple "Thank You" doesn't really matter. But it canmatter very much. The fact that no matter how nicely we dress, or how beautifully we decorate we home, we can't be truly elegant without good manners because elegance and good manners always go hand in hand. In fact, I think of the good manners as a sort of hidden beauty secret. Haven't you noticed that the kindest, most generous people seem to keep getting prettier? It's funny how that happens. But it does. Take the long-lost art of saying "Thank you" like wearing a little makeup or making sure your hair is neat. Getting into the habit of saying "Thank you" can make you feel better about yourself. Good manners add to you image while an angry face makes the best dressed person look ugly.Questions 11 to 13 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q11: What is the passage mainly about?Q12: What does the speaker say about the people of the past?Q13: According to the speaker, how could we best improve our image?Passage Two"Go to the playground and have fun." Parents will often say to their kids. But they should remember playgrounds can be dangerous. Each year about 200,000 children end up in hospital emergency rooms with playground injures. Many injures involve falls from too-high equipment onto too-hard surfaces. Nearly 70% of the injures happen on public playgrounds. Recent studies show they maybe badly designed that protective services are inadequate and their equipments is poorly maintained. Parents should make sure that the equipment in playground is safe and that children are playing safely. Last year the national programme for playground safety gave the nation's playground a grade of "C" for safety after visiting more than 3,000 playgrounds nationwide. Parents should watch closely. They should always be within shouting and running distance of their children. Young children don't understand cause-and-effect, so they may run in front of moving swings. They're also better at climbing up than getting down, so they may panic at the top of a ladder. It's important for children to know you're watching them. Once they feel that sense of security, that's when they can be creative.Questions 14 to 16 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q14: What is the cause of playground injures?Q15: What should parents do to prevent playground injures?Q16: What does the speaker say about young children?Passage ThreeFor 25 years I was a full-time thief, specializing in picking pockets. Where I come from in southeast London, that's an honorable profession. Anyone can break into a house and steal things. But picking somebody's pocket takes skill. My sister and I were among the most successful pickpocket teams in London. We worked hotel and theatre lobbies, airports, shopping centers, restaurants. Now we don't steal anymore, but this crime is worldwide. Here is how to protect yourself:Professional pickpockets do not see victims, only handbags, jewels and money. Mothers with babies, the elderly, the disabled are all fair game. My preferred target was the lone female, handbag at her side, the right side to be exact. So if I'm next to her I can reach it cautiously with my right hand across my body. Only about one woman in a thousand carries her bag on the left, and I tended to steer clear of them. Women whose bags are hanging in front of them are tricky for the pickpocket, as there isn't a blind side. If you want to make it even harder, use a bag with handles rather than a strap. For men, one of the best places to keep a wallet is in the back pocket of tight trousers. You'll feel any attempts to move it. Another good place is in the buttoned-up inside pocket of a jacket. There's just no way in. Even better, keep wallets attached to a cord or chain that is fasten to a belt.A pickpocket needs targets who are relaxed and off guard. The perfect setting is clothing store. When customs wander among the racks, they are completely absorbed in the items they hold up. The presence of a uniformed security guard is even better. A false sense of security makes a pickpocket's job much simpler.Questions 17 to 20 are based on the passage you have just heard.Q17: Why does the speaker say that picking somebody's pocket is an honorable job in southeast London?Q18: According to the speaker, who is most likely to become a victim of pickpockets?Q19: In the speaker's opinion, what is the best place for a man to keep his wallets?Q20: What is the perfect setting for picking pockets, according to the speaker?Speaking in PublicChapter 11.The Power of Public Speaking1.Those who do it well are highly compensated for it.panies want it in employees; the ability to communicate effectively is vital andcommunication skills ranked #1 for career development.3.It becomes a foundation for civil life as well as our working world; something we trulycannot escape.4.Gives you a sense of empowerment—a sense of confidence and ability to “make adifference” when you learn some of the basic skills.5.The Tradition of Public Speaking1.Dates back to ancient times; Greeks and Romans2.Aristotle was key factor in influence and with his Rhetoric text3.Still influences communication today in the speech textbooks we use inclassrooms.6.Similarities between Speeches and ConversationsHow they are similar:1.Both are logically organized2.Both are tailored/adapted to audience3.Both tell a story for maximum impact4.Both adapt to listener feedbackHow they are different:1.Speeches are more highly structured2.Speeches require more careful use of language3.Each uses a different mode of delivery4.Developing Confidence: Your Speech Class1.Nervousness is normal; the anxiety you feel is a natural part of this kind of experience.Our bodies have a physiological reaction to public speaking. Our heart rates go up, our nonverbal behavior changes slightly, and we feel this affect on us. All that being said, this is normally something that can be managed quite easily.2.Two types of anxiety—(1) situational and (2) trait.Situational anxiety is normal andwe all feel this. Certain situations like job interviews, blind dates, meeting the in-laws, and public speaking often make us anxious. We all understand this kind of fear.Trait anxiety is a more personal, deep-seeded fear that requires more intervention to solve but fortunately is far less common than is situational anxiety.3.Managing anxiety: (Situational)1.Acquire more experience—the more you do anything (properly, that is) the lessanxiety you feel doing it.2.Prepare, prepare, prepare—the less enjoyable but the best way to controlsituational anxiety.3.Most anxiety is not visible. Studies estimate that audiences sense only about10% of the anxiety that we feel. So no matter how badly you might feel, youraudience is sensing only a small part of it.4.Don’t expect perfection—none of us is perfect and we can always go back andfind something in a speech we can improve. We prepare our best and then livewith the effort we make. And the vast majority of the time the effort isacceptable.1.Managing anxiety: (Trait)1.The power of visualization—seeing yourself being successful; seeing yourself start,move through and complete an assignment. Used by sports psychologists to help athletes overcome ce rtain “mental blocks”2.Thinking positively—sometimes called cognitive restructuring and is a cousin of thevisualization. Instead of seeing ourselves being successful, this works at changing our mindset and how we think. Not just thinking good thoughts, but being convinced we can succeed.5. Public Speaking and Critical Thinking---There are may college classes that willor can teach you good critical thinking skills. This is one of them. A good public speaker learns to evaluate a message for logic and reasoning and is not swayed by emotional, irrational arguments.6. The Speech Communication ProcessThe Speaker—this is the first step in the process; the success of your message depends on your credibility or trustworthiness. Your ethos or credibility is vital. If an audience distrusts the messenger, the message will not be heard or evaluated. We will talk about what you should and should “not” do to ensure this first step is a positive one.The Message—what you have to say. The key is to find a way to make your intended message be what is actually communicated or received by the audience. It is not good enough to merely have good intentions. An effective communicator makes every effort to have the audience understand the message the way it was intended.The Channel—Messages can be delivered via many channels such as e-mail, telephone, letter, billboard, etc. But the only one relevant to public speaking is face-to-face. To communicate effectively using this channel we need certain skills not needed with other channels.The Listener—the audience. Every audience member brings his or her own frame of reference; or sum total of their life’s experiences. The more our audience shares a frame of reference similar to our own, the easier it is to effectively communicate with them. In all cases we must analyze our audience (Chapter 5) before we can fully organize, develop, and present our speech.Feedback—the message the audience gives the speaker; either verbal or nonverbal. We need feedback to determine if our message was received. Speakers notice audience feedback, so asan audience member we have a responsibility to respond with respect when listening to a message.Interference (Noise)—anything that interferes with the intended message. Noise can be external, internal, or semantic.3.External—stimuli that affect our ability to pay attention to the speaker. Things likeother voices, television sets, stereos, loud fans, etc. Easy to recognize andgenerally easy to control.4.Internal—stimuli from ourselves; occurring in our mind…often referred to as “daydreaming.” Often hard to recognize and hard to control. Audience members haveto concentrate on the speaker and the speaker must ensure the message ismeaningful to the audience. There is a 50-50 or mutual responsibility forcontrolling or minimizing internal noise.5.Semantic—similar to internal; but semantic refers to “word” noise or interferencethat causes us to stop paying attention. Calling someone a “boy” or “girl” whenthey are a man or a woman, might create this type of noise. It is very personaland very subjective.The Situation—this refers to the setting, the environment, the time, the surrounding elements that can impact any message. Easy to overlook this element in the process and then not realize why the message was not as successful as you might have anticipated.7. Public Speaking in a Multicultural World6.In today’s world—school and work—we are likely to be interacting with peoplefrom a variety of cultures. You can believe and feel whatever you wish, but whenwords come out of your mouth or flow from your word processors, you areresponsible for them. So it is best to think first and speak later.7.Be conscious of ethnocentrism. Extreme levels can present some real problemsfor communicators; they indicate our belief that our culture is superior to othersand we show it. Communication works best if we show pride in our own culturewhile also acknowledging that others—while maybe not to your liking—have aright to exist as well. We can all agree that if we perceive that we, or our culture,are under attack, we will defend ourselves. And in the process stop listening to thespeaker. So in essence, moderate levels of ethnocentrism can be healthy. Highlevels will promote defensive reactions from the audience. Low or no levels of itwill not produce a defensive response but will cause any culture to eventually dieout over a long period of time.Types of Public SpeakingPlease rank order the following events according to their tendency to create anxietyUse 10 for the most anxiety-provoking and 1 for the least.8.Giving directions to a stranger9.Introducing a guest speaker at a club10.Standing up and talking on a topic I don’t know about to anaudience of 4011.Speaking to a group of friends12.Standing up and talking about a subject I know to an audience of 8013.Being interviewed for a job14.Chairing a meeting15.Standing up and talking about a subject I know about to anaudience of 4016.Speaking in a seminar of 8 people17.Standing up and talking about a subject I don’t know about to anaudience of 80整理丨尼克本文档信息来自于网络，如您发现内容不准确或不完善，欢迎您联系我修正；如您发现内容涉嫌侵权，请与我们联系，我们将按照相关法律规定及时处理。

如何在公众面前讲话英语作文Title: Mastering the Art of Public Speaking: Strategies for English EssaysPublic speaking, an art in its own right, demands a unique blend of confidence, preparation, and delivery. To convey one's ideas effectively in an English essay format requires a structured approach that captivates the audience while maintaining clarity and purpose. This guide aims to provide a strategic roadmap to crafting an impactful presentation that resonates with listeners, ensuring your message is delivered with precision and flair.The initial phase of your public speaking journey involves thorough preparation. Just as a architect meticulously plans before erecting a towering edifice, you must sketch out the blueprint of your speech. Begin by defining your objective - whether it is to inform, persuade, or entertain. Tailor your content to suit the interests and needs of your audience, painting vivid pictures with words that resonate with their experiences and aspirations.Organization is paramount; a disorganized speech is like a ship without a rudder. Construct a clear outline, arranging your ideas in a logical progression. Embrace the power ofnarrative; storytelling is a potent device that can engage hearts and minds. Each segment of your essay should flow seamlessly into the next, guiding the audience on a journey through your thought landscape.Language choice is crucial in public speaking. Your vocabulary should be appropriate to ensure comprehension without talking down to your audience. Infuse your language with vigor and flavor; vivid adjectives and powerful verbs breathe life into dull topics. Yet, be wary of adorning your prose with needless jargon or excessive technicalities—the essence of a great speech lies in its simplicity and universality.Rhetorical devices are tools of persuasion that have stood the test of time. Metaphors, similes, alliteration, and rhetorical questions can add layers of depth and emotion to your discourse. Harness the emotive power of these techniques to stir the soul up unseen, creating a connection with your audience on an intimate level.Delivery is the final frontier in public speaking. A compelling voice, supported by confident body language, transforms good content into a great performance. Practice modulating your tone to emphasize key points, and employ gestures that amplify your message without appearingchoreographed. Eye contact fosters a sense of rapport, making each listener feel addressed personally.Embracing these strategies within the framework of an English essay not only enhances the quality of your public speaking but also refines your writing skills. The ability to communicate effectively, both in written and spoken forms, is a treasure that endures. As you venture forth to address the public, remember that every great speaker was once a beginner. Continual practice, a reflective mindset, and a dedication to improvement are the cornerstones of mastery.In conclusion, presenting an English essay through public speaking is an exercise in both art and science. Preparation, organization, language selection, use of rhetoric, and delivery combine synergistically to create a memorable experience for both the speaker and the audience. It demands sincerity, passion, and the courage to share one's thoughts openly. By following these precepts, you not only write an essay but also script a chapter in the story of effective communication.。