上海新世纪英语教材——高二全部课文(包括Additional_Reading)及重点词组

Sheet 1: Rearrange Paragraphs (Shopping in the States) Rearrange the disordered paragraphs below, and tell your classmates what clues help you to find out the correct order. （underlined phrases are for your reference）将下列打乱顺序的段落重新排序，告诉同学们你排序的依据。

(划线部分供参考)Sheet 2: Class Activity OutlineJigsaw Reading(Aim: catch the logic and structure)Loot at sheet 1, you may find the whole passage but in disorder. 2 minutes for you to rearrange these paragraphs. (You may refer to page 92 for new words and expressions) Skimming(Aim: know something about Expository writing and Narrative writing)Skim over the text and find out whether it is written mainly in the present tense or past tense? Is there any exception? Why?Reading aloud & Scanning(Aim: pay attention to pronunciation)(Aim: search out key information: 6Ws of the story)Read paragraph D and find out the 6 Ws (When, Where, Who, What, How, Why)Pair Talk & Role Play(Aim: cooperate to create dialogues according to situation in the text)(Aim: try to use language in situation-based activity; improve performing ability)Now work with your partner and role play the dialogue between the customer and the lady at the service counter.You may design dialogues by yourself. 2 minutes for preparation.Translation(Aim: cultivate language sense, especially for vivid expressions)You Name It!You won’t be challenged…Brainstorm(Aim: expand vision in cooperative study)Compare the advantages of E-shopping and Store shopping.Group leader please come to the front and write down the key points from your group members.Homework(Aim: shift attention to locality and reinforce textual content)(Aim: put the types of writing learned in this lesson into use)Do some research and write an article entitled “Shopping in China”.A combination of Expository and Narrative way of writing is suggested.A comparison between shopping in the States and shopping in China will be welcomed.。

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文（包括Additional Reading）及重点词组上海新世纪英语高二全部（包括Additinal Reading）及重点词组高二第二学期17 rds and their stries18 English prverbs19 Tips n aing a publi speeh20 eep it shrt fr the audiene’s sae21 aing friends22 hat des friendship ean t esterners?23 Ad24 Ran, his friends, and his inredible trh run2 The father f dern phsis26 The survival f the fittest27 irale in the rie field28 Netn’s three iprtant las29 liver ants re (Adapted fr liver Tist harles Diens)30 En the lassis31 Is she guilt? (Adapted fr The Prine and the Pauper ar Tain)32 ar Tain高二第二学期17 rds and their striesEAGER BEA VER An eager beaver is a persn h is alas illing t d and is exited abut ding hat is expeted f hiSuppse, fr exaple, that a teaher tells his students the eah ust slve ne hundred ath prbles befre ing t shl the next da The hildren plain abut s uh her But ne student des nt prtest at all That student is an eager beaver He lves t d ath prbles, and des nt ind all the herThe expressin is said t have e fr the nae f a hard-ring anial---the beaver Beavers are strange-ling reatures The spend a lt f tie in the ater, building das t reate little laes r pnds The use their huge teeth and r hard t ut dn trees, reve branhes and put the arss streas The use their tails t pa ud n the branhes t ae the das slid Fe ther anials r s hardHistrians sa the beaver had an iprtant part in the settleent f Nrth Aeria There ere hundreds f illins f beavers hen Eurpean settlers first arrived The settlers put great value n the fur f beavers In fat, fr t hundred ears r re, beavers prvided the st valuable fur in Nrth Aeria Beaver sins ften used as neung en ling fr adventure headed est arss the untr t searh fr beavers In their searh, the explred uh f the estern territries The trading psts, here the exhanged beaver sins fr the gds the needed, beae villages, and later tnsand itiesIT’S IN THE BAG The bag---ne f the siplest and st useful things in ever an r an’s life---has given the rld an strange expressins that are nt ver siple A nuber f these expressins are idel used in the United States tda Se ere iprted fr England a lng tie aghen u are sure f sething, u an sa, “It’s in the bag”This phrase seeed t have arrived ith the dern paper bag Befre, Aerians used t sa, “It’s all rapped up” Then, things u bught er e rapped in plain brn paper, r seties in ld nespaperAnther idel used expressins is “t let the at ut f the bag”, eaning t reveal a ell-ept seretN ne an explain h the at gt int the bag, r h it reained there But there is an ld str abut it Lng ag tradesan sld things in large lth bags ne a an ased fr a pig The tradesan held up his lth bag Inside there as suppsed t be a live pig The an ased t see it hen the dishnest tradesan pened the bag, ut uped a squealing at, nt a pig The tradesan’s seret as ut: he as tri, and n everbd ne it18 English prverbsharatersTeaher f English: s Sith (S)Students: Li (LI), a (A), Anne (AN), Rivera (RI)S: Gd rning, everne I hpe u all n hat e are here fr The tpi f ur disussin thisrning is “English Prverbs”LI: S, I’in the right grupA: e, tRI: e, tS: But I as tld e uld have fur…and et…AN: I’ing Gd rning A I late?S: rning “Spea f angels and u hear their sngs”AN: Is that a prverb referring t ing?S: ExatlLI: e have a saing in hinese, hih I thin is ver lse in ea ning…A: Spea f a a and he appearsS: Right ell, “first things first” A prverb is a traditinal saing hih ffers advie r presents a ral in a shrt and brief anner A prverb nrall is a sentene, int hih the riter ften rs rhe Fr instane, “East r est, he is best” Seties it es ut in the fr f a phraseA: I’ve seen ditinaries f prverbsS: ell, there are thusands f prverbs The fall int three ain ategries Thse f the first tpe tae the fr f abstrat stateents The express general truths Here are t gd exaples: “ne is never t ld t learn” and “A an h neglets his studies in uth ill regret it in later ears”RI: I thin there is se truth in bth prverbs T enurage a persn h has had little eduatin fr se reasn as a ung an, e a use the frer ith us, I guess the latter rsS: S u hav e t eep this in ind Never use prverbs ut f ntext “ne an’s eat is anther an’s pisn”LI: I see Then, hat is the send tpe?S: The send tpe uses speifi bservatins fr everda experiene t ae a general pintAN: “Dn’t put all ur eggs in ne baset” Des it fall int the send ategr?S: u’re right, dear Then the third tpe nsists f saings fr partiular areas f traditinal usts and beliefs “After dinner, rest a hile; after supper, al a ile” is an exaple f this tpe Suh prverbs are ften related t agriulture, the seasns, and the eatherLI: an peple hld the pinin that prverbs are ging ut f fashin Is that true? S: The fat is, as se ld nes are falling int disuse, ne nes are being reated The puter rld has reentl given us lts f theAN: I’ve gt ne: “Rubbish in, rubbish ut”A: I t als ges “Garbage in, garbage ut”S: I thin it is re n t sa “Garbage in, garbage ut” ell, I hpe, tda “u’ll have sething nie ut as u have had sething nie in”AN: Than u, s Sith B the a, d e have an assignent as usual?S: es u are t llet se prverbs f the first tpe, that is, prverbs that express general truthsLI: I’d lie t llet se n studiesS: Gd! I’s glad t have been ith u (T the fur students) “Strie hile the irn isht” See u next ee19 Tips n aing a publi speehIt is interesting t nte that speehes are alas “given” r “delivered” The are never “said” hen giving a speeh, therefre, it is useful t thin f urself as plaing a part, ie ating This ind f ating alls fr an integratin f verbal and nnverbal uniatin Nnverbal uniatin hiefl invlves the speaer’s stane and gestures, the ee ntat beteen the speaer and the audiene, and a gd ntrl f the presentatin speed f taling/speaingSTANE This is iprtant t the deliver f a gd speeh Stand up straight and eep ur head up Drpping ur head ls unprfessinal and a prevent ur audiene fr hearing u learl n the ther hand, dn’t stand lie a guard n dut u have t be able t ve in a natural a in rder t add expressin t ur rds Bd language “sas” a lt Avid hlding ur hands tightl tgether; this ill interfere ith free and natural veent Dn’t pla ith es r ins in ur pet; this ill distrat ur audiene GESTURES Gestures and faial expressins are bth iprtant aids t the spen rd hen u are uniating A dull, lng speeh delivered ithut expressin, ithut gestures r ee ntat ill nt be ell reeived The sill is in deiding h uh gesturing t be epled and in aing sure that ur gestures are naturalIn general, the larger the audiene, the re expansive the gestures shuld be, beause the ill nt be seen s learl b the audiene In a sall grup, faial expressins ill add a lt t understanding Tr telling sebd sething funn ith a ver serius fae The ill have diffiult believing hat u are reall saing is funnDifferent gestures are suppsed t be used in delivering a speeh Se peple use their hands a lt hen speaing u ust ae sure that ur gestures are nt repeated t ften, and the shuld be expressive and eaningfulEE NTAT T have axiu ipat u need t ae eah eber f ur audiene fell as if u ere speaing t the persnall T d this, glane tards all setins f the audiene and dn’t be afraid t ve ur head If u favur ne diretin, the ther side a feel u are ignring the and therefre lse interest in hat u are saingTIING Aurate tiing is essential u shuld ensure that u dn’t fall shrt f r run ver the tie alled fr ur speeh Either a, the audiene ill feel unhapp and lse nentratin n ur speeh The best a t vere this is thrugh preparatin lear thining abut hat u ant t sa and h lng ur speeh ill last, befre u start t rite it, ill save a lt f tie hen pratising, ae sure that u spea at the rret speed and d tie urself20 eep it shrt fr the audiene’s saeH lng shuld I ae speeh? H lng ill audiene nentrate n speeh? He sll shuld I spea t ae self learl understd? In tring t anser these questins, e see h iprtant tiing is t speehEEP UR SPEEH LESS THAN 1 INUTES Lin utang, the faus riter and tra nslatr, ne said abut the length f a speeh, “the shrter, the better” Speaing arund the tpi shuld be seriusl avided, nt nl in speeh, but in all nversatins in English Being indiret and rundabut in ur apprah a be thught sillful in hinese But in English speeh? N a hen ne is aing a speeh in English, he shuld alas sti t the pint, and use siple, lear, and diret languageArding t sientists, audienes an generall nl anage t nentrate fr abut 13 inutes S a 10-1-inute speeh is abut rightThe faus Gettsburg Address, delivered b Abraha Linln n Nveber 19, 1863 has abut 200 rds, but it still anaged t express the idea that all peple are brn equal10-160 RDS PER INUTE Speaing speed ften depends n the asin fr the speeh The nuber f peple in the audiene is als an iprtant fatr t be nsidered If u are speaing t hundreds r even thusands f peple, espeiall in the pen air, u shuld spea sll The idea is t let the audiene ath ever single rd f ur speeh Fr exaple, hen artin Luther ing spe, even t a sall grup, his usual speaing speed as nl 110 t 120 rds per inutehen u are speaing indrs t a sall grup, sa, 10 r 20 peple, u a speed up a bit Speaing at a speed f arund 200 rds a inute, u an still retain the audiene’s attentinS, e an see that the average speed is abut 10 t 160 rds per inutehether u are speaing sll r rapidl, the iprtant pint is t prnune ever rd learl therise, n atter h nderful u thin ur ntent is, the audiene n’t be able t fll u Use phneti sbls t ar the plaes u ften ess up, in advane, and pratise ever da befre u get up n stagePAUSE FR DRAATI EFFET If u ant a partiular sentene r expressin t leave a deep ipressin n ur audiene, u an pause a hile befre uttering it During the pause, the audiene ill gr urius abut h u hse t pause and the illanxiusl expet t hear the next sentene, hih is exatl hat u ant t happenBut dn’t pause t frequentl r t lng Ee ntat and a sile, ith a bit f bd language, ill als effetivel ipress ur audiene If u sipl stp suddenl and reain silent fr several sends befre u start again, the’ll prbabl thin, “h, he (she) has frgtten the rds!”21 aing friendsaie as lie a agnet---she alas had a rd arund her She asn’t espeiall prett, and she asn’t partiularl gd at sprts But she as ne f the st ppular students at shl Everne lved her!h? hat as it abut aie that ade everne ntie her? If her ls and her talents eren’t anthing t sh ff, hat did she have ging fr her?Here it is---shrt and siple---aie had learned the seret f h t ae friends and eep the Her seret is: Be nie t thers! aie as ind and genuinel ared abut thers: peple respnded b anting t be arund herGing alng ith this big seret f aing friends are a fe additinal suggestins: SILING SUGGESTS NFIDENE There is sething fasinating abut sene h siles a lt e are autatiall dran t sene h is happ earing a sile usuall iplies the persn behind it is apprahable An apprahable persn aes thers feel at ease and frtableSiles als nve nfidene, hih is reall iprtant hen aing friends u dn’t have t atuall feel nfident t sile, but hen u d, peple ill thin u are Furtherre, the re u sile, the re natural ur sile ill be u’ll gain nfidene fr siling!LEARN T LISTEN AND TAL Everne ants t tal e all have a str t tell Eah f us ens having sene listen t hat e sa It aes us feel iprtant hen sene is trul interested in hat e’re sainghen ther peple find ut u are illing t listen, the ill be taling t u! hen sene is taling t u, zer in 100 per ent n that persn Dn’t pretend t listen but reall thin abut sething else That n’t r in aing friendseanhile, dn’t put the burden f the entire nversatin n sene else u’ve gt t d ur part, t It is learning hen t tal that is iprtant Tr nt t tal ust t hear urself taling; n ne else an get a rd inEverne shuld learn t give and tae in an relatinship Learn t ve fr being the entre f attentin t fusing n the needs f thers dest is extreel attrativeTR T ADD V ALUE T THSE ARUND U Peple light up hen u regnize sething the d ell and let the n It nl taes a inute t give sene a plient r t ntie hat gifts a persn has It autatiall adds value t h the see theselves Tr t be the ind f persn h’s alas seeing the psitive qualities in thers Dn’t tear sene dn 22 hat des friendship ean t esterners?hat is eant b the rd “friend”? The ditinar defines it as “ne attahed t anther b affetin r respet” Aerians use the rd freel---that is, a friend a r a nt be a persn t h ne is reall attahed Friends a have nn eah ther sine hildhd r the a have reentl et It is diffiult t give an exat definitin f this rd as it is used in the US, beause it vers an tpes f relatinshipsIt is n fr Aerians t have different “irles” Ters suh as ffie ate and tennispartner indiate different tpes f friends The ffie ate is a friend in the ffie and the tennis partner is a friend n the tennis urt A persn a have an gd friends and ne best friend “Best friends” are usuall t peple f the sae sex h have nn eah ther fr a lng perid f tie Peple usuall have re asual friends than lse r best friendsAerians ve arund quite ften and learn t develp friendships easil and quil Abut ne ut f ever five Aerian failies ves ever ear Peple ve t ne plaes beause the begin ne bs, attend distant lleges, get arried, have hildren r sipl ant a hange in their lives Perhaps as a result f this, peple fr and end friendships quilRelatinships based n a n ativit a stp r end hen the ativit ends Students ight eet in lasses and reain friends fr the duratin f the urse and then stp seeing eah ther after the final exainatin The sae hlds true fr neighburs h are the lsest f friends until ne ves aa In these friendships, shared dail experienes fr the fundatin fr the relatinship Lng-lasting friendships develp hen individuals have siilar interests and a n utl n life the high rate f bilit in the US an explain a great deal abut shrt-ter friendshipsFriendship and friendliness d nt ean the sae thing Friendliness haraterizes uh f Aerian dail interatin but is nt alas an indiatin f friendship Strangers a share life histries ithut an ish t set up a relatinship Instant friendships are haraterized b the appearane f t peple being lse but, in realit, there is n string nnetin beteen the T peple saing hell t eah ther after being intrduedfr the first tie d nt alas ean that the have a strng ish t develp a friendship an peple frequentl sile r sa “Have a nie da” r “See u later”, r even give an invitatin as part f a ultural pattern f pliteness Suh expressins d nt alas suggest an ffer f ntinued friendship23 AdH the ears have rushed b! It has been a lng tie sine I ne arget Sensn I as a hild hen I ne her, and n I self have hildren The ind lses an things as it atures, but I never lst arget--- first lve and first hurtI et arget Sensn hen she ined ur sixth-grade lassarget, ust fresh fr Seden, and I, a sixth generatin Aerian She spe ver little English, but seh e did anage t understand eah ther e t t eah ther instantl arget lived up n the hill That as the plae here there ere an large and prett huses I suppse it as nl in passing that I ne nl hite peple lived theree had s uh fun tgether e sat fr hurs in garden r hers, surrunded b grass Her rds ere Sedish; ine, English e laughed at the a eahf us slid ur tngues ver the unfailiar rds I learned the Sedish equivalents f hell, friend, and gdbe Hever, suh fun did nt last lng, and the disaster began at arget’s birthda partIt as a ednesda I arrived at the part earl arget and I ran arund quil, putting the finishing tuhes n the deratinsSe fifteen inutes later, the drbell rang, and in ae ar, anther girl in ur lass But after that nbd ae N nehen it gt t be after five, rs Sensn alled arget inside She as there fr a lng tie, and hen she ae ut, she led ver, ver sad “ ther des nt thin the are ing,” she said“h nt?” ar blurtedarget ast a qui glane at e, but she didn’t sa anthingI t arget’s hand “It’s e, isn’t it?” I said h! I reeber s painfull tda h uh I anted her qui and psitive “N!” t questin But I as nl aare f arget tring t slip her hand fr ine I pened hand and let her gIt as different beteen us after her birthda arget stpped ing t huse, and hen I ased her hen she uld, she led as thugh she uld rne da, uninvited, I ent t her huse, libed up the hill, and a restless feeling gre ithin e at ever steparget alst uped hen she pened the dr She stared at e in sh Then, quil, in a vie I’d never heard befre, she said, “ ther sas u an’t e t huse an re”I pened uth, and lsed it ithut speaing The aful thing had e; suspiin as nfired; arget as hite and I as nt I did n it deep ithin selfSine that eeting arget and I did nt spea t eah ther at alln the last da f shl, getting up a strange urage, I handed autgraph b t arget She hesitated, then ithut ling up, rte rds I dn’t reeber n; the ere quite n rds, the ind everne as riting in everne else’s b I aited Sll, she passed her b t e and in it I rte ith a sl, fir hand se f the rds she had taught e I rte Ad in van---Gdbe, friend I released her, let her g, tld her nt t rr, tld her that I nlnger needed her Ad24 Ran, his friends, and his inredible trh rune et in a bilg lass Ran sat in the frnt s that his heelhair uldn’t get in the a I, hever, believed that he uldn’t have gtten in the a herever he sat I greeted hi ith a “Hell!” and he replied heerfull L ater it prved that this siple “Hell!” as all it t fr Ran and e t bee great friendsRan suffered fr brain daage and had endured an an bstale et, he is able t g n living his life t the fullest He ns the ld saing, “hen the ging gets tugh, the tugh get ging” t the deepest and st persnal extentThe highlight f ur friendship ae in ur unir ear, hen Ran ased e t hld the flag that uld ar the spt here he uld begin his lpi trh run hen he ased e, I didn’t n hat t sa “h e?” I ased He gentl respnded that he uld be hnur ed if I uld aept this psitin He said that the lpi ittee sent a letter saing that the persn that hlds the flag ust be sene iprtant t hi, and I as iprtant t hi beause I as the nl true friend he had ever ade that taled t hi and nt t his heelhair H uld I refuse suh a graius plient and request?n une fifth, I t the flag and reahed Ran’s starting pint earl B then, the streets had begun t fill ith students fr the surrunding shls and the area residents Everne as exited Then ae the van that arried the trh runners All f the runners gt ut exept Ran The lined up utside f the van and began t hant his nae Ran! Ran! Then all f the peple that lined the streets ined in Ran! Ran! All I uld d as nt t rThe lift then lered Ran t the grund There he as, in all his glr Peple sa hi fr Ran and nt fr his heelhair It all beae sl tin at the sight f the arriving trh I gave Ran a hug and then stepped int spt The runner lit Ran’s trh and then Ran began his urne As he t ff dn the street, the hanting beae luder and luder The exiteent filled the air I uld nt have been an pruder f Ran! He deserved this ent in tie---a histri ent that he as a part f and alled e t be a part f, tThat ent ill last in tie frever It expressed the hle eaning f the flae: lve, enthusias, and brtherhd It shed us all that lve is reall hat aes this sall rld g arund2 The father f dern phsisAlbert Einstein as brn f eish parents in 1879 in Geran He did badl in st subets at shl, but as fasinated b atheatis, hih he did quite ell hen he as fifteen, his fail ved t Ital, and fr there he ent t Sitzerland t attend a pltehni shlAfter gaining a teahing qualifiatin fr the pltehni, Einstein t a pst as a unir ler in an ffie Einstein as happ t get suh an eas b, beause it gave hi plent f tie t thin abut phsis It as the “thught experients” that he arried ut in his head that led t a ne understanding f spae, tie and gravit(引力)In 190, hen he as tent-six ears ld, Einstein began t publish his thughts ne f his theries prvided an explanatin fr a puzzling effet, alled the phteletri effet(光电效应), hih had been ntied se ears earlier It as in 1921 that he asaarded the Nbel Prize fr Phsis fr his r n the phteletri effetIn 1914, Einstein beae a prfessr f phsis at the Universit f Berlin and all ent ell until Hitler ae t per in 1933 Einstein, h as eish, spe ut against Nazi ries As a result, he had t leave Geran and spent the rest f his life teahing in the United States at Prinetn UniversitIn the lng urse f researh, Einstein develped his theries f relativit These theries ere s different and ne that st sientists uld d nt believe r understand the, and it t a lng tie fr the t be aeptedEinstein’s theries als predited that slid bets an be hanged int pure energ This did lead t the develpent f nulear per(核能) and the ati bb(原子弹) Hever, Einstein hiself prtested against nulear eapns, and beae invlved in the peae veent after the First rld arEinstein passed aa in 19 at the age f sevent-six hat he left behind is a ealth f ideas that fr the fundatin f dern phsis tdaApart fr his sientifi r, Einstein fund uh pleasure in siple pasties Ang his hbbies ere sailing and plaing the vilin Besides, he lved the pan f hildren Althugh he as ne f the greatest sientists h ever lived, Einstein did nt tae hiself seriusl ne, hen ased t enter a nespaper petitin t rite an artile explaining h light is bent b gravit, he ed that the petitin as uh t diffiult fr hi t enter26 The survival f the fittestFr a lng tie peple had ndered h life had develped n earth The Bible(圣经)stated that gd had reated everthing in a ee Se peple did nt believe this “hat abut fssils?” the ased “hat has happened t the strange reatures hih existed s an ears ag?” the asedharles Darin(查尔斯•罗伯特•达尔，英国生物学家，进化论奠基人), a ung an ust ut f universit in 1831, as ffered a b n a ship n a vage f disver arund the rld Life n bard as tugh Darin as terribl seasi and as nl happ hen he as ashre lleting plant saples and bserving anials It as t be the st iprtant urne in his life It lasted fr five ears; he returned in tber 1836 Darin studied nature in Suth Aeria and in a grup f sall islands in the Suth Paifi n eah island there ere birds The ere ver siilar, but the shape f their beas, and even their eating habits varied Darin ndered h the ere different Then he realized that, lng befre, the had been the sae Eah island had different fds available nl the birds that uld eat available fd uld survive, this ight depend n having the right shape f bea He realized that the sae press happened ith all living things ver illins f ears, all plants and anials have graduall hanged int the frs e see tda hat e all “the survival f the fittest” he naed “natural seletin” Darin alled this sl press f hange “evlutin” It explains h an inds f reature, hse fssil reains, are n lnger aliveB 1846, he had published an artile desribing his vage He als began t thin seriusl abut evlutin and natural seletin, and rte t essas desribing his ideas He did nt publish these essas beause he realized his ideas prved the Bible’s ther f reatin as rng, and he as rried abut the anger and trubles theuld auseDarin spent the flling ears develping his theries and aing the perfet In 189 he published the in The rigin f Speies(《物种起》) It aused a huge r beause it seeed t den hat the Bible said His The Desent f an(《人类的由》), 1871, pinted ut that anind had e fr the sae anestr Darin as upset b the ppsitin ther sientists agreed ith his ideas and t up his ause The hurh prhibited the teahing f the Ther f Evlutin(进化论) in se untries Hever, tda st peple believe that Darin as right27 irale in the rie fieldIt is said that ever sientist has a hildhd drea fr his r her future suess Fr uan Lngpin, nn as the “father f hbrid rie(杂交水稻)”, the drea is that he ultivates rie as huge as peanuts, and farers an have a rest in the l shad f big rie plantsuan Lngpin as brn int a pr fail in 1931 Upn graduating fr the Suthestern Agriultural llege(西南农业学院) in 193, he began his teahing areer at an agriulture shl and has sine devted hiself t agriultural eduatin and researh He ae up ith the idea f hbrid rie fr the first tie in the 1960s In the earl 1970s, he sueeded in develping the rld’s first high-ield hbrid rie f great iprtane is his pineering r, hih has established hina’s psitin f rld leadership in this areaThe UN Fd and Agriulture rganizatin(FA)(联合国粮食与农业组织) has deided t get invlved in the r f spreading the verage f uan’s high-ield hbridrie, hih it nsiders the best a t inrease the rld’s grain utputIn the flling ears, inreasing grain utput f hbrid rie further shed the suess f uan Lngpin’s researh This ade hi firl believe that hina an surel feed her large ppulatin ith her liited ultivated landThis breathrugh in rie ultivatin has signifiantl ntributed t slving the fd prble in hina and the rest f the rld uan’s aazing ahieveent has n hi a great an aards and hnurs fr the United Natins and rldideHever, even ith suh a great ahieveent, uan n’t tae a brea In his ind there alas exist a drea, re pratial than that f his uth, that ppularizing the ne hbrid rie ith higher ields arund the rld an eliinate starvatin n Earth “If the ne hbrid rie ere grn in the rld’s reaining fields, the present grain utput arund the rld uld be re than dubled This an slve the grain shrtage,” said the sientistSe peple estiate uan’s atual frtune ight ae hi ne f the rihest peple in hina But he desn’t n fr sure hiself, fr he sees t are fr nthing re than his researh In spite f his bus researh r, uan Lngpin has anaged t eep se hbbies in his spare tie, inluding reading bs and listening t usi He ens dail tr ling and seties plaing the vilin28 Netn’s three iprtant lasThings that ve be ertain las Three iprtant las f tin ere established b Isaa Netn (1642～1727) (英国物理学家、天学家和数学家，被公认为有史以最伟大和影响最深远的科学家)NETN Ⅰ: INERTIA(惯性定律)Netn’s first la f tin sees siple: bets at rest tend t reain at rest, hile ving nes ntinue t ve at a unifr speed in a straight line---unless ated upn b an utside fre This resistane(阻力) t hange is alled inertia, and it explains a lt f everda experiened n atter here u happen t livene is that hen the ar r airplane u’re in begins t ve, ur bd is pushed ba against the seat That is, it tends t reain at rest despite the frard-ving fre f the vehile transferred t u thrugh the seat Anther aspet f this la shs that the nral urses fr freel ving bets is a straight line That explains h, hen u hirl(迅速旋转) sething arund ur head---suh as a ball n a string---and then let it g, the ball flies straight It neither eeps irling ur head nr des it ve ff in a seeping(做大幅度弧线形运动的) urve(曲线)NETN Ⅱ: F=ANetn’s send la relates the aunt f fre needed t ve an bet t the bet’s ass and tits aeleratin(加速度)Push a hild in a sing, r ride a planet arund the sun, and u’re using Netn’s send la f tin, hih states that henever u ant t hange the speed r diretin f sething, u have t appl an apprpriate fre The bigger the ass r the larger the intended aeleratin, the greater the neessar fre This la’s frula alls engineers t alulate hat’s required t launh a et fighter(喷气式战斗机) fr an airraft arrier(航空母舰), r h strng a seat belt ust be t restrain(抑制，控制), sa, a 160-pund persn hen his ar stps suddenl hile travelling at 60 phNETN Ⅲ: EQUAL AND PPSITE(作用力与反作用力)All bets, ving r at rest, be Netn’s third la f tin, hih hlds that in nature, unapanied(无陪伴的) fres d nt existu an’t tae a step ithut appling Netn’s third la, hih explains that fr ever atin there is an equal and ppsite reatin Eah tie ur ft pushes dn n the grund, the grund pushes ba ith the sae aunt f fre pinted in preisel(精确地，准确地) the ppsite diretin In fat, it’s the fre exerted(施加压力) b the grund that pushes u alng, nt the fre f ur ftThat sees dd, but it’s eas t denstrate Stand n a nearl fritinless(无摩擦力的) surfae suh as an il flr, r put n a pair f rller sates(四轮旱冰鞋) N tae a step Push as hard as u lie, but the il r sates eep that fre fr being applied t the flr, s there is n ppsite, reative fre exerted n ur ft The result: ur legs and feet a struggle t ve abut, but u dn’t ve frard29 liver ants re (Adapted fr liver Tist harles Diens)Life in the rhuse as ver severe indeed The eber f the bard f anageent had ruled that the hildren shuld r t earn their living, and that the shuld be given three eals f thin sup a da, ith an nin tie a ee and half a ae n Sundas The r, in hih the bs ere fed, as a large stne hall, ith a huge pt at ne end ut f this, the aster, assisted b ne r t en, served ut the sup at ealties Eah b had ne sall bl, and nthing re---exept n publi hlidas, hen he had a sall piee f bread as ell Never ever did the bls need ashing The bs plished the ith their spns till the shne again; and hen the had perfred this peratin, the uld sit staring。

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文examples.Americans’ attitude toward food is changing, too. The traditional big breakfast is no longer popular. However, coming to rediscover the social importance of food, Americans find that dinner with family and friends is a very special of enjoying time together. Like so many people in other cultures, many Americans are taking time to relax and enjoy a wider variety of tastes at dinner, even if they still rush through lunch at a hamburger stand.2. The world’s best ethnic foodHow can you travel the world without leaving your own country? Visit an ethnic restaurant! Trying foods from other countries is a great way to experience different cultures. People around the world have unique and creative ways of preparing food. The ingredients they use may surprise you.So what are the world’s best ethnic foods? Everyone has his or her own personal favourites,and so do we. The following are the world’s three best ethnic foods---other than Chinese food, of course!ITALIAN When you visit an Italian restaurant, order a pasta(意大利面食) dish. The Italians have hundreds of ways of preparing this food. Pastas usually come with flavourful tomato or cream sauces, which give the dishes a powerful, rich flavour. There are also different kinds of cheese.When ordering Italian food, you choose one main dish for yourself. You may, however, order an appetizer to share with everyone at the table. MEXICAN What’s great about Mexican food? Most of it you can pick up and eat with your hands!One major Mexican food is the tortilla(尤指墨西哥人食用的玉米薄饼). Mexican chefs mold this corn or flour-based material into round, flat shapes. The tortilla then gets filled with ingredients such as cheese, meat, sour cream, beans and other vegetables. Tortilla dishes canbe fried, baked or toasted. Don’t forget to add hot sauce---Mexican food is great with a bit of spice!INDIAN India is the land of curries and strong flavours. You can smell a good Indian restaurant even before you walk through the door!The eating method of Indian food also takes a bit of getting used to. Peal off some flat fried bread and use this “spoon” to get food from a shared dish. You can finish the meal with Indian-style milk tea.While Chinese food is great, try something new and expand your horizons. After all, variety is the spice of life!3. The global drinkTea, the global drink, is consumed around the world more than any other drink except water. Originating in China, tea has long established itself as the national drink of this country, the nation with the biggest population on earth.A century before the birth of Christ, teawas described in Chinese texts as a health drink that made one live longer. Tea is still being regarded as such. Scientific studies have suggested that drinking five cups of tea a day can be compared to having two servings of vegetables. Both green and black teas are claimed to be effective for preventing cancer, heart disease, and many other deadly disease. There is only one point people need to be aware of when they drink tea---it should not be drunk along with meals. This is because an element contained in tea can interfere with the body’s absorption of iron.Tea, a popular drink in China and many other countries, is carefully prepared according to local customs. The Chinese put loose tea in teapots, add boiling water, and serve it in teacups. The strong tea from China’s Fujian Province is drunk in tiny cups before dinner. Lighter teas with jasmine, rose or other flowers, are special to China’s Changjiang River regions. These are usually served after dinner to helpdigestion.In England people use teabags and mugs. Many English people, travelling away from home, feel at a loss if their favourite teabags are not available. Afternoon tea in England is still a time-honoured tradition. It’s a go od opportunity for people to socialize or discuss business matters, though now more young people prefer a cola.In Japan, a tea ceremony is often held while people are drinking tea. The ceremony, usually held in a teahouse, dates back to the sixteenth century. Guests follow strict rules set up then and the tea used is a powdered green tea. Though still practised today, the tea ceremony may not be as popular as it used to be. Young Japanese tend to favour other drinks.4. CoffeeWhen coffee was first introduced in Europe in the 1600s, there was a great deal of controversy about it. Many doctors said that coffee was a strong poison and should beforbidden. Others, however, insisted it was good to drink coffee. Then, “coffee houses” sprang up everywhere. Today, coffee has become a global drink and it is consumed by one third of the world’s population.Tests show that when coffee is given in large doses to animals, it can actually act as a poison. Coffee can also produce negative or even poisonous effects on small children. But for adults who drink it moderately, it is by no means a poison.Coffee contains caffeine. Most people believed that it is the caffeine that produces all the effects that coffee has on the body. Of course, the other elements in coffee have a role to play.Here are some of the things that happen when people drink coffee. The smell of coffee itself produces stimulating effects in various parts of the body. The blood vessels(血管) in the brain open wider so that the flow is improved, and this removes some of the poisonous substances from the brain. Coffee increases thepulse rate(脉搏), which means it stimulates the heart, and the muscles can thus work harder. Coffee makes the stomach work more actively, which is worthwhile for healthy people, especially when drunk after a heavy meal.Coffee actually produces different effects on the body at different times of the day! The morning coffee, for instance, helps the body get rid of waste products produced during the night. Coffee after lunch helps digestion. Afternoon coffee acts on the muscles and helps us feel less tired. And coffee taken in the evening seems to stimulate the mind and the imagination!However, there always two sides to everything. Caffeine is stimulating, so a lot of people avoid drinking coffee at night, which is the time when people want to go to bed instead of feeling stimulated. Furthermore, some people get hooked on coffee because of the caffeine, and that has always been considered negative.5. The Mexican (Adapted from The Mexican Jack London)Rivera was determined to help his people at the cost of his life. he fought against stronger and tougher boxers in the ring to make money for his people. He often lost at the beginning, but he grew more experienced.One day he was engaged in a very tough fight against a champion boxer, Danny. Rivera didn’t match Danny in height, weight, or skills. And he was not half as popular. However, “The winner takes all!” And Rivera stubbornly asked for all---all he had on his mind was making the money for his people.The fight was going on and on. The whole stadium was cheering for Danny; there were few on Rivera’s side. However, Rivera survived on blow after another; his excellent defence was frightening.Danny rushed, forcing Rivera to give him a clinch. Was it a trick? Rivera thought to himself.Yes, it was. But Rivera was smart enough to avoid it. He backed and circled away.He pretended to clinch with Danny’s nextrush. Instead, at the last instant, just as their bodies should have come together, Rivera went quickly back. He had fooled him!While Rivera was dancing away, Danny kept challenging him openly. Having run after him for two rounds, Danny found the boy not even daring to come near him. He started to throw all caution to the winds. Rivera was struck again and again. He took blows by the dozen---just to avoid the deadly clinch.In the seventeenth round, Rivera, blown heavily, bent down. His hands dropped helplessly. Danny thought it was his chance---the boy was at his mercy. He decided to strike the deadly blow. But before he could do that, Rivera caught him off his guard and hit him in the mouth. Danny went down. When he rose, Rivera gave him another blow on the neck and jaw. He repeated this three times.Danny did not rise again. The audience shouted for him to stand up. But the miracle did not happen.“Count!” Rivera cried to the referee. When the count was finished, Danny, gathered up by his assistants, was carried to his corner.“Who wins?” Rivera demanded.Unwillingly, the referee caught his gloved hand and held it high up.Rivera, unattended, walked to his corner, where his assistants had not yet placed his stool. He didn’t care. All he could remember was that he had got the $5000 he needed. “The winner takes all!” What mattered to him was th at his people could use the money to buy guns.6. PelePele was born in Brazil in 1940. Like many other Brazilian kids, Pele loved football and often played the game in the streets. He also went to school and did odd jobs to help bring in money for the family. However, what he loved best was to play football in the streets or practise kicking the ball with his father (also a great football player).Pele gained the attention of some coaches,first in the neighbourhood contests and later as he led his team to win the junior league tournament two years in a row. At the age of fourteen, Pele was playing for one of the first professional football teams in Brazil. As Pele became the most popular game everywhere in the world, except for North America. What had begun as a British sport became the favourite sport of people all around the world. Football became a truly international sport.Pele was in the Brazilian team in the World Cup matches of 1958. Before 1958, the Brazilian ream had failed in the finals three times in a row. Some sports writers said the Brazilians, though gifted, had no discipline. In the 1958 finals against Sweden, Pele kicked the winning goal, and he returned home a hero.However, he never forgot his poor fellow men. Pele owned dozens of apartment houses, in which he often allowed poor families to live without paying rent. He bought his mother the home he had promised her when he signed hisfirst professional contract. But the most exciting moment of all was in 1969, when Pele scored his thousandth goal. As football fans stormed onto the field and reporters begged for a speech, all he said was, “Remember the poor children.”Today, Pele is one of the most famous athletes in the world. He retired in 1975. however, soon after that, he decided to play for three years with the New York team. He could not resist the challenge of trying to make football popular in the United States, one of the few countries in the world where football had not become the national sport. In 1977, Pele retired for good at the age of thirteen-seven.7. The OlympicsThe Olympics are the most important international competition in terms of scale, skills, and number of athletes.The games are divided into two parts---the Summer Games and the Winter Games. The two parts are held in such a way that there are two years in between but four years before one isrepeated.The Olympics were first celebrated in 776 BC in Olympia, Greece, and were held every four years until 393 AD. Then, they were brought to an end by the Roman emperor. It was not until the 1890s that the world saw the modern summer games. In 1896 the first modern Summer Olympics were held in Greece because that was where the tradition started. After that the Olympics would move to a different city every four years. In 1924, the Winter Olympics were added to the schedule. The Games were to take place in a separate, colder place. The event was cancelled during World War Ⅰand World War Ⅱfor reasons known to all.Examples of modern Summer Olympic events are track and field events, ball games, diving, gymnastics, swimming. Typical Winter Olympic events are skating and skiing.The Olympic records are the world ones. An Olympic gold medal carries as much weightas, or even more than, any other gold medal won at other international competitions. The skills and determination demonstrated at the Olympics have come to stand for the peak of human physical strength and will power.It was not until the late twentieth century that Chinese athletes began to amaze the world with their excellent performance at the Olympics. Coming out number one many times in the Olympic events, Chinese athletes have brought home one gold medal after another in swimming, diving, gymnastics, weight lifting, and a number of ball games. At the turn of the twenty-first century, the world witnesses Beijing being selected by the International Olympic Committee (IOC) as the host city for the 2008 Olympics. This has added a brilliant touch to the picture of modern Chinese sport history.Though once marked as “the Weaklings of East Asia”, the Chinese have always been looking forward to achieving the dream of becoming a sports giant. After continuousefforts for years the dream is gradually coming true, and it is understandable why the Chinese let out cries of joy the ni ght Beijing’s bid to host the 2008 Olympics was approved!8. Stars from the southThe summer of 2001 saw Australians win the Cycling Tour de France, beat the world at cricket(板球) and rugby, and have a player in the final of the Wimbledon Tennis Tournament for the eighteenth time.Many countries would be amazed at that kind of success. For Australia, it was just a typical sporting summer. At the 2000 Olympics, Australia came fourth in the medals table. That does not sound so great, yet Australia has a population of only 19 million. There are more Olympic medal winners per head of population in Australia than in any other country.What is it that makes Australians a sporting people? This is a question that many people involved in sports have asked themselves over the years.Some of the answers are simple. Sport needs space. Australians have 7.4 million square kilometres of space to play sports in. many other countries are either too crowded or too small to encourage everybody to take part. Besides that, Australia is a warm, dry country. This encourages people to go outdoors to enjoy themselves. Furthermore, since 85 per cent of Australians live near the sea, they learn water sports early; and since sharks swim off the coasts of Australia, they also learn to swim very fast.However, it is not just the environment. The Australian government invests heavily in sports. Instead of just looking for the gifted people and training them, the emphasis is on trying to get everyone to join in. So Australia has a small population, but a large number of sports-loving people to choose from.Other reasons go deep into the history and culture of the country. When the British first found Australia they decided that it would be agreat place to send criminals to. Life for the first Australians was very tough, so they had to be independent and develop a will to win just to survive. Yet they also had to be able to trust each other and be willing to help each other out. In order countries, coaches train people in mental toughness and team building. In Australia, these qualities are part of the general social environment.Being far away from Europe also meant that Australians were far away from the centres of Western arts and cultures. As a result, sport itself has become a way of cultural expression and part of the Australian nationality. An English football fan wants to see the national team do well, but really cares more about his local club. For an Australian, representing the nation is the most important thing of all. Everything else is just good practice. Being good at sports is part of what it means to be an Australian.9. Why did I quit hunting?Why did I quit hunting?Well, it isn’t a long story, but I wonder if you will really understand.I used to be crazy about the hunting season.I could hardly wait for those dry, cold mornings, that cup of hot coffee and then the walk over fresh-fallen snow, a fine rifle(步枪) in my hand.There’s a thrill in hunting, an excitement that comes over you when a deer crashes out of the bush. You are waiting for him with death. After hunting, you also feel great. There’s the bit of showing off with the boys---the fine head of the deer hung high up on the wall---sure, there’s a thrill in all of it.There’s beauty in the woods, too, especially late in the fall. Sometimes you walk among the huge trees, where the sunlight filters through. It’s quiet and big, with touches of white and green and gold. And the silence is like that of a church.It was like that the last time I was in the woods. I was alone, packing a rifle, a thermos(保温瓶) of coffee and three thick sandwiches. I went up into the hills, heading for a well-used deer trail. Sure enough there were fresh tracks in the snow. I turned over a few rocks to clear the snow and settled down behind a little bush. It was pretty cold, but I was dressed for it and didn’t mind.I sat there for about an hour. It was then that I saw him. A deer, a big beautiful deer! He was off to my left. There was no cover nearer to him than 30 yards. Surely I couldn’t miss! I waited for him to realize I was there. I waited for him to be shocked and run away. But he fooled me completely. He came towards me! He was curious, I suppose, or maybe he was stupid---how else can you explain it?He was not quite young, but a deer in his prime. He must have known about men and guns. But he came closer, putting one foot before the other, slowly and purposefully. His big eyes never moved from my face. Well, that deer walked right up to where I was sitting. Then hestopped and looked at me!What happened next is hard to believe, but it’s true. And it all seemed quite natural. Just as when a friendly puppy comes near you, I reached up and scratched his head, right between the horns. And he liked to be scratched. That big, wild, beautiful deer bent his head like a young horse. In fact, he practically asked for more. I scratched his head and his nose poked at my shoulder. He didn’t even tremble. I fed him my sandwich! Yes, I know what a deer eats, but that deer ate my sandwich. Well, he finally went his way, down the hill and up the deer trail. Shoot him? Not me. You wouldn’t have either, not after that. I just watched him go.There’s very little more to tell. I picked up my thermos and the wrapping for the sandwiches, and started walking back. I was about half way back when I heard two shots, followed by a dull slam a few seconds later. Those two shoots usually mean a kill. I had forgotten there were other hunters that day.Those hunters would never know they could have scratched his head…10. Jane GoodallIn 1960, the twenty-six-year-old scientist Jane Goodall risked entering the thick bush. She intended to discover how chimpanzees(黑猩猩，缩写为chimp) were like human beings. She found out, instead, how much we are like them. Goodall broke new ground with her active involvement with some chimpanzees. She lived among them, ate and played with them and earned their trust by simply observing how they lived. Before Goodall, most visitors had frightened the chimps back into their rain forests. As a result, very little was actually known about them. Goodall, who insisted on going into the bush alone for longer periods of time, collected more information about apes(类人猿) than all other scientists put together.Born in London to a writer and an engineer with a passion for car racing, Goodall received their daring and imagination---qualities that,along with her curiosity, would serve her well in her future occupation. She was inspired at seven by the stories of Dr Dolittle, the scientist who could talk to animals. And with her stuffed toy chimpanzee by her side, the young girl spent hours studying worms(蠕虫，蚯蚓) in the garden, hens in the henhouse, and whatever insects she could find.After she graduated from high school in 1952, Goodall worked as a secretary at Oxford University. Even then she knew she wanted to go to Africa.In 1957 she was invited to Kenya(肯尼亚) to visit a friend, where she met the world-renowned anthropologist(人类学家) Louis S.B. Leakey. Goodall’s enthusiasm impressed him and he hired her as an assistant. Leakey later recommended her to a two-year research project studying chimpanzees in Gombe(冈贝，位于坦桑尼亚).It was a difficult decision to send a young woman, with neither a college degree norscientific training, on such a demanding task. Leakey had trust in her, but his colleagues predicted the young woman would fail. Goodall proved them wrong. Goodall tried hard to observe the chimpanzees and to be observed in return. Eventually, the chimps grew to regard “this white-skinned ape” as their friend. Goodall made a number of surprising discoveries.She found that chimps used tools to dig ants out of their hills for food. Goodall found that chimps experience a wide range of emotions like anger and grief as humans do. Her discovery was a significant breakthrough. Among her famous works are: My Friends: the Wild Chimpanzees (1967), and In the Shadow of Man (1971). These, along with her numerous films, TV specials and articles, made her one of the best-known scientists of the 20th century.11. Oceans under threatPeople use oceans for trade, travel, tourism, and recreation. We also take food and resources from oceans. All these activities can haveharmful effects on the oceans and the creatures that live in them. Overfishing and pollution are the most common problems. Oceans link countries all over the world; seawater circulates around the globe, so what we do in one part of the ocean can affect another.OVERFISHING In parts of the world, fishing boats with huge nets sometimes take too many of the same species of fish from a small area, causing some ocean waters to be overfished. As a result, there are not enough fish left to breed in these areas. This affects other fish in the food chain, and it affects people because there eventually may not be enough fish left to eat. In some parts of the world, limits have been set for the number of fish to be caught at one time. THREATS TO MARINE LIFE Some species of marine creatures are now rare because too many have been killed for food or sport. Tropical islands and coasts with coral reefs(珊瑚礁) also attract large numbers of tourists every year. Indeed, this helps people develop anunderstanding of marine life. however, coral and shellfish(水生贝壳类动物) can be destroyed by heavy boats. Divers, who stay under water just for fun or to hunt for souvenirs, are disturbing the natural cycles of marine life.POLLUTION One of the biggest threats to oceans is pollution from industry. Most pollution happens in coastal areas. In fact, many coastal cities and ports are reported to have long been polluted by chemicals and other harmful things from heavy industries. The industries dump these materials into the nearby rivers, which then wash them into the sea. Once they settle on a continental shelf, pollutants pile up. We do not know a great deal about the long-term effects of pollution. However, we do know that the North and Black Seas in Europe have been polluted so much that the marine life is poisoned and may never recover.POSSIBLE SOLUTIONS All countries of the world need to work together to share ocean resources fairly. Laws are to be made andregulations are to be enforced to prevent overfishing and pollution. It is also hard to make people obey laws when our oceans are so vast and difficult to patrol. However, we should all learn to understand how important it is to manage the world’s oceans now and in the future.12. What is forestry?Anyone who travels across the US sees so many forests everywhere that he might well wonder why the Americans have to worry about protecting them. Don’t they have too ma ny forests with so many trees right now?Actually, about a third of all the land area in the US is forestland. Yet, one of the most important things Americans can do for the future of their country is to see that these forests are properly cared for! This is being done in Britain and elsewhere.First, just imagine all the products we obtain from trees. Fruits, nuts, and sugar are only some of the foods. Buildings, tables, andboats come from trees. Also coming from trees are paper and toys---the list is almost endless.Second, forests reduce the danger of damaging floods and help control our water supplies. It is believed that the floods in China in the 1990s were closely related to the illegal cutting down of trees along the banks of the rivers. Under a good forest, there is rich soil, which easily absorbs heavy rains or melting snow. And, of course, our forests provide wonderful vacation spots for millions of people.Having benefited from all that forests provide, mankind has started to take good care of forests. The care of forests is called forestry, which is considered to be one of the many new sciences of our time. In fact, forestry has been practised in some European countries for hundreds of years.In most forests, it is important to harvest trees when they are mature. Otherwise, the old trees would take up space that could be better used for fast-growing younger trees. A large areaof mature trees, having been cleared, is replanted by hand or nature. Great care and skill are needed in harvesting and replanting trees to make sure that there will be a good new growth of the right kinds of trees. This is why forestry has now become a science.The country with the largest forest area is Russia. Brazil ranks second, Canada third and the United States fourth. Did you know that despite all the efforts to prevent them, about 200,000 forest fires occur each year in the US? And in Australia forest fires break out simply because the weather is too dry. Thus there is still a lot more for us to learn about our forests and our nature.13. Shopping in the StatesI love shopping, even if it is just window-shopping. Shopping in the States is always a pleasant experience. There are different types of shops catering to your particular needs. To buy groceries, you can go to the convenience store, the supermarket or themass merchandiser (such as Wal-Mart). To buy some clothes and big-ticket items, you can go to the mall or factory outlets. I go to two places most often, the supermarket and the mall.In almost every city or large town, you can find several big chain supermarkets, each with a good number of checkouts. They are one-stop shops since you can buy almost everything there: food, clothes, and medicine---you name it.Installed with automatic checkout lanes, some of these supermarkets have brought real convenience to the customers. Most packaged goods have barcodes and you just scan them on the scanning machine when you check out. Some items, such as vegetables and fruits, do not have barcodes on them. You need to input their label numbers, which can be found on the list glued to the scanning machine. These automatic checkout lanes help the stores reduce their labour cost and increase their efficiency. I was really thrilled the first time I used the automatic checkout lane.Shopping in the supermarket gave me other surprises as well. Once, I picked up two bags of salad at a supermarket. When I scanned them, the screen showed a different price from what was advertised. Out of curiosity, I went to the customer service counter and asked why. The lady who helped me went to the shelf to double-check the price. When she came back, she apologized to me, saying that the supermarket had not scanned the price properly. According to their policy, if the customer discovered a scanning problem, he would get the product for free as a reward for him or a penalty for the supermarket. When I left with the two bags of free salad, I couldn’t help marveling at the honesty of the clerk.A shopping mall in the States is composed of many individual specialty shops and nationwide chain stores. What impresses me most when shopping at the mall is its return policy. No matter what you buy, shoes, pants or big-ticket items such as a TV or a washing。

上海牛津英语高二上第一学期全部课文HEN system office room 【HEN16H-HENS2AHENS8Q8-HENH1688】S2A Chapter 1Reading My favorite sportSkiing is my favorite sport, even though I have only skied for four days in my whole life. Last year, my father promised to take me on a holiday if I did well in my exams. When I got straight A’s, Dad said’ ‘How about a weekend at the Botanical Gardens? ’However, my mu said, ‘No, you promised a special holiday. I think you ought to keep your word.’ And, despite the expense, he did,M y dream was to see some real snow, so in the Christmas vacation we flew to Seoul, South Korea, and then took a shuttle bus which runs back and forth between Seoul and Muju Resort. As the bus climbed through the mountains, we saw the snow in the trees. I was dying to get out of the bus.No one in my family had ever touched snow before. We were all like little children--- we picked it up, made snowballs, and threw them at each other!Then we checked in at the hotel. Our room overlooked one of the ski slopes. The slope was floodlit, so we watched people skiing until 10 . We could not wait to try it ourselves.The next day we had our first skiing lesson. We rented our ski suits, boots ad skis, and went outside onto the snow. Wearing skis for the first time makes you feel very strange. Suddenly you find you cannot even walk.Our instructor took us onto a gentle slope, and showed us some basic skills. In order to do up a hill, you have to stand sideways, and go up step by step. You must point the tips of your skis together so that you can stop. However, the tips must not cross, or you will fall. You should not ski alone in case you fall and get injured. To be honest, that first lesson was not a great success, and I kept falling down!However, the next day I definitely improved. I only fell over a few times, and I managed to do a few longer runs. I felt pleased with myself, and the instructor congratulated me, so I felt great. Although it was very cold, I spent most of that holiday skiing. It was the most wonderful time of my life. Nevertheless, it was all over too soon. Now I have decided to work part-time this summer, so I can earn enough money for another super skiing holiday.More reading Faster, Higher, StrongerThe Olympic Games have a long history. The first modern Games were held in Athens, Greece in 1896. Every four years,athletics from all over the world compete in various sports at the Games. The largest group participates in athletics.‘Athletics’ refers to sports in fou r areas: track, field,road and combined events. Track events, such as running and hurdling, test a person’s speed. In order to win a track event, a person needs to go faster than everyone else. Field events, however, test how high or far someone can jump in events suchas the long jump or high jump. They also test how far someonecan throw in events such as the shot-put, discus or javelin.The marathon and race walks are road events. They test endurance. In combined events, athletes are required to compete in a series of competition from each category. The most famous combined event is the decathlon. The decathlon involves ten different athletics events that take place over two days. Since the decathlon involves ten different athletics events that take place over two days. Since the decathlon tests all-around physical ability, the winner of the decathlon is often called‘the world‘s greatest athlete.’Although all Olympic sports are equal in importance, athletics is, in many ways, the best picture of the Olympic motto‘Faster, Higher, Stronger”. The desire of humanity to dobetter---to run faster, to soar higher and to push farther---is what the Olympics are all about.Chapter 2Reading Tutorial centresHelpfulI have been studying at a tutorial centre for two years. Thefees are very reasonable, and my command of English hasimproved greatly since I started.My tutors are all qualified teachers. They are sincere and kind.I have been helped a lot by them.One of my teachers was British. At first, I could not say anything to her. However, later I learnt how to communicate in English with a westerner.I think that the tutorial centre has given me a lot ofconfidence in using English.I go to sleepI have been attending a tutorial centre for two months. I have been forced to attend by my parents, but I do not think it is useful for me.I am always very tired after school. Sometimes I even sleep during the classes in the evening.Furthermore, the teachers are very boring. They give us a lotof supplementary exercises but they teach us nothing. I usually read comics during class. Sometimes I go to a video arcade instead. I think tutorial centres are uselessWaste of moneyI have studied at a tutorial centre for one year. However, I think that I have been cheated.These tutorial centres are only interested in making money, so they accept too many students for each class. However, they do not want to pay for good teachers. My English teacher was a university student who studied physics, not English!Very often, he could not answer our questions about the use of the language.In my opinion, it is better to spend more time on school work than to waste money at a ‘money-making’ tutorial centre.Good and badI have experienced both good and bad tutorial centres.In my first centre, I was in a very big class. My teacher wasan Australian. He just talked about his travels. I could learn nothing from him. I left within a month.Then I ask all my friends for their advice. As a result oftheir recommendations, I enrolled on a course at another centre. The teachers are excellent here and the classes are small. We have been taught many good techniques for developing our language and studying skills.There are both good and bad tutorial centres, so you must do some detective work before you enroll.However, the most important thing is whether you are willing to learn and to work hard. The key factor is yourself. ?More reading Independent learningIndependent learning is one solution for those who want to continue their education, nut have no time for it. It is often described as ‘a class of one’, because you work alone. You study at your own pace, at a time and place convenient for you. These courses can help you get a degree, help your career, or help you learn what interests you.One type of independent learning is the correspondence course, In a correspondence course, a school sends you textbooks, study guides, and materials such as video and audio discs. You communicate with your teacher by mail. Your teacher reads your papers and makes comments, Your marks are recorded by the school before they are mailed back to you.A newer style of independent learning is e-learning. With e-learning, you study using computer software or the Internet. You can learn on your own, or you can enroll on a course. Usually, in an e-learning course, students communicate with their teachers through e-mail. However, some students have been using video recently. This allows the teacher and the students to see and communicate with each other at the same time.Independent learning gives you the freedom to adapt yourlearning to your lifestyle. However, it requires self-discipline and hard work, so not everyone is successful at it. Those who are successful receive a real sense of achievementand satisfaction.Chapter 3Reading FashionMy topic is ‘Fashion’. Fashion is important to almost all of us. By fashion, we usually mean popular trends in styles of dress. When we do out or to a party, we usually like to wear fashionable clothes. To illustrate my talk, I have broughtalong five objects.My first object is this blouse. It looks beautiful, doesn’t it? It’s my most expensive piece of clothing, and I love it. Itcost me $200. It may seem very extravagant, but I could affordit with my own savings. It wasn’t ea sy for me to earn the money, but when buying clothes, I think the more you spend the better the quality. So you see, fashion is quite important to me.However, I’m not as keen on fashion as my brother Gary. Last summer, he won a free trip to London in a contest. Theorganizers wanted to show him some famous sights. But hedidn’t appreciate old buildings. He just spent all his timesearching for the coolest pair of trainers! For him, fashionwas more important than culture. These are the trainers he bought. Was it worth a trip to London to buy these? Well, I don’t think so. It was a waste of time and money.Fashion is very big business. Changes in fashion can create or ruin jobs. As an example, I have brought this blonde wig toshow you. It belongs to one of my mum’s friends. In the 1960s, these were very fashionable. But a few years later fashions changed, and women wore wigs much less often. Many wigfactories closed down, and hundreds of workers lost their jobs, which was terrible!Fashion can affect the na tural world, as well. I’m holding an old hat borrowed from a drama company. It’s made of beaver fur. These hats were very fashionable about 200 years ago. As a result, beavers almost became extinct. Luckily, in the 1850s, these hats went out of style and the beavers were saved.Finally, we should remember the saying,’ never judge a book by its cover.’ Clothes will not make us more or less clever,better or worse, more or less honest. I once saw a movie about Mother Teresa. She spent all her life helping poor people in India, most of whom were dying. In 1979, she was awarded the Nobel Prize for Peace. When she flew to get the award, she wore the same old clothes as usual, and carried all her possessionsin a little bag like this, which I bought in a market. This reminds us that fashion is not the most important thing in life. Thank you.More reading Uniform fashion good for young students School uniforms are not part of the traditional way of life in the USA. In 1987, Cherry Hill Elementary, which is in the Maryland, went against tradition by becoming the first public school in the USA to make students wear uniforms. The schooldid this to reduce trouble caused by the students’ love of fashion. Since this new programme has proved to be a good wayto promote safety and discipline, other schools soon followed. By 2000, 12 pert cent of American public schools requiredschool uniforms.The introduction of school uniforms has helped reduce school violence. Much of school violence is linked to the wearing of gang colours, which are the clothes worn by different youth gangs. In schools with youth gangs, the number of fights decreased by 40 per cent after uniforms wre introduced.Uniforms also send a message that students are at school to study, not to play. They reduce peer pressure and create school pride. These things help raise the academic level of the students.Although school uniforms are popular in some areas, this newtren has met strong resistance from many parents, some of whom angrily complain that uniforms keep students from showing their individuality. A few parents have even gone too curt to stop school uniforms from being introduced. For this reason, it is unlikely that uniforms will ever be adopted nationwade.Chapter 4Reading The hamburger businessIn 1954, an American businessman called Ray Kroc was selling milkshake machines. One small drive-in hamburger stand in California bought not one but eight of these expensive machines. Surprised by this Kroc decided to go and visit it.Arriving before the hamburger stand opened, Kroc sat in his car and watched. A team of young people in uniforms appeared and started cleaning the stand and its car park, making everything neat and tidy. When opened for business, the hamburger standwas immediately filled with customers. The staff were cheerful, fast and polite. The food was excellent. Impressed by the cleanliness, service and food, Kroc looked up at the name over the hamburger stand. It read, ‘McDonald’s Hamburgers’. Although started six years earlier, in 1948, McDonald’s wasstill a small business owned by two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald. Kroc suggested that they should set up more outlets,but the brothers were happy with their life and did not want to expand further. However, they did allow Kroc to launch other branches of McDonald’s for them. That was the start of the biggest fat-food company in history.In 1955, Kroc opened his first McDonald’s near Chicago, and many more swiftly followed. In 1959, the 100th McDonald’s was opened. In 1961, Kroc took over complete ownership of the business from the brothers by paying them US $ million.By 1972, a new McDonald’s was being opened every day, and by 1974 there were over 3,000 restaurants. McDonald’s came to Hong Kong in 1975, and was introduced into Shenzhen in1990. Two years later, the first McDonald’s in Beijing opened with more than 40,000 customers on its first day.Why has McDonald’s been so successful? Back in 1956, McDonald’s adopted the motto ‘Q. S. C. &V.’ These letters stand for’ Quality, Service, Cleanliness and Value’. In all of these areas, McDonald’s pay great attention to detail.For example, after years of planning, McDonald’s established its largest ever restaurant in Moscow in1990. To achieve the right quality, potatoes are imported into Russia, and farmers are taught how to farm them properly, as well as how to harvest and pack them.To achieve good service, McDonald’s has one of the best training programmes in the world. It even has seven Hamburger Universities (one in Hong Kong) where top personnel can learn management and customer service skills.By 2005, McDonald’s had over 30,000 outlets in 119 countries and regions. It sells more than 100 hamburgers every second of the day. While it does not yet have a restaurant on the Moon, no doubt a plan is already being made for one.More reading The rise of chain stores in ChinaDuring the last few years, the number of chain stores has greatly increased in big cities in China. Nowadays, within a short walk along a busy street, you are likely to find a chain store of some kind---a fast food restaurant, a bakery or a convenience store.Chain stores have become part of people’s daily lives. They may pop into a BreadTalk to buy a sweet roll for breakfast on their way to work. They may visit a Lianhua Supermarket in the evening to buy some food for dinner,\For a birthday, they might celebrate with friends at a Little Sheep Hotpot Restaurant. At the weekend they may go to GoMe Appliances to buy a DVD or MP3 player. Chain stores have become so popular that some people include them as a factor when deciding where to live.Why have chain stores grown so fast in number and influence? Meeting the customers’ needs is the answer. Opened inconvenient locations, the stores are usually next door to people’s homes and cl ose to bus stops or underground stations. They offer a wide range of products in a clean, well-lit and relaxing environment. Every store in a chain operates in the same way as the others do. That way, everyone knows what to expect in case they shop there. The prices are reasonable too.It seems that chain stores are a welcome development in China. They are certainly a new force changing people’s way of life. Chapter 5Reading Virtual realityOnly 50 years ago, computers were bigger than people. Today, people can carry their laptops with them anywhere they go. Soon, we may be able to step inside a computer world thanks to the magic of virtual reality.What is virtual reality, or VR? If something is virtual, thenit is created by computer technology and appears as if it were real. Virtual reality is a computer system with a special headset. When you put on the headset, you look at two tiny television screens. They are so close to your eyes that your mind will see the image as one picture, and you will believethat you have entered a different world. In many systems, youalso wear a special data glove. With this glove you can reach out and touch things in the artificial world.The first VR games, already sold round the world, enable you to drive a sports car, fly a plane, or fight an enemy. In the future, it may be difficult to distinguish the virtual world of the games from the real world outside.However, VR is not just for entertainment. One day, delighted children will be able to learn geography by observing exciting foreign countries without having to leave their classroom. They will be thrilled to learn history by visiting the pyramids of Egypt, or by hand-feeding friendly dinosaurs.In addition, business will be able to use VR for many tasks. Cars designed using computers can be tested as virtual machines first, before they are manufactures in metal. Architects will be able to make virtual buildings, which they can walk around and inspect before constructing. VR can help us in hundreds of ways.Despite this, concerned critics have warned that there could be dangers in this powerful new medium. Will we have VR games in which people can commit virtual crimes? After people get used to VR, will they want to return to reality? Will we forget how to live and work with real people?On the other hand, some people think that VR will help us improve the world. By experimenting harmlessly inside a VR world, we will be able to see the dangers we may face in the future. Then we will be able to avoid them in real life.No doubt there will be some problems with VR, as there are with all new inventions. However, one thing is for sure: VR is here to stay. Get ready to step into another world!More reading Wearable technology????????????Did you know that some technology can be worn?In fact, wearable technology has been around for some time. The first people to experiment with the idea were managers of sports teams. They wanted to know how athletes could use technology to improve their performance. Special vests, created to monitor an athlete’s body, can measure how fast the heart is beating and how hard the athlete is breathing. Scientists have also developed ‘cooling’ vests to help athletes perform better in difficult conditions, such as hot weather. Furthermore, an American company is currently researching clothes for soldiers to help them run faster, jump higher and lift heavier equipment.Before long, we will have technology in our everyday clothing.A computer hidden in a coat could be operated by a keyboard on one of the sleeves.Electronic sunglasses could show us maps of where we are standing and point us in the direction that we want to go. Our clothes could also monitor our bodies. They could tell us when we need to eat certain foods, take medicine or rest in order to stay healthy.There is only one problem with clothes like these: They may be difficult to wash. Electricity and water do not mix! You could remove the electronic parts before washing, but putting them back in again could take hours. Designers are now building small wires into the fabric of the clothing to solve this problem.These clothes could appear in shops any day now. Soon, we could all be wearing electronic clothes.Chapter 6Reading Transforming MarsEver since the beginning of history, people have dreamt of interplanetary travel. For centuries, these dreams have always remained dreams. However, scientists now want to make these dreams come true. They are planning to transform Mars so that humans can live there. Within 30 years, the first people will land on Mars and, by the year 2185, we will have established cities.In many ways, Mars is the planet most similar to Earth. AMartian day lasts about 24 1/2 hours (although a year has 687 days). While there is no water, there is a lot of ice in thetwo polar ice caps. The average temperature is -60℃.The plan involves changing Mars so that it becomes more like Earth. This means using the ‘greenhouse effect’ (which we are trying to stop on Earth). The suggested programme would havefive main stages.Stage 1 (AD 2030-2045).The first expedition arrives on Mars, after a journey by spacecraft of about six months. The members construct underground buildings, conduct experiments, look for good sites for future landings, and also check for signs of life. They can survive only as long as they wear spacesuits, because 95 percent of the atmosphere is carbon dioxide. Nonetheless, the low gravity (one-third of Earth’s) means they can move around easily.Stage 2 (AD 2045-2095)More expeditions arrive. Huge mirrors are put in orbit round Mars to heat the polar ice caps. The ice caps are sprayed black, so that they do not reflect the heat away. Chemicals arereleased into the air. As a result, the atmosphere becomesthicker and retains more of the Sun’s heat. If the greenhouseeffect can be started, the ice caps will melt, releasing water vapour, and the temperature will rise to -40℃.Stage 3 (AD 2095-2130)Next, plants are introduced from Earth. If these plants can survive on Mars, carbon dioxide can be converted into oxygen. The first clouds appear, and the sky slowly turns from pink to blue. The temperature goes to -15℃.Stage 4 (AD 2130-2145)The warming continues, melting more ice. Rivers and smalloceans are made. More people migrate from Earth and construct towns. Forests of trees are planted. Mars is looking greener. The temperature is 0℃.Stage 5 (AD 2145-2185)Mars is getting more like Earth. The amount of oxygen in theair rises, and the air becomes breathable. The inhabitants cango outside without spacesuits. The temperature reaches10℃.(Since Mars is 228 million kilometers from the Sun, it can never be as warm as Earth) Cities, farms and industries arebuilt all over Mars. The transformation is complete.More reading Chinese manned space flightsChinese people have always dreamt of flying to space. Around AD 1500, a man named Wan Hu made the first attempt at space flight. He sat down in his chair, tried 47 rockets to it, and then litthem. There was a big boom. When the smoke cleared, Wan Hu was gone. The people watching might have thought that he was successful. However, we know now that his rockets were not powerful enough to send him into space. He most likely was consumed in the explosion.Jumping ahead nearly 500 years, in 1992 China began its manned space programme, leading to the space flight of Yang Liwei, China’s first astronaut, in Shenzhou 5 on 15 Oc tober 2003. China became the third country, after the USA and Russia, to send a man into space. Yang Liwei spent only about 21hours in space. This time was beaten by China’s next manned space flight, Shenzhou 6, which began on 12 October this flight, Chinese astronauts Fei Junlong and Nie Haisheng spent five days orbiting Earth.In the future, China plans to have its own manned space station orbiting Earth. China is also developing a programme, named Chang’e after the story of a beautiful young girl who fl oated to the Moon, of missions leading to a lunar station. Chinese scientists are already researching on the idea of sending women into space. If China sends a woman to the Moon, the story of Chang’e will no longer be so difficult to believe。

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文及重点词组上海新世纪英语高二的教材内容丰富多样，涵盖了听、说、读、写等多个方面。

下面为大家详细介绍高二全部课文及重点词组。

高二上册的课文主题广泛，包括了科技、文化、环保等领域。

在第一单元“Science and Technology”中，课文《The Future of Transportation》为我们描绘了未来交通的发展趋势。

重点词组有“keep pace with（跟上的步伐）”“come into being（形成；产生）”“make a breakthrough（取得突破）”等。

第二单元“Culture and Custom”里的《Different Cultures, Different Celebrations》让我们领略到不同文化中的各种庆祝活动。

相关重点词组有“be characteristic of（是的特点）”“in honor of（为纪念；为向表示敬意）”“pass down（传下来；遗传）”。

第三单元“Environment and Protection”中的《Saving Our Planet》强调了环境保护的重要性。

这单元的重点词组有“be aware of（意识到）”“take measures（采取措施）”“run out（用完；耗尽）”。

高二下册同样精彩纷呈。

第四单元“Literature and Art”中的《The Masterpieces of World Literature》带我们走进了世界文学的经典之作。

重点词组包括“be basedon（以为基础）”“have an influence on（对有影响）”“be known for（因而出名）”。

第五单元“History and Civilization”里的《The Rise and Fall of Empires》讲述了帝国的兴衰。

重点词组有“date back to（追溯到）”“play a role in （在中起作用）”“bring about（导致；引起）”。

上海新世纪英语高二全部课文<包括AdditionalReading）及重点词组高二第二学期17. Words and their stories18. English proverbs19. Tips on making a public speech20. Keep it short for the audience’s sake21. Making friends22. What does friendship mean to westerners?23. Adjo24. Ryan, his friends, and his incredible torch runb5E2RGbCAP25. The father of modern physics26. The survival of the fittest27. Miracle in the rice field28. Newton’s three important laws29. Oliver wants more (Adapted from Oliver Twist Charles Dickens>p1EanqFDPw30. Enjoy the classics31. Is she guilty? (Adapted from The Prince and the Pauper Mark Twain>DXDiTa9E3d32. Mark Twain高二第二学期17. Words and their storiesEAGER BEAVER An eager beaver is a person who is always willing to do and is excited about doing what is expected of him.RTCrpUDGiTSuppose, for example, that a teacher tells his students they each must solve one hundred math problems before coming to school the next day. The children complain about so much homework. But one student does not protest at all. That student is an eager beaver. He loves to do math problems, and does not mind all the homework.5PCzVD7HxAThe expression is said to have come from the name of a hard-working animal---the beaver.jLBHrnAILgBeavers are strange-looking creatures. They spend a lot of time in the water, building dams to create little lakes or ponds. They use their huge teeth and work hard to cut down trees, remove branches and put them across streams. They use their tails to pack mud on the branches to make the dams solid. Few other animals work so hard.xHAQX74J0XHistorians say the beaver had an important part in the settlement of North America.LDAYtRyKfEThere were hundreds of millions of beavers when European settlers first arrived. The settlers put great value on the fur of beavers. In fact, for two hundred years or more, beavers provided the most valuable fur in North America. Beaver skins often used as money.Zzz6ZB2LtkYoung men looking for adventure headed west across the country to search for beavers. In their search, they explored much of the western territories. The trading posts, where they exchanged beaver skins for the goods they needed, became villages, and later towns and cities.dvzfvkwMI1IT’S IN THE BAG The bag---one of the simplest and most useful things in every man or woman’s life---has given the world many strange expressions that are not very simple. A number of these expressions are widely used in the United States today. Some were imported fromEngland a long time ago.rqyn14ZNXIWhen you are sure of something, you can say, “It’s in the bag.”EmxvxOtOcoThis phrase seemed to have arrived with the modern paper bag. Before, Americans used to say, “It’s all wrapped up.”Then, things you bought were wrapped in plain brown paper, or sometimes in old newspaper.SixE2yXPq5Another widely used expressions is “to let the cat out of the bag”, meaning to reveal a well-kept secret.6ewMyirQFLNo one can explain how the cat got into the bag, or why it remained there. But there is an old story about it. Long ago tradesman sold things in large cloth bags. Once a woman asked for a pig. The tradesman held up his cloth bag. Inside there was supposed to be a live pig. The woman asked to see it. When the dishonest tradesman opened the bag, out jumped a squealing cat, not a pig. The tradesman’s secret was out: he was tricky, and now everybody knew it.kavU42VRUs18. English proverbsCharactersTeacher of English: Ms Smith (MS>Students: Li (LI>, Mao (MA>, Anne (AN>, Rivera (RI>y6v3ALoS89MS: Good morning, everyone. I hope you all know what we are here for. The topic of our discussion this morning is “English Proverbs”.M2ub6vSTnPLI: So, I’m in the right group.MA: Me, too.RI: Me, too.MS: But I was told we would have four…and yet…AN: I’m coming. Good morning. Am I late?MS: Morning. “Speak of angels and you hear their songs.”0YujCfmUCwAN: Is that a proverb referring to my coming?MS: Exactly.LI: We have a saying in Chinese, which I think is very close in meaning…eUts8ZQVRdMA: Speak of Cao Cao and he appears.MS: Right. Well, “first things first”. A proverb is a traditional saying which offers advice or presents a moral in a short and brief manner. A proverb normally is a sentence, into which the writer often works rhyme. For instance, “East or west, home is best.” Sometimes it comes out in the form of a phrase.sQsAEJkW5TMA: I’ve seen dictionaries of proverbs.MS: Well, there are thousands of proverbs. They fall into three main categories. Those of the first type take the form of abstract statements. They express general truths. Here are two good examples: “One is never too old to learn.”and “A man who neglects his studies in youth will regret it in later years.”GMsIasNXkARI: I think there is some truth in both proverbs. To encourage a person who has had little education for some reason as a young man, we may use the former. With us, I guess the latter works.TIrRGchYzgMS: So you have to keep this in mind. Never use proverbs out of context. “One man’s meat is another man’s poison.”7EqZcWLZNXLI: I see. Then, what is the second type?MS: The second type uses specific observations from everyday experience to make a general point.lzq7IGf02EAN: “Don’t put all your eggs in one basket.” Does it fall into the second category?zvpgeqJ1hkMS: You’re right, dear. Then the third type consists of sayings from particular areas of traditional customs andbeliefs. “After dinner, rest a while。

上海外语教育出版社——新世纪英语高二全部课文(包括Additional Reading）及重点词组高二第一学期1。

Food in the United StatesMany changes are taking place in food styles in the United States. The United States is traditionally famous for its very solid and unchanging diet, chiefly made up of meat and potatoes。

Now people in America have many different choices: ethnic food, health food, and fast food, in addition to the traditional home-cooked meal.Ethnic restaurants and supermarkets are common in the United States。

Being a country of immigrants, the United States enjoys a wide variety of ethnic food。

Most American cities and towns are filled with restaurants serving international cooking。

Many even have ethnic sections：Chinatown，Little Italy，or Germantown. Having vast ethnic choices, Americans can enjoy food from all over the world。

Besides sections of cities, there are ethnic regions，which are well-known for certain food because of the people who have settled there。