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以太坊白皮书中文版当中本聪在2009年1月启动比特币区块链时，他同时向世界引入了两种未经测试的革命性的新概念。
第一种就是比特币（bitcoin），一种去中心化的点对点的网上货币，在没有任何资产担保、内在价值或者中心发行者的情况下维持着价值。
到目前为止，比特币已经吸引了大量的公众注意力, 就政治方面而言，它是一种没有中央银行的货币，并且有着剧烈的价格波动。
然而，中本聪的伟大试验还有与比特币同等重要的一部分：基于工作量证明的区块链概念使得人们可以就交易顺序达成共识。
作为应用的比特币可以被描述为一个先申请（first-to-file）系统：如果某人有50BTC并且同时向A和B发送这50BTC，只有被首先确认的交易才会生效。
没有固有方法可以决定两笔交易哪一笔先到，这个问题阻碍了去中心化数字货币的发展许多年。
中本聪的区块链是第一个可靠的去中心化解决办法。
现在，开发者们的注意力开始迅速地转向比特币技术的第二部分，区块链怎样应用于货币以外的领域。
常被提及的应用，包括使用链上数字资产来代表定制货币和金融工具（彩色币），某种基础物理设备的所有权（智能资产），如域名一样的没有可替代性的资产（域名币）以及如去中心化交易所，金融衍生品，点到点赌博和链上身份和信誉系统等更高级的应用。
另一个常被问询的重要领域是“智能合约”- 根据事先任意制订的规则来自动转移数字资产的系统。
例如，一个人可能有一个存储合约，形式为“A可以每天最多提现X个币，B每天最多Y个，A和B一起可以随意提取，A可以停掉B 的提现权”。
这种合约的符合逻辑的扩展就是去中心化自治组织（DAOs）-长期的包含一个组织的资产并把组织的规则编码的智能合约。
以太坊的目标就是提供一个带有内置的成熟的图灵完备语言的区块链，用这种语言可以创建合约来编码任意状态转换功能，用户只要简单地用几行代码来实现逻辑，就能够创建以上提及的所有系统以及许多我们还想象不到的的其它系统。
目录● 历史○作为状态转换系统的比特币○挖矿○默克尔树○替代区块链应用○脚本● 以太坊○以太坊账户○消息和交易○以太坊状态转换功能○代码执行○区块链和挖矿● 应用○令牌系统○金融衍生品○身份和信誉系统○去中心化文件存储○去中心化自治组织○进一步的应用● 杂项和关注○改进版幽灵协议的实施○费用○计算和图灵完备○货币和发行○挖矿的中心化○扩展性● 综述：去中心化应用● 结论● 注解和进阶阅读－－－－历史去中心化的数字货币概念，正如财产登记这样的替代应用一样，早在几十年以前就被提出来了。
2024年3月 上海对外经贸大学学报 Mar. 2024第31卷第2期 Journal of SUIBE Vol.31 No.2111黄郑亮（工业和信息化部国际经济技术合作中心工业经济研究所，北京100804）2021年后，“元宇宙”（Metaverse，也译“元界”）一词突然火爆，诸多行业为之狂热。
大型科技公司率先对元宇宙展开探索：从R ob lo x公司成功在纽约证券交易所上市，被业内视为“元宇宙第一股”，到Facebook高调改名为Meta，彻底引爆元宇宙概念，再到欧美投资市场出现“元宇宙”板块，诸多上市公司开始借此炒作股价，元宇宙不仅成为大型科技公司的聚焦对象，也成为各行业、社会、政府关注的焦点。
面对新科技的飞速发展以及引起的诸多变化，我国企业也纷纷开始行动，腾讯、阿里巴巴、字节跳动等企业相继发布自己的元宇宙产业布局。
2023年6月，中国移动宣布启动元宇宙产业联盟，公布了首批24家联盟成员，以促进元宇宙产业生态的构建。
随后的8月29日，我国工信部、教育部、文旅部等五部门联合印发《元宇宙产业创新发展三年行动计划（2023—2025年）》，提出到2025年我国元宇宙技术、产业、应用、治理等取得突破，明确构建先进的元宇宙技术和产业体系、培育三维交互的工业元宇宙、打造沉浸交互数字生活应用、构建系统完备产业支撑、构建安全可信产业治理体系五大重点任务。
在企业、政府等纷纷加入元宇宙发展浪潮之际，如何解摘 要：元宇宙开启了人类探索虚拟现实、前沿技术集成与新兴产业生态的破壁之路。
目前，全球产业链逐渐开启了结构性调整，出现了先进技术产业化转型、产业组织一体化程度加深以及产业供需走向无限化等趋势，这些因素共同构成了元宇宙产业兴起的底层逻辑。
在技术、组织、供需变革的推动下，元宇宙产业发展阶段和规律表现为：以万物数字化为起点，突破物理世界与虚拟世界的瓶颈，最终塑造新的产业认知逻辑。
我国在万物数字化阶段已取得诸多实质性进展，正处于向虚拟现实升级的转型阶段。
Aeternity区块链白皮书去信任、去中心化、可靠预言机披露稿2016年12月8日Zackary Hesszack@Yanislav Malahovyani@Jack Petterssonjack@摘要自2014年以太坊诞生以来，去中心化去信任应用（智能合约）引起的兴趣便日益高涨。
自然，许多人试图将现实世界的数据引入区块链来实现各类应用。
我们认为将应用的状态和代码在链上储存是错误的做法，并解释了多个原因。
我们将呈现一个高度可扩容的区块链架构，以及一个也可以被用来检视预言机(oracle)的共识机制。
这将使得预言机变得非常高效（廉价），因为它将避免共识机制重叠使用的情况。
状态通道将得到整合，从而提升隐私性和可扩容性。
通道中的代币可以用完全可靠的、可以访问预言机答案的智能合约来进行传输。
合约代码或状态将不会在链上储存，因此使得智能合约更容易分析、处理速度也会加快，而实际功能性并不会遭受显著损失。
自创资产和预测市场这样的应用可以高效地在全球规模上进行部署。
某些部分已经有使用Erlang语言编写的概念验证实现了。
而诸如钱包和命名与身份系统这样的开发工具和应用必需品也将会一并提供。
目录摘要 (1)1.介绍 (3)1.1前期工作 (3)2.Aeternity区块链 (3)2.1代币，账户与区块 (4)2.1.1访问代币Aeon (4)2.1.2账户 (4)2.1.3命名系统 (5)2.1.4区块内容 (5)2.2状态通道 (5)2.2.1智能合约 (6)2.2.2示例 (8)2.3共识机制 (8)2.3.1预言机 (9)2.4治理 (9)2.5可扩容性 (10)2.5.1分片树(Sharding Trees) (10)2.5.2轻客户端 (10)2.5.3状态通道与平行主义(parallelism) (10)2.5.4给定记忆要求下的TPS (10)3.应用 (11)3.1区块链基础工具 (11)3.1.1身份 (11)3.1.2钱包 (12)3.1.3存在证明 (12)3.2状态通道应用 (12)3.2.1收费API (12)3.2.2安全众筹 (12)3.2.3跨链原子级互换 (12)3.2.4稳定价值资产与投资组合复制 (12)3.2.5事件合约 (12)3.2.6预测市场 (13)3.2.7特定定价的批量交易(batch trading)市场 (14)4.实现 (16)4.1虚拟机与合约语言 (16)4.2通过web整合实现行业采纳 (17)4.3开源模块 (17)4.4可用性与用户体验设计 (17)5.讨论 (17)5.1限制与权衡 (17)5.1.1链上状态 (17)5.1.2免费期权问题 (17)5.1.3流动性损失与状态通道拓扑结构 (18)5.2未来的工作 (18)5.2.1可实用的合约语言 (18)5.2.2多方通道 (18)词汇对照表 (18)致谢 (19)参考 (19)1.介绍本文旨在对Aeternity区块链的架构和可能的应用进行总览。
2023年1月1日——顾问——宋南平：中国科技新闻学会理事长、中国科协原书记处书记闵令超：中国互联网新闻中心副主任蔡维德：北京航空航天大学数字社会与区块链实验室主任——特约编审——许英：中国科技新闻学会副理事长兼秘书长杨曦沦：《中国科技信息》杂志社社长杨溟：新华网融媒体未来研究院院长——撰稿——张小平中国科技新闻学会元宇宙科技传播专业委员会秘书长——专业支持——CICG元宇宙国际传播实验室北京信息产业协会元宇宙专家委员会上海新榜信息技术股份有限公司北京开卷信息技术有限公司北京学说科技有限公司北京国信品牌评价科学研究院微智库（北京）信息技术有限公司目录1. 前言：推动元宇宙发展的四大传播力量52. 元宇宙图书传播：未来新世界的架构力6 2.1. “2021-2022中国元宇宙科技传播图书影响力榜”（TOP 100）6 2.2. 元宇宙图书榜单数据解析9（1）三大“元宇宙用户群”：经济理论、金融投资、技术应用9 （2）三大“元宇宙出版社”：中译出版社、电子工业出版社、中信出版集团10 （3）三大“元宇宙作者”：赵国栋、邢杰、焦娟11 2.3. “十大最具影响力元宇宙图书”解读11（1）贡献一：对元宇宙新技术框架的搭建12 （2）贡献二：对元宇宙新商业模型的构建12 （3）贡献三：对元宇宙新文明的探索13 3、元宇宙白皮书传播：新兴产业的助推力14 3.1. “2022元宇宙科技传播白皮书年度榜”（TOP30）14 3.2. 元宇宙白皮书榜单数据解析14（1）社团组织：推动元宇宙发展的“排头兵”14 （2）研究机构：推动元宇宙发展的中坚力量15 （3）商业公司：推动元宇宙发展的市场力量15 3.3. 元宇宙白皮书影响力解读15（1）聚焦一：内容最厚重的元宇宙白皮书15 （2）聚焦二：影响最广泛的元宇宙白皮书16 （3）聚焦三：布局最超前的元宇宙白皮书16 4．元宇宙新媒体传播：共识与协同的链接力174.1. “2022元宇宙科技传播新媒体影响力榜”（TOP 100）17 4.2. 元宇宙新媒体榜单数据解析20（1）十大最勤奋的“元宇宙公众号”21 （2）十大阅读量最大的“元宇宙公众号”21（3）拥有“元宇宙公众号” 最多的三大城市：北京、上海、深圳21 4.3. “十大最具影响力元宇宙新媒体”解读22（1）聚焦一：最具链接力的“元宇宙新媒体”：量子位22 （2）聚焦二：最具DAO组织形态的“元宇宙新媒体”：Datawhale（数据鲸）23 （3）聚焦三：综合度最高的“元宇宙新媒体”：NFT中文社区23 5．元宇宙学术论文传播：应用与科普的支撑力24 5.1. “2022元宇宙科技传播学术论文影响力榜”（TOP 10-20）24（1）中国元宇宙论文学科分布24 （2）中国元宇宙论文机构分布25 （3）中国元宇宙最具影响力期刊分布25 （4）中国元宇宙最具影响力学者265.2. 20位最具影响力学者代表作276. “千帆竞发，百舸争流：2022年中国元宇宙大事件100”297. 展望：数字新动能，催生元宇宙新文明361. 前言：推动元宇宙发展的四大传播力量站在2022年岁末回望，年度关键词当属“传播”一词。
|WhitepaperA Buyer’s Guide for Digital Risk Protection Criteria for selecting the DRP platform that best protects your digital footprintToday, public and digital risks are issues facing every organization with a digital footprint, which includes any organization that conducts business online, or promotes its brand and products on the web, or has customers reviewing or commenting on its offerings on social media platforms.The public attack surface includes many digital risks that can be categorized as follows:• Campaigns of theft and fraud targeting an organization’s customers, using techniques like spoofed websites and social media accounts, phishing campaigns, and fake mobile apps. Cybercriminals use these tools to defraud the organization’s customers, sell them counterfeit and pirated goods, and capture credentials used for identity theft.• Attacks on the reputation of an organization, through false information on social media sites, fake reviews, and taking over social media accounts of the organization and its executives in order to post offensive content.• Attacks against an organization’s IT infrastructure and its employees, leading to the theft of customer data, intellectual property (IP), media content, software, employee data and credentials, and other valuable assets.The impacts of these threats include damage to reputation and brand value, loss of customer trust, reduced revenues, regulatory fines, breach notification costs, and disruption of operations.1The wide world of digital risksA Digital Risk Protection (DRP) program can protect organizations from cyber, brand, and physical threats. By monitoring social media and the surface, deep and dark webs, IT security and fraud prevention teams can detect evidence of active attacks, successful data breaches and social media account takeovers, and planned campaigns by cybercriminals, hacktivists, state-sponsored hackers. They can also find indications of harmful actions by disgruntled (or merely careless) employees and customers.An effective DRP program enables an organization to respond quickly to digital threats by taking down fraudulent websites, ads, and social media accounts, notifying review sites and online forums about false and misleading postings, and alerting online marketplaces and app stores to counterfeit merchandise and fake mobile apps. It should also provide IT groups with current threat intelligence so they can prevent data breaches by deactivating compromised user accounts, revoking stolen credentials, and strengthening security controls.The value of Digital Risk Protection (DRP) programsIntroductionFor a comprehensive overview of digital risks and their impacts, see the ZeroFOX white paper “A Taxonomy of Digital Threats” at https:///resources/taxonomy-of-digital-threats/.It is extremely difficult to create an effective DRP program with manual methods. There are far too many social media platforms and websites to monitor with conventional search tools, even with a large staff of trained analysts. Critical information may be hidden in deep and dark web sites that are hard to find and access. Threat actors exchange not only in English but in languages like Russian, Chinese, Indonesian, and Arabic. Text searches are not enough, because many fraud and phishing campaigns disguise malicious content in images and video.To address these challenges, many organizations have turned to DRP platforms and managed services. These provide the benefits of state-of-the-art tools and highly trained staffs, delivered in a scalable services model. In addition, security teams can rely on the DRP platform service provider to enhance technology and workflows as their digital footprint expands and the threat environment evolves.But the DRP field is new, and it can be hard to distinguish between the solutions that have come on the market. This guide is intended to help by suggesting criteria you can use to select the platform that best protects your public attack surface, digital assets and brand.Criteria for selecting the right solution for your organization’s DRP needsWe will review three topics related to the scope of DRP platforms:1. Breadth of social and digital platforms monitored2. Protection of the complete digital footprint3. Capabilities for remediation and take downAfter that, we will drill down into critical capabilities in three areas:4. AI-based tools for advanced analysis5. Global threat intelligence and research6. Automation and ease of managementDRP platforms and managed services provide the benefits of state-of-the-art tools and highly trained staffs, delivered in a scalable services model.Information security groups have extensive investments in staff and programs for detecting Indicators of Compromise (IOCs) on their own network and systems. These are critical for stopping attacks against the organization’s IT infrastructure and its employees.But most enterprises have little experience monitoring social networks, online marketplaces, discussion forums and review websites, and deep and dark websites. They also lack tools that handle these tasks at scale. For example, when it comes to detecting threats on social media platforms and discussion forums, conventional search engines like Google and Bing:• Are unable to discern benign from the truly bad, and hence generate massive numbers of false positives • Provide little if any context to guide investigation into digital threats• Have no access at all to deep and dark websites (by definition, these are not indexable or even accessible)•Are geared for manual searches and therefore are labor intensive and do not scale wellAs a result, enterprises have little visibility into the platforms that threat actors use to perpetrate frauds on customers, sell counterfeit and pirated goods, capture credentials from customers and employees, and disseminate false information about the organization, its products, and its executives.DRP solutions are designed to give enterprisescomprehensive visibility into activity on social and digital platforms. When evaluating DRP solutions, be sure to assess the breadth of their coverage. Table 1 shows the types of platforms that a DRP platform should monitor.Criterion 1:Breadth of Social and Digital Platforms MonitoredFor a comprehensive overview of digital risks and their impacts, see the ZeroFOX white paper “A Taxonomy of Digital Threats” at https:///resources/taxonomy-of-digital-threats/.Table 1: Types of platforms a DRP solution should monitorSurface web, deep web, dark web: what’s the difference?The surface web: all websites thatcan be found by conventional searchengines.The deep web: websites and webcontent that cannot be crawled orindexed by search engines, includingdatabases and sites that areprotected by passwords or CAPTCHAtechnology. It is many times the sizeof the surface web.The dark web: a subset of thedeep web where communicationand transactions can be carried outanonymously, typically because theyuse special encryption protocols andbrowsers such as TOR or becausethey require users to be invited orto pass a test. It only contains a fewthousand websites, but most aredifficult to find and access.references to names, brands, products, executives, andemployees associated with the enterprise. Look for solutions that provide visibility into your complete digital footprint, not just parts of it. Table 2 lists the elements of a digital footprint that a DRP platform should be able to monitor.You should also determine if a DRP solution has tools and workflows that make it easy to specify the names, brands, products, executives, logos and images, etc. that you want to monitor, and to create rules for assessing whether their use is legitimate or not.Table 2: Elements of digital footprint a DRP platform should monitor Typosquatting is the practice of registering domains that are the same as legitimate enterprise domain names except for misspellings or odd characters. Typosquat domains are used to attract internet users who mistype the domain name, and as a place to send victims of phishing campaigns who may not recognize that they are not on the enterprise’s website.DRP is not just about detection and analysis. Thoseare very important, but they provide little value unlessthey lead to action to remediate vulnerabilities andtake down web pages and social media posts used by cybercriminals, hacktivists, and state-sponsored hackers.You should consider the degree to which a DRPplatform can automate remediation and takedown activities by sending data and contextual informationto SOC teams and analysts for rapid response and by facilitating automated takedown messages that can besent immediately to social network platforms and website hosts.Table 3 lists some of the types of remediation and takedown actions a DRP platform should be able toinitiate across the organization’s public attack surface. Remediation and Takedown Capabilities Table 3: Remediation and takedown actionsSuccessful remediation and take down depends not just on technology. Each individual social media platform, forum, market, and web hosting site has its own contact point, takedown request process, terms of service, and requirements for evidentiary information. You need to make sure your DRP service provider has the knowledge and experience to handle takedowns for the widest possible range of platforms.A DRP platform should also provide excellent reporting and performance metrics for takedowns, so you can track takedown requests, status, successes and failures, duration, and history.Reporting violations of social media platforms Rules and Terms of ServiceSocial media platforms have separate report forms for each type of violation of their rules and terms of service:• Unauthorized trademark use• Unauthorized use of copyrighted materials • Sale or promotion of counterfeit goods• Privacy policy towards children• Child sexual exploitation: Learn more about our child sexual exploitation policy• Pornography• Impersonation of an individual or brand• Private information posted on social media platform• Abusive behavior and violent threats• Spam and system abuse• Violation of social media platform Ads policy Information required to report a trademark violation to social media platforms• Trademark holder’s name• Trademark holder’s address• Trademark holder’s country• Trademark holder’s website• Trademark holder’s social media platform username (optional)• Trademarked word, symbol• Registration number• Registration office• Direct link to trademark record or trademark search page (optional)• Social media platform account being reported • Description of the confusion with your trademarkExample of rules regarding reporting violations to social media platformsUnfortunately, digital threats are now so numerous, so diverse, and so cleverly concealed, that mere human beings can no longer hope to find and identify them all, even when aided by conventional search engines. DRP platforms are incorporating advanced artificial intelligence (AI) technologies to overcome obfuscation and process huge volumes of data. You should look for DRP solutions and vendors that utilize as many of these advanced technologies as possible to provide agility, scale and offload burdensome analysis tasks from human experts.Table 4 summarizes some of the types of AI that can be used to uncover evidence of digital risks.AI-based Tools for Advanced AnalysisTable 4: Artificial intelligence technologies and their application to DRPNatural language processing (NLP)Analyzes text in multiple languages and derives meaning and intent.Malicious link analysisOptical character recognition (OCR) Object detection/ computer vision (CV)Machine learning (ML)Examines content in social media posts, collaboration tools, email communications, and other channels and detects suspicious links related to malware, phishing, spam, and other threats.Detects characters embedded in images used to mislead viewers, convey false information, and perpetrate fraud.Discovers patterns in large volumes of text and images that can be used to detect and classify digital threats.Compares facial images to detect unauthorized use of pictures of executives and employeesand impersonations.Deepfake detection Analysis at scale Identifies digitally altered images and videos.Ability to evaluate billions of content pieces annually and process millions of data points daily to enrich machine learning and other AI techniques.Deepfake detection is one of the most exciting newapplications of AI for DRP. Click on the image foran overview of the topic, and an introduction toDeepstar, ZeroFOX’s open source contribution toDeepfake detection.Web presentation: Playing Offense and Defense with DeepfakesTable 5: Attributes of effective threat intelligence for DRPAttribute Description Contextual Threat intelligence relevant to your use cases and threat environment.PrioritizedActionableCurated, strategicOption for custom threat analysis Information prioritized by criticality of the threat.Alerts with recommended actions and ‘in-alert’ response options, packaged for semi- or fully-automated response.Finished intelligence about active and emerging threats, with analysis and recommendations by expert research staff.Option to engage a dedicated analyst for custom investigations and special reports.Flexible communication Integration with security tools Options to communicate threat intelligence to analysts and security operations center (SOC) operators via online portals, mobile apps, and email updates.Ability to export threat intelligence and indicators of compromise into SIEMs, threat intelligence platforms (TIPs), security orchestration, automation and response (SOAR) tools, and other security solutions.• DRP provides tactical intelligence, which makes iteasier to demonstrate ROI.”Excerpted from the Forrester Research report TheDigital Risk Protection Market In 2019: The First CyberIntelligence Capability You Should Invest In, by JoshZelonis and Trevor Lyness, April 19, 2019, with permissionfrom Forrester Research.10DRP platforms vary widely in how well they automate workflows and how easy they are to use and manage. Evaluate DRP solutions to see if they automate and streamline essential processes and improve the experience of your analysts and digital security teams.Table 6 lists some of the features of a DRP platform that facilitate automation and easy use and management.Criterion 6:Automation and Ease of ManagementTable 6: DRP solution features for ease of use and process automationYou should now have a solid understanding of the valueof digital risk protection programs and how effective DRP platforms cast a very wide net to detect and remediate risks to your organization’s reputation, revenue, brands, employees, and customers.We hope this guide will help you in your selection to ask the right questions about the DRP solutions and DRP vendors you evaluate. To recap some of the main points:• Assess the breadth of social and digital platforms monitored by the DRP solution, including globaland regional social networks, popular websites, onlineforums, blogs, and review sites, mobile app stores, and code paste sites.• Determine whether the DRP solution will protect your complete digital footprint, including ownedand non-owned social media accounts, domains andwebsites, brand and product names and logos, and your executives and employees.• Examine the DRP solution’s remediation and takedown capabilities, in particular its ability toefficiently initiate and quickly complete takedownsand appropriate resolution steps with social mediaplatforms, owned social media accounts (in case ofaccount takeover), domains, and surface, deep and dark web forums and websites.• Review the DRP solution’s use of artificialintelligence-based technologies such as naturallanguage processing, machine learning, malicious linkanalysis, object detection, image comparison, anddeepfake detection.• Verify that the DRP solution or provider is able to produce and use contextual, prioritized, actionable threat intelligence and provides options for curatedstrategic intelligence and custom investigations.• Evaluate the DRP solution for automation and ease of management features such as API connections tosocial media and web platforms, simple rule creation, an excellent user interface, and an at-a-glance dashboardwith drill-down capabilities.How to Select the Right Platform for Social Media and Digital Risk Protection For more information please visit 12。
20但是，它可能也是你面对的最大的商业陷阱在元宇宙中找商业机会你得先清楚地搞懂，元宇宙到底是什么？概念Metaverse的概念最初来源于1992年美国科幻小说家尼奥•斯蒂文森的《雪崩》，描述了一个平行现实世界的网络世界-Metaverse，所有现实世界的人在Metaverse中都有一个化身，在其中交往和生活。
《雪崩》的故事背景是全球经济崩溃之后的未来时期，世界各地由巨型企业管理，整个设定也具有赛博朋克风。
故事的主角弘在现实世界是一名驾驶着电动汽车为黑社会送披萨的外卖员兼黑客，而在虚拟世界Metaverse中则是一名传奇刀客。
书中的Metaverse就是一个周长65536公里的巨大城市，沿着一条100米宽的道路两侧的土地可供购买并开发不同的建筑，用户可以使用个人电脑或是公共空间的电脑接入Metaverse并在其中以化身生活。
没错，Metaverse元宇宙的概念来自于科幻小说可以说，元宇宙将是人类数字化生存的最高形态2003 年发布的《Second Life》是历史上第一个现象级的虚拟世界，其拥有世界编辑功能与发达的虚拟经济系统：用户可以在其中社交、购物、建造、进行商业活动等。
2019年12月，电影新作《星球大战：天行者崛起》的独家预告片在《堡垒之夜》游戏内的露天影院内首播；2020年4月，Epic Games 旗下射击游戏《堡垒之夜》为美国嘻哈歌手 Travis Scott 在游戏中举办了一场线上虚拟演唱会，吸引了超过1200万名玩家参加，创造了游戏史上最高同时在线观看人数的记录；2020年6月，堡垒之夜玩家可以在游戏中免费观看一部诺兰的电影，开启虚拟场景下看电影之先河。
2021年3月，Roblox的上市让Metaverse元宇宙概念引爆市场，近40亿美元市值彻底打幵了“元宇宙”行业的想象空间。
●社交●沉浸感●低延迟●多元化●随地●经济系统●文明Roblox身份：参与者拥有一个虚拟身份形象，可与其真实世界身份无关或有关。
元界创世之柱技术⽩⽪书关键词(Key words)混合共识，双链架构，MST可挖矿，解决51%攻击，解决not hing at st ake，函数式智能合约，去中⼼化信⽤系统摘要(Abstract)元界创世之柱MPC（Met averse Pillars Of Creat ion）是继SuperNova之后的下⼀个⼤版本，将⽀持混合共识算法（PoW+PoS+DPoS）三算法同时⽣效的共识机制，这种共识机制可以避免PoW的51%攻击，也可以避免PoS的not hing at st ake攻击，在⽀持混合共识的同时，这些共识算还可以⽀持MST可挖矿。
同时我们将开放全新的基于元界数字身份的MARS系统（Met averse Avat ars Reput at ion Syst em），MARS系统是基于元界的开放式的去中⼼化的社会化的信⽤系统。
在初版⽩⽪书（Draft）中，我们描述了⼀种智能资产，智能资产的实现将基于可被验证的智能合约模板，我们也将在MPC中实现这种可编程的智能资产。
设计和实现上述功能的同时，我们将为元界提供Binary-Port-Chain，⽤于提供标准数字身份服务和基于元界函数式智能合约的容器服务，帮助企业快速对接元界主链，属于双链系统，我们称之为双⼦星系统（Met averse Binary Syst em）。
我们将MPC将分为两个⼦阶段，第⼀⼦阶段我们主要升级共识算法、提供MST挖矿以及MARS系统，第⼆⼦阶段我们主要实现可编程的智能资产和双⼦星系统（Met averse Binary Syst em）。
前⾔元界核⼼团队将元界的发展⼤致分为四个阶段，第⼀阶段是First Release（2017.Feb~2018.Jul），发⾏了ET P，提供了基础数字资产功能；第⼆阶段是SuperNova（2018.Jul~2019.Mar)，升级了数字资产的功能，新增了数字身份；第三阶段是PillarsOfCreat ion（2019.Mar~2020)，提升T PS，升级数字身份的，新增智能资产；第五阶段Galaxy（2020~），微通胀的宏观经济模型，⾯向区块链数据，为⼈⼯智能提供数字身份和智能资产标准服务协议。
2022中国元宇宙产业投资白皮书前沿 PREFACE3元宇宙玩家中国元宇宙产业投资白皮书2022 China Metaverse Industry Investment White Paper前沿 PREFACE 42021年以来，元宇宙概念在全球范围迎来投资热潮。
国内外科技巨头、投资机构争相对元宇宙进行布局。
每一次技术大变革都蕴藏着新的时代机遇，给创新创业者带来重塑商业格局的新机会。
元宇宙的提出让人们对未来数字新世界的建立有了全新的憧憬。
据睿兽分析数据显示，2022年，一级市场对元宇宙的投资热情正在持续升温。
2022年一季度，在全球元宇宙相关领域中，仅VR/AR与区块链两个细分赛道，融资事件达到277起，涉及273家创业公司。
总融资金额达到525.65亿元人民币，对比去年同期增长66.5%。
全球共682家机构参与投资，去年同期内参与投资机构数量为466家。
其中，中国在元宇宙相关领域的投融资事件共49起，涉及48家公司。
融资总额66.06亿元人民币，较去年同期翻番，同比增长108.1%，增速高于全球。
参与投资机构数量也从去年的83家增长到110家。
作为数字化技术发展的方向，元宇宙被认为能够重塑人类的生产、生活方式和社会关系，并带来一场颠覆性的时代变革。
但由于对元宇宙的认知尚处于早期阶段，人们对元宇宙的理解和定义仍然缺少共识。
有投资人认为，元宇宙即是空间互联网，包括贯穿真实和虚拟世界的个性化数字体验；也有投资人把元宇宙看做是人类社会的终极形态，而虚拟世界则是通往终点的道路。
我们需要建设怎样的元宇宙？元宇宙会带来怎样的创投机会？这是对未来技术投资前，亟待解答的问题。
为此，创业邦联合XR产业投资联盟，走访高通创投、联想创投、弘毅投资、顺为资本、GGV纪源资本、英诺天使基金、梅花创投、洪泰基金、经纬创投、创新工场、北极光创投、蓝驰创投等多家投资机构，推出“元宇宙投资观察”专题报道，并发布《2022中国元宇宙产业投资白皮书》（以下简称“白皮书”）。
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文档下载后可定制随意修改，请根据实际需要进行相应的调整和使用，谢谢!并且，本店铺为大家提供各种各样类型的实用资料，如教育随笔、日记赏析、句子摘抄、古诗大全、经典美文、话题作文、工作总结、词语解析、文案摘录、其他资料等等，如想了解不同资料格式和写法，敬请关注!Download tips: This document is carefully compiled by theeditor. I hope that after you download them,they can help yousolve practical problems. The document can be customized andmodified after downloading,please adjust and use it according toactual needs, thank you!In addition, our shop provides you with various types ofpractical materials,such as educational essays, diaryappreciation,sentence excerpts,ancient poems,classic articles,topic composition,work summary,word parsing,copyexcerpts,other materials and so on,want to know different data formats andwriting methods,please pay attention!The metaverse is a virtual reality space where users can interact with a computer-generated environment and other users. It's like a giant, immersive video game where anything is possible. People can socialize, work, play, and create in the metaverse. It's a whole new world waiting to be explored.In the metaverse, you can be anyone you want to be. You can create a virtual avatar that looks just like you, or you can choose to be someone completely different. The possibilities are endless. You can also explore virtual environments that are out of this world, from futuristic cities to fantasy landscapes. It's like stepping into a dream.One of the most exciting things about the metaverse is the potential for new forms of entertainment. Imagine watching a concert or a movie in a virtual space, where the possibilities are limited only by your imagination. Youcould be sitting in the front row of a virtual stadium, or flying through space while watching a film. The entertainment options in the metaverse are truly limitless.The metaverse also has the potential to revolutionize the way we work. Instead of commuting to an office, you could work from the comfort of your own home in a virtual workspace. You could collaborate with colleagues from around the world as if they were sitting right next to you. The metaverse could make remote work more immersive and interactive than ever before.Of course, the metaverse also raises important questions about privacy and security. When you're interacting in a virtual space, who has access to your personal information? How can we ensure that the metaverse is a safe and inclusive environment for everyone? These are important issues that will need to be addressed as the metaverse continues to develop.In conclusion, the metaverse is an exciting and potentially transformative new frontier. It offers endlesspossibilities for entertainment, socializing, work, and creativity. As technology continues to advance, the metaverse will only become more immersive and interactive. It's a brave new world, waiting to be explored.。
