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British Religion

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British ReligionThere is complete religious freedom in Britain. Religion has always played an important part in the national way of life and this is still true today, though changes are taking place and will continue to do so.The Church of EnglandThe Archbishop of Canterbury is the Primate of all England, that is to say, he is the spiritual leader of the Church of England. After him, the Archbishop of Y ork is called the Primate of England and under these two archbishops come a number of bishops. England is divided into forty-two districts called dioceses, each with a bishop in charge and a cathedral as the central church. A diocese is divided into smaller districts called parishes. These vary in size, a large town having a number of parishes and a village being a single parish. Each parish is in the care of a priest, who is called either a vicar or a rector. A vicar with a large parish may have an assistant priest called a curate to help him.The Church of England (or the Anglican Church) is the national church in England. The Church of England, and the monarch's relation to it, was established through a series of Parliamentary acts in the 1530s, which brought about the English Reformation. Henry Ⅷbroke from the Roman Catholic Church by denying papal claims to ecclesiastical or any other jurisdiction, and by declaring himself rather than the Pope as Supreme Head of the Church in England. The Preface to the 39 Articles of the Church of England describes the monarch as 'being by God's Ordinance, according to our just Title, Defender of the Faith and ... Supreme Governor of the Church of England.' The Monarch must be in communion with the Church of England (i.e. a full, confirmed member) and, in his or her coronation oath, the monarch promises to maintain the Church.There are many examples of the relationship between the established Church and the State. Archbishops and bishops are appointed by the Queen on the advice of the Prime Minister, who considers the names selected by a Church Commission. They take an oath of allegiance to the Queen on appointment and may not resign without royal authority. The connection between Church and State is also symbolized by the fact that the Lords Spiritual (consisting of the Archbishops of Canterbury and Y ork and 24 diocesan bishops) sit in the House of Lords. Parish priests also take an oath of allegiance to the Queen.The General Synod (including the bishops, elected representatives from the clergy and the laity) is the supreme authority of the Church of England. The Queen opens the Synod after the elections in the dioceses every five years. Since 1919, the Synod (formerly called the Church Assembly) has had the power (delegated by Parliament) to pass Measures on any matter concerning the Church of England. Following acceptance of the Measures by both Houses of Parliament (which cannot amend them, nor - by convention - initiate or discuss ecclesiastical Measures, as many members of both Houses do not belong to the Church of England), the Measures are submitted for Royal Assent and become law. In addition to legislating for the Church by Measure, the General Synod has the power to legislate by Canon in its own domestic affairs such as worship and doctrine, but the Queen's assent is required for the promulgation of such Canons. Such assent is given on the Home Secretary's advice.Many people would say that the Church of England today is both Protestant and Catholic;there is certainly a great variety of beliefs and practices within the Church. A look at some church notice-boards might confuse anyone unfamiliar with the differences between high church and low church. A look inside the churches would probably add to the confusion. A visitor entering a high church at, say, ten o'clock on a Sunday morning might find a high (sung) mass in progress and think he had entered a Roman Catholic church (the name Anglo-Catholic is sometimes used for this kind of church). The church would probably be highly decorated, the priests would be wearing various kinds of robes, people would light candles to the Virgin Mary and go to the priests for confession. By contrast, a low church service would be as simple as possible; there would be no ceremony, no candles, no private confessions and the church would look rather bare. It would seem to have more in common with the nonconformist churches. Between these two extremes there are churches with more or less ceremony, depending mainly on the views of the vicar in charge. Some Anglican priests have broken away from tradition to the extent that in some services they introduce new religious songs, composed by young people who accompany them on guitars in the church. They also use the church as a place where people can discuss the problems of everyday life; in other words, these priests want the church to become a meeting place in a wider sense, not simply for the more traditional type of religious service.Religion宗教1. Everyone in Britain has the right to religious freedom with out interference from the community or the State. He may change his religion at will may manifest his faith in teaching, worship and observance. Except that the Lord Chancellor may be a Roman Catholic, public offices are open without distinction to members of all churches or none.在英国，人人都有信仰宗教的权利，社会和政府不得干涉。

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英国宗教-British-Religion课件

英国宗教-British-Religion课件

Why has religion declined in Britain during the present century?
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Jesus and Mary
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The Apostle's Creed
I believe in God the Father Almighty,
Maker of heaven and earth.
And in Jesus Christ,
His only Son, our Lord;
Who was conceived by the Holy Spirit,
Born of the Virgin Mary,
Suffered under Pontius Pilate,
Was crucified, died and was buried.
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Major Protestant sects in Britain
Church of England (Anglican Church) Nonconformist’ Churches:
Methodist Church, Congregational Church and Baptist Church Other smaller sects: Christian Scientists, Seven-Day Adventists…
In AD 597: St Augustine founded the ecclesiastical(教会的)capital of Canterbury
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Conflicts & division between the two branches of Christianity:
religion

religion


• In the 1st century BC, Christanity was first introduced into Britain by Romans. • In the 16th century, Henry VIII implemented the Reformation and rejected the supremacy of the pope of the Roman Catholic Church in Rome. • During the 16th and 17th century, many Protestants felt that the church had not distanced itself sufficiently from Rome and formed Nonconformist or Dissenting churches, called Free Churches today. • In the 18th and 19th centuries, more Nonconformist sects were formed, such as the Methodists, the Evangelicals, and the Baptists.
• The Education Act of 1944's requirement: • The school day start with an act of collective worship, and that religious lessons be provided with a focus on Christian themes. • The Education Reform Act of 1988 introduced a further requirement: • The majority of collective worship be"wholly or mainly of a broadly Christian character".
religion in UK

religion in UK


Major Religions in Britain
Who is Jesus Christ? Jesus Christ is the Son of God. He came to earth to teach about love and fellowship. He represents the person that all Christians must strive to be. Jesus was a Jew who was born about 2000 years ago in Bethlehem. Jesus lived for 33 years before being crucified by the Romans.
Regent's Park Mosque, London Islam began in Arabia and was revealed to humanity by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him). Those who follow Islam are called Muslims. Muslims believe that there is only one God, called Allah.
Britain used to be a Roman Catholic country
In 1533, during the reign of Henry VIII, England broke from the Roman Catholic Church to form the Anglican Church.
Religion in the UK
What is
Religion is a collection of cultural systems, belief systems, and worldviews that establishes symbols that relate humanity to spirituality and, sometimes, to moral values.
英国的宗教发展历程

英国的宗教发展历程

英国的宗教发展历程The religious development in the United Kingdom has a long and complex history spanning centuries. From prehistoric times to the present day, various beliefs and practices have emerged, evolved, and coexisted within the region. This article will provide a brief overview of the religious development in the United Kingdom.1. Pre-Christian Era (before 5th century)Before the arrival of Christianity, Britain was inhabited by various Celtic tribes, each with their own religious beliefs and practices. These beliefs were predominantly pagan in nature and centered around the worship of natural forces and deities, such as the sun, moon, and earth.2. Roman Influence (1st to 5th century)With the Roman conquest of Britain, which began in the 1st century AD, the polytheistic Roman religion was introduced to the region. The Romans built temples and worshipped their gods, including Jupiter, Mars, and Minerva, alongside the existing Celtic deities. However, Christianity began to gain a foothold during this period, with the arrival of Christian missionaries in the 3rd and 4th centuries.3. Christianization (5th to 12th century)The conversion of Britain to Christianity took place gradually over several centuries. The 5th century marked the arrival of Christian missionaries from Ireland and Rome, who spread the faith amongthe Celtic tribes and established monastic communities. In the 7th and 8th centuries, the conversion continued with the arrival of missionaries from Rome and Canterbury, who converted the Anglo-Saxon kingdoms to Christianity. The establishment of monastic centers, such as Lindisfarne and Iona, played a crucial role in the Christianization process.4. Norman Conquest and Medieval Period (11th to 15th century)Following the Norman Conquest in the 11th century, the influence of the Roman Catholic Church grew significantly in the United Kingdom. Cathedrals and monasteries were built, and the church became a powerful institution, both spiritually and politically. During this period, religious orders such as the Benedictines, Cistercians, and Franciscans flourished, and pilgrimage became an important expression of religious devotion.5. Reformation and Protestantism (16th century)The 16th century saw the emergence of the Protestant Reformation, which challenged the authority and practices of the Catholic Church. The English Reformation was led by King Henry VIII, who broke away from Rome after being denied an annulment of his marriage. The Anglican Church, or Church of England, was established, and Henry VIII became the Supreme Head of the Church. Throughout the 16th and 17th centuries, the country went through religious turmoil as Protestantism gained ground, leading to conflicts between Catholics and Protestants.6. Religious Tolerance and Religious Revivals (18th to 19thcentury)In the 18th century, the United Kingdom underwent a period of religious enlightenment, marked by religious tolerance and the rise of Nonconformist denominations. This era saw the rapid growth of Methodism, led by figures like John Wesley, as well as the establishment of independent Baptist and Presbyterian congregations. The 19th century witnessed religious revivals, such as the Oxford Movement in the Anglican Church and the evangelical movement led by Charles Spurgeon.7. 20th Century and BeyondThe religious landscape of the United Kingdom in the 20th century and beyond has become increasingly diverse. The decline in religious observance and the rise of secularism have been accompanied by the growth of other faiths, such as Islam, Hinduism, Sikhism, and Buddhism, due to immigration and globalization. Additionally, new religious movements and spiritual practices have emerged, reflecting the changing religious dynamics of the country.In conclusion, the religious development in the United Kingdom has been a complex and dynamic process, shaped by various influences and historical events. It has witnessed the rise and fall of different dominant religions, struggles for religious supremacy, and the emergence of religious diversity. Today, the United Kingdom remains a melting pot of beliefs and practices, where multiple faiths coexist and contribute to the cultural richness of the nation.。