2013年大学英语四级阅读:难句解析

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2013年大学英语四级阅读:难句解析1.“Wellness” may perhaps best be viewed not as a state that people can achieve, but as an ideal that people can strive for. (2006年12月)【分析】本句为复合句。

句子主干为“Wellness” may be viewed not as a state, but as an ideal。

not…but…意为“不是……而是……”。

两个that 都引导定语从句,分别修饰a state 和an ideal。

view…as 意为“把…看作”。

【译文】我们最好不要把健康看成是一种人们可以达到的状态,而应将其视为一种人们可以努力追求的理想。

2.If you are listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar while you are trying to capture a fleeting (稍纵即逝的) thought, the thought will die.(2007年6月)【分析】本句为复合句。

主句为the thought will die,从句为If引导的条件状语从句。

在从句中,包含一个由while引导的时间状语从句while you are trying to capture a fleeting thought。

从句中还包括一个listen to sb. do sth.(listening to that 5th grade English teacher correct your grammar)结构。

【译文】在你尽力想要捕捉稍纵即逝的灵感的同时,还要聆听一个五年级的英语老师纠正你的语法,那么,你的灵感就会消失地无影无踪。

3.Regardless of how it’s sold, the popularity of bottled water taps into our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated, and even a longing for lost purity. (2006年12月)【分析】本句为复合句。

句子主干为the popularity taps into our desire, our wish, and a longing。

how 引导宾语从句,作regardless of 的宾语。

our desire for better health, our wish to appear cultivated 和 a longing for lost purity 是并列成分,作taps into 的宾语。

【译文】不考虑卖得怎么样,瓶装水的流行正说明我们对健康的渴求,对文明的希望,以及对失去的纯真的向往。

4.According to an article in The Wall Street Journal, some of the more shameless tactics include placing attractive bottles on the table for a visual sell, listing brands on the menu without prices, and pouring bottled water without even asking the diners if they want it. (2006年12月)【分析】本句为复合句。

句子主干为some tactics include…。

include 是及物动词,后面需要名词或者动名词作宾语。

句中placing,listing 和pouring 是三个并列的动名词,作include 的宾语。

介词短语without even asking 是伴随状语。

句末的if 引导宾语从句,该从句作asking 的宾语补足语。

【译文】根据《华尔街日报》上的一篇文章,一些无耻的行径包括将一些吸引眼球的瓶子放在桌子上以增加卖点,在目录上列出商品的品牌但却没写单价,或为就餐者倒瓶装水而不问他们是否需要。

5.Built with safety in mind, the highways have wide lanes and shoulders, dividing mediansor barriers, long entry and exit lanes, curves engineered for safe turns, and limited access. (2006年6月24日)【分析】本句为简单句。

句子主干为the highways have…。

have 后的部分都是宾语。

Built with safety in mind 是过去分词短语作伴随状语,其逻辑主语是highways。

现在分词dividing 作前置定语,修饰medians or barriers。

【译文】这些公路以安全为建造理念建成,有宽阔的车道和路肩,标有中分线或装了中分路障,还配备了长长的进出道路和为安全转弯设计弧线道路,并设置了准入限制。

1.You program the clock with the latest time at which you want to be wakened, and it then duly(适时地) wakes you during the last light sleep phase before that. (2006年6月)【分析】本句为并列复合句。

句子主干为You program the clock, and it wakes you。

at which 引导定语从句,修饰time,which 在从句中作时间状语,at+时间是固定搭配,所以which 之前加介词at,表示在某一具体时间点。

句末的that 指代the latest time。

【译文】将闹钟调好至你想起床的时间,它便会适时地在之前的最后一个浅眠期将你叫醒。

2.Ultimately, however, our basic design strategy is focused not simply on being “less bad” but on creating completely healthful materials that can be either safely returned to the soil or reused by industry again and again. (2006年6月)【分析】本句为复合句。

句子主干为our basic design strategy is focused not on being “less bad” but on creating healthful materials。

that引导定语从句,修饰materials。

however 意为“然而”,是插入成分。

not…but…意为“不是……而是……”,连接两个介词短语。

either…or…意为“或者……或者……”,表示并列结构。

【译文】然而最终,我们的基本设计目标不仅是简单地关注于“较低危害”,而是发明完全有益于健康的材料,这种材料或可以无害地回归土地,或可以被工业重复利用。

3.As you sleep you pass through a sequence of sleep states — light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep — that repeats approximately every 90 minutes. (2006年6月)【分析】本句为复合句。

主句主干为you pass through a sequence of sleep states。

as引导时间状语从句,表示“当……时”。

that引导非限制性定语从句,修饰a sequence of sleep states,that在从句中作主语。

light sleep, deep sleep and REM (rapid eye movement) sleep 是插入成分,具体说明states 的内容。

【译文】人们睡觉时经历了一连串的睡眠阶段——浅度睡眠阶段,深度睡眠阶段,快速眼动睡眠阶段——大约每90分钟重复一次。

4.Home builders can now use materials — such as paints that release significantly reduced amounts of organic compounds —that don’t destroy the quality of the air, water, or soil. (2006年6月)【分析】本句为复合句。

主句为Home builders can now use materials。

such as… compounds是举例说明,作插入语。

第一个that 引导定语从句,修饰paints;第二个that 引导定语从句,修饰materials。

【译文】房屋建造者们现在可以使用不破坏空气、水或土壤的材料,如释放少量有机物的涂料。

5.We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices that have a beneficial effect on the world. (2006年6月)【分析】本句为复合句。

主句为We’re giving people high-quality, healthful products and an opportunity to make choices。

that 引导定语从句,修饰choices,that 在从句中作主语。

to make choices 作opportunity 的定语。

【译文】我们提供高质量和健康的产品,提供做选择的机会,他们可以选择对世界有益的产品。