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他走了，留下我一人去做剩余的工所有工作。 (4)We hurriedly ended our meeting, leaving many problems to be settled. 我们匆匆忙忙地结束了会议，留下了很多问题等待解决。
3．have, get 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中have, get 表示“使、让、叫”之意。 ① have sth. done = get sth. done “使/让某事由别人去 做”（叫/让某人做某事）。如 I’ll have /get my bike repaired tomorrow. 此外，have sth. done 还表示“使遭受……”之意。 如 ① 解 Tom had his leg broken while playing football. Mr. Smith had his house broken into while he was away on holiday. ② have sb. / sth. doing 使/让某人/物持续地做某事 （现在分词表示主动，正在进行） get sb. / sth. doing 使某人/物开始行动起来
• 二、下列动词后跟带to 的不定式作补语：
• advise, allow, ask, beg, cause, encourage, expect, forbid, force, get, intend, invite, like, love, order, persuade, prefer, require, teach, tell, want, warn, wish, 等。如：
• Have you anything to send ? 你有什么东西 要寄吗？（不定式to send 的动作执行者是 “你”）
• Have you anything to be sent ? 你有什么 要（我或别人）寄的东西吗？
• （不定式to be sent 的动作执行者是“我” 或“别人”）
语，但在被动语态中要加上to： • 它们是“吾看三室两厅一感觉”——5看（look
at, see, watch, notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2听（listen to, hear）；1感觉（fell ）。以上动词还可用现在分词作宾语补足语（ 5+3+2+1-2+4）：即以上动词除let, make 外都可 以用现在分词作宾语补足语，此外find, catch, keep, have 也可以用现在分词作宾语补足语。 • 如：At that time, I found him crying in the street. • He was caught stealing. I’m sorry to have kept you waiting for such a long time.
★解题思路 ① 解析句子结构，确定设空在句子中充当的功
能（如状语、定语或宾补）； ② 找准相关动词的逻辑主语，确定该动词与逻
辑主语是什么关系（主动还是被动）； ③ 搜索句子中相关的时间信息，确定非谓语动
词的恰当形式； ④ 将该选项置入空中，看是否能够做到字从意
顺，或是否能传达有效信息、完成交际任务。
(2)The guests left most of the dishes untouched, because they didn’t taste delicious.
客人们没有动大部分菜，因为它们尝起来不可口。 (3)He left, leaving me to do all the rest work.
• ③ The flu is believed to be caused by viruses that like to reproduce in the cells inside the human nose and throat.
• 三、不定式、现在分词作宾补小窍门 • 下列动词后在主动语态中用不带to 的不定式作补
在进行时）
• done(表示被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表完成时) • 如：
• The houses being built are for the teachers.
• The broken glass is Tom’s.
• I have never seen a more moving movie.
• ① An army spokesman stressed that all the soldiers had been ordered to issue clear warning before firing any shots.
• ② The teacher asked us not to make so much noise.
• She was the first woman to win the gold medal in the Olympic Games.
• Women and children were the first to get into it. • (3)用来修饰的词是抽象名词时，常见的有：
ability, chance, idea, fact, excuse, promise, answer, reply, attempt, belief, way, reason, moment, time 等。如：
• 3．用不定式作定语的几种情况： • (1)不定式表将来：
• I borrowed some books to read in my holidays • (2)用来修饰被序数词、最高级或no, all, any 等限
定的中心词。如：
• He was the best man to do the job.
不定式 主动 被动
ing 形式 主动 被动
过去分词 被动
一般式 to do
完成式 to have done
进行式 to be doing
to be done
to have been done
doing
having done
being done
having been done
done
★分词、不定式作宾补用法要点 一、分词、不定式作宾语补足语的区别 1．感官动词see, watch, observe, look at, hear, listen to, notice 等和使役动词have 后面的宾补有三种形式，即原形动词（不带to 的不定式）、现在分词和过去分词。现在分词 表主动或正在进行，过去分词表被动或完成， 动词原形表主动和完成。如： I heard her sing an English song just now. I heard her singing an English song when I passed by her room yesterday.
way时，不定式后面的介词习惯上省去。如：He had no money and no place to live (in).
• We found a way to solve this problem (in).
• 2．当作定语的不定式所修饰的名词或代词 是不定式动作的承受者时，不定式既可以 用主动语态，也可用被动语态，但其含义 有所不同。试比较：
• The question to be discussed at the tomorrow’s meeting is a very important one.
• The missing boys were last seen playing near the river.
• ★不定式、分词作定语用法要点 • 一、不定式作定语 • 1．作定语的不定式如果是不及物动词，或者不定
式所修饰的名词或代词是不定式动作的地点、工 具等，不定式后面须有相应的介词。如：
• Do you have the ability to read English ?
• I have a chance to go sight –seeing.
二、分词作定语
• 1．作定语的及物动词分词形式为： • doing(表示被修饰的名词与分词为主动关系） • being done(表示被修饰的名词与分词为被动关系且表正
• ③ have sb. do sth. (get sb. to do sth. ) 使/ 让/叫某人去做某事
• 如：Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.
• I can’t get him to stop smoking. He won’t listen to me.
I heard the English song sung many times. 我多次听到有人唱这首英文歌。
2．leave 后接三种形式作宾补时，其中的leave 保留了原来之义“留下”，但表达的确切之义应是 “使……处于某种状态）。 leave sb. doing sth. 让某人一直做某事 leave sth. undone 留下某事未做（一般以undone, unfinished, unsettled, untouched 为多） leave sb. to do sth. 留下某人做某事 leave sth. to be done 留下某事要做 如： (1)It’s wrong of you to leave the machine running. 你让机器一直开着是不对的。（主动，正在进行）
• The Browns have a comfortable house to live in.
• There is nothing to worry about.
• Please give me a knife to cut with.
• Here is some paper for you to write on. • 但是，不定式所修饰的名词如果是time, place 或
