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(原创)Henry Fielding 和 The History of the Life of the Late Mr Jonathan Wild the Great

(原创)Henry Fielding 和 The History of the Life of the Late Mr Jonathan Wild the Great

Joseph Andrews
Henry Fielding
Joseph Andrews


Author Henry Fielding Original title The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews and His Friend, Mr. Abraham Adams Country Britain Language English Publication date1742 Preceded by Shamela, or An Apology for the Life of Mrs. Shamela Andrews (1741) Followed by The Life and Death of Johnathan Wild, the Great (1743)


„Kissing, Joseph, is but a Prologue to a Play. Can I believe a young Fellow of your Age and Complexion will be content with Kissing?‟ Joseph Andrews, Henry Fielding‟s first full-length novel, depicts the many colourful and often hilarious adventures of a comically chaste servant. After being sacked for spurning the lascivious Lady Booby, Joseph takes to the road, accompanied by his beloved Fanny Goodwill, a much-put-upon foundling girl, and Parson Adams, a man often duped and humiliated, but still a model of Christian charity. In the boisterous short tale Shamela, a brilliant parody of Richardson‟s Pamela, the spirited and sexually honest heroine uses coyness and mock modesty to catch herself a rich husband. Together these works anticipate Fielding‟s great comic epic Tom Jones, with their amiable good humour and pointed social satire. Judith Hawley‟s introduction compares the works of Fielding and Richardson, and discusses sex and class relations, and the literary and political world of the time. This volume also includes a chronology and suggestions for further reading.

菲尔丁的小说观念与创作。

菲尔丁的小说观念与创作。

菲尔丁的小说观念与创作。

亨利·菲尔丁（Henry Fielding）是18世纪英国文学史上著名的小说家和剧作家。

他对小说观念和创作有着独特的见解和贡献。

菲尔丁的小说观念：1.真实与生活关系：菲尔丁主张小说应该关注现实生活，以真实的人物和情节为基础。

他反对过于理想化或虚构的情节和角色，倾向于通过对现实世界的描写来反映社会和人类的行为。

2.道德教育：菲尔丁相信小说应该具有道德教育性质，可以通过揭示人性和道德问题来启迪读者。

他的作品经常以讽刺和幽默的方式，批评社会上的各种弊端和道德败坏。

3.反映社会：菲尔丁通过小说来反映当时英国社会的问题和现象。

他对社会贵族阶级、政府腐败和法律不公等现象进行批评，展示了社会的不公和不平等。

菲尔丁的创作：1.小说结构：菲尔丁的小说常常具有复杂的情节结构，充满戏剧性和悬疑。

他熟练地运用伏笔、反转和疑问来吸引读者的兴趣和注意力。

2.角色塑造：菲尔丁的小说以鲜明、多维度的角色塑造而著称。

他通过描绘人物的外貌、性格和行为，生动地表现了各种社会类型和心理状态。

3.幽默与讽刺：菲尔丁的作品充满幽默和讽刺的色彩。

他以机智的对话和夸张的情节描述，表达对社会弊端和荒谬行为的讽刺。

菲尔丁的小说观念和创作风格使他成为18世纪英国文学的重要代表之一。

他的作品，如《汤姆·琼斯的历险》（The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling）和《约瑟夫·安德鲁斯的历险》（The History of the Adventures of Joseph Andrews），以其真实、生动和幽默引起了广大读者的关注。

他的创作对英国小说的发展产生了重要影响，并为后来的作家奠定了基础。

Henry_Fielding亨利。菲尔丁简介

Henry_Fielding亨利。菲尔丁简介

• born in an old aristocratic （贵 族）family and studied for six years at the famous Eton(伊 顿) school and took a degree at the University of Leyden（雷顿） in Holland.
Fielding’s Novels
• (1)“The love of several masks’’ 《几种假面具下的爱 情》 (1728) • (2) Joseph Andrews 《约瑟夫˙安德鲁斯的经历》 (1742) • (3) Jonathan Wild the Great 《大伟人乔纳森˙魏尔德 》(1743) • (4) Tom Jones 《汤姆˙琼斯》(1749) • (5)Amelia 《阿米丽亚》(1751) • (6)Lisbon navigation Diary《里斯本航海日记》 （1754）
• This was followed by another novel, The Life of Mr. Jonathan Wild the Great. • In 1749, appeared his masterpiece, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling, • two years later: his last novel, Amelia. In his novels, Fielding continued to expose and fight against social evils of his time. • His later years were devoted to the duties as a magistrate. He worked very hard. His health failed. • In 1754 he died in Lisbon, Portugal.

英国文学 Henry Fielding

英国文学 Henry Fielding

third-person narration with an omniscient point of view, enabling the author to make comments on the characters and events of the novel
Text B
This is an unusual chapter of a novel. In fact, Fielding includes, at the beginning of every book of this novel, one chapter like this where he does not continue to tell the events of the story, but instead, expresses his views of writing. How do you evaluate this way of narration? In this chapter Fielding discusses the writing of a novel. What should an author know about and write about, according to Fielding? Can we say this chapter justifies Fielding’s title of “father of the realistic novel”?
“To say the truth, I require no more than that a man should have some little knowledge of the subject on which he treats, [. . .]” “I am apt to conceive, that one reason why many English writers have totally failed in describing the manners of upper life, may possibly be, that in reality they know nothing of it. ” “In short, imitation here will not do the business. The picture must be after Nature herself. ”

亨利菲尔丁

亨利菲尔丁
从小说理论到实践，菲尔丁为英国小说的发展作出了杰出贡献。
作品列表
《一七三六年历史纪事》（1737） 《大伟人乔纳森·菲尔德传》（1743） 《汤姆·琼斯》（1749） 《艾米莉亚》（1751） 《里斯本航海日记》（1754）
出版图书
参考资料 1 亨利·菲尔丁 Henry Fielding的全部作品 ．豆瓣电影[引用日期2022-03-31] 2 Birth chart of Henry Fielding - Astrology horoscope ．astro-seek[引用日期2023-02-09]
小说第二部分是汤姆和苏索亚在路上的活动。本想出海的汤姆迷路去了伦敦，他与苏索亚多次近在咫尺，但 始终没有遇上。他在客店遇见一伙军人，因与人争吵受伤，遇见以前的塾师巴特里奇，二人同行。路上他们遇见 隐士、乞丐、艺人、律师、吉卜赛人、劫盗、税官等人。这部分占了小说三分之一的篇幅，是小说中最有趣也是 最有意义的部分，描写了社会各阶层人物，表露了对不幸者的同情。
小说理论
菲 尔 丁 对 小 说 理 论 也 有 很 大 的 贡 献 ， 他 首 先 确 定 了 小 说 在 文 学 形 式 中 的 地 位 。 在 《 约 瑟 夫 ·安 德 鲁 传 》 序 言 里，他把自己的小说称为“散文滑稽史诗”，在《汤姆·琼斯》各章绪论中，他阐述了自己的小说理论。他认为小 说最接近史诗，除了没有韵律，有史诗的一切特征：“故事、情节、人物、感想和文体。”他的小说具有滑稽可 笑的特点，但也不同于喜剧，“它的情节所涉及的更宽，包罗的更大，内容包含着的事件范围更广，它所介绍的 人物更是多种多样。”在人物塑造上，他强调“典型”。在情节方面，他强调必然性与偶然性的结合。他特别注 意小说的结构，认为要详略得当。故事引人入胜，要具有内部的统一性。他在小说中确立起全知全能的叙述形式， 令叙述语言与人物语言区别开来，使英国小说不再是简单的叙述而成为一种有意趣的文体。

Henry Fielding

Henry Fielding

Journal & Newspaper
The True Patriot (1745) 真正的爱国者》 《真正的爱国者》（Journal） ） The Jacobite's Journal (1747) 《詹姆斯二世党人报》（Newspaper） 詹姆斯二世党人报》 ） The Covent Garden Journal（1752） （ ） 修道院花园杂志》 《修道院花园杂志》（Journal） ）
Features
Fielding’s method of relating a story is telling the story directly by the author. Satire abounds everywhere in his novels. Fielding believed in the educational function of novels. The object of his novels is to present a faithful picture of life, while sound teaching is woven into their very texture.
Theme
The novel shows the conflict between goodheartedness and wickedness as well as deceitfulness. The author condemns the hypocrites of the “civilized” world and praises the simple and good-hearted people. His opinion on the standard of morality goes against those of his time.

Henry Fielding


Tom Jones
(1)
(2)
(3)
Main character created by Henry Fielding in his novel Tom Jones Honest ,kind-hearted, high-spirited, loyal , and brave, but impulsive, wanting prudence审慎and full of animal spirits. Stands for a wayfaring徒步旅行Everyman, who is expelled from the paradise and has to go through hard experience to gain a knowledge of himself and finally to approach perfectness.
The Characteristics of the Language in his Novels
The language is easy, unlabored and familiar, but extremely vivid and vigorous. His sentences are always distinguished by logic and rhythm, and his structure carefully planned towards an inevitable ending. His works are also noted for lively, dramatic dialogues and other theatrical devices such as suspense 悬念, coincidence一致, 相合and unexpectedness料想不到.

Henry Fielding简介


• In 1743 his wife died, he remarried his wife’s maid. • He had 4 more children,but three daughters died very young.
• In 1754,Doctor convince him to see a doctor to Portugal. • He wrote the book ‘Journal of a voyage to lisbon’,which has been described as the horrors of traveling.
Novelist, Dramatist satire, picaresque
Occupation
Genre
Henry Fielding
The founder of the English realist novel
Early life
• The son of a army lieutenant (Edmund Fielding ) and a judge’s daughter (Sarah Gould Fielding
)
• His mother died just before his 11th birthday • A suit for custody was brought by his grandmother
Sarah Fielding
• His younger sister, Sarah, also became a successful writer.
The History of Tom Jones
General idea
• Often known as Tom Jones, a comic novel. • First published on 28 February 1749 in London. • This book gives a comprehensive and all-embracing picture of the life of 18th century in England. • Fielding's greatest book • A very influential English novel.

Henry_Fielding菲尔丁


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Joseph Andrews

A story inspired by the success of Richardson’s novel, Pamela, or Virtue Rewarded;
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What is Fielding’s best work?

The History of Tom Jones: a Foundling
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The story of Tom Jones
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The story of Fielding’s Joseph Andrews

After he is packed out of his mistress’s house, Joseph sets out on foot for the village, where his sweetheart, Fanny, lives. He is knocked down and stripped by robbers, and is carried to an inn, where he is found by Parson Adams. The pair travel together and meet with many ridiculous adventures. But finally the story brings Joseph, Fanny, Adams and Lady Booby all together. Lady Booby still threatens poor Joseph with her disgusting advances. The story ends in Joseph’s marriage with Fanny and the young couple’s happiness.

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Novel of Incidents
• Novel of Incidents mainly reveals the actions of the characters or events, not the characters. The plots are loose but flowing. The novel focuses on the funny and adventurous events. 揭示人物或事件 的动作。情节松散但流畅。注重有趣的和 冒险的事件。如，Robinson Crusoe《鲁宾 逊· 克鲁索漂流记》
(2) Richardson and Pamela: 理查森和帕梅拉 an epistle[i„pisl] novel书信体
(3) The most outstanding character:
• The most outstanding character is Parson 牧师 Adams亚当斯. He is poor, honest old parson. He is high-minded, simplehearted and ardently热心的 devoted to ideals. He is ready to help the weak and the oppressed. He is a man extraordinary 非凡的knowledge, but he is very forgetful 疏忽，健忘.
III. Some Features of Fielding’s Novels
• (1) Lighter打火机 kind of satire: Humorous satire, which is meant to be instructive and corrective教育性的，矫正的. (2) Grim冷酷的 satire: which is used to lash 冲击讽刺 the cardinal 主要的evils of the corrupt 腐败的ruling classes.
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Henry Fielding
I. An overview of Henry Fielding
Henry Fielding(1707-1754) was an English novelist and dramatist known for his rich earthy humor and satirical prowess, and as the author of the novel Tom Jones.He was called Father of the English Novel by Scott.
II.Life experience
●He was born on the 22nd of April 1707 in England. He had spent several years at
the famous Eton College.
●He took a degree in letters at the University of Leyden in 1728.
●Fielding married in 1734. Then he became a law student and completed the
normal 7-year course of study in three years.
●He was admitted to the Bar at the Middle Temple in 1740. He was part-time
editors of The Champion, The True Patriot & the Liberty of Our Own Times, the Jacobite‟s Journal and the Convent-Garden Journal.
●In 1748 he was appointed justice of the peace for Westminster.
●Fielding‟s fictional writing started in 1742, when he published his first novel
Joseph Andrews, then came The Life of Mr. Jonathan Wild the Great, The History of Tom Jones, a Foundling (1749), Amelia (1751).
●He died soon after his arrival in Lisbon in 1754.
III. Major Works
Plays
a.Love in several masques(1728)
a.The Coffee-house Politician(1730)
b.The Welsh Opera (1731)
c.Don Quixote in England (1734)
d.Pasquin (1736)
e.The Historical Register for the Year (1736 )
●Novels
a.Joseph Andrews(1742)
b.Jonathan Wild the Great(1743)
c.Tom Jones(1749)
d.Amelia (1751)
e.The Journal of a V oyage to Lisbon(1754)
IV.Some features of Fielding’ s novels
●Method of relating a Story :There are three ways in telling the story of a novel. It
may be told in a series of letters. Again, the story may be put in the mouth of the principal character. Thirdly, the story may be told directly by the author.
●Satire abounds everywhere in Fielding‟s works.
●Fielding believed in the educational function of the novel.
●Style: Fielding is a master of style.
V.Achievement in English novel
●Fielding has been regarded by some as Father of the English Novel for his
contribution to the establishment of the form of the modern novel. Of all the eighteenth-century novelists, he was the first to set out, both in theory and practice, to write specifically a “comic epic in prose,”the first to give the modern novel its structure and style.
●Before him, the relating of a story in a novel was either in the epistolary form (a
series of letters), as in Richardson…s Pamela, or the picaresque form (adventurous wanderings) through the mouth of the principal character, as in Defoe‟s Robinson Crusoe,Fielding adopted “ the third-person narration,” in which the author become s the “all-knowing God.” He “thinks the thought” of all his characters, so he is able-to present not only their external behaviors but also the internal workings of their minds. In planning his stories, he tries to retain the grand epical form of the classical works but at the same time keeps faithful to his realistic presentation of common life as it is.
●His language is easy, unlabored and familiar, but extremely vivid and vigorous.
His sentences are always distinguished by logic and rhythm, and his structure
carefully planned towards an inevitable ending. His works are also noted for lively, dramatic dialogues and other theatrical devices such as suspense, coincidence and unexpectedness.
英语1001班
101110116
巨芬。