(完整word版)考研英语完型填空和阅读理解红花绿叶词高频固定搭配短语
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一、完形填空红花绿叶法则:红花词: be subject to(遭受),while(前后对比),however, although, because, yet, for example, for instance,available(可使用的,可得到的),such as, necessary, therefore, address(解决),access(路径,通道), for, develop(制定), tend to(往往会…), tendency绿叶词:since, unless, about, if only, in case, lest, now that, as to, with regard to, with reference to, only if二、阅读理解红花绿叶法则:红花词:may, might, maybe, possible, not all, probably, some, change, not necessarily, sympathy(同情),more or less, be likely to, most, not enough, not every, perhaps, threat(威胁)绿叶词:must, always, never, the most(最高级),all, only, none, any, Indifference(漠不关心),biased(有偏见的),puzzling(感到迷惑的)三、小作文模板1.求职信/申请信(application 申请)Dear Sir or Madam,I am writing this letter for the purpose of applying for the position [as posted in the newspaper].My qualifications, I believe, just meet your requirements. In the first place/first of all/firstly, English, as my major, is perfectly in line with this job. In addition/Moreover/furthermore, my previous work experience has helped me lay a solid foundation for the work here.At last/Finally/Last but not the least, I am a good team player and I am eager to learn. Please refer to my resume attached for more details.I would appreciate it a lot if you could schedule an interview for me. I am looking forward to your reply at your earliest convenience.Yours truly/sincerely,Li Ming2.推荐信(recommendation推荐)Dear Mary,I am writing this letter to recommend a movie to you. The name of the movie is The Pursuit of Happiness.Here are some reasons. In the first place/Above all/First of all/Firstly/To begin with, the plot(情节)of this movie is particularly moving(感人的).In addition, this movie is inspiring(激励人的). At last, the cast(卡司)演员阵容of this movie is very strong.I like this movie very much. I hope you can enjoy it too. I am looking forward to your reply.Yours,Li Ming 3.辞职信(resignation辞职)Dear…,I am writing this letter for the purpose of resigning from my current position.After several months of work, I find it inappropriate for me to take this position for the following reasons. In the first place, I ever expected the job to be both challenging and rewards which has turned out to be the opposite. In the second, the salary has proved to be a lot lower than you originally promised and I have a large family to support. As a result, I have made up my mind to quit the job after much deliberation.Thanks a lot for having offered me the golden opportunity to work with the outstanding staff here. I sincerely hope you will approve of my resignation. I am genuinely sorry for any inconvenience caused.Yours truly,Li Ming4.建议信(suggestion, advice建议)To whom it may concern,I am writing this letter for the purpose of conveying(传达)my deepest(最深的) concern(担忧)about…It must be pointed out that the current situation(现状)is going from bad to worse. Accordingly(因此)/Therefore/So,it is urgent forus to take effective measures. In the first place, we should enhance(加强) the public’s awareness(意识) of the importance of it. In the second, we should appeal to(呼吁) the relevant departments to set up strict regulations(立法)against it.Thanks a lot for paying attention to this letter. I am looking forward to seeing some new changes in the society soon.5.感谢信(thanks)Dear…,I am writing this letter for the purpose of conveying my thanks for your warm reception(接待).Your friendly warmth made it possible that I have a pleasant time here. And it was your generous(慷慨的)help that allowed(允许)me the chance(机会)to know the culture(文化)here. I hope that you would visit our country so that I would get the opportunity to repay your kindness.Please accept my sincere(诚挚的)thanks. Wish you all the best.(祝你一切顺利)6.祝贺信(congratulation祝贺信)Dear…,I am…expressing my sincere congratulations on yourachievement.I know how hard you have worked to attain this goal. Therefore, I can imagine your excitement when you realized such an ambition. Indeed, no one could have been more deserving(应得的)than you. On the other hand, for me, it would be a real encouragement(鼓励)to see your pains(痛苦)rewarded(奖励). In short=All in all=In a word=In conclusion, I take great pride in your achievements. Please accept my sincere congratulations. I wish you still(仍然)further success.7.道歉信(apology道歉)Dear…,I am…making a sincere(诚挚的)apology to you for my carelessness(粗心).When I arrived home, I found I made a terrible mistake. I fell awfully sorry for this. As I understand this is one of your favorites, I will try my best to make up for(弥补)my mistake as soon as possible.Please accept my heartfelt=sincere apology. I genuinely=sincere=heartfelt hope you can forgive me for my carelessness.8.投诉信(complaint投诉)To whom it may concern,I am…making a complaint about the laptop I bought last week. The reasons for my complaint are as follows. In the first place, the quality of this product is not good. In the second, the service of the staff is not satisfactory(令人满意的). Accordingly, I find it difficult to go on with my life and work by using this product.My demand is that you should take this matter into serious consideration(考虑)and give me a satisfactory reply as soon as possible. At the same time, I genuinely hope to see some improvement(改进)in your services.Yours truly,Li Ming9.邀请信(invitation邀请)Dear Sir or Madam,I am...inviting you to take part in this activity.The activity is scheduled to take place at school library at 9:00 a.m. on this Sunday. I will fell it an honor if you could come.Since your presence(到场)is of vital importance(至关重要)to this occasion(场合), I do hope you can make it. I am looking forward to seeing you at that day.10.介绍信(introduction介绍)Dear…,I am writing this letter for the purpose of introducing this person to you.Now he is studying in Peking University. He will graduate in July and pursue his master’s degree in your university. He will encounter (遭遇)a variety of difficulties. Therefore, he hoped to enjoy your guidance(指导)in some ways. I would be most grateful(感谢的)if you could kindly offer help.Thanks a lot for paying attention to this letter. I am looking forward to your reply.11.请求信(request请求)To whom it may concern,I am …asking you to help find a child in a remote area to offer financial(经济的)aid(帮助).My requirements for the candidate are as follows. In the first place, he must be in poverty and truly in need of help. In the second, the child should be hard-working and eager to learn. In addition, he or she must be willing to his or her hometown after graduation from university. I plan to send him or her a certain sum of money eachterm.四、大作文模板Here demonstrates a chart/picture/graph with regard to the different population’s quantity(数量)of city and countryside, ranging from 1990to2010. As is shown clearly in this thought-provoking(发人深思的)chart above,the change of the population in cities was obvious, which had picked up(增加) significantly from 300 million in 1990 to about 660 million in 2010. In comparison,the population in countrysides declined from about 810 million in 1990 to 670 million in 2010.Why does this phenomenon happen? There are numerous reasons accounting for it and I would like to explore a few of the most extraordinary ones here. Above all, I am strongly convinced that with technology and science progressing quickly in the past three decades, some people give plenty of priority to material possessions and personal interests, therefore, a growing number of people prefer to live in cities. In addition, this is partly due to the fact that we can make more money.In line with my personal thinking, there are two major factors ought to be taken into account seriously. On one hand, the public ought to arrange our life reasonably. On the other hand, the relevantdepartments of the government should fashion sounder laws (制定更加健全的法律)to ensure the benefit of each citizen. Only if these measures/initiatives are adopted effectively can we live a better life.兼职:doing part-time job大一:in the first year of the college。
【考研冲刺】完形填空的红花绿叶原则2012年11月11日 08:07:24一、四分技巧:(与英语水平无关,人人可拿到4分)1、利用“红花绿叶”原则:(2~5道红花绿叶题/每年)⑴、红花词(必选的词):√However,although,yet,because。
⑵、绿叶词(必不选的词):×① since(11次),ever since,now that,what(what 不放在名词后,不引导定语和同谓语从句)。
②虚拟语气系列词:if only,in case (唯恐、以免、万一),lest,or else(否则、要不然)。
【in case/lest的虚拟语气跟 should +V原】。
(表示与真实情况相反和不相符的情况。
①与过去情况相反,从句用过去完成时;②与现在情况相反,从句用一般过去时;③与将来情况相反,用would/could + V原形。
)if only(=I wish 但愿,要是),【注意:only if(=if) 如果】③表示关于的词:as to、with regard to、with/in reference to、about 。
2、利用答案分布的规律:⑴、每篇完形填空中A、B、C、D作为正确选项的个数各在4—6个之间:Passage 8(2001):DADBA CDBBA BCBAC ADCDC 【A 5, B 5, C 5, D 5】Passage 9(2002):ADCBB ADDCB DAACB DACBC 【A 5, B 5, C 5, D 5】Passage 10(2003):ABCDC BDCAD ADBDC DBACA 【A 5, B 4,C 5, D 6】Passage 11(2004):CDADA BCDAB ACDBA BBDAC 【A 6, B 5,C 4, D 5】Passage 12(2005):CBACB ADADB CADCD BCDAB 【A 5, B 5,C 5, D 5】Passage 13(2006):ABDAD CBCAA CBDCC ABCAD 【A 6, B 4,C 6, D 4】Passage 14(2007):BDACC DBABC ADACB DCABD 【A 5, B 5,C 5, D 5】可见,全部选A 得3分。
红花词:以下8个词(词组)均出现过3 次以上,每次都作为正确答案出现:however,while,although,for example,such as,because,available,subject,tend,against。
绿叶词:以下10个词均出现2-3次,但从未成为正确答案:at,if only,only if ,now that,unless,restrict,since,about,provided,about。
1. Many others, 14 not addicted or mentally ill, simply lack theeveryday survival skills need to turn their lives around. (2021年完形第14题)[A] when [B] once [C] while(C) [D] whereas解题:①红花词是[C] While—妥协逻辑关系词;②其核心特征为主从句/成份间语义的相反相对,因此只要判断出空前后(句内)语义相反相对即可。
空格处所在句子前半部份指出“还有许多人,__不酗酒吸毒,精神也正常”,说明他们不会有问题,但后半部份又提出“就是没有改善生活现状的生存技术”,很显然前后矛盾,组成语义上相反关系,故红花词while正确。
2. Not everyone agrees on the numbers of Americans who are homeless. Estimates range anywhere from 600,000 to 3 million. __7__ the figure may vary, analysts do agree on another matter: that the number of the homeless is increasing.(2021年完形第7题)[A] Now that [B] Although [C] Provided(B) [D] Except that解题:①红花词是[B] Although—妥协逻辑关系词;②其核心特征为主从句/成份间语义的相反相对,因此只要判断出空前后语义相反相对即可。
考研英语完型填空红花绿叶考研技巧考研英语完型填空红花绿叶技巧一、红花绿叶原则在考研英语完型填空中,有一些关键词被称为“红花”,因为它们经常出现在正确答案中,而有些关键词被称为“绿叶”,因为它们经常出现在错误答案中。
了解这些红花绿叶的规律,可以帮助我们更准确地选择正确答案。
二、红花关键词1、名词:在完型填空中,名词是经常出现的一种关键词。
在选择答案时,要特别注意名词的词义和语法搭配。
2、形容词:形容词用来描述名词的性质和特征,也是完型填空中常见的关键词。
在选择答案时,要注意形容词的词义和语法搭配。
3、动词:动词是英语中非常重要的一种词类,也是完型填空中常见的关键词。
在选择答案时,要注意动词的词义、时态、语态和主谓一致等语法规则。
4、常见搭配:英语中有很多习惯性搭配,这些搭配也是完型填空中的常见考点。
在选择答案时,要注意词语之间的搭配关系。
三、绿叶关键词1、介词:介词是英语中一个非常小的词类,但它在完型填空中却经常出现。
在选择答案时,要注意介词的用法和搭配。
2、副词:副词用来修饰动词、形容词和其他副词,也是完型填空中常见的关键词。
在选择答案时,要注意副词的用法和搭配。
3、连词:连词用来连接句子和句子,或者句子和短语之间,也是完型填空中常见的关键词。
在选择答案时,要注意连词的用法和搭配。
4、冠词:冠词是一种虚词,用来修饰名词,在英语中也非常重要。
在选择答案时,要注意冠词的用法和搭配。
四、红花绿叶技巧应用在完型填空中,当遇到一个空格时,我们可以先看看空格前后有哪些关键词,特别是红花关键词。
如果空格前后的关键词与红花关键词有关,那么我们就可以根据红花关键词的词义和语法搭配来选择答案。
如果空格前后的关键词与绿叶关键词有关,那么我们就可以根据绿叶关键词的用法和搭配来排除错误答案。
五、实例分析下面以一道考研英语完型填空为例来说明红花绿叶技巧的应用:The 1980s and 1990s saw a 24-hour economy, with the 24-hour McDonald's and the 24-hour Starbucks. This 24-hour economy has 25 into a 24-hour health care industry, 26 night nurses and home health aides.21、A) exclusively B) typically C) formerly D) initially 211、A) business B) culture C) education D) entertainment 2111、A) combined B) complemented C) integrated D) inserted 21111、A) transformed B) translated C) transferred D) transferred211111、A) creating B) causing C)迫使 D)建议2111111、A) so as to B) in order to C) in order that D) for the purpose of21题是一个完型填空,根据红花绿叶技巧,我们可以先看看空格前后有哪些关键词,特别是红花关键词。
考研英语完型填空-红花绿叶考研技巧考研英语完型填空——红花绿叶考研技巧在考研英语中,完型填空一直是让众多考生感到头疼的一个题型。
它不仅考查词汇、语法等基础知识,还对考生的逻辑思维和语篇理解能力有较高要求。
但别担心,今天就来给大家分享一种独特的考研英语完型填空技巧——红花绿叶法,帮助大家在这个题型上取得更好的成绩。
首先,我们来了解一下什么是红花绿叶词。
红花词就是那些在历年考研英语完型填空中经常作为正确选项出现的词汇;绿叶词则是那些基本不会被选为正确选项的词汇。
掌握了这些词,就能在一定程度上提高我们答题的准确率和效率。
红花词包括:however、while、although、yet、because、for example 等。
比如,however 这个词,常常用于表示转折关系,在完型填空中如果需要一个表示转折的连词,那么它很有可能就是正确答案。
while 也常用来表示对比或转折,也是常见的正确选项。
although 引导让步状语从句,在完型中出现时,作为正确选项的概率较高。
yet 同样有转折的意味,也经常出现在正确答案中。
because 作为表示原因的连词,在逻辑关系清晰的情况下,很可能是正确的。
for example 用于举例,在需要举例说明的地方,它往往是正确的选择。
绿叶词有:since、what、if only、now that 等。
since 虽然也表示原因,但在完型填空中作为正确选项的情况相对较少。
what 这个词在完型中通常不是正确答案。
if only 表示“要是……就好了”,在完型中很少被选。
now that 引导原因状语从句,也不是完型填空的高频正确选项。
接下来,我们通过具体的例子来看看如何运用红花绿叶法解题。
比如有这样一句话:“The weather was bad, _____, we still went for a walk” 在这个句子中,需要一个表示转折的词,根据红花绿叶词,我们很容易就能判断出应该填 however。
考研英语完形填空红花绿叶词整理There are certain words in the English language that are known as "green leaf" words。
These words are often used incorrectly in writing and can cause n for the reader。
In this article。
we will discuss some of the most commonly misused green leaf words and how to use them correctly.Against" is a n that is often used to indicate n or resistance。
For example。
"I am against the idea of raising taxes." However。
it is frequently used incorrectly as a synonym for "versus," as in "The Lakers are playing against the Celtics." To use "against" correctly。
it should be used to indicate a n of n or resistance.Any" is a determiner that is often used to indicate a lack of specificity。
For example。
"I will take any job that is available." However。
2021考研英语:完型填空的词汇搭配技巧考研英语备考很多事情都要提上日程了,看看哪些是该注意的,下面由小编为你精心准备了“2021考研英语:完型填空的词汇搭配技巧”,持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!2021考研英语:完型填空的词汇搭配技巧一、红花词和绿叶词红花词即为每次出现在试题里都会选,绿叶词就是屡次出现屡次不选。
比如说however,although,because,yet等属于红花词。
Since,now that ,what ,if only,in case 等都属于绿叶词。
对于绿叶词,根据考研英语要求特征,是不设置答案的干扰词,见到基本不选。
该类词有以下几种:(1)原因、时间范畴Since、ever since、now(that)、until (2)表“关于”的词 About、as to=as for、with regard to至于、关于、with/in reference to关于(3)虚拟语气系列词:条件句中的虚拟(对现在、将来、过去事实的虚拟);表“建议、命令、请求”等所有相关从句 suggest、recommend、propose建议、打算、require表“以免、以防、万一”lest、in case that、for fear that、or else等所有相关从句。
(4)不设考点的词which、what、that、as二、同义词原则在四个选项中,当两个或三个实词互为同义词时,答案往往在其中。
当两个或三个虚词互为同义词时,往往都不选。
当四个选项都有一个共同意思时,该意思往往不能入选。
三、固定搭配的考察主谓、动宾、主谓宾相一致的搭配要认知,并注意语境。
四、句法关句法即句子的语法。
掌握句子的语法也可以帮助我们解题。
看见more/less就想到than;看到as,就想到as;看到not so,就想到as;看到such,就想到as/that;。
【考研冲刺】完形填空的红花绿叶原则2012年11月11日08:07:24一、四分技巧:(与英语水平无关,人人可拿到4分)1、利用“红花绿叶”原则:(2~5道红花绿叶题/每年)⑴、红花词(必选的词):√,,,。
⑵、绿叶词(必不选的词):×①(11次),,,(不放在名词后,不引导定语和同谓语从句)。
②虚拟语气系列词:,(唯恐、以免、万一),,(否则、要不然)。
【的虚拟语气跟原】。
(表示与真实情况相反和不相符的情况。
①与过去情况相反,从句用过去完成时;②与现在情况相反,从句用一般过去时;③与将来情况相反,用 + V原形。
)(=I 但愿,要是),【注意: () 如果】③表示关于的词:、、、。
2、利用答案分布的规律:⑴、每篇完形填空中A、B、C、D作为正确选项的个数各在4—6个之间:8(2001):【A 5, B 5,C 5,D 5】9(2002):【A 5, B 5,C 5, D 5】10(2003):【A 5, B 4,C 5, D 6】11(2004):【A 6, B 5,C 4, D 5】12(2005):【A 5, B 5,C 5, D 5】13(2006):【A 6, B 4,C 6, D 4】14(2007):【A 5, B 5,C 5, D 5】可见,全部选A 得3分。
【评分时:没2.5分,都给四舍五入为3分。
】⑵、A作为正确选项的个数最多。
⑶、没有连续三个答案都一样的情况,连续两个答案都一样的情况为0—3个,相邻答案彼此都不一样的概率为17—20。
⑷、在五个一组的答案中,至少要出现三个字母作为正确的选项,在每组接缝处不会连续两个答案都一样。
【选项答案分布规律-对于阅读同样适用→阅读20个选项中:A、B、C、D分别平均5个。
】3、总结:◆得4分,方法:利用“红花绿叶”原则,可得至少1分+剩余题全部选A,可得3分=4分。
二、四分到七分技巧:(与英语水平有点关系,但是关系不大目标:7分)1、同义原则:※(4~7道同义词辨析题/每年)⑴、在四个选项中,有两个或三个实词(动、名、形、副)互为同义词时,答案往往在其中;※⑵、在四个选项中,有两个或三个虚词(介、连、感叹)互为同义词时,答案往往都不选;※⑶、当四个选项有一个共同意义时,该意义往往不能入选,要看选项的特殊含义。
考研英语完型填空-红花绿叶考研技巧考研英语完型填空红花绿叶考研技巧在考研英语的战场上,完型填空这一题型常常让众多考生感到头疼。
它不仅考查词汇量、语法知识,还考验对文章整体的理解和逻辑推理能力。
然而,别怕!今天就来给大家分享一套实用的“红花绿叶考研技巧”,帮助大家在完型填空中提高得分率。
首先,我们来了解一下什么是“红花绿叶”技巧。
简单来说,“红花”词是那些在历年真题中经常作为正确选项出现的词汇,而“绿叶”词则是那些很少被选为正确答案的词汇。
掌握了这些“红花绿叶”词,就能在做题时快速排除一些选项,提高答题的效率和准确性。
那么,哪些是常见的“红花”词呢?比如,while、although、however、yet 等表示转折、让步关系的词;such as、for example 等用于举例的词;in fact、indeed 等表示强调的词。
这些词在完型填空中出现时,成为正确选项的概率相对较高。
而“绿叶”词则有 since、now that、what 等。
当在选项中看到这些词时,要谨慎选择。
接下来,我们通过具体的例子来看看如何运用这些技巧。
假设完型填空的一句话是:“_____ the weather was bad, we still went for a walk”选项有 A While B Since C Because D Although 。
根据“红花绿叶”技巧,我们知道 since 很少作为正确选项,而 although 是常见的“红花”词,表示尽管,符合句子的逻辑,所以答案很可能是 D Although 。
再比如:“He gave many examples, _____ this one” 选项有 A such as B like C for instance D as 。
在这里,such as 是经常出现在正确选项中的“红花”词,所以答案很可能是 A such as 。
但是,大家要注意,“红花绿叶”技巧并不是万能的,不能完全依赖它来解题。
2020考研英语完型、新题型、翻译考场加分技巧点拨第一部分、完形填空红花绿叶原则及16条规律一、四分技巧:(与英语水平无关,人人可拿到4分)1、利用“红花绿叶”原则:(2~5道红花绿叶题/每年)⑴、红花词(必选的词):√However,although,yet,because。
⑵、绿叶词(必不选的词):×①since(11次),ever since,now that,what(what不放在名词后,不引导定语和同谓语从句)。
②虚拟语气系列词:if only,in case(唯恐、以免、万一),lest,or else(否则、要不然)。
【in case/lest的虚拟语气跟should+V原】。
(表示与真实情况相反和不相符的情况。
①与过去情况相反,从句用过去完成时;②与现在情况相反,从句用一般过去时;③与将来情况相反,用would/could+V原形。
)if only(=I wish但愿,要是),【注意:only if(=if)如果】③表示关于的词:as to、with regard to、with/in reference to、about。
2、利用答案分布的规律:⑴、每篇完形填空中A、B、C、D作为正确选项的个数各在4—6个之间:Passage8(2011):DADBA CDBBA BCBAC ADCDC【A5,B5,C5,D5】Passage9(2012):ADCBB ADDCB DAACB DACBC【A5,B5,C5,D5】Passage10(2013):ABCDC BDCADADBDC DBACA【A5,B4,C5,D 6】Passage11(2014):CDADA BCDABACDBA BBDAC【A6,B5,C4,D 5】Passage12(2015):CBACB ADADBCADCD BCDAB【A5,B5,C5,D 5】Passage13(2016):ABDAD CBCAACBDCC ABCAD【A6,B4,C6,D 4】Passage14(2017):BDACC DBABC ADACB DCABD【A5,B5,C5,D 5】可见,全部选A得3分。
态度题选项词汇归纳1.褒义词impartial,(公正的), rewarding(有回报的), appreciative (欣赏的),positive (肯定的, 积极的), optimistic (乐观的), useful (有用的, 有益的), admiring (赞赏的, 钦佩的), interesting (有趣的), instructive (有益的, 教育性的), enthusiastic (热心的, 热情的), supportive (支持的), support(支持), approval (赞成, 承认), approving (满意的), confident (自信的, 确信的), impressed (留下印象的), reverent (尊敬的), polite (有礼貌的, 文雅的)。
2.贬义词Apprehensive(担忧的), hostile (敌对的), dubious(怀疑的),intolerant (不能容忍的), negative (否定的, 消极的), pessimistic (悲观的, 厌世的), subjective (主观的, 个人的), disappointed (失望的), frustrated (失败的, 落空的), critical (批评的), questioning (质疑的), doubtful (可疑的, 不确的), compromising (妥协的), dissatisfied (不满意的, 不高兴的), biased (有偏见的), satirical (讽刺的), puzzling (迷惑的), suspicious (怀疑的), gloomy (令人沮丧的), scared (恐惧的), cynical (愤世嫉俗的), oppose (反对), opposition (反对), disgust (令人反感), disgusting (令人厌恶的), worried (闷闷不乐的), depressed (沮丧的), contemptuous (轻蔑的, 侮辱的), arbitrary/opinionated (武断的) 。
考研英语完型填空讲义(一)四分原则1、利用“红花绿叶“原则:红花词(必选的词):however、although、yet、because做好的方法是:先选择再检查绿叶词(必不选的词):since、ever since从那时到现在、now that、what;虚拟语气系列词:in case万一、lest、if only(=I wish)、or else;与“关于”意义有关的词:about、as to、with regard to、with/in reference to2、答案分布的规律:⑴、每篇完形填空中A、B、C、D作为正确选项的个数各在4—6个之间;⑵、A作为正确选项的个数最多;⑶、没有连续三个答案都一样的情况(查检),连续两个答案都一样的情况为0—3个;相邻答案彼此都不一样的概率为17-20(即相邻答案几乎不一样).⑷、在五个一组的答案中,最少要出现三个字母作为正确的选项,在每组接缝处没有连续两个答案都一样的情况;Eg.P48 2002年 21、29、31、35P52 2004年22、25、40、P56 2006年 7、18(so跟thus同意,选Cas)P60 大纲样题4、83、完形填空文章特点:⑴、文章字数:240—280之间;⑵、首段首句不出题,是主旨句(2001年除外),除首句外基本每句话都要出题;⑶、总分结构进行到底;⑷、每篇文章都有明确的主题和作者态度;⑸、逻辑关系非常明确:※五大逻辑关系:(按照考核频度排序)①对立关系(包括:转折、让步及其他);②因果关系;③并列关系;④总分关系⑤递进关系。
(二)四分到七分技巧1.同义原则2.逻辑关系原则3.表语原则4.复现原则5.杀熟原则1、同义原则:(每年考4到7个)⑴、在四个选项中,有两个实词(动、名、形、副)互为同义词时,答案往往在其中;⑵、在四个选项中,有两个虚词(介、连、感叹)互为同义词时,答案往往都不选;⑶、当四个选项有一个共同意义时,该意义往往不能入选,要看选项的特殊含义。
Run (及物动词是表:管理,操控)同义词一般都不选however然而,但是=otherwise否则,但是Above all 首先,尤其是(表并列)完形填空:一、见到很可能选的词:1、一代红花(很可能选):however(一定有逗号,然后看意思—前后相反)入选概率大于but,有类似用法的有:for example=for instance;though(仅当副词的时候可以放句中,前后加逗号,当连词不行)nevertheless(然而,不过),it turns out(其结果是,被证明是,放句中,前后加逗号)AlthoughYet表示“尚未”(用在否定句或疑问句)—反义—already(已经,用于肯定句)Still表示无变化的延续性Eg:the guests are already here. But the meat is not ready yet. It still has to be cooked for another five minutes.特:have you finished the work already?You are very speedy表惊奇Because(从属连词,引导从句)——for(并列连词,引导并列句)(1)位置:because既可以放句首,也可以放句中;for当连词时只能放句中,For当介词时可以放在句首,既其后跟着的是名词或名词短语,跟句子则不行。
从属连词放句中时前面不能加逗号,并列连词放句中时前面逗号可加可不加Because(只能选)it was raining,i was lateI was late,for it was raining(2)because连词(跟句子),because of介词(后接名词)(3)Because= in thatwhile(转折,让步,并列)(1)放句首,一般表“尽管”,引导让步状语while he has time,it doesn’t mean he has capacity and patience.(2)而,而且=whereas,表示对比的并列关系you like sports while i like read (3)可以引导省略句,从句主语和主句主语相一致,从句是系表结构,同时满足时,可以省去从句中的主语和系动词;he will go to school while( he is) ill. Eg: the phenomenon provide a way for companies to remain globally competitive while(the phenomenon is被省略了)avoiding market cycles and the growing burdens. 因为前是to,后是ing,不能用and并列。
完形填空红花绿叶词完形填空是英语考试中常见的题型,它要求考生根据上下文语境,在给定的空格中选择合适的词语,使文章衔接通顺,语意连贯。
其中,红花绿叶词是在完形填空中经常出现的一类词语,指的是修饰、补充或者替代名词、动词的一类词语。
本文将介绍红花和绿叶词的作用及常见用法,并举例说明。
红花词是指修饰、补充或者替代名词的词语。
它可以进一步描绘或者具体描述名词的特征或者性质,增添文章的表达力。
例如,在句子“I saw a beautiful, red flower in the garden.”中,"beautiful"是红花词,它修饰了名词"flower",进一步描述了这朵花的特征,使读者对这朵花有了更加直观的理解。
绿叶词是指修饰、补充或者替代动词的词语。
它可以进一步描述或者补充动词的行为或者状态,增加文章的细节或者感情色彩。
例如,在句子"He spoke confidently and fluently during the presentation."中,"confidently"和"fluently"都是绿叶词,它们修饰了动词"spoke",进一步描述了演讲者的表现,使读者对这位演讲者的印象更加深刻。
红花和绿叶词在完形填空中具有重要的作用,能够帮助考生选择正确的答案,同时也能够提高文章的流畅度和表达能力。
在解答完形填空题时,考生可以注意以下几点:首先,要仔细阅读题目并理解上下文的语境,确定空格所在句子的意义和逻辑关系。
其次,要根据句子的语法结构和上下文的逻辑关系,选择合适的词性和语义。
最后,要注意词与词之间的搭配和修辞关系,保持句子的语意连贯和修辞准确。
举个例子,假如完形填空的上下文是关于一个人赴约的故事,其中一句话是:"He arrived ______ for the meeting." 空格处需要填入一个绿叶词来修饰动词"arrived",帮助补充叙述人物到达会议的状态。
考研英语二红花词
考研英语中的“红花词”通常指的是那些在历年真题中频繁出现、对理解和解答题目起关键作用的高频词汇和短语。
这些词不仅包括一般意义上的核心词汇,也包括常在完形填空、阅读理解等题型中构成逻辑转折、递进、强调等重要语义关系的连词或副词。
对于考研英语二来说,“红花词”同样包括但不限于:
1. 高频逻辑连词:although, though, but, however, despite, in spite of, whereas, while, even if/though, no matter how, whether...or... 等。
2. 频繁出现在选项中或者文章中表达重要概念的实义动词、形容词及名词等。
3. 容易成为考点的固定搭配和短语。
由于具体的“红花词”列表会随着考试趋势的变化而更新,并且需要根据历年真题统计分析来得出,因此没有一个固定的最新版红花词列表可供直接引用。
考生备考时应当结合权威考研英语教材、辅导资料以及历年真题的统计进行重点记忆和学习。
供参考。
两大原则,力保四分第一:红花绿叶原则每次出现,每次都选的单词为红花词。
每次出现,每次都不选的词为绿叶词。
红花词(按排名):however,also,yet,while,because(一定背着,很重要)绿叶词:是见到后不选的词:排名第一的是:since,而且谁跟since谁倒霉,since家族都不选,同义词:eversince,nowthat一次都没选过。
还有绿叶词:what,它是著名的说和关系词,不选。
What不能跟在名词后,就不能引导定语从句和同谓语从句。
而定语和同谓语是考试的大热门。
所以它是个绿叶词。
还有两拨绿叶词,一个是涉及到虚拟语气的词。
而在考研的历年考题中却出现得很少,是因为考研完型填空选材因素,完型填空都选于比较严肃的话题,而虚拟语气不能适应严肃的场景,故出现得很少。
排第一的是:If only;要想了解这个词,还有only if ,only if就是if;但if only却不是only,only if既不是红花也不是绿叶。
If only用英文来解释的话,相当于I wish,相当于要是,只要,要是什么什么多好呀。
If only的用法,它的后面跟从句,从句的时态,如果与过去的情况相反,从句用过去完成时。
如果与现在情况相反,从句用一般过去时。
如果从句与将来的情况相反,从句用过去将来时,用would/could+动词原形。
If only或者I wish后面跟句子,它后面的句子都是过去时态,这也是是否选此词的依据。
如果不是过去时,直接排除!例 44 its economy continues to recover,44.[A] Even though [B] Now that [C] If only [D] Provided that所以不选CA variety of activities should be organized 35 participants canremain active as long as they want and then go on to 36 else without f eeling guilty and without letting the other participants 37 .35. [A] if only [B] now that [C] so that [D] even if所以不选还有in case,它等于lest,是唯恐,以免,万一。
考研英语红花绿叶词考研英语完形填空红花绿叶原则1.红花词汇(必选的单词) however although yet because熟词僻义(基本可以选) disposable(一次性)cry口号 subject(易遭受, be subject /to be subjected to) address解决 accommdate适应,容纳 company伙伴 in the wake of陪伴,伴随,随着 context 环境 average普通的 mean平均的,吝啬,小气 in question讨论的,探讨的 down沮丧,失望 put down归因于 put dowm to claim索赔abserve遵守career成就rare优秀的,杰出的value重视in perspective正确 put解释,说明 develop得病的得,患病的患 share 具有,拥有 perform起作用的起,做事情的做 affect some及合成词such as for example放句中,前后加逗号2.绿叶词汇(必不选的单词)①since(家族都不选) even since ,now that,what.②涉及虚拟语气的词汇(表示与现实相反或不相符的情况) if only 但愿. 与过去相反,从句过去完成与现在相反,一般过去时与将来情况相反would/could+v 所以用if only 最少是过去时.一般在文中很少选择,in case(唯恐,万一以免),lest,or else.(否则要不然)③表示关于的词as to,with regard to,about,with︱in reference to,3.概率原则:1.每篇完形填空中,A,B,C,D作为正确选项的个数在4-6之间。
2.A选项出现的次数最多,蒙一水的A。
3.没有连续三个答案都一样的情况。
连续两个答案都连在一起的答案0-3.相邻答案都不一样的概率17-20.4.五组答案中至少要出现3个字母作为正确选项,每组接缝处没有连续两个答案是一样的情况。
【一代红花词】however although yet because=in that while available/availability 【二代红花词】熟词僻义主词subjectdisposableaveragemeandevelop meet upon/on 熟词僻义adj./v.遭受n.研究对象(be subject to 贬义遭受...)adj.一次性的(disposable w orkers 临时工)adj.普通的;大众的(averageman 普通大众)adj.平均的(mean value 平均值)v.患(病)v.满足prep. 一...就基本释义n. 主题,主语,科目adj.可处理的adj.平均的v.意味着v.发展v.遇见;开会prep. 关于;在...之上perform functions 起作用/ play a part in扮演一个角色shape immediateclaim address accommodate companyin perspective downcrydraftside interpretation credit v.对...产生影响adj.直接的(the immediate relative 直系亲属)(the immediate superior 顶头上司)v.索赔v.解决;演讲v.适应(adjust to)v.陪伴(in the c ompany of 伴随着)正确地adj.失落的;失望的(let down 失落;失望;沮丧)n.口号n.草案v.支持(side with)n.口译;司法解释(interpret)v.归功于(credit sth to sb)形状,塑造adj.立刻的v.宣布;声称n. 地址v.容纳n. 公司用透视法的adj.下降v.哭n. 草图;草稿v.制定n. 边n. 翻译n. 学分;信用【三代红花词】affect for example such as something some 的合成词【绿叶词】since ever since now that what only unless In case if only or else about as t owithregardtoin reference toarare bird career put down to in question value share pictureturn around put message perform一个杰出的人 n.成就 v.归因于谈论到的 v.重视 v.具有 n.局面;情况(a big picture 整体;全局 ) v.使...好转 v.说;解释n.信号;主旨;中心思想 v.履行;执行珍禽 n. 事业;职业 v.放下 n. 价值 v.分享 n. 照片;图画v.转身;环顾四周 v.放 n. 信息 v.表演。
一、考研英语完形填空(一)红花绿叶词红花词however/but/yet/although/though; while/whereas; in spite of;no matter how; whether...or...even if/even though/even whenon the contrary; rather than;on the other hand;unlike(转折和让步---对比关系)becasue/as; so/therefore/thereby/thus/consequently; lead to/result from; because of/due to/owing to/on account of(因果)in fact/in effect/furthermore/moreover/in addition/besides; still/ also; indeed/furthermore(递进)so that/so...that...(目的和结果)and/or/as well as(并列)which/than/that(关系词)绿叶词if/providing/supposing; until/unless; as if/if only/lest; in casesince/now thatwhat/who/whomlikewise; forever; other than; but for补充:作为正确答案的高选频词汇Convert, reverse, respond, ignore, consume, identify, expect, maintain, increase, decrease…(动词)Substantially, significantly; incidentally, approximately; irregularly; exceedingly…; far/even/much 加强比较级(副词)Extensive; excessive; significant; reverse, particular; vulnerable/susceptible; available; identifiable…(形容词)Without; against; on; beyond; for(介词)二、考研英语阅读理解(一)观点态度词作者态度题:理解全文主旨大意,体会作者的语气,特别注意形容词的修饰。
语气客观的有保留的不那么绝对的选项为正确答案;绝对或极端的态度或与原文形容词矛盾的选项为干扰项(1)褒义词:positive, supportive, sympathetic(同情的), defensive, favorable, approval,reserved consent(有保留的支持), enthusiastic, optimistic, admiring, wonderful, hopeful, enthusiastic support(热烈支持), confident, 等(2)贬义词:critical, negative, tolerant, worried, suspicious, skeptical, opposed, pessimistic, gloomy, apprehensive(焦虑的), confused, puzzled, indignant, disgustful, biased, prejudiced, compromising, contemptuous(鄙视的), strong disapproval(强烈反对), cynical(愤世嫉俗的)等。
(3)中性词:objective, neutral, impersonal(不带个人色的), detached(超然中立的)indifferent, uninterested, subjective, uninterested, 等考研英语完型填空或阅读理解中的高频搭配(1)be vulnerable to 易受…影响be immune to 不受…影响;免受…be indifferent to 对…漠不关心be sensitive to 对…敏感be identical to 和…完全一样be similar to 和…相似be contrary to 与…相反be aware/conscious of 意识到…be ignorant of…不懂…be keen on/be fond of 喜爱…be tired/weary of 对…厌倦be bored with对…厌倦be proud of 以…自豪be ashamed of 对…感到羞愧be superior to 优于…,比…高级be inferior to 劣于…, 比…差be preferable to 比…更可取/更好be comparable to 可与…相提并论/相比be equivalent to 相当于…等值于…be parallel to 与…平行,类型于…be partial to 偏袒...偏爱...be bound for 前往...,开往...be bound to 一定be liable/apt/prone to 易于...be particular about 对...挑剔/讲究be curious about 对...好奇be mad about 疯狂于...be compatible with与...相容兼容(2)be entitled to 有权利...,有资格...be devoted to 致力于be dedicated to 献身于be committed to 忠于...;对...负责be addicted to 沉溺于...be attached to 附属于...be absorbed in 专心于...be engaged in 从事...be involved in 被卷入/参与...be concerned with 关注be concerned about 担心be acquinted with 熟悉...;了解...be reconciled with 与...和解be qualified for 胜任...,有资格...be fascinated with 迷恋...,痴迷于be related/linked to 与...有关be connected/associated with与...有关(3)belong to 属于resort to 诉诸comform to 遵守;符合comply with 遵守object to 反对oppose to 反对stick to 坚持cling to 坚持adhere to 坚持adapt to 适应respond to 回应react to 回应access to 进入;使用contribute to 促成;导致apply to 应用于subscribe to 订购;认同appeal to 呼吁;吸引comment on 评论remark on 议论;批评concentrate on 集中于;专注于focus on 集中于;聚焦于insist on 坚持persist in 坚持depend/rely on 依赖于count on 指望,依靠approve of 批准dispose of 处理掉abide by 遵守interfere with/in 干涉;干扰participate in 参与sweep across 横扫,席卷acquinte sb. with 使某人熟悉blame sb for 因...怪罪某人provide sth for sb=provide sb with sth 给某人提供compare...with... 把...和...比较compare...to... 把...比作....protect...from... 保护...不受...prevent/stop/keep/discourage/...from... 阻止...做... deter/hinder/hamper...from... 阻止...做...prohibit/ban...from... 禁止...做...dissuade...from... 劝阻...不要做...restrain/refrain...from...克制...不做... combine...with...把...和...结合起来integrate...with...把...和... 一体化;使...融入... trade...for...用...换取...replace...with... 用...替代...substitute...for... 用...替代...range from...to...在...和...范围内变动vary from...to... 因...而异,因...不同而变化remind sb of...提醒某人...accuse sb of...控告某人... charge sb with...warn sb of...警告...convince sb of...使某人相信...deprive sb of...剥夺某人的...inform sb of...通知某人...envy sb of...羡慕某人...suspect sb of...怀疑某人...(4)take actions/steps/meatures采取行动、步骤、措施take effect 生效take a course 修课程take shelter 躲避take turns 轮流take a road/route 走... 的路线make effort 努力take pains 努力,费心make use of 利用take advantage of 利用have an effect/influnce/impact on... 对...产生影响have faith in... 相信place an order for 订购,下订单place/put/lay emphasis(stress,value) on... 重视,强调give/attach importance(weight) to...重视,强调pursue a career 从事一种职业draw/withdraw money from a bank 从银行提取现金deposit money into a bank 往银行存钱run a risk/take a risk 冒险strike a match 划火柴strike twelve 报时issue a license/a policy/a new book/a password颁发;颁布;发行perform an operation/a play/one’s duty 做手术;演戏;履行义务seek an answer 寻找答案fasten seat belt 系安全带keep pace with 跟上keep in touch with 保持联系keep an eye on 密切关注keep a distance from 保持距离keep...in good condition/shape 保持...处于良好状态learn...by heart 记住...bear/keep...in mind 记牢,谨记take...into consideration/account考虑万能动词Perform=execute=conduct=carry out=implement=fulfill=do。