山东省淄博第一中学2019-2020学年高二英语上学期期中试题

2020-2021学年高二1月学业模拟考试英语题2021.1第一部分听力测试(共两节，满分30分)（淄博十七中模拟）第一节(共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分)1. What is the probable relationship between the two speakers?A Salesperson and customer.B.Teacher and student.C.Two passengers.2. How long did the man stay in Britain?A. One week.B. Three weeks.C. Four weeks.3. Where are the two speakers probably?A. In the street.B. At a bar.C. In the classroom.4. How does the man feel about going to school by bike?A. Happy.B. Tired.C. Worried.5.When will the woman leave for New York?A. Monday.B. Tuesday.C. Wednesday.第二节(共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分)听下面一段对话，回答第6至第8题。

6. How did the two speakers get to their destination?A. By bike .B. By car.C. By taxi.7. What are the two speakers going to watch?A. A film.B. A match.C. A car race.8. Why did the two speakers arrive early?A. To find their friends.B. To meet the players.C. To get a good place.听下面一段对话，回答第9至第12题。

2019-2020学年淄博市第一中学高三英语期中试卷及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ACanadais one of the most beautiful countries in the world. Here are 4 attractive places worth your visit.ChurchillChurchill is a town with the nickname "Polar Bear Capital of the World”, where tourists can safely view polar bears from special vehicles in the autumn and winter. Thousands of beluga whales, which move into the warmer waters of theChurchill Riverduring July and August, are a major summer attraction. Churchill is also a destination for bird watchers from late May until August.Niagara FallsNiagara Fallsis a group of three waterfalls, crossing the border betweenCanadaand theUnited States. The largest of the three is Horseshoe Falls, also known asCanadian Falls. Niagara Falls illumination（彩灯）is a must for any visitor! Every night of the year, the three waterfalls are illuminated in color1 s creating an attractive scene that can be viewed from near and far.VancouverVancouverisCanada's third-largest city, always named as one of the top five worldwide cities for its comfortable environment and quality of life.Vancouverhas an active nightlife scene, whether its food and dining, or bars and nightclubs. From mid-June to early July, the Vancouver International Jazz Festival features 300 concerts, including a free opening Downtown Jazz Weekend.OttawaThe capital ofCanadais situated on the banks of theOttawa Riverand has a lot ofEnglish buildings in it. It is a beautiful city which has the Parliament buildings on the banks and English influenced houses and parks around. There are museums and art galleries that will give you a complete knowledge of the English culture there. It is really the heart ofCanada. So if you are a history and art loverOttawais the best choice for your visit inCanada.1. If you want to watch birds, which place will you choose to visit?A. Churchill.B.Niagara Falls.C. Vancouver.D.Ottawa.2. What is the best season for visitingVancouver?A. Spring.B. Summer.C. Autumn.D. Winter.3. What doNiagara FallsandVancouverhave in common?A. They are both famous for natural scenery.B. The best visiting time are both at nights.C. They are both located inCanadaentirely.D. The tickets there are both free at weekends.BSlowing down was the last thing on Elaine Schaefer's mind when she turned 70 last year. She'd enjoyed an ambitious travel schedule for the previous decade. She didn't feel too old to travel.Yet many people are asking that slightly embarrassing question: Can you be too old to travel? The travel industry has already responded. Try renting a car inEurope, for example. InCroatia, Schaefer wouldn't be able to this year, because the maximum age is 70. Insurance companies require higher rates; tour operators limit certain activities. That feels like a " no" for many travelers.Definitely some folks should think twice before traveling, but not only based on their age. It's their level of fitness, says Kirsten Veldman, a former tour guide who now edits a retirement blog. She recalls a 93-year-old who was disabled and traveling alone on aCaribbeantour. "You can't expect to ask a tour leader to be there for you 24/7 for medical care. " she says. "Tour guides don't have the time, skills, and knowledge for it. So, in this case, my advice is: he shouldn't have traveled with us in this situation. "But some tour operators serve older travelers. For example, Grand Circle Travel started in 1958 to serve senior members. “We have travelers into their 80s and even 90s. Some travel as a couple and some alone,” says company spokeswoman Ann Shannon. “We have no age limit.”If you ask travel experts, they'll tell you that age is just a number. It's a question of physical, and to a certain extent, mental ability. "Many of our travelers are retired, focused on keeping their good health, and are experienced travelers who have a good idea of what to expect, "says Sara Baer-Sinnott, president of Oldways, a food and nutrition nonprofit that operates tours. "Someone in their 40's may struggle more than someone in their 80s. "4. What is expected if Schaefer travels inCroatiathis year?A. She can rent a car to go around.B. She has to pay more insurance fees.C. She can join in all kinds of activities.D. She will receive 24/7 medical care.5. What caused Veldman to disapprove of the 93-year-old's traveling?A. His old age.B. His lack of money.C. His poor health.D. His in sociable personality.6. What do we know about Grand Circle Travel?A. It is a non-profit traveling organization.B. It offers service to a wide range of travelers.C. It has a history of more than seven decades.D. Its main customers are senior travelers.7. What is the authors altitude towards traveling old?A. Opposed.B. Supportive.C. Tolerant.D. Objective.CItaly's fashion capital is gray — not only because of the blocks of stone buildings，but also due to its often-gray sky, which traps pollution. ButMilannow wants to change it.The city has an ambitious plan to plant 3 million new trees by 2030 - a move that experts say could offer relief from the city's hot weather. Some projects have already contributed to environmental improvements. Architect Stefano Boeri’s Vertical Forest residential (居民的) tower, completed in 2014, aims to improve not only air quality but the quality of life for Milan residents. Boeri created a smallisland of greenery in the heart ofMilan, filling every balcony with plants that absorb carbon dioxide.“I think forestation is one of the best chances that we have today. It is one of the most effective ways we have to fight climate change, because everyone can plant trees, Boeri said.Damiano Di Simine, a member of the environmental group Legambiente , said the greenMilanproject will lower temperatures in a city where the nighttime temperature can be 6 degrees Celsius higher than in the surrounding area. City show thatMilanexperiences 35 hot nights a year. Because the city lies close to theAlps, Milin gets very little wind to lower the city's temperatures. "Planting trees will help this," Di said.TheVerticalForesthas attracted more than 20 species of birds. And the shade provided by the 800 trees and 15,000 plants means that residents rarely have to put on air conditioning, even in hot summers. TheVerticalForest's total greenery- can absorb 30 metric tons of carbon dioxide every year. The presence of green trees has a very important effect on people's health and psychological state, as has already been proved.8. What change doesMilanplan to make?A. Planting more trees.B. Creating a new fashion style.C. Pulling down more gray stone buildings.D. Doing more surveys to study global wanning.9. What's Boeri's opinion on the city's plan?A. It costs a lot.B. It is unpractical.C. It fails to attract people's attention.D. It is helpful to fight against climate change.10. What is Di Simine's attitude toward the city's plan?A. Doubtful.B. Supportive.C. Disappointed.D. Unconcerned.11. What does the last paragraph focus on?A. Specifics of the city's plan.B. Challenges faced by the city.C. The aim of theVerticalForestproject.D. The positive effect of theVerticalForestproject.DWhen I was young, my mother didn't have the money to send me to school, but she thought it was important for me to keep up with education.So she decided to teach me extra lessons herself.But because she had to go to work, the only time she could do it was at 4：30 inthe morning.We needevery one of you to develop your talents and your skills so that you can help us old folks solve our most difficult problems. If you quit on school—you're not just quitting on yourself, but you're quitting on your country. No one's written your destiny(命运)for you, because you write your own destiny. You make your own future.That's why today I'm calling on each of you to set your own goals for your education and do everything you can to meet them.Your goal can be something as simple as doing all your homework, paying attention in class, or spending some time reading a book.But whatever you decide to do, I want you to commit to it.I want you to really work at it.I know that sometimes you get that sense from TV that you can be rich and successful without any hard work—that your ticket to success is through rapping or basketball or being a reality TV star.No one's born being good at all things. You become good at things through hard work.You're not a good athlete the first time you play a new sport.Youdon't hit every note the first time you sing a song.You've got to practise.12. What can we learn from the first paragraph？A. The writer's home was very rich.B. The writer's mother was a teacher.C. The writer was born in a poor family.D. The writer didn't like reading books.13. What does the writer want everyone to do by improving their talents and skills？A. To quit on their country to earn more money.B. To help solve the most difficult problems.C. To write their own new destiny by working as a TV star.D. To spend some time writing books about their own life.14. Why does the writer call on everyone to set his/her own goal？A. Because everyone's future is determined by themselves.B. Because eyeryone's future is to do simple work.C. Because everyone should do their homework.D. Because everyone should pay attention in class.15. How can people realise their great dreams？A. By rapping.B. By playing basketball.C. By being a reality star.D. By working hard.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。

2023级二部高二10月份月考试题语文一、现代文阅读(37分)。

(一)现代文阅读I(本题共5小题，19分)阅读下面的文字，完成 1～5题。

材料一:所有的逻辑推理，目的只有一个，即找出事物的真相。

这是个艰巨的任务，因为真相往往是难以捉摸的。

但不探寻真相是荒谬的，那种真相永远是可望而不可即的想法同样是荒谬的，它否定了我们所有的努力，使真相沦落为妄想。

真相有两种基本形态:一为本体真相，一为逻辑真相。

所谓本体真相，指的是关乎存在的真相，某个事物被认定是本体真相，那么它必然存在于某处。

桌上有一盏灯，这是本体真相，因为它确实是在那里，而不是幻象。

逻辑真相是在我们的思维和语言中自动呈现出来的真相。

肯定一个命题意味着已判断它为真，反之亦然。

一个命题如果真实地反映了客观事物，那么它就为真。

例如一个命题说一艘船泊在码头上，如果这里确实有一艘船，确实有一个码头，而这艘船确实泊在码头上，那么这个命题就是真的。

判断一个真命题的过程就是以语言为媒介，将大脑中的观念(主观事实)与相应事物的真实状态(客观事实)联结起来。

上例中，如果那个命题所说的与现实情况并不相符，则命题就是假的。

在任何特定的情况下，对真相的确认都要去检查别人认定或推测所得的真相在现实中是否存在依据，即确认真相就是要达到主观与客观的统一。

这里我们所要关注的焦点是事物的客观情况。

如果不能判断一个命题如“狗在车库里”的真假，那么仅仅在大脑中思考狗、车库或者其他相关概念是无助于解决这个问题的，得亲自到车库去看看。

从这一点也可以清楚地看出，为什么我们说本体真相更为基础。

决定命题真假的依据是客观现实情况，而逻辑真相是建立在本体真相基础之上的主观判断。

当人们撒谎时，他很清楚现实世界中真相是什么，而在表述时却有意欺瞒篡改，他知道“A是B”,但他说出来的却是“A不是B”,逻辑真相反映的就是命题内容符合客观事实，即符合论。

另一理论——融贯说，则从属于符合论,“融贯说”指如果一个命题与某个已经得到证明的理论或思想学说一致(相融贯)，那它就是真的。

淄博一中高2017级2018-2019学年第二学期期中考试化学试题命题人：焦念功审核人：郑靖 2019年4月1．本试题分第Ⅰ卷和第Ⅱ卷两部分。

第Ⅰ卷为选择题，共48分；第Ⅱ卷为非选择题，共52分，满分100分，考试时间为90分钟。

2．第Ⅰ卷16小题，每小题3分；每小题只有一个正确答案，请将选出的答案标号（A、B、C、D）涂在答题卡上。

可能用到的相对原子质量：H 1 C 12 N 14 O 16 S 32 Br 80 Mg 24 Pb 207第Ⅰ卷（共48分）一．选择题1．下列有关电化学知识的描述正确的是( )A．行人踩踏发电瓷砖(原理是利用行人踩踏地板产生的振动来发电)是将化学能转化为电能B．某原电池反应为Cu＋2AgNO3===Cu(NO3)2＋2Ag，装置中的盐桥可以装有含琼胶的KCl 饱和溶液C．因为铁的活泼性强于铜，所以将铁、铜用导线连接后放入浓硝酸中，若能组成原电池，必是铁作负极、铜作正极D．理论上，任何能自发进行的且能放出能量的氧化还原反应都可设计成原电池2．某小组为研究电化学原理，设计甲、乙、丙三种装置(C1、C2、C3均为石墨)。

下列叙述正确的是( )A．甲、丙中是化学能转化为电能，乙中是电能转化为化学能B．C1、C2分别是阳极、阴极，锌片、铁片上都发生氧化反应C．C1上和C3上放出的气体相同，铜片上和铁片上放出的气体也相同D．甲中溶液的pH逐渐升高，丙中溶液的pH逐渐降低3．用下列装置能达到预期目的的是( )A．甲图装置可用于电解精炼铝B．乙图装置可得到持续、稳定的电流C．丙图装置可达到保护钢闸门的目的 D．丁图装置可达到保护钢闸门的目的4.如下图所示，其中甲池的总反应式为2CH3OH＋3O2＋4KOH===2K2CO3＋6H2O。

下列说法正确的是( )A.1min内甲池消耗1mol转移的电子是乙池Ag电极转移电子数的4倍B.甲池通入CH3OH的电极反应式为CH3OH－6e－＋2H2O===CO2－3＋8H＋C.反应一段时间后，向乙池中加入一定量Cu(OH)2固体能使CuSO4溶液恢复到原浓度D.甲池中消耗280 mL(标准状况下)O2，此时丙池中理论上最多产生1.45 g固体5.三室式电渗析法处理含Na2SO4废水的原理如图所示，采用惰性电极，ab、cd均为离子交换膜，在直流电场的作用下，两膜中间的Na＋和SO2－4可通过离子交换膜，而两端隔室中离子被阻挡不能进入中间隔室。

2019-2020学年淄博市第一中学高三英语上学期期中考试试题及答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ADuring ancient times, children didn’t have smartphones, iPad or computers to entertain themselves. Instead, they came up with interesting games to play.★Stone ballsDuring the Qing Dynasty, kicking a stone ball around was a popular sport in the northern part of China, and it was often played in the winter to protect kids from the cold. Stones were carved into small balls and kicked along with feet. In 1999, the sport was included in the 6th National Ethnic Group Traditional Sports Meeting held in Beijing.★Flying kitesKites have quite a long history. The earliest kites were made of wood, instead of paper. Nowadays, the four most famous kites are the Beijing kite, Tianjin kite , Weifang kite and Nantong kite, of which each has distinctive features. The kite which resembles a swallow is a well-known Beijing style.★Hide-and-seekHide-and-seek is a traditional game for children, popular around the nation. There are two ways to play: covering a child’s eyes while other kids run around to tease(戏弄) him or, more commonly, participants hide and one child must try to find them.★Playing diabolosA diabolo is always made of wood or bamboo and has empty space in the center. By juggling(边抛边接) the diabolo on the rope, the high-speed spinning diabolos will make a sound like a whistle. Playing diabolos is an interesting folk game, especially popular in North China. Playing diabolos was also included in the first group of national intangible cultural heritage(非物质文化遗产).1.Why did ancient children often play stone balls in the winter?A.To practice their feet.B.To warm themselves.C.To train their skills.D.To relax themselves.2.Which kites are swallow-shaped?A.Weifang kites.B.Tianjin kites.C.Beijing kites.D.Nantong kites.3.Why does playing diabolos make a sound?A.Because the diabolo’s center is empty.B.Because the high-speed spinning diabolo is light.C.Because the diabolo is equipped with a whistle.D.Because ropes’ surface moves against the diabolo’s.BA smiling panda and a walking Chinese lantern will be the mascots of the 2022 Winter Olympics and Paralympics (残奥会）in Beijing .The mascots were known to the public on Sept.17, 2019 at a ceremony inBeijing. Beijing Mayor Chen Jining described them as adorable, unique , and exquisite (精致的）。

2023级二部高二12月份月考试题语文一、现代文阅读（35分）(一)现代文阅读Ⅰ(本题共5小题，19分)阅读下面文字，完成1~5题。

材料一：清代的袁枚的《随园诗话补遗》里有这么一则记载：唐时汪伦者，泾川豪士也，闻李白将至，修书迎之，诡云：“先生好游乎此地有十里桃花。

先生好饮乎此地有万家酒店。

”李欣然至。

乃告云：“桃花者，潭水名也，并无桃花。

万家者，店主人姓万也，并无万家酒店。

”李大笑，款留数日，赠名马八匹，官锦十端，而亲送之。

李感其意，作《桃花潭》绝句一首。

汪伦故意把深十里的桃花潭说成“十里桃花”，把姓万的主人开的酒店说成是“万家酒店”，终于迎来了李白。

他这样做，到底是求贤若渴还是沽名钓誉且不论，其巧妙运用同一律的做法则不能不让人赞叹，怪不得李白听了后也“大笑”不已并赠诗予他了。

作为逻辑基本规律之一的同一律是指在同一思维过程中，每一思想都与其自身保持同一性。

也就是说，在推理或论证某一思想的时候，前面的推理或论证中该思想出现时是什么时间、什么关系、哪个对象，后面推理或论证时也要是这一时间、这一关系和这一对象。

这三个要素中有任何一个不同一，都会违反同一律。

比如下面这句话：唐代以后，古体诗尤其是长篇古体诗转韵的例子有很多，比如张若虚的《春江花月夜》和白居易的《琵琶行》《长恨歌》等。

一般来讲，时间、关系和对象都可以通过概念或判断表现出来。

所以，在同一思维过程中，保持时间、关系和对象的同一性就是保持概念和判断的同一性。

这也是同一律的基本要求。

保持概念的同一性就是要求在同一思维过程中，每一个概念都要与其自身保持同一性，即每一个概念的内涵和外延要具有确定性。

这主要是因为，概念的内涵和外延都是极为丰富的，如果在同一思维过程中，前面用的是某概念的这一内涵或外延，而后面用的则是该概念的另一内涵或外延，那么这个概念的内涵和外延就是不确定的。

这就违反了同一律，必然造成思维的混乱。

保持判断的同一性就是要求在同一思维过程中，每一个判断都要与其自身保持同一性，即每一个判断的内容都要具有确定性。

命题人：语文学科中心组使用时间：2024年11月淄博实验中学、淄博齐盛高中高一年级第一学期第一次模块考试语文一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成1~5题。

【材料一】陈国栋同志的报告是一个重要文件。

请各大区区长主持讨论，细致地讨论，讨论两次至三次。

我基本上同意这个文件所述的意见。

但觉：（一）假定今年年成比去年确实好的情况之下，征购一千一百亿斤，力争办到，这是变被动为主动的第一着。

今年年成如果在秋收以后确实较去年好，确实证明无妄的时候，为什么不能征购到这个数目字呢？（二）下年度销售计划，我感觉不但一千另二十亿斤，是太多了，这个文件上调整为八百五十五亿斤，似乎也略为多了一点。

是否可以调整为八百亿斤，或者八百一十、二十亿呢？告诉农民，恢复糠菜半年粮，可不可以呢？苦一年、两年、三年，就翻过身来了。

多储备，少食用，以人定量，粮食归户……忙时多吃，闲时少吃，有稀有干，粮菜混吃，仍然可以吃饱吃好，可不可以这样做呢？（三）多产粮，是上策。

田头地角，零星土地，谁种谁收，不征不购，主要为了解决饲料，部分为了人用。

恢复私人菜园，一定要酌给自留地。

凡此种种，可以多收。

既已多收，可以多吃（例如菜）。

（四）好好地精细地安排过日子。

是否可以按照一九五七年的实际产量安排过日子呢？一九五七年的日子不是过得还不错吗？这样做，农民的粮食储备就可以增得较多了。

手里有粮，心里不慌，脚踏实地，喜气洋洋。

……以上几点意见，只供同志们此次讨论的参考，切勿下传。

不对之处，准备修改。

（摘自毛泽东《粮食问题》）注：这是毛泽东于一九五九年七月五日为印发粮食部副部长陈国栋关于一九五九至一九六零年度粮食分配和粮食收支计划调整意见的报告写的批语，题目是毛泽东拟的。

此前还曾批示：“要十分抓紧，按人定量，忙时多吃，闲时少吃，忙时吃干，闲时半干半稀，杂以番薯、青菜、萝卜、瓜豆、芋头之类。

”【材料二】一个国家唯有立足粮食基本自给，才能掌握粮食安全的主动权，才能保障国运民生。

2024-2025学年山东省淄博市高青县第一中学高一上学期期中考试英语试题1. What are the speakers probably doing?A．Watching a game. B．Planning a holiday. C．Waiting for a bus.2. Why does the man call?A．To ask about his meal.B．To book a flight ticket.C．To book a hotel room.3. How long have the speakers been waiting for?A．10 minutes. B．30 minutes. C．40 minutes.4. When will the man go to Silver Lake?A．In September.B．In October.C．In November.5. What does the woman want to know from the man?A．The traffic condition.B．The staff number.C．The employment rate.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

6. What will the man do next?A．Lead the way. B．Park the car. C．Ask for direction.7. Which place has a garage?A．The bank. B．The hotel. C．The restaurant.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

8. On which street are the speakers?A．Union Street. B．Webb Street. C．Naples Street.9. How far should the woman go to get to the music store?A．About two blocks. B．About three blocks. C．About four blocks.10. What can the woman do on Green Street?A．Have some coffee. B．Get some CDs. C．Buy some shoes.听下面一段较长对话，回答以下小题。

绝密★启用前山东省淄博市普通高中2019～2020学年高一年级上学期期中教学质量检测英语试题2019年11月本试题卷共8页。

全卷满分150分，考试用时120分钟。

注意事项：1.答题前，先将自己的姓名、考号等填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.选择题的作答:每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑，写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

3.非选择题的作答:用签字笔直接答在答题卡上对应的答题区域内。

写在试题卷、草稿纸和答题卡上的非答题区域均无效。

4.考试结束后，请将本试题卷和答题卡一并上交。

第一部分听力（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共5小题;每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）听下面5段对话。

每段对话后有一个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。

听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。

每段对话仅读一遍。

1. What is the man’s grandmother doing?A. Taking a bath.B. Having a swim.C. Reading an e-mail.2. What is the man wearing now?A. A green T-shirt.B. A blue sports shirt.C. A green sports shirt.3. When will the woman bring the iPad to the man?A. This afternoon.B. Tomorrow morning.C. Tomorrow afternoon.4. Where will the woman go first?A. To a bank.B. To a post office.C. To a bakery.5. What are the speakers mainly talking about?A. A friend.B. A house.C. A garden.第二节（共15小题;每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）听下面5段对话或独白。

高二英语参考答案及评分标准第一部分听力（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
1 -5 BABCA 6 - l0 BABCC 11 - 15 CBABA 16 - 20 BCAAB
第二部分阅读理解（共10小题：每小题2.5分，满分25分）
21 - 23 CDB 24 - 26 DAB 27 - 30 BCAC
七选五（共5小题：每小题2分，满分10分）
31-35FEBGC
第三部分英语知识运用
完形填空（共20小题；每小题1.5分，满分30分）
36-40 CDCBA 41-45 BADCA 46-50 DBDAC 51-55 BBDAC
第四部分语言运用
第一节语填空（共10小题；每小题1.5分，满分15分）
56. falls 57. who 58. located 59. highly 60. However
61. was defeated 62. what 63. death 64. into 65.traditional
第二节单词拼写（共10小题；每小题1分，满分10分）
66.arranged 67. strict 68.depends 69. Attracted 70.impression 71.divided 72. consists 73. informed 74.difference75. exposed 第五部分写作（共两节，满分30分）
备注：以下情况酌情扣分
（1）关键词未下划线标注（在其应得分基础上扣2分）；
（2）雷同卷（相同句子达到50%及以上，判为0分）；
（3）其他卷面情况（如上面划线未擦或未擦净等）。