新版轮机英语

• In cargo spaces, proper stowage堆装物 and ventilation should prevent overheating and possible spontaneous combustion自燃 • 在货舱，妥善堆放货物和有效通风可防止过热和 可能自燃的发生。 • and providing no cigarette ends or unextinguished matches are drop among the cargo, it will be safe. • 倘若在货舱中没有丢弃的烟头或未熄灭的火柴， 货舱将会是安全的。
• Heat from the electric light bulb电灯泡 itself can ignite combustible material（可燃物） and this is an all too common cause of fire. Makeshift代用 品 paper shades, deeply charred严重地烧焦, have been found in cabins（居住舱室） and the occupants（居住者） seem to have been blissfully幸福地 unaware of the danger. • 来自电灯泡本身的热量就可点燃可燃物，这也是火 灾发生的一个常见原因。在居住舱室中发现临时使 用的简易纸质灯罩已严重烧焦，而住居者还（满脸） 幸福地，似乎没意识到危险。
• Many fires have originated in ships' galleys 在船舶厨房 , generally because of overheated pans of fat catching fire, but sometimes because of oil leakage where oil fired cooking stoves were fitted. • 船上厨房间引起的火灾，通常是加热肉类 脂肪的锅过热而引起的，也有是因为在烹 饪中油的漏洒。

The cylinder liner has drillings for cylinder lubrication （ 润 滑）, and, in later types（新 型）, has drillings for cooling
water at the uppermost part of
it.
by a cylinder cover, made of a special heat-resistant steel (耐热 钢).
The cover is mounted against a flat
surface at the top of the cylinder liner and located（定位） on the
turned( 机 加 工 的 ， 切 削 ) in the
liners.
In the part of the cylinder liner inside the scavenging air box there is a series of openings known as scavenging air ports.
somewhat down in the scavenging
air box, and sealing between the
liner and the top of the scavenging
air box is achieved by the rubber rings （ 橡 胶 圈 ） fitted into the slots （ 缝 ， 狭 槽 ） machine-
Lesson 3
Diesel Engine Construction
理解柴油机的主要固定件 理解柴油机的主要运动件 活塞的冷却

Jimei university
Fuel injector Exhaust valve Inlet valve Combustion chamber Piston ring Piston pin Piston Cylinder crankshaft Crank web Connecting rod
Cylinders and Covers On top of scavenging air box is mounted a strong cast iron frame for each cylinder.
These frames are known as cylinder blocks （ 汽 缸 体 ） or cooling jackets(冷却水套 which 冷却水套), 冷却水套 are provided with vertical flanges enabling them to be bolted together in the foremost and aftmost groups in the same way as the scavenging air boxes.
The bedplate, frames and cylinder blocks are secured together by long tie-rods （ 贯 穿 螺 栓 ） to rigid achieve a greater construction(刚性结构 with less 刚性结构) 刚性结构 deformation(变形 in service and 变形) 变形 lower vibration.
The cylinder liners （ 气 缸 套 ） are made of alloyed（合金的） （合金的） cast iron and the cylinder surfaces are sometimes chromium-plated(镀铬 镀铬). 镀铬

The purified fuel tanks to be raised to the required temperature.
Switch on the power to various auxiliaries and to the control console（控制台）.
2. Check that all valves in the various systems are operational and check the jacket water and lubricating pumps. Any leaks to be rectified(修 复) immediately（立即instant）.
LESSON 34
PREPARATION FOR STAND-BY
When instructions (指令） have been received that the main engine is to be prepared for running the following procedure（程序） for any make of marine diesel engine should be followed（遵循）:
On engines having oil cooled pistons the lubricating oil preheater must be put into operation
and the rate of heating so arranged that the temperature of the piston cooling oil returns are 32 to 35℃ over a period of at least two hours.