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88-sam8_instruction_set

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The SAM8 instruction set is specifically designed to support the large register files that are typical of most SAM8 microcontrollers. There are 78 instructions. The powerful data manipulation capabilities and features of the instruction set include:— A full complement of 8-bit arithmetic and logic operations, including multiply and divide— No special I/O instructions (I/O control/data registers are mapped directly into the register file)— Decimal adjustment included in binary-coded decimal (BCD) operations— 16-bit (word) data can be incremented and decremented— Flexible instructions for bit addressing, rotate, and shift operationsData TypesThe SAM8 CPU performs operations on bits, bytes, BCD digits, and two-byte words. Bits in the register file can be set, cleared, complemented, and tested. Bits within a byte are numbered from 7 to 0, where bit 0 is the least significant (right-most) bit.Register AddressingTo access an individual register, an 8-bit address in the range 0-255 or the 4-bit address of a working register is specified. Paired registers can be used to construct 16-bit data or 16-bit program memory or data memory addresses. For detailed information about register addressing, please refer to Section 2, "Address Spaces." Addressing ModesThere are seven explicit addressing modes: Register (R), Indirect Register (IR), Indexed (X), Direct (DA), Relative (RA), Immediate (IM), and Indirect (IA). For detailed descriptions of these addressing modes, please refer to Section 3, "Addressing Modes."Table 6-1. Instruction Group SummaryMnemonic Operands Instruction Load InstructionsCLR dst ClearLoadLD dst,srcbitLDB dst,src LoadLDE dst,src Load external data memoryLDC dst,src Load program memoryLDED dst,src Load external data memory and decrement LDCD dst,src Load program memory and decrementLDEI dst,src Load external data memory and incrementLDCI dst,src Load program memory and incrementLDEPD dst,src Load external data memory with pre-decrement LDCPD dst,src Load program memory with pre-decrement LDEPI dst,src Load external data memory with pre-increment LDCPI dst,src Load program memory with pre-incrementwordLDW dst,src LoadPOP dst Pop from stackPOPUD dst,src Pop user stack (decrementing)POPUI dst,src Pop user stack (incrementing)PUSH src Push to stackPUSHUD dst,src Push user stack (decrementing)PUSHUI dst,src Push user stack (incrementing)Table 6-1. Instruction Group Summary (Continued) Mnemonic Operands InstructionArithmetic InstructionsADC dst,src Add with carryADD dst,src AddCompareCP dst,srcadjustDA dst DecimalDEC dst DecrementwordDECW dst DecrementDivideDIV dst,srcINC dst IncrementwordINCW dst IncrementMULT dst,src MultiplySBC dst,src Subtract with carrySUB dst,src SubtractLogic InstructionsAND dst,src LogicalANDCOM dst ComplementOROR dst,srcLogicalXOR dst,src Logical exclusive ORTable 6-1. Instruction Group Summary (Continued) Mnemonic Operands InstructionProgram Control InstructionsBTJRF dst,src Bit test and jump relative on falseBTJRT dst,src Bit test and jump relative on trueprocedureCALL dst CallCPIJE dst,src Compare, increment and jump on equalCPIJNE dst,src Compare, increment and jump on non-equal DJNZ r,dst Decrement register and jump on non-zero ENTER EnterEXIT ExitreturnIRET InterruptJP cc,dst Jump on condition codeunconditionalJP dst JumpJR cc,dst Jump relative on condition codeNEXT NextRET ReturnWFI Wait for interruptBit Manipulation InstructionsANDBAND dst,src BitcompareBCP dst,src BitcomplementBITC dst BitresetBITR dst BitsetBITS dst BitORBOR dst,src BitXORBXOR dst,src BitTCM dst,src Test complement under maskTM dst,src Test under maskTable 6-1. Instruction Group Summary (Concluded) Mnemonic Operands InstructionRotate and Shift InstructionsRL dst RotateleftRLC dst Rotate left through carryrightRR dst RotateRRC dst Rotate right through carrySRA dst Shift right arithmeticnibblesSWAP dst SwapCPU Control InstructionsCCF Complement carry flaginterruptsDI DisableinterruptsEI EnableIDLE Enter Idle modeNOP NooperationRCF Reset carry flagSB0 Set bank 0SB1 Set bank 1SCF Set carry flagSRP src Set register pointersSRP0 src Set register pointer 0SRP1 src Set register pointer 1STOP Enter Stop modeFLAGS REGISTER (FLAGS)The flags register FLAGS contains eight bits that describe the current status of CPU operations. Four of these bits, FLAGS.7–FLAGS.4, can be tested and used with conditional jump instructions; two others FLAGS.3 and FLAGS.2 are used for BCD arithmetic.The FLAGS register also contains a bit to indicate the status of fast interrupt processing (FLAGS.1) and a bank address status bit (FLAGS.0) to indicate whether bank 0 or bank 1 is currently being addressed. FLAGS register can be set or reset by instructions as long as its outcome does not affect the flags, such as, Load instruction.! " # $ % &# # # $Figure 6-1. System Flags Register (FLAGS)FLAG DESCRIPTIONSCarry Flag (FLAGS.7)The C flag is set to "1" if the result from an arithmetic operation generates a carry-out from or a borrow to the bit 7 position (MSB). After rotate and shift operations, it contains the last value shifted out of thespecified register. Program instructions can set, clear, or complement the carry flag.Zero Flag (FLAGS.6)For arithmetic and logic operations, the Z flag is set to "1" if the result of the operation is zero. Foroperations that test register bits, and for shift and rotate operations, the Z flag is set to "1" if the result is logic zero.Sign Flag (FLAGS.5)Following arithmetic, logic, rotate, or shift operations, the sign bit identifies the state of the MSB of theresult. A logic zero indicates a positive number and a logic one indicates a negative number.Overflow Flag (FLAGS.4)The V flag is set to "1" when the result of a two's-complement operation is greater than + 127 or less than – 128. It is also cleared to "0" following logic operations.Decimal Adjust Flag (FLAGS.3)The DA bit is used to specify what type of instruction was executed last during BCD operations, so that a subsequent decimal adjust operation can execute correctly. The DA bit is not usually accessed byprogrammers, and cannot be used as a test condition.Half-Carry Flag (FLAGS.2)The H bit is set to "1" whenever an addition generates a carry-out of bit 3, or when a subtraction borrows out of bit 4. It is used by the Decimal Adjust (DA) instruction to convert the binary result of a previousaddition or subtraction into the correct decimal (BCD) result. The H flag is seldom accessed directly by a program.Fast Interrupt Status Flag (FLAGS.1)The FIS bit is set during a fast interrupt cycle and reset during the IRET following interrupt servicing.When set, it inhibits all interrupts and causes the fast interrupt return to be executed when the IRETinstruction is executed.Bank Address Flag (FLAGS.0)The BA flag indicates which register bank in the set 1 area of the internal register file is currently selected, bank 0 or bank 1. The BA flag is cleared to "0" (select bank 0) when you execute the SB0 instruction and is set to "1" (select bank 1) when you execute the SB1 instruction.INSTRUCTION SET NOTATIONTable 6-2. Flag Notation ConventionsFlag DescriptionflagC CarryflagZ ZeroflagS SignflagV OverflowflagD Decimal-adjustflagH Half-carry0 Cleared to logic zero1 Set to logic one* Set or cleared according to operation– Value is unaffectedx Value is undefinedTable 6-3. Instruction Set SymbolsSymbol Descriptionoperanddst Destinationoperandsrc Source@ Indirect register address prefixcounterPC ProgrampointerIP InstructionFLAGS Flags register (D5H)pointerRP Register# Immediate operand or register address prefixH Hexadecimal number suffixD Decimal number suffixB Binary number suffixopc OpcodeTable 6-4. Instruction Notation ConventionsNotation Description Actual Operand Range cc Condition code See list of condition codes in Table 6-6.r Working register only Rn (n = 0–15)rb Bit (b) of working register Rn.b (n = 0–15, b = 0–7)r0 Bit 0 (LSB) of working register Rn (n = 0–15)rr Working register pair RRp (p = 0, 2, 4, ..., 14)R Register or working register reg or Rn (reg = 0–255, n = 0–15)Rb Bit 'b' of register or working register reg.b (reg = 0–255, b = 0–7)RR Register pair or working register pair reg or RRp (reg = 0–254, even number only, wherep = 0, 2, ..., 14)IA Indirect addressing mode addr (addr = 0–254, even number only)Ir Indirect working register only @Rn (n = 0–15)IR Indirect register or indirect working register @Rn or @reg (reg = 0–255, n = 0–15)Irr Indirect working register pair only @RRp (p = 0, 2, ..., 14)IRR Indirect register pair or indirect working register pair @RRp or @reg (reg = 0–254, even only, where p = 0, 2, ..., 14)X Indexed addressing mode #reg [Rn] (reg = 0–255, n = 0–15)XS Indexed (short offset) addressing mode #addr [RRp] (addr = range –128 to +127, wherep = 0, 2, ..., 14)XL Indexed (long offset) addressing mode #addr [RRp] (addr = range 0–65535, wherep = 0, 2, ..., 14)DA Direct addressing mode addr (addr = range 0–65535)RA Relative addressing mode addr (addr = number in the range +127 to –128 that isan offset relative to the address of the next instruction) IM Immediate addressing mode #data (data = 0–255)IML Immediate (long) addressing mode #data (data = range 0–65535)Table 6-5. Opcode Quick ReferenceOPCODE MAP LOWER NIBBLE (HEX)– 0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 U 0 DEC R1 DECIR1 ADDr1,r2 ADD r1,Ir2 ADD R2,R1 ADD IR2,R1 ADD R1,IM BOR r0–Rb P 1 RLC R1 RLC IR1 ADC r1,r2 ADC r1,Ir2 ADC R2,R1 ADC IR2,R1 ADC R1,IM BCP r1.b, R2 P 2 INC R1 INC IR1 SUB r1,r2 SUB r1,Ir2 SUB R2,R1 SUB IR2,R1 SUB R1,IM BXOR r0–Rb E 3 JP IRR1 SRP/0/1 IM SBC r1,r2 SBC r1,Ir2 SBC R2,R1 SBC IR2,R1 SBC R1,IM BTJR r2.b, RA R 4 DA R1 DA IR1 OR r1,r2 OR r1,Ir2 OR R2,R1 OR IR2,R1 OR R1,IM LDB r0–Rb 5 POP R1 POP IR1 AND r1,r2 AND r1,Ir2 AND R2,R1 AND IR2,R1 AND R1,IM BITC r1.b N 6 COM R1 COM IR1 TCM r1,r2 TCM r1,Ir2 TCM R2,R1 TCM IR2,R1 TCM R1,IM BAND r0–Rb I 7 PUSH R2 PUSH IR2 TM r1,r2 TM r1,Ir2 TM R2,R1 TM IR2,R1 TM R1,IM BIT r1.b B 8 DECW RR1 DECW IR1 PUSHUD IR1,R2 PUSHUI IR1,R2 MULT R2,RR1 MULT IR2,RR1 MULT IM,RR1 LD r1, x, r2 B 9 RL R1 RL IR1 POPUD IR2,R1 POPUI IR2,R1 DIV R2,RR1 DIV IR2,RR1 DIV IM,RR1 LD r2, x, r1 L A INCW RR1 INCW IR1 CP r1,r2 CP r1,Ir2 CP R2,R1 CP IR2,R1 CP R1,IM LDC r1, Irr2, xL E B CLR R1 CLR IR1 XOR r1,r2 XOR r1,Ir2 XOR R2,R1 XOR IR2,R1 XOR R1,IM LDC r2, Irr2, xL C RRC R1 RRC IR1 CPIJE Ir,r2,RA LDC r1,Irr2 LDW RR2,RR1 LDW IR2,RR1LDW RR1,IMLLD r1, Ir2H D SRA R1 SRA IR1 CPIJNE Irr,r2,RA LDC r2,Irr1 CALL IA1 LD IR1,IM LDIr1, r2 E E RR R1 RR IR1 LDCD r1,Irr2 LDCI r1,Irr2 LD R2,R1 LDR2,IR1 LD R1,IM LDC r1, Irr2, xs X F SWAP R1 SWAP IR1LDCPD r2,Irr1LDCPI r2,Irr1CALL IRR1LD IR2,R1CALL DA1LDC r2, Irr1, xsTable 6-5. Opcode Quick Reference (Continued)OPCODE MAPLOWER NIBBLE (HEX)– 8 9 A B C D E FU 0 LDr1,R2LDr2,R1DJNZr1,RAJRcc,RALDr1,IMJPcc,DAINCr1NEXTP 1 ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓ENTERP2 EXIT E3 WFI R4 SB05 SB1 N6 IDLEI 7 ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓STOPB8 DI B9 EI LA RET EB IRETC RCF HD ↓↓↓↓↓↓↓SCFEE CCFX F LDr1,R2LDr2,R1DJNZr1,RAJRcc,RALDr1,IMJPcc,DAINCr1NOPCONDITION CODESThe opcode of a conditional jump always contains a 4-bit field called the condition code (cc). This specifies under which conditions it is to execute the jump. For example, a conditional jump with the condition code for "equal" after a compare operation only jumps if the two operands are equal. Condition codes are listed in Table 6-6.The carry (C), zero (Z), sign (S), and overflow (V) flags are used to control the operation of conditional jump instructions.Table 6-6. Condition CodesSet Binary Mnemonic Description Flagsfalse –0000 F Alwaystrue –1000 T Always0111 C Carry C = 11111 NC No carry C = 00110 Z Zero Z = 11110 NZ Not zero Z = 01101 PL Plus S = 00101 MI Minus S = 10100 OV Overflow V = 11100 NOV No overflow V = 00110 EQ Equal Z = 11110 NE Not equal Z = 01001 GE Greater than or equal (S XOR V) = 00001 LT Less than (S XOR V) = 11010 GT Greater than (Z OR (S XOR V)) = 00010 LE Less than or equal (Z OR (S XOR V)) = 11111 UGE Unsigned greater than or equal C = 00111 ULT Unsigned less than C = 11011 UGT Unsigned greater than (C = 0 AND Z = 0) = 10011 ULE Unsigned less than or equal (C OR Z) = 1!"" # $%& ' #( ' ' )* )+, )*, )+INSTRUCTION DESCRIPTIONSThis section contains detailed information and programming examples for each instruction in the SAM8 instruction set. Information is arranged in a consistent format for improved readability and for fast referencing. The following information is included in each instruction description:— Instruction name (mnemonic)— Full instruction name— Source/destination format of the instruction operand— Shorthand notation of the instruction's operation— Textual description of the instruction's effect— Specific flag settings affected by the instruction— Detailed description of the instruction's format, execution time, and addressing mode(s)— Programming example(s) explaining how to use the instructionADCdst,srcOperation: dst ← dst + src + cThe source operand, along with the setting of the carry flag, is added to the destination operandand the sum is stored in the destination. The contents of the source are unaffected. Two's-complement addition is performed. In multiple precision arithmetic, this instruction permits the carry from the addition of low-order operands to be carried into the addition of high-order operands.Flags: C: Set if there is a carry from the most significant bit of the result; cleared otherwise. Z: Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. S: Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise.V: Set if arithmetic overflow occurs, that is, if both operands are of the same sign and the result is of the opposite sign; cleared otherwise.D: Always cleared to "0".H: Set if there is a carry from the most significant bit of the low-order four bits of the result; cleared otherwise.Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedst srcopc dst | src 2 4 12 r r 6 13 r lr opc src dst 3 6 14 R R 6 15 R IR opc dst src 3 6 16 R IMExamples:Given: R1 = 10H, R2 = 03H, C flag = "1", register 01H = 20H, register 02H = 03H, andregister 03H = 0AH: ADC R1,R2 → R1 = 14H, R2 = 03H ADC R1,@R2 → R1 = 1BH, R2 = 03HADC 01H,02H → Register 01H = 24H, register 02H = 03H ADC 01H,@02H → Register 01H = 2BH, register 02H = 03H ADC 01H,#11H →Register 01H = 32HIn the first example, destination register R1 contains the value 10H, the carry flag is set to "1", and the source working register R2 contains the value 03H. The statement "ADC R1,R2" adds 03H and the carry flag value ("1") to the destination value 10H, leaving 14H in register R1.ADD dst,srcOperation:dst ← dst + srcThe source operand is added to the destination operand and the sum is stored in the destination. The contents of the source are unaffected. Two's-complement addition is performed.Flags: C: Set if there is a carry from the most significant bit of the result; cleared otherwise. Z: Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. S: Set if the result is negative; cleared otherwise. V: Set if arithmetic overflow occurred, that is, if both operands are of the same sign and theresult is of the opposite sign; cleared otherwise.D: Always cleared to "0". H: Set if a carry from the low-order nibble occurred. Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedst srcopc dst | src2 4 02 r r 6 03 r lropc src dst 3 6 04 R R6 05 R IRopc dst src 3 6 06 R IMExamples: Given: R1 = 12H, R2 = 03H, register 01H = 21H, register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0AH: ADD R1,R2 → R1 = 15H, R2 = 03H ADD R1,@R2 → R1 = 1CH, R2 = 03HADD 01H,02H → Register 01H = 24H, register 02H = 03H ADD 01H,@02H → Register 01H = 2BH, register 02H = 03H ADD 01H,#25H →Register 01H = 46HIn the first example, destination working register R1 contains 12H and the source working registerR2 contains 03H. The statement "ADD R1,R2" adds 03H to 12H, leaving the value 15H in register R1.AND dst, srcOperation: dst ← dst AND srcThe source operand is logically ANDed with the destination operand. The result is stored in the destination. The AND operation results in a "1" bit being stored whenever the corresponding bits in the two operands are both logic ones; otherwise a "0" bit value is stored. The contents of the source are unaffected.Flags: C: Unaffected. Z: Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. S: Set if the result bit 7 is set; cleared otherwise. V: Always cleared to "0". D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedst srcopc dst | src2 4 52 r r 6 53 r lropc src dst 3 6 54 R R6 55 R IRopc dst src 3 6 56 R IMExamples: Given: R1 = 12H, R2 = 03H, register 01H = 21H, register 02H = 03H, register 03H = 0AH: AND R1,R2 → R1 = 02H, R2 = 03H AND R1,@R2 → R1 = 02H, R2 = 03HAND 01H,02H → Register 01H = 01H, register 02H = 03H AND 01H,@02H → Register 01H = 00H, register 02H = 03H AND 01H,#25H →Register 01H = 21HIn the first example, destination working register R1 contains the value 12H and the sourceworking register R2 contains 03H. The statement "AND R1,R2" logically ANDs the source operand 03H with the destination operand value 12H, leaving the value 02H in register R1.BAND dst,src.b BANDdst.b,srcOperation: dst(0) ← dst(0) AND src(b) or dst(b) ← dst(b) AND src(0)The specified bit of the source (or the destination) is logically ANDed with the zero bit (LSB) of thedestination (or source). The resultant bit is stored in the specified bit of the destination. No other bits of the destination are affected. The source is unaffected.Flags: C: Unaffected. Z: Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. S: Cleared to "0". V: Undefined. D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedst srcopc - - . src 3 6 67 r0 Rbopc - -dst 3 6 67 Rb r0/ # 01 #2 2 +34 'Examples: Given: R1 = 07H and register 01H = 05H: BAND R1,01H.1 → R1 = 06H, register 01H = 05H BAND 01H.1,R1 →Register 01H = 05H, R1 = 07HIn the first example, source register 01H contains the value 05H (00000101B) and destination working register R1 contains 07H (00000111B). The statement "BAND R1,01H.1" ANDs the bit 1 value of the source register ("0") with the bit 0 value of register R1 (destination), leaving the value 06H (00000110B) in register R1.BCP dst,src.b Operation: dst(0) – src(b)The specified bit of the source is compared to (subtracted from) bit zero (LSB) of the destination. The zero flag is set if the bits are the same; otherwise it is cleared. The contents of both operands are unaffected by the comparison.Flags: C: Unaffected. Z: Set if the two bits are the same; cleared otherwise. S: Cleared to "0". V: Undefined. D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedst srcopc - - .src 3 6 17 r0 Rb/ # 2 2+34 'Example: Given: R1 = 07H and register 01H = 01H: BCP R1,01H.1 →R1 = 07H, register 01H = 01HIf destination working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B) and the source register 01H contains the value 01H (00000001B), the statement "BCP R1,01H.1" compares bit one of the source register (01H) and bit zero of the destination register (R1). Because the bit values are not identical, the zero flag bit (Z) is cleared in the FLAGS register (0D5H).BITCdst.bOperation: dst(b) ← NOT dst(b)This instruction complements the specified bit within the destination without affecting any otherbits in the destination.Flags: C: Unaffected. Z: Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. S: Cleared to "0". V: Undefined. D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedstopc - - .2 4 57 rb/ # 2 2+34 'Example: Given: R1 = 07H BITC R1.1→R1 = 05HIf working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B), the statement "BITC R1.1"complements bit one of the destination and leaves the value 05H (00000101B) in register R1. Because the result of the complement is not "0", the zero flag (Z) in the FLAGS register (0D5H) is cleared.BITRdst.bOperation: dst(b) ← 0The BITR instruction clears the specified bit within the destination without affecting any other bitsin the destination.Flags: No flags are affected.Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedstopc - - .2 4 77 rb/ # 2 2+34 'Example: Given: R1 = 07H: BITR R1.1→R1 = 05HIf the value of working register R1 is 07H (00000111B), the statement "BITR R1.1" clears bit one of the destination register R1, leaving the value 05H (00000101B).BITSdst.bOperation: dst(b) ← 1 The BITS instruction sets the specified bit within the destination without affecting any other bits inthe destination. Flags: No flags are affected.Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedstopc - -2 4 77 rb/ # 2 2+34 'Example: Given: R1 = 07H: BITS R1.3→R1 = 0FHIf working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B), the statement "BITS R1.3" sets bit three of the destination register R1 to "1", leaving the value 0FH (00001111B).BOR dst,src.b BORdst.b,srcOperation: dst(0) ← dst(0) OR src(b) or dst(b) ← dst(b) OR src(0)The specified bit of the source (or the destination) is logically ORed with bit zero (LSB) of thedestination (or the source). The resulting bit value is stored in the specified bit of the destination. No other bits of the destination are affected. The source is unaffected.Flags: C: Unaffected. Z: Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. S: Cleared to "0". V: Undefined. D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedst srcopc - - . src 3 6 07 r0 Rbopc - -dst 3 6 07 Rb r0/ # 01 #2 2 +34 'Examples: Given: R1 = 07H and register 01H = 03H: BOR R1, 01H.1 → R1 = 07H, register 01H = 03H BOR 01H.2, R1 →Register 01H = 07H, R1 = 07HIn the first example, destination working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B) and source register 01H the value 03H (00000011B). The statement "BOR R1,01H.1" logically ORs bit one of register 01H (source) with bit zero of R1 (destination). This leaves the same value (07H) in working register R1.In the second example, destination register 01H contains the value 03H (00000011B) and the source working register R1 the value 07H (00000111B). The statement "BOR 01H.2,R1" logically ORs bit two of register 01H (destination) with bit zero of R1 (source). This leaves the value 07H in register 01H.! "BTJRF dst,src.bOperation:If src(b) is a "0", then PC ← PC + dstThe specified bit within the source operand is tested. If it is a "0", the relative address is added tothe program counter and control passes to the statement whose address is now in the PC;otherwise, the instruction following the BTJRF instruction is executed.Flags: No flags are affected.Format:5 BytesCyclesOpcode(Hex)Addr Modedst srcopc- - . dst 3 10 37 RArb# 2 2+34 'Example: Given: R1 = 07H:BTJRF SKIP,R1.3 →PC jumps to SKIP locationIf working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B), the statement "BTJRF SKIP,R1.3"tests bit 3. Because it is "0", the relative address is added to the PC and the PC jumps to thememory location pointed to by the SKIP. (Remember that the memory location must be within theallowed range of + 127 to – 128.)!BTJRT dst,src.bOperation:If src(b) is a "1", then PC ← PC + dstThe specified bit within the source operand is tested. If it is a "1", the relative address is added tothe program counter and control passes to the statement whose address is now in the PC;otherwise, the instruction following the BTJRT instruction is executed.Flags: No flags are affected.Format:5 BytesCyclesOpcode(Hex)Addr Modedst srcopc- - dst 3 10 37 RArb# 2 2+34 'Example: Given: R1 = 07H:BTJRT SKIP,R1.1If working register R1 contains the value 07H (00000111B), the statement "BTJRT SKIP,R1.1"tests bit one in the source register (R1). Because it is a "1", the relative address is added to thePC and the PC jumps to the memory location pointed to by the SKIP. (Remember that thememory location must be within the allowed range of + 127 to – 128.)#BXOR dst,src.b BXORdst.b,srcOperation: dst(0) ← dst(0) XOR src(b) or dst(b) ← dst(b) XOR src(0)The specified bit of the source (or the destination) is logically exclusive-ORed with bit zero (LSB)of the destination (or source). The result bit is stored in the specified bit of the destination. No other bits of the destination are affected. The source is unaffected.Flags: C: Unaffected. Z: Set if the result is "0"; cleared otherwise. S: Cleared to "0". V: Undefined. D: Unaffected. H: Unaffected. Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedst srcopc - - . src 3 6 27 r0 Rbopc - -dst 3 6 27 Rb r0/ # 01 #2 2 +34 'Examples: Given: R1 = 07H (00000111B) and register 01H = 03H (00000011B): BXOR R1,01H.1 → R1 = 06H, register 01H = 03H BXOR 01H.2,R1 →Register 01H = 07H, R1 = 07HIn the first example, destination working register R1 has the value 07H (00000111B) and source register 01H has the value 03H (00000011B). The statement "BXOR R1,01H.1" exclusive-ORs bit one of register 01H (source) with bit zero of R1 (destination). The result bit value is stored in bit zero of R1, changing its value from 07H to 06H. The value of source register 01H is unaffected.$CALLdstOperation: SP ← SP – 1 @SP ←PCL SP ←SP –1 @SP ←PCH PC ←dst The current contents of the program counter are pushed onto the top of the stack. The programcounter value used is the address of the first instruction following the CALL instruction. The specified destination address is then loaded into the program counter and points to the firstinstruction of a procedure. At the end of the procedure the return instruction (RET) can be used to return to the original program flow. RET pops the top of the stack back into the program counter.Flags: No flags are affected.Format:Bytes Cycles Opcode (Hex) Addr Modedstopc dst 3 14 F6 DA opc dst 2 12 F4 IRRopc dst 2 14 D4 IAExamples: Given: R0 = 35H, R1 = 21H, PC = 1A47H, and SP = 0002H: CALL 3521H →SP = 0000H(Memory locations 0000H = 1AH, 0001H = 4AH, where 4AH is the address that follows the instruction.) CALL @RR0 → SP = 0000H (0000H = 1AH, 0001H = 49H) CALL #40H→SP = 0000H (0000H = 1AH, 0001H = 49H)In the first example, if the program counter value is 1A47H and the stack pointer contains thevalue 0002H, the statement "CALL 3521H" pushes the current PC value onto the top of the stack. The stack pointer now points to memory location 0000H. The PC is then loaded with the value 3521H, the address of the first instruction in the program sequence to be executed.If the contents of the program counter and stack pointer are the same as in the first example, the statement "CALL @RR0" produces the same result except that the 49H is stored in stack location 0001H (because the two-byte instruction format was used). The PC is then loaded with the value 3521H, the address of the first instruction in the program sequence to be executed. Assuming that the contents of the program counter and stack pointer are the same as in the first example, if program address 0040H contains 35H and program address 0041H contains 21H, the statement "CALL #40H" produces the same result as in the second example.。

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SAM 3X8E Hirel Arm 微控制器产品概述说明书

SAM 3X8E Hirel Arm 微控制器产品概述说明书

SAM 3X8E Hirel Arm® Microcontroller for AerospaceKey FeaturesCore• Arm Cortex®-M3 rev 2.0 running up to 84 MHz, delivering 105 DMips• Thumb®-2 instruction set, three-stage pipeline• Hardware divide, single cycle 32-bit multiply• Enhanced system debug with extensive breakpoint and trace capabilitiesMemory• 512 Kbytes in dual bank of 256 Kbytes embedded Flash • 64 + 32 Kbytes of SRAM memories in dual bank• 16 Kbytes ROM with embedded bootloader routines (UART, USB) and IAP routines• Static Memory Controller (SMC): SRAM, NOR, NAND support Nand Flash controller with 4 Kbyte RAM buffer and ECCSystem• Embedded voltage regulator for single supply operation • Power-on-Reset (POR), Brown-out Detector (BOD) and Watchdog for safe reset• Quartz or ceramic resonator oscillators: 3 to 20 MHz main and optional low power 32.768 kHz for RTC or device clock • High precision 8/12 MHz factory trimmed internal RC oscil-lator with 4 MHz default frequency for fast device startup • Slow clock internal RC oscillator as permanent clock for device clock in low-power mode• 3.0V to 3.6V/84 MHz operating voltage and speed grade • Temperature: –40˚C to +105˚C• One PLL for device clock and one dedicated PLL for USB2.0 high-speed mini host/device• Up to 17 peripheral DMA (PDC) channels and 6-channel central DMA plus dedicated DMA for Ethernet MAC• Low-power modesSAM3X8ECortex®-M384 MHzMPU6 LayerAHB Matrix25 ch DMAConnectivity22System1.8V RegulatorPOR, BOD2 Xtal OSC,2 RC OSC, 2 PLLWDT, RTT, RTCTRNGMemory Control16 ch, 12-bit ADC2 ch, 12-bit DACTemperatureSensor8x PWM9x 32-bit TimersUp to 103 IOsThe Microchip name and logo and the Microchip logo are registered trademarks of Microchip Technology Incorporated in the U.S.A. and other countries. Arm and Cortex are registered trademarks of Arm Limited (or its subsidiaries) in the EU and other countries All other trademarks mentioned herein are property of their respective companies. © 2021, Microchip Technology Incorporated. All Rights Reserved. 7/21 DS00002753BSpace Environment• Full wafer loT traceability• 144-lead hermetic ceramic package• Space grade screening and qualification• Total ionizing dose: up to 30 KRad (Si), QML and ESCC • Heavy ions and Protons test• Single Event latch-up LET> 62 MeV.cm2/mg• SEU full characterization at 105°C for all functional blocks •Safety application noteSAM3X8E Developement Tools• Arduino Due Development Board: /• Atmel Studio and software package: Worldwide supportecosystem of industry-leading suppliers of development tools, real-time operating systems and middleware productsOther Aerospace Applications• Full wafer lot traceability • 144-lead plastic package• QML-N/AQEC/AEC-Q100 equivalent• Unitary burn-in and temperature cycling (opt.)• Neutrons Latch-up immune (opt.)• SEU full characterization (opt.)•Other aerospace applicationProduct Selection GuidePeripherals• Up to 4 USARTs (ISO7816, IrDA ®, Flow Control, SPI, Man-chester and LIN support) and one UART• 2 TWI (I 2C compatible), up to 4 SPIs, 1 SSC (I 2S), 1 HSMCI (SDIO/SD/MMC) with up to 2 slots• 9-channel 32-bit Timer Counter (TC) for capture, compare and PWM mode, quadrature decoder logic and 2-bit gray up/down counter for stepper motor•Up to 8-channel 16-bit PWM (PWMC) with complementary output, fault input, 12-bit dead time generator counter for motor control• 32-bit low-power Real-Time Timer (RTT) and low-power Real-Time Clock (RTC) with calendar and alarm features • 16-channel 12-bit 1 msps ADC with differential input mode and programmable gain stage • 2-channel 12-bit 1 msps DAC• Ethernet MAC 10/100 (EMAC) with dedicated DMA • 2 CAN controllers with 8, mailboxes•True Random Number Generator (TRNG)© ESA/ill./HUART Jacky。

56-VBA-SMX83EN 产品说明书

56-VBA-SMX83EN 产品说明书

Instruction ManualBooster Regulator56 – VBA SeriesII 3 GD56-VBA10A56-VBA11A56-VBA20A56-VBA22A56-VBA40A56-VBA42A56-VBA43AEX h IIB T6 Gc2o C≤Ta≤50o CEx h IIIB T71°C DcThe intended use of this ATEX Category 3 Booster Regulator is to convertthe potential energy provided by compressed air into a force whichcauses mechanical linear motion. The mechanical linear motion is thenused to increase the pressure of the compressed air.Certifcate Number:SMC. 19.0046 XNote 1: The X at the end of the certificate number represents that this product issubject to “Special Conditions of Use”, please see Section 2.2.ATEX Marking DescriptionSpecific Marking for Explosion ProtectionII Equipment Group3 Equipment CategoryGD Environment (Gas/Dust)Ex h General Protection Level SymbolsIIB Gas Sub-divisionIIIC Dust Sub-divisionT Temperature ClassificationGc/Dc Equipment Protection LevelTa Ambient Temperature Range1 Safety InstructionsThese safety instructions are intended to prevent hazardous situationsand/or equipment damage. These instructions indicate the level ofpotential hazard with the labels of “Caution,” “Warning” or “Danger.”They are all important notes for safety and must be followed in addition toInternational Standards (ISO/IEC) *1), and other safety regulations.*1) ISO 4414: Pneumatic fluid power - General rules relating to systems.ISO 4413: Hydraulic fluid power - General rules relating to systems.IEC 60204-1: Safety of machinery - Electrical equipment of machines.(Part 1: General requirements)ISO 10218-1: Manipulating industrial robots -Safety. etc.∙Refer to product catalogue, Operation Manual and HandlingPrecautions for SMC Products for additional information.∙Keep this manual in a safe place for future reference.CautionCAUTION indicates a hazard with a low level of risk, whichif not avoided, could result in minor or moderate injury.WarningWARNING indicates a hazard with a medium level of risk,which if not avoided, could result in death or serious injury.DangerDANGER indicates a hazard with a high level of risk,which if not avoided, will result in death or serious injury.1 Safety Instructions (continue)∙Always ensure compliance with relevant safety laws andstandards.∙All work must be carried out in a safe manner by a qualified person incompliance with applicable national regulations.∙The compatibility of pneumatic equipment is the responsibility of theperson who designs the pneumatic system or decides its specifications.∙Since the products specified here can be used in various operatingconditions, their compatibility with the specific pneumatic system mustbe based on specifications or after analysis and/or tests to meetspecific requirements.∙Compressed air can be dangerous if an operator is unfamiliar with it.Trained and experienced personnel should perform assembly, handlingor repair of pneumatic systems.∙Do not service machinery/equipment or attempt to remove componentsuntil safety is confirmed.∙Inspection and maintenance of machinery/equipment should only beperformed after confirmation of safe locked-out control positions.∙When equipment is to be removed, confirm the safety process asmentioned above. Switch off air and electrical supplies and exhaust allresidual compressed air in the system.∙Before machinery/equipment is re-started, ensure all safety measuresto prevent sudden movement of cylinders etc. (Supply air into thesystem gradually to create back pressure, i.e. incorporate a soft-startvalve).∙Do not use this product outside of the specifications. Contact SMC if itis to be used in any of the following conditions:a) Conditions and environments beyond the given specifications, or if theproduct is to be used outdoors.b) Installations in conjunction with atomic energy, railway, air navigation,vehicles, medical equipment, food and beverage, recreation equipment,emergency stop circuits, press applications, space, military or safetyequipment.c) An application, which has the possibility of having negative effects onpeople, property, or animals, requiring special safety analysis.Quality of air source:∙Connect a mist separator to the inlet side near the booster regular. Ifthe quality of the compressed air is not thoroughly controlled, thebooster regulator could malfunction (without being able to boost) or itsdurability could be affected.∙If dry air (atmospheric pressure dew point: -23°C or less) is used thelife expectancy maybe shortened because dry air will accelerateevaporation of grease inside.2 Specifications2.1 Specifications56 - VBA Series SpecificationsModelHandle-operated Air-operated56-VBA10A-0256-VBA11A-0256-VBA20A-0356-VBA40A-0456-VBA43A-0456-VBA22A-0356-VBA42A-04Fluid Compressed airMax.Pressureratio2 2 to 4 2Max. FlowrateL/min (ANR)230 70 1000 1900 1600 1000 1900Set pressure(MPa)0.2 to 2.0 0.2 to 1.0 0.2 to 1.6 0.2 to 1.0Supplypressure(MPa)0.1 to 1.0Proofpressure(MPa)3 1.5 2.4 1.5Port size (IN,OUT, EXH),(Rc)1/4 3/8 1/2 3/8 1/2Pressuregauge portsize (IN,OUT), (Rc)1/8Pilot port size(Rc)----1/8Pilot pressure(MPa)0.1 to 0.5Ambient &Fluid temp.(C)2 to 50 (No freezing)Installation HorizontalLubrication Grease (Non-lube)Weight (kg) 0.84 0.89 3.9 8.6 3.9 8.62 Specifications (continue)Note 1: If the OUT pressure is higher than the set handle, excessivepressure is exhausted from the back of the handle.Flow rate at IN = OUT = 0.5MPa. The pressure varies dependingon the operating conditions.Note 2: 56-VBA10A/11A/20A/40A/43A Handle-operated with reliefmechanism.2.1 Production Batch CodeThe production batch code printed on the label indicates the month andyear of production as per the following table.Year 2007 2008 2009 ….2021 2022 2023 ….Month L M N ….Z A B ….Jan o Lo Mo No ….Zo Ao Bo ….Feb P LP MP NP ….ZP AP BP ….Mar Q LQ MQ NQ ….ZQ AQ BQ ….Apr R LR MR NR ….ZR AR BR ….May S LS MS NS ….ZS AS BS ….Jun T LT MT NT ….ZT AT BT ….Jul U LU MU NU ….ZU AU BU ….Aug V LV MV NV ….ZV AV BV ….Sep W LW MW NW ….ZW AW BW ….Oct X LX MX NX ….ZX AX BX ….Nov y Ly My Ny ….Zy Ay By ….Dec Z LZ MZ NZ ….ZZ AZ BZ ….2.2 Special Conditions of Use∙CLEAN ONLY WITH DAMP CLOTH!∙AVOID HITTING THE PRODUCT WITH METALLIC OBJECTS!∙TURN OFF COMPRESSED AIR WHEN PERFORMINGMAINTENANCE!3 Installation3.1 Installation∙Do not install the product unless the safety instructionshave been read and understood.∙When transporting this product, hold it lengthwise with both hands.Never hold it by the black handle that protrudes from the centrebecause the handle could become detached from the body, causingthe body to fall and leading to injury.∙Install this product so that the tie rods/ cover are horizontal.∙Considering the transmission of piston cycle vibration, for mounting useretaining bolts (56-VBA1*A: M5, 56-VBA2*A/4*A: M10) and tightenthem to the specified torque (56-VBA1*A: 3Nm, 56-VBA2*A/4*A:24Nm).∙If it is necessary to prevent the transmission vibration, place anisolating rubber material in between the product and the mountingsurface.3.2 Operating Environment∙Do not use in the following environments, as this cancause failure.a) Locations with an atmosphere of corrosive gases, organic solvents orchemical solutions, and where there may be contact with the same.b) Locations where there is contact with sea spray, water or steam.c) Locations where ultraviolet deterioration or overheating of resin mayoccur due to direct sunlight.d) Locations near heat sources with poor ventilation (heat sources shouldbe shielded by heat insulating material).e) Locations with impact or vibration.f) Locations with excessive moisture and dust.∙Do not use the product submersed in water (liquid). Otherwise, liquidwill enter the openings inside the product resulting in malfunction.3.3 Piping∙FlushingUse an air blower to thoroughly flush the piping or wash the pipingthoroughly remove any cutting chips, cutting oil or debris from the3 Installation (continue)piping inside, before connecting them. If they enter the inside of thebooster valve to malfunction or its durability could be affected.∙Piping sizeUse the IN, OUT port size of the booster regulator as a reference for airpiping size. Product performance will be affected if smaller pipes areused for laying of the product pipeline, especially for the upstreampipeline.∙Tightening torqueWhen preparing piping for booster regulator, always fasten the threadswith correct tightening torque as shown in the below table:Threads Tightening torque Nm1/8 7 ~ 91/4 12 ~ 143/8 22 ~ 241/2 28 ~ 303.4 LubricationCaution∙SMC products have been lubricated for life at manufacture, and donot require lubrication in service.∙If a lubricant is used in the system, refer to catalogue for details.3.5 Design Precaution∙Against abnormal outlet pressurea) When it is foreseen that an unexpected failure of the booster regulatorwould cause a significant damage to your system, please takeappropriate safety measure in your system design.b) If the inlet pressure fluctuation is large, the outlet pressure maybe overthe setting range of governor, and that will result in an unexpectedaccident. Take appropriate safety measures.c) Operate the equipment within its maximum operating pressure and setpressure range.∙Dealing with residual pressurea) To quickly exhaust residual pressure downstream of the boosterregulator for maintenance, connect a 3-way valve to the OUT port ofthe booster regulator (Fig.2).Fig.2 Circuit example (1)b) Please note that the booster regulator downstream pressure cannot beexhausted through the booster even if the check valve is installed in theIN port of the booster regulator.c) After exhausting the downstream piping, exhaust supply pressure atthe booster regulator inlet side using the residual pressure relief valveupstream the booster regulator (see Fig.3). This will stop unnecessaryoperation and prevent malfunctionFig.3 Circuit example (2)3 Installation (continue)AMBoosterregulatorAF3-way valveresidualpressurerelief valveDirectionalcontrol valveActuatorregulator3-way valveresidual pressurerelief valveAFActuatorcontrol valveAMORIGINAL INSTRUCTIONSRefer to Declaration ofConformity for relevantDirectives∙ System configurationa) Although a wire mesh is installed at the IN port of the booster regulator to prevent simple particles from entering, it cannot continuously filter particles or separate drainage. Make sure to install a mist separator (model AM Series) at the inlet of booster regulator.b) There is a sliding part inside the booster regulator, and it generates particles. Install an air filter or mist separator at the outlet if necessary. c) If necessary, connect air lubricator only at booster regulator outlet. Accumulation of oil in the booster regulator may cause malfunction .∙ Exhaust aira) Individual piping is necessary for exhaust air of the booster regulator. b) Using common piping for exhaust may cause malfunction due to back pressure.c) Install a silencer or exhaust cleaner at the exhaust port of the booster regulator to reduce noise, if necessary.∙ Maintenance spaceEnsure there is enough space around the product for maintenance.4 Settings∙ Pressure settinga) Do not rotate the governor handle (56-VBA10A, 11A, 20A, 40A, 43A) or supply pilot pressure (56-VBA22A, 42A) more than the set pressure. When the upstream pressure increases, the downstream pressure also increases, and it may exceed the maximum set pressure.b) Secondary pressure should be set higher than the primary pressure by 0.1MPa or more. If differential pressure is less than 0.1MPa, operation may be unstable and cause failure.∙ Pressure setting for handle-operated type (56-VBA10A, 11A, 20A, 40A, 43A)a) To increase the set the pressure by unlocking the handle slightly pulling it up, and, rotating it in the (+) direction of the arrow (see Fig.4).Fig.4 Governor handleb) There is an upper and lower limit for the handle rotation. If over-rotating the handle even after reaching the upper limit, the internal parts maybe damage. If the handle suddenly feels heavy while being turned stop turning the handle.c) Once the setting is complete push the handle down to lock the handle. d) To decrease the set pressure after the pressure has been set, unlock the handle, and then rotate the handle in the (-) direction of the arrow (see Fig.4). The residual air will be released from the area of the handle, due to the relief construction of the governor.e) To reset the pressure to a lower valve first reduce the pressure so that it is lower than the desired pressure; then increase it to the desired set pressure.∙ Pressure setting for air-operated type (56-VBA22A, 42A)a) Connect the downstream piping of a pilot regulator for remote control to the pilot port.b) Refer to Fig.5 for the relation between pilot pressure and downstream pressure.4 Settings (continue)0.1 0.2 0.3 0.4 0.510.90.80.70.60.50.40.30.20.10Pilot Pressure O u t l e t P r e s s u r e M P a (Q =0)Fig.5 Performance characteristicsc) AR20 and AW20 are recommended for the pilot regulator.d) Downstream pressure is twice of pilot pressure at zero flow rate consumption.e) When booster supply pressure is 0.4MPa and pilot pressure is 0.2MPa to 0.4MPa the outlet pressure is 0.4MPa to 0.8MPa at zero flow rate.∙ Drainage ExhaustIf the product is used in a condition in which large amounts of drainage remain in the filter, mist separator, and tank, drainage may flow out the booster cause malfunction. Exhaust drainage from filters once a day to prevent such failure. For the auto-drain type, also check the operation once a day.∙ Air ExhaustWhen the booster regulator is switching between ‘Idle’ and ‘Pressurized’ state, the exhaust air may take a long period of time to exhaust (Note: This is normal).5 How to OrderRefer to the product catalogue for “How to Order”.6 Outline Dimensions (mm)Refer to the product drawings or catalogues for outline dimensions.7 Maintenance7.1 General Maintenance∙ If handled improperly, compressed air can be dangerous. Only qualified personnel should perform maintenance of pneumatic systems.∙ Before performing maintenance, ensure the supply pressure is shut off and all residual air pressure is released from the system.∙ Perform maintenance in accordance with the procedures in the maintenance manual specific to each ‘VBA’ model. If handled improperly, this can cause damage or malfunction in machines and equipment, etc. (Contact SMC for the specific maintenance manual).∙ After maintenance apply operating pressure and power to the equipment and check for proper operation and possible air leaks. If operation is abnormal, verify product set-up parameters. ∙ Do not make any modification to the product.∙ Do not disassemble the product, unless required by the maintenance manual.∙ Do not step on or place heavy objects on the unit.The equipment may be deformed or damaged.∙ Perform demounting of the product in accordance with the procedures below.a) Shut off the air supply and release the air pressure in the system. b) In the case of the automatically operated type, shut off the air supply and exhaust the compressed air in the pilot piping. c) Demount the product.7 Maintenance (continue)∙ Life expectance varies depending on the quality of air and operating conditions. As a symptom of the end of life expectancy, it can be found breathing all the time beneath the handle or hearing the exhausting sound from booster regulator in 10 to 20 second intervals despite no air consumption in the outlet side. Conduct maintenance earlier than scheduled in such cases.7.2 Maintenance Spare Parts List56-VBA Series spare part listModel Maintenance kit partnumber Contents 56-VBA10A KT-VBA10A-1 Maintenance parts setKT-VBA10A-4 Seal set56-VBA11A KT-VBA11A-20 Maintenance parts setKT-VBA11A-4 Seal set56-VBA20A KT-VBA20A-1 Maintenance parts setKT-VBA20A-4 Seal set56-VBA22A KT-VBA22A-1 Maintenance parts setKT-VBA22A-4 Seal set56-VBA40A KT-VBA40A-1 Maintenance parts setKT-VBA40A-4 Seal set56-VBA42AKT-VBA42A-1 Maintenance parts setKT-VBA42A-4 Seal set56-VBA43AKT-VBA43A-1 Maintenance parts setKT-VBA43A-4Seal set8 Limitations of Use8.1 Limited warranty and Disclaimer/Compliance Requirements Refer to Handling Precautions for SMC Products located on .Caution8.2 Obligations of the end-user∙ Ensure the product is used within the specification outlined.∙ Ensure that the maintenance periods are suitable for the application. ∙ Ensure any cleaning processes to remove dust layers are made with the atmosphere in mind (e.g. using a damp cloth to avoid static build up).∙ Ensure that the application does not introduce additional hazards by mounting, loading, impacts or other methods.∙ Ensure that there is sufficient ventilation and air circulation around the product.∙ If the product is subject to direct heat sources in the application, they should be shielded so that the pump temperature stays within the stated operating range.Caution∙ SMC products are not intended for use as instruments for legal metrology.Measurement instruments that SMC manufactures or sells have not been qualified by type approval tests relevant to the metrology (measurement) laws of each country.Danger∙ Do not exceed any of the specifications listed in Section 2 of this document as this will be deemed improper use.∙ Air equipment has an air leakage during operation within certain limits. Do not use this equipment when the air itself introduces additional hazards and could lead to an explosion.∙ Do not use this product in the presence of strong magnetic fields that could generate a surface temperature higher than the product specification.--**--9 ContactsRefer to Declaration of Conformity and for contacts.URL : http// (Global) http// (Europe)'SMC Corporation, Akihabara UDX15F, 4-14-1, Sotokanda, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101 0021Specifications are subject to change without prior notice from the manufacturer. © 2019 SMC Corporation All Rights Reserved. Template DKP50047-F-085H。

ICP DAS tM-AD8 8通道隔离模拟电压输入模块快速入门指南说明书

ICP DAS tM-AD8 8通道隔离模拟电压输入模块快速入门指南说明书

tM-AD88-channel Isolated Analog Voltage InputModuleQuick Start GuideProduct Website:/tm_ad8.html/dcon_utility_pro.html1. IntroductionThe tM-AD8 is an analog input module that includes 8 single-ended analog input channels and provides a programmable input range on all analog inputs (0 ~ 500 mV, 0 ~ 1 V, 0 ~ 2.5 V, 0 ~ 5 V, 0 ~ 10 V). It provides a high overvoltage protection of 120 VDC. The sampling rate of the tM-AD8 is adjustable and is available in either fast or normal mode and It also provides 4 KV ESD protection as well as 2500 Vrms intra-module isolation.2. Terminal Assignment3. Block/ Wiring Diagram∙ Use 26-12 AWG wire for signal connections. ∙ Strip the wire to a length of 7±0.5mm. ∙ Use a crimp terminal for wiring.∙ Avoid high-voltage cables and power equipment as much as possible.∙For RS-485 communication, use insulated and twisted pair 24 AWG wire, e.g. Belden 9841.4. Default SettingsDefault settings for the tM AD modules are as follows: 。

IBM RISC System 6000 AIX 4.1.3上的M2488磁带驱动器连接应用说明书

IBM RISC System 6000 AIX 4.1.3上的M2488磁带驱动器连接应用说明书

TAPE APPLICATION NOTECONNECTING THE M2488 TO ANIBM RISC SYSTEM 6000 RUNNING AIX 4.1.3FOREWORDThis application note describes the procedure to use when attaching to an IBM RISC System 6000 running AIX 4.1.3.Instructions cover installing the M2488 tape drive hardware and configuring the system to communicate with theM2488. The AIX manuals provide detailed descriptions of many of the operations performed in this application note.PROCEDUREYou must be superuser to perform the operations in this procedure.Displays are presented in this typeface:/etc/passwdUser entries are presented in this typeface:bootSTEP ACTION1Shut down the IBM RS/6000 and power the unit off.2Ensure that the M2488 is properly terminated and connect the M2488 tape drive to the RS/6000’s SCSI controller. The M2488 Cartridge Tape Drive Product Guide (part number CG00000-0115xx) may beuseful for configuration of the M2488. Set the SCSI target ID to either 4 or 5. Address 4 will be used forthe examples in this application note.3Power on the M2488 and wait for the power cycle to complete.4Turn the RS/6000 AC power on and reboot the system. The key should be set to the “Normal” position.5Log on as root.6During the boot sequence, the system adds the M2488 to its customized configuration table as a defined tape drive. Verify that the system has added the M2488.From the aixterm command line, type smit, then choose:•Select Devices•Select Tape Drive•Select List All Defined Tape DrivesCG00000-019001STEP ACTION6 (con’t)The system will display the tape drives connected to SCSI I/O controller(s) as in the example shownbelow (note that under “status” below, the system may return a status of “Defined” or “Available”):name status location descriptionrmt0Defined00-01-00-4, 0Other SCSI Tape DriveWhere:name the logical name of the M2488 (rmt0)status whether the drive is Defined (known, but not ready for use) or Available (readyfor use). If the status is reported as “Defined” go to Step 7. If the status is reportedas “Available” go to Step 9.location the SCSI ID of the M2488 (4, 0 in the example)description a short description of the tape drive type. The M2488 is added as “Other SCSItape drive”If status was returned as “Defined”, the M2488 has been added to the defined tape drive list asdescribed in Step 6. Now, change the M2488's status from Defined to Available (defined and readyfor use).When you are ready, select Done.7From the SMIT Devices -Tape Drive window select:•Configure a Defined Tape DriveThe system displays a list of defined tape drives. Select the M2488 by its logical address and loca-tion. The system responds by reporting the status of your command.To verify that the system has changed the status of the M2488 from defined to available, selectList All Defined Tape Drives. The system displays:name status location descriptionrmt0Available00-01-00-4, 0Other SCSI Tape DriveWhen you are ready, select Done.8If the system has returned a status of “Available,” you may want to change the attributes of theM2488 to meet the needs of the customer's system. Follow these instructions to change tape driveattributes.9From the SMIT Devices -Tape Drive window select:•Change / Show characteristics of a Tape DriveThe system displays a table of all of its defined tape drives. Select the M2488 by its logical addressand location.10Setting or changing M2488 AttributesThe system will display the attributes assigned to the M2488 tape drive.You can change the follow-ing attributes as necessary (recommended settings are in UPPER case).2 of 4CG00000-019001February 1996STEP ACTION10 (con’t)BLOCK size (0=variable length)0Use DEVICE BUFFERS during writes YESUse EXTENDED filemarks YESDo not set to NOBLOCKSIZE for variable length support0DENSITY setting #19DENSITY setting #29Set delay after a FAILED command10Set maximum delay for the READ/WRITE command120Select OK.11To leave SMIT, select Done,Cancel,Cancel, and Cancel. The SMIT window will close.12To test the M2488 save the “/etc/passwd” file to tape using the tar command:tar -cvf /dev/rmt0 /etc/passwdThe system responds with: a/etc/passwd 1 blocksNote: depending on the size of the file, a different number of blocks may be reported.13Verify that the “/etc/passwd” file was saved to tape by executing the following command:tar tf /dev/rmt0The system responds with: /etc/passwdInstallation and verification of the system is now complete.NOTESIt is assumed that the user has a standard M2488 and is familiar with the SCSI-2 standard and host operating system conventions.The user assumes all responsibility for understanding the interrelationships of this information with other affected software or system products. Fujitsu Computer Products of America (FCPA) provides this information as a service only, and assumes no responsibility for any damages which could result from the use of this information.The information in this application note is subject to change without notice and is not to be construed as a commit-ment by FCPA.February 1996CG00000-019001 3 of 44 of 4CG00000-019001February 1996。