鼓楼二模

2024年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考二模英语试题一、单项选择1．The Shenzhou 18 spaceship was sent into space successfully _______ the evening of 25 April, 2024.A．in B．on C．at D．by2．—Dad, could you lift me up? I can’t see the parade.—Stand on the high ground over there, ________ you’ll be able to see it clearly.A．or B．so C．but D．and3．—Are you ready for our Open Day, boys and girls?—Yes. We’ll manage _________, staying organized and friendly.A．yourself B．yourselves C．myself D．ourselves 4．—Boy, you mustn’t enter the library because you don’t dress _________.—Sorry, madam. I’d never really given it much thought.A．properly B．nicely C．smoothly D．perfectly 5．—Teenagers should be ________ that there’s no ending to learning.—I agree with you. Learning is a lifelong journey.A．absent B．awake C．aware D．afraid6．—What an awful rain! We can’t go for a picnic, mum.—In this _______, we have no choice but to stay at home.A．situation B．position C．direction D．location 7．—You are a big fan of history, Lin Chen. _______ do you go to Nanjing Museum?—Not often at all. Too many people want to visit it, so it’s hard to book a ticket.A．How far B．How long C．How often D．How much8．We never know what _______ happen in the future, but we can prepare for the worst and hope for the best.A．must B．might C．shall D．should9．The Tang Dynasty is famous for its poets and poems. You won’t know how the beauty of those poems _______ until you read them again and again.A．expresses B．expressed C．is expressed D．was expressed 10．—You’ve done well recently, Mike.—Thank you, sir. I think I should ________.A．carry on B．take on C．try on D．put on 11．—Someone is knocking at the door. Who is it?—Maybe the out-seller. I ________ some food on Meituan.A．order B．have ordered C．am ordering D．ordered12．Look at the note on the right. Cindy writes ________.A．to ask Stella to be on timeB．to tell Stella to protect her teethC．to remind Stella to see the dentistD．to expect Stella to change the time13．“We have forgotten how to be good guests and how to walk lightly on the earth as other living things do.” The sentence tells us ________.A．why should we take care of the earthB．what we can do to improve our mannersC．whether we are rude to other living thingsD．that it is important to protect the environment14．—Thanks for your helping hand. I finally passed the test.—Congratulations! I’ve also improved a lot. Just as a saying goes, “_______.”A．Practice makes perfect B．Every dog has its dayC．To help others is to help yourself D．Many hands make light work15．—I’m afraid I can’t do well in the sports meeting. I may let my classmates down.—________. You don’t have to push yourself too hard.A．Take it easy B．It’s a pleasureC．Don’t mention it D．I’m afraid not二、完形填空I do believe that everyone is given a chance in life. My son, Gary, was given his chance with cooking.We ran a small restaurant and lived over it. From a very early age, Gary would come down and talk to our customers. It has 16 a good start in his life. By the age of ten, Gary was in the 17 every weekend, so he always made some pocket money. He also had a lot of self-discipline (自律). He used to 18 even before me in the morning. If you run a family business, it was nice to see him helping out.Gary wasn’t so good at schoolwork, but he 19 so much in the kitchen. By the age of 15, he was 20 any of the cooks working there, and sometimes he was even left in charge of (负责) the kitchen. He would produce over a hundred meals, and from then on I knew he would go into catering (餐饮业) because he had that talent. So when he came to me and said, “Dad, I’m required to complete work 21 as part of my course at school.” I sent him to a friend of mine who has got a restaurant. I believe he could learn more outside.Recently Gary became interested in playing the drums and now he has his own band. Who knows what will happen to the cooking 22 the music takes off? My advice to Gary would be: if you start hunting two rabbits, you end up catching 23 so hunt the rabbit you know you’re going to catch. He understood when I said to him, “Gary, if you’re going to get anywhere in life, you’ve got to do it by the age of 30. If you haven’t done it by then, it’s too 24 . ”None of us can believe that Gary’s TV cookery series has become such a great success.I’m really 25 him. I’ve always tried to tell him that if you want something, you’ve got to work hard for it, because nobody gives you anything. He has seen the chance he has been given and caught hold of it with both hands.16．A．allowed B．promised C．chosen D．marked 17．A．hall B．kitchen C．shop D．garden 18．A．tidy up B．stay up C．get up D．hurry up 19．A．shone B．acted C．cared D．changed 20．A．as careful as B．as patient as C．as friendly as D．as good as21．A．background B．achievement C．experience D．knowledge 22．A．unless B．if C．while D．since 23．A．neither B．none C．both D．either 24．A．boring B．late C．helpless D．silly 25．A．proud of B．crazy about C．strict with D．interested in三、阅读理解26．According to the poster, what is the advantage of READING?A．You may feel happy and well-organized.B．You may reduce stress by 50% if you read.C．You may become a writer like J. K. Rolling.D．You may make more friends through reading.27．What is the purpose of this poster?A．To improve your memory by reading.B．To encourage you to do more reading.C．To show how reading influences brains.D．To advise you to care about your health. 28．Where may the poster come from?A．A book review.B．A health report.C．A travelling guide.D．A science magazine.Can you live without technology for a week? Teenager Jackson writes about his experience in his diaries.Day 1Most mornings, I check my phone for messages, read quickly through WeChat and have a look at QQ. Not this morning! And surprisingly, I was ready for school much earlier than usual. On the way to school, I began to count the number of people on their phones—my dad, some young kids, my friends. I was green with envy to them, so I was missing mine. This was going to be a long week.Day 2I set my alarm (闹钟) for later than usual, but I was still out of the house before my brother. When I got to school, my friends told me about some news that had been posted the night before. I really enjoyed hearing all about it. This conversation was unexpected. We don’t usually talk to each other first thing in the morning because we usually send each other messages the night before.Day 3I woke up feeling good until I remembered that I had sports practice that afternoon and I didn’t have a lift (搭便车). Usually, I can make it quickly by posting a message. I spent an hour organizing transport. It was stressful but I learned that I needed to plan if I wanted to live without my phone.Day 4I felt more prepared today. My friends and I had planned to meet at Jason’s house after school to work on a project and I managed to get a lift there. We started well by talking about the project. However, fifteen minutes later, we were all siting in silence. Everyone was checking their phone.Day 5On Friday evening, I was at home. I’d just watched my favourite series and I wanted to talk about it. I could imagine the messages my friends would post about the show. I wanted my phone back but I knew I would hate myself if I gave up.29．What does “mine” in Paragraph 1 refer to (指的是)?A．My phone.B．My series.C．My parents.D．My friends. 30．What does the writer learn from the five-day experience?① Not using phones makes life easier.① Setting the alarm early is important.① Living without a phone needs planning.① Phones help face-to-face communication.①Don’t give up challenges too quickly.A．①-①B．①-①C．①-①D．①-①31．What is the text mainly about?A．Enjoying time with friends at school.B．Improving our lives with technology.C．The challenges of living without a phone.D．The importance of planning daily activities.Moniqua might be the world’s most widely travelled hen. For the past five years, she has sailed around the world with Guirec Soudee, a French sailor (船员) who spoke to Week Junior about their journey.Soudee’s trip began from Yvince, his hometown in the northwest of France. After working as a sailor and a fisherman, he saved up for two years and bought an old boat. He set off alone around the world, aged 21, having spent only two hours practising how to sail it. Before crossingthe Atlantic Ocean, Soudee stopped in the Canary Islands, off the coast of north-west Africa, and it was here that he met Monique. Soudee was given the chicken by some friends. “My plan was to have a hen to stay with and have fresh eggs,” he said. People had warned him that a hen wouldn’t lay eggs at sea because it would be too stressed. However, Monique laid an egg on her first day on the boat and then laid 25 eggs in 28 days. “Monique and I became very close. I talked to her every day and I knew she understood me,” Soudee said. “I taught her how to swim, how to surf. We shared everything together. ”Soudee and Monique finally finished their 5, 000-mile journey around the world in December 2018. Monique was the perfect travel partner. “The only trouble was that I needed to clean Monique’s waste.” Soudee explained. “It was fine if it was outside, then you could wash it off with water. But inside the boat on your bed is not the same.” There were some scary moments on the trip. They met 13-metre waves near Antarctica (南极) and were stuck in the ice on Greenland for 130 days, 70 of which were in darkness. Soudee couldn’t fish because of the ice, and he said Monique’s eggs saved him.Soudee has now written a book called The Hen Who Sailed Around the World: A True Story. … “We’ve got lots of plans for future adventures (日险), ” Soudee said. “I want to get a bigger boat and hopefully Monique will have some chicks and then we can take them too.”32．Where did Soudee meet Monique?A．Near Antarctica.B．In the Canary Islands.C．On the Atlantic Ocean.D．In the north-west of France.33．How did Soudee feel about having Monique during his journey?A．He felt stressed because he needs to teach her.B．He felt angry because he needs to take care of her.C．He was happy because he got someone to get along with.D．He was satisfied because he can have fresh eggs every day.34．What happened to Soudee on Greenland?A．He had nothing to eat.B．He met 13-metre waves.C．He spent 130 days in darkness.D．He was trapped in the ice.35．What might a magazine review say about Soudee’s journey?A．An old boat journey around the world alone.B．A dangerous adventure to explore Greenland.C．An amazing adventure with an unusual friend.D．A fantastic journey with unexpected challenges.Willie Bentley’s happiest days were snowstorm days. He watched snowflakes fall on the dried grass and on the dark metal handle of the door. He said snow was as beautiful as butterflies, or apple blossoms (花).He could catch butterflies and show them to his brother. He could pick apple blossoms and take them to his mother. But he could not share snowflakes because he could not save them.When his mother gave him an old microscope (显微镜), he used it to look at flowers, raindrops and grass. Best of all, he used it to look at snow. While other children built forts with sand and threw snowballs at birds, Willie was catching snowflakes. Day after stormy day he studied the icy crystals.The intricate patters (复杂的结构) of snowflakes were even more beautiful than he had imagined. He expected to find whole flakes that were the same, that were copies of each other. But he never did. Willie decided he must find a way to save snowflakes so others could see their wonderful patterns. For three winters he tried drawing snow crystals. They always melted before he could finish.When he was 16, Willie read about a camera which has its own microscope. “If I had that camera, I could photograph snowflakes,” he told his mother. Willie’s mother knew he would not be happy until he could share what he had seen.“Fussing with snow is just foolishness,” his father said. Still, he loved his son. When Willie was 17, his parents spent their savings and bought the camera. It was taller than a newborn cow, and cost as much as ten cows. Willie was sure it was the best of all cameras.Even so, his first pictures were failures. Yet he would not give up. Mistake by mistake, snowflake by snowflake, Willie worked through every storm. Winter ended, the snow melted, andhe had no good pictures. He waited for another season of snow. One day, in the second winter, he tried a new way. And it worked!Willie worked out how to photograph snowflakes!“Now everyone can see the great beauty in a tiny crystal,” he said.But in those days no one cared. Neighbors laughed at the idea of photographing snow. “Snow is as common as dirt,” they said. “We don’t need pictures.” Willie said the photographs would be his gift to the world.36．What did Willie most like to do when he was a boy?A．He watched snowflakes alone.B．He threw snowballs at birds.C．He caught butterflies with his brother.D．He built sand forts with his friends. 37．What problem did Willie have when he tried to draw snowflakes?A．Snowflake patterns were too difficult to draw well.B．Snowflakes melted before he could finish drawing them.C．Snowflakes were hard to draw because of the cold weather.D．Snowflakes blew away before he could finish drawing them.38．“Fussing with snow is just foolishness,” his father said. This sentence shows that Willie’s father thought photographing snow was ___________.A．an interesting idea B．worth having a tryC．something Willie wasn’t good at D．a waste of Willie’s time39．Which sentence best tells about Willie?A．He liked every season equally.B．He insisted on his special interest.C．He cared about what other people said.D．He was so careless that he made mistakes. 40．What is the main idea of this passage?A．Parents’ new camera was a nice gift to Willie.B．Willie used a microscope to look at snowflakes.C．Willie showed the beauty in nature through his photos.D．Snow was as beautiful as butterflies, or apple blossoms.四、单词拼写41．As a (成员) of Yangtze River Porpoise Society, we go to Fish mouth Wetland Park to watch and count the porpoises.42．—Why does our teacher always seem so (严肃的)?—Well, but he’s got a great sense of humour outside of class.43．To our great (诧异), only Simon’s answer was proved correct.44．Tom’s parents decided to (惩罚) him because he told a big lie yesterday.45．We should keep these fresh fruit with a temperature of 5°c or (以下).46．Sam is looking pleased with (he) because he gets full marks in the physics exam. 47．As robots are widely used, some traditional jobs will disappear (complete).48．If you get into (difficult), give me a call at any time. I’m always ready to help you. 49．—Dad, I’m doing my homework. Would you mind (turn) the TV down a little? —Oh, sorry, dear. I’ll do it right away.50．Xiao Ming is crazy about basketball, so lots of photos of the stars are (hang) on the wall in his bedroom.五、选词填空请根据短文内容，从下面方框中选择适当的单词或短语填空，使短文内容完整正确，并将答案填写在答题卡标号为1-5的相应横线上。

2023年江苏省南京市鼓楼区中考二模物理试卷一、单选题1. 关于声现象，下列说法正确的是（）A．甲：发声的扬声器旁，烛焰晃动，说明声音可以传递能量B．乙：汽车的倒车雷达，利用超声波比次声波传播速度大C．丙：改变尺子伸出桌面长度，只有声音的响度变化D．丁：停止抽气后打开气阀，铃声逐渐变小2. 寒冷的冬天，戴眼镜的人从室外进入温暖的室内，镜片会蒙上一层小水珠。

这种物态变化与下列现象相同的是（）A．的形成B．雾的形成C．冰冻的衣服也能晾干D．冰雪消融3. 中国的诗词歌赋蕴含着丰富的光学知识，下列说法正确的是（）A．“举杯邀明月，对影成三人”，杯中的“明月”是由于光的反射形成B．“起舞弄清影，何似在人间”，影子是由于光的折射形成C．“人有悲欢离合，月有阴晴圆缺”，月亮是自然光源D．“楼台倒影入池塘”，倒影是由于光的直线传播形成4. 下列估测正确的是（）A．人心跳1次的时间约为0.1s B．日光灯正常工作时，电流约为5A C．普通课桌的高度约为80dm D．教室里空气的质量约为260kg5. 鸭血粉丝汤是南京的特色小吃，鲜香爽滑，香气四溢。

下列说法正确的是（）A．厨房的液化石油气，燃烧不充分时，热值变小B．液化石油气的燃烧是将内能转化为化学能C．香气四溢是由于分子处在永不停息的无规则运动中D．热腾腾的鸭血粉丝汤含有的热量多6. 每年3月最后一周的星期一是全国中小学生安全教育日。

关于安全用电下列说法正确的是（）A．人体的安全电压是220V B．空气开关“跳闸”一定是电路发生了短路C．当有人触电时，应该立即切断电源D．多个大功率用电器可以同时使用一个接线板7. 有一种“ElPalm凉亭”，如图所示，它装有风力涡轮机，其内部有磁铁，风进入装置带动线圈摆动可提供电能。

下列实验能解释该发电原理的是（）A．B．C．D．二、多选题8. 南京红山森林动物园的猴子会划竹筏，引起了广大关注。

以下说法正确的是（）A．猴子受到的重力和水对竹筏的浮力是一对相互作用力B．猴子对竹筏的压力和水对竹筏的浮力不是一对平衡力C．不划水时，猴子和竹筏依然向前漂流，是因为它们受到了惯性的作用D．以竹筏为参照物，猴子是静止的；以猴子为参照物，水是运动的，这说明运动的相对性三、单选题9. 如图所示，将摆球从A点静止释放，C为右侧最高点，则（）A．小球在A、C两处的机械能相等B．小球在B处，所受外力全部消失，小球将竖直下落C．小球运动到C处时，速度为零，处于平衡状态D．小球由A到B过程中，重力势能的减少量大于动能的增加量10. 如图所示，将甲和乙放入水中后，甲悬浮、乙漂浮，若甲的质量、体积及受到的浮力分别为、和，乙的分别为、和。

一、基础知识（每题2分，共20分）1. 下列加点字注音完全正确的一项是（）A. 演绎（yì）恪守（kè）沧桑（cāng）B. 招待（dài）岁月（suì）恬静（tián）C. 神秘（mí）瞬间（shùn）精湛（zhàn）D. 呼啸（xiào）谦虚（qiān）舒适（shū）2. 下列词语书写完全正确的一项是（）A. 沉鱼落雁豁然开朗惊弓之鸟B. 鸡飞蛋打眼疾手快源远流长C. 眉清目秀漫不经心雕梁画栋D. 风和日丽轰轰烈烈豁然开朗3. 下列句子没有语病的一项是（）A. 随着我国经济的快速发展，人民生活水平不断提高，贫困人口逐年减少。

B. 由于他努力学习，成绩提高得很快，受到了老师的高度评价。

C. 学校为了丰富同学们的课余生活，组织了一次文艺汇演。

D. 他对这个问题进行了深入的研究，已经找到了解决的办法。

4. 下列句子运用修辞手法正确的一项是（）A. 月亮升上了天空，仿佛是一块巨大的银盘。

B. 这本书的内容非常丰富，就像一座知识的宝库。

C. 爸爸的头发全白了，像雪一样白。

D. 那只小鸟在树枝上欢快地唱歌，好像在向我们问好。

5. 下列各句中，加点词语解释有误的一项是（）A. 井底之蛙：井底的青蛙只能看到井口的一小块天空，比喻见识短浅。

B. 狐假虎威：狐狸借助老虎的威势欺压他人，比喻依仗别人的势力欺压人。

C. 画蛇添足：画蛇时多画了几笔，比喻多此一举，反而坏事。

D. 鸡鸣狗盗：鸡叫狗偷，比喻卑鄙无耻的行为。

二、现代文阅读（每题3分，共15分）阅读下面的文章，回答问题。

我们家的门铃①我们家住在七楼，没有电梯，搬东西时，上下楼梯特别麻烦。

所以，我们家的门铃特别响，每当门铃响起时，我都会想：“难道家里进小偷了吗？”②一天，妈妈从外面回来，手里拿着一个东西，兴高采烈地对我说：“小宝，看妈妈给你买了个什么？”说着，把那个东西递给了我。

江苏省南京鼓楼区金陵汇文2024届中考二模物理试题考生请注意：1．答题前请将考场、试室号、座位号、考生号、姓名写在试卷密封线内，不得在试卷上作任何标记。

2．第一部分选择题每小题选出答案后，需将答案写在试卷指定的括号内，第二部分非选择题答案写在试卷题目指定的位置上。

3．考生必须保证答题卡的整洁。

考试结束后，请将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、单项选择题（本大题7小题，每题3分，共21分）1．在木棒的一端缠绕一些铜丝制成两个完全相同的简易密度计，现将它们分别放入盛有不同液体的两个烧杯中，如图所示，当它们竖直静止在液体中时，液面高度相同。

从观察到的现象可以判断A．两个简易密度计所受浮力F甲＞F乙B．两杯液体的密度ρ甲＞ρ乙C．两个烧杯底部所受液体的压强p甲＝p乙D．两个简易密度计排开液体的重力G甲＝G乙2．如图所示，电源电压不变，闭合开关后，下列关于电压表示数变化的说法正确的是（）A．滑片P向右移动，V1表示数变大，V2表示数不变B．滑片P向右移动，V1表示数变小，V2表示数变大C．滑片P向左移动，V1表示数不变，V2表示数变大D．滑片P向左移动，V1表示数变大，V2表示数不变3．如图是“探究电流的产生的热量跟哪些因素有关”的电路图．则下列说法不正确的是A．电路采用串联，是为了控制电流和通电时间相同B．该实验不能探究电流产生的热量跟电流的关系C．用煤油而不是水，是因为煤油的比热容较小D．该实验是通过比较温度计升高的温度来判断产生热量多少的4．一物体（长方体）漂浮在液面上，如图（甲）所示．对物体施加力的作用，使物体下降至图中的虚线位置．已知物体的下表面到水面的高度为h，水对物体下表面的压强为p，物体受到的浮力为F浮，p、F浮与h的关系如图（乙）所示．其中正确的是A．①③B．①④C．②③D．②④5．如图所示，水平桌面上放有底面积和质量都相同的甲、乙两平底容器，分别装有深度相同、质量相等的不同液体．下列说法正确的是A．液体对容器底部的压强：p甲＞p乙B．液体的密度：ρ甲=ρ乙C．容器对桌面的压力：F甲＞F乙D．容器对桌面的压强：p甲′＜p乙′6．平面镜成像实验中，以下说法正确的是（）A．用光屏可以呈现虚像B．用玻璃板代替平面镜便于确定像的位置C．平面镜所成像的大小与物到平面镜的距离有关D．平面镜所成像的大小与平面镜的大小有关7．下列物品中，通常条件下属于导体的是A．书本B．橡皮C．塑料尺D．铅笔芯二、填空题（本大题7小题，共21分）8．如图所示为手机的电池，“***mAh”看不清了，但发现了“4.07Wh”字样（如图甲）．则此电池在充满电时贮存的电能为___ J．电池的电极处略有凹陷（如图乙），可以在一定程度上防止与硬币、钥匙等金属物体接触引起_____从而损坏电池．9．一束光AO射向平面镜，光线AO与镜面的夹角如图所示，则反射角的大小为_____。