高考热点语法集锦(真题示例)

高考真题中语法知识清单【全国乙卷】英语学科第一部分听力(略)第二部分阅读理解第一节阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C和D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。

AJacqueline Felice de Almania(c.1322) highlightsthe suspicion that【that引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词the suspicion，同时又作从句中动词faced的宾语】women practicing【动词-ing形式（短语）作后置定语，修饰women】medicine faced. Born to a Jewish family in Florence, she moved to Paris where【where引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Paris】she worked as a physician and【连接两个动词worked和performed】performed surgery. In 1322 she was tried【一般过去时态的被动语态】for practicing unlawfully. In spite of the court hearing testimonials (证明) of her ability as a doctor, she was banned【一般过去时态的被动语态】from medicine. James Barry (c.1789 — 1865) was born Margaret Bulkley in Ireland but, dressed【形容词。

意思是“穿着……衣服的”】as a man, she was accepted【一般过去时态的被动语态】by Edinburgh University to study medicine. She qualified as a surgeon in 1813, then joined the British Army, serving【动词-ing形式作伴随状语】overseas. Barry retired in 1859, having practiced【动词-ing形式的完成式，表示结果】her entire medical profession living and working as a man.Tan Yunxian (1461 — 1554) was a Chinesephysician who【who引导限制性定语从句，修饰先行词a Chinese physician，作主语，不可省略】learned【一般过去时态】her skills from her grandparents. Chinese women at the time could not 【情态动词的否定式】serve apprenticeships (学徒期) with doctors. However, Tan passed【一般过去时态】the official exam. Tan treated【一般过去时态】women from all walks of life. In 1511, Tan wrote【一般过去时态】a book, Sayings of a Female Doctor, describing【动词-ing形式作伴随状语】her life as a physician. Rebecca Lee Crumpler (1831 — 1895) worked【一般过去时态】as a nurse for eight years before studying in medical college in Boston in 1860. Four years later, she was the first African American woman to receive【be the first/last…to do结构的用法】a medical degree. She moved to Virginia in 1865, where【where引导非限制性定语从句，修饰先行词Virginia】she provided medical care to freed slaves.A. Doing teaching jobs.B. Being hired as physicians.C. Performing surgery.D. Being banned from medicine.22. How was Tan Yunxian different from the other practitioners?A. She wrote a book.B. She went through trials.C. She worked as a dentist.D. She had formal education.23. Who was the first African American with a medical degree?A. Jacqueline Felice de Almania.B. Tan Y unxian.C. James Barry.D. Rebecca Lee Crumpler.【参考答案】21. C 22. A 23. DBLiving in Iowa and trying to become【living…and trying…作句子的主语部分】a photographer specializing 【动词-ing形式作后置定语，修饰a photographer】in landscape (风景) can【情态动词】be quite a challenge, mainly because【引导原因状语从句】the corn state lacks geographical variation.Although【引导让步状语从句】landscapes in the Midwest tend【主语一致。

高考语法填空抢分热点之非谓语动词养成良好的答题习惯，是决定高考英语成败的决定性因素之一。

做题前，要认真阅读题目要求、题干和选项，并对答案内容作出合理预测;答题时，切忌跟着感觉走，最好按照题目序号来做，不会的或存在疑问的，要做好标记，要善于发现，找到题目的题眼所在，规范答题，书写工整;答题完毕时，要认真检查，查漏补缺，纠正错误。

一、考点精讲非谓语动词包括动词不定式、动词-ing形式（现在分词和动名词）和过去分词，是高考热点。

但学生分不清现在分词和进行时态，过去分词和被动语态，对动词不定式的运用也是模棱两可。

归根结底，学生不会分辨“谓语动词”和“非谓语动词”。

这还要从根上解决，首先要弄清楚句子种类。

句子按结构分，分为简单句、并列句和复合句。

1.简单句。

由一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词构成的句子是简单句。

也就是说，一个简单句中只能有一个谓语动词或并列的谓语动词（省略句除外）。

谓语动词指的就是动词的时态（一般现在时、一般过去时......）和语态（一般现在时的被动语态、一般过去时的被动语态......）。

例如：（1）He leaves home for school at 6 every morning.（leaves是谓语动词）每天早上他六点钟离开家去上学。

（2）The plane takes off at 11:40 and arrives in Shanghai at 1:30.（takes off和arrives是并列的谓语动词）飞机十一点四十起飞，一点半抵达上海。

（3）The company was set up in 2012.（was set up一般过去时的被动语态，是句子的谓语动词）这家公司是2012年成立的。

2.并列句。

并列句是指由并列连词and、but、or等把两个或两个以上的简单句连在一起而构成的句子。

即：简单句+并列连词+简单句。

常见的并连连词：and（和）、but（但是）、or（或者；否定句中的“和”；否则）、so（所以）。

近五年高考语法真题专练：非谓语动词（含解析）2018 年高考题【2018·北京】3. along the old Silk Road is an interesting and rewarding experienceA. TravelB. TravelingC. Having traveledD. Traveled【答案】B【解析】考查动名词。

句意：沿着丝绸之路旅行是一次既有趣又有益的经历。

“along the old Silk Road”做主语，要用动名词，故B 选项正确。

【2018·北京】10. Ordinary soap, correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively.A. usedB. to useC. usingD. use【答案】A【解析】考查非谓语动词。

句意：如果正确使用的话，普通的肥皂可以有效地处理细菌。

Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively 是主句，correctly 是条件状语，修饰ordinary soap，ordinary soap 和use 之间是被动关系，故要用过去分词，A 选项正确。

【2018·天津】12. I didn't mean anything but the ice cream looked so good that I couldn’t help it.A. to eat；to tryB. eating；tryingC. eating；to tryD. to eat；trying【答案】D【解析】考查短语固定搭配。

句意：我不打算吃任何东西，但冰淇淋看起来如此的好以至于我忍不住的要试一试。

固定短语短语mean to do（打算做），couldn’t help doing 忍不住做。

故选D。

【2018·天津】7. I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs .A. takingB. takenC. being takenD. take【答案】B【解析】考查非谓语动词。

近三年高考英语语法真题分类汇编：冠词、名词（2018-2020）12020年高考真题1.（2020·新课标I卷语法填空）The far side of the moon is of particular 64 (interesting) to scientists because it has a lot of deep craters (环形山), more so 65 the familiar near side.【答案】interest【解析】考查名词。

句意：月球背面让科学家尤其感兴趣。

根据空前的形容词particular可知，空处应填名词，interest是不可数名词，be of interest to sb.意为“(某物)使某人感兴趣”。

故填interest。

2.（2020·新课标I卷短文改错）Next I broke the eggs into a bowl and beat them quickly with chopstick.【答案】将chopstick改为chopsticks【解析】考查名词复数。

句意：下一步我把鸡蛋打到一个碗里，然后用筷子快速搅拌。

chopstick是可数名词，意为“筷子”，通常以复数形式出现，故将chopstick改为chopsticks。

3.（2020·新课标II卷语法填空）Chinese New Year is a 61 (celebrate) marking the end of the winter season and the beginning of spring.【答案】celebration【解析】考查名词。

句意：中国新年是一个庆祝冬天的结束和春天的开始。

不定冠词a后接名词形式。

故填celebration。

4.（2020·新课标II卷短文改错）Luckily, I will go home in two weeks for summer vacations.【答案】将vacations改为vacation【解析】考查不可数名词。

高考语法填空热点试题汇编(一)1.We should always bear ___ mind that if we are ignoring our health for_______( promote).disease will________( gradual) approach us with the help of tiredness.2.I looked for the history book because I wanted to figure _______ when America__________(found), and at last I found the ________(dust) book in a dim room.3．There are so many ________(refer)books on this romantic poet for me to choose _____ that I can’t make ______ my mind which to choose.4．____ seemed that the handsome actor was not a bit worried, but in fact, he was not a little _______(concern) about the result of the investigation, _____ may destroy his bright future.5. _____(luck), the delegate felt so sleepy that he soon fell asleep without ________(realize)thathe had left his passport and the draft of his speech in the taxi.6．It is reported _______by the end of 2020, Chongqing Disney Theme Park will have been open to the_______( tourism) from all over the world ______(formal).7．The engineer pointed out, “____ some degree, the more functions a calculator has, the more ________(like) it is to be out of order.”8．We _______(contact) each other never since he left the organization but_______(fortune) I could still recognize him in a quiz show on TV without________( hesitate).9. The merry aged couple got married in 1949 and up till now they _______(marry) for 6decades,______ was admired by many young couples.10．The young clerk expressed full of confidence that he _____(qualify) for that _______(demand) mission, which was beyond our _____(expect).11．He was so eager for ______(succeed) that he consulted a successful CEO about how to ______(success) in manage a company.12. The sailor has adequate _______(experience) and he tells us his interesting_______(experience) every time we ________(invite) to his party.13．After wiping the table ______（swift）, the waiter_______( bring) a menu to me and suggested that I _____( have) a try at the new meal and tell him my attitude ______ it.14．The distinguished enterprise_________( consist) of 12 departments, each of which is made ___ of 20 people, who graduated _______ top universities.15．The president ________( quote) as saying that he was deeply moved by this _____(move) film, which ______(base)on a real story.16．The _____(consider) wife was very pleased ____ her own cooking because it ____(taste) delicious and she was sure her husband would be fond ____ it.17．The naughty boy ____(lie) that a hen which______ (lie) under the tree ______( lay) 2 eggs;hence, his parents resolved to scold him rather _____forgive him.18. Mayor _____(invite)to make some comments not only _____what happened,________(include) the conflict between several residents and the police, but also on what will happen, an international conference on global trade______( include).19. After _________(complete) too much work forced by my boss in a much too short time, Icouldn’t bear the pressure so I asked for a two-day leave ______(adjust) myself.20. I used _____( rise) very late during the summer vacation, but I am used to _____(wake) upvery early because the ____(distant) between my house and the office is 20 kilometers apart.21. Last year, my total income, with my reward ______(add) to, added up ___ 15,000 Yuan, whichdidn’t deserve ______ I did.22. These _______(design) are discussing how _____(double) the scale of the park so that morepeople can enter and relax______( they) at weekends.23. The_______( retire) minister who likes hiking lives alone in a mountain village, _____ hedoesn’t feel lonely because he has made friends with his digital camera.24. —David has made so distinct progress in English recently______ he can speak English_______(fluent) now.—So he ___, and ___ have you. _____(congratulate) on being admitted in HarvardUniversity.25. According to your language ______(able), we can recommend 3 levels ofcourses_______(range) from elementary, medium to advanced.26. The article with the headline “Beijing Opera in Washington——the initial step towards______(promote) cultural exchange” says the _______(perform) won a lot of claps and compliment and the organizer seized the opportunity to spread Chinese culture.27. The experts will take the amateur’s advice _______ account and then decide to adopt it _____not in the automatic heating system.28. Electronic games don’t have many effects ___ adults but affect students a great deal; therefore,many parents make efforts ________( limit) their children’s playing time.29. After seeing plenty of solid ________(evident), the greedy thief had no alternative but__________(acknowledge) that it was he that stole the gold watch.30. After the committee declares that the tickets for the concert are available ______ the public,many people are willing to wait in a long queue ______( buy) one.31. Regardless of his partner’s _____(object), he still determined to apply ____ the position ofmanager because he knew how to apply the commercial theory ____ the reality.32. By contrast, before _______(sign) the contract, this university student didn’t contact hisparents but make contact ______ his new colleague.33. He _______( permit) to practice the piano no more than one hour ______ day, so he could notplay any more than 10 songs.34. A heavy fog resulted ____ a severe traffic jam and his being late resulted _____ the traffic jam.35. This tale is well worth _________(read), but it is not worthy of __________(translate), aforeign language researcher said.36. Not until his mother reminded him ____ tomorrow’s dictation contest _____he aware that hehad scarcely recited the words or had any vocabulary drills.37. Everybody in the class except the twins thinks that the composition can get a high mark except____ some spelling and grammatical mistakes.38. On hearing the girl _______(strike) by a truck had been sent to hospital by ambulance, manypeople volunteered to donate blood and left the message _______ the driver should_______( arrest) as soon as possible.39. The football team got there ahead _____schedule so as to get familiar _____ the awful weatherand food as soon as possible.40. A number of audience ______(be) present in the registration center in the morning, the numberof whom _____(be) 300; nevertheless, the host had forgotten ______(arrange) temporary accommodations.41. No one can deny that the rise of China’s economy _____(lead) China to play ____ more andmore important role _____ international affairs.42. Since you have recovered _______ the heart attack, why don’t you get up and have ___ walkaround the garden in the hospital on such a mild day?43. There is no point in _______(complain) about the quality of dress to the guard because he isnot responsible ______ it.44. All the patriotic students ______(take) pride in the motherland will raise their hands _____moment the national flag ______( rise).45. Lately Peter is fascinated by Linda’s latest dramatic story which is much better ______ her lastone, so he is always late ______ school these days.46. The obvious reason why these two companies bargained ______ each other over the______(import) products is just that they both intended _______(benefit) from these products after estimating their real value.47. Recently, many senior high school students hoped to be _______(independence) of theirparents, and in the meanwhile, more and more parents began to concentrate their attention _____ the generation gap.48._____ many citizens crowded into the zoo _______(observe )how the panda gave birth to itsbaby that no wonder the zoo had to restrict the number of people in case ________(some) accident might occur.49. Though the boss approved ____ this project, it had to ______( abandon) mainly because thefirm was short ____ extra finance.50. To make herself_______(understand), the interpreter was busy _______(explain) carefully theterms _______(involve) in the contract and how they accounted for the profits.参考答案：1.in,promotion, gradually2.out, was founded, dusty3.reference, from, up4.It,concerned, which 5. Luckily, realizing 6. that, tourists, formally 7.To, likely 8.have contacted,fortunately,hesitation 9.have been married, which 10.was qualified,demanding,expectation 11.success,succeed 12.experience,experiences,are invited13.swiftly, brought,have, towards 14.consists,up , from 15.was quoted,moving wasbased16.considerate, with, tasted,of 17.lied, lay,laid,to 18.was invited,on, including, included19.having completed to adjust 20. to rise,waking, distance 21.added, to,what 22.designers,todouble,themselves23.retired,but24.that,fluently,has,so,Congratulations 25.ability,ranging26.promoting, performance 27.into, or 28. on, to limit 29.evidences,to acknowledge 30. to, tobuy 31. objection,for, to 32.signing, with 33.was permitted, a 34. in, from 35. reading, being translated 36. of, was 37. for 38.struck, that, be arrested 39.of, with 40.were ,was, to arrange41. leads, a, in 42. from, a 43. complaining, for 44. taking, the, is rising 45. than, for46. with, imported, to benefit 47.independent ,on 48.So, to observe, any 49. of, to beabandoned ,of 50.understood, explaining, involved。

一、名词1. 名词单复数变化例：She has two brothers and one sister.（她有两个兄弟和一个姐妹。

）2. 名词所有格例：The cat's tail is long.（猫的尾巴很长。

）3. 名词作主语、宾语、表语等例：The sun rises in the east.（太阳从东方升起。

）二、冠词1. 不定冠词a/an例：I have a book.（我有一本书。

）2. 定冠词the例：She lives in the house.（她住在那所房子里。

）3. 不定冠词与定冠词的区分例：I saw a dog yesterday.（我昨天看到了一只狗。

）I saw the dog yesterday.（我昨天看到了那只狗。

）三、代词1. 人称代词例：She is a teacher. I am a student.（她是一名教师，我是一名学生。

）2. 物主代词例：This is my book.（这是我的书。

）3. 反身代词例：He himself is responsible for this.（他自己对此负责。

）4. 相互代词例：They love each other.（他们彼此相爱。

）四、形容词和副词1. 形容词和副词的比较级和最高级例：The car is faster than the bicycle.（这辆车比自行车快。

）2. 形容词和副词的用法例：She is tall and beautiful.（她又高又美。

）五、动词1. 动词时态例：I am reading a book.（我在读书。

）2. 动词语态例：The book was written by me.（这本书是我写的。

）3. 动词不定式例：To learn English is very important.（学习英语非常重要。

）六、介词1. 介词的用法例：She came to school by bus.（她乘公交车来学校。

近5年高考全国卷真题语法专项-连词（详解与真题）本考点是历年高考中经常考查的要点，主要考查并列连词如：and，but，or等，以及状语从句中的连词when，while，as，if，though 等。

考查形式：语法填空和改错，另外还需要注意在阅读理解和完型填空中出现的连词含义。

一、考点精讲1. 并列连词常见的并列连词有and，but，or，not….but….(不是…而是….),not only…but also….(不仅….而且….);neither….nor…..(既不….也不….)either….or….(要么….要么….)用法：并列的成分保持一致（可以并列主语，谓语，宾语，状语等）例如：She is not a teacher but a doctor.(并列宾语)Tom is not in the library but in the room.(并列状语)Either Li lei or Jim goes to see a movie.(并列主语)注意：在高考中主要是结合句意来理解例如：1） He is a shy man,_____ he is not afraid of anything or anyone.(2015北京)解析：结合句意，他是个害羞的人，但不怕任何事和任何人。

表转折故填but。

2） Give me a chance,____I’ll give you a wonderful surprise.(天津高考)解析：根据句意：给我一个机会，我就会给你个伟大的惊喜。

此时这里表示并列关系，故填and。

2. 状语从句连接两个对立的分句;连词后的句子为从句，另个句子是主句；例如：If you can study hard,(从句) you will be successful.（主句）1） when, while ,as的用法都可以表示“当…..时候”；可以相互替换；as、when、while用法asas表示“当……的时候”，往往和when/ while通用，但它着重强调主句与从句的动作或事情同时或几乎同时发生。

专题02代词、介词和介词短语年份卷别代词（2022-2024）三年（6考）介词和介词短语（2022-2024）三年（12考）命题趋势2024新高考I 卷as 代词：研究最近几年高考真题可知，对代词的考查主要集中在：1.考查代词词形转换及代词的句法功能。

无词填空中对it 的特殊用法也是高考的热点。

介词：高考对介词的考查集中在：1.介词的基本用法和含义。

2.介词短语介词与其他词类的搭配。

新高考II 卷to (be similar to)浙江卷1月ones 全国甲卷its for 2023新高考I 卷their by 新高考II 卷with 全国甲卷we 改为us for 全国乙卷his →her to 浙江卷1月as 2022新高考I 卷as新高考II 卷全国甲卷we 改为us 删除of 全国乙卷by浙江卷1月浙江卷6月at 北京卷themselves in考点01代词1.（2024年浙江卷1月·语法填空）Who knows,perhaps some of the more forward-looking ________(one)mayyet come out with a whole range of“just for you”pack sizes with special offers as well.【答案】ones【解析】考查代词。

句意：谁知道呢，也许一些更有远见的人可能还会推出一系列“只为你”的包装尺寸，并提供特别优惠。

代词one意为“一个人”，在some of后应用复数形式。

故填ones。

2.（2024年全国甲卷语法填空）This area,with_______(it)unique and breathtaking natural beauty,must be well preserved for all people of the nation to enjoy-as a national park.【答案】its【解析】考查代词。

语法埴空2024年高考真题Passage1【新课标Ⅰ卷】Heatherwick Studio recently built a greenhouse at the edge of the National Trust’s Woolbeding Gardens. This beautiful structure, named Glasshouse, is at the centre of a new garden that shows how the Silk Road influences English gardens even in modern times.The latest ____56____ (engineer) techniques are applied to create this protective ____57____ (function) structure that is also beautiful. The design features ten steel “sepals (萼片)” made of glass and aluminium (铝). These sepals open on warm days ____58____ (give) the inside plants sunshine and fresh air. In cold weather, the structure stays ____59____ (close) to protect the plants. Further, the Silk Route Garden around the greenhouse ____60____ (walk) visitors through a journey influenced by the ancient Silk Road, by which silk as well as many plant species came to Britain for ____61____ first time. These plants included modern Western ____62____ (favourite) such as rosemary, lavender and fennel. The garden also contains a winding path that guides visitors through the twelve regions of the Silk Road. The path offers over 300 plant species for visitors to see, too.The Glasshouse stands ____63____ a great achievement in contemporary design, to house the plants of the southwestern part of China at the end of a path retracing (追溯) the steps along the Silk Route ____64____ brought the plants from their native habitat in Asia to come to define much of the _____65_____ (rich) of gardening in England.【答案】56. engineering57. functional58. to give59. closed 60. walks61 the 62. favorites63. as 64. which##that65. richness【解析】【导语】本文为一篇说明文。