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水利水电专业外文翻译

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Placing and protecting fillFill shall be placed so that mo part of the final foundation surface remains exposed for more than 72 hours.Fill shall be placed in such methods as will prevent segregation of the material.Where the Contract requires the placing of different types of fill in separate zones,the Contractor shall carry out the work so as to prebent mixing of different types of fill.Shoud there be ,in the opinion of the Engineer, any excessive mixing of different types of fill , such mixed materials shall be removed to a spoil tip and replaced with fresh fill.Any undesirable material accumulated on the fill surface shall be removed before placeing the next layer of fill.No fill material shall be placed on a previous layer of that has dried out,become saturated or in any way deteriorated by exposure or by spilling of other material or disterbance by mechanical transport or by deposition of wind blown particles or by any other means. Before fresh fill material is placed aoo such deteriorated fill or foreign material shall be removed to a depth at which material of an acceptable standard is exposed. The surface of each layer is to be approved by the Engineer before the next layer is placed.Any fill shall be placed in uniform layers not greater than the approved thickness as specified hereafter and in an orderly sequence approximately horizontal along the centreline of the embankments.Except where specified of directed otherwise, no portion of any embankment shall be stepped more than 3 feet higher than any immediately adjacent portion except where permitted by the Engineer and the slope formed by such steps shall not exceed 1V:3H and not less than 1V:4H from one level to another.Except as shown on the Drawings or as otherwise directed, all fill placement surfaces shall be sloped at right angles to the centerline of the embankment in both the upstream and downstream direction from the downstream edge of the core so as to allow run-off and prevent the accumulation of water. The drainage slope on the temporary surface of anny zone shall not exceed 1 on 30 and the highest point shall be de downstream edge of the core.Where,due to the specified geometry of the excavation into the top of the existing embankments, the surface slope is towards the downstream edge of the core,the Contractor shall take such measures an necessary to prevent erosion of fine material being washed into the filter zones downstream of the core. Any surface layer of filter material contaminated by such drainage or other cause shall be removed and replaced with fresh filter material before placing the next layer above.Construction of any one embankment shall be carried out over the maximum possible length,mo less than 1500 feet,of that embankment in such a manner that mo temporary construction slope crosses the axis of the embankment except as approved by the Engineer. Where a temporary constrction slope crossing the axis of the embankment is permitted by the Engineer it shall be formed at a gradient of 1V：5H. When subsequently placeing material against this slope it shall be cut back in steps equal to the layer thickness to avoid feather edges. The Contractor shall complete each layer of fill fully up to the abutment contacts and structures and against sloping foundations and ensure that the fill is compacted an specified throughout. The Contractor shall not allow the fill in those areas to lag behind or to get ahead of the normal fill placing operations and form feather edges, except where fill has been placed in advance to cover grouted surface.Where the Contractor is allowed to use either grvel fill and /or sandstone no intermixing of the two materials in a layer shall be allowed. The Constractor may place either of the materials in adjacent layers or sections of the embankment.The Constractor shall be responsible for protecting temporary fill surfaces against damage of erosion. At the end of each working day,or if it start to rain ,the surface of the fill shall be made smooth and compacted with a smooth drum roller with a drainage slope to induce runoff from the filled areas and leave no areas that can retain water. Where necessary, grips,drainage ditches and the like shall be formed to assist drainage and to prevent runoff from damaging placed material.Runoff from heavy rain shall be controlled to prevent gully erosion of the placed fill. Any gully erosion shall be repaired with material compacted in accordance with the Specification, and eroded surfaces shall be restored and graded to ensure a proper bond with new fill placed on them.Any eroded material other than gravel and any contaminated material shall be removed from the embankment and placed in designated spoil tips. In particular the Contractor shall ensure that no material iswashed into filter or drain material.Where placing of the filter material of drain material is not continuous ,the Constractor shall protect such filter or drain materials by a 2 foot thick layer of course filter material or in such other manner approved by the Engineer,and the Contractor shall maintain the protective layer.The Contractor shall keep the work free from standing water to prevent damage to the fill material. When working below the surrounding level, the Contractor shall ensure that material from adjacent areas does not contaminate the fill material,and that runoff does not flow onto the fill.The Contractor shall arrange the timing and rate of placing fill material in sucn way that no part of the workes is over stressed,weakened or endangered. Any part of the fill that be comes saturated or attains excessive moisture content or that is rendered unsuitable due to poor surface drainage, uncontrolled traffic,or for any other reason, shall be excavated and removed to a spoil tip and replaced by fresh fill .If permitted by the Engineer, such fill may be scarified and re-compacted.Unless otherwise approved by the Engineer unrestrained edges of fill, whether for temporary or permanent slops, shall be overbuilt as necessary to allow full compaction to be achieved within defined limits of the fill. The excess material shall be trimmed and removed to leave a regular compacted surface.Slope exposed to view,including riprap and downstream protection slopes, shall be dressed to neatly appearing final surfaces matching the existing slopes.Temporary access ramps shall be removed when work in that area is completed. Any ramps or other areas within the limits of an embankment which, in the opinion of the Engineer have been over-compacted or damaged by the concentrated use by construction equipment,shall be reworked and re-compacted or,if the Engineer requires,shall be excavated, removed to spoil tip and replaced by the fresh fill.When necessary the surface of the layer of fine grained fill material(rolled clay,rolled silt Type A and B ,Rolled Sandstone Type A and B) shall be sprayed with water to prevent drying out and to maintain the correct uniform moisture content prior to placing the next layer.The Contractor shall ensure that a good bond is achieved between layers of filland unless otherwise directed, previously compacted layers offine grain materials shall be harrowed, scarified or otherwise roughened to depth of at least 3 inches and made suitable for covering with future layer of fill.填料的填筑和保护大坝填筑的方式应做到：无论哪一部分的填料填筑后，最后的基础面暴露的时间不超过72小时。

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水利水电工程英文词汇

水利水电工程英文词汇

水利水电工程英文词汇Water conservancy and hydropower engineering is an important infrastructure in our daily life, which includes a variety of projects such as dams, reservoirs, hydroelectric power stations, water supply systems, and irrigation systems. The following is a comprehensive list of water conservancy and hydropower engineering English vocabulary related to construction, operation, maintenance and management.1. Dam: a barrier that holds back water and raises its level, typically used to create a reservoir2. Reservoir: a large natural or artificial lake used as a source of water supply.3. Hydroelectric power station: a power station that generates electricity by using the kinetic energy of flowing water to turn turbines4. Water supply system: a system that distributes water to households and businesses5. Irrigation system: a system that supplies water to crops6. Hydraulic engineering: the study of the flow and control of water7. River training: the process of maintaining or modifying the course, width, depth, or bed of a river channel8. Erosion control: methods used to prevent the loss of soil caused by water, wind, or other factors, typically by planting vegetation or constructing structures9. Flood control: measures taken to prevent or mitigate the damage caused by floods10. Dredging: the process of removing sediment or debris from the bottom of a body of water using a special excavating machine11. Water quality: the chemical, physical, and biological characteristics of water, which can affect human health and aquatic life12. Water resources: natural sources of water used for drinking, irrigation, power generation, and other uses13. Aquifer: a layer of permeable rock or sediment that stores and transmits groundwater14. Groundwater: water that is stored underground in soil or rock layers and that can be extracted for human use15. Water treatment: the process of purifying water to remove contaminants, such as bacteria, viruses, and chemicals16. Desalination: the process of removing salt and other minerals from seawater or brackish water to make it usable for human consumption17. Hydraulics: the branch of science and engineering concerned with the mechanical properties of fluids, especially water18. Water use efficiency: the ability to use water efficiently and sustainably, minimizing waste and optimizing productivity19. Water conservation: the act of using water wisely and reducing unnecessary water use20. Water reuse: the process of treating and using wastewater for other purposes, such as irrigation, industrial processes, or toilet flushing21. Hydrology: the study of the movement, distribution, and quality of water on Earth22. Seepage: the movement of water through soil or porous rock23. Water balance: the relationship between the amount of water added to a system and the amount of water lost, usually expressed as an equation24. Streamflow: the flow of water in a river or stream25. Turbine: a machine that converts the kinetic energy of water, steam, or wind into mechanical energyIn conclusion, the water conservancy and hydropower engineering is a complex and important field that provides essential services to individuals and communities around the world. This list provides basic vocabulary useful for anyone interested in the industry.。

英法西葡语对照水利水电工程专业词汇

英法西葡语对照水利水电工程专业词汇

PORTUGUÊS ESPANHOL INGLÊS FRANCÊSAbaixamento do nível da água, deplecionamento Rebajamiento delnivel de aguaDrawdown CreuxAbaixamento do nível, esvaziamento ou deplecionamento para inspeção Rebajamiento delnivel o vaciamientopara inspecciónDrawdown forinspection oremptying forinspectionVidange pour visiteAbalo premonitório Tremor premonitorio Foreshock SecousseprémonitoireAbalo sísmico; tremor de terra; terremoto Tremor sísmico Earth tremor; shake;earthquakeSecousse telluriqueAbandono da barragem Abandono de la presa Abandonment of thedamAbandon du barrageAbastecimento deáguaSuministro de agua Water supply Adduction d'eau Abatimento (concreto)Asentamiento Slump Affaissement; slumpAbertura Abertura Opening (for abarrage gate) Passe; pertuis (pour la vanne d'un barrage mobile)Abertura comcomporta; adufaEsclusa Sluice; undersluice Pertuis avec vanneAbertura das propostas Abertura de laspropuestasOpening of tenders;bid opening (Am.)Ouverture des offresAbertura de limpeza Abertura de limpieza Scour outlet; scoursluicePertuis de chasse Abertura de poços;escavação de poçosAbertura de pozos Shaft sinking Fonçage de puitsAbertura para passagem de gelo Abertura para pasajede hieloIce chute Pertuis à glaceAblação Ablación Ablation AblationAbóbada Bóveda Double arch, dome VoûteAbóbada de berço inclinado Bóveda corridainclinadaInclined barrel arch;arch barrel (Am.)Voute en berceauinclinéeAbraço (da barragem)Abrazo Overlap; wrap aroundarea; enfoldingconnection_Abrasão Abrasión Abrasion AbrasionAbsorção Absorción Absorption ImbibitionAbsorção de calda Absorción de lechada Grout take Absorption de coulisAcabador de superfície Acabadora desuperficie Finishing machine;finisherFinisseur; surfaceuseAcabamento Acabado Finishing Finition Acabamento a colher Acabado a la cuchara Trowelled finish Fini à la lisseuse Acabamento a régua Acabado a la regla Screeded finish Fini au profileur Acabamento a talocha(desempenadeira)Acabado al fratacho Floated finish Fini à la talocheAção das ondas Acción de las ondas Wave action BatillageAção de congelamento Acción decongelamientoFrost action Action du gelAceitação Aceptación Acceptance RéceptionAceitação definitiva Aceptación definitiva Final acceptance Réception définitive Aceitação parcial Aceptación parcial Acceptance of sectionor partRéception partielleAceitação provisória Aceptación provisoria Provisional acceptance Réception provisoireAceleração máxima do terreno Aceleración máximadel terrenoPeak groundaccelerationAccélération de pointedu solAcelerador de pega Acelerador delfraguado Set accelerator;acceleratingadmixture,accelerating agentAccélérateur de priseAcelerógrafo Acelerógrafo Accelerograph Accelérographe Acelerômetro Acelerómetro Accelerometer AccéléromètreAcerto dos litígios Ajuste de los litigios Settlement of disputes Règlement des litiges Acerto final Ajuste final Final account Décompte définitifAço acimentado; aço temperado; aço endurecido Acero cementado;acero templado; aceroendurecidoCase hardened steel Acier cémentéAço carbono Acero al carbono Carbon steel Acier au carboneAço de alta resistência Acero de altaresistencia High tensile steel Acier à haute limiteélastiqueAço doce Acero dulce Mild steel Acier douxAço duro Acero duro Hard steel Acier durAço inoxidável Acero inoxidable Stainless steel Acier inoxydableAcordo do engenheiro chefe da obra Consentimiento delingeniero jefe de laobraConsent of theEngineerAccord du maîtred'oeuvreAços para concreto armado; armaduras para concreto; ferros para concreto; barras de armadura; armadura Aceros para hormigónarmado; armaduraspara hormigónarmado; hierros parahormigónReinforcing bars; steelreinforcement; re-barsAciers pour bétonarmé; armatures pourbéton armé;armatures; aciers;fers à bétonAcumulação sazonal Acumulaciónestacional Seasonal storage AccumulationsaisonnièreAdensamento Consolidación Consolidation ConsolidationAdicional para risco (periculosidade) Adicional porpeligrosidadRisk allowance Majoration pourrisquesAditivo Aditivo Admixture AdjuvantAdjudicação (do contrato, da obra)Adjudicación (delcontrato, de la obra)Award of contract Adjudication dumarchéAdministração dos recursos hídricos Administración de losrecursos hídricosWater resourcemanagementGestion desressources en eauAdufa de desvio Esclusa de desvío Diversion sluiceway Pertuis de dérivation Aeração Aireación Aeration AérationAerador Aereador Aerator AérateurAfastamento das barras Abertura entre lasbarrasClear openingbetween barsEcartement entrebarreaux (vide entredeux barreaux)Afloramento(geologia)Afloramiento Outcrop AffleurementAfluente ou tributário da margem direita (esquerda)Afluente de la margenderecha (izquierda)Right (left) banktributaryAffluent rive droite(gauche)Afluente; tributário Afluente Tributary Affluent Aglomerante Aglomerante Binder Liant; liantbitumineuxAgregado graúdo Agregado (árido)gruesoCoarse aggregate Gros granulats Agregado miúdo (fino) Agregado fino Fine aggregate Granulats finsAgregados britados (artificiais); britas Agregados triturados(artificiales)Crushed aggregate Granulats concassésAgregados de origem marítima Agregados de origenmarinoMarine aggregate Granulats marinsAgregados; inertes Agregados; inertes Aggregate GranulatsÁgua adsorvida Agua adsorbida Adsorbed moisture Eau adsorbéeÁgua agressiva Agua agresiva Aggressive water Agressivité de l'eauÁgua de lavagem defurosAgua de lavado Wash water Eau de lavageÁgua de mistura Agua de mezcla Mixing water Eau de gâchageÁgua de percolação Agua de percolación Percolation water;seepage waterEau de percolationÁgua intersticial, águados porosAgua intersticial Pore water Eau interstitielleÁgua residual; águade despejo; esgotoAgua residual Wastewater Eau résiduaire Aguaceiro Aguacero Sudden shower AverseÁguas subterrâneasÁguas subterráneas Underground water;subsurface waterEau souterraine Agulha califórnia Cambiavía California California switch Aiguillage californien Ajustamento de torção Ajuste de torsión Torsional adjustment Ajustement de torsion Ajustamento no fecho Ajuste en cantilever Crown cantileveradjustmentAjustement en cléAjustamento radial Ajuste radial Radial adjustment Ajustement radial AjustamentotangencialAjuste tangencial Tangential adjustment Ajustement tangentiel Ajustamento vertical Ajuste vertical Vertical adjustment Ajustement vertical Ala do cut off;trincheira de vedaçãolateralTope de ala Wing cut off Voile au largeAla, extremidade (deuma barragem)Ala (de una presa)Wing (of a dam)Aile (d'un barrage)Alargador Escariador Reamer AléseurAlargamento Ensanchamiento Flaring EvasementAlargamento do contraforte Ensanchamiento delcontrafuerteButtress splay Evasement ducontrefortAlcatrão de hulha Alquitrán de hulla Coal tar pitch Brai de houille;goudronAlerta de cheias Anuncio de crecientes Flood warning Annonce des cruesAlimentador Alimentador Feeder Alimentation dudistributeurAlinhamento reto (entre dois meandros)Alineación recta(entre dos meandros)Straight (sectionbetween meanders)Alignement droit(entre deuxméandres)Alisador Alisador Smoothing tool LissoirAlisamento comdesempenadeiraAlisado con fratacho Floating TalochageAlma (do cabo)Alma (del cabo)Core Ame (du câble) Alma de contraforte Alma de contrafuerte Buttress web;buttress stemAme du contrefortAlojamentos de canteiro Alojamientos del sitiode obrasSite huts; siteaccomodation;lodgingsBaraquements dechantierAlta de preços Alza de precios Cost escalation Hausse des prixAlternativa de localização; local alternativo Alternativa delocalizaciónAlternative site Varianted'emplacementAltimetria Altimetría Altimetry Altimétrie Altímetro Altímetro Altimeter; heightgaugeAltimètreAltura acima do nível do terreno ou do solo Altura sobre el níveldel sueloHeight above groundlevelHauteur au-dessus dulit; hauteur hors solAltura cinética Altura cinética Velocity head; kineticheadCharge cinétique Altura crítica Altura crítica; saltocríticoCritical head Charge critiqueAltura da barragem acima do ponto mais baixo das fundações; altura máxima da barragem Altura de la presasobre el punto másbajo de lasfundacionesHeight above lowestfoundation of dam;maximum height ofdamHauteur maximale dubarrage au-dessus desfondations; hauteurmaximale du barrageAltura de evaporação do tanque Altura de laevaporación deltanquePan evaporation loss Hauteur d'évaporationsur bacAltura de precipitação Altura de precipitación Depth of precipitation Hauteur deprécipitation; lamed'eau précipitée; lamed'eau tombéeAltura piezométrica Altura piezométrica Piezometric height HauteurpiézométriqueAluvião (depósito fluvial)Aluvión (depósitofluvial)Alluvium; fluvialdepositAlluvion; dépôt fluvialAlvenaria Mampostería Masonry MaçonnerieAlvenaria de pedra arrumada Mampostería depiedra embutidaEmbedded stonepitchingPerré maçonnéAlvenaria de pedra seca Mampostería depiedra secaDry stone pitching;dry laid masonry(Am.)Perré en pierressèches; maçonnerie àjoints secsAlvenaria de pedra seca com rejuntamento; alvenaria de pedra argamassada Mampostería depiedra seca;mampostería depiedra en argamasaStone pitching withfilled jointsPerré en maçonnerieappareillée (avecjoints remplis)Alvo Blanco Target Voyant Amassamento;mistura (concreto)Mezclado; dosificación Batching GâchéeAmolecimentos dos materiais Ablandamiento de losmaterialesSoftening (ofmaterials)Ramollissement desmatériauxAmortecimento Amortiguación Damping AmortissementAmortecimento da cheia peloreservatório; propagação da cheia pelo reservatório Amortiguación de lacreciente en elembalseReservoir floodroutingAmortissement de lacrue dans le réservoirAmortecimento modal Amortiguación modal Modal damping Amortissement modalAmortecimento, propagação (de enchente)Amortiguación,propagación (decrecida)Routing (flood)Amortissement,propagation (de crue)Amortização Amortización Amortization Amortissementfinancier (action) Amostra indeformada Muestra no deformada Undisturbed sample Echantillon nonremaniéAmostra intacta Muestra intacta Intact sample Echantillon intactAmostrador de sedimentos Muestrador desedimentosSilt sampler TurbidisondeAmostragem comtestemunhoMuestreo con testigo Coring Carottage Amplitude Amplitud Range AmplitudeAmplitude de variação da queda Amplitud de variaciónde la caída (salto)Range of head Variation de la chuteAmplitude do abaixamento do nível da água Amplitud delrebajamiento del níveldel aguaDrawdown range Amplitude dumarnageAnálise de risco Análisis de riesgo Risk analysis Calcul du risque,analyse de risqueAnálise dos gráficos Análisis de los gráficos Graphical derivation(of results from data);review of graphs Depouillement graphiqueAnálise dos resultados (cálculo dos erros)Análisis de losresultados (cálculo deerrores)Analysis of results(evaluation of errors)Analyse des résultats(évaluation deserreurs)Análise granulométrica AnálisisgranulométricoParticle size analysis;size analysis (Am.)AnalysegranulométriqueAnálise pelo espectro de resposta Análisis por elespectro de larespuestaResponse spectraanalysisAnalyse par spectrede réponseAnálise por casca Análisis por la cáscara Shell analysis Calcul suivant unecoqueAncoragem com gancho Anclaje por doblado Anchorage obtainedby bent barAncrage par courbure(avec ligature)Ancoragem de rocha Anclaje de la roca Rock bolting; rockanchorBoulonnage du rocher Andaime Andamiaje Scaffolding; falsework EchafaudageAnel de drenagem Anillo de drenaje Seepage collar Collier d'arrét defuitesAnfibolito Anfibolito Amphibolite AmphiboliteÂngulo de atrito interno (ângulo de cisalhamento)Ángulo de rozamientointerno (ángulo decorte)Angle of internalfrictionAngle de frottementinterne (angle decisaillement)Ângulo de convergência Ángulo deconvergenciaAngle of convergence Angle de convergenceÂngulo de divergênciaÁngulo de divergencia Angle of divergence Angle de divergence Ângulo de repouso Ángulo de reposo Angle of repose; angleof restAngle de talus naturel Anidrite Anhidrita Anhydrite AnhydriteAno de conclusão Año de conclusión Year of completion Année d'achèvementAno de precipitação média Año de precipitaciónmediaYear of averagerainfallAnnée de précipitationmoyenneAno seco Año seco Dry year Année sèche Ano úmido; anochuvosoAño húmedo Wet year Année humideAnteprojeto; projeto sumário Anteproyecto Preliminary design Avant-projet; avant-projet sommaireAparelho de medir carga de eixo Medidor de carga porejeAxle-load meter Appareil de mesure decharge d'essieuAparelho medidor deneveMedidor de la nieve Snow gauge NivomètreAparelho para ensaio de adensamento Consolidómetro Consolidometer;oedometerConsolidomètre;OedomètreAparelhos topográficos Instrumentostopográficos Survey instruments AppareilstopographiquesApreciação das propostas (licitação)Evaluación de laspropuestasEvaluation of the bidsÉvaluation des offresApresentação gráfica dos resultados Presentación gráficade los resultadosGraphical presentationof resultsPrésentationgraphique desrésultatsAprovação de um projeto Aprobación de unproyectoProject approval Approbation d'unprojetAproveitamento (conjunto das obras terminadas ou em construção)Aprovechamiento(conjunto de obrasterminadas o enconstrucción)Development; project(under construction)Aménagement(ensemble desouvrages terminés ouen cours deconstruction)Aproveitamento de alta queda Aprovechamiento decaída altaHigh head scheme Aménagement dehaute chuteAproveitamento de baixa queda Aprovechamiento decaída bajaLow head scheme Aménagement debasse chuteAproveitamento de queda média Aprovechamiento decaída mediaMedium head scheme Aménagement dechute moyenneAproveitamento hidrelétrico AprovechamientohidroeléctricoHydroelectricdevelopmentAménagementhidroelectriqueAproveitamentohidrelétrico reversível, usina reversível Aprovechamiento porbombeoPumped storageschemeAménagement depompageAquífero (camada)Acuífero (camada)Aquifer (stratum)Aquifère (couche) Aquisição de dados Adquisición de datos Data acquisition Acquisition desdonnées; recueil desdonnéesArco Arco Arc (line), arch(structure)ArcArco articulado Arco articulado Articulated arch;hinged archArc articuléArco ativo Arco activo Active arch Voûte activeArco circular Arco circular Circular arc Arc circulaireArco de curvatura variável Arco de curvaturavariableVariable curvaturearchArc à courburevariableArco de vários centros Arco de varios centros Multi-centred arch Arc à plusieurscentresArco engastado Arco encastrado Fixed arch Arc encastréArco inclinado Arco inclinado Inclined arch Arc incliné; arcplongeantArco independente Arco independiente Independent arch Arc indépendant Ardósia Pizarra Slate ArdoiseÁrea de armazenamento da comporta ensecadeira Área dealmacenamiento detableros de stoplogStoplog storage site Aire de stockage desbatardeauxÁrea de empréstimo Área de préstamo Borrow area Zone d'empruntÁrea de montagem Área de montaje Erection area;erection anddismantling bay;assembly area Travée de montage; travée de montage et de démontageÁrea do lagoÁrea del lago Water surface area;lake area Surface du plan d'eau; superficie du pland'eauÁrea do reservatório Área del embalse Reservoir area Surface de la retenue;superficie de laretenueÁrea para lazer Área de recreación Recreation area;leisure área Zone de loisirs; aire de loisirs (sans construction)Área submersaÁrea sumergida Submerged area;flooded areaSurface submergée Areia Arena Sand SableAreia movediça Arena movediza Quick sand (Am.) Sable boulant Arenito (grés)Arenisca Sandstone GrèsArgamassa Mortero Mortar MortierArgamassa de recobrimento da junta Mortero derecubrimiento dejuntaBedding mortar Mortier de repriseArgamassa de resina Agregado de resina;mortero de resinaResin mortar Mortier de résine Argila Arcilla Clay ArgileArgila dispersiva Arcilla dispersiva Dispersive clay Argile dispersive;argile défloculée Argila expansiva Arcilla expansiva Swelling clay;expanding clayArgile gonflanteArgila finamente estratificada Arcilla finamenteestratificadaVarved clay(lacustrine)Argile varvée(lacustre)Argila finamente estratificada (marinha ou lacustre) Arcilla finamenteestratificada (marinao lacustre)Finely stratified clay(marine or lacustrine)Argile finement litée(marine ou lacustre)Argila floculada Arcilla floculada Flocculated clay Argile floculée Argila gorda (plástica)Arcilla gorda Fat clay Argile grasse Argila lacustre Arcilla lacustre Lacustrine clay Argile lacustre Argila magra Arcilla flaca Lean clay Argile maigre Argila marinha Arcilla marina Marine clay Argile marineArgila orgânica (de origem)Arcilla orgánica (deorigen)Organic clay Argile organiqueArgila residual Arcilla residual Residual clay Argile résiduelle Argila variegada Arcilla variegada Mottled clay;variegated clayArgile bigarrée Argilito Argilita Argillite ArgiliteArmadura de costura Armadura de costura No English equivalent(includes dowel barsand nominalreinforcement)Aciers de coutureArmadura de distribuição Armadura dedistribuciónDistributionreinforcementLigatureArmadura de espera; ferro ou barra de espera; arranque Armadura de espera Starter bars; dowelbarsFers en attente; aciersen attente; aciers decouture de repriseArmadura de pele Armadura de piel Crack controlreinforcementFerraillage de peauArmadura frouxa ou passiva (concreto protendido) Armadura floja opasiva (hormigónpretensado)Secondaryreinforcement(prestressed concrete)Armatures passives(précontrainte)Armaduras Armaduras Reinforcement FerraillageArmaduras de alta aderência Armaduras de altaadherenciaHigh bond reinforcingbars; deformed barsArmatures à hauteadhérenceArmaduras de alta aderência (creneladas ou nervuradas)Armaduras de altaadherencia(almenadas onervuradas)Hot rolled deformedbars (ribbed)Barrages à hauteadhérence créneléesou nervuréesArmaduras de alta aderência (torcidas)Armaduras de altaadherencia (torcidas)Hot rolled deformedbars (twisted andribbed)Barrages à hauteadhérence en acierécrouiArmaduras lisas Armaduras lisas Plain reinforcing bars;hot rolled steel bars(plain)Ronds lisses; ronds à bétonArmaduras longitudinais ArmaduraslongitudinalesLongitudinalreinforcementArmatureslongitudinalesArmaduras principais Armaduras principales Main reinforcement Armatures principalesArmaduras secundárias ArmadurassecundariasDistributionreinforcementArmaturessecondairesArmaduras transversais ArmadurastransversalesTransversereinforcementArmaturestransversalesArmazenamento Almacenamiento Storage Remplissage (état);stockage;accumulationArmazenamento de neve Almacenamiento denieveSnow storage Réserve de neigeArmazenamento de nutrientes nos reservatórios Almacenamiento denutrientes en losembalsesRetention of nutrientsby reservoirs;entrapment ofnutrients byreservoirs (Am.)Stockage d'élémentsnutritifs dans lesréservoirsArrancamento de estacas Arrancamiento deestacasExtraction (of piles)Arrachage (des pieux)Arranjo paisagístico Disposiciónpaisajística Landscaping (action)Aménagement desabordsArticulação, rótula Articulación Articulation; hinge ArticulationÁrvore de falhas (na análise de risco)Arbol de fallas (en elanálisis de riesgo)Fault tree Arbre de défaillancesAsfalto Asfalto Asphalt (mixture ofasphaltic cement andmineral matter, or anaturally occurringmaterial)AsphalteAssentadores de tubos Asentadores de tubos Pipe laying machine;pipe-layerPose-tubesAssinatura do contrato Firma del contratoSigning of the contractSignature du marchéAssistente do chefe do projeto Asistente del jefe del proyecto Assistant of project manager; assistant ofengineer's representativeConducteur detravaux (côté maître d'oeuvre)Assoreamento Colmataje Aggradation;sedimentation; siltation; siltingRemblaiementAssoreamento comareiaColmataje con arena Accretion of sand Ensablement Assoreamento com lodo Colmataje con lodo Siltation; silting; filling with mud EnvasementAterro Terraplén Fill, embankmentRemblai (de n'importe quelle sorte, y compris lecomblement d'une dépression naturelle)Aterro a meia encosta Terraplén llenandomedia laderaHillside fill Remblai à flanc de coteauAterro cruzando vale Terraplén cruzandovalleCross-valley fill Remblai en travers de valléeAterro de material não selecionado Terraplén de material no seleccionado Random fill Remblai tout-venant Aterro de material selecionado Terraplén de material seleccionado Selected fill Remblai en matériaux sélectionnésAterro de pedras secas Terraplén de piedras secas Dry stone fill Remblai en pierres sêchesAterro experimental TerraplénexperimentalTrial embankment Remblai d'essai Aterro fechando vale Terraplén cerrandovalleValley fill Remblai decomblement de vallée Aterro inicial Terraplén inicial Starter damRemblai d'amorce Aterro lançado (não compactado)Terraplén no compactado Dumped fill Remblai déverséAterro na cumieira Terraplén en lacumbreRidge fillRemblai sur arête Ativo (contabilístico)Activo (contable)Asset (accounting)Actif (comptabilité)Ato de retirar água Acto de retirar aguaWithdrawal (from a reservoir)Prélèvement;déstockage; vidange (jusqu'au niveau minimal Atraso AtrasoDelay RetardAtritoRozamientoFrictionFrottementAtrito interno Rozamiento interno Internal friction Frottement interne Aumento daresistência com a deformaçãoAumento de la resistencia con la deformaciónStrain hardeningEcrouissageAumento do nível nutriente Aumento del nível de nutrientes Nutrient enrichmentAccroissement du niveau trophique (nutritif)Auscultação; monitoramento Auscultación; monitoreoMonitoring Auscultation AutomaçãoAutomatizaciónAutomationAutomatisationAutoridade responsável pelo controle Autoridad responsablepor el controlGovernmental controlauthorityAutoritégouvernementale decontrôleAvaliação econômica de um projeto Evaluación económicade un proyectoEconomic evaluationof a projectCalcul de la valeuréconomique d’unprojetAvaria Avería Breakdown PanneAbandono da barragem Abandono de la presa Abandonment of thedamAbandon du barrageAbertura Abertura Opening (for abarrage gate) Passe; pertuis (pour la vanne d'un barrage mobile)Abertura das propostas Abertura de laspropuestasOpening of tenders;bid opening (Am.)Ouverture des offresAbertura de limpeza Abertura de limpieza Scour outlet; scoursluicePertuis de chasse Abertura de poços;escavação de poçosAbertura de pozos Shaft sinking Fonçage de puitsAfastamento das barras Abertura entre lasbarrasClear openingbetween barsEcartement entrebarreaux (vide entredeux barreaux)Abertura para passagem de gelo Abertura para pasajede hieloIce chute Pertuis à glaceAblação Ablación Ablation AblationAmolecimentos dos materiais Ablandamiento de losmaterialesSoftening (ofmaterials)Ramollissement desmatériauxAbrasão Abrasión Abrasion AbrasionAbraço (da barragem)Abrazo Overlap; wrap aroundarea; enfoldingconnection_Absorção Absorción Absorption ImbibitionAbsorção de calda Absorción de lechada Grout take Absorption de coulis Empolamento Abultamiento Bulking Foisonnement Acabamento Acabado Finishing FinitionAcabamento a colher Acabado a la cuchara Trowelled finish Fini à la lisseuse Acabamento a régua Acabado a la regla Screeded finish Fini au profileur Acabamento a talocha(desempenadeira)Acabado al fratacho Floated finish Fini à la talocheAcabador de superfície Acabadora desuperficie Finishing machine;finisherFinisseur; surfaceuseFalésia Acantilado Cliff FalaiseAção de congelamento Acción decongelamientoFrost action Action du gel Ação das ondas Acción de las ondas Wave action BatillageAceleração máxima do terreno Aceleración máximadel terrenoPeak groundaccelerationAccélération de pointedu solAcelerador de pega Acelerador delfraguado Set accelerator;acceleratingadmixture,accelerating agentAccélérateur de priseAcelerógrafo Acelerógrafo Accelerograph Accelérographe Acelerômetro Acelerómetro Accelerometer Accéléromètre Aceitação Aceptación Acceptance RéceptionAceitação definitiva Aceptación definitiva Final acceptance Réception définitive。

水利水电工程英文专业词汇

水利水电工程英文专业词汇

水工建筑物专业词汇岸墙land wall坝顶dam crest，dam top坝踵dam heel坝趾dam toe板桩sheet pile边墩side pier，land pier变形模量deformation modulus鼻坎bucket lip毕肖普法Bishop method冰压力ice pressure剥离desquamation侧槽式溢洪道side channel Spillway沉降settlement齿墙cut-off trench冲沙闸（排沙闸）silt-releasing Sluice纯拱法independent arch method刺墙key-wall大头坝massive-head buttress dam*buttress 是扶壁的意思单宽流量discharge per unit width单曲拱坝single-curvature arch dam挡潮闸tidal sluice导流隧洞river diversion tunnel倒悬度Overhang degree底流消能energy dissipation by underflow地震作用earthquake action垫座cushion abutment动水压力hydrodynamic pressure断层fault堆石坝rock-fill dam多拱梁法multi-arch beam method阀门valve gate防浪墙wave wall防渗铺盖impervious blanket非常溢洪道emergency spillway分洪闸flood diversion sluice副坝auxiliary dam刚体极限平衡法limit equilibrium method for rigid block 拱坝arch dam拱冠梁crown cantilever拱冠粱法crown cantilever method工作桥service bridge固结灌浆consolidation grouting灌溉隧洞irrigation tunnel灌浆帷幕grout curtain管涌piping海漫apron extension横缝transverse joint虹吸式溢洪道siphon spillway蝴蝶阀butterfly valve护坡slope protection护坦apron弧形闸门radial gate滑雪道式溢洪道ski-jump spillway化学管涌chemical piping混凝土防渗墙concrete cut-off wall混凝土面板堆石坝concrete faced rock-fill dam 基本断面primary section简化毕肖普法simplified Bishop method浆砌石拱坝stone masonry arch dam浆砌石重力坝stone masonry gravity dam交通桥traffic bridge接触冲刷contact scouring接触灌浆contact grouting接缝灌浆joint grouting截水槽cut-off trench节制闸check sluice进水口water inlet进水闸inlet sluice井式溢洪道shaft spillway静水压力hydrostatic pressure均质坝homogeneous earth dam抗滑稳定分析analysis of stability against sliding 抗滑稳定性stability against sliding空腹重力坝hollow gravity dam空化cavitation空蚀cavitation erosion空注阀hollow jet valve宽缝重力坝slotted gravity dam宽尾墩flaring pier廊道gallery浪压力wave force理论计算theoretical computation拦河闸river sluice沥青混凝土asphalt concrete连拱坝multiple-arch dam流土soil flow流网法flow net method锚杆anchor rod面板face slab面流消能energy dissipation by surface flow模型试验model experiment泥沙压力silt pressure碾压混凝土坝Roller Compacted Concrete Dam 牛腿Corbel排沙隧洞silt-releasing tunnel排水drainage排水闸outlet sluice喷混凝土sprayed concrete平板坝flat slab buttress dam平面闸门plane gate破碎带crushed zone铺盖blanket砌石护坡stone pitching人工材料面板坝artificial material faced dam 人工材料心墙坝artificial material-core dam溶洞solution cavern软基重力坝gravity dam on soft foundation软弱夹层soft intercalated layer实用断面practical section试载法trial-load method双曲拱坝double-curvature arch dam水工建筑物hydraulic structure水工隧洞hydraulic tunnel，waterway tunnel 水力发电隧洞hydropower tunnel水利枢纽hydro-complex水力学方法hydraulics method水平施工缝horizontal joint水闸sluice弹性模量elastic modulus挑流消能energy dissipation by trajectory jet土工膜geomembrane土石坝earth-rock dam土质斜墙坝earth dam with inclined soil wall 土质斜心墙坝earth dam with inclined soil core 土质心墙坝earth dam with soil core帷幕灌浆curtain grouting温度荷载temperature load温度控制temperature control温度应力temperature stress温度作用temperature action无压隧洞free level tunnel消力池stilling pool消力戽roller bucket消能工energy dissipater泄洪隧洞spillway tunnel泄水建筑物discharge structure泄水孔outlet hole新奥法NATM（New Austrian Tunneling Method）胸墙breast wall扬压力uplift溢洪道spillway水垫塘plunge pool溢流坝overflow dam、翼墙wing wall应力分析stress analysis优化设计optimization design有限单元法finite element method有压隧洞pressure tunnel闸墩pier闸门gate闸门槽gate slot正槽式溢洪道normal channel spillway整体式重力坝monolithic gravity dam趾板toe slab支墩坝buttress dam重力坝gravity dam重力墩gravity abutment 周边缝peripheral joint 驻波standing wave锥形阀cone valve自由跌流free drop自重dead weight纵缝longitudinal joint键槽key strench伸缩缝contraction joint 施工缝construction joint 反弧段flip bucket拦污栅trash rack渐变段transition泄槽chute发电进水口power intake 通气管air vent检修门bulkhead gate事故门emergency gate 工作门service gate堰weir通气管air vent胸墙breast wall梁beam柱column回填混凝土backfill concrete 接地earth一期混凝土primary concrete 二期混凝土secondary concrete 叠梁门stoplog门机gantry crane止水waterstop钢筋reinforcement模板formwork围堰cofferdam马道bench；berm蜗壳volute水轮机turbine电站power house车间workshop发电机generator变电站transformer station副厂房auxiliary power house安装间erection bay尾水闸门tail lock尾水渠tailrace引水渠approach channel前池fore bay导墙lead wall隔墙partition wall接触灌浆contact grouting回填混凝土backfill concrete帷幕灌浆curtain grouting挡墙retaining wall港口harbour港口建筑物port structure船闸navigation lock船闸充水lock filling船闸充水和泄水系统locking filling and emptying system 船闸前池upper pool船闸上下游水位差lock lift船闸闸首lock head升船机ship elevator；ship lift鱼道fish canal旁通管by-pass 齿槽cut-off wall。

水电英语专业单词

水电英语专业单词

diversion;导流，引水seismologist;地震学家
drawdown;水位下降service gate;工作闸门
drift;导洞service life;使用年限
drilling;钻孔settlement;沉降
drop inlet spillway;竖井跌水式溢洪道shaft spillway;竖井式溢洪道
factor of safety安全因素straight drop spillway;垂直跌落式溢洪道
failure-free performance;无故障运行streambed;河床
feasibility-grade;可行性阶段strike;走向
filter zone;反滤体submerged gate;淹没式闸门
Finite Element Method;有限单元法subsidence;沉降
fish-passing facility;过鱼建筑物subsurface;次表层的，表层下的
flap gate翻板闸门surcharge;超载
flashboard;挡水闸板suspended sediment;悬移质泥沙
corrosion-resistant;抗腐蚀性，耐蚀力reconnaissance;勘测
counterbalance gate;反平衡闸门recurring stream;循环水
crown cantilever;拱冠梁reservoir;水库,蓄水池
culvert;涵洞retaining wall;挡土墙，挡水墙
cavitation;气穴现象overhaul;大修
central angle;中心角peak flood flow;洪峰，洪峰流量
central core dam;心墙坝penstock;压力管道