北师大版高中英语必修五第1讲:Unit13 people-词汇篇1(学生版)-最新教学文档
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Unit13 people lesson 1Grammar Past Participles一、过去分词的定义及基本形式1.过去分词是动词的另一种非谓语形式。
它兼有动词、副词和形容词的特征,可以带宾语芝受状语修饰。
它和宾语或状语一起构成过去分词短语。
2.过去分词的基本形式是:动词+ -ed,但也可以有不规则形式。
二、句法功能:过去分词在句中可以作定语、表语、宾语补足语或状语。
1.作定语作定语用的过去分词如果是单词,一般放在被修饰的词的前面,过去分词短语作定语,则放在被修饰的词的后面。
Smoked ham熏火腿Boiled water开水Steamed roll花卷Spoken English英语口语Oppressed people被压迫的人民Eg: There are many fallen leaves on the ground.地上有许多落叶This is a book written by a peasant.这是一本农民写的书.2.作表语作表语的过去分词多表示主语所处的状态。
Eg: I was pleased at the news.听了这消息我很高兴The door remained locked门仍然锁着He looked very excited他显得很激动过去分词作表语用,相当于形容词,最常见的有:delighted,disappointed,discouraged,drunk,amused,astonished,hurt,interested,crowded,tired,satisfied,ple ased,surprised,worried,excited,married,puzzled,upset等.3.作宾语补足语过去分词可以在see,hear,notice,watch,keep,fijnd,get,have,feel等动词后与名词(代词)构成复合宾语eg: I often hear the song sung in English.我常听人用英语唱这首歌She found the door closed.她发觉那门是关着的I must get my bike repaired.我必须请人修理自行车Can you make yourself understood?你能让别人明白你的意思吗?4.作状语过去分词作状语,修饰谓语,说明动作发生的背景或情况。
【教育资料】北师大版高中英语必修五第1讲:Unit13people-词汇篇1(学生版)学习精品Unit13 People 词汇篇1________________________________________________________________ __________________________________________________________________________________ __________________通过本节课,学生可掌握unit13中重点词汇及其用法,并通过各个题型的练习,巩固词汇基础,提升综合解题能力。
一、重点单词1. gain vt.获得;增加;(钟、表)走快,(经努力)到达,达到搭配:gain sth.【精讲拓展】vi.(1)获利,赚钱;得益[(+by/from)]We all gained from the experience.我们都从这次经验中获益。
(2)取得进展;得到改善;增进健康The singer is gaining in popularity.这歌手越来越受到人们的欢迎。
(3)(钟、表等)走快【典型例句】We gained experience by working during the summer.我们从暑期的工作中获得了经验.Students gain knowledge by reading.学生们通过阅读增加知识。
We gained our destination before dark.我们天黑之前到达了目的地。
My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快五分钟。
2. concentrate vi.&vt.集中(注意力、思想等)集中于某处;使集中于一点【精讲拓展】concentrate on/uponconcentrate one’s attention onconcentration n.【典型例句】We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。
(北师大版)高中英语必修第五册第十三单元词汇表Unit 13Learning to learnassessment n.评定;估价self-assessment n.自我评估strength n.力量;力气;兵力;长处weakness n.弱点;软弱;疲软;虚弱;缺点;衰弱;懦弱;(对人或事物的)迷恋,无法抗拒gain vt.获得;增加;赚到appropriately adv.适当地;合适的;相称地passive adj.被动的,消极的;被动语态的phrase n.短语,习语,词组,(音)乐句concentrate vi.集中;浓缩;全神贯注;聚集previous adj.以前的;早先的positive adj.积极乐观的;完全的;良好的;正数的;n.优势;阳性结果(或反应)associate vt.联想;使联合mental adj.精神的;精神健康的;智力的;n.精神病;精神病患者lawyer n.律师;法学家senior adj.高级的;年长的;n.高中三年级学生大四学生senior high高中physicist n.物理学家;唯物论者Warm-upbeard n.胡须;络腮胡子blond adj.金发的sunglasses n.太阳镜;墨镜uniform n.制服;adj.统一的;一致的moustache n.胡子;髭heel n.脚后跟sleeve n.袖子;(机器的)套筒,套管;唱片套facial adj.面部的,表面的expression n.表达,表示connection n.连接;关系chain n.链;束缚;枷锁;vt.束缚;囚禁Lesson 1aircraft n.飞机,航空器emergency n.紧急情况;突发事件;非常时刻pray vi.&vt.祈祷;请;恳求gifted adj.有天赋的;有才华的accurately adv.精确地,准确地draw up草拟,起草;停住;使靠近description n.描述,描写;类型;说明书academic adj.学术的;学业的;n.高等院校教师;高校科研人员predict vt.预报,预言;预知deserve vt.应受,应得;值得failure n.失败;故障;失败者;破产mistaken adj.错误的;弄错的;被误解的association n.协会,联盟;联合;联想;关联thus conj.因此;adv.因此;这样;possibility n.可能;可能性;机会;潜力;契机;可选择的方法disability n.残疾;(某种)缺陷,障碍;(指状态、身心、学习等方面的)缺陷entirely adv.完全地,彻底地Easter n.复活节embassy n.大使馆accuse vt.控告,指控;谴责;归咎于lightning n.闪电;adj.闪电的;快速的Lesson 2personality n.性格;个性;人格;魅力;名人clerk n.店员;职员;(议会、法院等的)书记员;vi.当职员(或文书、书记员)conductor n.导体;售票员;领导者;管理人butcher n.屠夫;vt.屠杀athletic adj.运动的,运动员的;体格健壮的independent adj.独立的;单独的;无党派的neat adj.整洁的;优雅的;齐整的selfish adj.自私的;利己主义的sharp n.尖头;骗子;内行;adj.急剧的;锋利的;强烈的;敏捷的;刺耳的;整点的characteristic n.特征;特性;特色desire n.欲望;要求;vt.想要;要求satisfaction n.满意,满足harvest n.收获;产量;结果;vt.收割;得到;vi.收割庄稼biology n.生物学;生理pineapple n.菠萝,凤梨peach n.桃子;桃树;vt.告发kindness n.善良;仁慈;宽容;体贴;友好的举动requirement n.要求;必要条件;必备的条件;所需的(或所要的)东西airline n.航空公司;航线;空气输送管(给潜水员、风钻等输送空气用)aboard adv.&prep.在(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等)上;上(船、飞机、公共汽车、火车等);在船上damp adj.潮湿的assistant n.助手,助理,助教independence n.独立性,自立性;自主poet n.诗人translator n.译者;翻译器Lesson 3tutor n.导师;家庭教师tear n.眼泪;vi.流泪,撕破;vt.撕掉,扯下cheek n.面颊,脸颊hug n.拥抱;v.拥抱;紧抱在一起upset n.混乱;adj.心烦的;vt.使心烦;颠覆fault n.故障;错误;缺点;(地质)断层thunder n.雷;轰隆声;vi.打雷wool n.羊毛;(羊等的)绒,毛;毛线;毛织物;毛料;绒线pine n.松树;松木;vi.(因死亡、离别)难过,悲伤seed n.种子;萌芽;子孙;种子选手squirrel n.松鼠sparrow n.麻雀bleed vi.流血;榨取broken adj.破碎的;坏掉的relief n.救济;减轻,解除;安慰shelter n.庇护;避难所;遮盖物;vt.保护;vi.躲避,避难scholar n.学者;奖学金获得者;聪颖勤奋的学生bench n.长凳;工作台;替补队员;vt.给……以席位housewife n.家庭主妇postcode n.邮政编码;邮编astronomy n.天文学Lesson 4allergic adj.变应的,过敏的;变应性的;变态反应性的anxiety n.焦虑;忧虑;担心;害怕;渴望revision n.(印刷)修正;复习;修订本oral adj.口头的;口服的;口腔的;口腔发声的;n.(尤指外语考试中的)口试straw n.稻草;吸管;一文不值的东西glare vi.怒目而视;n.刺眼的光;v.怒目而视;发出刺眼的光;adj.光滑的;section n.部分;节;段;部件;vt.切断;切开literary adj.文学的;文学上的;爱好文学的glance n.一瞥;vi.扫视,匆匆一看;瞥见steam n.蒸汽;vi.冒水汽;蒸confirm vt.确认;确定;证实librarian n.图书管理员file n.文件;档案;锉刀sigh v.叹气;叹息;叹息道;叹着气说;悲鸣;n.叹气;叹息grateful adj.感激的;(尤用于书信或正式场合提出请求)感激不尽,请;表示感谢的guilty adj.有罪的;内疚的can't help doing sth禁不住做某事alike adj.相似的;相同的shortcoming n.缺点;短处account n.账户;账目,账单;vt.认为;把……视为button n.按钮;钮扣;vt.扣住;扣紧;在……上装钮扣parrot n.鹦鹉cage n.笼,兽笼;鸟笼;vt.把……关进笼子;把……囚禁起来Communication Workshopjudge n.法官;裁判员;vt.判断;审判part-time adj.兼职的,兼任的;非全日制的;部分时间的;adv.兼职地;用部分时间地claw n.爪;钳;vi.用爪抓(或挖)yoghurt (=yoghourt)n.酸奶;酸乳酪honey n.蜂蜜;宝贝;vi.奉承;说甜言蜜语chew n.咀嚼;vi.细想,深思;vt.嚼碎,咀嚼satellite n.卫星;人造卫星wrinkle n.皱纹;vi.起皱forehead n.额,前额block n.块;街区;vt.阻止;阻塞;adj.成批的,大块的;交通堵塞的lap n.一圈;膝盖;v.拍打;包围salty adj.咸的;含盐的carrot n.胡萝卜pea n.豌豆companion n.同伴;朋友;vt.陪伴devote vt.致力于;奉献devotion n.献身,奉献;忠诚;热爱forever adv.永远;永恒。
高中英语必修5(北师大版)Unit 13 People知识点总结一、重点词汇gifted·原文再现You are a gifted student who always gets As in exams, but you have just found out you got a C in arecent test.你是一个有天赋的学生,总是在考试中得A,但是在近期的一次考试中发现得了C。
·基本用法gifted adj. 有天赋的,有天资的;有才华的Martin Gatt is a gifted pianist.马丁盖特是个有才华的钢琴家。
·知识拓展相关单词gift n. 礼物;天赋;赠品have a gift /talent for...有...的天赋He has a gift for foreign languages.他有外语天才。
Mother has a gift for making guests feel at home.母亲有使客人觉得无拘无束的才能。
This child has a gift for painting.这个小孩子有绘画方面的天赋。
相关短语be gifted in 在...方面有天赋be gifted with 天生......He was gifted with a good voice.他天生一个好嗓子。
He was gifted in music.他在音乐上有天才。
draw up·原文再现Draw up an agenda and discuss it with the group.起草一个议事议程并与小组一起讨论。
·基本用法draw up 起草,草拟;制定;停下来A taxi drew up in front of the house.一辆出租汽车在房子前面停了下来。
He drew up a brief for his speech.他起草了一份讲话的摘要。
Unit13 People 词汇篇1____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________通过本节课,学生可掌握unit13中重点词汇及其用法,并通过各个题型的练习,巩固词汇基础,提升综合解题能力。
一、重点单词1. gain vt.获得;增加;(钟、表)走快,(经努力)到达,达到搭配:gain sth.【精讲拓展】vi.(1)获利,赚钱;得益[(+by/from)]We all gained from the experience.我们都从这次经验中获益。
(2)取得进展;得到改善;增进健康The singer is gaining in popularity.这歌手越来越受到人们的欢迎。
(3)(钟、表等)走快【典型例句】We gained experience by working during the summer.我们从暑期的工作中获得了经验.Students gain knowledge by reading.学生们通过阅读增加知识。
We gained our destination before dark.我们天黑之前到达了目的地。
My watch gains five minutes a day.我的表一天快五分钟。
2. concentrate vi.&vt.集中(注意力、思想等)集中于某处;使集中于一点【精讲拓展】concentrate on/uponconcentrate one’s attention onconcentration n.【典型例句】We must concentrate our attention on efficiency.我们必须把注意力集中在效率上。
For centuries the population of Europe has been concentrated in large cities.几个世纪以来,欧洲的人口一直集中在大城市里。
It’s hard to concentrate on writing a letter with the TV on.开着电视机很难集中精力写信。
Concentration is essential if you want to do a good job.如果你想把事情做好,专心是必要的。
3. connect vt.&vi.连接;结合;连结,接通电话,(与with连用)有联系,有关搭配:connect with /to;connection n.be connected to/with/by【典型例句】This railway connects London and Edinburgh.这条铁路连接伦敦与爱丁堡。
The operator connected me with the order department.接线员为我接通订购部的电话。
This wire connects with that one.这根电线与那根连接。
There is a connection between good health and eating well.健康与合理膳食有关系。
【词语辨析】(1)be connected to:把……连上Please connect the computer to the Internet.(2)be connected with:把……与……连接起来It serves as a bridge which connects the mainland with the rest of the world.它是连接祖国大陆与世界其他地方的桥梁。
(3)be connected by:被……连接在一起The whole world is connected by computers and it is becoming smaller and smaller. 整个世界被电脑连在了一起,世界变得越来越小了。
4. deserve vt.应得,值得【精讲拓展】deserve to do sth.deserve sth.deserve to be done=deserve doing...deserve ill/well of 有罪于/有功于【典型例句】They deserved to be praised.他们应该受到表扬。
The rescuers deserved a reward for their courageous act.救援者应为他们的英勇行为得到奖赏。
I think you’re playing with fire. You deserve it!你是老鼠戏猫,真是自作自受!That goodhearted girl married h er ‘prince’ finally. She deserved it.那个好心女孩终于嫁给了她的心上人。
她是有好报。
He has deserved well of his country.他有功于国家。
5. fail v. ;failure n. 失败【精讲拓展】fail sth. fail to do sth. fail in sth. sth. fail sb.【典型例句】Their first attempt at climbing the mountain failed.他们的初次登山尝试以失败告终。
We will never fail to live up to what our parents expect of us.我们决不辜负我们的父母对我们的期望。
She failed in the examination.她这次考试不及格。
He is so excited that words failed him.他如此激动以致说不上话来。
Early airplane experiments ended in failure.早期的飞机实验以失败告终。
6. mistake n. &v.;mistaken adj.【精讲拓展】make a mistake by mistake mistake...for...【典型例句】I’m not blaming you—we all make mistakes.我不是在责备你——我们都会犯错。
I took your pen by mistake.我错拿了你的钢笔。
I mistook Anna for his sister.我误把安娜当作是他妹妹。
【词语辨析】mistake/error/fault/wrongmistake指偶然做错了事,如拼写错误,错拿了东西等,强调日常生活中的错误。
It was a mistake buying that house.买那套房子是个错误。
error指违反某一标准做的错事,包括道德上的错误。
He can’t forget the errors of his youth.他忘不了他年轻时犯的错误。
fault 常常指人在性格上或办事方式上的“缺点”“毛病”,强调过失的责任,不能与make连用搭配:挑毛病用find one’s fault。
It’s my fault that we are late.我们迟到是我的错。
wrong 指“坏事,冤枉”。
7. accuse vt.指控,控告搭配:accuse sb. of...多用于正式的场合,用于描述“指控”某种犯罪行为。
【精讲拓展】charge sb. with...适用范围十分广泛,用于“指控”“谴责”“责备”都可以,而且常用于表达道德方面的错误。
【典型例句】The surgeon was accused of negligence.这名外科医生被控玩忽职守。
The police accused him of murder.警方指控他谋杀。
They accused him of taking bribes.他们控告他受贿。
8. require vt.&vi.要求,需要,命令;requirement n.【精讲拓展】require doing...require sb.to do sth.require sth. of sb.require that sb. should do...It is required that sb. should do...【典型例句】The floor requires washing.地板该洗了。
Bringing up children often requires you to put their needs first. 抚养孩子常得把他们的需要放在首位。
All passengers are required to show their tickets.所有乘客都必须出示车票。
The emergency requires that it should be done.情况紧急,非这样做不可。
The rules require that you bring only one guest to the dinner. 按照规定,你只能带一位客人出席晚宴。
The police required the address of the thief.警察要求小偷提供地址。
【词语辨析】request/require/command/orderrequest要求,请求,语气比其他词委婉;request可用作make a request,所以request (sb.to do sth.) 是“请求(某人做某事)”,是下对上的要求;而require表示order,demand,是“命令,要求”之意,指上对下的要求,比如法律条款对当事人的要求,业主对雇员的要求。
这样记忆吧,request是你看到同学说的,require是老师对你说的。
order和command在用法上很相似,command和order都有“命令”之意,都可以接名词、从句作宾语,接不定式作宾语补足语,接从句时从句要用虚拟语气。
command指权威方面正式下令,主要用于军事场合。
The general commanded his men to attack the city.将军命令士兵攻城。
order 执行任务或掌权者发布命令时使用,为常用词,可用于正式或非正式场合。
The police officer ordered that I should get out of the car.警察命令我从汽车里出来。