第四讲企事业单位宣传资料的翻译——入门练习一、请各位同学认真阅读并思考如何翻译下面文字。
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中英企事业宣传资料对比企事业宣传资料翻译一、功能翻译理论研究概况“翻译的‘功能主义’就是指专注于文本与翻译的一种或多种功能的研究”“Functionalist” means focusing on function or functions of texts and translation—Nord,2001:1宏观功能翻译理论：1）德国功能学派翻译理论2）纽马克语义翻译与交际翻译理论3.1 德国功能学派Katharina Reiss 1971 《翻译批评的可能性与限制》(Possibilities and Limits in Translation Criticism)Translation brief 翻译要求/翻译纲要优先考虑译文功能特征基于Karl Bühler语言功能：信息功能(informative function)，表情功能(expressive function)，感染功能(appellative function)三大功能文本类型：信息型(informative)表达型(expressive)诱导型/操作型(operative):(audiomedial texts):3.1 德国功能学派费米尔(Hans J·Vermeer)突破了对等理论的限制，正式提出了“目的论”(Skopostheorie)。
贾斯塔·赫兹曼·塔利(Justa Holz-Mänttäri)以行为理论为基础，提出了“翻译行为”(Translational Action)的概念。
曼塔利把翻译视为一种跨文化，跨语言交际的转换活动，进一步拓展了功能翻译理论的领域。
3.1 德国功能学派克里斯蒂安·诺德(Christiane Nord)翻译的“忠实原则”(loyalty principle)，并根据文本功能与翻译目的的关系提出了“纪实翻译”(documentary translation) 和“工具翻译”(instrumental translation)两大翻译方法。
