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必修二第四单元单词一、wildlife（名词，n.）英[ˈwaɪldlaɪf]；美[ˈwaɪldlaɪf]意思为“野生动植物”。
二、protection（名词，n.）英[prəˈtekʃn]；美[prəˈtekʃn]意思是“保护”。
三、wild（形容词，adj.）英[waɪld]；美[waɪld]1. 作“野生的；野的；未开发的；荒凉的”解，例如：wild animals（野生动物）。
2. 也可表示“狂热的；疯狂的”，如：a wild idea（疯狂的想法）。
四、habitat（名词，n.）英[ˈhæbɪtæt]；美[ˈhæbɪtæt]意为“栖息地；（动植物的）自然环境”。
五、threaten（动词，v.）英[ˈθretn]；美[ˈθretn]1. 表示“威胁；恐吓”，例如：He threatened me with a knife.（他用刀威胁我。
）2. 还有“预示（某事）；危及；对…构成威胁”的意思，如：Pollution threatens our existence.（污染威胁着我们的生存。
）六、decrease（动词，v.；名词，n.）英[dɪˈkriːs, ˈdiːkriːs]；美[dɪˈkriːs, ˈdiːkriːs]1. 作动词时，意为“减少；（使）变小；变少”，例如：The number of students has decreased this year.（今年学生的数量减少了。
）2. 作名词时，表示“减少；降低；减少量”，如：a decrease in population （人口的减少）。
七、endanger（动词，v.）英[ɪnˈdeɪndʒə(r)]；美[ɪnˈdeɪndʒər]意思是“使遭危险；危及；危害”，例如：The polluted water endangers the fish.（被污染的水危及鱼类。
）八、die out英[daɪ aʊt]；美[daɪ aʊt]是一个短语动词，意为“灭亡；逐渐消失”，例如：Many old traditions are dying out.（许多古老的传统正在消失。
Unit 4Wildlife Protection1. wildlife n./u/野生生物→wild ①adj.：wild animals ②n.：in the wild = in the open air = in the field = outdoors在野外③adv.2. protect…from/against…≈preserve/defend/guard/secure …from…保护…使其不受…（的伤害/影响）→protection n.3. threat n./c/：a threat/danger to sb/sth→threaten vt.：threaten sb with sth；threaten to do sth→threatening adj.4. decrease n/v.≈reduce v. →increase：decrease/increase to/by…；on the increase/decrease在增长/减少中；increasing/decreasing adj.5. danger n.：in danger of (doing) sth；out of danger→dangerous adj.→endanger vt.危及→endangered(adj.) animals 濒危动物6. habit≠habitat；species/series/means单复数同形7. die out→die off/away/down→die of/from…→be dying for sth；be dying to do sth渴望→death n.；dead adj.→deadly 致命的8. lose v.(lost/lost) →lost adj. →loss n.：a/the loss of…；at a loss茫然→be lost/missing/gone9. reserve ①n.保护区：nature reserve②vt.保留(=keep）：reserve…for…③vt.预约(= book )10. hunt v.①打猎：hunter猎人；go hunting ②v.搜寻/追寻：hunt for/after…；hunt/search (…) for…11. zone/place/part/district/region/belt/area n.地区12. peace n.：at peace/war和平；in peace (with…)和睦；make peace with sb讲和→peaceful/peacefully13. respond vi.：respond/reply to…→response n.：in response to…14. be distant from… = be far (away) from…→distance n.：at/from a distance；in the distance15. relief n./u/①(痛苦/忧虑的)减轻/缓解：a relief (from…) ②救济：in relief；(greatly/much) to one’s relief = to one’s (great) relief 16. burst into sth= burst out doing sth：burst into tears/laughter/cheers = burst out crying/laughing17. mercy n./u/：show mercy to sb = have mercy on sb；without mercy；at the mercy of…任由…摆布18. certainadj.①确定的≈certain：be/make + sure/certain + of../to dosth/that从句；It’s certain that从句②某一：a certain +名词单数= some +名词单数；certain +名词复数→certainly adv.19. the importance of…；of (great) importance = (very) important20. rub /-bed/-bing/v.：rub(…) on/against…→rubber n.橡胶/橡皮擦= eraser21. potato/tomato/hero/mosquito +es→其他以o结尾名词+s22. contain vt.包含/容纳/容忍→include：整体包含部分→including+宾语= 宾语+ included23. power/powerful/powerless/powerfully →in one’s power尽力/在…支配下；come to/into power 当权24. affectvt.①影响=influence ②感动=move ③侵袭→effect n.影响/效果/作用：have a/an…effect/influence on…；take effect生效；in effect = in fact/reality = as a matter of fact = actually25. pay/devote (…) attention to sb/(doing) sth；focus/concentrateone’s attention on…26. appreciatevt.①鉴赏②意识到③感激：appreciate(sb/one’s)(doing)sth；appreciate it + that从句（不能单独加sb做宾语）→appreciation n.27. success/successful/successfully →succeed ①vi.成功：succeedin (doing) sth②继承/接替：succeed sb；succeed (to) sth28. a secure income →income tax个税→secure adj./v. →security n.29. employ ①雇佣=hire：employsb + as / to be…②利用：employoneself in (doing) sth = be employed in (doing) sth忙于/从事做某事→employer/employee →interviewer/interviewee30. harm ①n./u/：do (no) harm to sb/sth②vt.：harm sb/sth→beharmful(adj.) to sb/sth→do/cause damage to sth；damagesth31. bite (bit, bitten) v/n.叮/咬/蛰/刺：Barking dogs seldom bite.32. come into being vi.(无宾语/无被动) 形成/产生33. county郡县≠country n.国家/乡村：in the country/countryside34. inspectvt.→inspection/inspector n.检查/视察/督查(员)35. incident n.(小)事件/事变→event (大)事件；(运动)项目→accidentn.事故/偶然：by accident/chance偶然/碰巧36. dust/dusty →dirt/dirty；according to…根据/按照(to是介词)37. appear vi.→appearance n.出现/外貌；disappear/disappearance38. fierce/fiercely凶猛≈violent/violently →violence n.暴力/暴行39. so/such…that…结果；so that…①以致于(结果) ②以便于(目的)≈in order that…→(in order) to do sth≈so as to do sth40. ending n.→end n/v.；Yours sincerely/faithfully,书信结尾。
Unit 4 Wildlife protection(人教版必修二)一．重点词汇：wildlife protection wild habitat threaten decrease endanger loss reserve hunt zone species carpet respond distant fur antelope relief laughter mercy certain importance WWF rub mosquito millipede insect contain powerful affect attention appreciate succeed Indonesia rhino secure income employ harm bite extinction dinosaur county inspect unexpected incident dust disappearance fierce ending faithfully二．单元重点词汇讲解：1．decrease vt. & vi.减少；(使)变小；或变少decrease to ...减少到……decrease by ...减少了……decrease from ... to ...从……减少到……e.g. They are making every effort to decrease the production cost.The price of wheat has decreased by 15%.The population of this village has decreased to 900.2．loss n．损失；遗失；丧失suffer a loss遭受损失at a loss亏本；不知所措；困惑e.g. He told the police about the loss of his car.The closure of the factory will lead to a number of job losses. 3．respond vi.回答；响应；做出反应(1)respond to ...回应……；对……做出反应respond that ... 回答说……(2) response n. 响应；回答in response to 作为对……的答复/反应(通常作状语)make response to 对……做出反应(强调动作)e.g. I asked her what she would do next, but she didn’t respond.The girl laughed in response to his jokes.4．relief n．(痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除；减轻痛苦的事物；缓解；宽慰relief of/from ……的减轻/消除in relief 如释重负；松了口气to one’s relief 令人感到欣慰的是e.g. In relief Daisy burst into laughter.It was a relief to be able to talk to someone about it.This medicine will give you some relief.5．mercy n．仁慈；宽恕；怜悯(1)beg/ask for mercy乞求宽恕⎭⎬⎫show mercy to have/take mercy on 对……怜悯；宽恕 (2)without mercy 残忍地；毫无同情心地at the mercy of sb./sth.任由某人/某物摆布或控制e.g. Farmers hunted us without mercy.She is a kind-hearted woman and often has mercy on people in trouble.6．certain adj .确定的；一定的; adj .某一；某些;be certain to do sth. 确定做某事be certain of/about sth.对某事有把握；确信某事make certain of/about/that ...确定……It is certain that ... 一定能……for certain ＝ for sure 确定无疑地；准确地e.g. Work hard and you will be certain to succeed.＝Work hard and it ’s certain that you ’ll succeed.7．contain vt .包含；容纳e.g. It contains a powerful drug which affects mosquitoes.When he opened the schoolbag, he found that it contained two books, a pen and an eraser.How much water do you think this bottle contains?contain 与include 的辨析(1)contain 可指所包含或容纳的全部内容或某物的成分(2)include指作为整体中的一部分而被包括进去，常使用“including ＋被包括部分”或“被包括部分＋included”的结构e.g. I’m on a diet. I have to avoid food fat and sugar.Twenty-three people, three babies, were injured in the traffic accident.＝Twenty-three people, three babies , were injured in the traffic accident.8．affect vt.影响; 感动(相当于move); (疾病)侵袭；感染effect n．影响have an effect on/upon sb./sth. 对……产生影响e.g. As a matter of fact, your opinion will not affect my decision.Most people present at the meeting were deeply affected/moved by his speech.The doctor said that her lungs got affected. 9．appreciate vt.鉴赏；感激；意识到I would appreciate it if ... 要是……我将不胜感激appreciate doing sth. 感激做某事e.g. Although a foreigner can’t appreciate Beijing Opera, he can enjoy it.We appreciate your efforts for the development of the company.10．succeed vi.成功; vt.接替；继任vi.继承；继任succeed in doing sth.succeed to sth. 继承……succeed sb. as ... 继某人之后担任……e.g. What must be done if wildlife protection is to succeed?If you keep on, you’ll succeed in time.Obama succeeded Bush as president in the USA. 11．employ vt.雇用；利用(时间、精力等)(1) employ sb. to be/as 雇用某人任……employ sb. to do sth. 雇用某人干某事(2) employ sb./oneself in (doing) sth.＝sb. be employed in (doing) sth.忙于某事；从事于某事e.g. Can they be employed to work in the park and not hurt the animals?You could employ your spare time better.12．die out灭亡；逐渐消失；逐渐熄灭e.g. As a result these endangered animals may even die out.Many species of animals are in danger of dying out.The fire is dying out. You’d better add some firewood.13．in danger (of)在危险中；垂危out of danger脱离危险a danger to ... 对……有危险；对……是危险的物(人)e.g. Why are they in danger of disappearing?Children ’s lives are in danger every time they cross this road. Even when in danger of losing his life, he can still keep calm.14．burst into laughter 突然笑起来；大声笑了出来⎭⎬⎫burst out crying burst into tears 突然哭起来⎭⎬⎫burst out laughing burst into laughter 突然大笑起来 burst into anger/applause 勃然大怒/爆发出掌声e.g. Reading the funny story, he burst into laughter.The girl burst into laughter for no reason.15．protect ... from/against 保护……不受……(危害)prevent ...(from) doing sth. 阻止……做某事stop ...(from) doing sth.阻止……做某事keep ...from doing sth.阻止……做某事e.g. He is wearing sunglasses to protect his eyes from the strong sunlight.You ’d better put on gloves to protect your hands against the cold.16．pay attention to 注意fix/focus one ’s attention on ...将注意力集中于……draw/attract/catch/get one ’s attention to ...吸引某人的注意力到……have sb.’s attention 请某人注意e.g. Nowadays our government pays more attention to the sharp rise in the price of housing.The local government pays much attention to improving the people’s life.You speak English well, but much attention should be paid to your written English.17．bite v．咬；叮；刺痛(bit; bitten)e.g. What should you do if you are being bitten by mosquitoes?The lion bit his trainer and escaped from the circus. 18．inspect vt.检查；视察inspection n．检查；视察inspector n. 检查员；视察者e.g. I got out of the car to inspect the damage.The Minister of Education inspected our school.The inspector inspected the food shop and found the meat was bad.19．incident n．事件；事变e.g. There was a shooting incident near here last night.One particular incident sticks in my mind.incident与accident的辨析(1)incident指附带的小事件；事端；事变(2)accident指意外事故e.g. Every Chinese student should remember the July 7thof 1937.She was killed in a traffic .20．come into being形成；产生come into fashion开始流行come into power 开始执政；上台come into use 开始使用come into sight 被看见e.g. No one knows when such a custom first came into being.We don’t exactly know when the universe came into being. 21．according to按照；根据……所说e.g. According to a UN report, some 844 animals and plants have disappeared in the last 500 years.Everything went according to the plan, and we arrived on time.22. long before与before long的区别（long在前很久前，long在后不久后）⑴before long相当于soon, a little later，意为“不久，不久以后”，常与将来时，过去时态连用，在句中作状语；e.g. The book will be published before long.Before long he came to Canada to go on with his education.⑵long before相当于long, long ago，意为“很久，很久以前”，常用于过去时或过去完成时。
1. 学习单词，注意重点单词的用法并灵敏运用这些单词。
2. 辨析contain/ include和各种“影响〞affect/ effect/ influence。
重点：单词decrease, contain, affect, succeed, employ的用法。
难点：contain/ include的区别，各种“影响〞affect/ effect/ influence。
【单词学习】1. decrease v. 降低，减少n. 减少；减少的数量★★★★decrease in 在……方面减少decrease to 减少到……decrease by 减少了……on the decrease 在减少The newspaper has decreased in size, but not in quality.这份报纸虽然版面减少了，但质量并未降低。
The members decreased to three hundred. 会员减少到300人。
The members decreased by three hundred. 会员减少了300人。
There has been a steady decrease in population in this city.这个城市的人口在不断减少。
This species of bird is decreasing/on the decrease in numbers every year.这种鸟的数量在逐年减少。
increase v. 增加increase to 增加到increase by增加了Unemployment increases as production decreases.消费减少，失业随之增加。
①During the eight-day march across the desert our supply of water ____________ rapidly.A. departedB. definedC. decreasedD. developed②The population of the city has ______________ 15 percent, and the GDP has ______________ 500 million dollars in the last five years.A. decreased to; increased byB. decreased by; increased toC. increased to; decreased byD. increased to; decreased to答案：①C ②B思路分析：①动词词义辨析，departed 分开，启程defined 说明，说明decreased 下降，减少developed 开展，开发句意：在穿越沙漠的八天行军中我们的水供给量急剧下降。
Unit 4 Wildlife protectionⅠ. 多维记忆重点单词※核心单词速记1. wild adj. 野生的; 未开发的2. decrease vi. &vt. 减少; (使)变小; 或变少3. mercy n. 仁慈; 宽恕; 怜悯4. certain adj. 确定的; 某一; 一定5. importance n. 重要(性)6. appreciate vt. 鉴赏; 感激; 意识到7. ine n. 收入8. bite vt. &vi. (bit, bitten) 咬; 叮; 刺痛9. inspect vt. 检查; 视察10. fierce adj. 凶猛的; 猛烈的※联想单词串记11. protection n. 保护→protect vt. 保护; 防卫12. hunt vt. &vi. 打猎; 猎取; 搜寻→hunter n. 猎人; 搜寻者13. respond vi. 回答; 响应; 做出反应→response n. 响应; 反应; 回答14. distant adj. 远的; 远处的→distance n. 距离; 远方15. relief n. (痛苦或忧虑的)减轻或解除; 减轻痛苦的事物→relieve vt.解除; 缓解16. contain vt. 包含; 容纳; 容忍→container n. 集装箱; 容器17. affect vt. 影响; 感动; 侵袭→affection n. 喜爱; 感情→effect n. 影响; 效果; 作用18. succeed vi. 成功vt. 接替; 继任→success n. 成功; 胜利; 成功的人或事物→successful adj. 成功的19. harm n. &vt. 损害; 危害→harmful adj. 有害的; 能造成损害的→harmless adj. 无害的; 无恶意的20. employ vt. 雇用; 利用(时间、精力等)→employer n. 雇主; 老板→employee n. 雇员→employment n. 使用; 雇用单句语法填空1. Fruit juices can be harmful (harm) to children’s teeth.2. We congratulated them on the successful(success) pletion of the project.3. Changes in farming methods have badly affected employment (employ) in the area.4. Why do you think environmental protection(protect) is important in America?5. What’s the distance(distant) to the station?6. She is still hunting (hunt) for a new job.7. The container contains(contain) a drink that doesn’t contain any alcohol.8. They were deeply affected (affect) by the news of her death.9. The product was developed in response(respond) to customers’demands.Ⅱ. 语境记忆重点短语1. die out灭亡; 逐渐消失2. in peace 和平地; 和睦地; 安详地3. in danger (of)在危险中; 垂危4. in relief 如释重负; 松了口气5. burst into laughter突然笑起来; 大声笑了出来6. protect. . . from. . . 保护……不受……(危害)7. pay attention to注意8. e into being形成; 产生9. according to按照; 根据……所说10. so that 以至于; 结果用以上短语的适当形式填空1. Inventors have been trying to make flying cars since the 1930s, according to Robert Mann, an airline industry expert.2. To do CPR, you press on the sick person’s chest so that blood moves through the body and takes oxygen to organs.3. But this is the first time that I have written an application and the personal resume, so I don’t know if there is something to pay attention to.4. On hearing the funny story, everyone present burst into laughter.5. He smiled in relief after he heard the news that he had passed the exam.6. The two countries which used to be at war now live in peace.7. The government should take measures to protect the environment from being polluted.8. Do you know when the Australian Federation officially came into being?Ⅲ. 应用记忆经典句式1. Please take me to a distant land where I can find the animal(在那里我能找到……的那种动物)that gave fur to make this sweater. (where引导定语从句)2. It shows the importance of wildlife protection, but I’d like to help as the WWF suggests(按照世界野生生物基金会的建议). (as引导的方式状语从句)3. After a while she saw some zebra with black and white lines going beneath their stomachs (它们身上有一直延伸到……的黑白相间的条纹). (with的复合结构)4. It is a pity that(遗憾的是)in the story nobody helped the dodo. (It is+n. +that. . . 句型)句式仿写1. 我想住在一个阳光充足的国家。
