定语从句学案

一．定语从句的概念及作用

1.定义： 在复合句中，充当_______ 用的从句是定语从句

2. 被定语从句限定的词是_______ ，引导定语从句的词叫做 ________ 或 _________。

3.关系代词和关系副词有三大作用，即______（ ）、______（________________________）、______（__________________________________）。

二．关系词的分类及基本应用

1.关系代词：________,____________,_________________,____________________.

2.关系副词：__________,____________,____________________.

Whom 作____________成分，whose作____________成分，其余4个作_____________成分。

Where ，when，why 都作_____________________成分。

关系代词

先行词

充当成分

关系副词

先行词

充当成分

三．定语从句考点

1.关系代词和关系副词的选择:缺啥补啥，不缺补定或状。主语+被动视为不缺成分

1）I live in Wuxi______ is famous for Taihu Lake．

2）I live in Wuxi _______ Taihu Lake is protected by law．

2. 关系代词whose的用法

先行词在定语从句中作定语，表所属关系，先行词即可指人也可指物（whose=the

+n +of + which=of which +the +n）

1)They live in a house_______door opens to the south．

2)They lived in a house___________ the door opens to the south．

3)They lived in a house___________ opens to the south．

4)The boy ______ father is a doctor is my close friend. 5)The girl _______ shirt is red is Mary. 3. 引导词在从句中作宾语可以省略 1)Li Ming is just the boy ___________ I want to see. 2)The girl_____________ we saw yesterday is Mary.

3)This is the pen ________I bought yesterday.

4)The film________ they saw yesterday was not interesting at all.

4.只用that不用which情况

口诀：代高序加恰恰

1）当先行词是形容词的最高级或被形容词的最高级修饰时

This is the best _____has been used to fight against enemies.

English is the most important subject ____ you must learn during these years.

2)当先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰时

He is the last _______ I want to see.

It is the first American movie ______ I am interested in.

3) 主句中已有who或which时

Who is the man______you met just now?

Which is the coat______you like best? 4) 当先行词既有人又有物时

Do you know the persons and things ______ they are talking about?

5) 当先行词是all, much, little, none, the one, something, anything, everything,

nothing 时

Please tell me all_______you know.

This park is the one______ I visited last summer.

6) 当物做先行词，且被下列词修饰时：very, both, the only, all, every, no, any,

little, much, some, one of 等

I saw all the glasses________were on the table fall off onto the floor.

Titanic is one of the most wonderful movies _______ have been produced in

Hollywood.

Titanic is the (only) one of the most wonderful movies______has been produced

in Hollywood.

5.关系代词和关系副词的选择

1) 先行词是表示时间的词

I will never forget the days________ we spent together.

_________we spent holidays together.

2) 先行词是表示地点的词

This is the park ________ is close to my home.

________ we usually play football.

3) 先行词是表示原因的词

This is the reason_________ he explained.

_________ he was late for school.

6.介词+关系代词引导的定语从句

先行词人 介词+whom

先行词物 介词+which

先行词人、物 介词+whose

This is the clinic in _______ I worked for three years.

Do you know the teenager about ______they are talking.

This is professor Wang, in________class I learn a lot .

介词怎么选：一先二动三意义

I remember the day ______ ________I had my money lost.

This is the book ________ _________I paid 100 Yuan.

Patience is a kind of quality_______ _______you can’t work well.

7.不定代词/数词/名词/形容词最高级+of whom/which 引导非限定性定语

He has ten cousins, half of_________are clever.

He has ten cousins, 50 percent of _______ are clever.

He has ten cousins, four fifths of___________are clever.

He has ten cousins, the younest of _______is clever.

He has ten cousins, of ______ 50 percent are clever.

I have ten apples ,some of _______are bad.

I have ten apples .some of _______are bad.

I have ten apples ;some of________are bad.

I read some books ,the cover of______are yellow with years. 8.多用which ,不用that

The basket ball team,_________is playing very well ,will come out first.

I’m looking for a container in_______I can put all these peaches.

What ‘s that_________flashed in the sky just now.

9.定语从句中易错点

1）The room _______the boy were fed was a large stone hall.

2)Many children ,________parents are away working in big cities ,are taken good

care of in the village.

3)I will give you my friend’s home address,_______I can be reached most evenings.

4)My friend showed me round the town,__________was very kind of him.

5)Thanks to his livestreams,it seems that more tourists have come to visit our

village,” said 72-year-old pan xiannu,_________was happy to see the great changes

in her hometown.

10特殊情况

1) 特殊的先行词way

I don’t like the way __________ he came up with.

I don’t like the way ___________he speak to me.

2) 特殊的先行词case，situation，point, degree, position不表示具体的地点，但表达一种“地步、境地、形势”， 并且关系词在定语从句中作状语，则用where来引导。

She doesn’t like to recall the situation______ she was in three days ago.