高考英语二轮复习 第一部分 题型专题方略 专题四 语法填空和短文改错 第三讲 语法专题 七 定语从句针对训练
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第一编 专题四 第3讲(2016·全国Ⅱ)The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how to do during the holiday. We can chose between staying at home and take a trip. If we stay at home ,it is comfortable but there is no need to spend money. But in that case ,we will learn little about world. If we go on a trip abroad ,we can broaden your view and gain knowledges we cannot get from books. Some classmates suggest we can go to places of interest nearby. I thought that it is a good idea. It does not cost many ,yet we can still learn a lot.答案:The summer holiday is coming. My classmates and I are talking about how whatto do during theholiday. We can chose choose between staying at home and take takinga trip. If we stay at home ,it iscomfortable but and there is no need to spend money. But in that case ,we will learn little about ∧theworld. If we go on a trip abroad ,we can broaden your our view and gain knowledges knowledgewe cannot getfrom books. Some classmates suggest we can /can should go to places of interest nearby. I thought thinkthat it is a good idea. It does not cost many much,yet we can still learn a lot.❶ 解析:how 改为what 。
高考英语二轮复习第一部分题型专题方略专题四语法填空和短文改错定语从句Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2021・高考北京卷改编)Opposite is St.Paul’s Church,____________ you can hear some lovely music.解析:句意:对面是圣保罗教堂,在教堂里你能听到一些优美的音乐。
这是一个定语从句。
先行词是St.Paul’s Church,从句主谓宾成分完整,去掉空后依然是完整的句子,可推断出引导词在从句中作的是地点状语。
故填where。
答案:where2.(2021・高考湖南卷改编)It is a truly delightful place,____________looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages.解析:句意:这真是一个令人愉快的地方,它看起来一定跟100年前一样,有着蜿蜒的街道和美丽的村舍。
根据分析,此句是一个非限制性定语从句,先行词是place,在定语从句中是作主语的,所以用关系代词which引导。
答案:which3.(2021・高考江苏卷改编)The number of smokers,____________ is reported,has dropped by 17 percent in just one year.解析:句意:正如所报道的,烟民的数量仅仅在一年内就下降了17%。
as作为关系代词,引导非限制性定语从句,位置非常灵活,可位于主句前、主句后,也可位于主句中间。
意为“正如……”。
答案:as4.(2021・高考陕西卷改编)As the smallest child of his family,Alex is always longing for the time ____________ he should be able to be independent.解析:句意:作为家里最小的孩子,亚历克斯总是渴望他能独立的时候。
定语从句[专项训练]Ⅰ.单句语法填空1.(2015·北京重点中学联考改编)The main street is lined with small stands and shops ____________sell almost anything you can imagine.解析:句意:主街道两旁小货摊和商店鳞次栉比,它们出售你能想象到的任何东西。
分析句子结构可知,设空处引导定语从句,先行词为small stands and shops,指物,且在从句中作主语,故用which或that引导该定语从句。
答案:which/that2.(2015·湖南益阳箴言中学模拟改编)Dad decided to build a small tool room with a lock,____________he would keep his best tools so my brother couldn’t reach them.解析:句意:父亲决定建一个带锁的小工具室,把他最好的工具放到里面,这样我弟弟就不会拿到了。
设空处引导定语从句,修饰先行词a small tool room,并在从句中作地点状语,故用where或in which引导该定语从句。
答案:where/in which3.(2016·陕西西安市83中阶段考试改编)Recently,there have been many occasions ____________you have attended events on your own.解析:“you have attended events on your own”为定语从句,先行词occasion“场合,时刻”,并且在从句中作时间状语,故填when。
答案:when4.(2015·四川乐清市二中月考改编)The science of computer,in ____________rapid progress has been made in recent years,plays a very important role in our daily life.解析:句意:电脑最近这些年进步飞速,在我们的日常生活中扮演重要的角色。
本题考查“介词+which/whom”引导的定语从句,先行词为the science of computer,故填which。
答案:which5.She can always create an atmosphere for her students,____________allows them to talk freely with each other.解析:句意:她总能为自己的学生创造一种可以彼此自由交流的氛围。
先行词为atmosphere,在定语从句中作主语,故填which。
答案:which6._____________is announced in today’s newspaper,we have launched another manmade satellite.解析:句意:我们又发射了一颗人造卫星,这是在今天的报纸上宣布的。
根据句式结构可知,本题考查非限制性定语从句,并且修饰整个句子,并在从句中作主语,故填As,表示“正如”。
答案: As7.My laptop computer,____________which I can’t go on with my work,broke down the other day.解析:句意:我的手提电脑前几天坏了,没有它我不能继续工作。
本句的computer是先行词,________ which I can’t go on with my work是定语从句修饰computer,从句中成分完整,根据句意应用“否定介词+关系代词”来引导定语从句,故填without。
答案:without8.He is of confidence,____________,in my opinion,is most important in society.解析:句意:他很自信,在我看来,这一点在社会中最重要。
设空处引导非限制性定语从句,先行词是confidence,定语从句中缺少主语,用which引导。
答案:which9.My brother’s bedroom is always a mess,and he can never find anything,____________is very frustrating.解析:句意:我哥哥的卧室总是乱糟糟的,而且他永远什么都找不到,这真让人心烦。
which引导非限制性定语从句,指代整个主句。
答案:which10.It’s helpful to put children in a situation ____________they can see themselves differently.解析:句意:让孩子们能看到不同的自己很有帮助。
抽象名词situation作定语从句的先行词,在从句中作地点状语,故用关系副词where引导该定语从句。
答案:where11.The old man turned his business over to his younger son,____________made his elder son discouraged.解析:句意:那位老人把生意交给了小儿子,这使他的大儿子很受打击。
设空处引导非限制性定语从句,指代前面一整句话的内容,并在从句中作主语,故填which。
答案:which12.The house,____________door often stays open until late at night,works as a home for the guards,some of ____________are from the countryside.解析:句意:那间通常到深夜才关门的房子是给门卫们住的,他们中的一些人来自农村。
两空均引导定语从句,第一空的先行词为the house,与后面的door之间为所属关系,故用关系代词whose;第二空先行词是guards,指人,关系代词在介词of后作宾语,因此用关系代词whom。
答案:whose;whom13.The artist was very proud of his creation and called it the best painting ____________he had ever done.解析:句意:那位艺术家为他的创作感到自豪,并称之为他所创作的最好的作品。
根据句子结构可知设空处引导定语从句,先行词为the best painting,关系代词在从句中作宾语。
先行词由形容词最高级修饰时,定语从句的关系代词用that。
答案:that14.Lily took a few friends to my birthday party,none of____________ I was familiar with.解析:句意:莉莉带了一些朋友来参加我的生日聚会,他们中我一个也不熟悉。
逗号后为非限制性定语从句,先行词为a few friends,指人,且设空处作介词of的宾语,因此填 whom。
答案:whom15.We live in an age ____________more information is available with greater ease than ever before.解析:句意:我们生活在一个比以往能够更加容易得到更多信息的时代。
先行词是anage,表示时间,设空处在从句中作状语,所以用when。
答案:whenⅡ.单句改错1.(2015·北京西城二模改编)Paris has some great museums which visitors can see fine works of impressionist painters.________________________________________________________________________ 解析:句意:巴黎有一些很棒的博物馆,在那里游客可以看到印象派画家的优秀作品。
定语从句先行词是some great museums,先行词是指地点的名词,且定语从句visitors can see fine works of impressionist painters句子结构完整,因此用关系副词where来引导该定语从句。
答案:which—where2.(2015·天津十二区县联考改编)The course normally attracts 20 students per year,of who up to half will be from overseas.________________________________________________________________________ 解析:句意:这门课程一般每年吸引20个学生,他们中多达一半的人将来自海外。
先行词为20 students。
定语从句中包含固定短语half of...此处应将of提前,介词后只能接which和whom引导的定语从句,故把who改为whom。
答案:who—whom3.Shandong Normal University has developed a system on which students can choose whatever subject they like.________________________________________________________________________ 解析:句意:山东师范大学已经研发了一个学生能够选择他们喜欢的任何课程的系统。
先行词system在从句中作地点状语,根据句意可知应用介词in,表示在这个系统中。
答案:on—in4.(2015·山东青岛一模改编)—Where did you get to know her?—On the farm that we both worked in the 1970s.________________________________________________________________________ 解析:句意:——你在哪里认识她的?——在20世纪70年代我们两个曾经工作过的农场(认识她的)。
根据先行词the farm在从句中作地点状语,所以引导词为where。