浅议英语中与猫有关的英语成语、谚语、俚语及其寓意发表时间：2020-10-28T08:22:47.653Z 来源：《中小学教育》2021年第413期作者：朱文会[导读] 猫是人类的朋友，与人类关系密切，英语民族在长期的实际生活与生产劳动中创造了许多与猫有关的成语、谚语和俚语，它们具有浓厚的民族文化特色及深远的社会历史渊源，这些表达生动形象、寓意深刻，有褒义的、也有贬义和中性的，本文就英语中与猫有关的成语、谚语、俚语及其寓意进行分析研究。
盐城幼儿师范高等专科学校江苏盐城224000摘要：猫是人类的朋友，与人类关系密切，英语民族在长期的实际生活与生产劳动中创造了许多与猫有关的成语、谚语和俚语，它们具有浓厚的民族文化特色及深远的社会历史渊源，这些表达生动形象、寓意深刻，有褒义的、也有贬义和中性的，本文就英语中与猫有关的成语、谚语、俚语及其寓意进行分析研究。
关键词：猫成语谚语俚语寓意猫是人类的朋友，现在有些品种还成为人们的宠物，为人们的生活增添乐趣。
自古以来人们就会把动物拟人化，通过动物形态，习性等特征来表示一种抽象意义，借物喻义表达主观情感，如汉语中就有“猫儿不在，老鼠自在”(when the cat’s away, the mice will play.),“猫哭老鼠假慈悲”(A cat crying at the mouse’s death；to shed crocodile tears)，“猫鼠同眠”(thieves and police working together)等。
英语语言里也创造了许多与猫有关的生动形象、寓意深刻、妙趣横生的成语、谚语、常用语和俚语，它们具有很强的生命力，丰富了英语语言，如果将英语中与猫有关的这些习语进行比较研究，则另有一番情趣。
一、常与dog连用，构成一些习语1.They have led a cat-and-dog life almost since they got married. cat-and-dog: 经常争吵的(人们相信猫、狗在一起总要相斗)。
猫语言（Cat language）"Meow" called: many people think that this is the most basic of the cat, the cat will call two. The reason for this impression is that when a cat is facing a stranger, it usually only makes such a noise, which means "give me food" or "don't hurt me."". "Meow" is an imperative sentence, which means the cat has something to do with the outside world. When a cat calls like this, he tells himself what he wants with the body language.Soft, deep voice said: "meow" called has received others to express information, such as "know" "heard" "I found out" "see you again"."Oh, MI extended tone" mi - wow "is said:" I don't understand".The "s" sound: said he was ready to fight, to threaten each other."Oh" sound said: fear or excitement."Whining" means that you are defending what it thinks is important and you don't want others to be close to it. If a cat lies on its stomach and does not find what it is protecting, it is likely to hide the object under its own body."Yao said:" the sound of hope of compromise and negotiation. Cats usually only make this sound to other cats."A shout -" voice: unknown items, do not know whether it can eat or can negotiate."Well - grams" sound: find prey, but difficult to hunt, need assistance. Is this sound in see birds or fish when."Slightly grams" sound: want to vomit the hair ball in the belly. Feeding cats with plants or oils can help cats vomit."Snoring" sound means safety and satisfaction. Cats make sounds when they feel comfortable. When humans do what cats do to make cats feel satisfied, cats make such sounds. When the cat found the unusual situation, there was no danger after the patrol. The sound was used to indicate that the alarm was relieved". The cat makes a noise between them, comforting them or saying they're in good shape.Dictionary of cats ---- direct interpretation of cat language!(2)Cat gesturesReduce and enlarge the pupil of the cat: the pupil of the cat can be enlarged and narrowed. For cats, enlarged pupils are similar to human eyes, narrowing their pupils and narrowing their eyes.The cat's eyes narrowed. There is no need to adjust the lighting and narrowed his eyes, squinting said it is not very clear Maotou brain, just woke up, such as the lack of energy, or thinking about confused problem.Beard up: means that the cat to protect vested interests, such as self-defense, or against the owners to reduce foodstandards.The cat said: beard back procumbent think you're weak, accept the conditions of the other, to obey and concessions, or after suffering setbacks chose to face the reality of attitude.The beard rises forward: indicates that the cat wants something more and urges the other to give in. If you do this in a fight, show that you are going to take the initiative.The back of the mouth opens: the cat is emphasizing its strength, showing (or boasting) its strength to other cats.Raise your mouth forward: indicate your need.The ear is flat on the head: indicates that you do not want to move.Ear up, back folded: indicated that he intends to run forward.Ears forward: show your attention centered in front.The tail curls forward in a mass of interest toward a thing.The tail is slightly bent downward, and the tip of the tail is raised slightly: it means safety and satisfaction. All cats use this gesture to express satisfaction, so in zoos, most lions, tigers, and leopards can keep their tails in this position.The tail rises straight and stands upright, and the tip of the tail is bent toward one side or forward. It means that you wanta goal, which is usually what he stares at. If it stares at the host, he says he wants to play games with his master. During the meal time, many cats will pose to anyone who has given them food.The tail is erect: show that you want someone to come close to it. The original intention of the action is that the cat is obedient to its mother and can be applied to the person, which means that it has been very close to others.The tail snapped at the ground: anger.Tail twitching: express anger or surprise.Tail droop: indicating weakness, danger, uneasiness, state of mind.The tail hangs down between the legs: the cat shows itself low in the cat population. If you do this to people, it means that it is panic and respects the host, and you want to be sheltered by the host.The tail swings gently and softly: a sign of intimacy or delight, or is thinking.The tail swung frequently: impatient, unwilling to be restricted, free.The tail does not move but the tail wobble: the cat is resisting herself and resisting the anger. It's better to stay away from a cat like this, when cats are easy to attack people.Curly cats wag their tails violently: "show excitement" and "welcome", and dog wags tail mean the same. It's a unique action of curly cats.Put up the hair: cats boast and boast of themselves, usually in a fight to do so.Lift a paw: Show readiness to defend yourself.Forelegs lowered and hind legs raised: indicated ready to hit forward.The forelegs naturally straight, hind legs squeezed: the cat is holding back, some cat said in this position you need convenient.The hind legs naturally curl up, and the forelegs, elbows, and back are forced to grip their bodies, and the claws naturally droop: "stomach pain," usually peritonitis.Rake: indicate one's own mark. The odor left indicates which cat left behind, and the depth of the claw marks the strength of the cat. The height of the claw marks the shape of the cat. Leaving a claw mark in the public area is mainly a demonstration of strength. Leave a claw mark on the item, indicating how large and strong a cat guard the object is".Rub a creature with your ears and tail: leave your scent on the target creature for identification, like human exchange cards. The smell will fade away, so the cat will rub it once every timeshe meets.Dictionary of cats ---- direct interpretation of cat language!(3)Cat language breakthrough tutorialThe cat raised its ears, its whiskers relaxed, its pupils unchanged, and its tail twitched: "it was a good mood, but not very satisfying."."When you see something new, turn two ears to the back: "no!"." If it's food, it means cats don't like it. If it is a stranger or an animal, the cat is not welcome.When the man or the animal comes home, the cat goes up,With his tail raised, a soft voice said, "welcome home. We're a nest."!"A cat "meow" sound, called a change came to an abrupt end, mouth Zhang did not immediately closed up: "I want that......" If you are in front of the food, refrigerator, food basin, usually ask for food, and call in front of the door is asking to go out to play.The cat walked up to go with head high and chest out, tail, upper bending, a mark shaped: "I am very friendly, but also very confident, this action I am willing to be friends with anyone" cat is often used to describe the society, fully satisfied or contented just on young people proud look.The cat met the person or animal, with ears and back rub each other, or with the tail around each other: "let us make friends."When the owner was depressed, the cat ran over and rubbed his master's leg and twisted it with his tail: "master, I always comfort you."......" It's the cat's sense of how depressed people are.During the meal time, in front of the host, the tail was raised vertically: "give me the food."!" Many cats do the same to strangers.When a man sits, he jumps to a person: "the master is the one to lean on."!"Put your paw on the arm of a person or an animal: "everybody for me, I for everybody."!" The cat said to build offensive and defensive alliance. This body language is the same as men and dogs.Roll over the ground and turn your belly toward people or animals: "come and play with me."!" Dogs may be accepted according to dog language as a fighting game...... Then a new dog chases the cat.With eyes, curled up, and jumped at the target: "it was so much fun."!" Cats usually do so when they jump at a toy they know is false. If the target is real prey, the cat will appear to be more cautious and conscientious.Grab a toy play, the ear towards the front: "my focus is on toys!" If the cat's ears begin to turn around, it indicates that it has begun to feel bored.After the owner stroked the cat, the tail of the cat stood up and shook it: "to confirm the special relationship with the host.". This means that the cat thinks the person stroking it is "special", and others can't compare it to the occasional food person.After the master stroked the cat, the cat licked the place where it was stroked: the cat was remembering the human taste because it feared that it would not find its master after the separation. Many people mistake this cat for its own dirty.The cat in the near distance staring at the master's eyes, stare for a while after the eyes narrowed, then slowly open, staring at the master: the human equivalent of "kiss". Cats do this only when they are very close to their owners and are satisfied with it.The cat ran to the master side, drill into the master of sight, constantly meow: "I'm shameful!" A cat in shame or after the trouble to do so.When the host scolds the cat, the cat sits on the ground, looks left, looks right, just does not look up at the host: "dare not look directly at the owner's eyes."......" The cat has known its mistake and repented. This action is often mistaken for the master's scolding. Instead, look up at your host and say youdon't know where you are wrong.The host has a sickness reaction,The cat came together and called softly, or patted and rubbed his master: "I know you are sick, and I will comfort you."......" Cats usually understand their ailments after they have had the same symptoms, such as a cat that gets a cold when the host sneezes.Prey on the host: if the cat chases the owner and urges the owner to accept the game, the cat is more likely to try to learn how to feed the cat. If the cat will prey neatly stacked, stay and wait for the owner in the game before, said the cat is more out of respect for the owner.Lift a paw, open your mouth, issued the "s" sound, a cat's ears, flat on the head, beard back, dilated pupils, tail bending up: "I want to self-defense!"The back of the lip was growling, the ears cocked, the back bent, the whiskers forward, the pupils narrowed, the tail pressed against the body, or slapped on the ground: "I'm going to attack."!"The whole body is curled up, the pupil enlargement, sends "meow" sound: "I am afraid, you still can't?" Don't hurt me." It's the most common activity a cat meets with a stranger and is often mistaken for a clever performance.Open your mouth, your tongue is in the shape of a cylinder, andout of the heat, "you should give in to me."!"Stand up with the foot, ear toward the tail end forward, down, shake gently: "I am very interested in the things in front, but I don't understand it."Gently, with the tail to move around: "I am in the patrol territory!"Ears forward, pupils dilated, whiskers drooping: "I'm thinking carefully."......" A cat may fall into thinking when she is scolded or seen something she has never seen before. But the result of thinking is often to do foolish things.In sleep, the host hears his name, and swings his tail: "I hear, single, lazy."."The ears are erect, the pupils dilated, and the mouth slightly open: "it smells as if you have smelled something to eat."!"A "toot" sound, with the master: This is the cat paw fondle to cat for milk action, if used in the human body, is hungry, it could be especially pointed out the need to drink milk.The cat raise the buttocks, legs step: a cat to male courtship.The cat cat in front of rolling, splayed toes, claws stretch: the cat said not pregnant, continue to love.After the kitten is able to walk on her own, she raises her tail horizontally: she asks the kitten to walk herself, and from thetip of her tail to the tail.The cat was looking for, want to rely on in what place, constantly meow kitten: feel lonely. In general, it is necessary to find other kittens to rest with each other and stop shouting.The cat tail straight up his ass in front of a cat, or a master, meow calls: cat poop, need the cat lick ass. If there is no cat, the owner can use a wet cotton swab rubbed the kitten's asshole.The kitten's tail rises up and ears forward: the kitten has known the cat's request and is executing it.。
------版权信息书名：猫：英汉双语版作者：［英］T.S.艾略特ISBN：9787532758203译者：费元洪责任编辑：李小蓉 陆亚平产品经理：邵明鉴音乐剧《猫》中文版即将登场，让我勾起了往日的“回忆”。
翻译音乐剧剧本，是从2002年《悲惨世界》开始的，而翻译《猫》剧本，却最不像剧本的翻译，因为它是由一首首诗所构成的，时而俏皮、时而幽默、时而悲伤，却没有故事。
回忆翻译的过程，感觉既缺少动人肺腑的煽情语句，也没有逻辑严密的情节，让我真是翻到哪儿是哪儿，完全没有平常在翻译剧本时被催着的感觉。
现在想来，这也许是翻译诗歌时该有的节奏。
只是，我不是个诗人，更没有诗人的才情，大诗人艾略特的诗作被我翻译下来，我也感到惭愧。
好在但丁曾说：“诗是无法被翻译的”，我也就以此自慰了。
诗人艾略特写的是一只只猫，折射的却是一个个的人与世态。
富贵猫巴斯特弗·琼斯带你感受的是圣·詹姆斯大街的富人生活；铁路猫史金波旋克斯让我们看到了英国中产阶级工人的勤劳与上进；犯罪猫麦卡维蒂可以联想到《福尔摩斯》中老谋深算的莫里亚蒂教授，而剧院猫格斯则描绘了一副年老色衰、风光不再的凄凉画面……就是这样一部没有任何剧情的诗作，竟能被改编为音乐剧，并一度成为世界演出时间最长的音乐剧，足见音乐剧的成功是没有绝对章法可循的。
在2003年《猫》第一次来到上海时，我正在上海音乐学院读书，演出前正值SARS非典横行，全国人心惶惶。
上海的疫情相比北京好得多。
为稳定人心，上海做出了《猫》照常演出的决定。
于是有趣的一幕发生了，演出时，观众席坐满了一个个戴着白花花口罩的观众。
在这样的“危险”环境下，我受命为《猫》打现场字幕。
记得第一天去打字幕时，我也和很多观众一样，戴着口罩。
当走进打字幕的灯光室后才发现，所有大剧院的工作人员没一个像我这样“贪生怕死”的，于是我只得灰溜溜地把口罩摘了去。
整整53场《猫》的字幕是我一个人打的。
一开始还很新鲜，十几场过后，我也开始感到腻味了。
