金叶榆的培植与病虫害防治方法

金叶榆的培植与病虫害防治方法金叶榆，榆科榆属，系白榆变种。

叶片金黄色，有自然光泽，色泽艳丽；叶脉清晰，质感好；叶卵圆形，平均长3-5cm,宽2-3cm, 比普通白榆叶片稍短；叶缘具锯齿，叶尖渐尖，互生于枝条上。

金叶榆是用白榆做砧木，再嫁接而成。

我们简单介绍一下白榆，白榆也是一种落叶乔木，属榆科榆属。

培育金叶榆，首先要种植白榆作为砧木，下面，我们就先来介绍一下白榆的播种方法。

Jin Yeyu, elm, Ulmus pumila var., system. Leaves yellow, with a natural gloss, bright color; veins clear, good texture; leaves oval, with an average length of 3-5cm, width 2-3cm, slightly shorter than the average white elm leaf; leaf margin serrate, apex acuminate, alternating with branches.Gold leaf elm is made the root stock, white elm and grafting. We make a brief introduction of white elm, the species is also a kind of deciduous trees, ulmaceae ulmus. Fostering Chinese gold leaf elm, the first to grow white elm as root stock, the following, we introduce of white elm tree planting method.一、播种方法First, seeding method白榆通常采用种子繁殖，理想的播种时间是4月初。

在播种之前，要进行选地和整地。

White elm usually by seed breeding, the ideal sowing time is the beginning of April. Before sowing, to choose and soil preparation.1. 选地和整地1. Choose and soil preparation白榆对土地没有特殊要求，沙壤土或钙质土等都可以，但是一定要有足够白榆扎根的土壤层。

选好种植地后，就要整地。

先用拖拉机深翻土地15-20厘米，这是使土壤层松动，便于白榆苗扎根和生长。

然后施底肥，底肥一般使用复合肥，用量为每亩20公斤左右，肥料要均匀撒在地里。

再以行距60厘米起垄，行距的控制主要是看犁距，将犁距调节成60厘米，行距也就是60厘米了。

整地工作完成之后，就可以播种了。

White elm has no special requirements for land, silty loam or calcareous soils can be, but must have enough white elm takes root in the soil layer. After chosen gardens, soil preparation. With tractor commune land first 15 to 20 cm, this is to loosen soil layer, is advantageous for the white elm seedlings roots and grow. Then recommended, recommended the use of compound fertilizer, the general dosage is about 20 kilograms per mu, the fertilizer evenly in the field. To 60 centimeters ridging spacing and row spacing control basically is to see the plough, the plough is apart from the adjustment into 60 cm, which is 60 centimeters apart. After the completion of site preparation work can sow.2. 播种2,Seeds首先，在垄上开5厘米左右深的小沟，将白榆种子均匀撒入沟内，亩用种量5公斤左右。

种子撒入沟内后，用脚沿着小沟，在种子上轻轻踩踏，这是因为白榆的种子很轻，不用脚踩的话，很容易被风吹走。

在播撒的种子上，不能盖土，这是因为白榆的种子太薄，盖土会影响出苗率。

最后，连接好喷灌设备，进行喷灌。

每天喷灌4-5小时，连续3天。

播种4-5天后，白榆的幼苗就会破土而出，直到长到5厘米高的这段时间，我们称为幼苗期，在幼苗期，要进行一些必要的管理。

下面，我们来说说白榆的幼苗期管理。

First of all, on the ridge drive about 5 cm deep groove, white elm seed evenly into a ditch, mu YongZhongLiang 5 kg or so. After seeds into the ditch, along with their feet small ditch, gently trampling on seeds, this is because the white elm seed is very light, don't have to foot, it is easy to be blown away. On sow seeds, cannot cover soil, this is because the seeds of white elm is too thin to cover the soil will affect the germination rate. At last, the fitting of sprinkler irrigation equipment, carries on the spray irrigation. Sprinkler irrigation 4-5 hours a day for three days. Planting four to five days later, white elm seedlings willbreak out, until to 5 cm long high this time, we called the seedling period, the seedling stage, want to undertake the necessary management. Below, we accused yu of seedling stage management.二、幼苗期管理Second, the seedling stage management苗期的白榆，管理比较简单，最主要的是除草松土和浇水。

首先来说说除草松土。

Seedling of white elm, management is simpler, the mainest is digging and watering grass. First of all to say weeding scarification.1. 锄草松土1, The weeding scarification锄草松土是幼苗期管理的一个重要环节。

因为杂草会与幼苗争夺养分，影响苗的生长。

这个阶段，主要采用人工锄草方式，并且没有具体的时间和次数限制，看到地里有草，用小锄头除去，如果，幼苗中参杂着草，要用手拔除，这是为了避免伤到幼苗。

而且，在锄草的过程中，也为幼苗进行了松土，使幼苗的根部透气，促进其生长。

但是，由于这时的白榆苗还很脆弱，除草松土时，一定要注意深度，以松动表层土壤为宜，切勿伤到根部。

Weeding scarification is an important link in seedling stage management. Because weed with young plants for nutrients, and affect the growth of seedlings. At this stage, mainly adopts artificial weeding method, and there is no specific time and number, see the grass, with a hoe to remove, if, mixed with grass seedlings, to pull out by hand, this is to avoid hurt young plants. And, in the process of weeding, also for seedlings, digging to air the seedlings roots, promote its growth. However, because of the white elm seedlings are still fragile, weeding scarification, must pay attention to the depth, with loose surface soil advisable, do not hurt the roots.2.浇水2, Water幼苗期的白榆，对水分的需求量很大，需要经常浇水。

但由于白榆自身还很弱小，采用喷灌的方法，效果更好。

每隔两天，要对幼苗进行一次喷灌，以土壤全部湿润为宜。

经过一个月左右的幼苗期管理，苗高能够达到5厘米左右，就进入到了壮苗期。

在壮苗期，白榆苗也要进行一些管理。

下面，我们来介绍一下白榆的壮苗期管理。

Seedling stage of white elm, the demand for water is very big, need to be watered often. But as a result of white elm tree itself is still very weak, adopt the method of spray irrigation, the effect is better. Every two days, to a sprinkler irrigation on seedling with soil moist all advisable. After a month or so of seedling stage management, seedling height can reach 5 centimeters, into the seedling stage. In seedling stage, the white elm seedlings to also want to do some management. In the following, we introduce of white elm tree seedling stage management.三、壮苗期管理Three, strong seedling stage management我们将幼苗期之后，直到嫁接的这个阶段，称作壮苗期。