中考英语专项突破 阅读理解精练(8)

阅读理解专题命题趋势1．阅读理解题主要是考查考生综合运用所学语言知识的能力，包括阅读能力、理解能力、归纳概括能力、逻辑推理能力以及对阅读材料的评估能力。

试题中所选的阅读文章题材广泛，涉及政治经济、社会文化、风俗习惯、历史地理、科学技术等各个方面。

体裁多样，包括记叙文、说明文、议论文、应用文以及新闻报道、广告、通知、操作说明、表格等各种文体。

2．中考对阅读理解的考查重点是：（1）根据上下文和构词法推断、理解生词的含义；（2）理解段落中句与句之间的逻辑关系；（3）归纳文章的主题，理解故事的情节，预测故事情节的发展和可能的结局；（4）根据不同的阅读目的，运用简单的阅读策略获取主要信息，按要求完成题目。

3．考查的方式主要有：判断正误型阅读理解，选择型阅读理解，任务型阅读理解。

题型解法题型1判断正误型阅读理解做这类题时应遵循下面的解题步骤：1．通读全文，大体了解文章的主要内容。

从而在审读问题时能抓住关键的信息。

2．审读题目，带着问题去研读短文，对于在短文中出现的句子可以直接判断出正误。

3．有些判断正误题不容易直接得出答案，这时候需要细读短文，根据短文中所有相关的信息进行综合，从而判断该题是否正确。

4．复读短文，细细斟酌，消除疑难点，保证答案的准确性。

【例1】阅读短文，根据短文内容判断所给句子正（T）、误（F）。

“Who needs a shopping mall if you have Taobao？” says Wang Lin,28，a writer in Beijing.Taobao，China's largest online shopping site（网上购物站），has become an important part of Wang Lin's life.She spends lots of money on Taobao.A growing number of Chinese Internet users like Wang have found the joys of online shopping.Most online shoppers are students or young workers.More women shop on line than men.Clothing and home-use products are the most popular on line.It was reported that more than 250 billion（十亿）yuan was spent on online shopping last year,80% through Taobao.You may question the security（安全）of online shopping.Don't worry.Unless you receive the products from the sellers and are satisfied with them，the shop owner will not get the money.You can also get your money back if you want to return the products.41．Taobao is an online shopping site.42．Most online shoppers are young women.43．Food is more popular than clothing on line.44．Shopping on line is not safe.答案与解析：41．T细节理解题。

专题三：人与社会备战2022年中考英语阅读理解专项突破考向8 人与社会之旅游Passage 1 （2021·辽宁沈阳·中考真题）Famous LandmarksThe Great Wall of China was begun in 214 B．C．. It was built for preventing the enemies. It is the largest building ever built. We can see it from space. The Colosseum in Rome was opened in 80 A．D．It was sometimes filled with water for ship battles.The Taj Mabal in India was built between 1630and 1652. It is a grave for the wife of an Indianprince. It attracts lots of visitors every year.The Eiffel Tower in Paris was pleted in 1889. It1．If you’d like to visit the Colosseum in Rome, you should go to ________.A．China B．France C．India D．Italy2．How long did it take Indians to build the Taj Mahal?A．Nearly 80 years. B．Almost 100 years.C．About 22 years. D．Around 214 years.3．Which building has nothing to do with fights?A．The Great Wall. B．The Colosseum.C．The Taj Mahal. D．The Eiffel Tower.4．The description of the landmarks tells us that ________.A．the Great Wall is the biggest building ever builtB．the Colosseum was opened to the public in 80 B．C．C．the Taj Mahal was built for an Indian princeD．people built the Eiffel Tower to remember Paris【答案】1．D 2．C 3．C 4．A【分析】主要介绍了四个著名的地标：长城、古罗马斗兽场、泰姬陵和埃菲尔铁塔。

专题四：人与自然备战2022年中考英语阅读理解专项突破考向1 人与自然之自然景观Passage 1 （2021·黑龙江大庆·中考真题）It’s 2050. The Earth is dying, and moving to Mars seems to be the only way out for humans. A team of American astronauts (宇航员) begin to search on Mars. This is what the movie Red Planet begins with. Known as the Red Planet, Mars is the favourite of writers and filmmakers.Mars is the fourth planet from the Sun and the next planet beyond the Earth. Mars is the only planet whose surface can be seen from the Earth. It is about half size of our planet.The surface of Mars is more like the Earth than any other planet. But it is further from the Sun than the Earth, so temperatures on Mars are much lower. Plants and animals can not live now on Mars. But many scientists still believe that such life may have been on Mars long ago.On 6th August, 1996, scientists discovered a piece of rock from Mars, which fell to the Earth 13, 000 years ago. 10 years later, some scientists still didn’t accept that there was life on Mars. People may not be su re about life on Mars until a sample (样本) of life is brought back. Some further researches are being done in many countries. If you want to know more, please click spaceexploration .Choose the right answer according to the passage.1．Why is the movie Red Planet mentioned?A．To introduce the topic. B．To advise readers to go to Mars.C．To pare Mars with the Earth. D．To tell stories about American astronauts.2．What do we know about Mars?A．Mars is as big as the Earth in size.B．Mars is the fourth planet from the Earth.C．The surface of Mars is similar to that of the Earth.D．Mars is one of the planets whose surfaces can be seen from the Earth.3．No life exists on Mars because ________ .A．it is too soft B．it is too far C．it is too small D．it is loo cold4．What did scientists find from Mars in 1996?A．Some plants B．Some animals C．A piece of rock D．Some water5．The passage is most probably taken from ________ .A．a notice B．a website C．a diary D．a tour guidePassage 2 （2021·江苏宿迁·中考真题）When your town has winter, the earth’s axis(轴) is pointing away from the sun. Your town doesn’t get as much light or heat from the sun. The days are shorter and colder.Winter and summer happen because the earth is tilted(倾斜) as it revolves around the sun. The northern end of the earth’s axis points towards the sun in summer. You have more hours of light in summer. Your part of the earth is towards the sun for more hours each day. When the part of the earth where you live is towards the sun, you have hotter days. In winter, when your part of the earth points away from the sun, you have colder days.You have learned about winter and summer. There are two more seasons in the year. One es after winter and before summer. The other season es after summer and before winter. Can you name them? That’s right. Spring es between winter and summer and autumn es after summer but before winter.The four seasons are spring, summer, autumn and winter. Spring and autumn are apposite seasons. Which season do you like best?You have thought about the four seasons of the year. Each season is different. The seasons are made by the northern end of the axis pointing towards or away from the sun.Your part of the world gets more heat from the sun when the northern end of the axis points to the sun. When the axis points away from the sun, you get less heat. Now you know why winter is colder than summer. The axis is pointing away from the sun in winter. It is pointing towards the sun in summer.6．What does the underlined word “revolves” in paragraph 2 mea n?A．Moves. B．Turns. C．Jumps. D．Sites.7．What is the passage mainly about?A．How four seasons happen. B．How the weather changes.C．When the earth’s axis points towards the sun.D．When the earth’s axis points away from the sun.8．Where does the passage probably e from?A．A film guide. B．A storybook. C．A science magazine. D．A book review.Passage 3 （2021·黑龙江虎林·中考真题）You e home on a hot summer day, hoping to have a cool bath, but find there is no water. Then you see how important water is in your daily life. While sometimes you have the idea, in many parts of the world, water is not just about one’s everyday needs.In countries like Tanzania, water is hard to get, and the job of collecting water falls on women’s shoulders. Girls often have to leave school to collect water, while their brothers stay at school studying. The girls spend more time collecting water. That means they have less time for learning.For these girls, “Knowledge is Power” is not just words; it’s a sad fact in real life. As they spend less time at school, they have fewer chances of getting good jobs, and they often have no choices on important matters, like who to marry. These girls are often married into poor families. They have little money or knowledge to take care of their children. For the baby girls who are lucky enough to survive(生存) , their life may be still around “water”, just like their mothers’.Choose the best choice according to what you read.9．What do the underlined words “the idea” mean?A．Water is important in one’s everyday life.B．Water is not just about one’s everyday needs.C．It’s nice to have a cool bath on a hot summer day.10．Collecting water is ________ job.A．men’s B．women’s C．boys’11．“Knowledge is Power” is ________ for Tanzanian girls.A．not just words B．a sad fact in real life C．both A and B12．Which is TRUE about the Tanzanian women according to the passage?A．They have many chances of getting good jobs.B．They often have choices on important matters.C．The baby girls’ life may be still just like their mothers’.13．What can we learn from the passage?A．The girls have a hard life in countries like Tanzania.B．Why it’s important to save water.C．How water may give a country power.Passage 4 （2021·湖北十堰·中考真题）A river is a flowing（流动的）, moving stream of water. Usually a river feeds water into an ocean, lake, pond, or even another river. Rivers can differ in size and there is no strict rule on how big a flow of water must be to be called as a river. Here are the five longest rivers in the world.The Nile RiverThe Nile River is 4,135 miles long. It is located in the continent ofAfrica, mostly in the countries of Egypt and Sudan. It flows north intothe Mediterranean Sea.The Amazon RiverThe Amazon River is 3,980 miles long. It is located in the continent ofSouth America and flows through several countries including Brazil,Venezuela, Bolivia, and Ecuador. It ends at the Atlantic Ocean.The Yangtze RiverLocated in China, the Yangtze River is 3,917 miles long and flows intothe East China Sea.The Mississippi River and the Missouri RiverThe river system of the Mississippi River and the Missouri River is thelongest river system in North America at 3,902 miles. It flows southinto the Gulf of Mexico.The Yenisei RiverThe Yenisei River starts in Mongolia and flows through Russia to theKara Sea in the Arctic Ocean. It’s 3,445 miles long.There are 76 rivers in the world over 1,000 miles long. A lot of people think that rivers always flow south, but 4 of the 10 longest rivers in the world flow north. The United States alone has around 3.5 million miles of rivers.Four of the top 10 longest rivers flow through China at some point.14．The Nile River is _________ longer than the Yangtze River.A．155 miles B．218 miles C．233 miles D．690 miles15．Which is the second longest river in the world?A．The Nile River. B．The Mississippi River. C．The Yangtze River. D．The Amazon River.16．The Mississippi River ends at _________.A．the Mediterranean Sea B．the East China SeaC．the Gulf of Mexico D．the Arctic Ocean17．According to the passage, how many rivers are there in the world over 1,000 miles long?A．10. B．76. C．4. D．35.18．What is the last paragraph mainly about?A．Fun facts about world rivers.B．In which direction most rivers flow.C．Rivers over 1,000 miles long in the world.D．Four longest rivers flowing through China.Passage 5 （2021·浙江衢州·中考真题）There are about 1.5 million kinds of living things on Earth, but how many do you see every day? You often see the big colourful animals, like birds, rabbits, and fish. But look more closely. Can you see the small ones, too? Insects（昆虫）make up 80 percent of all the world’s living kinds. Look on the ground. Imagine you could look under the ground, too. Many small living things with one cell live there. Life is everywhere around us, in every cubic foot (a foot= 12 inches).David Littschwager is a photographer who wanted to find out how many living things lived in one cubic foot.So he made a 12inch cube with a green metal frame. And then he put it in five habitats（栖息地）. He chose a tropical rainforest（Costa Rica）, a coral reef（Pacific Ocean), the Table Mountain(South Africa), a freshwater river(USA), and a small park(New York). Three weeks were spent at each place. He watched, counted, and took photos of everything down to I millimeter in size—that crawled（爬）or flew into the cube.The results were amazing. Liittschwager found both mon and rare living things. He discovered many new living kinds, like a strange transparent octopus that is the size of a fingernail! In total, more than a thousand living things were photographed. Liittchwager said the One Cubic Foot experience was like “finding treasure”. David Liittschwager also found that the highest biodiversity（生物多样性）in the reef was in the skeleton coral（珊瑚遗骨）. These skeleton coral are suitable for sea living things of all sizes to grow. Although the coral reef had the widest range of biodiversity, all the other habitats were full of life. Even the city park!19．What does “one cubic foot” mean in Paragraph 2?A．1 inch x 1 inch B．1 inch x 1 inch x l inchC．12 inches x 12 inches D．12 inches x 12 inches x 12 inches20．What did David Liittschwager think of the One Cubic Foot experience?A．It was valuable. B．It was different. C．It was simple. D．It was mon.21．Which habitat has the most biodiversity?A．The tropical rainforest. B．The coral reef. C．The Table Mountain. D．The city park.22．Which of the following is the best title for the passage?A．Life Is Everywhere B．Find Treasure in NatureC．Five Habitats to Live in D．A Story of David LittschwagerPassage 6 （2021·浙江宁波·中考真题）Have you ever entered a tropical rainforest(热带雨林)? Rainforests make up only a small part of the Earth’s surface, about six percent, but there are more kinds of trees than any other area in the whole world.Tropical rainforests are in Africa, Asia, Central and South America, Australia, and on the Pacific islands. The largest tropical rainforest is the Amazon (亚马逊)Rainforest in South America, which covers 1. 2 billion acres, or almost five million square kilometres. The second largest rainforest is in Western Africa.Rainforests provide us with many things. In fact, the Amazon Rainforest is the “lungs of our planet” because itproduces 20%of the world’s oxygen (氧气). One fifth of the world’s fresh water is also found in the Ama zon Rainforest. Furthermore, one half of the world’s species of animals, plants and insects live in the Earth’s rainforests. 80% of the food we eat first grew in the rainforest. 25%of the drugs we take when we are sick are made of plants that grow only in rainforests. Some of these drugs are even used to fight and cure cancer.There are four different levels of trees in a rainforest. The forest floor is the lowest layer full of animal life and receives the least amount of light. The under storey is the dark, cool environment under the leaves but over the ground. The canopy layer is the upper parts of most of the trees. The emergent layer contains a small number of very tall trees.These different parts of a rainforest exist together to create an ecosystem for many animals, plants and human beings.23．This passage is mainly about ________.A．kinds of forest B．where rainforests areC．facts about rainforests D．how much oxygen rainforests make24．The Amazon Rainforest provides us with ________ percent of the wo rld’s oxygen.A．twenty B．twentyfive C．fifty D．eighty25．Where can we probably find a tropical rainforest according to the passage?A．In France. B．In China. C．In Canada. D．In Britain.26．Which is the right picture to show four different levels of trees in a rainforest?A．B．C ．D ．Passage 7 （2021·浙江金华·中考真题）The world is full of amazing nature, buildings, technology and discoveries. Some are manmade and others happen naturally.Musical roadIn Japan, there are roads that play music as cars travel over them.Grooves（沟）are carefully cut into the surface of the road. The spacesbetween the grooves make different music as cars touch them. Thecloser the groves are, the louder the music will be..Bicycle in the treeOn Vashon Island, Washington, a bike is seen high up in a tree.The bike is not hanging on a branch（树枝）—it is fixed in the tree andthe tree has continued growing upwards. The tree grows around thebike instead of pushing it over, making it part of its growth.Underground cityIn Cappadocia, Turkey, a man knocked down a wall of his homeand discovered a huge underground city. It has many tunnels（隧道）,rooms and wells. Thousands of shafts（通风井）bring air to even thedeepest levels. The city is huge enough for 200 people and theiranimals to live in.27．According to the passage, the musical road plays music because ________.A．the road is huge enough B．cars are running very fastC．cars touch the spaces between the grooves D．there is a piano on the road28．What makes the tree so amazing?A．It’s high up in the sky.B．It pushes a bike over.C．A bike hangs on its branch. D．It continues growing with a bike inside.29．In which part of a magazine can we most probably read this passage?A．Travel. B．Technology. C．Education. D．Health.Passage 8 （2021·江苏连云港·中考真题）You might have seen beautiful rainbows in the sky before. They form when sunlight falls on water drops in the air. But in fact, moonlight can also create rainbows in the same way. They are called “moonbows”. They are similar to rainbows, but they are created by moonlight instead of direct sunlight.Moonbows are rarer than rainbows. Different weather and astronomical （天文学的）conditions have to be just right for moonbows to be created.The moon has to be very low in the skyonly 42 degrees from the horizon （地平线）. The moon period has to be a full moon or nearly full. The sky must be very dark for a moonbow to be watched clearlyany bright light can obscure it. Water drops must appear in the air in the opposite direction of the moon.Moonbows appear on the opposite side of the moon and usually look white to the human eye. This is because their colors are not bright enough to be noticed by the human eye. It is possible, however, to view the colors in a moonbow using long exposure （长时间曝光）photography.Moonbows more often appear in some locations around the world. Most of these locations usually have waterfalls, which create thin fog in the air. Some of these locations are the Yosemite National Park in California and Cumberland Falls State Resort Park in Kentucky, US; Victoria Falls on the border of Zambia and Zimbabwe; andWaimea in Hawaii, US.Moonbows do really happen. So at a certain time and a certain place, when a moonbow happens to appear, you can’t miss it if you’re right there.30．According to the first two paragraphs, moonbows are ________.A．created by sunlight B．much easier to findC．seen during the day D．more difficult to form31．Which of the following can be the conditions for a moonbow to form?A．A half moon hangs high in the bright sky.B．A full moon is 50 degrees from the horizon.C．A nearly full moon hangs low in the dark sky.D．Water drops are in the opposite direction of the sun.32．What does the underlined word “obscure” in paragraph 3 probably me an?A．cover B．drop C．connect D．produce33．What is paragraph 5 mainly about?A．Conditions of moonbows. B．Background of moonbows.C．Locations of moonbows. D．Development of moonbows.Passage 9 （2021·浙江嘉兴·中考真题）The natural world is colorful with humans, plants and animals showing different colors.Human skin can be many different colors and it changes with the sun, our feelings or our health for example. This is because of pigments(色素), which reflect light and make what the eye sees as colors. So, when we feel excited or angry, our heart can send more blood to the face and the pigments in the skin bee red. This is why we have the expression that someone “sees red” when they are angry.Plants also have pigments. Color is important for them to live on. The bright colors of flowers catch the attention of insects(昆虫), which then carry their pollen(花粉) from one flower to another. Bees can see colors we cannot, and they follow these to the inside of the flower. Without bees visiting flowers in this way, many plants would die out.Animals also use color for their own need. They protect themselves with different colors so as not to be seen by predators. The snowshoe hare for example, a type of wild rabbit, changes color with seasons for this reason.During summer it is a brown color, and in winter it is white so that it can hide in the snow. However, some animals use color as a warning to make predators stay away. Bright colors such as yellow and red are often used in this way. Nature, however, is very clever, and predators also use colors to attract(吸引) the animals they feed on.So, we can see that there may be many different reasons and uses for colors in the natural world. Some uses of color in nature remain unknown, but one thing is for sure, color not only makes our planet beautiful but it is also necessary for our planet to live on.34．Paragraph 2 mainly tells us that ________ is/are the cause that makes human skin change color.A．feelings B．pigments C．blood D．sunshine35．According to Paragraph 3, plants can use ________ to attract insects.A．leaves B．fruits C．pollen D．color36．The underlined word “predators” in Paragraph 4 refers to animals which ________.A．hide in secret places B．kill other animals for foodC．change color with the sun D．protect themselves from danger37．What is the main purpose of the passage?A．To describe animals’ ways of life.B．To encourage us to study color in nature.C．To introduce the uses of colors for life on earth. D．To explain the importance of protecting our planet.Passage 10 （2020·江苏宿迁·中考真题）Antarctica（南极洲）is at the southern end of the Earth. It is the coldest, driest and windiest place on our planet. What would it be like to live and work there?On Oct 15, 50 Chinese researchers took a ship named Xuelong 2 from Shenzhen to Antarctica. Xuelong 2 is the first icebreaker（破冰船）made in China. It took two years to build Xuelong 2. It is reported that Xuelong 2 is one of the world's best research icebreakers.Chinese researchers have been to Antarctica 35 times. Because of its unusual environment, researchers fromaround the world have been going there to do study（研究）for many years. Some studies can only be done in Antarctica. For example, there is little air pollution there. This makes it easier for scientists to study the weather, atmosphere（大气）and stars.The study of Antarctica's geology（地质）is also important. Rocks in Antarctica can tell us what the weather was like long time ago, and help us understand how the Earth has changed over time. There are also many wild animals, such as penguins（企鹅）, seals（海豹）and birds. Scientists can learn how animals live in cold places by studying them.Xie Zhouqing is a professor at the University of Science and Technology of China. He was part of China's15th research trip to Antarctica. He said, "Life in Antarctica is not easy. It is tiring and sometimes dangerous, but it is still quite fun. "He also said," I studied how penguins walk, what they eat, and why they move from one place to another. I was excited to see the cute animals playing around. I hope my studies can help protect them." 38．What can we know from the first three paragraphs?A．Antarctica is at the northern end of the Earth.B．There is plenty of air pollution in Antarctica.C．Xuelong 2 is the first icebreaker made in China.D．Chinese scientists have been to Antarctica 45 times.39．What does the underlined word "it" mean in the fifth paragraph?A．Life in Antarctica.B．Rocks in Antarctica.C．Fun in Antarctica.D．Danger in Antarctica.40．What can we infer（推断）from the passage?A．The weather in Antarctica hasn't changed over time.B．Xie Zhouqing mainly studied geology in Antarctica.C．Chinese researchers have done many studies in Antarctica.D．The study in Antarctica can't help protect penguins and seals.41．Where does the passage probably e from?A．A storybook.B．A cooking guide.C．A film review. D．A science magazine.。

专项突破试卷（阅读理解任务型阅读）一.阅读理解A)根据短文内容判断正(T)误(F) 。

Music is an international language. Popular music in America is what every student likes. Students carry small radios with earphones and listen to music before class, after class, and at lunch. Students with cars buy large speakers and play the music loudly as they drive on the streets. Adult drivers listen to music on the car radio as they drive to work. They also listen to the news about sports, the weather, politics, and activities of the American people. Most of the radio broadcast is music.Pop or popular music singers make much money. They make a CD or tape which radio stations use in every state. Once the popular singer is heard all over the country, young people buy his or her tapes. Some of the money from these tapes comes to the singer. Wherever the singer goes, all the young people want to meet him or her. Now the singer has become a national star.There are other kinds of music that are important to Americans. One is called folk music. It has stories about the common life of Americans. Another is called western or country music. This was started by cowboys who would sing at night to the cows they were watching. Today, any music about country life and the love between a country boy and his girl is called western or country music. Serious music for the concert halls is called classical music. Music for instruments is called orchestra music, such as the symphonies (交响乐) of Beethoven.( )1. Almost every American student likes folk music.( )2. Adult drivers listen to music and news while they are driving.( )3. The singers are followed by young people sometimes, so they become national stars.( )4. Western music was started by cowboys.( )5. The best title for this passage is Kindest of Music in America.B）根据短文内容选择最佳答案。

第3部分第八节一、完形填空(2018滨州改编)It was a Sunday morning, and I was in a terrible mood (情绪)。

Two friends of mine had gone to the movies the night before and __1__ had invited me。

I was in my room __2__ how to make them sorry when my father came in。

“Want to go for a ride today, Becky? It's a beautiful day。

”“No! Leave me alone！” Those were the __3__ words I said to him that morning。

A few hours later, my friends called me to go to the mall with them。

I forgot to be __4__ with them and went with them。

When I came home, I found a(n) __5__ from my mother that said, “Dad has had an accident。

Please meet us at the Park Hospital。

”When I__6__ the hospital, my mother told me a car hit my father and he was seriously wounded。

“Your father told the driver to leave him alo ne and just call 911。

”My mother may have said more, __7__ I didn't hear anything except those terrible words: Leave me alone。

中考英语阅读理解专项突破——细节理解题Passage 1Hello everyone! My name is George Smith and I’ve been a journalist (新闻记者) for 30 years. Yes, that’s a long time, isn’t it? I’m going to talk to you today about choosing journalism as a career.I always wanted to be a journalist. I started a newspaper at school and worked on a student newspaper at university. I got a job as a journalist as soon as I finished university and I love my job till today.Journalism is not for everyone. How can one be a good journalist?You need to write well. You need to write in a way that is interesting to your audience. As a journalist, you will have to write for different audiences, so you need to be able lo change your style as well.Journalists work very hard. It doesn’t matter if you are ab road, writing about a war or at home writing about local news. Journalists work long days and it can be very hard to find time to have a holiday.You also need to be strong. What do I mean by that? Well, not everyone will like what you write. Sometimes peo ple will say bad words about your work. You can’t be angry with these people. You have to try to take no notice of them and keep working.You have to be good at talking to people too. Journalists find out most of their information by talking to people. Not everyone wants to talk to a journalist so you need to get people to trust you.Being a journalist is a hard but great job. Now, are there any questions?1．We can infer (推断)that George Smith always wanted to be a journalist ________.A．when he was a young child B．after he finished universityC．until he had a good holiday D．before he wrote about a war2．To become a good journalist, you should ________.A．write funny things B．talk about local newsC．be mad with people D．make people listen to you3．George Smith thinks his job is ________.A．easy but boring B．worrying but niceC．interesting but bad D．difficult but great4．What is the best title of the text?A．A lovely person B．A strong man C．A long career D．A writing skillPassage 2Do you know that the falcon (猎鹰) is among the fastest animals in the world? It can fly at a speed of about 200 miles per hour. You might think a bird that could fly so fast would be safe from most types of danger. Unfortunately, that is not true. By the 1970s, they had already been endangered. What was causing the number of falcons to drop so quickly?In America, a pesticide, a chemical, called DDT was harming the falcon eggs. Luckily, DDT is no longer used. The number of falcons is rising now.One unusual thing about falcons is that they like to make their nests (巢) in high places. In nature, they often nest on mountaintops and on the sides of cliffs (悬崖). Falcons have also got used to life in cities. They nest on tall buildings and bridges in cities. The height of these nests is from 50 to 200 feet in the air.They also like to return to the same nesting place every year. Both the mother and father falcons help to raise the babies. The mother stays more time in the nest. The father hunts and brings back food for her and the babies.Many people all around the country work very hard to help falcons live to adulthood. There are even video cameras fixed up in many places. This way, people can make sure the birds and their eggs stay protected. Falcons are lucky to have so many people who keep an eye on them.5．What does the underlined word “pesticide” mean in Chinese?A．流感B．杀虫剂C．枪支D．捕猎网6．According to the text, we know that ________.A．falcons fly so fast that nothing can hurt themB．falcons suddenly died out in the year 1970C．people ca n’t find falcons’ nests in citiesD．baby falcons are brought up by their patents7．What’s the author’s attitude towards the future of falcons?A．Nervous. B．Hopeful. C．Curious. D．Unsure.8．In which section (版)of a newspaper can we probably read the text?A．SPORTS B．LIFE C．SCIENCE D．BUSINESSPassage 3Nezumi was a mouse. He was thinking about finding a husband for her daughter Suki. But Suki said, “Father, I wish to marry Taro.”Taro was smart and strong, but Taro’s parents were not rich or powerful. “My Suki can’t marry a common mouse!” Nezumi said. “I’ll find someone powerful for my daughter.” Nesumi traveled far and wide, but nobody met his high standards.One day, he climbed to the top of a mountain. “Hi, Sun!” Nezumi called. “Nobody is more powerful th an you. I’d like you to marry my daughter.” Sun smiled and said, “Yes, I’m powerful. Without me, nothing grows. But when Cloud covers my face, the world grows cold.” As Cloud came, Sun disappeared.Nezumi bowed to Cloud and told him his wish. “Surely I’m powerful,” he said. “But here comes someone stronger.” And Wind blew Cloud away.Then Nezumi shouted his wish to Wind. “Of course I’m powerful. But I can’t pass through Wall,” said Wind.When Nezumi told Wall his wish, Wall said quietly, “Yes, I’m powerful. I keep enemies away. But I’m afraid of mice like you, who dig under me and make me fall down.”Nezumi let out a big laugh. He ran back home and said to Suki, “My dear! You are right. Tarowill be a powerful husband.”9．Nezumi wanted to find ________ for her daughter.A．a ring B．a house C．a husband D．a friend 10．Nezumi thought that Taro’s parents were not ________ .A．rich B．smart C．polite. D．honest 11．Where did Nezumi call to Sun?A．In his yard. B．On a mountain. C．In his hole. D．On the beach. 12．Wall aid that he was afraid of ________ .A．Sun B．Cloud C．Wind D．mice 13．From the last paragraph, we can infer（推断）that ________ in the end.A．Suki and Taro got married B．Nezumi laughed at SukiC．Suki ran away from home D．Nezumi fought with TaroPassage 414．Where is the apartment?A．On Haddern Road. B．In a village. C．Near a school. D．Behind a hotel. 15．The apartment has______________.A．two bedrooms B．a small garden C．one large garage D．a big kitchen 16．You should pay ________ if you want to rent the apartment for half a year. A．＄1,800 B．＄2,400 C．＄3,600 D．＄7,200 17．You can call ________ at 019405486574 if you want to rent the apartment. A．Carleen Green B．West Farm C．Baddesley D．Little Haddern 18．Which of the following is true?A．People with pets cannot rent the apartment.B．The apartment is not very far from the city center.C．Only adults who have children can rent the apartment.D．You can’t see the fields or the woods from the apartment.Passage 5Online study can be hard. Zech Hipp was doing it with great difficulty. Zech is 15 years old. He lives in Seattle, Washington, with his four brothers and his mother.“It’s hard to stay focused,” he said. “I can’t stay focused on one thing at a time.” Ze ch has gotten some helpful advice from his “Big Brother” Owen Kim. Kim is 33 years old. He is Zech’s mentor through a program. The program is called Big Brothers Big Sisters of Puget Sound.A mentor is someone who gives help and advice. Kim and Zech often text, talk over the phone and even video call. Kim gave Zech some advice about how to stay focused while doing school at home. Kim suggests picking one space and always doing your work there. “Make that space as comfortable as possible,” he said.In his room, Zech set up a cubby（小房间）.He has a place where he can make tea. This was Kim’s idea. Here, Zech said he is more separated from everybody else in the house. That’s where he does schoolwork.Kim and Zech have been Big Brother and Little Brother for four years. They used to meet once a week. They would walk through the city or play video games. In spring 2020, COVID-19 started spreading. Kim and Zech had to stop meeting up in person. The illness spreads easily between people. Now, they only communicate over the phone or video call.Kim is older than Zech. He has had different life experiences. When they talk, Kim can give Zech a different point of view about life. Zech said this is helpful. Kim said its been a great thing for him, too. He said Zech has been a wonderful addition to his life.“Owen’s always there,” Zech’s mother said. All of her boys have had Big Brothers or Big Sisters. “It has done such wonders for our family,” she said. “Just having them in our lives has been such a blessing.”19．What do we know about Zech from Paragraph 1?A．He lives in a big city in India. B．He had trouble learning online.C．His mother is too hard on him. D．There’re five people in his family. 20．What is talked about in Paragraph 2?A．Why Kim and Zech studied together. B．When Big Brothers Big Sisters started. C．What good advice Zech gave to Kim. D．How Kim became Zech’s “Big Brother”21．Why did Zech set up a cubby in his house?A．To get a new job and do his work there. B．To have a space to study with his brothers. C．To make a special space for schoolwork. D．To make a space for him and Kim to met. 22．Because of the spread of COVID-19,Kim and Zech had to ________A．part with their family B．stay at home watching videosC．meet up at Zech’s home D．talk on the phone or video call 23．What’s the writer’s purpose of writing the text?A．To introduce a helpful program. B．To help a boy named Zech Hipp.C．To show us how to study online. D．To stop the spread of COVID-19.Passage 6Scientists have long predicted that warmer temperatures caused by climate（气候）change will have the biggest influence on the world’s poorest people. New research now suggests that has already happened over the past years.A study coming out in the Proceedings of the National Academy of Science found that in most poor countries, higher temperatures are more than 90% likely to have resulted in a fall in economic output（经济产量）, compared to a world without global（全球的）warming. The influence has been less big in richer countries—with some even benefiting（获益）from higher temperatures.“We’re not saying that global warming created inequality（不公平）,” says Noah S. Diffenbaugh, the writer of the study and a professor at Stanford University who studies climate change. But “global warming has slowed down the improvement”. The poore st countries are facing the worst influence of rising temperatures—for which they are least responsible, he adds.The new study builds on past research. A 2015 study in the journal Nature predicted that the average income（平均收入））in the poorest countries will be 25% lower by 2100 compared to aworld without warming, while some of the richest countries—like the USA—could experience an increase in income. And a report from IPCC, the UN’s climate science body, showed that if global temperatures rise more than 1.5℃ by the end of the century, poor countries will likely face very serious challenges, including the disappearance of whole communities and millions of early deaths. “They will suffer the most, as they are already,” said Mary Robinson, who used to be a UN Special Envoy on Climate Change and a president of Ireland.The influence is greater elsewhere, especially in Sub-Saharan, African countries including Sudan, Burkina Faso and Niger, where climate change has driven the average income more than 20% lower. “There are a number of ways by which temperature influences economic activities,” says Diffenbaugh What’s clear is that, for poor countries, the news is all bad.24．According to the text, warmer temperatures ________.A．are mainly caused by poor countries B．may bring advantages to rich countries C．had no influence on the world before D．can improve the poorest people’s health 25．What does “suffer” underlined in Paragraph 4 most probably mean in Chinese?A．供应B．犹豫C．遭受D．谋利26．Which of the following will face great economic problems caused by climate change? A．The UN. B．The USA．C．Ireland. D．Burkina Faso. 27．What is the main idea of the text?A．Climate change will make poor countries poorer.B．We must take action to deal with climate change.C．Climate change can cause millions of early deaths.D．People make good predictions about climate change.28．From which is the text most probably taken?A．A geography textbook. B．A health magazine.C．A research paper. D．A storybook.Passage 7Christmas was coming. There was a man in rags (衣衫褴褛) walking in a hurry on the road. You might think he was a beggar (乞讨者), but actually he was an artist. His name was Vincent Willem Van Gogh. With a painting he had just finished, the poor Vincent entered a painting store.“Can you buy this painting to help me pay the rent (房租)?” Vincent asked in a low voice. “I don’t really like your painting, but it is said that you are hard-working and I want to help you, Here is five francs (法郎),” the storekeeper answered.Although it was only five francs, Vincent was very happy. He took the money and said thanks, thinking that he could buy some food and pay the rent.Near his home, Vincent saw a little girl in old clothes standing in the snow.The girl smiled sadly at the artist asking for some help. Clearly, the girl was hungry and cold.“Poor child! I should help her,” he thought.Vincent put the five francs into the girl’s hands, completely forgetting that he still needed money to pay the rent. Before the girl said thanks to him, Vincent had hurried away with his empty stomach.29．The story happened in ________.A．spring B．summer C．autumn D．winter 30．Vincent Willem Van Gogh was a(n) ________.A．beggar B．artist C．farmer D．storekeeper 31．The storekeeper gave Vincent five francs because ________.A．he thought Vincent was a beggar B．he liked Vincent’s painting very much C．he wanted to help the hardworking man D．he wanted to make friends with Vincent 32．What did Vincent do to help the poor girl?A．He painted a picture for her. B．He paid the rent for the girl.C．He bought her some food and clothes. D．He gave the girl five francs.33．From the story, we know that Vincent was ________.A．kind B．rich C．famous D．creativePassage 8Summer reading programmes encourage students to read in the summer holiday. Below you’ll find a list of summer reading programmes this year that will offer you free things like books. Gift cards and more.Xianfeng Summer Reading Programme This year the programme gives out a free book to each child who reads and records 5 books during the summer. This programme is for students in Grade 1 — 6. This free programme runs from July 1 to August 31.Xinhua Summer Reading Programme Students can get a free baseball cap this summer from this reading programme. The students must read 4 of the recommended books and fill a form to show which ones they read. The programme goes on all year round.Sanlian Summer Reading Challenge Sanlian bookstores will give young readers a Star Reader certificate （证书）and a discount card（打折卡）if they read any 8 books over the summer. This programme is for students in Grade 7 — 9. This programme runs from May 1 to September 1.Dangdang Summer Reading Challenge Dangdang has a reading challenge where students read online and then record th e minutes they’ve read. They can also take weekly challenges to get rewards. This programme runs from July 1 to October 1.34．This passage is about four summer reading programmes for ________ .A．teachers B．parents C．students D．online readers35．Students can get ________ from Xianfeng Summer Reading Programme if they finish the task.A．a free book B．a free baseball cap C．a certificate D．a discount card 36．Among the four programmes, ________ lasts the longest.A．Xianfeng Summer Reading Programme B．Xinhua Summer Reading Programme C．Sanlian Summer Reading Challenge D．Dangdang Summer Reading Challenge 37．Readers can get Dangdang rewards by ________.A．reading 8 books B．taking weekly challengesC．filling a form to show the books they read D．recording the number of the books they read 38．The purpose of the four programmes is ________.A．to help bookstores sell books B．to give students some free thingsC．to show students the importance of reading D．to encourage students to read more booksPassage 9Lisa stood next to her tall silent grandfather and watched her parents drive off, leaving her behind. She looked up at her grandfather. He looked down at her. His skin was a little darker than hers. His hair was black and white, as if it couldn’t decide which color it should be.“You don’t talk much, Grandpa,” Lisa said.“You don’t visit much, Lisa,” her grandfather replied.They stood looking at each other. “Come with me, Lisa,” said Grandpa. He started walking without looking back.Lisa followed him to a large storehouse.Lisa remembered her last visit to Grandpa’s. She had played hide-and-seek with her brother Jack in the storehouse. But now Jack needed an operation. Lisa had to stay here alone for a few days.“You coming?” Grandpa’s voice sounded muffled. His words were coming from inside the storehouse.Lisa went inside. The storehouse was full of all kinds of things. She could see him in the far corner. Lisa walked over and stood next to him. He pointed to a small wooden box with “Lisa” painted on it in bright green letters.“Yours,” he said.Lisa bent down and opened it. In it were some old things—a bright blue feather, a tinyV-shape leaf and some dolls. She looked up at Grandpa, with tears in her eyes.“The box stays here, but it belonged to you. No one else.” Th en he closed his eyes and smiled. His smile reminded Lisa of her father. Grandpa no longer seemed strange and silent.“I may be so overcapitalized （过剩）,” Lisa answered, carefully pronouncing the familiar word.Grandpa laughed out loud. “How did that eight-year-old brain of yours find its way around a big word like ‘overcapitalized’?”“It’s my dad’s favourite word,” Lisa replied.Grandpa looked down at Lisa and smiled. His smile again reminded Lisa of her father. Without thinking, she reached up and took Gra ndpa’s hand. Lisa’s hand felt small and safe inside her grandfather’s.“I might need more than one visit to my box,” Lisa said seriously.“I expect,” Grandpa said.39．Why did Lisa stay with Grandpa alone for a few days?A．She was on her summer vacation. B．She missed her grandfather very much. C．Her grandfather needed an operation soon. D．Her parents had to look after her sick brother. 40．What does the underlined word “muffled” probably mean?A．Strange. B．Loud. C．Unclear. D．Beautiful. 41．The passage tells about Grandpa EXCEPT that ________.A．he liked doing DIY B．he was a man of few wordsC．he had black and white hair D．he kept a wooden box for Lisa42．What did Lisa promise to do at the end of the story?A．Take care of her brother. B．Write to her parents.C．Use big words sometimes. D．Visit Grandpa often.Passage 10Centre PlaceThis shopping centre has a number of shops selling outdoor goods. Don’t miss the shoe stores, where you can get expert advice. You can also find camping goods, such as lightweight chairs and tables, and fishing tools. Open until 10 pm on Friday and Saturday.Smith’sYou can get all you want for sports fans at this 20,000 m2 of shopping centre. You simply choose what you want and pay at the automatic checkout(自动结账处). Weekly specials help you save more. Open till 10 pm every day.Holly CornerThis area of small expensive gifts is a must for customers who love jewelry and handicrafts(珠宝和手工艺品). It will offer you a personal suggestion to help you decide on just the right gift. Free tea and cake are prepared. Open until 8 pm every day.Newton CrossA five-floor shopping centre, famous for their jewelry and clothes. Goods can be returned with no questions asked, although it can be more expensive than other shops in the area. Open 10 am-10 pm every day. Parking starts at $5 a day.43．If you need some camping goods, you can go to ________.A．Centre Place B．Smith's C．Holly Corner D．Newton Cross 44．What do we know about Smith’s?A．Its size. B．Its parking price. C．Its sale dates. D．Its opening time. 45．At Holly Corner, customers can ________.A．make handicrafts B．get free small giftsC．return goods free D．enjoy free tea and cake46．How long is Newton Cross open every day?A．8 hours. B．10 hours. C．12 hours. D．14 hours.47．Both Holly Corner and Newton Cross ________.A．prepare free parking B．sell jewelryC．have automatic checkouts D．close late at the weekend【答案】1．A 2．D 3．D 4．C5．B 6．D 7．B 8．C9．C 10．A 11．B 12．D 13．A 14．B 15．D 16．C 17．A 18．B 19．B 20．D 21．C 22．D 23．A 24．B 25．C 26．D 27．A 28．C 29．D 30．B 31．C 32．D 33．A 34．C 35．A 36．B 37．B 38．D 39．D 40．C 41．A 42．D43．A 44．A 45．D 46．C 47．B。

语法专项突破专题八动词的分类动词是表示动作或状态的词。

动词在句子中充当谓语，用来说明主语是什么或做什么。

考点一行为动词行为动词又叫实义动词，按照其后是否能跟宾语分为及物动词和不及物动词。

1．及物动词及物动词就是后面必须跟宾语意义才完整的动词。

如love，need，want，ask，have，help，teach，make等。

I love my mother.我爱我的母亲。

2．不及物动词（1）不及物动词本身意义完整，其后不必跟宾语。

如come，go，run，travel，listen，swim，live，work等。

His dog died last night.昨晚他的狗死了。

（2）如果需要带宾语，则不及物动词需要跟适当的介词连用。

Look at the blackboard.看黑板。

考点二系动词I'm a girl with short hair.The shop s tays open till 8 pm.助动词本身没有词义，不能单独作谓语，只能和别的动词一起构成谓语，表示时态、语态、语气等特征，帮助构成否定、疑问、强调、省略等。

主要的助动词有be，do，have，e to你可以给我们一些建议吗？We must te ll the truth to ou r 测用Lisa must be 测过去的状况）他们一定看过这部电意愿 你的父母将会尽力帮助你。

1．（ 湖南湘潭中考，27）—Must we finish our homework now?—No ，you ______.A ．needn'tB ．mustn'tC ．can't2．（湖南岳阳中考，24）—Who is that?—It ______ be Shirly.Only she is in red today.A ．couldB ．mayC ．must3．（湖南常德中考，25）In competition ，as in life ，you ______ not always win.A．may B．shall C．must4．（湖南邵阳中考，24）—How much is your iPhone 4?—I ______ 4,500 yuan on it.A．cost B．spent C．paid5．（湖南邵阳中考，27）—Lily，can you drive this new kind of car?—No，I ______.A．can't B．shouldn't C．mustn't6．（湖南永州中考，28）—What are you doing?—I'm ______ my English book.A．looking B．looking for C．looking after7．（湖南郴州中考，26）—Jack didn't pass the exam and he is upset these days. —Yeah.Let's ______.A．dress him up B．cheer him up C．pick him up8．（湖南常德中考，22）—Have you ever been to Zhangjiajie?—Yes，I ______.A．do B．have C．was9．（湖南衡阳中考，34）—David，is that man your headmaster?—It ______ be him.He's having a meeting.A．mustn't B．can't C．won't10．（湖南郴州中考，25）—It is said that this kind of tofu smells terrible. —That's true.But it ______ delicious.A．feels B．sounds C．tastes11．（贵州遵义中考，36）After lunch she ______ the dishes and went out quickly. A．took off B．took away C．took after12．（福建宁德中考，30）—Where does Mary usually______ books?—From the library.A．buy B．read C．borrow13．（福建泉州中考，35）—Is that girl in red Sally?—No，it______ her.She has gone to H ong Kong.A．may be B．must be C．can't be14．（广西柳州中考，42）______ you r coat，please.It's cold today.A．Put on B．Look at C．Get in15．You shouldn't ______ your hope.Everything will be better.A．give up B．fix up C．cheer up16．（贵州遵义中考，30）—I can't stop playing computer games.—For your eyes，my boy，I'm afraid you ______.A．can B．may C．have to17．—What do you think of the cake?—I like it very much.It tastes ______.A．good B．terrible C．well18．—What is Mum cooking in the kitchen?—Fish，I guess.How nice it ______.A．looks B．sounds C．smells19．Could you show me how to ______ the new recorder?A．operate B．listen C．look20．Sally，______ your sunglasses.The sun is so bright.A．put up B．put on C．put away参考答案专题八动词的分类专题提升演练1．A must引导的一般疑问句作否定回答用nee dn't，故选A项。

中考英语专项突破阅读理解精练（24）第二节：五个年轻人正各自打算选择不同的交通方式出行。

请仔细阅读第56-60题中的个人情况说明和A到F六种交通方式的介绍，选出符合各自要求的最佳选项，其中一项为多余选项。

（改编）56. The City Library is in the downtown. Li Fei is planning to write a report about the flood(洪水). He'd like to go to the City Library to look for some information. There is a small bus station near his home.57. Wang Tao lives in Beijing. He will have three days off next week. He is interested in traveling. So he is going sightseeing in Shanghai. He'd like to get there as soon as possible. He is sure he will have fun in Shanghai.58 .Jin Ling likes taking photos, especially photos of rivers and mountains. She is excited that her parents will take her to the Three Gorges(三峡). She hopes she can take many photos when they are traveling on water.59. This month Chen Xu will visit her grandparents in her hometown. It is about 1,000 kilometers away. Chen Xu hopes to get there in ten hours. And she will be able to enjoy the sights along the railway.60. Zhang Kai is a volunteer in a green group. Tomorrow he is going to listen to a talk in the central park. The park is nearly four kilometers away from his home, and he has decided to choose a way that is good for the environment.用心爱心专心 1。

专题二：人与自我备战2022年中考英语阅读理解专项突破考向9 人与自我之健康Passage 1 （2021·江苏镇江·中考真题）As we all know, if a person isn’t in good health, he or she can’t study or work well, or live fortably. Staying healthy is one of the most important goals in everyone’s life.During the past one and a half years, the COVID19 pandemic has led many people to pay more attention to their health. Exercising is an excellent way to keep healthy. So what are the most popular activities? What are different people’s favourites? And what are some factors(因素) holding people back from physical fitness? Here’s the result of a recent survey on people’s exercise.Top 6 popular activities Different favouritesWhat’s stopping peoplefrom exerciseRunning57.3%Walking51.5%Cycling36.6%Playing ball games 25.8% Swimming25.0%Hiking Born after 2000Ball gamesBorn in1990sYogaNo professional training42.9%No time 33.2%Not exercise facilities 23.9% Born in 1980sSwimmingBorn in1970sWalking1．What kind of activity may a 15yearold student probably like best?A．Ball games. B．Swimming. C．Walking. D．Yoga.2．If 2,000 people took part in the survey, how many people would think “No time” is the main factor in stopping them from exercise?A．429. B．664. C．478. D．332.3．Which of the following is TRUE according to the passage?A．Young people born in 1980s like Yoga most.B．Playing ball games is less popular than swimming.C．Most people think they don’t exercise because of no facilities.D．The survey is based on three questions about people’s exercise.【答案】1．A 2．B 3．D【分析】本文是一个有关人们锻炼的调查结果，结果显示了前6种受欢迎的活动是什么，不同人群都喜欢什么运动，以及有哪些因素阻碍了人们的身体健康。