新世纪大学英语综合教程第二版习题答案_U

实用文档之"Unit One"Living in HarmonyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Completethe following sentences with them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)bunch2)amazed3)shift4)bundle5)drop6)capacity7)participating8)style9)commerce10)rob11)symbol12)appreciated13)displayed14)slip15)conquer16)roast17)figured2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do youunderstand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context?Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the formwhere necessary.▆Answers:1)in rich contrast to2)are exposed to3)risked his life4)rely on5)at knife-point6)stands out7)runs contrary to8)flag down9)picks/picked up10)took a gamble on11)pulled away12)pulled over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) out2) over3) back4) down5) over6) up7) out8) back9) down10) out11) up12) over13) back14) out15) down16) over2.Study the different meanings of the word “than” in the following sentences.▆ Answers for Reference:1)Action speaks louder than words.2)Production here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees Celsius.3)I like to keep things rather than throw them away.4)There is nobody here other than me.5)She’d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss.3.Word BuildingNow choose the Chinese meaning from Column B that matches each italicizedword in Column A. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) d.2) k3) n4) j5) a6) g7) f8) b9) o10) m11) p12) e13) c14) h15) i16) lGrammar in Context1.The –ing form and the infinitive form of the verbTask: Choose either the infinitive form or the –ing form of the verb in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences.▆ Answers:1) preparing2) to thank3) repairing / to be repaired4) to get5) studying6) being treated7) missing8) to reduce9)to leave10)worrying2.The –ed form and the –ing form of the verbStudy the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the –ed form and –ing form of the verb. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.Task：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, paying attention to the use of the -ing form and the -ed form of verbs.▆ Answers:1) kept nodding, rather confused2) Fallen leaves3) surprised, hiding4) Deeply moved5) following6) Being, interested7) located8) readingCloze▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1) relying2)intrigued3) penny4) for5) covered6) treated7) amazed8) contrary9) generally10)whatever11)invited12) attentive13) whereTranslation▆ Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.▆ Answers for Reference:1)The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gain publicity for his new film.2)He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the money his parents had left him.3)After winning the important game they hoisted their captain to their shoulders inshouting triumph.4)In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch out for collision of cultures.5)In the circumstances it was not surprising that there was trouble.6)The baby is the very picture of health.7)People have realized the dangers of exposing children to violence and sex on TV.8)We always had in mind for whom we were making the film.Theme-Related Writing▆Choose one of the following writing tasks and complete it after class.1) Write an essay (of about 250 words) about a memorable experience in whichyou helped a stranger or were helped by him or her.2) Write an essay (of about 150 words) about human relationships in oursociety. The following hints might serve as a guide:a. The problems existing in the relationships between people in our society.b. The negative results such problems may bring about to our society.c. What can you do to help establish a harmonious society as a student?▆Sample Essay for Task 1:One weekend morning, while walking on a bustling street with a light heart, I was suddenly overtaken by a startling moan. Turning around, I discovered the sound wascoming from a black mass in a co rner. “What’s that?” My heart pounded heavily. I wentup and saw a human being, alive but in a dreadful state. He was crouching on the ground with deformed hands and legs, mumbling something. He had obviously lost the normal ability to move and work. A dirty plate was placed in front the miserable-looking man, in which there were some coins and small notes.As my eyes were drifting away from him, his eyes caught mine suddenly. What eyes they were! Filled with misery and expectation, they were looking straight at me. He was unable to speak, but I seemed to hear his pleading voice and read his despairing mind. His look seemed to be telling me about his hard life and his longing for help. For a while,I was at a loss what to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate like some other passers-by or turn away in indifference? I recalled news reports about men pretending tobe beggars, who were actually healthy and able to work. Could this be another one of those scams? But the beggar was there, groaning and living. Then something seemed tohit me hard. I drew a five-yuan note from my pocket, dropped it in his dirty plate and walked away quickly in silence.“No good deed is too small.” Maybe we need to bear this saying in mind.▆Sample Essay for Task 2:We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold security bars。

Keys-Unit 6VocabularyI. 1.important event2. refill their hearts and minds with their cultural traditions3. the American beliefs; values and loyalties4. true demonstration of what happened5. brief experience or idea6. live in the way ofII. 1. took pride in 2. was immersed in 3. resonating with 4. had…been exposed to 5. in his mind’s eye 6. a glimpse of7. convey…to 8. turned…toIII. 1. fluency 2. enrollment 3. accessible 4. obtainable 5. personification 6. enlightenment 7. globalization 8. promptly IV. C; B; A; C; C; D; D; CV. 1. education instruction; illumination 2. available; attainable; accessible 3. tale; story 4. harmless; auspicious5. begin; start; commence6. tackle; face; handle7. comfort; relaxation; ease 8. immigrateVI. 1. literature 2. joined 3. motionless 4. more than5. quickly6. hasGrammarI. 1. why 2. where 3. when 4. where5. where6. where7. why8. whenII. 1. Sam knows where we are meeting.2. /3. Four o’clock in the afternoon is the time he always reads. /Four in the afternoon is when he always reads.4. /5. I don’t know the exact time I should meet him.6. The reason he resigned is still unknown.7. I remember the morning he first came to school.8. I’ll never forget the day we first met.III. more formal→less formal: 2; 3; 1; 4; 6; 5.IV. 1. When Mrs. Brown arrived home; she found that her flat had been robbed and all her silver had been taken. Enquires were made by the police to find out possible clues. The burglar hasn’t been caught yet but he is expected to be arrested before long.2. After a hideout for terrorists had been discovered yesterday a raid was carried out by the police and five terrorists were arrested. The police said more terrorists are expected to be arrested in the next few days.V. 1. shall 2. should 3. shall 4 would5. would6. will7. shall8. willTranslationI. 1. 虽然我没见过有人抬头看它一眼; 但打心眼里希望来自美国的旅游者能看到它并会心一笑;或者路过此地的法国人能想到悬挂它的日期和理由..2. 7月4日是一个这样的日子：我的美国心为孩子们对自己的身份一片空白而感到焦灼万分;这促使我想填补所有空白..3. 美国的校园枪击事件对我们的孩子来说是活生生的一课;让他们了解到千里之外那个社会丑恶的一面..4. 一方面;我们的孩子所面对的不和谐的文化差异比我们小时候要少;而且他们有更多的机会接触本族文化..II. 1. The hall resonated with the notes of the trumpet solo.2. I saw; in my mind’s eye; the pale face of the mother when she heard the news of her son’s death.3. The way he walks reminds me of the way his father used to walk.4. I mixed the dates up and arrived on the wrong day.5. Her heart swelled with pride when she learned that her daughter had been admitted by Oxford University.6. Theoretically speaking; the whole population should have direct access to information without waiting for hits being filtered by the government or the media.7. Democrats have launched a campaign to win women voters over in this presidential election.8. After he inherited his father’s estate; he was immersed in all kinds of sensuous pleasures.III. 美国人热情友好;不像许多外国人想象的那样浮于表面.. 人们认为美国人易动感情..在典礼上看到国旗或者参加庆祝美国昔日荣耀的游行时;美国人可能会热泪盈眶..与家人团圆或与朋友相聚时;他们也会十分激动..他们喜欢穿着得体;即使“得体”无异于奢华炫耀..他们爱说大话;虽然只不过是说说而已..他们有时会嘲笑自己;嘲笑自己的国家;有时候甚至过于自责;然而他们始终有着强烈的爱国之心..他们对日常琐事知之甚广;对自己所在的城市和州深为关切..然而;有时候外国人却抱怨说;美国人对外部世界漠不关心;一无所知..Exercise for Integrated SkillsI. People who identify themselves as members of a social group / acquire common ways of viewing the world / through their interactions with other members of the same group. / These views are reinforced through institutions / like the family; the school; the workplace; / and other sites of socialization / throughout their lives. / Common attitudes; beliefs; and values/ are reflected in the way / members of the group use language; / for example; what they choose to say or not to say / and how they say it. / Thus in addition to the notion of speech community / composed of people who use the same linguistic code; / we can speak of discourse communities / to refer to the common ways / in which members of a social group use language / to meet their social needs.II. 1. by 2. but 3. on 4. for5.although6. avoid7. ones8. celebrations。

THE KEY TO EXERCISES IN UNIT1 Book 2Words IN Action P201. 1. tackle2. alternative3. initial4. universal5. crippled6. genuine7. construct8. impressive9. shallow 10. react 11. generate 12. entitled 13. contact 14. constant 15. rough 16. captured 17. move 18. put2. 1. In any case 2. took hold3. root out4. count … against5. find it in myself to6. aware of7. do her wrong8. like it or notIncreasing Your Word Power P221. 1. cured2. heal3. treated4. cure5. treated6. heal7. treat2. 1. Action speaks louder than words. 2. The production here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees Celsius.3. I like to keep things rather than throw them away.4. There is nobody here other than me.5. She’d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for tha t boss.3. irresponsible ;indirect ;unable; immoral ;disagreeable ;unfortunate ;illogical unnecessary ;impolite ;disharmonious ;unaffected ;informalGrammar Review P241. 1. preparing2. to thank3. repairing / to be repaired4. to get5. studying6. being treated7. missing8. to reduce9. to leave 10. worrying2.1. kept nodding, rather confused 2. Fallen leaves3. surprised, hiding4. Deeply moved5. following6. Being, interestedCloze P251) harmonious 2) that 3) ironically 4) For 5) recover 6) go about 7) realize / remember 8) hardest 9) unfair 10) who 11) forgiveness 12) dealing with 13) emotionalTranslation P261. In life, our stupidest course of action is to cling too much to what we have and refuse to let go.2. I am willing to work in the IT industry, but have no idea how to go about it.3. Many people are aware of the importance of living in harmony with nature.4. Problems like the generation gap cannot be swept under the carpet.5. I never did understand what was eating away at her.6. He has been at peace with the world all his life.7. He did not speak out / say what he thought. For one thing, she might not understand. For another, he was afraid that she might not forgive him.8. As the years rolled by, he became increasingly interested in/ fascinated by Chinese culture. Theme-Related Writing P271) In my middle school years, I had a best friend. We talked about everything. And we loved singing songs together. Once, however, there was a bitter quarrel between us and we stopped talking to each other. It was obvious that both of us wanted to keep the friendship, but neither had the courage to break the ice. It went on like this for months. Then, one day we were asked to write about friendship. I wrote in my composition what friendship meant to me and the misunderstanding that had separated us. It was given the top mark, and I was asked to read it in class. When I ended my presentation with the words from our favourite song, my friend was singing along. All misunderstanding was cleared and once again we were best friends. To break down the walls between people is easy; all it takes is a little forgiveness! (150 words)2) We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold security bars; we do not talk to strangers, let alone go out of our way to help them; we live in fear of fake products. In short, fear and feelings of insecurity fill the environment we live in. All this greatly harms our society. Growing up in such an environment, we tend to feel isolated and care about ourselves only. If things go on like this, “trust”, “teamwork”, and “harmony” will eventually become terms unheard of. In my opinion, trusting others and being trustworthy are the two basic principles that we should follow if we want to improve human relationships. We may not be in a position to change others, but we can change the way others see us by winning their trust in us. Mutual understanding and love are the pillars that support a harmonious society. (151 words)Text BWord Detective P151.(1) f (2) d (3) a (4) j (5) h (6) b (7) e (8) i2.1. S 2. A3. A4. S5. S6. S7. A8. S3.1. a 2. c 3. b4. c5. aThe key to exercises in Unit 3Words in action P871.1. favourable2. discouraged3. consented4. neglect5. crept6. sufficient7. traced8. somewhat9. refresh 10. worthy 11. prospects 12. resolved 13. remarked 14. undergo 15. rewarded2.1. pack up 2. many a3. stays the course4. put to the test5. flooding in6. came across7. come up with8. plunged … in/into9. occurred toIncreasing your word powerP891.1.neglected2. neglectful3. colourful4. coloured5. rough6. tough7. worth8. worthy9. favourable 10. favourite 11. respectful 12. respectable 13. respective 14. considerate 15. considerableGrammar reviewP911. 1) was encouraging / encouraged 2) has lived 3) had worked 4) would spend 5) should go / go 6) would be 7) was waiting 8) was smiling 9) was going 10) got 11) missed 12) go 13) has helped 14) have discovered2. 1. will have stayed 2. had been lying3. have been enjoying4. has been5. were climbing6. will object7. does8. keepClozeP921) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage 6) matter 7) plunged 8) break 9) offered 10) dancing 11) cleared 12) welled up 13) stick 14) sacrifices 15) publishedTranslation P931. Rumor has it that his new book is based on a true story about a family in a small Tennessee town.2. He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work on the side to bring in extra cash / money.3. It's good to be confident, but there's a difference between confidence and conceit. / It's good to be confident about yourself, but there's a difference between self-confidence and conceit.4. Only those who stick it out can achieve success. Those who give up halfway will never realize their dreams.5. A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6. Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down.7. In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you (will) never learn.8. The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training.Theme-related writing P941) Li Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker's family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood. To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist. However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfect her skills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream. Just before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing competition. The first three winners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through her fingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is now studying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true. (156 words)2) In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or she should fully understand the basic elements of success: competence, determination and optimism. For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. The person needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Without competence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attract the attention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportunity and advancement. Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success. Often enough, things do not go the way we have planned and failure is unavoidable no matter how intelligent or capable we may be. In such cases one needs to remain firm and optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually pay off. If the person gives up halfway, success will never knock at the door. (149 words)Text BWord Detective P831. (1) d (2) g (3) f (4) e (5) b (6) h (7) a (8) c2.1. establish 2. creep3. resolve4. refresh5. occurrence6. surplus7. favourable8. remark3.1. work out 2. unused to 3. out of4. added to5. walk the streets6. came on / upon7. in the meantime8. get / have got the ideaThe key to exercises in book2-Unit 4Words in action P1181. 1. positive2. focused3. perspective4. tense5. shape6. address7. crises8. curse9. incredible 10. conversely 11. issue 12. ignored 13. outcome 14. rare 15. transform 16. accomplish 17. quit 18. rejected2. 1. (in) one way or another 2. have lived through3. makes a difference4. Give it a /another try5. concerned with6. slipped over7. pulled over8. in reverseIncreasing your word powerP1201.1. concerned2. Concerning3. reject4. declined5. unconscious6. subconscious7. former8. preceding9. raise 10. rise2. 1. does 2. make3. take4. do5. make6. Take7. done8. taken9. making 10. took3.d 1) socialism ;a 2) optimism; f 3) heroism; b 4)fascism;c 5) behaviourism; e 6) racism //visualize使形象化；使显现modernize使现代化popularize普及化；通俗化industrialize（使）工业化apologize道歉humanize赋与人性；使人性化systemize使系统化Grammar reviewP1221. 1. will be / is going to be / is to be, go, will hear / are going to hear2. are going to swim / are swimming / are to swim3. will be / is going to be/ is to be / to be, shall discuss / are going to discuss / are discussing / will discuss / are to discuss4. will be / is going to be / is / is to be, will be / are going to be / are to be5. will be opened / is going to be opened / is opened / is to be opened, will not be / is not going to be / is not, are to keep2. 1. are, will be; am changing, will be 2. have used3. will do4. shall / will be having5. will / are going to break6. would take7. will have turned8. should / would have got9. shall have been working 10. would be sitting / would sitClozeP1231) perspective 2) despair 3) necessity 4) perform 5) Conversely 6) prophecy 7) where 8) as 9) achieve 10) recognize 11) dealt 12) with 13) attitude 14) channels 15) concernedTranslation P1241.Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who can fully appreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.2. Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form / are formed and interact (with one another).3. I’d like to express my special thanks to everyone who has contributed over the years in one way or another.4. The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in success for the company.5. The war, although successful in military terms , left the economy almost in ruins.6. He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front of the TV set all day long.7. There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.8. She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others. Writing P1251) Dear Weihua, I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I've just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I'm now sending you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.• Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance. You will make it. • Yours,• Janet• (152 words)2) Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved. The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody. Gradually, people’s attitude will shift towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues. Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processes consciously.A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances will change accordingly. （169 words）Text BWord Detective P1131.(1) b (2) f (3) a (4) g (5) h (6) c (7) j (8) d2.1) transform 2) evidence 3) outcome 4) ignore 5) display 6) nonsense 7) concerning 8) tense3.1. admit into 2. consider yourself as 3. unworthy of4. To my horror5. in her mind’s eye6. in one way or another7. are / feel disposed to8. give it a tryThe key to exercises in book2- Unit 5TEXT AWords in action P1681. 1. visible2. variety3. function4. casual5. conventions6. guarantee7. infinite8. emerged9. dilemma 10. charm 11. internal 12. ounce 13. staff 14. consult 15. challenging2. 1. become of 2. run the (red) light3. shake off4. disapprove of5. show up6. inasmuch as7. make out8. inside outIncreasing your word powerP1701. 1. faked my signature2. would be / was addressing a meeting / would address a meeting3. their right to free speech had been violated.4. enforce them5. constitutes a major threat6. be restrained from doing too much heavy work / restrain himself from doing too much heavy work7. Here are some examples that can demonstrate8. generate a feeling / sense of accomplishment2. 1. regardless of 2. While / Though / Although3. as4. In spite of / Despite5. Though / Although / While6. as7. regardless of8. in spite of / despite9. disregard3. 1. empower 2. enable 3. encamped4. ensure5. entitled6. hardened7. has softened8. threatened9. frightened 10. hastenedGrammar reviewP1721. 1. where2. why3. who4. which5. when6. whose7. whom8. that / which9. whom2. 1. The girls whom he employs are always complaining about their poor-paying jobs. 2. He was educated at the local grammar school, after which he went on to Cambridge.3. This is John, with whose help I have finally come out of my financial trouble.4. We were shown pictures of an African village, which was threatened by growing poverty.5. She was dancing with a man who had a strange hairstyle. The man with whom she was dancing had a strange hairstyle.6. He paid me 10 dollars for washing 10 windows, most of which hadn’t been washed for at least a year. ClozeP1731) constitute 2) based 3) traits 4) which 5) simply 6) wonder 7) despite 8) dilemma 9) talent 10) function 11) interaction 12) issues 13) figures 14) who 15) characterTranslation P1741. He consults for our company and we often consult him when we encounter problems in our work.2. Don’t try to cheat —you’ll never get away with it .3. My father is always optimistic, regardless of the difficulties that he may face. He is a positive role model for us.4. This novel describes the ups and downs of a big family during China’s 1920’s and 1930’s.5. It is not enough to act in good faith . We also need to act reasonably.6. You may score good marks by burning the midnight oil before the exams, but in the long run you have to study hard every day to achieve academic excellence.7. Don’t stare at the computer screen for too long. Raise your eyes once in a while and look into the distance. 8. It’s to your advantage to learn from the mistakes of others.Writing P1751) A widespread belief in modern society is that with talent, personal effort and luck alone a person can succeed, regardless of character. However, history has proven over and over again that the morally defective cannot be truly successful, even if they at times enjoy some temporary glory. A typical example is found in the story of fourbrilliant Cambridge students. They were all talented and eventually worked their way up to very important positions in the British government, with one even ending up working in Buckingham Palace. During and after World War II, however, they betrayed their country by giving away national secrets to the Soviet Union, which damaged the interests of Britain in many ways. Eventually what they had done was uncovered. Three of them fled the country and ended up in exile; the fourth lost his knighthood in disgrace. “Intelligent” and “successful” as they once were, they are now remembered as traitors to their country. (157 words)2) As modern society advances, we are growing more suspicious of each other. This is clearly reflected in our reaction to advertisements. Instead of seeing advertisements as a source of reliable information, we tend to doubt the truth they claim and always assume that the producers are trying to trick customers into buying their products. One of the most serious consequences of such absence of mutual trust is the constant doubt and anxiety within our own minds. If we see everyone else as a potential enemy, we can no longer make new friends; if we regard all information passed on to us as lies, how can we make use of such sources effectively? Mutual trust is the glue that holds human society together. As students, we should try to foster mutual trust and help build up a moral society by our own deeds. If we are honest to others and foster mutual trust, we shall soon see the difference. (158 words) TEXTBWord detective P1641.(1) b (2) a (3) d (4) e (5) c (6) i (7) f (8) g2. 1. c 2. c3. a4. b5. c3. 1. pretty much 2. falling apart 3. in good faith4. to your advantage5. take it on trust6. In thelong run 7. get taken 8. once in a whileThe key to exercises in book2- Unit 7TEXT AWords in action P2301. 1. viewpoint2. conventional3. typical4. merely5. valid6. productive7. assess8. alter9. employment 10.convey 11. competent 12. objective 13. professional 14. reserve 15. shift 16. dismiss 17. personally 18. strengths 19. intense 20. norms2. 1. in reserve 2. To his credit3. In view of4. in person5. take up6. follow the herd7. assess / judge … on its (own) merits8. takes an … turnIncreasing your word powerP2321. 1. to2. on3. to4. about,of5. to6. on,with7. to,with8. on9. to 10. to2. 1. deep 2. total3. heavy4. high5. deep6. strong7. high8. heavy9. close 10. total3. trustworthy 可信赖的;sightseeing参观，观光;viewpoint观点;self-fulfilling自我实现的;good-looking漂亮的;light year光年; feedback反馈，反应;air force空军;fault-finding吹毛求疵的;guideline指导方针;sidewalk人行道;fast food快餐Grammar reviewP2341. 1. what2. whether3. whose4. whoever5. what6. where7. how8. which9. that 10. that2. 1. The children said (that) they had seen some of those animated cartoons. 2. John said (that) he knew he wouldn't be able to do it.3. Mary said (that) Joe couldn't have done such a thing, for he was such a conscientious young man.4. Last Friday Mary asked John whether / if he was going to plant trees with them the next day.5. He asked John how long he had been waiting for them.6. The old lady downstairs told us to be quiet after midnight.7. The monitor reminded us not to forget to take our notebooks with us.8. John remarked what a lovely house it was. / John remarked that it was a lovely house.ClozeP2361) being 2) who 3) essential 4) employee 5) role 6) goals 7) specific 8) common 9) on 10) line 11) mean 12) agree 13) offerTranslation P2361. We've worked together for a long time and have never let our differing opinions get in the way of our friendship.2. This agreement will pave the way for a lasting peace between the two countries.3. They usually don't mention their requirements until you are beginning to let your defenses down.4. You should have the courage to face your own mistakes. Don't try to shift the blame onto others when things go wrong. / … Don't try to shift the blame onto other shoulders when things go wrong.5. If you are more often than not affected by fear and worry, you will find this book very useful.6. Now that I have accepted the position, I shall certainly do to the best of my ability all that is required of me.7. If you don't have a plan of what you will do every day, chances are high that you won't do much.8. Great minds think alike. Your ideas are completely in line with his.Writing P237A team player is someone who can work well with other people in a team. But it is not enough just to get along with others. A true team player must be more positive and constructive than just following the herd; he or she must also be able to play an active part in decision-making. Our society demands team players because by gathering all our various strengths together, we can accomplish more in a shorter time. It is because of teamwork that most businesses are able to function properly. To become team players we must learn to compromise. When our views conflict with the general view of the team we must restrain our egos and listen to what others say. We should learn how to deal with criticism in a mature way; be honest and be aware of others' feelings. (144 words)TEXTBWord detective P2262.(1) j (2) d (3) g (4) f (5) b (6) i (7) e (8) a 2. 1. control 2. communicates3. change4. agreement5. polite3. 1) day to day 2) conventional wisdom 3) owned up to 4) at the very least 5) in private 6) pave the way for 7) gets his way 8) take in The hidden word: cooperateThe key to exercises in book2- Unit 8TEXT AWords in action P2621. 1. matured2. stuff3. identify4. convert5. classic6. shortcomings7. breeds8. stress9. maintain 10. impulse 11. pose 12. claims 13. identity 14. media 15. tap 16. reasonable2. 1. graduate with honours 2. fires herself up3. take … by the throat4. take action5. make an excuse6. in kind7. in the face of8. trying for9. nurse … throughIncreasing your word powerP2641. A. 1) mature 2) ripe 3) mature / ripe 4) ripe 5) matured B. 1) select 2) was elected 3) were selected 4) choose2. dreamer做梦的人，梦想家generator发电机；发生器achiever事业成功的人climber登山者operator操作员；接线员robber抢劫者，强盗supporter支持者，拥护者；赡养者defender 防卫者，拥护者//officer官员，军官guitarist吉他弹奏者physicist物理学者politician政治家，政客Brazilian巴西人socialist社会主义者historian历史学家biologist生物学家geologist地质学者mathematician数学家Grammar reviewP2671. 1) is 2) has 3) is 4) were 5) were / are 6) are 7) is 8) are 9) is 10) is2. 1) its 2) its 3) his 4) our 5) his / her 6) themselves 7) he or she / one 8) them 9) its 10) themselvesClozeP2681) discovered 2) intense 3) contributors 4) disadvantaged 5) achievement 6) fascinating 7) troubled 8) even 9) physical 10) who 11) with 12) lead 13) advantage 14) obstacle 15) refer Translation P2691. It is true that no one is perfect, but we can always do better.2. Mozart is often referred to as one of the greatest musicians of all time.3. Adversity comes to every one, but the quality of your life may depend in a large measure on how you tap into resources available to handle that adversity.4. When writing, you can draw on your personal experience for examples to help explain your ideas.5. Christmas is a little warmth in the depth of winter and a bright light in the dark.6. Sometimes we do get less when we go for more.7. It will only make your life worse if you refuse to forgive those who have done you wrong and be determined to repay them in kind .8. Many farmers claim that the vicious weather this summer has driven them to despair.Writing P2701)Throughout our lifetime we may encounter many adversities: unable to pay for the education, obstacles instudies and even physical disabilities. Whether we are rich or poor, intelligent or slow, adversity seems the constant companion of many of us. In the face of adversity there are typically two reactions: one is to feel frightened and run away; the other, to face it with courage. But what happens next makes a big difference between the brave and the cowardly. Some people turn away from adversity without even an attempt to make things better; while others, though frightened emotionally or disadvantaged physically, manage to shake off the initial fear and take hold of their bootstraps to pull themselves out of the bad situations they are in. We should choose the attitude of the latter because running away is not going to solve the problem. In addition, this attitude may lead one to acquire the habit of always thinking negatively and thus limit one's growth and development. (165 words)2) Resilience is a positive quality some people display when they meet unforeseen difficulties. Resilient people are able to judge reasonably the situation they are in, to make adjustments when necessary, and to remain confident even when the bad situation lasts long. Resilience is like the human muscle, it grows with use and practice; but if ignored, it will weaken. Resilience is both inborn and learnt. Some people who are naturally more open to others or slower to react to hardship have an advantage when trying to develop resilience. However, anyone with enough determination and applying the right method can do it, too. For example, learning something new and difficult is a good way to challenge ourselves. When we are forced to sit down and memorize hundreds and thousands of new words, our resilience is practiced and promoted. Resilience is a characteristic we all need and can develop. (147 words)TEXTBWord detective P2593.(1) d (2) f (3) g (4) c (5) a (6) b (7) e (8) j 2. 1. pressure 2. part 3. changed4. keep5. position 3. 1. thrown off balance 2. draw on 3. go for 4. in kind 5. by definition。

Unit OneLiving in HarmonyEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the followingsentences with them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)bunch2)amazed3)shift4)bundle5)drop6)capacity7)participating8)style9)commerce10)rob11)symbol12)appreciated13)displayed14)slip15)conquer16)roast17)figured2.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)in rich contrast to2)are exposed to3)risked his life4)rely on5)at knife-point6)stands out7)runs contrary to8)flag down9)picks/picked up10)took a gamble on11)pulled away12)pulled over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.CollocationsLook at the adverbs listed in the box below, and decide which adverb is needed to collocate with the verb in each sentence. Fill the correct adverb into the blank in the sentence. The same word may be used in more than one sentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) out2) over3) back4) down5) over6) up7) out8) back9) down10) out11) up12) over13) back14) out15) down16) over2.Study the different meanings of the word “than” in the following sentences.▆ Answers for Reference:1)Action speaks louder than words.2)Production here needs temperatures lower than 25 degrees Celsius.3)I like to keep things rather than throw them away.4)There is nobody here other than me.5)She’d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss.3.Word BuildingNow choose the Chinese meaning from Column B that matches each italicized word in Column A. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) d.2) k3) n4) j5) a6) g7) f8) b9) o10) m11) p12) e13) c14) h15) i16) lGrammar in Context1.The –ing form and the infinitive form of the verbTask: Choose either the infinitive form or the –ing form of the verb in the brackets to complete each of the following sentences.▆ Answers:1) preparing2) to thank3) repairing / to be repaired4) to get5) studying6) being treated7) missing8) to reduce9) to leave10) worrying2. The –ed form and the –ing form of the verbStudy the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the –ed form and –ing form of the verb. Reflect on its grammatical function in each sentence.Task：Complete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, paying attention to the use of the -ing form and the -ed form of verbs.▆ Answers:1) kept nodding, rather confused2) Fallen leaves3) surprised, hiding4) Deeply moved5) following6) Being, interested7) located8) readingCloze▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each is given. ▆ Answers:1) relying2) intrigued3) penny4) for5) covered6) treated7) amazed8) contrary9) generally10) whatever11) invited12) attentive13) whereTranslation▆ Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.▆ Answers for Reference:1)The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gain publicity for his new film.2)He took a gamble on starting a factory with all the money his parents had left him.3)After winning the important game they hoisted their captain to their shoulders in shouting triumph.4)In the rush to go for globalization, we should watch out for collision of cultures.5)In the circumstances it was not surprising that there was trouble.6)The baby is the very picture of health.7)People have realized the dangers of exposing children to violence and sex on TV.8)We always had in mind for whom we were making the film.Theme-Related Writing▆ Choose one of the following writing tasks and complete it after class.1) Write an essay (of about 250 words) about a memorable experience in which you helped a stranger or were helped by him or her.2) Write an essay (of about 150 words) about human relationships in our society. The following hints mightserve as a guide:a. The problems existing in the relationships between people in our society.b. The negative results such problems may bring about to our society.c. What can you do to help establish a harmonious society as a student?▆Sample Essay for Task 1:One weekend morning, while walking on a bustling street with a light heart, I was suddenly overtaken by a startling moan. Turning around, I discovered the sound was coming from a black mass in a corner. “What’s that?” My heart pounded heavily. I went up and saw a human being, alive but in a dreadful state. He was crouching on the ground with deformed hands and legs, mumbling something. He had obviously lost the normal ability to move and work. A dirty plate was placed in front the miserable-looking man, in which there were some coins and small notes.As my eyes were drifting away from him, his eyes caught mine suddenly. What eyes they were! Filled with misery and expectation, they were looking straight at me. He was unable to speak, but I seemed to hearhis pleading voice and read his despairing mind. His look seemed to be telling me about his hard life and his longing for help. For a while, I was at a loss what to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate like some other passers-by or turn away in indifference? I recalled news reports about men pretending to be beggars, who were actually healthy and able to work. Could this be another one of those scams? But the beggar was there, groaning and living. Then something seemed to hit me hard. I drew a five-yuan note from my pocket, droppedit in his dirty plate and walked away quickly in silence.“No good deed is too small.” Maybe we need to bear this saying in mind.▆Sample Essay for Task 2:We are living in a world of distrust. We live behind cold security bars; we do not talk to strangers, let alone go out of our way to help them; we live in fear of fake products. In short, fear and feelings of insecurity fill the environment we live in.All this greatly harms our society. Growing up in such an environment, we tend to feel isolated and care only about ourselves. If things go on like this, ‘trust’, ‘teamwork’, and ‘harmony’ will eventually become terms unheard of.In my opinion, trusting others and being trustworthy are the two basic principles that we should follow if we want to improve human relationships. We may not be in a position to change others, but we can change the way others see us by winning their trust in us. Mutual understanding and love are the pillars that support a harmonious society.Unit TwoOptimism and Positive ThinkingEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions3.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:18)positive19)startled20)perspective21)harden22)shape23)address24)crises25)curse26)incredible27)conversely28)issue29)response30)prior31)rare32)accomplish4.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1)get the hang of2)have lived through3)makes a difference4)have no idea5)concerned with6)slipped over7)ran into8)in reverse9)mull over▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Decide whether “do”, “make”or “take”is needed to complete each of the following sentences. Changethe verb form where necessary.▆Answers:1)does2)make3)take4)do5)make6)Take7)done8)taken9)making10)took2.In each of the following sentences you are given two confusable words or expressions in brackets.Choose the appropriate one to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)concerned2)Concerning3)reject4)declined5)unconscious6)subconscious7)former8)preceding9)raise10)rise3.Now match each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese equivalent in Column B. You mayconsult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1)d2)j3)k4)a5)b6)h7) c8)f9)l10)e11)g12)iGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTTask 1: When it is used as a conjunction, “as”can mean “when / while”, “though / although”, “since / because”, “in the way / manner tha t”, etc., and it can also be used in a comparative structure. Study the following sentences and explain the meaning of “as”in each sentence.▆Answers for reference:1)in the way /manner that2)though / although3)when4)since5)used in a comparison6)though7)while8)in the way thatTask 2: Complete the following sentences after the example by translating the Chinese into English, using “as” as a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1)as you describe / have described / described2)as concern every one of us3)As is well known4)As we all can see5)as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6)As is reported / announced in today’s papersClozeComplete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:1)p erspective2)d espair3)necessity4)p erform5)C onversely6)prophecy7)w here8)a s9)a chieve10)recognize11)d ealt w ith12)a ttitude13)channels14)c oncernedTranslationTranslate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for reference:1)Only those who have lived through a similar experience can fully appreciate this. / The only people who canfully appreciate this are those who have lived through a similar experience.2)Scientists have been hard pressed to figure out how these particles form/ are formed and interact (with oneanother).3)Those who have got the hang of Rubik’s Cube (Magic Cube) can return each face to consisting of one colour inno time.4)The individual success of the employees in a team environment results in success for the company.5)The war, although successful in military terms, left the economy almost in ruins.6)He decided to channel his energies into something useful, instead of being glued to / sitting in front ofthe TV set all day long.7)There’s a difference between strength and courage. It takes strength to survive. It takes courage to live.8)She was by nature a very affectionate person, always ready to give a helping hand to others.Theme-Related WritingDo either of the following two writing tasks. You may draw on some useful ideas and expressions from a variety of sources, such as the two texts in this unit or the Internet.1) Having read the two passages in this unit, you may have come to a better understanding of life and thetimes when pessimistic and optimistic thoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a letter of encouragement (of about 150 words) to one of your high school friends who failed in the college entrance examination. Tell him or her about your new understanding of the need to remain optimistic.2) The writers of the two texts in this unit convey to us the message that we need to look at the positive side ofanything that comes to us and that we need to take an optimistic and positive attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 words) to share your ideas with your classmates. The following hints may be of some help:a. What is meant by “thinking positively”?b. What is the connection between success and optimism?c. How can we keep an optimistic and positive attitude?▆Sample Letter for Task 1:Dear Weihua,I know you are still feeling upset about your results in the college entrance examination. I’ve just read an article about how pessimistic and optimistic thoughts can affect our behaviour and I’m now sending you a copy, hoping that it will help you step out of the shadows.Naturally, failing the college entrance examination can be very depressing, yet if you continue to dwell on the past, you will never be able to pick yourself up and focus on what is more important for now and the future. Life is full of trials and anyone may suffer setbacks. We must take an optimistic attitude towards the things we have to deal with. Optimism and positive thinking are powerful forces. Good things do come true if we picture them often. Please do have confidence in your potential. Just work hard and prepare for another chance.You will make it.Yours,Janet(152 words)▆Sample Essay for Task 2:Thinking positively means allowing your mind to be filled with optimistic feelings, and always hoping for the best though still aware of the difficulties that might be involved.The human mind is powerful; thoughts of optimism and pessimism can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. Though it might seem impossible to some, positive thinking and success actually have a cause-and-result relationship. The reason is that a person with positive thinking will always broadcast goodwill and confidence and that kind of radiating attitude will take a hold on everybody.Gradually, people’s attitude will shift towards more trust and respect. This not only opens up more opportunities for the individual, but it also feeds back emotionally, and the cycle continues.Though the shaping of a positive or negative personality often happens subconsciously, it is possible to control such processes consciously. A person can try visualizing favourable situations, whether it is remembering a contest won as a child or imagining getting that job offer so long sought after. Over time circumstances will change accordingly. (169 words)Unit ThreeThe Road to SuccessEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in ActionWorking with Words and Expressions5.In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this unit. Complete the following sentences withthem. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:a)favourableb)discouragedc)consentedd)neglecte)creptf)sufficientg)tracedh)somewhati)refreshj)worthyk)prospectsl)resolvedm)remarkedn)undergoo)rewarded6.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Do you know how to use them in theproper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:33)pack up34)many a35)stays the course36)put to the test37)flooding in38)came across39)come up with40)plunged ... into▆Increasing Your Word Power1.Listed in the box below are some unit nouns. Discuss their meanings and then complete the following tableby filling in the appropriate unit noun. The same unit noun may be used for more than once. Consult a dictionary if necessary.2.Words such as respectful, respectable and respective may cause confusion because they are similar eitherin meaning or in spelling. To communicate effectively, we need to pay special attention to such confusable words.▆Answers:1)neglected2)neglectful3)colourful4)coloured5)rough6)tough7)worth8)worthy9)favourable10)favourite11)respectful12)respectable13)respective14)considerate15)considerable3.Word BuildingMatch each of the English word in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:1) d. 2) i 3) l 4) a 5) k 6) o 7) p 8) b9)m 10) n 11) e 12) c 13) f 14) g 15) h 16) jGrammar in context1.Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to the subordinate clausesand connectives. Reflect on their grammatical function and then do the task that follows.Task: Fill in the blanks in the following sentences by choosing proper connectives from the box below.▆Answers for reference:1) what 2) whether 3) whose 4) whoever 5) what6) where 7) how 8) which 9) that 10) that2．Study the following sentences that appear in this unit, paying special attention to“the preposition + relative pronoun” structure. Reflect on their uses and then do the following task.Task: Complete the following sentences using a preposition and a relative pronoun.▆Answers for reference:1）of which 2) for which 3) in which 4) in whom5) of which 6) to which 7) for which 8) at whichClozeComplete the following passage with words and phrases chosen from Text A. The initial letter of each target word is given.▆Answers:1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) prospects 5) storage 6) matter 7) plunged 8) break9) offered 10) dancing 11) cleared 12) welled 13) stick 14) sacrifices 15) published Translation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1)Rumour has it that his new book is based on a true story about a family in a small Tennessee town.2)He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation work on the side to bring in extra cash /money.3)It’s good to be confident(about yourself), but there’s a difference between(self-)confidence andconceit.4)Only those who stick it out can achieve success. Those who give up halfway will never realize theirdreams.5) A true hero possesses / has courage, a noble purpose and a willingness to make sacrifices.6)Anyone who picks up this novel and reads the first paragraph will be hard pressed to put it down.7)In a sense, life is like swimming; if you keep holding on to the sides of the pool, you (will) never learn.8)The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the quality of education and training. Theme-Related Writing1) Write a narrative essay (of about 150 words) about your pursuit of a dream or someone’s experiences inmaking his / her dream come true.Sample essayLi Hui, my friend in high school, was born into a worker’s family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoon artist from her childhood. To her disappointment, her parents strongly opposed her career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they were worried about the job opportunities for a cartoon artist. However, Li Hui would not change her mind. She worked hard to perfect her skills and searched persistently for ways to realise her dream. Just before she finished high school, the chance came: a famous art school was holding a cartoon drawing competition. The first three winners would be given a scholarship to study cartoon drawing at the school. Li Hui told herself not to let the chance slip through her fingers. She readily participated and won the second place. She is now studying there and I feel certain that her dream will come true. (156 words)2) People may have different opinions about the key factors for success. Write a short essay (of about 150words) and share your opinions with your classmates.Sample essay:In my opinion, before a person becomes successful, he or she should fully understand the basic elements of success: competence, determination and optimism.For a person to succeed, he or she has to face great competition and excel in his or her chosen career. The person needs to demonstrate and prove his or her competence in dealing with problems. Without competence, the person can neither stand out among the crowd nor attract the attention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportunity and advancement.Yet ability alone cannot guarantee success. Often enough, things do not go the way we have planned and failure is unavoidable no matter how intelligent or capable we may be. In such cases one needs to remain firm and optimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually pay off. If the person gives up halfway, success will never knock at the door. (149 words)Unit FourBeing CreativeEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▇Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) objective2) current3) adopt4) exhibit5) capture6) integrated7) outstanding8) strategies9) convince10) striving/strive11) diagnosed12) side13) spaced14) thick15) painful16) eventually17) fascinating18) confidence19)label20) creations2.In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand their meanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.■Answers:1) at rest2) dropped out3) drying out4) drop in5) dawned on6) falls away7) drowned out8) on the sidelines9) falling out10) start over11) lose faith12) sign off▆ Increasing Your Word PowerFill in each blank in the following sentences with a proper preposition given in the box.▆ Answers:1) with2) to3) with4) on5) at6) with7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) for12）toStudy the use of but in different contexts and then do the task that follows.▆ Answers for reference:1) What can we do but sit and wait for a passing car to bring us to a city nearby?2)He lied to the court not just once, but on several occasions.3)“Gone with the Wind” was/is a great movie, but it was/is a little long.4) I had/have no choice but to accept the challenge.5) The situation looked/looks desperate, but they didn’t/don’t want to give up.6）But for these interruptions, the meeting would have finished earlier.7）Who else but John would have played a trick like that?8）She was the best singer in China at that time. I could not but admire her.9）The machines we bought were cheap, but they went quite well.10）Because he had/has a sore throat he was/is unable to swallow anything but liquids. Word BuildingMatch each of the English words in Column A with its Chinese meaning in Column B.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆ Answers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f10) c11) m12) d13) a14) eGrammar in ContextTask 1: Fill in each blank in the following sentences with the proper form of the verb given in brackets, paying special attention to the use of the active voice and the passive voice.▆ Answers:1) be done away with2) is / gets punished3) being erected4) Having been ignored5) believing6) to have sent7) be looked up8) speak / speaking9) being interviewed10) takenTask 2. Translate the following sentences into Chinese, paying special attention to the differences in the choice of the verb voice.▆ Answers for Reference:1）杰克，有你的电话。

新世纪大学英语系列教程第2版综合教程课后题答案Unitone LiVi ng in Harm OnyEnhanCe Your Lan guage AWare nessWords in Actio n■ Worki ng With Words and EXPreSSi ons1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this Un it.Complete the followi ng Senten CeS With them. Change the form Where n ecessary.■ An swers:1)bun Ch2)amazed3)Shift4)bun dle5)drop6)CaPaCityPartiCiPat7)ing8)style9)COmmerCe10)rob11)symbol12)appreciated13)displayed14)slip15)conqUer16)roast17)figured2. In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned inthis Unit. Do you Understand their meanings? Do you know how to USe themin the PrOPer con text? Now CheCk for yourself by doing thebla nk-filli ng exercise. Change the form Where n ecessary.■ An swers:1)in rich con2)are exposed to3)risked his life4)rely onat kni fe-po5)int6)Sta nds outruns con trary7)to8)flag dow n9)picks/PiCked UP10)took a gambleon11)pulled away12)pulled over■ In CreaS ing Your Word Power1. CollocatiOnSLook at the adverbs IiSted in the box below, and decide WhiCh adverb is n eeded to collocate With the Verb in each Senten ce. Fill theCOrreCt adverb into the blank in the Sentence. The Same word may beUSed in more than OneSentence. Consult a dictionary if necessary.■ An swers:1) out2) over3) back4) dow n5) over6) UP7) out8) back9) down10) out11) UP12) over13) back14) Out15) dow n16) over2. StUdy the different meanings of the word “than ” in the followingSenten ces.■An SWerS for Refere nce:1) ACti on SPeakS louder tha n words.2) PrOdUCti on here n eeds temperatures lower tha n 25 degrees Celsius.3) I like to keep thi ngs rather tha n throw them away.4) There is n obody here other tha n me.5) She' d rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss.3. Word BUiIdingNow choose the Chin ese meaning from Colu mn B that matches each italicized word in Column A. You mayconsult a dictionary if necessary.■An swers:1) d.2) k3) n4) j5) a6) g7) f8) b9) o10) m11) P12) e13) C14) h15) i16) lGrammar in Con text1. The — ing form and the infinitive form of the VerbTask: Choose either the infinitive form Or the — ing form Of the Verbin the brackets to complete each of the followi ng Senten ces.■An swers:1) PrePari ng2) to tha nk3) repairi ng / to be repaired4) to get5) StUdy ing6) being treated7) miss ing8) to reduce9) to leave10) worry ing2. The — ed form and the — ing form of the VerbStudy the following SentenCeS that appear in this Unit, Paying SPeCiaI atte nti on to the — ed form and — ing form of the verb. RefIeCt on its grammatical fun Cti on in each Senten ce.Task： Complete the following SentenCeS by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, Paying attention to the USe of the -ing form and the -ed form of verbs.■An swers:1) kept no ddi ng, rather con fused2) Falle n IeaVeS3) surprised, hid ing4) DeePIy moved5) follow ing6) Being, in terested7) located8) read ingCloze■Complete the followi ng PaSSage With words chose n from TeXt A. The in itial letter of each is give n.■An swers:1) relyi ng2) in trigued3) Penny4) for5) CoVered6) treated7) amazed8) Con trary9) gen erally10) WhateVer11) in Vited12) atte ntive13) WhereTran slati On■ Tran slate the followi ng Senten CeS into En glish, USing the words give n in brackets .■An SWerS for Refere nce:1) The rumor about his divorce is just a ploy to gain PUbIiCity for hisnew film.2) He took a gamble on Starting a factory With all the moneyhis Parentshad left him.3) After Winning the important gamethey hoisted their CaPtain to theirshoulders in ShOUting triumph.4) In the rush to go for globalization, We should WatCh out for collision of cultures.5) In the CirCUmStances it WaS not SUrPriSing that there WaS trouble.6) The baby is the Very PiCtUre of health.7) People have realized the dan gers of expos ing ChiIdre n to viole nceand SeX on TV.8) We alWays had in mi nd for Whom We Were maki ng the film.Theme-ReIated Writ ing■Choose one of the folloWing Writing tasks and complete it afterclass.1) Write an essay (Of about 250 WordS) about a memorable experie nce in WhiCh you helped a Stra nger or Were helped by him or her.2) Write an essay (of about 150 WOrdS) about human relationships in our society. The followi ng hints might SerVe as a guide:a. The problems exist ing in the relati on ShiPS betwee n people in oursociety.b. The negative results SUCh problems may bring about to our society.c. What Can you do to help establish a harmonious SOCiety as a StUdent?■ SamPIe ESSay for TaSk 1:Oneweekend morning, while walking on a bustling Street With a light heart, I WaS SUdde nly OVertake n by a StartIi ng moan. TUrning around, I discovered the sound wascoming from a black mass in a corner. “Whaf S that? ” My heart pounded heavily. I Went UP and SaW a human being, alive but in a dreadful state. He WaS CrOUChing on the groUnd With deformed handsand legs, mumbling SOmething. He had obviously lost the normal ability to moveand work. A dirty plate WaS PIaCed in front the miserable-lookingman, in WhiCh there Were somecoins and small notes.AS myeyes Were drifting awayfrom him, his eyes CaUght mine SUddenly. What eyes they were! Filled With misery and expectati on, they Were looking Straight at me. He WaS Un able to speak, but I Seemed to hear his plead ing voice and read his despairi ng mind. HiS look Seemed to be telling meabout his hard life and his IOnging for help. For a while, I WaS at a loss What to do. Should I drop some coins in the plate like some other passers-by or turn away in in differe nce? I recalled n ews reports about men Prete nding to be beggars, who Were actually healthy and able to work. Could this be ano ther one of those scams? BUt the beggar WaS there, groa ning and liv ing. Then SOmethi ng Seemed to hit mehard. I drew a five-yuan note from mypocket, dropped it in his dirty plate and WaIked away quicklyin sile nce.“ No good deed is too small. ” Maybe We need to bear this Saying in mind.■SamPIe ESSay for TaSk 2:Weare Iiving in a world Of distrust. WdiVe behind Cold SeCUrity bars;We do not talk to Strangers, let alone go out of our Way to help them;We live in fear of fake products. In short, fear and feelings of inSeCUrity fill the en Vir Onment We live in.All this greatly harms our society. Growing UP in SUCh an enVirOnment, We tend to feel isolated and Care only about ourselves. If things go onlike this, ‘ trust ' , ‘teamwork' , and ‘ harmony' will eventually becometerms Un heard of.In my opinion, trusting OtherS and being trustworthy are the two basic Prin CiPIeS that We should follow if We Want to improve huma nrelati on ships. We may not be in a POSiti on to Cha nge others, but We Can Cha nge the Way OtherS See US by Winning their trust in us. MUtUaI Understanding and love are the pillars that SUPPOrt a harm onious society.Unit TwoOPtimiSm and POSitiVe Thi nkingEnhanCe Your Lan guage AWare nessWords in Actio n■Worki ng With Words and EXPreSSi ons3. In the box below are someof the words you have learned in this Unit.Complete the followi ng Senten CeS With them. Change the form Where n ecessary.■ An swers:18) POSitiVe19) StartIed20) PerSPeCtiVe21) harden22) ShaPe23) address24) CriSeS25) CUrSe26) inCredibIe27) ConVersely28) issue29) respOnSe30) prior31) rare32) accomplish4. In the box below are some of the expressiOnS you have learned inthis Unit. Do you Understand their meanings? Do you know how to USe them in the PrOPer con text? Now CheCk for yourself by doing the bla nk-filli ng exercise. Change the form Where n ecessary.■An swers:1) get the hang of2) have lived through3) makes a difference4) have no idea5) COnCerned With6) SIiPPed over7) ran into8) in reverse9) mull over■In CreaS ing Your Word Power1. DeCide Whether “do” ,“ makW' or “ take ” is needed to completeeach of the followi ng Senten ces. Change the Verb form Wheren ecessary.■An swers:1) does2) make3) take4) do5) make6) Take7) done8) taken9) making10) took2. In each of the follow ing senten CeS you are give n two Con fusablewords or expressiOnS in brackets. Choosethe appropriate One to fill in the blank. You may consult a dictionary if necessary.■An swers:1) COnCerned2) COnCerning3) reject4) declined5) unconSCiOUS6) SUbConSCiOUS7) former8) PreCeding9) raise10) rise3. Now match each of the English word in Column A With its Chineseequivale nt in Colu mn B. You may con sult a dictio nary if n ecessary.■An swers:1) d2) j3) k4) a5) b6) h7) C8) f9) l10) e11) g12) iGRAMMAR IN CoNTEXTTaSk 1: Whent is USed as a ConjunCtion, “as” Can mean “When/ while ”，“though / although ” , “since / because” , “in the Way /mannerthat ” , etc., and it Can also be USed in a COmParatiVe structure.StUdy the follow ing senten CeS and expla in the meaning of“ as ”in each Senten ce.■An SWerS for refere nce:1) in the Way /manner that2) though / although3) When4) SinCe5) USed in a COmPariSOn6) though7) While8) in the Way thatTaSk 2: Complete the follow ing senten CeS after the example by translating the Chinese into English, USing “ as” as a relativepronoun.■An SWerS for refere nce:1) as you describe / have described / described2) as COnCern every one of US3) AS is Well known4) AS We all Can See5) as you show / as you have shown for your teacher6) AS is reported / announCed in today ' S PaPerSClozeComplete the followi ng PaSSage With words chose n from this Un it. The in itial letter of each is give n.■An swers:1) PerSPeCtiVe2) despair3) n ecessity4) PerfOrm5) Co nv ersely6) prophecy7) Where8) as9) achieve10) recog nize11) dealt With12) attitude13) Channels14) ConCernedTran slatio nTranslate the following SentenCeS into English, USing the words andexpressi ons give n in brackets.■An SWerS for refere nce:1) Only those who have lived through a SimiIar experience Can fullyappreciate this. / The onIy people who Can fully appreciate this are those who have lived through a SimiIar experie nce.2) SCientists have been hard PreSSed to figure out howthese PartiCIeSform/ are formed and in teract (With one ano ther).3) Those WhOhaVe got the hang of RUbik' S CUbe(MagiC CUbe) Can return eachface to conSiSting of one colour in no time.4) The in dividual SUCCeSS of the employees in a team en Vir Onmentresults in SuCCeSS for the ComPa ny.5) The war, although SUCCeSSfUI in military terms, left the economy almostin ruins.6) He decided to Cha nnel his en ergies in to SOmethi ng useful, in Steadof being glued to / Sitting in front of the TV Set all day long.7) There' S a difference between Strength and Courage. It takes Stre ngthto survive. It takes COUrage to live.8) She WaS by n ature a Very affeCti on ate PerS on, always ready to givea help ing hand to others.Theme-ReIated Writ ingDo either of the following two Writing tasks. You may draw on some USefUI ideas and expressi ons from a Variety of SOUrCes, SUCh as the two texts in this Unit or the Intern et.1) HaVing read the two PaSSageS in this Un it, you may have come to a betterUnderstanding of life and the times When PeSSimiStiC and OPtimiStiCthoughts take turns to affect your behaviour. Write a Ietter of enCOUrageme nt (of about 150 WOrdS) to one of your highschool friends who failed in the college entrance exam in atio n. Tell him or her about your new Un dersta nding of the n eed to rema inOPtimistic.2) The WriterS of the two texts in this Un it COnVey to US the message thatWe n eed to look at the POSitiVe Side of any thi ng that comes toUS and that We need to take an OPtimiStiC and POSitiVe attitude toward life. Write an essay (of about 150 WOrdS) to Share your ideas With your classmates. The followi ng hi nts may be of some help:a. What is meant by “thinking POSitiVeIy ” ?b. What is the conn ecti on betwee n SUCCeSS and optimism?c. How Can We keep an OPtimiStiC and POSitiVe attitude?■ SamPIe Letter for TaSk 1:Dear WeihUa,I know you are still feeling UPSet about your results in the college entrance exam in atio n. I ' Ve just read an article about how PeSSimiStiC and OPtimiStiC thoughts Can affect our behaviour and I ' m now sendingyou a copy, hop ing that it will help you SteP out of the shadows.Naturally, faili ng the college entrance exam in ati on Can be Very depressing, yet if you COntinUe to dwell on the past, you will never beable to PiCk yourself UP and focus on What is more importa nt for nowandthe future. Life is full of trials and anyone maysuffer setbacks. WemUSt take an OPtimiStiC attitude towards the things We have to deal with. OPtimiSm and POSitiVe thinking are POWerfUI forces. Good things do cometrue if We PiCtUre them ofte n. PIeaSe do have con fide nce in your pote ntial. JUSt work hard and PrePare for ano ther Cha nce.You will make it.Y ours,Janet(152 WOrdS)■ SamPIe ESSay for TaSk 2:Thinking POSitiVeIy means allowing your mind to be filled With OPtimiStiC feelings, and always hoping for the best though still awareof the difficulties that might be invo Ived.The humanmind is powerful; thoughts of OPtimiSm and PeSSimiSm Can be a self-fulfilling prophecy. ThOUgh it might Seemimpossible to some, POSitiVe th inking and SUCCeSS actually have a CaUSe-a nd-result relatio nship. The reas on is that a PerS on With POSitiVe thinking will always broadcast goodwill and con fide nce and that kind of radiati ng attitude will take a hold on everybody.Gradually, people ' S attitude will Shift towards more trust and respect. ThiS not only ope ns UP more opport Un ities for the in dividual, but it also feeds back emoti on ally, and the cycle COntinU es.ThOUgh the ShaP ing of a POSitiVe or n egative PerS on ality ofte n happens SUbConSCiOUSly, it is POSSibIe to control SUCh PrOCeSSeS consciously. A PerSon Can try ViSUaIiZing favourable SitUations, Whether it is rememberi ng a con test won as a child or imagi ning gett ing that job offer so long SOUght after. OVer time CirCUmStances will Change accord in gly. (169 WOrdS)Unit ThreeThe Road to SuCCeSSEnhanCe Your Lan guage AWare nessWords in Actio nWorki ng With Words and EXPreSSi OnS5. In the box below are some of the words you have learnt in this Unit.Complete the followi ng Senten CeS With them. Change the form Wheren ecessary.■An swers:a) favourableb) discouragedC) COnSen tedd) neglecte) CrePtf) SUffiCie ntg) tracedh) SOmeWhati) refreshj) WOrthyk) PrOSPeCtSl) resolvedm) remarkedn) Un dergoo) rewarded6. In the box below are someof the words you have learned in this Unit. Doyou know how to USe them in the PrOPer con text? Now CheCk for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Changethe form Where n ecessary.■An swers:33) PaCk UP34) many a35) StayS the COUrSe36) Put to the test37) flooding in38) Came across39) come UP With40) PIUnged ... into■ In CreaS ing YoUr Word Power1. LiSted in the box below are someunit nouns. DiSCUSS their meanings andthen complete the following table by filling in the appropriateUnit noun. The SameUnit noun maybe USed for more than once. Consult a dicti onary if n ecessary.■ An swers:2. Words SUCh as respectful , respectable and respective may CaUSe confusionbecause they are SimiIar either in meaning or in spelling.To com muni Cate effectively, We n eed to Pay SPeCiaI atte ntio n to SUChcon fusable words.■ An swers:1) n eglected2) n eglectful3) colourful4) coloured5) rough6) tough7) worth8) WOrthy9) favourable10) favourite11) respectful12) respectable13) respective14) ConSiderate15) ConSiderabIe3. Word BUiIdingMatCh each of the English word in Column A With its Chinese meaningin Column B. You may Consult a dictionary if necessary.■An swers:1) d. 2) i 3) l 4) a 5) k 6) o 7) P 8) b9) m 10) n 11) e 12) C 13) f 14) g 15) h 16) jGrammar in con text1. StUdy the following SentenCeS that appear in this Unit, PayingSPeCiaI atte nti on to the SUbOrd in ate CIaUSeS and conn ectives.RefIeCt on their grammatical funCtion and then do the task thatfollows.Task: Fill in the blanks in the following SentenCeS by choosing PrOPerconn ectives from the box below.■An SWerS for refere nce:1) What 2) Whether 3) whose 4) WhOeVer 5)What6) Where 7) how 8) WhiCh 9) that 10)that2. StUdy the following SentenCeS that appear in this Unit, PayingSPeCiaI atte ntio n to “ the PrePOSiti on + relative pronoun ”structure. RefIeCt on their USeS and then do the following task.Task: Complete the following SentenCeS USing a PrePOSition and a relative pronoun.■An SWerS for refere nce:1) of WhiCh 2) for WhiCh 3) in WhiCh 4) in whom5) of WhiCh 6) to WhiCh 7) for WhiCh 8) atWhiChClozeComplete the following PaSSage With words and PhraSeS chosen from TeXtA. The in itial letter of each target word is give n.■An swers:1) for 2) aware 3) affair 4) PrOSPeCtS 5) StOrage 6) matter7) Plun ged 8) break9) Offered 10) dancing 11) CIeared 12) welled 13) StiCk 14) SaCrifiCeS 15) PUbIiShedTran slatio n1. Translate the following SentenCeS into English, USing the words and expressi ons give n in brackets.■An SWerS for refere nce:1) RUmOUr has it that his new book is based on a true story about a familyin a small Tenn essee tow n.2) He teaches in a middle school, but he does some translation workon the Side to bring in extra CaSh / mon ey.3) It 's good to be con fide nt (about yourself), but there 's a differe ncebetwee n (Self-)c on fide nce and con ceit.4) Only those who StiCk it out Can achieve success. Those who give UPhalfway will n ever realize their dreams.5) A true hero POSSeSSeS / has courage, a noble PUrPOSe and a willi ngn essto make SaCrifiCeS .6) AnyOne who PiCkS UP this noVel and reads the first ParagraPh will behard PreSSed to PUt it dow n.7) In a Sense, life is like SWimming; if you keep holding on to theSideS of the pool, you (will) n ever lear n.8) The future of a nation depends in a large measure upon the qualityof educatio n and training.Theme-ReIated Writ ing1) Write a n arrative essay (of about 150 WOrdS) about your PUrSUit ofa dream or some one ' S experie nces in making his / her dream cometrue.SamPIe essayLi Hui, my friend in high school, WaS born into a Worker ' S family. She began to dream of becoming a cartoOn artist from her childhood. Toher disappo in tme nt, her Pare nts stron gly opposed her Career choice, because the cost of her education would be too high for the poor family, and they Were WOrried about the job opportUnities for a cartoon artist. However, Li HUi would n ot Cha nge her mi nd. She WOrked hard to PerfeCther skills and SearChed PerSiStently for WayS to realise her dream. JUSt before She fini Shed high school, the Cha nce came: a famous art school washolding a cartoon drawing COmPetition. The first three Winners wouldbe give n a scholarship to StUdy carto on draw ing at the school. Li HUi told herself not to let the Cha nce slip through her fin gers. She readily PartiCiPated and won the SeC ond place. She is now StUdy ing there and I feel Certain that her dream will come true. (156 WOrdS)2) People mayhave different opinions about the key factors for success.Write a short essay (of about 150 WOrdS) and Share your opinions With your classmates.SamPIe essay:In my opinion, before a PerSon becomes successful, he or She shouldfully Un dersta nd the basic eleme nts of success: COmPete nce,determ in ati on and optimism.For a PerSon to succeed, he or She has to face great COmPetition and excel in his or her chose n career. The PerS on n eeds to dem on Strate and prove his or her COmPetence in dealing With problems. WithOUt COmPetence, the PerSon Can neither Stand out among the crowd nor attract theattention of those who hold the keys to the doors of opportUnityand advanceme nt.Yet ability alone CannOt guara ntee success. Often eno ugh, thi ngs do not go the Way We have planned and failure is Unavoidable no matter how in tellige nt or CaPabIe We maybe. In SUCh CaSeS one n eeds to rema in firm and OPtimistic, always believing that hard work will eventually Pay off.If the PerSOn gives UP halfway, SuCCeSS will never knock at the door.(149 WOrdS)EnhanCe Your Lan guage AWare nessWords in Actio n■Worki ng With Words and EXPreSSiO ns1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have lear ned in this Unit.Change Complete the following SentenCeS With the words given. theform Where n ecessary.■An swers:1) ObjeCtiVe2) CUrre nt3) adopt4) exhibit5) CaPtUre6) in tegrated7) OUtSta nding8) StrategieS9) COnVinCe10) StriV in g/strive11) diag no Sed12) Side13) SPaCed14) thick15) Pai nful16) eve ntually17) fasc in at ing18) con fide nce19) label20) Creati ons2. In the boxes below are some of the expressi ons you have lear ned in thisUn it. Do you Un dersta nd their meanin gs? Do you know how to USe them in the PrOPer con text? Now CheCk for yourself by doing thebla nk-filli ng exercise. Change the form Where n ecessary.■An swers:1) at rest2) dropped Out3) dry ing out4) drop in5) daw ned on6) falls away7) drow ned out8) on the SideIi nes9) falling out10) Start over11) lose faith12) Sign off■In CreaS ing Your Word PowerFill in each blank in the following SentenCeS WithPrePOSiti on give n in the box.■An swers:1) With2) to3) With4) on5) at6) With7) from8) beyond9) from10) on11) for12) to1. StUdy the USe of but in differe nt con texts and the n do thefollows.■An SWerS for refere nce:1) What Can We do but Sit and Wait for a PaSSing Car to bring USto a City n earby?2) He lied to the court not just Once, but On SeVeral OCCaSions.3) “ Gonewith the Wind” was/is a great movie, but it was/is a littleIon g.4) I had/have no ChOiCe but to accept the challe nge.5) The SitUatiOn Iooked∕loOkS desperate, but they didn' t/don ' t Want to give up.6) BUt for these in terruptio ns, the meet ing would have fini Shedearlier.7) Who else but Joh n would have PIayed a trick like that?8) She WaS the best Sin ger in China at that time. I could not butadmire her.9) The machi nes We bought Were cheap, but they Went quite well.10) BeCaUSe he had/has a sore throat he was/is Un ableto swallow any thi ng but liquids.2. Word BUiIdingMatCh each of the English words in Column A With its Chinese meaningin Colu mn B. You may con sult a dictio nary if n ecessary.■ An swers:1) j2) k3) g4) h5) i6) b7) n8) l9) f a PrOPertask that10) C11) m12) d13) a14) eGrammar in Con textTaSk 1: Fill in each bla nk in the follow ing senten CeS With the ProPer form of the Verb given in brackets, Paying SPeCiaI attentiOn to the USe of the active voice and the PaSSiVe voice.■An swers:1) be done away With2) is / gets Puni Shed3) being erected4) HaVing bee n ignored5) believ ing6) to have Sent7) be looked UP8) SPeak / SPeak ing9) being in terviewed10) take nTaSk 2. Tran slate the followi ng Senten CeS in to Chin ese, Pay ing SPeCiaI attention to the differences in the ChOiCe of the Verb voice.■An SWerS for Refere nce:1) 杰克，有你的电话。

Unit OneMan and NatureEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1. In the boxes below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the followingsentences with the words given. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1) spark2) compelled3) bare 4)scrape5) destruction6) output 7)retreat 8)tipped 9)miracle10) eternal11) pile12) transfer13) mass14) thereby15) have emerged16) trigger 17)threaten18) consumed19) hollow2. In the boxes below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Complete the sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆Answers:1) show signs of2) cope with3) lives in fear of4) tough it out5) cut down6) from head to foot7) searched out8) nothing short of9) As yet 10) settlein 11) take heart▆Increasing Your Word Power3.You will read six pairs of words which are similar in meaning but are different in usage. Reflect on the4.differences in usage between the words in each group and fill in each blank with a proper one. Change the form if necessary. ▆Answers:1) temptation2) attraction3) chance4) opportunity5) states 6)country 7)warned8) threatened / threatens9) refuse 10) reject 11)total 12) gross5. A blend is a word produced by combining parts of other words, such as “comsat”from“communications”and “satellite”. Try to find out what words the following blends are formed from.You may consult a dictionary if necessary.▆Answers:Blend Formation Meaning smogsmoke + fog 烟雾blog web + log 博客brunch breakfast + lunch 早午餐（早餐和午餐合为一餐）autocide automobile + suicide 撞车自杀chunnel channel + tunnel 海峡隧道motel motor + hotel 汽车旅馆netizen net + citizen 网民sci-fi science + fiction 科幻小说workaholic work + alcoholic 工作狂无线网络wi-fi wireless + fidelity6.Fill in the blanks in Column B with an adjective in Text A. The target adjective must be opposite in meaning to the one in Column A and must form a correct collocation with the noun in Column C. ▆Answers:1) individual2)contradictory3)destructive4) rational 5)primitive6) synthetic7) distant8) pessimistic9) irreplaceable10) enormousGrammar in Context7.Study the following sentencesfrom Text B and point out the grammatical function of each of the present participles used as an adverbial. ▆Answers:1) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances2) an adverbial of accompanying circumstances3) an adverbial of result 4) an adverbial of result5) an adverbial of manner; accompanying circumstances6) an adverbial of result 7) an adverbial of timeplete the following sentences by translating the Chinese in the brackets into English, usinagpresentparticiple as an adverbial.▆Answers:1) killing thousands upon thousands of people2) raising the average yield by 15 percent3) trying to deduce its operating principle4) Seeing that everyone was bending over his / her book5) Not having heard from his parents for a long time6) leaving the project unfinished7) Turning to the right8) Not wanting to make the patient nervousCloze▆Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆Answers:(1) realm(2) elemental(3) obtain(4) stubbornly(5) transferred(6)transformed(7) subdued(8) expansion(9)irreplaceable(10) extinct(11) dynamic(12) verge (13)moderate(14)ecological(15) rationalTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words and expressions given in brackets.▆Answers for Reference:1) The village is so close to the border that the villagers lived in constant fear of attacks from the enemy.2) In only twenty years the country was transformed into an advanced industrial power.3) Seeing the project successfully completed, those who had invested so much time and energy in it felt very proud.4) Given the current financial situation, it is inevitable that the US dollar will be further devalued.5) There are so many vehicles nowadays that the roads in this area are barely adequate to cope with the present traffic.6) The weather showed no signs of getting better so the government called upon us to get prepared for floods.7) Alice had been confined to bed for over 10 years after the traffic accident, and so her recovery seemed nothing short of a miracle.8) The students were all very much concerned about the World Cup, spending at least two hours every day watching the live matches on TV.9) Thomas said that his family had settled in Florida more than half a century ago.10) Ask for help. Don ’t tough it out yourself. I learned this lesson early in my life.9. Translate the following passage into English. ▆Answers for reference:Human beings live in the realm of nature. They are not only dwellers in nature, but also transformers of it. With the development of society and its economy, people tend to become less dependent on nature directly, but indirectly their dependence grows.Human beings are connected with nature by “b lood”t ies. No one can live outside nature. However, the previous dynamic balance between man and nature has shown signs of breaking down. Problems such as the population explosion, ecological imbalance and the shortage of natural resources have become major factors keeping human society from being further developed.Professor Spirkin holds that the only choice for human beings is the wise organization of production and care for Mother Nature.Theme-Related Writing▆Write an essay of no less than 150 words on the topic“M y Understanding of Environmental Protection .”Your writing should cover the following points:1) the relationship between man and the environment2) the urgency of environmental protection3) ways to protect the environment▆Sample essayMy Understanding of Environmental ProtectionMan and the environment are closely related. Man relies on the environment for water, food and shelter. A harmonious relationship between man and the environment is essential for human survival on the earth.However, man and the environment have never been on such bad terms as they are now. As society develops, m an’s transformation of nature has severely polluted his living environment. Deforestation leads to changes in rainfall patterns, causing devastating floods, droughts and sandstorms. The discharge of chemical pollutants endangers our health and the lives of other beings. And mass production has resulted in the shortage of irreplaceable natural resources such as coal and oil. If we take no immediate and effective steps to protectour environment, human beings may be the next species to become extinct.We should do our best to protect our environment by planting more trees, taking care of wildlife, reducing industrial wastes, using renewable energy, and imposing heavy fines on environmentally-unfriendly activities,so as to preserve the environment for future generations.(167 words)...。

Unit TwoLearning a LanguageEnhance Your Language AwarenessWords in Action▆Working with Words and Expressions1.Listed in the boxes below are some of the words that you need to be very familiar with. Now work inpairs and make sentences with each of them to see if you have really mastered their usages. You are encouraged to consult a dictionary if you are still not quite sure about their meanings and usages.▆ Sample sentences for reference:1) If Jane is not here in 10 minutes, we’ll assume that she is n’t coming and we won’t wait for her any longer.2) The case was fully argued before an agreement was reached.3) They claim that they have discovered a cure for the disease, but this has not yet been proved.4) Some Chinese words have no equivalents in English.5) The rights of the individual are perhaps the most important rights in society.6) If you want my personal opinion, I don’t think you should go there.7) The train leaves at about half past eight — 8:32, to be precise.8) After years of hard work, she became qualified as a doctor last year.9) Her new novel is based on her adventures in Africa.10) The house is too small for a family of five; furthermore, it is in a bad condition.11) Human beings are much more intelligent than animals.12) She promised solemnly that she would not say a word about it to anyone.2.In the box below are some of the words you have learned in this unit. Complete the following sentenceswith them. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)obtain2)confident3)communicate4)advantage5)relevant6)helpful7)extreme8)enjoyable9)means10)process11)particularly12)characters13)astonished14)apparently3.In the box below are some of the expressions you have learned in this unit. Do you understand theirmeanings? Do you know how to use them in the proper context? Now check for yourself by doing the blank-filling exercise. Change the form where necessary.▆ Answers:1)fond of2)is … related to3)find out4)To a certain extent5)vice versa6)no doubt7)rid … of8)cleared up9)or else10)at all costs11) sure enough12)let alone13) In his hurry14)It’s no use15) in my view16) was worth▆Increasing Your Word Powerplete the multiple choice exercise by choosing the right answer.▆ Answers:1) C2) D3) B4) B5) B6) D2.Adverbs are used to modify adjectives. What adverbs listed in the box below can be used to modify theadjectives in the sentences? Put as many adverbs as you think suitable before each of the adjectives.1)highly / very2)quite / very3)quite / very / increasingly4)quite / simply / very3.Did you notice the suffix -er in words such as teacher, grader in this unit? The suffix -er can be put atthe end of verbs or nouns to denote people who perform the action expressed by the stem word. In addition to -er, the suffixes -or, -ist, -ian also fall into this category. Now form nouns by adding -er/-or/-ist/-ian to the words given:Answers for reference:1) logician2) magician3) mathematician4) journalist5) industrialist6) environmentalist7) laborer8) murderer9) conqueror10) survivorGRAMMAR IN CONTEXTStudy the following sentences from both Text A and Text B, paying special attention to the modal auxiliaries would, must, might, can’t, should.Task 1: Fill in the following blanks with appropriate modal auxiliaries.▆ Answers for reference:1) would/should2) should/would3) might4) would5) must6) can’t7) should, would8) mustTask 2: Translate the following sentences into English, using the modal auxiliaries given in brackets.▆ Answers for reference:1) The expedition might have reached the top of the mountain by now.2) If there should be any change in the schedule, please let me know in time.Or: Should there be any change in the schedule, please let me know in time.3) Passengers must check in (no later than) 45 minutes prior to flight departure.4) Hurry up! It would be a pity to miss the concert.5) The man standing in the distance can’t be Mr. Li, for he left for New York yesterday afternoon.Cloze▇Complete the following passage with words chosen from this unit. The initial letter of each is given.▆ Answers:1)doubt2)efficient3)where4)advantage5)afford6)claim7)fluently8)qualified9)extent10)ridiculous11)perfect12)as13)because14)individualTranslation1. Translate the following sentences into English, using the words given in brackets.▆ A nswers for reference:1)The baby can’t even crawl yet, let alone walk.2)Will claimed he was dining with a group of friends at the time of the murder, but in my opinion he tolda lie.3)To a certain extent the speed of reading is closely related to reading skills; and with reading skills youcan cope with outside class reading better.4)Can you take a look at the engine to see what’s wrong?5)Some people assume that there is a Chinese equivalent for every Japanese word.6)We have passed all relevant information on to the police.7)There is no use asking me any more questions about that matter because I won’t answer.8)It was a mistake on Jim’s part to sign the contract without reading it carefully.9)They refused to provide us with all the information we need.10)This accident is very similar to the one that happened three years ago.11)The film is based on a play by Shakespeare.12)If you have a good command of English and computer skills, you will surely have an advantage overothers in finding a job.Theme-Related Writing▆Write a passage in about 100-120 words, taking either of the following titles:1) Why I like to learn English2) Why I hate to learn English▆ S ample essay for Task 1:Why I like to learn EnglishI have learned English for about seven years. I should say that I am highly motivated to master English. First of all, learning English is useful, as it is becoming a world language and people from different countries often communicate with one another in English. If I am good at English, it will be much easier for me to communicate with them. Secondly, I like traveling a lot. A good mastery of English will make things much easier for me when traveling around the world. Finally, I like literature a lot. If I am very good at English, I can read great works by Shakespeare and Dickens and many other English writers instead of reading the translated versions.▆ S ample essay for Task 2:Why I hate to learn EnglishI have learned English for about seven years. I should say the more I learn English, the more I hate it. First of all, learning English is boring. I have to memorize many new words or rely on a dictionary to frequently check unknown words. Doing so wastes a lot of my precious time. Secondly, I don’t understand why we have to learn a foreign language. I don’t want to go abroad and I can always find a job that doesn’t need English in China. Finally, I can always read translated versions of the books I want to read. So, if I don’t have to learn English, I would rather use the time I spend on English to do things I like.。

Unit 7 P230：Words in action:1. 1. v iewpoint viewpoint viewpoint 2. 2. 2. conventional conventional conventional 3. 3. 3. typical typical typical 4. 4. 4. merely merely merely 5. 5. 5. valid valid valid 6. 6. 6. productive productive productive 7. 7. 7. asses asses asses 8.alter 8.alter 8.alter 9. 9. employment employment 10. 10. 10. convey convey convey 11. 11. 11. competent competent competent 12. 12. 12. objective objective objective 13. 13. 13. professional professional professional 14. 14. 14. reserve reserve reserve 15. 15. 15. shift shift shift 16. 16. dismiss 17. personally 18. strengths 19. intense 20 norms 2. 1. in reserve 2. To his credit 4. in person 5. take up 6. follow the herd 7. asses/judge …on its (own) merits 8. takes an … turn P232:1. to on to about, of to on, with to, with on to to 2. deep total heavy high deep strong high heavy close total 3. trustworthy: 值得信赖的；值得信赖的； sightseeing: 参观，观光；参观，观光； viewpoint: 观点; self-fulfilling: 自我实现的；我实现的； good-looking: 漂亮的；漂亮的； light year: 光年；光年； feedback: 反馈，反应；air force: 空军；军； fault-finding: 吹毛求疵的；吹毛求疵的； guideline: 指导方针；指导方针； sidewalk: 人行道；人行道； fast food: 快餐快餐 P234: Grammar review1. 1. what 2. whether 3. whose 4. whoever 5. what 6. where 7. how 8. which 9.that 10. that 2. 1.The children said they had seen some of those animated cartoons . 2.John said that he knew he wouldn’t be able to do it.\ 3.Marry said that Joe couldn’t have done such a thing, for h e was such a conscientious young man. 4. Last Friday Mary asked John whether /if he was going to plant trees with them the nest day. 5. He asked John how long he had been waiting for them. 6. The old lady downstairs told us to be quiet after midnight. 7. The monitor remained us not to forget to take our notebooks with us. 8. John remarked what a lovely house it was. P236: Cloze1. being 2. who 3. essential 4. employee 5. role 6. goals 7. specific 8. common 9. on 10 line 11. mean 12. agree 13 offer Translations:1. We have worked together for a long time and have never let our differing opinions get in the way of our friendship. 2. This agreement will pave the way for a lasting peace between the two countries. 3. They usually don’t mention their requirements until you are beginning to let your defenses down. 4. You should have the courage for face your own mistakes. Don’t try to shift the blame onto others when things go wrong. 5. If If you you you are are are more more more often often often than than than not not not affected affected affected by by by fear fear fear and and and worry, worry, worry, you you you will will will find find find this this this book book book very very useful. 6. Now that I have accepted the position, I shall certainly do to the best of my ability all that is required of me. 7. If you don’t have a plan of what you will do every day, chances are high that you won’t do much. 8. Great minds think alike. Your ideas are completely in line with his. Unit 8p. 259-260 1. dfgca; bej; 2.1) pressure; 2) part; 3) changed; 4) keep; 5) position; 3. 1) thrown off balance; 2)draw on; 3) go for; 4) in kind; 5) by definition P262. Words in Action: 1. 1) matured; 2) stuff; 3) identify; 4) convert; 5) classic 6) shortcomings 7)breeds 8) stress 9) maintain; 10) impulse; 11) pose; 12) claims; 13)identify; 14) media; 15) tap; 16) reasonable 2. 1) graduate with honors; 2) fires herself up; 3) take …by the throat; 4) take action; 5) make an excuse; 6) in kind; 7) in the face of 8) trying for 9) nurse…through 3. 1 1) a. mature; b. ripe; c. mature/ripe; d. ripe; e. matured 2) a. select; b. was elected; c. were selected; d. choose 2.1） generator: 发电机；发生器； achiever: 事业成功的人； climber: 登山者； operator: 操作员；接线员；robber: 抢劫者，强盗；supporter: 支持者，拥护者；赡养者；支持者，拥护者；赡养者； defender:防卫者，拥护者防卫者，拥护者2）officer: 官员，军官；官员，军官； guitarist: 吉他弹奏者；physicist: 物理学家；politician: 政治家，政客；Brazilian: 巴西人；巴西人； socialist: 社会主义者；社会主义者； historian: 历史学者；历史学者； biologist: 地质学家；质学家； mathematician: 数学家数学家Grammar Review 1. 1) is 2) are 3) is 4)were 5) were/are 6) are 7)is 8)are 9) is 10) is 2. 1) its 2) its 3) his 4)our 5)his/her 6)themselves 7)he or she/one 8) them 9) its 10) themselves Cloze 1) discovered discovered 2) 2) 2) intense intense intense 3)contributors 3)contributors 3)contributors 4) 4) 4) disadvantaged disadvantaged disadvantaged 5) 5) 5) achievement achievement achievement 6) 6) 6) fascinating fascinating fascinating 7) 7) troubled 8) even 9)physical 10) who 11) with 12) lead 13)advantage 14) obstacle 15)refer Translation 1) It is true that no one is perfect, but we can always do better. 2) Mozart is often referred to as one of the greatest musicians of all time. 3) Adversity comes to every one, but the quality of your life may depend in a large measure on how you tap into resources available to handle that adversity. 4) When writing, you can draw on your personal experience for example to help explain your ideas. 5) Christmas is a little warmth in the depth of winter and a bright light in the dark. 6) Sometimes we do get less when we go for more. 7) It will only make your life worse if you refuse to forgive those who have done you wrong and be determined to repay them in kind. 8) Many farmers claim that the vicious weather this summer has driven them to despair. 。

精品文档Unit 18) construct 5)crippled 6)genuine 7) 2) alternative 3)initial 4) universal P20 1、1)tackle impressive9) shallowcaptured 16) 15) rough entitled 13) contact 14) constant P2110) react 11) generate 12)5) find it in 4) count…against 2、1) In any case 2) took hold 3) root out 17) move 18) put6) aware of 7) do her wrong myself to6) heal 7) treat 、P228) like it or not 11) cured 2) heal 3) treated 4) cure 5) treated2) The production here needs temperatures lower 、1) Action speaks louder than words P232is There 4) rather than throw them away degrees than 25 Celsius 3) I like to keep thingsd rather leave her job than (be forced to) work for that boss ' 5) Shenobody here other than me6) 5) studying 2) to thank P241、1) preparing 3) repairing/to be repaired 4) to get8)to reduce 9) to leave 10) worrying 7) missing being treated4)Deeply hiding 3) surprised, leaves P25 2、1) kept nodding, rather confused 2) Fallen6) Being, interested moved 5) followingabout 7) realize/remember CLOZE1) harmonious 2)that 3) ironically 4)For 5)recover 6) go 13)emotional 8) hardest 9) unfair 10) who 11)forgiveness 12)dealing with翻译p261. In life our stupidiest course of action is to cling too much to what we have and refuse to let go.2. I'm willing to work in the IT industry, but have no idea how to go about it.3. Many people are aware of the importance of living in harmony with nature.4. Problems like the generation gap cannot be swept under the carpet.5. I never did understand what was eating away at her.6. He has been at peace with the world all his life.7. He did not speak out/say what he thought. For one thing, she might not understand. For another,he was afraid that she might not forgive him.8. As the years rooled by, he became increasingly interested in /fascinatedUnit 28) c 7) i P48 1、1)b 2)f 3) d 4) h 5) j 6) a4) fall/get into debt 5) played the 2) without so much as P49 3、3) may well 1)bound for7) put my name up for 8) was bestowed onfool 6) on earth8) response 3) stretched remedy 4) confine 5)remarkable 6)owe 7) lower P52 1) emphasize 2)9) reveal 10)characterized 11)picture 12)adopt 13)proposed5) on earth 1) singled out for 2) kept back 3)all but 4) in search of 14) trembling P53 2、8) took in7) first and foremost 6) in particular5)thirsty for 2) bound 3)aware of 4)appreciative of of 、P54 11) for responsible 10)suitable for 8) noted for 9) independent of 6) worthy of 7)capable of6)glad 4)asleep 5)cheerful 3)sleeping 1) similar 2)alike/similar 、P55 210)alive9)living 7)afraid/frightened 8)frightened3) a forgetful person 2)a hopeful man / person in politics 、3 1) a delightful holiday6) a spoonful of water5) a handful of rice 4) a masterful manager9) a mouthful of wine8) a roomful of students P56 7) an armful of newspapers2)贺卡上印有“新年快乐”的字样，下面还有一条附言。