Culturalvalues跨文化交际文化价值观模式
- 格式:pptx
- 大小:1.65 MB
- 文档页数:83


霍夫斯戴德的文化价值理论
Geert Hofsted’s Cultural Value Theory
(太原工业学院外语系 张晓玲)
摘要:荷兰文化学者吉尔特·霍夫斯戴德教授的跨文化研究理论总结了反映民族文化差异和价值观念的五个独立维度,并且计算出了50多个国家和地区在这五个维度上的量值,基本上描绘了一个民族的文化特征,从而揭示了不同文化之间量的差异性。本文从霍夫斯戴德提出的“洋葱式”文化里论入手来阐述他的文化价值理论,同时强调其理论无论是对于跨文化研究这门学科或是社会实践都有着诸多值得借鉴之处。
关键词:霍夫斯戴德 文化理论 文化差异
Abstract: In the early 1980s, Geert Hofstede analyzed a large data base of employee values scores
collected by IBM between 1967 and 1973 covering more than 70 countries. From the initial results,
and later additions, Hofstede developed a model that identifies four primary dimensions to assist
in differentiating cultures: Power Distance (PDI) , Individualism (IDV), Masculinity (MAS), and
Uncertainty Avoidance (UAI) and Long-Term Orientation ( LTO).In his opinion, culture is like the
layers of an onion around a core that consists of values. This paper briefly explicates the research
the cultural difference between china and the west
As we all know,culture influenced by country's politics,
economy,history and so on vary from country to country. In my
views,particularly,it is very obvious that culture between china and the
west has many differences.
To begin with ,some words' meaning and use are different. For
example, in china, the word dag is usually related to bad things, such as狼心狗肺,狗眼看人低. It is always used to describe a person who is
cunning with derogatory sense. On the contrary, in the west,the word dag
means friendly and loyalty . If somebody says:"you are a lucky dag ." you
are not surprise at it. Because he or she admires at your fortune.
Secondly, there are some differences in concept between china and
the west. The cultural difference often reflects the difference of sense. In
商务英语教学中跨文化交际能力的培养
摘 要: 商务英语是以服务国际商务活动为目的的具有专门用途的英语。文化差异对国际商务活动有重要影响。在提高学生语言能力和商务知识水平的同时,还应该加强文化意识的培养。商务英语教学的目标应是培养有综合跨文化交际能力的人才。本文着重讨论文化价值观在商务语境中的体现及培养跨文化交际能力的策略。
关键词: 商务英语 文化差异 跨文化交际能力
1.引言
随着全球贸易一体化的深入发展,商务英语的重要性越来越明显。商务英语作为一种专门用途英语,是以英语为语言媒介,以商务知识为核心的。商务英语教学的目的是培养能够在国际商务场合以英语为工作语言顺利开展相关商务活动的人才。然而,仅靠语言能力和商务知识并不能完全达到有效沟通的目的。不同国家的文化差异也是影响交际的一个重要因素。从事国际商务的人员除了要具备商务知识和语言能力外,还应具备极强的文化意识。商务英语教学培养的应该是具有跨文化交际能力的综合型人才。因此,教师在商务英语教学中应加强学生文化意识的培养。
2.文化是什么?
对于文化,不同领域的不同学者给出了不同的定义。hofstede认为文化是人类思维的软件(the software of the mind),是运行我们如何思考、行动、认识他人和自己的社会程序。hofstede把
文化定义为在同一个环境中人们共同的心理程序,不同的国家或地区,不同群体,这种共有的心理程序会有差异。不同文化间的差异体现在社会活动的各种场合中,包括商务活动。了解文化差异对商务活动的顺利进行有重要意义。因此,旨在培养能以英语为工作语言开展商务活动人才的商务英语课程必须让学生了解其他国家的文化,了解其与中国文化的相同与不同之处。
文化经常被比做洋葱,有很多层。从外到内分别是象征物(symbols)、英雄人物(heroes)、礼仪(rituals)和价值观(values)。价值观是文化的核心,也是最深邃、最难以理解的部分。为了了解不同文化价值观的差异,研究跨文化交际的学者提出了不同的文化模式。在众多的价值观理论模型中,hofstede和他的学生提出的价值维度(cultural dimensions)模型是和与工作相关的价值观联系最密切的一个理论模型。
Chapter 1 culture
The nature of culture:
1. culture is like an iceberg
2. culture is our software
3. culture is like the water a fish swims in
4. culture is the grammar of our behavior
Characteristics of culture:
1. culture is learned (through proverbs, folklore, art, mass media)
2. culture is dynamic 动态的
3. culture is pervasive 普遍的
4. culture is integrated 综合的
5. culture is adaptive
Cultural identity 文化认同
1. cultural identity defined
2. formation of cultural identity (unexamined, search, achievement)
3. characteristics of cultural identity
Cultures within culture
1. subculture亚文化群
2. Co-culture 共文化
3. Sub-group 亚群体Summary
Many of us take our culture for granted. The only time when we may ever think
about it is when we leave our own country to travel abroad or when we encounter
someone with a culture so different from ours that we have to examine our own