数学专业术语

倒数（reciprocal）per capita每人multiple倍数2^5=the fifth power of 2 multiply乘multiplier乘数product乘积natural number自然数mark up涨价mark down降价margin利润depreciation折旧compoud interest复利arm直角三角形的股hypotenuse直角三角形斜边lag直角三角形的股median of a triangle三角形中线intersect相交exterior angle外角interior angle内角complementary angles余角supplementary angles补角vertex angle顶角vertical angle对顶角angle bisector角平分线equilateral triangle等边三角形isosceles triangle等腰三角形scalene triangle不等边三角形congruent全等的rectangle长方形length 长both length两个长边width 宽rectangle prism长方体trapezoid梯形rhombus菱形diagonal对角线perimeter周长segment线段polygon多边形regular polygon正多边形parallelogram平行四边形quadrilateral四边形-agon -边形*常用tetragon四边形*pentagon五边形*hexagon六边形heptagon七边形*octagon八边形abscissa横坐标ordinate纵坐标quadrant象限coordinate坐标slope斜率intercede截距(有正负之分) solution（方程的）解arithmetic progression等差数列（等差级数）common divisor公约数common factor公因子least common multiple最小公倍数composite number合数prime factor质因子prime number质数factor因数consecutive integer连续的整数set集合sequence数列tenths’ digit十分位tenth十分位units’ digit个位whole number整数3-digit number三位数denominator分母numerator分子dividend被除数divided evenly被整除divisible可整除的divisor除数quotient商remainder余数round四舍五入fraction分数geometric progression等比数列improper fraction假分数proper fraction真分数increase by增加了increase to增加到integer整数in terms of ..用。

表达irrational无礼数enneagon=nonagon九变形*decagon十变形hendecagon=undecagon十一边形dodecagon十二边形quindecagon十五边形chord弦radian弧度circumscribe外切，外接inscribe内切，内接concentric circle同心圆cone圆锥（体积=1/3PI*R*R*H）-hedron -面体hexahedron六面体quadrihedron四面体=三角锥volume体积pyramid角锥cube立方数/立方体cylinder圆柱体sphere 球体公理axiom 定理theorem 计算calculation 运算operation 证明prove 假设hypothesis, hypotheses(pl.) 命题proposition 算术arithmetic 加plus(prep.), add(v.), addition(n.) 被加数augend, summand 加数addend 和sum 减minus(prep.), subtract(v.), subtraction(n.) 被减数minuend 减数subtrahend 差remainder 乘times(prep.), multiply(v.), multiplication(n.) 被乘数multiplicand, faciend乘数multiplicator 积product 除divided by(prep.), divide(v.), division(n.)被除数dividend 除数divisor 商quotient 等于equals, is equal to, is equivalent to 大于is greater than 小于is lesser than 大于等于is equal or greater than 小于等于is equal or lesser than 运算符operator 数字digit 数number 自然数natural number 整数integer 小数decimal 小数点decimal point 分数fraction 分子numerator 分母denominator 比ratio 正positive 负negative 零null, zero, nought, nil十进制decimal system 二进制binary system 十六进制hexadecimal system权weight, significance 进位carry 截尾truncation 四舍五入round下舍入round down 上舍入round up 有效数字significant digit 无效数字insignificant digit 代数algebra 公式formula, formulae(pl.) 单项式monomial 多项式polynomial, multinomial 系数coefficient 未知数unknown, x-factor, y-factor, z-factor 等式，方程式equation一次方程simple equation 二次方程quadratic equation 三次方程cubic equation四次方程quartic equation 不等式inequation 阶乘factorial 对数logarithm指数，幂exponent 乘方power 二次方，平方square 三次方，立方cube四次方the power of four, the fourth power n次方the power of n, the nth power开方evolution, extraction 二次方根，平方根square root 三次方根，立方根cube root四次方根the root of four, the fourth root n次方根the root of n, the nth root 集合aggregate 元素element 空集void 子集subset 交集intersection 并集union 补complement 映射mapping 函数function 定义域domain, field of definition 值域range 常constant 变量variable 单调性monotonicity 奇偶性parity 周期性periodicity 图象image数列，级数series 微积分calculus 微分differential 导数derivative 极限limit无穷大infinite(a.) infinity(n.) 无穷小infinitesimal 积分integral 定积分definite integral不定积分indefinite integral 有理数rational number 无理数irrational number 实数real number 虚数imaginary number 复数complex number 矩阵matrix 行列式determinant几何geometry 点point 线line 面plane 体solid 线段segment射线radial 平行parallel 相交intersect 角angle 角度degree 弧度radian锐角acute angle 直角right angle 钝角obtuse angle 平角straight angle 周角perigon 底base 边side 高height 三角形triangle 锐角三角形acute triangle直角三角形right triangle 直角边leg 斜边hypotenuse 勾股定理Pythagorean theorem 钝角三角形obtuse triangle 不等边三角形scalene triangle 等腰三角形isosceles triangle等边三角形equilateral triangle 四边形quadrilateral 平行四边形parallelogram矩形rectangle 长length 宽width 菱形rhomb, rhombus, rhombi(pl.), diamond正方形square 梯形trapezoid 直角梯形right trapezoid 等腰梯形isosceles trapezoid五边形pentagon 六边形hexagon 七边形heptagon 八边形octagon 九边形enneagon 十边形decagon 十一边形hendecagon 十二边形dodecagon 多边形polygon正多边形equilateral polygon 圆circle 圆心centre(BrE), center(AmE) 半径radius直径diameter 圆周率pi 弧arc 半圆semicircle 扇形sector 环ring椭圆ellipse 圆周circumference 周长perimeter 面积area 轨迹locus, loca(pl.)相似similar 全等congruent 四面体tetrahedron 五面体pentahedron六面体hexahedron 平行六面体parallelepiped 立方体cube 七面体heptahedron八面体octahedron 九面体enneahedron 十面体decahedron 十一面体hendecahedron十二面体dodecahedron 二十面体icosahedron 多面体polyhedron 棱锥pyramid棱柱prism 棱台frustum of a prism 旋转rotation 轴axis 圆锥cone圆柱cylinder 圆台frustum of a cone 球sphere 半球hemisphere 底面undersurface 表面积surface area 体积volume 空间space 坐标系coordinates 坐标轴x-axis, y-axis, z-axis 横坐标x-coordinate 纵坐标y-coordinate 原点origin 双曲线hyperbola抛物线parabola 三角trigonometry 正弦sine 余弦cosine 正切tangent 余切cotangent 正割secant 余割cosecant 反正弦arc sine 反余弦arc cosine反正切arc tangent 反余切arc cotangent 反正割arc secant 反余割arc cosecant相位phase 周期period 振幅amplitude 内心incentre(BrE), incenter(AmE)外心excentre(BrE), excenter(AmE) 旁心escentre(BrE), escenter(AmE)垂心orthocentre(BrE), orthocenter(AmE) 重心barycentre(BrE), barycenter(AmE)内切圆inscribed circle 外切圆circumcircle 统计statistics 平均数average加权平均数weighted average 方差variance 标准差root-mean-square deviation, standard deviation比例propotion 百分比percent 百分点percentage 百分位数percentile排列permutation 组合combination 概率，或然率probability 分布distribution 正态分布normal distribution 非正态分布abnormal distribution 图表graph条形统计图bar graph 柱形统计图histogram 折线统计图 broken line graph。