高考英语一轮复习方案 作业手册(38) Unit 3 Inventors and inventions(含解析) 新人教版选修81

话题38 创造家与创造〔Unit 3 Inventors and inventions〕晨读背诵根底知识自测一、单词拓展(A)根据音标及词义写出英文单词｡1.distinguish [dɪˈstɪŋɡwɪʃ] vi. & vt.显示……差异;使……有所不同;区分2.merciful [ˈmɜːsɪfʊl] adj.宽大;仁慈;慈悲→mercy [ˈmɜːsɪ] n.宽大;仁慈3.product [ˈprɒdʌkt] n.产品4.abrupt [əˈbrʌpt] adj.突然;意外→abruptly [ә'brʌptlɪ] adv.突然地,唐突地5.convenient [kənˈviːnɪənt] adj.便利,方便,就近→convenience [kənˈviːnɪəns] n.方便,便利→conveniently [kənˈviːnɪəntlɪ]adv.便利地,方便地6.caution [ˈkɔ:ʃən] n.小心,慎重→cautious [ˈkɔ:ʃəs] adj.小心,慎重→cautiously[ˈkɔ:ʃəslɪ] adv.小心地,慎重地7.passive [ˈpæsɪv] adj.被动;消极;被动语态8.seize [si:z] vt.抓住;捉住;夺9.file [faɪl] n.文件;档案;文件夹vt.提交;将……归档10.freezing [friːzɪŋ] adj.冰冻;严寒→freeze [friːz] v.冰冻11.innocent [ˈɪnəsənt] adj.清白;无罪;天真→innocence [ˈɪnəsəns] n.天真,清白12.bear [beə(r)] vt.忍受;忍耐;负担13.tap [tæp] vt.轻打;轻拍;轻敲n.轻轻地敲击(声);(水)龙头14.current [ˈkʌrənt] n.(水或气)流;电流adj.现在;当前15.stable [ˈsteɪb(ə)l] adj.稳固;稳定;安定16.associate [əˈsəʊʃɪeɪt] vt.联想;联系n.同伴,伙伴17.practical [ˈpræktɪk(ə)l] adj.实际;实践;实用18 petence [ˈkɒmpətəns] n.能力;胜任;本领(B)单词活用用所给词正确形式填空｡1. I’m sorry, but I don’t know there is an abrupt ( abruptly)change of plan.2. As expected (expect), the sales manager gave in his notice at work today.3. We should try our best to put the enemy in a passive ( passive) position.4. As we all know, newspapers influence the current ( currently) of thought.5. I have heard two versions (version) of the accident.6．It’s freezing (freeze) outside. You’d better put on more clothes. 7．Your invention is ingenious, but not very practical (practice).8．I keep my reference books near my desk for convenience (convenient)．二、短语互译及运用(A)短语互译1.call up 给……打2.now and then 偶尔;有时3.set about 开场;着手4.dive into 迅速把手伸入;一心投入5.set out (to do) 开场(做)6.hang on 不挂断;稍等;紧紧握住7.out of order 次序颠倒;发生故障8.get through 设法联系上(尤指打通);(设法)做完;通过9.ring back 回复10.ring off 挂断(B)灵活运用选择以上恰当词组填空｡1. The poor girl has gone through such a lot since her parents died.2. Do be careful with those fireworks; the slightest spark could set them off.3. These old photos called up childhood memories.4. I set out to knit(编织) a sweater but in the end it became a vest.5. He's not in; why don't you ring back after 6 o'clock6. He takes my sister out to the theatre now and then.7. My clock is out of order and waked me up at 3 this morning.三、课文语法填空When I called up my mother in the countryside 1 the telephone she was upset. There were some snakes in the courtyard 2 came near the house now and then. I think here was a chance for me to distinguish 3 by inventing something to catch the snakes 4 I set about working on some approaches. Finally I came up with an easy 5 convenient way: I put a bowl with some ice-cubes in it 6 the snakes’ habitat to make them sleepy, then I used a small net 7 (collect) the passive snakes and the next day I merrily released them all back 8 the wild. I was satisfied with my invention that I decided to seize the opportunity to apply 9 a patent. So I sent my invention to the patent office to get recognition. And 10 after I have had the recognition can I say that I am truly an inventor.【答案】1. on 2. which/ that 3. myself 4. so 5. and 6. over 7. to collect 8. into 9. for 10. only重点词汇精讲精练1. distinguish vt.区分；识别；〔常与from, between连用〕区别；区分背诵The man distinguishes himself by his wisdom这个人因智慧而扬名。

2021年高考英语一轮复习 Unit3 Inventors and inventions课时作业新人教版选修8Ⅰ.用所给词的适当形式填空1.The________(mercy) king saved the young officers from death.2.The________(associate) between the two panies stretches back thirty years.3.We all have an________(expect) that he can pass the driving test next week.4.He took measures to make up his fault，which receivedour________(recognize)．5.It is so cold and________(freeze) that we have to stay at home.6.He is always so busy with his work that he has no choices but to go to see his parents________(occasion)．7.In ancient China we had many advanced________(invent)，which led to today's civilization and development.8.The light was too dim for me________(distinguish) anything clearly.9.He is a________(practice) man and doesn't like empty talk.10.These chemicals may be harmful to small e themwith________(cautious)．答案：1.merciful 2.association 3.expectation 4.recognition5.freezing6.occasionally7.inventions8.to distinguish9.practical 10.cautionⅡ.完成句子1.A beggar__________________(被发现冻死)outside the temple gate yesterday night.2.I'd like to go whenever__________________(什么时候你方便)．3.__________________(刻苦学习)，and you will make great progress in your study.4.I have__________________(开始着手申请成为一名志愿者)since I learned the information.5.With everything prepared，I will__________________(全身心地投入到)the service.6.The government__________________(号召青年)to donate their blood voluntarily.7.United Nations，is not a nation，but is，allnations__________________(与……有关)each other.8.She was careful to mark her place__________________(在合上书之前)．答案：1.was found frozen to death 2.it is convenient to you 3.Studyhard 4.set about applying to be a volunteer 5.dive into 6.calls on the youth 7.in association with 8.before she shut the bookⅢ.阅读理解A(xx·山西省五校高三联合测试) In the past two decades，the Chinese economy has undergone many reforms in an effort to pete more effectively on the international market.These reforms included allowing foreign banks to offer credit cards to Chinese citizens.Now，researchers at the University of Missouri (MU) have found about 30 percent of Chinese urban households now own at least one credit card and the growth rate of credit card adoption has been an average of 40 percent per year between xx and xx.Rui Yao，an assistant professor of personal financial planning at MU，says that this large growth in such a small amount of time has positive and negative implications for the Chinese economy.“With more and more people taking advantage of credit cards in China，it certainly increases potential consumer buying power，”Yaosaid.“However，we found that more than 90 percent of credit card users were unaware of safety issues existing in credit card use and more than60 percent had little knowledge of the consequences of credit card debt.This lack of knowledge could create problems as credit card ownership is expected to grow at a rate of 11 percent a year.”Yao found that while 72 percent of Chinese credit card holders were never late on their payment，only 55 percent were able to pay the full balance.She also found that 70 percent of Chinese credit card holders said that credit cards contributed to overspending.Yao believes the Chinese could benefit from financial education designed to help them plan for their financial future and encouraging the Chinese to take advantage of debt in a responsible fashion is important for the Chinese economy.“Appropriate use of debt can help households improve their quality of life as well as spur economic growth through an increase in market purchases，”Yao said.语篇导读：越来越多的中国人使用信用卡，这在增加潜在消费者购买力的同时，也因为信用风险知识的缺乏给中国的经济带来了各种负面的影响。

Unit 3 Inventorsand inventions话题素材——发明创造[话题词汇]1.achieve vt. 达到；取得2.ambitious adj. 有雄心壮志的3.birthplace n. 出生地；故乡4.confident adj. 自信的5.creative adj. 富有创造力的6.be enthusiastic about 对……热心7.make efforts to_do sth. 努力做某事8.regard ... as ... 认为……是……9.make great contributions to 对……做出巨大贡献10.set a good example to 为……做出好榜样11.be honored as 被誉为……12.be fond of/keen on ... 喜欢……13.be skilled in sth. 在……方面熟练14.develop an interest in 在……方面发展兴趣15.cause wide public concern 引起公众的广泛关注[经典佳句]1.The first computer was brought into the world by Vannevar Bush in 1931. From_then_on,_it has enriched people's whole life.第一台电脑是在1931年被范内瓦·布什发明的，从那时起，它丰富了人们的整体生活。

2.Their inventions have_contributed_to the development of the whole society.他们的发明促进了整个社会的发展。

3.He is_considered_as a creative scientist and people show great respect_to him.他被公认为一位极具创造力的科学家，人们非常尊重他。

课时作业(三十八) [选修8 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions](限时：35分钟)Ⅰ.单项填空1．Greatly moved by the movie，________．A．tears came to the audience's eyesB．the audience could hardly hold back tearsC．tears could hardly be held backD．the audience's eyes were filled with tears2．—Why did Bob cry?—He couldn't bear________like that before the whole class.A．making fun ofB．being made fun ofC．to be laughedD．being made fun3．Turn on the TV or open a magazine and you ________ advertisements showing happy，balanced families.A．are often seeingB．often seeC．will often seeD．have often seen4．He has talents by which he might ________ himself.A. exposeB. admireC. distinguishD. hide5．Good health________regular exercise and a good habit of living.A．calls on B．calls forC．calls up D．calls off6．A________ identification card is required when you purchase foreign money from the Bank of China.A．valid B．perfectC．beneficial D．flexible7．The bus stop at my block corner is very________，where I take a ride easily to school every morning.A. necessaryB. comfortableC. convenientD. practical8．—You don't go to that supermarket quite often, do you?—No, I only go there ________ because it's too far away from my house.A. eventuallyB. constantlyC. occasionallyD. frequently9．It is clear that in modern society high ________ and demands are placed on students.A. motivationsB. expectationsC. standardsD. opportunities10．Every________，John would remember the strange dream he had had years before, but not quite often.A．more or less B．step by stepC．by and by D．now and then11．As is said，it won't be long ________we participate in the 4th Huaian United Exam.A．since B．whenC．before D．that12．The rescuers ________ to work as soon as they arrived at the spot of the accident.A．set out B．set offC．set up D．set in13．—I'm sorry. I did not catch you.—________ repeat the sentence?A. Would you like toB. Shall IC. Will ID. Do you want that I14．—Excuse me，may I use your phone to send a message? Mine is________．—Yes，of course.Here you are.A．out of order B．out of workC．out of luck D．out of danger15．Mr. White, who comes from ________ European country, has formed ________ habit of attending ________________ church on Sundays.A. an; /; theB. a; the; /C. an; the; /D. a; a; aⅡ.完形填空Bill and John, both seriously ill, lived in the same room at Marie Hospital. John lived next to the only window of the room and was allowed to __16__ in his bed and watch for an hour every day. But Bill had to spend all his time __17__ on his back.They became friends soon and talked for hours every day. They spoke of their families, their children, their hobbies, and their __18__ in the American army. Each day John would sit up and __19__ to his roommate Bill what he could see outside the window.Through John's description, Bill's world was __20__ and brightened by all the activities and colors of the outside world. The window overlooked a beautiful park with a lovely __21__， John told Bill. Ducks played on the water __22__ children sailed their model boats. And a fine view of the city skyline could be seen in the distance. As John described all these __23__，Bill would close his eyes and __24__ the picturesque (生动的)scene. Bill was recovering __25__. However, John became weak day by day.Late one night, Bill was lying in bed __26__ the ceiling when John began to cough seriously. Then doctors and nurses rushed to the room. Thirty minutes later, John __27__ coughing. Now, there was only silence—__28__ silence.The following morning, Bill was moved to the bed next to the window at his request. Slowly and __29__， he supported himself up on one elbow to take the first look. But to his __30__， he could see nothing but a __31__ wall.Only at that moment did he begin to realize that the pursuit of happiness was a matter of __32__. It was a positive attitude we chose to express. It was not a gift that got __33__ to our doorstep each morning, nor did it come through the window. It was an inward journey. Whether a man is happy or not depends on his own thoughts __34__ anything outward.So Bill began to describe the __35__ world to his new roommate that he saw through the only window of the room.16．A.stand up B．sit upC．set up D．stay up17．A.lying B．dependingC．going D．relying18．A.service B．adviceC．appearance D．violence19．A.explain B．complainC．describe D．introduce20．A.affected B．broadenedC．damaged D．expanded21．A.tower B．lakeC．statue D．hill22．A.while B．thoughC．unless D．until23．A.in addition B．in generalC．in brief D．in detail24．A.see B．rememberC．imagine D．recognize25．A.up to now B．little by littleC．sooner or later D．one by one26．A.thinking about B．staring atC．holding up D．fixing on27．A.stopped B．continuedC．avoided D．survived28．A.deadly B．deadC．breathless D．aimless29．A.regretfully B．fortunatelyC．particularly D．hopefully30．A.surprise B．delightC．relief D．anger31．A.simple B．blankC．colored D．painted32．A.consideration B．expressionC．choice D．practice33．A.delivered B．decoratedC．devoted D．determined34．A.more than B．better thanC．other than D．rather than35．A.friendly B．yearlyC．lively D．likelyⅢ.阅读填空根据短文内容，从短文后选项中选出能填入空白处的最佳选项。

手惰市安逸阳光实验学校Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.阅读理解A(2017·广西重点高中考试)Weighing too much can damage your health, and obesity is a growing problem for both kids and adults around the world. Sleep might be one answer to the problem. A new study has found that elementary school students who slept too little were more likely to gain pounds.Past studies have shown a link between sleeping less and weighing more, but scientists have had a tough time determining“which_came_first,_the_chicken_or_the_egg，” says Julie C. Lumeng of the University of Michigan in Ann Arbor. In other words, it hasn't been clear whether kids who weigh too much have trouble sleeping, or whether sleeping less leads to weight gain. Both scenarios (可能出现的情况) seemed equally possible.To get a better idea of which causes which, Lumeng and her colleagues interviewed the parents of 785 third graders from around the United States. The parents answered questions about how well their kids slept that year. Three years later, the parents answered the same questions. By sixth grade, 18 percent of kids involved in the study were obese.The scientists found no relationship between weight and the students' race or gender. It also didn't matter how strict their parents were, or whether they were boys or girls. Obesity struck all of these groups equally. Instead, sleep seemed to be the key factor. Over the 3 years of the study, the children averaged a healthy 9.5 hours of sleep a night. Some kids, however, slept a lot more－or less－than others.For the sixth graders, every hour of sleep above the 9.5­hour average was linked to a 20 percent lower risk of being obese. Sleep appeared doubly important for the third graders. Every extra hour of sleep they got was linked to a 40 percent drop in obesity.【解题导语】本文是说明文。

2019届高三英语一轮复习题组层级快练38 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 新人教版选修8编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2019届高三英语一轮复习题组层级快练38 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 新人教版选修8）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2019届高三英语一轮复习题组层级快练38 Unit 3 Inventors and inventions 新人教版选修8的全部内容。

题组层级快练38 Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ。

阅读理解I am delighted to welcome you to the launch of the 2015 Human Development Report。

The 2015 Human Development Report comes at a time of major changes in the world of work，affecting when，how, and where people work。

This too creates both opportunities and challenges。

We see：· Populations of older people are growing rapidly worldwide。

By 2050, people older than sixty will, for the first time in history， equal those younger than fifteen.· Globalisation and the digital revolution continuing to gather speed。

2018版高考英语大一轮复习Unit 3 Inventors and inventions课堂达标新人教版选修8编辑整理：尊敬的读者朋友们：这里是精品文档编辑中心，本文档内容是由我和我的同事精心编辑整理后发布的，发布之前我们对文中内容进行仔细校对，但是难免会有疏漏的地方，但是任然希望（2018版高考英语大一轮复习Unit 3 Inventors and inventions课堂达标新人教版选修8）的内容能够给您的工作和学习带来便利。

同时也真诚的希望收到您的建议和反馈，这将是我们进步的源泉，前进的动力。

本文可编辑可修改，如果觉得对您有帮助请收藏以便随时查阅，最后祝您生活愉快业绩进步，以下为2018版高考英语大一轮复习Unit 3 Inventors and inventions课堂达标新人教版选修8的全部内容。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.单句语法填空导学号 424927981．Give me a chance, __and__ I’ll give you a wo nderful surprise.2．I’ve been trying to phone Charles all evening, but there must be something wrong with the network；I can't seem to get __through__。

3．Armed with the information you have gathered, you can set __about__ preparing your business plan。

4．Read this story, __and__ you will realize that not everything can be bought with money.5．As I grew up in a small town at the foot of the mountain， the visit to the village called __up__scenes of my childhood。

Unit 3 Inventors and inventionsⅠ.完形填空I want to share with you a story from my life.There was a time when I used to be __1__ constantly for whom I was and what I did，said，and thought.I was __2__ deeply.I had no one to share what I was feeling with，no one who could __3__ what I was going through and no help at all to get away from those __4__ remarks.And I was also very __5__．Many times I was too scared to speak up and on the few occasions I found the __6__ to do so，things didn’t end very well at al l. The point is this：all that __7__ and anger inside of me became __8__，which I used to take out on the court (I used to play badminton)．And those days people often wondered how I played so __9__．I didn’t know it at the time __10__ deep down inside of me I had already decided to do my best to create a life where I __11__ the rules.And because of that __12__，today I have created for myself a wonderful life.Thanks to the suffering，I was able to __13__ more than I could ever imagine.Thanks to people __14__ and not believing in me，I got the drive to prove them __15__．What I’m trying to say is that I don’t see suffering as all that bad.If we learn how to __16__ our suffering in a way that can break us free I believe we can find our way to __17__．I don’t think there is any __18__ in suffering.Instead，we should be proud of all that we have gone through.We still stand strong.And the __19__ we carry from our sufferings，we wear as a badge of __20__．My suffering is my greatest source of power.Suffering is a part of life and the sooner we can accept that，the closer we will be to experiencing what happiness truly means.【语篇解读】本文是夹叙夹议文。