英文字根词源精讲-刘洪波(免费)

3500词根词缀记忆3500词根词缀记忆：探索词汇背后的奥秘词根和词缀是构成英语单词的基础元素，通过学习和记忆这些词根和词缀，我们可以更轻松地理解和记忆大量的词汇。

在这篇文章中，我们将深入探讨3500词根词缀记忆的方法和技巧，帮助读者更有效地拓展英语词汇量。

一、认识词根和词缀词根是构成单词的核心部分，通常来自于拉丁文和希腊文，它们具有独立的意义。

词缀是附加在词根前后的字母或单词，用来改变词根的意义、形态或者构成新的单词。

通过词根和词缀的组合，我们可以理解和记忆更多的单词。

二、学习词根和词缀的方法1.制作词根和词缀卡片：将常见的词根和词缀写在一张卡片上，包括词根和词缀的意义和示例单词。

每天拿出几张卡片，阅读并尝试记忆其中的内容。

随着时间的推移，你会发现记忆这些词根和词缀变得越来越容易。

2.创造联想：与记忆其他事物一样，创造联想是记忆词根和词缀的有效方法。

将词根和词缀与已知的单词或图像联系起来，形成有趣的联想。

例如，词根“bio”表示生命，我们可以将其与单词“biology”（生物学）联系起来，想象自己正在研究生命的奥秘。

3.阅读和写作练习：通过阅读和写作来加强对词根和词缀的理解和运用。

选择一本以词根和词缀为主题的书籍，或者在阅读中注意词根和词缀的出现，尝试猜测它们的意义。

在写作时，有意识地使用词根和词缀来丰富词汇。

三、常见的词根和词缀在学习3500词根词缀记忆的过程中，以下是一些常见的词根和词缀，它们能帮助我们更好地理解和记忆大量的单词。

1.词根“tele-”表示远程或远离，例如：“telephone”（电话），“television”（电视）。

2.词缀“-able”表示能够或可以，例如：“comfortable”（舒适的），“readable”（可读的）。

3.词根“bio-”表示生命，例如：“biology”（生物学），“biography”（传记）。

4.词缀“-ful”表示充满或具有某种特性，例如：“beautiful”（美丽的），“helpful”（有帮助的）。

AB-,ABSaway,from分离字首ab,abs 源自拉丁文介系词a,ab 拉丁文的意思是away,from 等. 通常在拉丁文较常见的介系词形态, 有a,ab,abs 三种,后接名词为子音开头者用a,母音开头者用ab,子音t 与q 开头者用abs. 在拉丁文中即为字首,如aberration n. [脱离正轨],abduct v. [诱拐] 等,出自拉丁文的aberrare,abducere 等字. 在英文中拼法常见的有ab 与abs, a 则十分少见. 如abominate v. [痛恨],字根有ill omen [凶兆] 之意, 因此[视为凶兆而远离],便成了[痛恨]. absolve v.源自字根solv,solu [放松],因此absolve有释放的意思。

abdicate 让位,放弃abduct 绑架,绑走aberration 越轨,脱离常轨abhor 憎恶,痛恨abject 卑鄙的,卑屈的abjure (发誓)放弃abnegate 放弃abnormal 畸形,不正常的abominate 痛恨,憎恶aboriginal 土著的abrade 磨损,摩擦abrogate 取消,废止abrupt 突然,陡峭的abscond 潜逃,逃匿absence 缺席,缺乏absolute 纯粹,完全,绝对的absolve 免除,赦免,解除absorb 吸收abstain 抑制,戒绝abstract 抽出,提炼,摘录abstruse 难解,深奥的absurd 荒谬的abundant 丰富,充足的abuse 虐待,辱骂AD-to,toward向字首ad 源自拉丁文介系词ad,在拉丁文中为to 之意. ad 的拼法变化相当复杂,为了与字根配合,第二个字母d会消失或同化,而衍生出a,ac,af,ag,al,an,ap,ar,as,at 各种形态,如accustom v. [使习惯於],affix v. [黏上],append v. [添加] 等等. ad 原意虽表示方向,但与字根配合之后,则必须视该字的字根来定义.如accelerate v. [促进],由字首ac加上字根celer [敏捷] 而成, 字根也是该字的意思. 再如adapt v. [使适应], 由ad 与apt [适合的] 组成,apt 便成了该字的字义。

英文字根词源精讲English Word Roots: A Comprehensive GuideOne of the most fascinating aspects of the English language is its rich history and the diverse influences that have shaped it over time. Understanding the roots of English words can help us to not only expand our vocabulary, but also deepen our appreciation for the language and its cultural context. In this guide, we will explore some of the most common English word roots and their meanings.1. Greek roots: Many English words are derived from the ancient Greek language, particularly in the areas of science, medicine, and philosophy. For example, the prefix "poly" (meaning "many") is found in words like "polygon," "polynomial," and "polytheism." Similarly, the root "bio" (meaning "life") can be seen in words like "biology," "biography," and "biosphere."2. Latin roots: Latin is another major contributor to the English language, particularly in the areas of law, government, and religion. The prefix "omni" (meaning "all") can be found in words like "omniscient," "omnipotent," and "omnivore." The root "dict" (meaning "speak") can be seen in words like "dictator," "predict," and "verdict."3. Germanic roots: The Germanic languages, including Old English and Old Norse, have also had a significant impact on the development of English. The word "wolf," for example, is derived from the Old English "wulf," while "sky" comes from the Old Norse "ský." Other common Germanic roots include "house," "love," and "earth."4. French roots: French has also played a major role in the evolution of the English language, particularly in the areas of fashion, cuisine, and the arts. The word "restaurant," for example, comes from the French "restaurer," meaning "to restore," while "ballet" comes from the French "ballette." Other French roots in English include "chic," "cliché," and "déjà vu."5. Other roots: There are also many English words that are derived from other languages and cultures, such as Arabic, Chinese, and Hindi. For example, the word "safari" comes from the Arabic "safar," meaning "journey," while "ketchup" is derived from the Chinese "kê-chiap."By understanding the roots of English words, we can not only expand our vocabulary and improve our language skills, but also gain a deeper appreciation for the rich and diverse history of the English language. Whether you are a student, a writer, or simply someone who loves language, exploring the world of English word roots can be a fascinating and rewarding journey.。

刘洪波(Harvey)雅思培训界顶级名师，澳大利亚悉尼大学硕士，著名留学咨询专家，北京新航道学校雅思主讲。

幼沉醉于中国山水及音律，留学期间曾叫嚣：做遍七十二行，尝尽人情百态;又高呼:挖资本主义墙脚，为社会主义添砖加瓦。

现好抚琴阅经。

其散文《不可说》《卖花男》《六天五夜》《劳动人民》等被《海外文摘》《青年文摘》等众多杂志报纸登载，广为流传。

其著作《雅思阅读真经》荣登2004年雅思类图书排行榜榜首；其散文集Dances with Fish Bones《与鱼共舞》被誉为21世纪留学经典读物。

我尝叹芸芸众生中多数人学英语背单词是不得已而为之，以此为苦；当然也有以此为乐者，但只是零星少数。

我虽幸属于后者，但独乐乐，不如众乐乐。

所以写下一些文字，想与大家分享一些词汇研究的快乐。

在词汇学习中最能使人兴趣盎然的是词源学和单词所承载的文化。

英语中80％是外来词汇，是一种典型的大杂烩语言，其中古希腊语和拉丁文占了很大的比例，所以古希腊和古罗马人的言行风俗对英语词汇的影响相当深远。

例如：在没有电视、DVD、电脑的晚上，在无法QQ、CS、连连看的古代，最能引起古人们兴趣的莫过于广阔神秘的星空了。

当他们在夜里仰望星辰，遐想联翩之际，当古罗马星象学家Astrologist凝神苦思，演算帝国命运之时，单词consider产生了。

con-指together（一起），sider指星星。

源于拉丁语“和星星在一起，观测星辰”之意。

古人们通过观测星象来推测人间的吉凶祸福。

如同现代人有通过看黄历来考虑什么日子宜婚丧嫁娶一样。

所以古人们观测星辰的这一动作，就是我们现在常说的consider（考虑）。

如果在夜观天象时人们突然发现，亘古不变的一颗星辰今夜偶有偏移，那叫做星位不正，主大凶。

这种思想体现在另一个单词disaster上。

前缀dis表否定，而aster的字母组合表示星星，如asterisk 指“*”号；asteroid 指“小行星”。

英语词根大全
tour 迂回，转 trud,trus 推，冲 tut,tuit 监护，看管 umbr 阴影 ut,us 用 vas 走，漫游 val 强 van 空，无 ver(i) 真实 voc,vok 声音，叫喊
英语词根大全
vol,volunt 意志，意愿 volu,volv 滚
fact=do,make 做，作 fer=bring,carry 带拿 flor=flower 花 flu=flow 流 fus=pour 灌，流，倾泄 grad=step,go,grade 步，走，级 gram=write,draw 写，画，文字，图形 graph=write,records 写，画，记录器，图形 gress=go,walk 行走 habit=dwell 居住
英语词根大全
flat 吹 flect,flex 弯曲 flict 打击 frag,fract 破，折 frig 冷 fug 逃，散 fund,found 底，基础 gam 婚姻 gram 谷物，谷粒 grav 重
英语词根大全
Greg 群，集合 gyn,gynce(o) 妇女 hal 呼吸 helic(o) 螺旋 hes,her 粘着 ign 火 integr 整，全 junct 连接，连结 later 边 leg 读181,leg,legis法
英语词根大全
lingu=language 语言 liter=letter 文字，字母 loc=place 地方 log=speak 言，说 loqu=speak 言，说 lun=moon 月亮 man=dwell,stay 居住，停留 manu=hand 手 mar=sea 海 medi=middle 中间
英语词根大全
ras,rad 擦，刮 rid,ris 笑 rod,ros 咬，啮 rot 轮，转 rud 原始，粗野 rur,rus 农村 sat,satis,satur 足，满，饱 sen 老 simil,simul 相似，相同 sol 单独

雅思阅读考点词汇X洪波解析+同义替换考点核心词abandon abstract accelerate * access *Acknowledge=Admit=recognize express gratitude for；=notice=accept as legally binding and valid=accept (sb) to be what is claimed or accept his power and authority-----The crown prince was ackownledged as the heir TO the throne *adapt to * addictive adjust *admit adversity=hardship misfortune affliction /hard knocks /Disaster tragedy grief evil= a stroke of ill fortune; a calamitous events-adverse=harmful inauspicious untoward contrary counteraggression=hostility violence invasion infringement-hostile=unfriendlyagreeableAidAllergic=Hypersensitive hypersensitizedhypersensitised Sensitized sensitisedsupersensitizedalter * alternativealtitude analyse * ancient * applicationapply to * appreciate * approach * approvearray=series of/ranging=clothes/thread/garmentan array of troops/books/emotions/fruit and vegetables artificial *Assess对人judgment对物calculate estimate=evaluate valuate value measure=tax* assign-assignment=任命职务，任务sb to a post=delegate designate depute *assign a task to children=give out/allot sthassociation attitude authority avoid *bacteria based on * be consistent with be liable tobe subject to bear beneficial * blightboundary budget burden calamitycalculate capacity catastrophic catercertify characteristic chronic=long-lasting suffering* civic cognitive coin ment munal反义individual词根mune公社munitymunalismmunalistmute=transpose=travel back and forth=exchange convert pare pensate plicateply with ponent prehend concealconcentrate concur confer confidentialconfuse conscious * conservative considerable constrain consult contemporary contingent controversial convention * co-operation co-ordinate correlation courtship crash credibilitycrisis criteria * criticism cuecurriculum * damp dazzle deadlinedeficiency delay delivery * demanding *democratic demographic dental depend on *depression derive * designate detaindetect * determine * devastate differdiminish disaster disclose disparate-disparitydisplay disrupt distinguish * distractdistribute diversity * documentation domaindomestic * donate dramatic droughtdue to * dynamics ecosystem elaborateelderly eliminate elusive emphasize *encyclopaedia endanger enormous * entrepreneurshipequal equator erode-perish腐蚀侵蚀* escapeestablished estate ethical伦理上的evenlyeventually evidence evolve exaggerate *Exceptional例外的异常的异议exchange * exclusive * exhaustedexperiment expert * expertise explicitExploit功勋；开发开采剥夺extend-extension extinct 灭绝的* extractextreme faculty famine feasiblefeature fertilise* financial * finitefitness focus on * foe敌人危害物formatfragile * freeze fulfill fund *fundamental * gene geo‘graphic giftedgrant graphic guarantee * habitathalt harbor hardship harmonise使和谐harsh hazard 危险冒险；冒...的危险hinder阻碍identify * ignore * imitate * immediate立即的直接的immunity免疫力豁免权，免除*impact impaired损害impressive in accordance with inaccurate inactive inappropriate incentive动机刺激；刺激的Induce引诱引起* indulge inevitable * infest骚扰感染扰乱inherit 继承；成为继承人* initial * initiate innate 先天的固有的与生俱来的installment integrate intelligence intenseinteraction interference干扰干预妨碍interior内部的interruptinvolve isolate * keen敏锐敏捷渴望热爱labellack landscape latitude纬度界限活动X围legal Legitimate合法的正当的合理的；使合法=legitimize legislate用立法规定，立法，制定法律legislation立法，法律* likelihood可能性limb分支枝干肢臂limitation *linguistic link log look-in迅速一瞥，顺便看望Lopsided=imbalanced倾向一方的不平衡的loss * magnetic=geomagnetic地磁的有磁性的，有吸引力的=charismatic，attractive* mainlyMalfunction=misfunction发生故障不起作用；故障失灵，疾病mammal manage to do manifestmanufacture 制造，制造业Marine船舶的海产的航海的，海运业，舰队水兵海军massive * matemeasure * mechanism机制原理途径，机械装置mental mercury水银，水星，温度表，精神元气Meteorological流星migrate military * minimise *modify * moisture水分湿度潮湿降雨量monitor moral Mortal凡人的终有一死的-immortal不朽的不死的motif主题动机主旨mould模具，浇筑用泥土覆盖，发霉nativeNocturnal夜间发生的-nocturne夜景夜曲夜景画Norm标准standard规Xnormal惯例pattern notoriety-notoriousnourishmentnutrient obey objective obligationobtain oddodour气味smell aroma scent声誉prestige offensiveofficial opportunity optimum最适宜的optimal option * ordinary organ original * other thanout of the question overe overtake paralyse使麻痹无力瘫痪Paramount最重要至高无上的=overriding推翻践踏不顾predominant predominate preponderant preponderating占据优势胜过压倒，最高统治者participate particular patient pattern peakperceive *peripheral外围的次要的神经末梢的，外部设备permit persuade pessimistic phasephysical plagiarise剽窃抄袭Plague瘟疫epidemic disease，pest灾难捣乱annoyance折磨使苦恼=harass hassle harry chivy使灾祸=blight破坏使枯萎plenty ofplot portable pose potential *poverty praise predict prefer to *Preferential优先的pressing primary * principalprinciple * priority private profit *Prohibit=forbid interdict proscribe disallowStem block dispute bar banprolong promote promptproperty * proportion * prosper provision规定条款，供给品=supply*purify qualify quantity *radical激进的extremist revolutionary根本的fundamental ultimate彻底的plete thorough ，根底stem root base原子团range rapid * rare raterather than * react realise * recognizeRecreation=entertainment amusement pleasure reduction refer to regulaterehearsal reject relevant reliancereligious reluctant=unwilling to-reluct对抗不同意rely on * remain *reproduce resemble * resistance responsiblerestrict * result from * retain *Revision=alternation=revise rescriptreviveRudimentary=fundamental underlying-rudiment ruin scenicsecrete * separate * setting settle *shade shift * signal similar *skepticism soarSolicitvt. 征求；招揽；请求；乞求begvi. 征求；招揽；恳求；请求sophisticate *specific * stable standard steerstem fromstride n. 大步；步幅；进展vt. 跨过；大踏步走过；跨坐在…vi. 跨；跨过；大步行走Make big stridessubdivide vi. 细分，再分vt. 把……再分，把……细分substancesubstitute * subtle sufficiency superiorsupersedeadj. 作废的；被取代的supplement suppressvt. 抑制refrain control subdue；镇压；oppress crush conquer废止inhibitSupremacy=dominationsurrounding * surveillance=observation supervision monitoring oversightsurvive * suspicious=mistrustful untrustingSustenance-sustain support survival foodswift =fast* symbol symptomSyntheticadj. 综合的~substance；合成的，人造的n. 合成物tension term thanks to *therapy threatthroughout=from first to lastTolln. 通行费；代价；钟声；伤亡人数vt. 征收；敲钟vi. 鸣钟；征税Toxic=poisnousTracevi. 追溯；沿路走vt. 追踪，查探；描绘；回溯n. 痕迹，踪迹；微量；[仪] 迹线；缰绳trackwordn. 轨道；足迹，踪迹；小道vt. 追踪；通过；循路而行；用纤拉vi. 追踪；走；留下足迹trait n. 特性，特点；品质；少许*Transcend=exceed surpass例句we have mon interests which transcend those differences. tremendoustriggervt. 引发，引起；触发tropicalUnbiased=just justical fairunderlie sth = base on sthunexpectedly * uniformunusual valuable vanish /fade awayVariation=change fluctuationvariety * versatile violent visiblevisual waste well-being witness.guixue.11 / 11。

词根词缀记忆大全
第一部分 通过诋缀觏识卅诋 （帯用利缀一） 1、a① 加圃卅诋惱诋根利面，表示"丌，斸，非" acentric 斸丨心癿（a+centric丨心癿） asocial 丌好社亝癿（a+social好社亝癿） amoral 非道德忓癿（a+moral道德癿；注惥：immoral丌道德癿） apolitical. 丌兰政治癿（a+political政治癿） anemia 反帯癿（a+nomal正帯癿+ous） ② 加圃卅诋利，表示"圃…，…癿" asleep 盦盥癿（a+sleep盦视） aside 圃辪上（a+side斳辪） ahead 圃利地（a+head央） alive 活癿（a+live活） awash .泛滥癿（a+wash冲洗） 2、ab-,abs-加圃诋根利，表示"盜反，发坏，祣厍"等 abnormal 反帯癿（ab+normal正帯癿） abuse 滥用（ab+use用→用坏→滥用） absorb 吸收（ab+sorb吸收→吸收掉） absent 缺席癿（ab+sent出现→没有出现→缺席癿） abduct 试拐（ab+duct弇寻→弇走→试拐） abject 可怜癿（ab+ject抉→抉掉→可怜癿） abstract 抽象癿；心丌圃焉癿（abs+tract拉→被拉开→心丌圃焉） abstain 戒绝（abs+tain拿住→丌再拿住→戒绝） abscond 潜逃（abs+cond藏→藏起杢→潜逃） abscind 庘陋（abs+cind刯切→切掉→庘陋） abscise 切陋（abs+cise刯→刯掉→切陋） abstinence 节刢；祡欲（abs+tin拿住+ense→丌圃拿住→戒陋，祡欲） 3、ab-,ac-,ad-,af-,ag-,an-,ap-,ar-,as-,at-等加圃叽辅音字殎癿诋根利，表示"一再"等加弧惥 accelerate陪伞（ac+company伔伞→陪伞） accentuate加速（ac+celer速庙→一再堅加速庙） accomplish弧刢（ac+cent唰歌→一再唰出→弧调） accumulate积累（ac+cumul埼积+ate→埼积起杢→积累） accustom使习惢（ac+custom习俗→习惢习俗）

英语字根词源精讲super－1. 超，超级superpower 超级大国super－2. 上superstructure 上层建筑super－3. 过度，过多superexcitation 过度兴奋supra－超，上suprarenal 肾上腺的sur－1. 上，外，超surcharge 超载sur－2. 使成...，加强意义surround 包围用在r前sym－共同，相同symmetry 对称用在b,m,p前syn－共同，相同synthesis 合成tele－1. 电telecommunication 电信tele－2. 远程telemetry 远距离测量tetra－四tetrachord 四弦乐器trans－1. 越过，横过，超translucent 半透明的trans－2. 转移，变换transport 运输tri－三triangle 三角twi－二，两twin 双胞胎ultra－1. 极端ultrathin 极薄的ultra－2. 超，以外ultramarine 海外的un－1. 不unfortunate 不幸的un－2. 无unmanned 无人驾驶的un－3. 非unartificial 非人工的un－4. 未uncivilized 未开化的un－5. 相反动作，取消unbutton 解开钮扣un－6. 由...中弄出unbosom 吐露（心事）under－1. 下underworld 下层社会under－2. 内（用于衣服）undershirt 帖身内衣under－3. 不足，少underestimate 估计不足under－4. 副，次underking 副王，小王uni－单一unicorn 独角兽vice－副vice－manager 副经理with－向后，相反withdraw 撤回，撤退－"s 1. 所有格(a) today"s 今日的－"s 2. 店铺(n) greengrocer"s 菜场－a 构成复数名词(n) stadia 体育馆单数以um结尾－ability 可...性(n) dependability 可靠性－able 可...的(a) inflammable 易燃的－ably 可...地(ad) suitably 合适地－aceous 有...性质的(a) carbonaceous 含碳的－acious 具有...的，多...的(a) sagacious 聪明的－acity 性质等（抽象）(n) veracity 诚实，真实－acle 构成名词(n) manacle 手铐－acy 性质等（抽象）(n) fallacy 谬误－ade 1. 行为等(n) blockade 封锁－ade 2. 物（...制成）(n) lemonade 柠檬水－ade 3. 人和集体(n) cavalcade 骑兵队－age 1. 集合名词(n) foliage 叶子－age 2. 场所、地点(n) orphanage 孤儿院－age 3. 费用(n) postage 邮资－age 4. 行为(n) pilgrimage 朝圣－age 5. 状态，身分(n) reportage 报告文学－age 6. 物(n) carriage 马车，客车厢－ain 人(n) chieftain 酋长，头子－aire 1. 人(n) millionaire 百万富翁－aire 2. 物(n) questionaire 调查问卷－al 1. 有...性质的(a) continental 大陆的－al 2. 行为（抽象）(n) withdrawal 撤退－al 3. 人(n) rival 竟争者－al 4. 物(n) manual 手册－ality ..性，（抽象）(n) technicality 技术性－ally 方式，程度等(ad) conditionally 有条件地－an 1. 属于...的(a) metropolitan 大都市的－an 2. 人(n) pubican 旅店主人－ance 情况等（抽象）(n) buoyance 浮力－ancy 情况等（抽象）(n) elegancy 优美，高雅－aneity 性质等（抽象）(n) contemporaneity 同时代－aneous 有...性质的(a) subterraneous 地下的－ant 1. 属于...的(a) luxuriant 奢华的－ant 2. 人(n) participant 参与者－ant 3. 物(n) excitant 兴奋剂－ar 1. 有...性质的(a) consular 领事的－ar 2. 人(n) liar 说谎的人－ar 3. 物(n) altar 祭坛－ard 人（贬义）(n) bastard 私生子－arian 1. 人(n) parliamentarian 国会议员－arian 2. 兼形容词(n,a) vegetarian吃素者（的）－arily 有...性质地(ad) extraordinarily 不寻常地－arium 场所，...馆(n) planetarium 天文馆－ary 1. 有...性质的(a) customary 习惯的－ary 2. 场所，地点(n) apiary 养蜂场－ary 3. 人(n) secretary 书记，秘书－ary 4. 物(n) glossary 词汇表－asm 性质（抽象）(n) sarcasm 讥讽－ast 人(n) enthusiast 热心者－aster 人（卑称）(n) medicaster 江湖医生－ate 1. 做，造成(v) activate 激活－ate 2. 有...性质的(a) private 私人的－ate 3. 人(n) graduate 毕业生－ate 4. 职位，职权(n) professoriate 教授职位－ate 5. 构成化学名词(n) acetate 醋酸盐－atic 有...性质的(a) diagrammatic 图解的－ation 1. 行为，情况(n) invitation 邀请－ation 2. 行为的过程(n) reformation 改革－ative 与...有关的(a) affirmative 肯定的－ator 做...工作的人，物(n) calculator 计算机－atory 1. 具有...的(a) exclamatory 感叹的－atory 2. 场所，地点(n) observatory 天文台－cian ...学家(n) clinician 临床医学专家－cracy 统治(n) bureaucracy 官僚主义－crat 参加者，支持者(n) democrat 民主主义者－cy 性质，状态(n) infancy 幼年期－dom 1. 情况，身分(n) freedom 自由－dom 2. 领域，...界(n) sportsdom 体育界－e 构成复数名词(n) larvae 幼虫单数以a结尾－ed 1. 构成过去式(v) showed 展示规则动词－ed 2. 构成过去分词(v) published 出版规则动词－ed 3. 已完成的(a) destroyed 毁灭的－ee 受动者(n) employee 雇员－eer 关系者，管理者(n) volunteer 志愿者－en 1. 含...的，...制的(a) golden 含金的－en 2. 使成为(v) widen 加宽－ence 性质，状态，行为(n) existence 存在－ent 有...性质的(a) deterrent 妨碍的－er 1. 人(n) fighter 战士－er 2. ...的住民(n) villager 村民－er 3. 制作者(n) hatter 帽商－er 4. 物(n) harvester 收割机－er 5. 更... (a,ad) better 更好的比较级－ern 在...方的(a) northern 北方的－es 1. 构成复数名词(n) bushes 灌木单数或原型结尾ch,is,o,s,sh,x,z－es 2. 第三人称单数(v) does 做－ese ...民族的(a) Japanese 日本的－ess 阴性(n) airhostess 空姐－est 最... (a,ad) nicest 最佳的最高级－et 小(n) floweret 小花－fold ...倍的，...重的(a) multifold 多倍的－ful 1. 有...性质的(a) beautiful 美丽的－ful 2. ...的量(n) teaspoonful 一茶匙－fully 有...性质地(ad) carefully 小心地－fy 使...化(v) electrify 通电－graph 信号(n) electrograph 电传真－hood 性质，状态(n) childhood 童年－i 构成复数名词(n) fungi 真菌单数以us结尾－ial 1. ...的(a) industrial 工业的－ial 2. 行为（抽象）(n) trial 审判－ial 3. 人(n) official 官员－ial 4. 物(n) material 材料－ian 1. ...的(a) antemeridian 午前的－ian 2. ...民族的(a) Canadian 加拿大的－ian 3. ...的人，...学家(n) custodian 保管人－ibility 可...性(n) responsibility 责任－ible 可...的(a) possible 可能的－ibly 可...地(ad) terribly 可怕地－ic 1. ...的(a) basic 基本的－ic 2. ...的人(n) critic 批评家－ic 3. 学科(n) logic 逻辑学－ical ...的(a) identical 全等的－ice 行为，动作，状态(n) service 服务－icious 具有...的，多...的(a) suspicious 可疑的－icity 性质(n) authenticity 真实性，可靠性－ics 学科(n) physics 物理学－ies 1. 构成复数名词(n) counties 县单数以y结尾－ies 2. 第三人称单数(v) cries 哭原型以y结尾－ing 1. 构成现在分词(v) hoping 希望－ing 2. 正在进行的(a) developing 发展中的－ing 3. 构成名词(n) feeling 感觉－ious 具有...特性的(a) glorious 光荣的－ise 使...化(v) surprise 使惊愕BrE－ish 1. ...民族的(a) Turkish 土耳其的－ish 2. 有点...的(a) tallish 稍高的－ish 3. 有...性质的(a) foolish 笨的－ish 4. 造成，致使(v) finish 结束－ism 主义，学说，状态(n) socialism 社会主义－ist ...主义者，...家(n) novelist 小说家－it ...的动作(n) pursuit 追求－ity 性质，状态(n) solidarity 团结－ium （化学）元素名(n) calcium 钙－ive 有...性质的(a) attractive 迷人的－ize 使...化(v) initialize 初始化AmE－kin 小(n) princekin 小王子－less 无，没有，不(a) hopeless 绝望的－let 小(n) booklet 小册子－like 似...的(n) catlike 猫样的－ling 小（轻蔑）(n) starling 小星星－logy 学科(n) astrology 占星术－ly 1. 像...的(a) friendly 友好的－ly 2. 方式，程度等(ad) chiefly 首要地－ly 3. 每隔...发生的(a) monthly 每月一次的－ment 行为，结果，手段(n) implement 工具－most 最... (a) utmost 极端的不是最高级－ness 性质，状态，程度(n) illness 疾病－or 1. 人(n) emperor 皇帝－or 2. 物(n) tractor 拖拉机－or 3. 状态，性质(n) color 颜色AmE－ory 1. 有...效果的(a) satisfactory 令人满意的－ory 2. ...的处所(n) category 目录－our 状态，性质(n) favour 好感BrE－ous 具有...特性的(a) dangerous 危险的－que 概念(n) techique 技巧－ress 阴性(n) actress 女演员－ry 1. 性质，行为(n) rivalry 敌对－ry 2. 境遇，身份(n) slavery 奴役－ry 3. 种类(n) jewelry 宝石－ry 4. 行业(n) forestry 林业－s 1. 构成复数名词(n) rockets 火箭－s 2. 第三人称单数(v) plays 玩－s 3. 构成副词(ad) indoors 在家－ship 1. 动作(n) courtship 求爱－ship 2. 身份(n) citizenship 公民身份－ship 3. 关系(n) friendship 友谊－sion 动作，状态(n) revision 复习－sis 性质，状态，动作(n) crisis 危机－some 引起的(a) troublesome 烦人的－teen 十... (num) fifteen 十五13~19 －th 1. 行为，结果(n) death 死亡－th 2. 第... (num) sixth 第六基数个位≥4－tic 有...性质的(a) romantic 浪漫的－tion 行为，状态，情况(n) contribution 贡献－tious 有...性质的(a) cautious 谨慎的－ty 1. 性质，情况(n) safety 安全－ty 2. ...十(num) ninety 九十20, 30, ..., 90－ure 结果，动作，过程(n) procedure 程序－ves 构成复数名词(n) calves 幼仔单数以f,fe结尾－ward 向，向...的(prep,a) backward 向后－wards 向(ad) skywards 朝上地－y 1. 充满，有...性质(a) handy 手巧的－y 2. 亲昵(n) kitty 猫咪－yst 1. 人(n) analyst 分析者－yst 2. 物(n) catalyst 催化剂1.表示否定意义的前缀1)纯否定前缀a-, an-, asymmetry（不对称）anhydrous（无水的）dis- dishonest, dislikein-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregularne-, n-, none, neither, nevernon-, noesenseneg-, neglectun- unable, unemployment2)表示错误的意义male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调)mis-, mistake, misleadpseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience 3)表示反动作的意思de-, defend, demodulation(解调)dis-, disarm, disconnectun-, unload, uncover4)表示相反，相互对立意思anti-, ant- antiknock( 防震), antiforeign,(排外的)contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow(逆流)counter-, counterreaction, counterbalance ob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupy with-, withdraw, withstand2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀1)a- 表示“在……之上”，“向……”aboard, aside,2)by- 表示“附近，邻近，边侧”bypath, bypass(弯路)3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围，环绕，回转”circumstance, circuit4)de-, 表示“在下，向下”descend, degrade5)en-, 表示“在内，进入”encage, enbed(上床)6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部，外”exit, eclipse, expand, export7)extra-, 表示“额外”extraction （提取）8)fore- 表示“在前面”forehead, foreground9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内，在内，背于”inland, invade, inside, import10)inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间，相互”international, interaction, internet11)intro-, 表示“向内，在内，内侧”introduce, introduce12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中，中间”Mediterranean, midposition13)out-, 表示“在上面，在外部，在外”outline, outside, outward14)over-, 表示“在上面，在外部，向上”overlook, overhead, overboard15)post-, 表示"向后，在后边，次”postscript(附言)，16)pre-, 表示"在前”在前面”prefix, preface, preposition17)pro-, 表示“在前，向前”progress, proceed,18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示“在下面，下”subway, submarine, suffix, suppress, supplement19)super-, sur-, 表示“在…..之上”superficial, surface, superstructure20)trans-, 表示“移上，转上，在那一边”translate, transform, transoceanic21)under-, 表示“在…..下面，下的”underline, underground, underwater22)up-, 表示“向上，向上面，在上”upward, uphold, uphill(上坡)3. 表示时间，序列关系的前缀1)ante-, anti-, 表示“先前，早于，预先”antecedent, anticipate,2)ex-, 表示“先，故，旧”expresident, exhu我的好友and3)fore-, 表示“在前面，先前，前面”foreward, dorecast, foretell(预言)4)mid-, medi-, 表示“中，中间”midnight, midsummer5)post-"表示“在后，后”postwar,6)pre-, pri-, 表示“在前，事先，预先”preheat, prewar, prehistory7)pro-, 表示“在前，先，前”prologue(序幕)，prophet(预言家)8)re-, 表示“再一次，重新”retell, rewrite 4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀1)by-, 表示“副，次要的”byproduct, bywork(副业)2)extra-,表示“超越，额外”extraordinary,3)hyper- 表示“超过，极度”hypersonic(超声波), hypertesion(高血压) 4)out-,表示“超过，过分”outdo(超过), outbid(出价过高的人)5)over-，表示“超过，过度，太”overeat, overdress, oversleep6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示“低，次，副，亚”subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带)7)super-, sur- 表示“超过”supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass8)under-,表示“低劣，低下”undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足)9)vice- 表示“副，次”vicepresident, vicechairman5. 表示共同，相等意思的前缀1)com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示“共同，一起”。

英语单词的词根词缀构词法一般读者对我国汉字的构造法都有所了解。

汉字属于拼形文字。

英语科技术语的构词法也有类似的道理。

所不同的在于：它们是拼音文字，不是由偏旁构成的，而是由若干个（通常是一，两个或三,四个词素(word elements）构成的。

所谓“词素”，是指构成一个词的各个基本组成单位,它是由若干个音节构成的。

各个词素都有其语言上一定的来源。

例如: prewar postwar Interwar战前战后（两次战争之间）拆字Pre + war Post + war Inter + war词源（拉)（条顿语）(拉）（条顿语）（拉）（条顿语）Prae war Post war Inter war（before) （after）(between）前战争后战争之间战争上面这三个词：prewar，postwar, interwar拆出来的pre, post, inter, war都是词素。

这里面的“war”，叫做词根（root).由于“war”这个词根是从条顿语（Teutonic）演变而来的，所以也称为条顿词根(Teutonic root)。

同样地，如果一个词根是从拉丁语或希腊语来的。

便称为拉丁词根(Latin root）或希腊词根(Greek root）。

凡是词根，都有其本身的含义.例如这个war字,其本身的含义是“战争"。

上面那些pre—，post—, inter—，叫做前缀(prefix），是放到词根的前面，和词根结合起来构成一个派生词。

除了前缀外，还有后缀(suffix)。

它是放在词根的后面，一般是起着词性变化的作用.例如：industrial industrialize Industrialization工业的工业化工业化（名词)拆字：Industry +al Industry + al+izeIndustry + al + iz +tion工业的化上面这些—al，—ize，—tion都是后缀，放在词根的后面起词性变化的作用.后缀-al的作用是把一个名词变成形容词，表示“的"的意思.例如：industry(工业)+al=industrial(工业的）。

gn(1)-,gen-:认识，知道
cognitive:adj.认知的，认识的 cognition:n. cognizant:adj. cognizance:n. know:v. ken:n.知识范围；视野 beyond one's ken can:v. canny:adj.精明的，狡猾的 cunning:adj.狡猾的 *uncanny:adj.怪异的
采用PP管及配件：根据给水设计图配 置好PP管及配 件，用 管件在 管材垂 直角切 断管材 ，边剪 边旋转 ，以保 证切口 面的圆 度，保 持熔接 部位干 净无污 物
rob:v. robe:n. rape:v. rip:v. ripple:n. ripple effect: river:n. riven:v.使分裂 rivening:adj.
lay:v. lie:v. lager:n.贮藏啤酒，拉格啤酒
采用PP管及配件：根据给水设计图配 置好PP管及配 件，用 管件在 管材垂 直角切 断管材 ，边剪 边旋转 ，以保 证切口 面的圆 度，保 持熔接 部位干 净无污 物
lov-:爱，准许
believe:v. belief:n: love: leave:n.许可；假期，假日 furlough:n.士兵休假；休假，公休 She has my leave to visit him. I'd like to read the letter by your leave.
behave:v.表现，行为；举止 behave yourself: behaviour:n. behaviourism:n. behaviourist:n.
采用PP管及配件：根据给水设计图配 置好PP管及配 件，用 管件在 管材垂 直角切 断管材 ，边剪 边旋转 ，以保 证切口 面的圆 度，保 持熔接 部位干 净无污 物

第一期TO Learn A language is to learn a culture“在词汇的学习中最能使人兴趣盎然的是词源学和单词所承载的文化。

英语中80%是外来词汇，是一种典型的大杂烩语言，其中古希腊语和拉丁文占了很大的比例。

所以古希腊和古罗马人的言行风俗对英语词汇的影响相当深远。

”所以让我们在学习英语过程中在发掘出内在文化，提高兴趣和深化学习的内容。

Academy n. 研究院；学会；学术团体；学院Academic adj. 教学的；学术的Acadamy 最初是一个地理专有名词，指雅典城外西北角的一片小树林。

哲学之王柏拉图Plato四海云游归来在那里办学授课。

学校的大门口刻着一句话：不懂几何者不得入内。

后来这个单词进一步表示教授文科、理科知识的机构或社团----学院、研究院、学会如：Chinese Academy of Sciences中国科学院字根alt =high 高的来源于拉丁文altus，“high”.alter 高的地方----祭坛。

特洛伊战争中希腊联军的统帅阿伽门农为了联军的胜利吧女儿送到了 the alter of gods 的上面。

ex-向上+alt高的----exalt 提升，晋级；赞扬。

alt 高的+itude抽象名词词尾-----altitude 高度，海拔那么看看下面的几个单词有没有让你觉得更加好记。

看起来似乎可以拆开来呢？alter （ n.） exaltation （n.）altimeter （n.）第二期aesthetic (adj.) 美学的，审美的，有审美感的。

anaesthesia (n.) 麻木；麻醉aesthetic 源于希腊文，原意为“可感知的”。

该词后来逐渐用于对事物的美丑的感知能力或评价，即审美。

该词原意在其他单词中仍有体现。

如：anaesthesia, an-否定+aesthesia感觉---没有感觉，即“麻醉”怎么样是不是发现原来词汇中有如此千丝万缕的联系呢？因为今天的小故事似乎缺少了一点趣味性。

英语字根词缀（一）p1-14英语字根词缀（二）p15-16英语字根词缀（一）字首em,en,im,in 是英文重要的构词成分.共有四种拼法,em 与en 源自希腊文的副词与介系词,im 与in 来自拉丁文的介系词,有in,within,upon 之意. 所接的字根第一个音,若是p,b,m 三个双唇音之一,则拼作em 或im,以双唇音接双唇音,方便发音,如embargo n. [禁止入港],empirical a. [经验上的],impart v. [传授,告知] 等字均是. 字根的第一个音若不在双唇音之列,则拼成en 或in,如:enamor v. [迷住],incise v. [切开,雕]等等.embargo 禁止入港,禁止,阻碍embark 乘船; 从事,著手embarrass 使困窘,使局促不安embed 嵌入,深植embellish 美化,装饰emblem 象徵,徽章embody 具体表现,编入embrace 拥抱,包含,接受embroil 使混乱empathy 共感,神入emphasize 强调empirical 实验上的employ 雇用,利用,使用empower 授权与enact 演出enamor 迷住encase 纳入套内,纳入箱内enchant 使迷住,迷惑enclave 被包领土enclose 围绕encompass 包围encounter 邂逅,遭遇encourage 鼓励,激励encroach 侵占,侵入endeavor 努力endemic 某地特有的endorse 背书; 赞同endow 赋与endure 忍受,忍耐,持久energy 精力,活力enfold 围绕,笼罩,包封enforce 加强,力劝,迫使engage 从事,忙於engender 酿成,产生engrave 刻,铭记(於心) enhance 增加,提高enjoin 命令,禁止enjoy 欢喜,享受enlist 服役,从军enrage 激怒,使暴怒enrapture 使狂喜enrich 使丰富,充实,装饰enroll 入学,登记,入伍enshrine 奉祀於庙堂中,奉为神圣enshroud 覆盖,遮蔽enslave 奴役ensnare 诱入陷阱ensure 保证entangle 使困惑,使陷入enthrall 迷住impound 关於栏内,扣留imprecate 诅咒entice 吸引,引诱entitle 给与名称,使有资格,使有权利entrance 使出神,使神魂颠倒entreat 恳求entrench 挖壕沟以保护,确立entrust 交托envelop 包围,围绕environment 环境environs 周围,郊外envisage 想像,设想envision 拟想(未来)envoy 使者imbibe 吸收,饮immanent 内在的immerse 浸入,埋首热衷於immigrate 移居入境impair 损害,减少impale 以尖物刺住,围起impart 传递,给与,告诉impeach 非难,指责,检举impede 阻碍impel 驱使,逼迫imperil 危及,使陷於危机impetuous 冲动,猛烈的impetus 原动力,冲力,刺激impinge 冲击,打击implant 灌输,注入implement 工具,器具; 实现,完成implicate 牵连,暗示implicit 暗示,隐含的implore 恳求import 输入; 输入品impose 课(税),强使imposing 仪表堂堂,宏伟的impress 铭刻,压印,盖印; 印入记忆,使感动imprint 印刻,盖印於; 不可磨灭的影响impromptu 即席,毫无准备地,立刻的improve 增进,改善impulse 灵感,动机,刺激inborn 天生的incarcerate 监禁,下狱incarnate 使具体化,使化身incense 使发怒incentive 诱因,刺激,动机incaption 开始incident 附带的事物,事件incipient 刚开始,初期的incise 刻,雕incisive 敏锐,尖刻的incite 鼓动,引起incline 倾,倾斜; 倾向,性近,爱好include 包含,包括incorporate 编入,合并,具体表现increase 增加,增大incriminate 控告incubate 熟虑,深思,筹策inculpate 归罪,控告incur 招致indebted 负债的indent 留凹痕於indicate 指示,显示induce 引起infatuate 使(人)迷恋infer 推断出,推知,暗示infiltrate 渗入,浸透inflame 使动怒,激怒inflate 使胀大,使得意inflect 转向,改变inflict 使痛苦,施加(伤害等) influence 影响(力),权势inspect 检查,审查inspire 启发,鼓舞influx 涌到,流入infringe 侵犯,违背infuriate 激怒infuse 灌输,鼓舞ingenious 有发明天才,灵敏的ingenuous 坦白,老实,诚朴的ingrained 根深蒂固,深染的ingredient 要素,组成分子ingress 进入inhabit 居住,栖息於inhale 吸入inherent 固有的inherit 继承inhibit 抑制initial 初期,最初的initiate 发起,开始inject 加入injunction 训令,命令,禁令inlet 湾,海口innate 固有,生来的inner 内部,内在的innovation 革新之处,革新inquire 探究,调查inquisitive 好管闲事,好问,好奇的inroad 袭击inscribe 刻铭inseminate 播种,使受精insert 插入insight 洞察力,洞察insist 坚持install 安置instance 实例,例证instant 即溶,立刻的instigate 鼓动,煽动instill 灌输institute 创立,制定,著手instruct 下命令於,通知instrument 工具,器械instrumental 有帮助的insult 侮辱,对...无礼insurgent 叛徒,起事者intense 强烈,激烈的intend 意欲,计划intoxicate 使陶醉,使兴奋intricate 复杂的intrigue 吸引,激起兴趣,使困惑; 阴谋intrude 打扰,侵袭intuition 直觉知识,直觉inundation 狂流,洪水inure 使惯於invade 侵犯inveigle 诱骗,诱惑invent 发明,虚构inventory 目录,存货invest 投资,赋与invigorate 鼓舞,使强壮,使充满生气invoke 恳求involve 使陷於,牵累,影响inward 内部,心灵,内心的inwards 向内,向内部地EPI- upon,toward在上，朝向字首epi 源自希腊文副词与介系词epi,在希腊文即为重要的字首,组成的单字非常多,但在英文里却不多. epi 的拼法也可变化为ep,一般视后接的字根第一个音而定:字根第一个音若是母音或h 子音,拼作ep,否则一律拼作epi. 例如epoch n. [新纪元] (希腊文epoche),及ephemeral a. [短暂的] (希腊文ephemeros) 均如此.ephemeral 的名词为ephemera,有[朝生暮死] 的意思,照字首字根推断,ep 为upon,hemera 为day,upon a day[生命只在朝夕之间],即知生命十分短促了.ephemeral 短暂的epidemic 流行,传染性的epigram 隽语,短而机智之妙语epilogue 结尾,收场白episode 插曲epistle 书信epitaph 墓志铭体的诗文,墓志铭epithet 附加於人名后之描述词epitome 典型,缩影epoch 纪元,时期,时代FORE- before在前fore 源自古英文中的副词fore. 英文土产的字首字根不多,这是其中比较重要的一个.这个字首除了fore之外,偶尔也拼作for,如forward [向前]. for 除了有before 的用法外,尚有[分离,除外] 的意思,如:forbid v. [禁止],forgo v. [放弃],forlorn a. [孤独,无助的],forswear v.[革除,放弃] 等都是字首为for的一些参考单字.aforementioned 前述的aforesaid 前述,上述的fore 前面,在前部的forebear 祖先forebode 预示,预言forecast 预测,预见,先见之明foredoom 事先注定forefather 祖先forefront 最重要的地方,最前锋之位置foregoing 前面,前述的foregone 过去,先前的foreground 最引人注意之地位forward 前面,前方的; 向前; 提升,促进foreknow 预知foreman 工头,领班foremost 首要,第一的forerunner 前锋,先驱foresee 预知foreshadow 预示,预兆foresight 远见,先见之明forestall 预先阻止foretell 预测forethought 预谋,预筹forewarn 预先警告foreword 序,前言,引言INTER- between,among居中字首inter 源自拉丁文介系词inter,原已有between,among 的意思. 像interdict v. [禁止],interest n. [兴趣,权益] 等字是比较特别的. interdict 出自拉丁文interdicere,dicere 本为动词[说话] 之意,加上inter,由[以言语插入] 转为[判决],再变成现代英文[禁止].interest 出自拉丁文interesse,字根部分的esse 为拉丁文be 动词,原义为[在其中],后又引申出[互异],[参与],[利害相关] 等字义. esse 的第三人称单数现在式形态为est,因此interesse 拼法成为interest.interaction 交相影响,交互作用intercede 说项,调停intercept 中途拦截,中途逮捕interchange 交换,交替intercourse 交际,交通interdict 禁止interest 兴趣,关心; 利益; 使感兴趣interfere 干涉,干预interim 中间时期,过渡时期interior 内部,内在的interject 插入interlace 使组合,使交织interlude 间隔的时间,插曲intermediary 中间的intermediate 中间的intermingle 混合,搀杂intermission 休息时间,中断intermittent 间歇,断续的internal 内在,内部的international 国际的interplay 相互影响,交互作用interpolate 添进,插入字句interpose 置於中间,插入,仲裁interrogate 讯问,质问interrupt 打断,妨碍intersect 相交,贯穿intersperse 散置,点缀interstice 裂缝,空隙intertwine 交缠,纠缠interval 间隔时间,间隔intervene 插入,干扰MAL- bad恶劣mal 源自拉丁文形容词malus 和副词male,原义为bad. 例如: malediction n. [诅咒],malefactor n.,malevolent a. [恶毒,幸灾乐祸的],便是由male 转变而成,其他字则拼作mal. 有部分出自法文,如拉丁文的male habitus [病态,身体不适],法文即为maladie n. [疾病],因为古法文亦源自拉丁文,接著进入英文,逐渐拼成现今的malady n. [疾病]. malaise n. [身体微恙] 也是如此: 字根部分的aise 为法文名词,相当於英文的ease 或comfort.maladjusted 失调,不能适应环境的maladroit 笨拙的malady 疾病malaise 不适,不舒服malform 使畸形malfunction 故障malice 怨恨,恶意malicious 怀恶意的malcontent 反抗,不满的malediction 诅咒malefactor 作恶者,罪犯malevolent 恶毒,恶意的malfeasance 渎职,恶行malign 怨恨,怀恶意,邪恶的malignant 有害,恶毒的malnourished 营养不足的malnutrition 营养不足maltreat 虐待MON-,MONO- one 独，一字首mon,mono 出自希腊文形容词monos,原意为[单独,唯一]. 字根部分第一个音如果是母音,拼作mon; 如果是子音,则拼作mono. 如monastery n. [修道院],源自希腊文的monasterion [独居],后经拉丁文的monasterium 结合中古英文,出现monastery 的拼法. 由mon,mono 组成的单字较难,例如: monochrome n. [单色画法],monocle n. [单眼镜],monocracy n.[独裁政治],monogamy n. [一夫一妻制],monolingual a. [仅谙一种语言的],monotheism n. [一神教] 等.monarch 王,君主,帝王monarchy 君主政体monastery 修道院monograph 专文,专论monolog(ue) 独白monopoly 独占,垄断monotonous 单调,因单调令人厌烦的monotony 单调,令人厌烦的单调OB- toward,against,over相对,反对,全面字首ob 源自拉丁文介系词ob,原本即有toward,against,over 之意. 除了ob 的拼法之外,尚有oc,of,op 与o 的形态. 字根部分的第一个字母为c,f,p 时,则拼成oc,of,op,如occult a. [玄奥的],offend v. [冒犯,触怒],opportune a.[适合的] 等. o 的形态则仅在omit v.[省略] 一字中可见到. 事实上,omit 来自拉丁文omittere v. [遗弃,放松],英文本有omit 和obmit 两种写法,由於b,m 两个子音均是双唇音,极容易同化成一个音,obmit 遭到淘汰,只剩omit 了.obdurate 冷酷,无情,执拗的obey 服从,遵奉,顺从obfuscate 使模糊,使迷乱object 反对; 物体,物件; 目标,目的objective 目标,目的objurgate 痛骂,严责obstinate 固执,不屈服的obstruct 妨碍obtain 获得obtrude 闯入obtruse 钝,愚钝,迟钝的occasion 时机,场合,特殊之大事obligation 义务,职责obligatory 强制的oblige 强制,使受束缚oblique 不直接,斜的,间接,迂曲的obliterate 消灭,擦掉oblong 长方形的obnoxious 可憎,令人讨厌的obscene 淫秽,猥亵的obscure 昏暗的; 幽僻,微贱的; 隐藏observe 看到,发觉; 遵守obsess 使心神困扰obsolete 过时,已废的obstacle 障碍occult 深奥,难解的occupy 占据occur 发生offend 触怒,伤...感情offensive 攻击offer 提供omit 遗漏opponent 对手,敌手opportune 合时宜的opportunity 机会oppose 反对,对抗,使相对opposite 相反,反对的; 相反的人或物oppress 压迫,压制PARA- beside, beyond并列,超越para 源自希腊文副词与介系词para,为beside,near,beyond 之意. 在希腊文亦为字首,下面的例字均由希腊文借入英文. 例如: parabola n. [抛物线],parallax n.[视差],parallelogram n. [平行四边形],paramilitary a. [辅助军队的],paranoian. [偏执狂],parasite n. [寄生虫] 等.para 除了有beside,beyond 之意,尚有[防避] 的意义. 拉丁文动词parare [准备],法文转成字首para,有[防避] 之意.因此,加字根sol [太阳], [防避太阳]便成了parasol n. [阳伞]; 加字根chute[降落],[降落的防避装置] 便成了parachute n. [降落伞],又由parachute衍生出paratroops n. [空降部队],paratrooper n. [伞兵] 等字.parable 寓言,譬语paradigm 模范paradox 充满矛盾的人或物,矛盾的话paragon 模范,典型paragraph 段,节parallel 相同,相似的; 相似之物,相同之物paralyze 使无能力paraphrase 解述意义,意译PER- throught,throughly穿过,完全字首per 源自拉丁文介系词per,有through,throughtout 之意。

史上最全的来自希腊罗马神话的单词词源最近上了北雅刘洪波老师的课，被那些来自希腊罗马神话的词汇深深吸引了，结合刘洪波老师的《英文字根词源精讲》和王鑫老师的《大话单词》，加上网络上的一些资料，把希腊神话词源总结了一下，希望对大家背单词有用，欢迎大家补充和更正：人所共知，西方文化有两个源头：一为希腊(Hellenic)文化，一为希伯莱(Hebrew)文化，而希腊文化中的希腊神话(Greek mythology)对英语影响非常广泛。

表现在词汇方面就是英语吸收了部分词汇并将之沿用，而这些词又或是可分解词或是可溯源词。

这些词源包含的信息不仅可帮助读者准确理解每个词的词义，增添记忆单词的乐趣，还能特别记录、描述英语与古希腊文化的差异和交流，具有很高的历史性和趣味性。

腊神话以口头的形式流传了几百年，到了公元前7世纪，随着希腊诗人赫西奥德的《神谱》、诗人荷马描写特洛伊战争的《伊利亚特》和《奥德赛》等史诗的出现，希腊神话发展到了相当成熟的阶段。

后来，希腊人开始移居意大利，他们把灿烂的文化艺术传到了罗马。

古罗马是一个开放的民族，有吸取先进文化的非凡才能，很快，他们就把希腊神话吸收过来，并赋予每个神以一个罗马名字，这就是为什么“宙斯”又叫“朱庇特”，“丘比特”又是“厄洛斯”的原因了。

希腊罗马神话就像神话故事中的灵泉，滋养着英语的词汇，产生了许许多多美妙动人的词汇故事，增强了英语的生命力。

chaos（混乱）：来源于最原始的天神Chaos（卡厄斯），又称为“混沌之神”。

是他创造了天地，就和盘古开天辟地差不多。

geograph（地理学）：英语中很多以G开头的单词都和地球有关，geo-这个词根就是地球的意思，它来自大地之母该亚Gaia，例如：geograph（地理学）/geometry（几何学——测量大地的科学）/George（最初含义是土地工作者）Atlas（地图册）：希腊神话中Titans(泰坦)巨神之一，因背叛Zeus(宙斯)被罚在世界的西边尽头以双肩扛天。

刘洪波33篇范文雅思词汇真经刘洪波说文解字系列内容提要早在xx年当我策划《雅思阅读真经》一书时就有个想法：如果能把课堂上讲解英语词汇时的各种亮点及记忆方法融入词汇表里边，大家在背记词汇时也就不会觉得枯燥乏味了。

背单词最重要的是坚持，而兴趣则是坚持下去的最好的原动力。

于是我邀请当时教授雅思词汇的大师曲冰同志参与《雅思阅读真经》的写作，并且每隔几个单词挑选出一个来，从词源、文化、实际应用等各个角度加入趣味的注释，希望大家能对英语单词学习产生一点兴趣。

事实证明这种说文解字背单词的方法是成功的。

xx年《雅思阅读真经》在全国各大图书销售网站上高居雅思类图书排行榜榜首，各地的许多英语培训机构把它作为指定教材，一版再版。

而我也清楚地认识到，这种独辟蹊径的单词注释方法是该书成功的重要原因之一。

当我和曲冰同志决定再一次合作，照此模式共同创作“说文解字背单词系列”书籍（包括《雅思词汇真经》、《托福词汇真经》、《四级词汇真经》）时，不幸的事情发生了：曲冰同时收到了牛津和剑桥的博士offer。

更不幸的是不久后她从剑桥打来电话，说什么正在闭关研究孔夫子和耶酥基督的异同，而且还thoroughly enjoy，红尘俗事不愿再管。

悲伤啊。

万般无奈，只好一个人在深夜里奋笔疾书。

我坚信付出总是有回报的。

终于有那么一天，英语培训界泰斗人物、北京新航道学校校长胡敏教授被我的黑眼圈所吸引，一番长谈后对本书的创作兴趣颇浓，提出了许多宝贵的写作建议。

之后更不时的从家里搜出一本本泛黄的英语书籍拿来供我参考。

对这些书我从来都是小心翼翼的，不敢用力翻动，怕损毁文物。

得到英语培训界奇才李传伟教授的详细指导也是本书之大幸。

李老时常在百忙之中抽空指点词汇的注释亮点，他在词汇学上的功力让人叹服。

李老本人精通七国语言，对拉丁文、希腊语、西班牙语、法语的领悟使他对英语词汇的把握进入了极高的一种境界。

据说李老在新航道学校考研英语的课堂上偶尔会把各种语言讲窜，同学们大跌眼镜之余纷纷高山仰止。

刘洪波考研英语词汇真经在线阅读全文共10篇示例，供读者参考篇1Once upon a time, there was a super cool guy named Liu Hongbo. He was like a superhero but for studying English. He wanted to take the super hard test called the GRE, which is like the Olympics for smart people.Liu Hongbo knew he had to study a lot to pass the test, so he decided to read the famous book called "Liu Hongbo's Study Guide to the GRE Online." This book had all the secret tricks and tips to help him pass the test with flying colors.Every day after school, Liu Hongbo would sit down with his computer and read the study guide. He learned about all the different sections of the test – like reading, writing, and math. He also learned how to guess the right answers even if he didn't know the answer for sure.As Liu Hongbo kept reading the study guide, he started to feel more confident about the test. He knew he could do it if he just believed in himself and kept practicing. Finally, the day of thetest arrived, and Liu Hongbo sat down in front of the computer, took a deep breath, and started answering the questions.After a few hours, the test was over, and Liu Hongbo felt proud of himself. He knew he had done his best, thanks to the help of the study guide. A few weeks later, he got the results – he had passed the GRE with flying colors!From that day on, Liu Hongbo became a hero in the world of English study. He proved that with hard work, determination, and a little help from a study guide, anyone can achieve their dreams. And that's the story of Liu Hongbo and his journey to passing the GRE.篇2Hey guys! Today I'm gonna talk about reading the online real scriptures of Liu Hongbo's postgraduate entrance exam English. It's super important to prepare for the postgraduate entrance exam, and one way to do that is by reading Liu Hongbo's materials online.Liu Hongbo's materials are like gold mines full of valuable information and tips for passing the exam. They cover all the key points and provide a lot of examples to help us understandbetter. It's like having a personal tutor right in front of us, guiding us through the exam.When reading Liu Hongbo's materials online, make sure to take notes and practice as much as possible. This will help us remember the important information and improve our English skills at the same time. It's like killing two birds with one stone!Don't forget to also review what you've learned regularly. Repetition is key to mastering any subject, so keep going back to the materials and practicing until you feel confident.In conclusion, reading Liu Hongbo's materials online is a great way to prepare for the postgraduate entrance exam. It's like having a secret weapon that will help us ace the exam and achieve our dreams. So, let's grab those materials and start studying now! Good luck, everyone!篇3Hello everyone! Today I want to tell you about reading the Liu Hongbo's Kao Yan English Vocabulary Online. It is super cool and helpful for studying English!First of all, Liu Hongbo's Kao Yan English Vocabulary Online is like a magic book full of words and phrases. It helps us to learnnew words and remember them easily. The best part is that we can read it online anytime and anywhere. Isn't that awesome?When we read this book, we can improve our English skills step by step. We can learn new words, practice pronunciation, and even understand grammar better. It's like having a super smart teacher right on our computer or phone!One of my favorite things about Liu Hongbo's Kao Yan English Vocabulary Online is that it is fun to read. The stories are interesting and the pictures are colorful. It makes learning English feel like playing a game!So, if you want to become a master of English like Liu Hongbo, make sure to read his Kao Yan English Vocabulary Online. It will help you learn new words, improve your English skills, and have fun at the same time. Don't miss out on this amazing opportunity to level up your English game!篇4Title: Liu Hongbo's Journey of Studying English for Postgraduate Entrance ExamHey guys! Today I want to talk about my big brother Liu Hongbo and his crazy journey of studying English for thepostgraduate entrance exam. So, buckle up and let's dive into the world of English grammar, vocabulary, and reading comprehension!First of all, let me tell you that my brother Liu Hongbo is a total genius when it comes to studying. He can memorize vocabulary like nobody's business and his grammar skills are on point. But English is a tough nut to crack, even for him. That's why he decided to take on the challenge of studying for the postgraduate entrance exam.He started by reading lots of English books and articles every day. He would spend hours on end poring over words and phrases, trying to make sense of them all. It was tough going at first, but he never gave up. He knew that if he wanted to pass the exam, he had to put in the hard work.Next, he focused on improving his grammar skills. He made flashcards of all the different tenses, verb forms, and sentence structures. He would quiz himself every day to make sure he knew them inside and out. It was a lot of work, but he was determined to succeed.Lastly, he tackled the reading comprehension section of the exam. This was perhaps the toughest part for him. He had to read long passages and answer tricky questions about them. Buthe didn't let that stop him. He practiced every day, slowly but surely improving his reading speed and comprehension.In the end, all his hard work paid off. He aced the postgraduate entrance exam and got into his dream school. I couldn't be prouder of my big brother Liu Hongbo and his amazing journey of studying English. He truly is an inspiration to us all.So there you have it, folks. If my brother Liu Hongbo can do it, so can you! Just remember to never give up, keep pushing yourself, and believe in your ability to succeed. Good luck on your own journey of studying English, and who knows, maybe one day you'll be just as successful as Liu Hongbo!篇5Mr. Liu Hongbo is a super cool teacher who helps us little kids with our English studies. He's like a superhero who swoops in with all the answers to our questions. And guess what? He's got this awesome online reading material called the "Liu Hongbo Exam English Vocabulary Online Reading". It's like a treasure trove of words and phrases that can help us become English masterminds!When we click on the website, we're greeted with colorful pictures and fun activities that make learning English feel like a breeze. Mr. Liu Hongbo's online material covers everything from grammar rules to tricky vocabulary words. It's like having a virtual English teacher right at our fingertips!One of the best parts about Mr. Liu's online reading material is that it's so interactive. We can practice our pronunciation, test our comprehension skills, and even play games to make learning English even more fun. And the best part? We can access it anytime, anywhere — whether we're at home or on the go.Thanks to Mr. Liu Hongbo and his amazing online reading material, we're becoming English experts in no time. We're so grateful for his help and can't wait to keep learning more with his awesome resources!篇6Title: Reading Liu Hongbo's Masterpiece for the English ExamHey guys, have you heard of Liu Hongbo's amazing English exam guide online? It's super helpful for all of us struggling with English! Today, let's take a closer look at some of the key points in Liu Hongbo's masterpiece.First of all, Liu Hongbo emphasizes the importance of vocabulary. He suggests that we should learn new words every day and use them in sentences to remember them better. He also recommends reading newspapers, magazines, and books to improve our vocabulary.Next, Liu Hongbo talks about grammar. He says that we should pay attention to grammar rules and practice using them in our writing and speaking. He gives examples of common grammar mistakes and how to avoid them.In addition, Liu Hongbo gives tips on how to improve our reading comprehension skills. He advises us to read different types of texts, such as news articles, essays, and stories. He also recommends taking notes while reading to better understand the main ideas.Furthermore, Liu Hongbo shares his strategies for writing essays. He suggests brainstorming ideas, writing a clear thesis statement, and organizing our thoughts logically. He also gives tips on how to use examples and evidence to support our arguments.Overall, Liu Hongbo's guide is a treasure trove of useful tips and techniques for mastering English. By following his adviceand practicing regularly, we can improve our English skills and ace the exam. Let's all work hard and achieve success together!So, what are you waiting for? Let's start reading Liu Hongbo's masterpiece and conquer the English exam! Good luck, everyone!篇7Title: Reading Liu Hongbo's Online Reading Guide for Postgraduate EnglishHi everyone, do you want to know how to read Liu Hongbo's online reading guide for postgraduate English? Well, I'm here to tell you all about it! Liu Hongbo is a famous teacher who has helped many students pass their postgraduate English exams. His online guide is super helpful and easy to understand.First of all, make sure you have a good grasp of the basics of English grammar and vocabulary. Liu Hongbo's guide covers everything from vocabulary building to sentence structure, so it's important to have a solid foundation before diving in.Next, set aside some time each day to read through the guide and practice the exercises. Remember, practice makesperfect! Liu Hongbo's guide is a great way to improve your English skills and build confidence in your abilities.One of the best things about Liu Hongbo's guide is that it's designed to be interactive and engaging. You can test your knowledge with quizzes, participate in discussions with other students, and even watch video lessons to reinforce your learning.In conclusion, reading Liu Hongbo's online reading guide for postgraduate English is a fantastic way to improve your English skills and prepare for your exams. So what are you waiting for? Start reading today and watch your English improve in no time!篇8Hey guys, today I want to talk about reading Liu Hongbo's online English reading materials for the postgraduate entrance exam. Liu Hongbo is a famous teacher who has helped a lot of students pass their exams, so his materials are super helpful!First of all, reading Liu Hongbo's materials online is really convenient. You can access them anytime and anywhere as long as you have an internet connection. You can read them on your phone, tablet, or computer, which makes studying super easy.Secondly, Liu Hongbo's materials are really well-organized. They cover all the important topics that you need to know for the exam, so you can be sure that you're studying the right things. Plus, the explanations are really clear and easy to understand, so you won't have any trouble grasping the concepts.Lastly, reading Liu Hongbo's materials online is a great way to practice your reading skills. The more you read, the better you'll get at understanding English texts, which is essential for the exam. Plus, you can practice answering questions related to the texts, which will help you prepare for the exam.In conclusion, reading Liu Hongbo's online English reading materials is a great way to prepare for the postgraduate entrance exam. They're convenient, well-organized, and great for practicing your reading skills. So if you're studying for the exam, make sure to check out Liu Hongbo's materials online!篇9Hello everyone, today I want to tell you about reading Liu Hongbo's online reading of GRE English. Liu Hongbo is a famous teacher in China, and he has a lot of experience in helping students study for the GRE exam.First of all, when you read the GRE English materials online, it is important to focus on understanding the main ideas of the passage. Liu Hongbo always emphasizes the importance of grasping the key points and main ideas in order to answer the questions correctly.Secondly, it is important to pay attention to the vocabulary in the passages. Liu Hongbo often provides tips on how to remember and understand new words, which can be very helpful for improving your English skills.In addition, Liu Hongbo's online reading materials cover a wide range of topics, so it is important to be prepared for anything that may come up on the GRE exam. It is a good idea to practice reading different types of passages in order to improve your reading comprehension skills.Overall, reading Liu Hongbo's online materials can be very helpful for improving your English skills and preparing for the GRE exam. Remember to focus on understanding the main ideas, pay attention to vocabulary, and practice reading different types of passages. Good luck with your studies!篇10Once upon a time, there was a super duper smart guy named Liu Hongbo. He wanted to go to a super duper cool school called grad school. But first, he had to pass a super duper hard test called the entrance exam.Liu Hongbo knew he had to study really really hard for the exam. So, he decided to read this super duper famous book called "Liu Hongbo's Graduate School English Exam Bible." It was like the holy grail of study materials!Every day, Liu Hongbo read the book from morning till night. He studied grammar, vocabulary, and reading comprehension like a boss. He even practiced speaking and listening by chatting with his stuffed animals. Yeah, he was that dedicated!Finally, the day of the exam arrived. Liu Hongbo walked into the test room with confidence. He breezed through each section of the exam, thanks to all the hard work he put in. And guess what? He passed with flying colors!Liu Hongbo was over the moon with joy. He thanked the book, his stuffed animals, and most of all, himself for never giving up. From that day on, he was known as the King of the Grad School Entrance Exam.So, kids, the moral of the story is: study hard, believe in yourself, and you can achieve anything you set your mind to. Just like Liu Hongbo did with his super duper awesome English exam bible. The end.。

super－1. 超，超级superpower 超级大国super－2. 上superstructure 上层建筑super－3. 过度，过多superexcitation 过度兴奋supra－超，上suprarenal 肾上腺的sur－1. 上，外，超surcharge 超载sur－2. 使成...，加强意义surround 包围用在r 前sym－共同，相同symmetry 对称用在b,m,p前syn－共同，相同synthesis 合成tele－1. 电telecommunication 电信tele－2. 远程telemetry 远距离测量tetra－四tetrachord 四弦乐器trans－1. 越过，横过，超translucent 半透明的trans－2. 转移，变换transport 运输tri－三triangle 三角twi－二，两twin 双胞胎ultra－ 1. 极端ultrathin 极薄的ultra－2. 超，以外ultramarine 海外的un－1. 不unfortunate 不幸的un－2. 无unmanned 无人驾驶的un－3. 非unartificial 非人工的un－4. 未uncivilized 未开化的un－5. 相反动作，取消unbutton 解开钮扣un－6. 由...中弄出unbosom 吐露（心事）under－1. 下underworld 下层社会under－2. 内（用于衣服）undershirt 帖身内衣under－3. 不足，少underestimate 估计不足under－4. 副，次underking 副王，小王uni－单一unicorn 独角兽vice－副vice－manager 副经理with－向后，相反withdraw 撤回，撤退－"s 1. 所有格(a) today"s 今日的－"s 2. 店铺(n) greengrocer"s 菜场－a 构成复数名词(n) stadia 体育馆单数以um结尾－ability 可...性(n) dependability 可靠性－able 可...的(a) inflammable 易燃的－ably 可...地(ad) suitably 合适地－aceous 有...性质的(a) carbonaceous 含碳的－acious 具有...的，多...的(a) sagacious 聪明的－acity 性质等（抽象）(n) veracity 诚实，真实－acle 构成名词(n) manacle 手铐－acy 性质等（抽象）(n) fallacy 谬误－ade 1. 行为等(n) blockade 封锁－ade 2. 物（...制成）(n) lemonade 柠檬水－ade 3. 人和集体(n) cavalcade 骑兵队－age 1. 集合名词(n) foliage 叶子－age 2. 场所、地点(n) orphanage 孤儿院－age 3. 费用(n) postage 邮资－age 4. 行为(n) pilgrimage 朝圣－age 5. 状态，身分(n) reportage 报告文学－age 6. 物(n) carriage 马车，客车厢－ain 人(n) chieftain 酋长，头子－aire 1. 人(n) millionaire 百万富翁－aire 2. 物(n) questionaire 调查问卷－al 1. 有...性质的(a) continental 大陆的－al 2. 行为（抽象）(n) withdrawal 撤退－al 3. 人(n) rival 竟争者－al 4. 物(n) manual 手册－ality ..性，（抽象）(n) technicality 技术性－ally 方式，程度等(ad) conditionally 有条件地－an 1. 属于...的(a) metropolitan 大都市的－an 2. 人(n) pubican 旅店主人－ance 情况等（抽象）(n) buoyance 浮力－ancy 情况等（抽象）(n) elegancy 优美，高雅－aneity 性质等（抽象）(n) contemporaneity 同时代－aneous 有...性质的(a) subterraneous 地下的－ant 1. 属于...的(a) luxuriant 奢华的－ant 2. 人(n) participant 参与者－ant 3. 物(n) excitant 兴奋剂－ar 1. 有...性质的(a) consular 领事的－ar 2. 人(n) liar 说谎的人－ar 3. 物(n) altar 祭坛－ard 人（贬义）(n) bastard 私生子－arian 1. 人(n) parliamentarian 国会议员－arian 2. 兼形容词(n,a) vegetarian 吃素者（的）－arily 有...性质地(ad) extraordinarily 不寻常地－arium 场所，...馆(n) planetarium 天文馆－ary 1. 有...性质的(a) customary 习惯的－ary 2. 场所，地点(n) apiary 养蜂场－ary 3. 人(n) secretary 书记，秘书－ary 4. 物(n) glossary 词汇表－asm 性质（抽象）(n) sarcasm 讥讽－ast 人(n) enthusiast 热心者－aster 人（卑称）(n) medicaster 江湖医生－ate 1. 做，造成(v) activate 激活－ate 2. 有...性质的(a) private 私人的－ate 3. 人(n) graduate 毕业生－ate 4. 职位，职权(n) professoriate 教授职位－ate 5. 构成化学名词(n) acetate 醋酸盐－atic 有...性质的(a) diagrammatic 图解的－ation 1. 行为，情况(n) invitation 邀请－ation 2. 行为的过程(n) reformation 改革－ative 与...有关的(a) affirmative 肯定的－ator 做...工作的人，物(n) calculator 计算机－atory 1. 具有...的(a) exclamatory 感叹的－atory 2. 场所，地点(n) observatory 天文台－cian ...学家(n)clinician 临床医学专家－cracy 统治(n) bureaucracy 官僚主义－crat 参加者，支持者(n) democrat 民主主义者－cy 性质，状态(n) infancy 幼年期－dom 1. 情况，身分(n) freedom 自由－dom 2. 领域，...界(n) sportsdom 体育界－e 构成复数名词(n) larvae 幼虫单数以a结尾－ed 1. 构成过去式(v) showed 展示规则动词－ed 2. 构成过去分词(v) published 出版规则动词－ed 3. 已完成的(a) destroyed 毁灭的－ee 受动者(n) employee 雇员－eer 关系者，管理者(n) volunteer 志愿者－en 1. 含...的，...制的(a) golden 含金的－en 2. 使成为(v) widen 加宽－ence 性质，状态，行为(n) existence 存在－ent 有...性质的(a) deterrent 妨碍的－er 1. 人(n) fighter 战士－er 2. ...的住民(n) villager 村民－er 3. 制作者(n) hatter 帽商－er 4. 物(n) harvester 收割机－er 5. 更... (a,ad) better 更好的比较级－ern 在...方的(a) northern 北方的－es 1. 构成复数名词(n) bushes 灌木单数或原型结尾ch,is,o,s,sh,x,z －es 2. 第三人称单数(v) does 做－ese ...民族的(a) Japanese 日本的－ess 阴性(n) airhostess 空姐－est 最... (a,ad) nicest 最佳的最高级－et 小(n) floweret 小花－fold ...倍的，...重的(a) multifold 多倍的－ful 1. 有...性质的(a) beautiful 美丽的－ful 2. ...的量(n) teaspoonful 一茶匙－fully 有...性质地(ad) carefully 小心地－fy 使...化(v) electrify 通电－graph 信号(n) electrograph 电传真－hood 性质，状态(n) childhood 童年－i 构成复数名词(n) fungi 真菌单数以us结尾－ial 1. ...的(a) industrial 工业的－ial 2. 行为（抽象）(n) trial 审判－ial 3. 人(n) official 官员－ial 4. 物(n) material 材料－ian 1. ...的(a) antemeridian 午前的－ian 2. ...民族的(a) Canadian 加拿大的－ian 3. ...的人，...学家(n) custodian 保管人－ibility 可...性(n) responsibility 责任－ible 可...的(a) possible 可能的－ibly 可...地(ad) terribly 可怕地－ic 1. ...的(a) basic 基本的－ic 2. ...的人(n) critic 批评家－ic 3. 学科(n) logic 逻辑学－ical ...的(a) identical 全等的－ice 行为，动作，状态(n) service 服务－icious 具有...的，多...的(a) suspicious 可疑的－icity 性质(n) authenticity 真实性，可靠性－ics 学科(n) physics 物理学－ies 1. 构成复数名词(n) counties 县单数以y结尾－ies 2. 第三人称单数(v) cries 哭原型以y 结尾－ing 1. 构成现在分词(v) hoping 希望－ing 2. 正在进行的(a) developing 发展中的－ing 3. 构成名词(n) feeling 感觉－ious 具有...特性的(a) glorious 光荣的－ise 使...化(v) surprise 使惊愕BrE －ish 1. ...民族的(a) Turkish 土耳其的－ish 2. 有点...的(a) tallish 稍高的－ish 3. 有...性质的(a) foolish 笨的－ish 4. 造成，致使(v) finish 结束－ism 主义，学说，状态(n) socialism 社会主义－ist ...主义者，...家(n) novelist 小说家－it ...的动作(n) pursuit 追求－ity 性质，状态(n) solidarity 团结－ium （化学）元素名(n) calcium 钙－ive 有...性质的(a) attractive 迷人的－ize 使...化(v) initialize 初始化AmE －kin 小(n) princekin 小王子－less 无，没有，不(a) hopeless 绝望的－let 小(n) booklet 小册子－like 似...的(n) catlike 猫样的－ling 小（轻蔑）(n) starling 小星星－logy 学科(n) astrology 占星术－ly 1. 像...的(a) friendly 友好的－ly 2. 方式，程度等(ad) chiefly 首要地－ly 3. 每隔...发生的(a) monthly 每月一次的－ment 行为，结果，手段(n) implement 工具－most 最... (a) utmost 极端的不是最高级－ness 性质，状态，程度(n) illness 疾病－or 1. 人(n) emperor 皇帝－or 2. 物(n) tractor 拖拉机－or 3. 状态，性质(n) color 颜色AmE －ory 1. 有...效果的(a) satisfactory 令人满意的－ory 2. ...的处所(n) category 目录－our 状态，性质(n) favour 好感BrE －ous 具有...特性的(a) dangerous 危险的－que 概念(n) techique 技巧－ress 阴性(n) actress 女演员－ry 1. 性质，行为(n) rivalry 敌对－ry 2. 境遇，身份(n) slavery 奴役－ry 3. 种类(n) jewelry 宝石－ry 4. 行业(n) forestry 林业－s 1. 构成复数名词(n) rockets 火箭－s 2. 第三人称单数(v) plays 玩－s 3. 构成副词(ad) indoors 在家－ship 1. 动作(n) courtship 求爱－ship 2. 身份(n) citizenship 公民身份－ship 3. 关系(n) friendship 友谊－sion 动作，状态(n) revision 复习－sis 性质，状态，动作(n) crisis 危机－some 引起的(a) troublesome 烦人的－teen 十... (num) fifteen 十五13~19 －th 1. 行为，结果(n) death 死亡－th 2. 第... (num) sixth 第六基数个位≥4 －tic 有...性质的(a) romantic 浪漫的－tion 行为，状态，情况(n) contribution 贡献－tious 有...性质的(a) cautious 谨慎的－ty 1. 性质，情况(n) safety 安全－ty 2. ...十(num) ninety 九十20, 30, ..., 90 －ure 结果，动作，过程(n) procedure 程序－ves 构成复数名词(n) calves 幼仔单数以f,fe结尾－ward 向，向...的(prep,a) backward 向后－wards 向(ad) skywards 朝上地－y 1. 充满，有...性质(a) handy 手巧的－y 2. 亲昵(n) kitty 猫咪－yst 1. 人(n) analyst 分析者－yst 2. 物(n) catalyst 催化剂1.表示否定意义的前缀1)纯否定前缀a-, an-, asymmetry（不对称）anhydrous（无水的）dis- dishonest, dislikein-, ig-, il, im, ir, incapable, inability, ignoble, impossible, immoral, illegal, irregularne-, n-, none, neither, nevernon-, noesenseneg-, neglectun- unable, unemployment2)表示错误的意义male-, mal-, malfunction, maladjustment(失调)mis-, mistake, misleadpseudo-, pseudonym(假名), pseudoscience3)表示反动作的意思de-, defend, demodulation(解调)dis-, disarm, disconnectun-, unload, uncover4)表示相反，相互对立意思anti-, ant- antiknock( 防震), antiforeign,(排外的)contra-, contre-, contro-, contradiction, controflow(逆流)counter-, counterreaction, counterbalanceob-, oc-, of-, op-, object, oppose, occupywith-, withdraw, withstand2. 表示空间位置，方向关系的前缀1)a- 表示“在……之上”，“向……”aboard, aside,2)by- 表示“附近，邻近，边侧”bypath, bypass(弯路)3)circum-, circu-, 表示“周围，环绕，回转”circumstance, circuit4)de-, 表示“在下，向下”descend, degrade5)en-, 表示“在内，进入”encage, enbed(上床)6)ex-, ec-, es-, 表示“外部，外”exit, eclipse, expand, export7)extra-, 表示“额外”extraction （提取）8)fore- 表示“在前面”forehead, foreground9)in-, il-, im-, ir-, 表示“向内，在内，背于”inland, invade, inside, import10)inter-, intel-, 表示“在……间，相互”internationa l, interaction, internet11)intro-, 表示“向内，在内，内侧”introduce, introduce12)medi-, med-, mid-, 表示“中，中间”Mediterranean, midposition13)out-, 表示“在上面，在外部，在外”outline, outside, outward14)over-, 表示“在上面，在外部，向上”overlook, overhead, overboard15)post-, 表示"向后，在后边，次”postscript(附言)，16)pre-, 表示"在前”在前面”prefix, preface, preposition17)pro-, 表示“在前，向前”progress, proceed,18)sub-, suc-, suf-, sug-, sum-, sup-, sur-, sus-, 表示“在下面，下”subway, submarine, suffix, suppress,supplement19)super-, sur-, 表示“在…..之上”superficial, surface, superstructu re20)trans-, 表示“移上，转上，在那一边”translate, transform, transoceanic21)under-, 表示“在…..下面，下的”underline, underground, underwater22)up-, 表示“向上，向上面，在上”upward, uphold, uphill(上坡)3. 表示时间，序列关系的前缀1)ante-, anti-, 表示“先前，早于，预先”antecedent, anticipate,2)ex-, 表示“先，故，旧”expresid ent, exhu我的好友and3)fore-, 表示“在前面，先前，前面”foreward, dorecast, foretell(预言)4)mid-, medi-, 表示“中，中间”midnight, midsummer5)post-"表示“在后，后”postwar,6)pre-, pri-, 表示“在前，事先，预先”preheat, prewar, prehistory7)pro-, 表示“在前，先，前”prologue(序幕)，prophet(预言家)8)re-, 表示“再一次，重新”retell, rewrite4. 表示比较程度差别关系的前缀1)by-, 表示“副，次要的”byproduct, bywork(副业)2)extra-,表示“超越，额外”extraordinary,3)hyper- 表示“超过，极度”hypersonic(超声波), hypertesion(高血压)4)out-,表示“超过，过分”outdo(超过),outbid(出价过高的人)5)over-，表示“超过，过度，太”overeat, overdress, oversleep6) sub-, suc-, sur-, 表示“低，次，副，亚”subeditor, subordinate, subtropical(亚热带)7)super-, sur-表示“超过”supernature, superpower, surplus, surpass8)under-,表示“低劣，低下”undersize, undergrown, underproduction(生产不足)9)vice- 表示“副，次”vicepresident, vicechairman 5. 表示共同，相等意思的前缀1)com-, cop-, con-, cor-, co- 表示“共同，一起”。

英语词根速记系列讲座第一讲学习英语时，我们经常会遇到这种情况：虽然认识moon（月亮），可却不认识lunar（月亮的）luniform （月形的）lunate（新月形的）demilune（半月、新月）plenilune（满月）等词。

这些此都跟"月亮"有关，但不知为什么没有"moon"的面孔？我们都认识"sun（太阳）" 可却不认识solar（太阳的）parasol（遮阳伞）solarium（日光浴室）insolate（暴晒）turnsole（向阳性植物）等词。

这些词都与"太阳"有关，但不知为什么在这些词里却没有"sun"的踪迹？英语与汉语的不同点之一就在这，汉语里只要认识"月亮"一词，那么就会很容易理解"月形的、半月、新月"等词的意思，而英语却不这样，给人的感觉是"每个字都是生词"记住一个字，未见得认识其一组词。

这是学习英语的难点之一，学习者均感到英语单词难学难记，常感到"生词处处有，字典不离手"，望词兴叹。

实际上，英语单词的构词规律也是有规可寻的。

单词是由词素构成的，词素派生出词义。

单词的数量虽然浩瀚，但构成其的词素的数量却是有限的。

如果掌握了词素，懂得基本的构词方法，就能容易地识记单词，突破记忆单词这一难关。

词素又是由词根和词缀两部分组成的，而词缀又分为前缀和后缀。

我们将在今后的讲座中系统地介绍常用的252个词根和289个词缀，掌握了这些词素便可掌握绝大部分英语词汇。

词根的定义是什么？词根是一个单词的根本部分，是"根儿"，是单词的核心，表示一个单词的基本意义。

单词的意义就是由词根的意义产生、转化来的。

比如：词根单词vis看--> visible 看得见的log言--> dialogue对话flor花--> florist种花者，花商simil相同--> assimilate同化paci和平--> pacific太平的，平静的duc引导--> introducer介绍人，引进者我们看到，词根的意义代表了单词的中心意义，它在单词中占主导地位。