英语句子种类与类型

1、陈述句 说明一个事实或陈述一个看法，有肯定式和否 定式，语序是主语在前，位于在后。
I
She arrived early.
She cannot have arrived now.
、 句
注：1）半否定句
子
I hardly know anything about it.
种 类
2）部分否定句与全否定句
I
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择 疑问句、反义疑问句。
1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或 no，注意语序。
、 句
Have you anything to say?
子
种
Did someone phone me last night?
类
Can’t you understand it?
句
（2）倒装语序
子
种
Who are you talking about?
类
注：A、简略式 Why not go alone? Why get so angry? How/What about taking a rest?
B、复杂特殊疑问句
What do you think he has done?
3）选择疑问句
I
(1)以一般疑问句为基础
、
Is he a teacher or a doctor or a policeman?
句
子
Shall I help you or can you manage?
种
类
(2)以特殊疑问句为基础 Which do you prefer, red wine or white? How shall we go there? By bus or by train?

一般疑问句的改写 二改
1. 第一人称改成第二人称。即：I\we 改成you 2. 句中some 改为 any ; and 改为 or。
三问号 最后加“？”
Exercise 按要求改写句子
1. You can use this dictionary and that pen.（改为一般疑问句） Can you use this dictionary or that pen?
学习目标
1. 了解句子的种类。 2. 掌握什么是简单句。 3. 掌握各种简单句的结构与用法。
句子在结构上分为三类：
（一个主谓结构） 简单句 （and、but、so等） 并列句 （主句和从句） 复合句
1. I like apples.
2. We go to the same school
and we love soocer.
2. Her mother isn't a teacher.（改为肯定句） Her mother is a teacher.
3. He goes to school at seven in the morning.（改为否定句）
He doesn't go to school at seven in the morning.
3. 含有实义动词(have\like...)的一般疑问句，用助动词do或
does来回答。
Does he like English?
Yes, he does要看问句的主语 Exercise 易错题
1.
your name Black?
A. Are; it is B. Are; I am
Yes,
C.
C. Is; it is
D. Is; it isn't

常见的可接带to不定式宾补的动词有： tell,ask,want,would like,wish,teach,invite… V + O + OC (V sb to do sth)
My deskmate often makes me laugh.
常见的可接不带to不定式当宾补的动词有： 一感二听三让五看” feel,/ hear, listen to, / let, make, have, /look at, see, , watch, notice, observe V + O + OC (V sb do sth)
英语句子基本成分示意图
宾语 宾语 宾补 宾语(间) 宾语(直) Vi（不及物动词）
表语
系动词
I like the golden eagle.
It has a hooked beak.
It looks strong.
It is lovely.
S
S
S
S
V
V
linking verbs(系动词)
for, so, therefore, thus
or, otherwise, either…or
练习：用适当的连词填空
1.August is the time of the year for harvesting , ________every day I work from dawn until dark. 2.He is a basketball fan,____ his wife is a volleyball fan. 3.Honey is sweet,_____ the bee stings. 4.Don’t be late, ______there is a meeting. 5.Hurry up, ____you’ll be late. 6.He works hard ______his brother is a lazy bone. 7.He was enjoying his KFC _____ a friend came.

English Grammar
Sentence II
英语句子种类与类型
I、句子种类（按交际用途分） 陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、感叹句、 THERE-BE存在句
II、句子类型（按句子结构分） 简单句、并列句、复合句、并列复合句
提 纲
I、句子种类（按交际用途分）
陈述句、疑问句、祈使句、 感叹句、THERE-BE存在句
2、疑问句 有一般疑问句、特殊疑问句、选择
疑问句、反义疑问句。
1）一般疑问句 用来询问一件事，答案通常是yes或
I
no，注意语序。
、
Have you anything to say?
句
子
Did someone phone me last night?
种
类
Can’t you understand it?
Isn’t it a beautiful lake?
---Haven’t you been to the UK?
---No, I haven’t.
2）特殊疑问句 疑问词有
who,whose,what,which,where,when,why,how等。
（1）陈述语序
I
Who was the first man in space?
、
（2）倒装语序
Hale Waihona Puke 句 子Who are you talking about?
种
类
注：A、简略式
Why not go alone? Why get so angry?
I like neither Cathy nor Mary.
3)否定转移
I don’t think it will be very cold today.