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英语语法之形容词和doing与to do的使用

英语语法之形容词和doing与to do的使用

高中英语语法最重要知识汇总

按:本套资料省去了名词、代词、形容词等部分,保留了最最核心的句型和动词。希望能有所帮助。 第一章名词性从句 在句子中起名词作用的句子叫名词性从句。名词性从句的功能相当于名词词组, 它在复合句中能担任主语、宾语、表语、同位语、介词宾语等,因此根据它在句中不同的语法功能,名词从句又可分别称为主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。 一.主语从句 主语从句是在复合句中充当主语的从句,通常放在主句谓语动词之前或由形式主语it代替,而本身放在句子末尾。 1. It作形式主语和it引导强调句的比较 It作形式主语代替主语从句,主要是为了平衡句子结构,主语从句的连接词没有变化。而it引导的强调句则是对句子某一部分进行强调,无论强调的是什么成分,都可用连词that。被强调部分指人时也可用who/whom。例如: a) It is a pity that you didn’t go to see the film. 你不去看那场电影真可惜。 - b) It doesn’t interest me whether you succeed or not.我对你成功与否不感兴趣。 c) It is in the morning that the murder took place.谋杀案是在早上发生的。(强调句型) d) It is John that broke the window.是John打碎的窗户。(强调句型) 2. 用it作形式主语的结构 (1) It is +名词+从句 It is a fact that …; It is an honor that…; It is common knowledge that… (2) It is +形容词+从句 It is natural that…It is strange that… . (3) It is +不及物动词+从句 It seems that…It happened that…It appears that… (4) It +过去分词+从句 It is reported that…It has been proved that…It is said that… 3. 主语从句不可位于句首的五种情况: (1)if引导的主语从句不可居于复合句句首。 (2)It is said /reported…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It is said that President Jiang will visit our school next week. ( 错误表达:That President Jiang will visit our school next week is said. (3)It happens/occurs…结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It occurred to him that he failed in the examination. 错误表达:That he failed in the examination occurred to him. (4)It doesn’t matter how/whether …结构中的主语从句不可提前。例如: 正确表达:It doesn’t matter whether he is wrong or not. 错误表达:Whether he is wrong or not doesn’t matter. (5)含主语从句的复合句是疑问句时,主语从句不可提前。例如: ; 正确表达:Is it likely that it will rain in the evening 错误表达:Is that will rain in the evening likely 4. what 与that 在引导主语从句时的区别 what 引导主语从句时在句时在从句中充当句子成分,如主语.宾语.表语,而that 则不然。例如:

todo与doing的区别

--- to do与doing的区另U 一般情况下,to do 是一般将来式,是打算去做什么(未做);doing是现在进行式,是现在正在做什么,或(此事已做过或已发生、正做) like to do 和like doing 的用法有什么区别 简单的记忆方法。当表示喜欢,用like doing ,如:He likes cooking in his house. She likes singing. 表示爱好。 当表示想要,欲做某事(但还没进行)用like to do ,例如:He likes to cook in his house.- 他想在自己家做饭吃。 She likes to stay with us.- 她想和我们带一块儿。(但还没进行) 2 forget doin g/to do forget to do 忘记要去做某事。(未做) forget doing 忘记做过某事。(已做) The light in the office is stil on. He forgot to turn it off. 办公室的灯还在亮着,它忘记关了。(没有做关灯的动作) He forgot turning the light off. 他忘记他已经关了灯了。(已做过关灯的动作) Don't forget to come tomorrow. 别忘了明天来。(to come动作未做) 3 remember doin g/to do remember to do 记得去做某事(未做) remember doing 记得做过某事(已做) Remember to go to the post office after school. 记着放学后去趟邮局。 Don't you remember see ing the man before? 你不记得以前见过那个人吗? 感官动词 see, watch, observe, notice, look at, hear, listen to, smell, taste, feel +doing表示动作的连续性,进行性 I saw him working in the garden yesterday. (强调”我见他正干活”这个动作) 昨天我见他正在花园里干活。

todoanddoing用法

加to do 的动词 attempt企图enable能 够 neglect忽视afford负担得 起 demand要求long渴 望 arrange安排destine注 定 mean意欲,打算begin开 始 expect期望omit忽略,漏 appear似乎,显得determine决定manage设 法cease停止 hate憎恨,厌恶pretend假装 ask问dread害 怕 need需要agree同 意

desire愿望love 爱 swear宣誓volunteer志愿 wish希望bear承 受 endeavor努力offer提 供 beg请求fail不 能 plan计划 bother扰乱;烦恼forget忘 记 prefer喜欢,宁愿care关心,喜欢happen碰 巧prepare准 备decide决 定learn学 习 regret抱歉,遗憾choose选择hesitate犹 豫profess表明

claim要求hope希 望 promise承诺,允许start开始undertake承 接want想要 consent同意,赞同intend想要refuse拒 绝decide决定 learn学习vow起contrive设法,图谋incline有…倾向propose提议seek 找,寻觅 try试图 2)下面的动词要求不定式做宾补:动词+宾语+动词不定式 ask要求,邀请get请,得 到 prompt促使allow允 许 forbid禁止prefer喜欢,宁愿announce宣 布force强

迫 press迫使bride 收 买 inspire鼓舞request请求 assist协助hate憎 恶 pronounce断定,表示advise 劝告exhort告诫,勉 励pray请求 authorize授权,委托help帮 助recommend劝告,推荐bear容 忍implore恳 求remind提醒 beg请求induce引 诱 report报告compel强 迫 invite吸引,邀请,summon传 唤command命 令intend想要,企

高中英语语法-形容词副词

形容词及副词 一、形容词 1.(1)作定语It’s a beautiful day today. 注意:形容词修饰something, anything, nothing等复合不定代词时要后置。 I have something important to tell you. 以a-开头的表状态的形容词(afraid, alone, awake, asleep, alive, alike, ashamed, unable, worth)要后置。He was the only man awake at that time. 2).作表语Don’t feel sad. Tasting good, this kind of cake sells well. 3).作宾补We must keep our classroom clean. 4).作状语The boy went to school, cold and hungry. 2.以ly结尾的形容词friendly lovely lively silly fatherly motherly weekly daily monthly yearly deadly lonely manly timely likely 3表倍数的几种句式 1)……倍数+as+形容词原级+as….. 2)……倍数+比较级+than………… 3)……倍数+the+名词(size/length / width / height /depth)+ of … 4) The +名词+ be + ….倍数+ what从句 5) The +名词+ be + ….倍数+ that/ those of …. Asia is four times as large as Europe.= Asia is four times larger than Europe.= Asia is four times the size of Europe. The output of this year is 3 times that of 2008. The output of this year is 3 times what it was in 2008. 4 形容词+ly变副词的规则 1)一般情况加-ly. quick---quickly brave---bravely immediate---immediately 2) 以“y”结尾的,且读音为/ i /,先将“y”改成“i”,再加“ly”,如:happy-happily; heavy-heavily; angry-angrily; busy-busily easy---easily但是如果读音为/ ai /,直接加ly,如:dry-dryly; shy---shyly 3) 以le结尾,去e 加y: simple---simply gentle---gently comfortable---comfortably possible ---possibly probable ---probably terrible---terribly

高中英语重点语法知识汇总(最新整理)

介词和介词短语 1、介词是一种用来表示词与词、词与句之间的关系的虚词,在句中不能单独作句子成分。介词后面一般有名词代词或相当于名词的其他词类,短语或从句作它的宾语。介词和它的宾语构成介词词组,在句中作状语,表语,补语或介词宾语。介词可以分为时间介词、地点介词、方式介词和其他介词。 1)时间介词:at, in, after, by, before, during, since, for, until, from 2)地点介词:in, at, on, over, under, below, near, behind, by 3)方式介词:with, by, like, in, without等 2、介词和其他代词或名词搭配形成介词短语。介词短语在句中可以作状语,定语,表语,补足语等。 1)作表语例如:It was in 2005 in Beijing. 2)作宾语补足语例如:He found his dog outside the station. 3)作后置定语例如:I even store them in boxes under my bed. 4)作状语例如:You are supposed to put your bread on your plate. 状语从句 1、地点状语从句地点状语从句通常由where, wherever 引导。 Where I live there are plenty of trees. 我住的地方树很多。 Wherever I am I will be thinking of you. 不管我在哪里我都会想到你。 2、方式状语从句方式状语从句通常由as, (just) as…so…, as if, as though引导。 1)as, (just) as…so…引导的方式状语从句通常位于主句后,但在(just) as…so…结构中位于句首,这时as从句带有比喻的含义,意思是“正如…”,“就像”,多用于正式文体,例如: Always do to the others as you would be done by. 你希望人家怎样待你,你就要怎样待人。 As water is to fish, so air is to man. 我们离不开空气,犹如鱼儿离不开水。 Just as we sweep our rooms, so we should sweep backward ideas from our minds.正如打扫房屋一样,我们也要扫除我们头脑中落后的东西。 2)as if, as though 两者的意义和用法相同,引出的状语从句谓语多用虚拟语气,表示与事实相反,有时也用陈述语气, 表示所说情况是事实或实现的可能性较大。汉译常作“仿佛……似的”,“好像……似的”,例如: They completely ignore these facts as if (as though) they never existed. 他们完全忽略了这些事实,就仿佛它不存在似的.(与事实相反谓语用虚拟语气)

常见的todo与doing

常见的“to do”与“doing”现象 有些动词后既可接to do,也可接doing,它们后接to do与doing在意思上有时有较大的差别。因为它们也是中考的常考点之一,因而我们应该搞清楚它们的区别。 1. stop to do/stop doing sth。 解析:stop to do sth.意为“停下来(正在做的事)去做(另外的)某事”,to do sth.在句中作目的状语。而stop doing sth.意为“停止做(正在做的)某事”。如Mary stopped to speak to me.玛丽停下(手头的工作)来跟我讲话。 When the teacher came in. the students stopped talking.老师进来时,学生们停止讲话。 2. remember to do/remember doing sth 解析:remember to do sth.意为“记住要去做某事”(还没有做)。而remember doing sth.意为“记得(已经)做过某事”如: Please remember to send the letter for me.请记住为我发这封信。 I don’t remember eating such food somewhere.我不记得在哪里吃过这种食物 3. forget to do/forget doing sth 解析:forget to do sth.意为“忘记做某事”(动作还没有发生)。而forget doing sth.意为“忘记做过某事”(动作已发生)。如: Don’t forget to bring your photo here.别忘了把你的相片带来。 I have forgotten giving the book to him.我忘记我已把书给了他。 4. go on to do/go on doing sth 解析:go on to do sth.意为“做完一件事,接着做另外一件事”,两件事之间有可能有某种联系。而go on doing sth.意为“继续做下去”。如: After reading the text, the students went on to do the exercises.学生们读完课文后,接着做练习。 It’s raining hard, but the farmers go on working on the farm.虽然天正下着大雨,但农民们继续在农场干活。 5. try to do/try doing sth 解析:try to do sth.意为“尽力去做某事”,而try doing sth.意为“(用某一种办法)试着去做某事”。如: Try to come a little early next time, please.下次请尽量早点来。 You can try working out the problem in another way.你可以试试用其它的方法解答这道题目。 6. can’t help to do/can’t help doing sth 解析:can’t help to do为动词不定式结构;can’t help doing sth.意为“身不由己地去做某事”或“情不自禁地去做某事。”如: We can’t help to finish it.我们不能帮忙完成此事。 I couldn’t help laughing when I saw her strange face.当我看到她奇怪的脸时,我情不自禁地笑了。 7. hear sb. do/hear sb. doing sth 解析:hear sb. do sth.意为“听见某人做某事”,指听到了这个动作的全过程;hear sb. doing sth.意为“听到某人做某事”,指听到时候,这个动作正在发生。如: I often hear him sing in the classroom.我经常听见他在教室里唱歌。 Do you hear someone knocking at the door?你听见有人在敲门吗? 应该说明的是:和hear的用法一样的还有see、watch、notice等。

高中英语语法形容词作状语

形容词作状语 形容词在句中作定语、表语和宾语补足语的情况很多,但作状语的时候也不少。女口: The bag fell on the floor and broke open.袋子掉到地上摔破了。Glad to accept the girl nodded her agreement. 这姑娘乐于接受,点头表示同意。 形容词(短语)作状语时,通常说明主语的情况,即表示主语的状态、性质、特征等,有时它和宾语的关系密切,且可位于句首、句末和句子中间,通常和句子的其它部分用逗号分开,但单个形容词可 以连在一起。 一、形容词(短语)作状语说明主语的情况,可以表示动作或状态发生的原因、方式、时间或伴随等, 或对谓语作补充说明。 1. 表示原因,但原因意义不很突出,有时是并列的。例如: Afraid of difficulty, he prefers to do the easy maths problem.他害怕困难,宁愿做容易的数学题。 Anxious for a quick decisiop our leader called for a vote.我们队长急于迅速作出决定,要求进行表 决。 2. 表示方式或伴随。例如: The lost boy spe nt three days in the forest cold and hungry.那个迷路的男孩又冷又饿地在森林中过了二天。 The moon had just risen, very golden over the hill. 月亮刚刚升起,挂在山上,十足的金黄色。 3. 形容词(短语)作状语时,它和句中谓语动词在意义上的联系不密切,只是对谓语补充说明。 Effective the first of October, our supermarket will close at eleven. 我们超市 ^一点关门,从十月一日起生

高中英语知识点完整解读大全

高中英语知识点完整解读大全 一、定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解 1. The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains. A. which was B. it was C. which were D. them were 【陷阱】容易误选A或B,将A、B中的which 和it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是high mountains,around which 是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数was。请做以下类例题目(答案均为C): (1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops. A. which is B. it is C. which are D. them are (2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are (3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food. A. which are B. it is C. which is D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A. that B. which C. where D. what 【陷阱】容易误选B,认为around 是介词,选which 用以代替前面的名词hospital,在此用作介词around 的宾语。 【分析】最佳答案为C。以上语法分析并不算错,但问题是,照此分析,此句的意思即为:有没有这样一个医院,我在它的附近可以买药治我的手伤?这样的语境显然有点不合情理,因为人们通常是在医院里面治伤,而不是在医院附近治伤。此题选C 的理由是:句中的around 不是介词,而是副词,意为“在附近”;其后的where 引导定语从句用以修饰其前的地点名词hospital,句意为:附近有没有一家医院,我可以去治我的手伤? 3. David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like. A. that B. who C. as D. whom 【陷阱】此题容易误选A,许多同学一看到题干中的such,再联系到选项中的that,便认为这是考查such … that …句式。况且,这样理解意思也还通顺。 【分析】最佳答案为C,不是A,因为在such … that … (如此……以至……)结构中,that 引导的是结果状语从句,并且that 在从句中不充当句子成分,若在上句填入such … that …,句末的动词like 缺宾语。选C的理由如下:as 用作关系代词,用以引导定语从句,修饰其前的名词boy,同时as 在定语从句中用作动词like 的宾语,句意为“所有老师都喜欢的一位好男孩”。有的同学可能还会问,假若选A,能否将其后的that 视为引导定语从句的关系代词呢?不能,因为当先行词受到such 的修饰时,其后的定语从句应用关系代词as 来引导,而不用that。比较下面一题,答案为A,因为like 后有自己的宾语him: David is such a good boy _________ all the teachers like him. A. that B. who C. as D. whom

todo和doing的差别

To do 和 doing的用法 1. finish, enjoy, feel like, consider, imagine, keep, postpone, delay, mind, practise, suggest, risk, quit+doing 2. 1)forget to do 忘记要去做某事(此事未做) forget doing忘记做过某事(此事已做过或已发生) 2)stop to do 停止、中断(某件事),目的是去做另一件事 stop doing 停止正在或经常做的事 3)remember to do 记住去做某事(未做) remember doing记得做过某事(已做) 4) regret to do对要做的事遗憾 regret doing对做过的事遗憾、后悔 5)try to do努力、企图做某事 try doing试验、试一试某种办法 6) mean to do打算,有意要… mean doing意味着 7)go on to do 继而(去做另外一件事情) go on doing 继续(原先没有做完的事情) 8)propose to do 打算(要做某事) proposing doing建议(做某事) 9) like /love/hate/ prefer +to do 表示具体行为;+doing sth 表示抽象、倾向概念 (注)如果这些动词前有should一词,其后宾语只跟不定式,不能跟动名词。例如: I should like to see him tomorrow. 10) need, want, deserve +动名词表被动意义;+不定式被动态表示“要(修、清理等)”意思。 Don’t you remember seeing the man before你不记得以前见过那个人吗 You must remember to leave tomorrow.你可要记着是明天动身。 I don’t regret telling her what I thought.我不后悔给她讲过我的想法。(已讲过) I regret to have to do this, but I have no choice.我很遗憾必须这样去做,我实在没办法。(未做但要做) You must try to be more careful.你可要多加小心。 Let’s try doing the work some other way.让我们试一试用另外一种办法来做这工作。 I didn’t mean to hurt your feeling.我没想要伤害你的感情。 This illness will mean (your) going to hospital.得了这种病(你)就要进医院。 3.省to 的动词不定式 1)情态动词 ( 除ought 外,ought to): 2)使役动词 let, have, make: 3)感官动词 see, watch, look at, notice , observe, hear, listen to, smell, feel, find 等后作宾补,省略to。 注意:在被动语态中则to 不能省掉。 I saw him dance.

高中英语语法知识点总结

高中英语语法知识点总结 一、定语从句与强调句陷阱题详解 1、The factory was built in a secret place, around _________ high mountains、 A、 which was B、 it was C、 which were D、 them were 【陷阱】 容易误选A或B,将 A、B中的 which 和 it 误认为是其后句子的主语。 【分析】 最佳答案是C,around which were high mountains 是一个由“介词+which”引出的非限制性定语从句,而在该从句中,主语是 high mountains,around which 是表语,所以句子谓语应用复数were,而不是用单数 was。请做以下类例题目(答案均为C):(1) Yesterday we visited a modern hospital, around _________ some fruit shops、 A、 which is B、 it is

C、 which are D、 them are(2) The murder happened in an old building, beside _________ the city police station、 A、 which are B、 it is C、 which is D、 them are(3) Next month we’ll move to a new building, next to _________ a nice restaurants where we can have Chinese food、 A、 which are B、 it is C、 which is D、 them are 2、 A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked, “Is there a hospital around _________ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand?” A、 that B、 which C、 where D、 what

doing,todo,do的用法

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②多音节和部分双音节形容词和副词,在原级前加more most构成。 active - more active - most active happily - more happily - most happily (2)不规则形式 good/well - better - best far - farther/further - farthest/furthest bad /ill /badly - worse - worst old - older/elder -oldest/eldest many/much - more - most little - less - least 2.基本用法 (1)两者相比(甲=乙),用“as+原级+as”表示。 For cheerleaders their sport is just as serious as baxxxxseball or football. 【温馨提示】在同等比较级中,若同时出现形容词修饰单数可数名词,其语序为:as+adj.+a+n.+as。 I have never had as boring a day as today. (2)两者相比(甲<乙),用“not as/so+原级+as”表示。 Unfortunately my wife isn’t so fond of them as I am. (3)两者相比(甲>乙),用“比较级+than”表示,(甲<乙)用“less+原级+than”表示。 Seeking information on the Internet is more convenient than searching in a library. 【温馨提示】在实际运用中,than从句常常省略,要通过上下文来理解。 Traveling from place to place is now so much cheaper and easier. (4)三个或三个以上的人或事物比较,表示最高程度时,用“the+最高级+比较范围”表示。 During the 1990s Michael Jordan was probably the best-known basketball plaxxxxyer in the world. 【温馨提示】有时形容词最高级前不用the,句中的most相当于very 意为“非常;十分”。如: I am most happy to get your e-mail. 3.特殊用法 (1)“比较级+and+比较级”和“more and more+原级”表示“越来越……”,其反义词组为“less and less+原级”。 In many ways my disability has made me grow more and more independent. (2)“the+比较级,the+比较级”表示“越……,就越……”。 The more upset I got the less I was able to concentrate. (3)“more+原级+than”表示“与其说……不如说……”。 The girl was more frightened than hurt.

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⑥can't help不禁mind 介意escape逃跑逃避 二. 接不定式作宾语的动词 【速记口诀】 三个希望两答应,两个要求莫拒绝; 设法学会做决定,不要假装在选择。 【妙语诠释】 三个希望两答应:hope,wish,want,agree,promise 两个要求莫拒绝:demand,ask,refuse 设法学会做决定:manage,learn,decide 不要假装在选择:pretend,choose 三. 要求跟不定式的动词口诀 希望想学就同意(hope/wish;would like/want;learn;agree) 需要决定就选择to do(need;decide(决定);choose(选择))

开始喜爱又讨厌(begin/start;like/prefer/love;hate) 忘记又记住停止又继续尝试(forget;remember;stop;go on;try)to do; doing意不同 命令、警告邀人教(order;warn(警告);ask/tell/invite请/叫/邀请;teach sb. to do) 希望想让别人做(wish;want/would like;get(使得,答应)/allow(允许)do)

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