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教案授课单元21世纪大学实用英语综合教程第二册Unit 1本（章）节授课方式课堂讲授（√）实践课（）教学时数6本（章）节教学目标After studying this unit, the students are expected to1.master the basic language and skills necessary to ask for and giveclarification;2.understand the main ideas of Text A, Text B and Text C, and master theuseful sentence structures and words and expressions found in the exercises relevant to the first two texts;3.know how to write a letter of invitation;4.know how to use V+V-ing;5.guess the meaning of unknown words in context.授课要点教学重点和难点Teaching focus:1. Master the basic language and skills necessary to make requests2. Explain some language points to the Ss.3. Explain some grammar points to the Ss.Teaching difficulties:1. How to improve Ss’ speaking ability.2. How to improve Ss’ listening ability.思考题或作业1.Review the key expressions from the previous lesson.2.Read Text B of this unit, and deepen the understanding of the theme in this unit. -Share reflections on this theme in class.3.Review the new words and phrases of this text. Try to use them in daily life.4.Finish the reading and listening tasks of this unit.教学内容与组织安排1st period Text A (Global Reading)2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading)3rd period Grammar Review4 th period Practical Writing5th period Text B6th period Improve Your Reading Skills1st period Text A (Global Reading)1 Background InformationEnglish LanguageThe English language is the most widely spoken language in the world. It is used as either a primary or secondary language in many countries.During the 1500s, fewer than 2 million people spoke English. All of them lived in what is now Great Britain. Through the centuries, as the result of various historical events, English spread throughout the world. Today, about 400 million people speak English as their native language. Most of them live in Australia, Canada, Great Britain, Ireland, New Zealand, South Africa, and the United States.Another 100 million people living chiefly in Bangladesh, India, Pakistan, and in many African countries speak English in addition to their own language. An additional 200 million people probably know at least some English. (From the 1998 World Book Multimedia Encyclopedia)Characteristics of EnglishVocabulary. English has a larger vocabulary than any other language. There are more than 600,000 words in the largest dictionaries of the English language.Some English words have been passed on from generation to generation as far back as scholars can trace. These words, such as woman, man, sun, hand, love, go, and eat, express basic ideas and feelings. Later, many words were borrowed from other languages, including Arabic, French, German, Greek, Italian, Latin, Russian, and Spanish. For example, algebra is from Arabic, fashion from French, piano from Italian, and canyon from Spanish.A number of words, such as doghouse and splashdown, were formed by combining other words. New words were also created by blending words. For example, motor and hotel were blended into motel. Words can be shortened to form new words, as was done with history to form story. Words called acronyms are formed by using the first letter or letters of several words. The word radar is an acronym for radio detection and ranging.Pronunciation and spelling in English sometimes seem illogical or inconsistent. Many words are spelled similarly though pronounced differently. Examples include cough, though, and through. Other words, such as blue, crew, to, too, and shoe, have similar pronunciations but are spelled differently. Many of these variations show changes that occurred during the development of English. The spelling of some words remained the same through the centuries, though their pronunciation changed.Grammar is the set of principles used to create sentences. These principles define the elements used to assemble sentences and the relationships between the elements. The elements include parts of speech and inflections.Parts of speech are the word categories of the English language. Scholars do not all agree on how to describe the parts of speech. The traditional description listseight classes: nouns, pronouns, verbs, adjectives, adverbs, prepositions, conjunctions, and interjections. The most important relationships of the parts of speech include subject and verb, verb and predicate, and modifier and the word modified.English has fewer inflections than most other European languages. An English noun has only two inflections, the plural and the possessive. Inflections are used to change the tense and number of a verb or the case of a pronoun. Inflections can change adjectives to the comparative or the superlative — for example, big, bigger, biggest.American EnglishAmerican English is a variety of the English language spoken in the United States. Although all Americans do not speak the same way, their speech has enough in common that American English can be recognized as a variety of English distinct from British English, Australian English, and other national varieties. American English has grown up with the country. It began to diverge from British English during its colonial beginnings and acquired regional differences and ethnic flavor during the settlement of the continent.Today it influences other languages and other varieties of English because it is the medium by which the attractions of American culture — its literature, motion pictures, and television programs — are transmitted to the world.Characteristics of American EnglishA. PronunciationIn broad terms, Canadian and American speakers tend to sound like one another. They also tend to sound different from a large group of English speakers who sound more British, such as those in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa. For example, most Canadians and Americans pronounce an r sound after the vowel in words like barn, car,and farther, while speakers from the British English group do not. Also, some British English speakers drop h sounds at the beginning of words, so that he and his are pronounced as if they were spelled ee and is. The English spoken in Australia, New Zealand, and South Africa sounds more like British English than American English does because these varieties have had less time to diverge from British English. The process of separate development began later in these countries than in North America.In some cases there are differences between American English and British English in the rhythm of words. British speakers seem to leave out a syllable in words like secretary, as if it were spelled secretry, while Americans keep all the syllables. The opposite is true of other words, such as specialty, which Americans pronounce with three syllables (spe-cial-ty) while British speakers pronounce it with five syllables (spe-ci-al-i-ty). Vowels and consonants may also have different pronunciations. British speakers pronounce zebra to rhyme with Debra, while American speakers make zebra rhyme with Libra. Canadian and British speakers pronounce the word schedule as if it began with an sh sound, while Americans pronounce it as if it began with an sk sound.B. WordsThe most frequently used words are shared by speakers of different varieties of English. These words include the most common nouns, the most common verbs, and most function words (such as pronouns, articles, and prepositions). The different varieties of English do, however, use different words for many words that are slightly less common — for example, British crisps for American potato chips, Australian billabong for American pond, and Canadian chesterfield for American sofa. It is even more common for the same word to exist with different meanings in different varieties of English.Corn is a general term in Britain, for which Americans use grain, while corn in American English is a specific kind of grain. The word pond in British English usually refers to an artificial body of water, whereas ponds also occur naturally in North America. British English chemist is the same as American English drugstore, and in Canada people go to the druggist. Many of the words most easily recognized as American in origin are associated with aspects of American popular culture, such as gangster or cowboy.C. SpellingAmerican English spelling differs from British English spelling largely because of one man, American lexicographer Noah Webster. In addition to his well-known An American Dictionary of the English Language (1828), Webster published The American Spelling Book (1783, with many subsequent editions), which became one of the most widely used schoolbooks in American history. Webster’s books sought to standardize spelling in the United States by promoting the use of an American language that intentionally differed from British English. The development of a specifically American variety of English mirrored the newcountry’s separate political development. Webster’s most successful changes were spellings with or instead of our (honor, labor for the British honour, labour); with er instead of re (center, theater for the British centre, theatre); with an s instead of a c (defense, license for the British defence, licence); with a final ck instead of que (check, mask for the British cheque, masque); and without a final k (traffic, public, now also used in British English, for the older traffick, publick). Later spelling reform created a few other differences, such as program for British programme. Canadian spelling varies between the British and American forms, more British in eastern Canada and more American in western Canada.2. Group DiscussionHave you ever had an experience in which you are misunderstood or have failed to understand others? Misunderstandings can result from the spoken form or written form of the language that you use.2nd period Text A (Detailed Reading)Words and Expressions & Difficult Sentences1) misunderstanding: n. (an example of) wrong understanding 误解，误会e.g. Her poor French often leads to misunderstandings when she visits France. misunderstand: vt. understand wrongly 误解e.g. I’m sorry, I misunderstood you.It seems that you have misunderstood what I said at the meeting.2) get on: board (a bus, a train, etc.)登上（公共汽车、火车等）e.g. When I got on the bus, I found all the seats were occupied.They felt worried when they realized that they had got on the wrong train.3) head for: go towards 向…走去；朝…行进e.g. The ship was heading for Britain.He headed for the bus stop.4) … he could ride to New York without paying.介词without 解释为“不、未”，其后跟动词时，须用V-ing形式。
江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（2）江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（3）主任审阅____________________ 授课教师____________________ 年月日年月日江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（4）授课内容Unit 2Section I Talking Face to FaceThe topic of talking face to face area in this unit is to express thanks and give responses while exchanging gift-card and congratulation card. The focus is on the patterns that are appropriate for giving information concerning the various reasons and hoping to get the forgiveness from the other person.1. The students read the mini-talks after the teacher, and then try to recite them within five minutes in pairs.2. Ask the students to underline the useful expressions and perform the mini-talks in class.3. The students discuss in groups, summarizing the words, phrases and sentences frequently used according to the following topics with the help of the teacher. The students speak out the sentences under the guidance of the teacher, paying attention to the pronunciation and the intonation.1) sentences frequently used for expressing thanks:It was so generous of you to send me such a fine and beautiful gift.I don’t know how to express my thanks to you.I’m grateful for all the help and encouragement you’ve given me.2) Sentences frequently used for expressing congratulations:Congratulations on your recent promotion!Please accept my heartiest congratulations.江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（3）主任审阅____________________ 授课教师____________________ 年月日年月日江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（4）授课内容Unit 2Section Ⅱ Being All Ears1. Give the students a few minutes to read through the printed materials for each listening item.2. Listen to the material for the first time without referring to the book.3. Listen to the material for a second time, and ask the students to answer the following questions orally.1) What is the relationship between Andy and Donna?2) What happened to Donna? How does she feel now?3) Why does Donna show her thanks to Andy?4) Where does Andy get the flowers?5) Where does Donna keep the flowers?江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（3）主任审阅____________________ 授课教师____________________ 年月日年月日江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（4）授课内容Section Ⅲ Trying Y our HandApplied WritingSample AnalysisThe teacher summarizes briefly the format and language used in thank-you notes, congratulation cards and apology letters. The teacher may show the following passage with PPT. Afterwards, ask the students to read it and translate it into Chinese orally. 1.More information about thank-you notes;Thank-you notes are usually exchanged between friends and acquaintances. They are brief, direct and often in an informal style. They are often written in simple languages, using courteous words and sentences to express the writer’s good wish or thanks. The following sentences are often used in thank-you notes.2.More information about congratulation cards:People often write and send a congratulation card to congratulate one on such joyful occasions as celebrating one’s promotion, wedding, birthday, graduation, etc. Congratulation cards are also exchanged on holidays. The language used in a congratulation card usually sounds courteous and complimentary. The following expressions and sentences often appear in congratulation cards.Grammar3.Assignment for this sectionWritten work: suppose you missed an appointment with your friend. Please write a letter of apology for his/her forgiveness.江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（3）主任审阅____________________ 授课教师____________________ 年月日年月日江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（4）授课内容Unit 2Section Ⅳ(1): Passage 1 Thank you, Volunteers!rmation Traditional Festivals in China.春节：Spring Festival ( the 1st day of the 1st lunar month)除夕：New Year’s Eve ( the day before the Spring Festival)元宵节：Lantern Festival ( the 15th of the 1st lunar month)清明节：Qingming/Tomb-Sweeping Festival (April 4th or 5th)端午节：Dragon Boat Festival( the 5the of the 5th lunar month)七夕节：Qixi Festival( the 7th day of the 7the month of the lunar month, somewhat equivalent to Valentine’s Day in English)中秋节：Mid-Autumn Festival( the 15th of the 8th lunar month)重阳节：Double-Ninth Day ( the 9th of the 9th lunar month)2.Important Traditional Festivals in Western Countries.圣诞节：Christmas( the 25th of December)平安夜: Christmas Eve ( the 24th of December)情人节：Valentine’s Day ( 14th of February)愚人节：Fool’s Day ( the 1st of April)复活节：Easter( the 1st Sunday after a full moon on or after 21st of Marth)感恩节：Thanksgiving Day ( the 4th Thursday f November)万圣节：Halloween/All Saints’ Day (31st of October)Important words1.offerv. make available or accessible, provide or furnishe.g. The conference center offers a health spa.The local student offers to guide us around the city.2. invitev. ask someone in a friendly way to do somethinge.g. Shall we invite the famous football player to join our club?Students are invited to submit papers to this online magazine.3. gratefula. feeling or showing thankse.g. He felt so grateful to all the strangers’ help.We need to feel more grateful for what we have instead of complaining what we don’t.4.breakn. a pause from doing something ( as work)e.g. The meeting was too long, so we had a tea break.A 10-minute break between each session offers us a time to rest a bit.5. appreciatev. be fully aware of;; realize fullye.g. Do you appreciate the full meaning of this letter?I do appreciate what you have done to ease my pain.6. recognizev. show approval or appreciation ofe.g. Our effort is fully recognized by the society.The in-service training center is widely recognized here.江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（3）主任审阅____________________ 授课教师____________________ 年月日年月日江西外语外贸职业学院教案备课纸（4）授课内容Unit 2Section Ⅳ(2): Passage 1 Thank you, Volunteers!Language pointsExplanation of Difficult Sentences1. (Para. 1)November in the United States brings the holiday of Thanksgiving, and therefore it’s in November that we tend to think of a way in which we could show our thanks to volunteers.Analysis: This is a complex sentence. The basic sentence structure is S(subject) and S in which…In the second and-clause an emphatic structure it’s inNovember is used to emphasize the time adverbial of in November,modifying we tend to think. Which leads a relative clause, modifyinga way.Translation: 因此，我们在十一月里常常会想办法来表示对志愿者们的感谢。
Unit 1 Blue-Collar WorkersObjectives:1.read an article about the demand for blue-collar workers;2.enlarge your vocabulary relating to personal qualities;3.gain some ideas of what the top 9 blue-collar jobs are;4.get some tips about modal verbs in English;5.learn how to read and write a thank-you letter.Focuses:1.V ocabulary: (omitted)2.Speaking: Talk about the ideas of an ideal job based on the following questions.3.Grammar: Modal verb in English4.Practical writing: How to write a thank-you letter.Outline:Period 1: Warm-up Discussion; study of words and expressions in Text A Period 2: Discussion of Text APeriod 3: Comprehensive ExercisesPeriod 4: Grammar Tips; Active Words and V ocabulary CheckPeriod 5: Discussion of Text B and the follow-up ComprehensionPeriod 6: Practical WritingPeriod 7: Starting Out & In-class Activities (Practical Listening and Speaking Course)Period 8: Cultural Notes & After-class Activities (Practical Listening and Speaking Course)Methods:(1)Practice speaking and listening(2)Discussion(3)Presentation and role play(4) ExercisesTeaching ProceduresPeriod 1:Step 1. Warm-up Discussion (5 minutes)Questions:1. Do you like blue-collar jobs?Hint: I like blue-collar jobs because: the demand is huge; we can get professional training and technical knowledge; and the salary is good.2. What will be your favorite blue-collar job and why?Hint: My favorite blue-collar job is that of a gardener, because I can work outdoors and enjoy the fresh air; and I can keep fit and get good pay.Step 2. Background Information (10 minutes)Tell something about different types of WorkersA blue-collar worker is a member of the working class who performs manual labor. Blue-collar work may involve skilled or unskilled, manufacturing, mining, construction, mechanical, maintenance, technical installation and many other types of physical work. Blue-collar work is often paid hourly wage-labor, although some professionals may be paid by the project or salaried. There is a wide range of payscales for such work depending upon field of specialty and experience.White-collar workers typically perform work in an office environment and may involve sitting at a computer or desk. Service workers, or pink-collar workers, make up a third type of worker. Their labor is related to customer interaction, entertainment sales or other service-oriented work.Step 3. Vocabulary in Text A (20 minutes)Ask Ss to read new words and expressions by themselves and then read the new words together. Explain the important points.1. heartland n.the area or region where a particular set of activities or beliefs is most significant 中心地区，心脏地带Jack had a six-day bus tour around the industrial heartland of America杰克在美国工业中心区域乘大巴旅游了六天Even the attack on Pearl Harbour was remote from the country’s heartland. 即使是珍珠港事件的发生地也远离美国的心腹地带。
实⽤英语综合教程1教案unit2Unit 2 FriendshipⅠ. Teaching Objectives:1. Grasp the main idea of the Text A and Text B2. Master important language points and grammatical points3. Speaking: How to talk about likes and dislikes and how to make friends4. Develop the ability of practical writing: Personal LettersⅡ. Time allotment: 6 periodsText A & Exercises 2 periodsText B & Exercises 2 periodsGrammar & Practical Writing 2 periodsText A My Friend, the Telephone OperatorⅠPre-reading Tasks:1. Discuss the following questions in class.1) What kind of person do you expect your friend to be? Describe a person who is likely to be your friend.(honest, kind, tolerant, filial, positive, warm-hearted, humorous, responsible, intelligent……)2) Friend ship may sometimes exert a great impact on one?s life. Have you heard of any stories of friendship? Do you think your life has ever been influenced by your relations with your friends?A StoryThe dog has been man?s best friend for thousands of years. Gele rt was a hunting dog belonging to a hunter. One morning, the hunter went hunting without the dog. On his return, he found Gelert covered with blood. His baby was not in its bed. Thinking that the dog had eaten the child, he killed the dog with his sword. The noise awoke the baby who had been asleep, safe and sound under a pile of bed coverings. The father heard its cry and found the baby. Under the bed was found a wolf, killed by Gelert. The faithful dog had saved the baby but lost his life because of a tragic misunderstanding.2. Background InformationIn the 1870s, Alexander Graham Bell designed a device that we now call the telephone. Bell?s extensive knowledge of the nature of sound and his understanding of music enabled him to invent the device.Bell?s greatest success was achieved on March 10, 1876, marking the birth of the telephone. The first sentence ever spoken over a telephone was uttered over this device on that day. The historic words, “Mr. Watson, come here; I want you” were uttered by Bell.ⅡWhile—Reading Tasks1.Ask the students to read the new words and expressions.2.Explain the key words and expressions and give students practice.1) discover vt. 发现discover sthdiscover + that从句discover + wh-疑问词+动词不定式discoverer n. 发现者discovery n. 发现discover & learn两个词都含有“获得知识，了解”这个含义。
实用英语综合教程第1册教案An Integrated Skills Course 1ContentsUnit1 Education (2)Unit2 Friendship (8)Unit3 Gifts (12)Unit4 Movies (18)Unit5 Our Earth (22)Unit6 Part-time Jobs (30)Unit 7 Health (36)Unit 8 Famous People (48)Unit 9 Festival (61)Unit 10 Animal Stories (73)Unit1 EducationObjectives1.Read what Bill Gates says about education;2.Build up your vocabulary relating to campus life;3.Learn something from an ancient Greek educator;4.Study different types of nouns;5.Write an introduction of yourself.Focuses1.Build up your vocabulary relating to campus life;2.Write an introduction of yourself.Outline1.Warm-up Discussion; study of words and expressions in Text A; Vocabulary Check (B and C)2.Discussion of Text A and the follow-up exercises (A and B)3.Active Words and V ocabulary Check; Grammar Tips4.Discussion of Text B and the follow-up exercises/doc/5040d052e87101f69e31955e.html prehensive Exercises (Ask the students to do the translation exercises outside of theclass beforehand)6.Practical WritingProcedures:Classroom ActivitiesI. Warm-up discussionQuestion: Do you know anything about Bill Gates such as his life and his educational background?Hint1)birthday and birthplace: October 28, 1995; Seattle, Washington2)educational background: Harvard University (education not completed)3)career: chairmen and chief software architect of Microsoft, the word‘s largest and most profitable software company.4)main events in his life:a.beginning programming computers at age 13;b.developing a version of the programming language BASIC for the first microcomputer in Harvard;c.founding Microsoft Corporation in 1975 at the age of 19II. Vocabulary in Text A1. education n.教育e.g. Children in poor areas receive free education.educate v.教育；教导educated adj.受教育的e.g. a well-educated maneducator n.教育家，教育者2. count v.派用场，点数e.g. 1) Every seconds counts.2) What counts more is whether you have tried your best.3) to count from 1 to 1004) Count these apples.3. advantage n.有利条件，好处；优点，优势e.g. This product has many advantages.advantageous adj.有利的，有益的，便利的e.g. It is highly advantageous to us.Phrase: take advantage of 很好的使用；利用e.g. take advantage of all educational opportunitiesAntonym: disadvantage n.不利；不利条件e.g. His bad health is a great disadvantage to him when he looks for work.4. lifetime n.一生，终生e.g. 1) a lifetime guarantee2)lifetime membership3) In my father‘s lifetime there have been many changes in the village.5. part-time adj.& adv.兼职的（地）e.g. 1)a part-time job2)He works part-time.full-time adj.全职的e.g. a full-time housewife6. programmer n.程序师，编程员program v.编制程序e.g. Please program the computer to do the job instead of doing it manually(手工操作).7. discourage vt. 不鼓励；使泄气，使失去信心e.g. His parents discouraged him from joining the air force.discouraged adj. 泄气的，失去信心的discouraging adj.使人泄气的，使人失去信心的e.g. 1) If you meet difficulty in your study, don‘t be discouraged.2) It is discouraging that I didn‘t k now how to solve the problem.Antonym: encourage vt.鼓励e.g. I encouraged her to work hard and to try to pass the examinations.courage n. 勇敢，勇气e.g. David showed great courage when he saved the child from the burning house.8. diploma n. 文凭，毕业证书e.g. a college diplomadiplomatic adj. 外交的，从事外交的e.g. Julia joined the diplomatic service after her graduation from university.9. project n.项目，课题e.g. 1) an impossible project2) The professor is directing a research project.Synonym: plan10. highly adv. 高度地；非常e.g. 1) a highly interesting story2) a highly paid jobPhrase: speak/ think highly of 赞扬，对…给予很高评价e.g. The leader speaks / thinks highly of our work.11. focus v.（使）集中；（使）聚焦e.g. 1) to focus (one‘s mind) in work2) All eyes focused on the speaker.focus n.（兴趣活动等的）中心，焦点e.g. Because of his strange clothes, he immediately becamethe focus of attention when heentered the office.12. range n. 范围e.g. You have a wide range of choices.range vi.在某范围内变化e.g. The temperature ranges from 10 to 20 degrees.13. attend v.参加，出席e.g. attend schoolattend a lectureattendance n.出席，到场14. automatically adv.自动地e.g. the machine operates automatically.automatic adj.自动的e.g. We have an automatic washing machine.15. drop out of 退学，不参与，退出e.g. 1) He dropped out of school at the age of 10 because his family was too poor to afford thetuition.2) She decided to drop out of the competition because it was not fire.16. chance of a lifetime 千载难逢的良机，一生中唯一的机会e.g. It‘s the chance of a lifetime. You will regret it the rest of your lif e if you don‘t take it.17. try out 试验，考验e.g. She bought a cookbook and tried out a few new recipes.18. in short 简而言之，总之e.g. In short, you should study hard for a better future.Synonym: in brief/ to sum up/ all in all/ in conclusionIII. Language Points in Text A1.They want to know what to study, or whether it?s Ok todrop out of college since that?s what I did.what to study: This is a wh-word + infinitive structure used as the object, which can be changed into an object clause. Wh-word + infinitive structure can be used as a subject, an object, or an appositive clause(同位语从句)，for example:1)How to improve their English is often discussed among the students.2)We haven‘t decided when to visit the place.3)You haven‘t answered my question about wher e to get these books.it?s Ok to drop out of college: Here ―it‖ is used as a formal subject, and the actual subject is the infinitive structure ―to drop out of college‖. The general pattern is ―It is + adj. + (for/ of + sb.) todo sth.‖ More examples:1)It was very thoughtful of her to come to see me when I was ill.2)It‘s easy for me to see through his trick.that?s what I did: ―what I did‖ here is a predictive clause (表语从句)introduced by ―what‖. It is always structured in the form of ―subject + be/ look/ remain/ seem + predictive clause‖ and can be introduced by such words as ―that‖ (always omitted), and other wh-words, for example:1) It seems (that) it is going to rain.2) This is why I refused to attend the meeting.2. As I?ve said before, nobody should drop out of college unless they believe they face the chance of a lifetime.As I?ve said before: This is a non-restrictive relative clause(非限制性关系从句) introduced by ―as‖(正如…的那样), which can be placed at the beginning or at the end of the sentence. Moreexamples:1) As people expected, she was admitted to Beijing University.2) Hundreds of people were killed in the earthquake, as I have learned from the newspaper. unless: is a conjunction for an adverbial clause of condition (条件状语从句), which equals ―if…not…‖(除非).e.g. I won‘t leave unless the rain stops.3. In my company?s early years, we have a bright part-time programmer who planned to drop out of high school to work.planned to: intend to do sth.计划、打算做某事e.g. I plan to make a trip to Beijing during the summer vocation.who planned to …work: a restrictive relative clause introduced by ―who‖ since its antecedent is a person and serves as the subject in the clause. The relative pronoun ―that‖ can be used here too. More examples:1) The young man who sits there quietly is my brother.2) I don‘t like people that pry into others‘ private business.4. Having a diploma certainly helps somebody who is looking to us for a job.look to sb./ sth.: to depend on sb. or sth. for help or advice 指望，依赖e.g. We look to you for support.5. High school and college offer you the best chance to learn many things and to do projects with others that teach you about team spirit.that teach you about team spirit: This is a restrictive relative clause introduced by ―that‖, whose antecede nt acts as the subject of the clause. Actually the relative clause introduced by ―that‖ can be used to modify both the person or the thing,and the roll of ―that‖ can be either the subject or the object.e.g. He was the only one that I knew there.I haven‘t been to the place that you have mentioned.6. In high school there was a time when I was highly focused on writing software, but for most of my high school years I had many interests.when …software: This is a relative clause introduced by the relative a dverb ―when‖, which acts as the adverbial of time in the clause.e.g. 1) There was a time when I completely lost my self-confidence.2) I will never forget those days when we were together.7. For me, classroom is not the only place where you can learn.where you can learn: This is a restrictive relative clause introduced by the relative adverb ―where‖, which is used as the adverbial of place in the clause.e.g. 1) Do you still remember the restaurant where we had dinner last night?2) This is the place where he stayed his whole life.8. In short, it?s a real mistake not to take the chance to studya wide range of subjects and to learn to work with other people because education does count.it?s a real mistake not to take the chance: This is an example of a negative infinitive structure, where ―not‖ is placed before an infinitive.e.g. 1) We are asked not to speak loudly in class.2) It is a good idea not to go out on such a rainy day.IV. Focus on Grammar名词(Noun )一、名词的概念表示人、事物或抽象概念的词叫做名词。
Unit 1 Invitation EtiquetteUnit GoalsWhat you should learn to doMake an oral invitation to：Invite people to join daily activitiesInvite people to formal occasionsMake a written invitation（write an invitation card or a letter) for：Personal invitationOfficial occasionsGive a reply to：An oral invitationA written invitationWhat you should know aboutInvitation culture：western and ChineseWord order in a subordinate clauseRequirements:After learning this unit, students should grasp：1.Read and understand the meaning of invitation cards and letters2.How to write invitation cards and letters and remember the patterns of invitation cards and letters3.How to invite people to party or dinner，and how to accept and decline invitations4.The customs of inviting people in different countries5.Important words，phrases and language points in the passageIn our daily life，we need to invite others to dinner or take part in all kinds of parties, so we should know about western custom about invitation.Foreign custom is much stricter than Chinese custom in the matter of replying toinvitations。
