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过去分词作宾语补足语1.过去分词的结构：done2.宾语补足语的定义：指跟随在直接宾语之后修饰和补充说明直接宾语的单词或短语；e.g. ①His father named him Doming.②They painted their house white.③He asked me to lend my computer to him.④We saw her leaving.⑤I always find him in the classroom.⑥Let the fresh air in.⑦You cannot call it what you will.⑧We must get the work finished by 10 o’clock.3. 过去分词作宾语补足语:(1)用法：①及物动词(短语)的过去分词用作宾语补足语时，宾语即是过去分词的逻辑宾语，宾语和过去分词之间存在逻辑上的被动关系。
e.g. He got his bad tooth pulled out yesterdayHe found his new bike stolen.②少数不及物动词如go, change, fall 等的过去分词作宾语补足语时，仅表示动作完成。
因此，宾语与过去分词之间不存在逻辑上的被动关系。
e.g. I found the leaves fallen two days ago.She found her necklace gone on her way home.③动词seat, hide, dress 等的过去分词作宾语补足语一般表示宾语的状态，而不表示被动或完成的意义。
e.g. On coming in, I found a girl seated in the corner.I like her dressed in red.(2)使用情况①用在部分系动词（keep, leave）之后表状态或是被动；e.g. They kept the door locked for a long time.Don’t leave the windows broken like this all the time.②部分使役动词(get, have, make, etc.)之后表被动；e .g. I have had my bike repaired.I raised my voice to make myself heard.③像Watch, notice, see, hear, listen to, feel, find等动词之后表被动或是状态；e.g. When we got to school, we saw the door locked.We can hear the windows beaten by the heavy rain drops.④像want, wish, like, expect, order等动词之后表被动；e.g. The teacher won’t like the problem discussed at the moment.I want the suit made to his own measure.⑤用于“with +宾语+宾语补足语”的结构表被动或完成。
Contents英语宾语补足语用法详解 (2)一、概念 (2)二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语 (2)三、可以用分词作主语或宾语补足语的动词 (3)典例精析： (4)英语宾语补足语用法详解一、概念分词作主语补足语和宾语补足语其实是同一成分用于两种不同的句式中。
具体地说，主动态句子中的宾语补足语就是被动态句子中的主语补足语。
先了解宾语补足语，则很容易了解主语补足语。
宾语补足语：在英语中，某些及物动词不仅需要宾语，而且还要求某个词或词组来补充说明宾语，即表示宾语代表的人或物所发出的动作或所处的状态，这个词或短语称为宾语补足语。
有些语法书把宾语和补足语称为复合宾语。
句型：及物动词+宾语(n./pron.)+宾语补足语(n./adj./adv./to do/-ing/-ed/介词短语共7种表示法)该句型若变成被动语态，即将宾语提到句首作主语，原主动语态中的宾语补足语此时在被动语态中起到补充说明主语的作用，所以改称主语补足语。
例如：A cook will be immediately fired if he is found smoking in the kitchen.此句中smoking是主语he的补足语，所以称为主语补足语。
二、何时用现在分词、何时用过去分词作主语(宾语)补足语分词作主语(宾语)补足语时，若主语(宾语)与分词之间是主动关系，则用现在分词表示主动；如果主语(宾语)与分词之间是被动关系，则用过去分词表示被动。
例如：He was heard singing in the next room.He was singing.主语he与补足语“唱歌”之间是主动关系，故用现在分词singing。
One of the glasses was found broken.One of the glasses was broken.主语one of the glasses与补足语“打破”之间是被动关系，故用过去分词broken。
现在分词做宾语补足语现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，其结构为：主语+谓语+宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)使用此结构要特别注意：句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系，并不是所有的动词都可以跟宾语加现在分词作宾语补足语掌握现在分词作宾语补足语的结构要注意下面的五点一感官动词+宾语+现在分词，现在分词做宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行例如：He saw her working in the garden.他看见她正在花园里干活分析：He在句子中做主语，saw作谓语，her作宾语，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子，working in the garden宾语补足语I heard a bell ringing.我听见铃在响I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉到风吹着我的脸高中范围内，适用于感官动词+宾语+现在分词的结构，现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有：feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch等在listen to和look at后面也可跟宾语+现在分词(即宾语补足语)例如：Sometimes she would listen to him playing the saxophone.有时她会听他吹奏萨克斯管She looked at him waiting there.她瞧着他等在那里二使役动词+宾语+分词，现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语例如：His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思分析：His question在句子中做主语，has set作谓语，me 作宾语，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子，thinking做宾语补足语The arrival of the police sent the robbers running away quickly.警察的到来使强盗们四处逃窜The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time.农忙时，农民们让拖拉机夜以继日地干活The captain got the soldiers moving towards the front after a short rest.休息片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来高中范围内，适用于使役动词+宾语+现在分词的结构，现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语常用的动词有：make ,get，have，keep，leave，send，set等三上述两种结构可变为被动形式例如：He was found lying on the floor.有人发现他躺在地上分析：He在句子中做主语，was found作谓语，使用了被动语态，lying on the floor做宾语补足语请看下面的句子，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语He was seen sitting in a café.有人看见他坐在一家咖啡馆里The papers were left lying around.文件散落了一地四现在分词不定式作宾语补足语的区别feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch等感官动词，既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行；不带to的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成试比较下面句子：He saw her working in the garden.(She was working in the garden.)他看见她在花园里干活He saw her enter the room.(She entered the room.)他看见她走进屋子使役动词get，have既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不定式作宾语补足语get sb to do/have sb do sth表示使/让/叫某人去做某事，侧重动作的结果；have sb/sth doing表示使/让某人/物持续地做某事，侧重动作的持续；get sb/sth doing表示使某人/物开始行动起来，侧重动作的开始试比较下面的句子：Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.母亲让我到商店买一些盐I cant get him to stop smoking.He wont listen to me.我不能使他戒烟他不听我的话The mother had the boy cleaning the room the whole afternoon.(母亲让这个男孩整个下午清理房间)I cant get the car starting.(我不能把车发动起来)五现在分词有时用被动形式作宾语补足语，其结构为动词+宾语+being done例如：I saw him being carried away on a stretcher.我看见他被人用担架抬走分析：I在句子中做主语，saw作谓语，him作宾语，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语One could hear all kinds of things being discussed there.你可以听到那里在谈论的问题五花八门，无所不有高中范围内，适用于动词+宾语+being done的结构，现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有：feel，find，hear，notice，see，watch等练习：选择最佳答案1.---Why did you go back to the shop？---I left my friend________there.(2002上海)A.waitingB.to waitC.waitD.waits2.A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ___ in the kitchen.(2003北京春)A.smokeB.smokingC.to smokeD.smoked3.He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.(2004北京春)A.putB.to be puttingC.to putD.putting4.Dont leave the water ___ while you brush yourteeth.(2004天津)A.runB.runningC.being runD.to run答案：1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B★过去分词作宾语补足语请看一道高考题:The murderer was brought in, with his hands ______ behind his back.A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied分析:本题考查过去分词在with的复合结构中做宾语补足语的用法。
宾语补足语七种类型英语举例
宾语补足语是英语语法中的一种重要结构，它通常在动词和宾语之间添加一个形容词或副词来进一步描述宾语的状态或行为。
以下是七种常见的宾语补足语类型及其英语举例：
形容词作宾语补足语：
例句：I painted the house blue.（我把房子涂成蓝色。
）
副词作宾语补足语：
例句：He put the book back on the shelf.（他把书放回到书架上。
）介词短语作宾语补足语：
例句：I found the book on the table.（我在桌子上找到了这本书。
）动词不定式作宾语补足语：
例句：She asked me to help her with the task.（她让我帮她完成任务。
）
现在分词作宾语补足语：
例句：They saw the boys playing football.（他们看到男孩们在踢足球。
）
过去分词作宾语补足语：
例句：I heard the door locked.（我听到门被锁上了。
）
名词作宾语补足语：
例句：We elected him president.（我们选他为总统。
）
这些是七种常见的宾语补足语类型，每种都有不同的用法和特点。
理解这些结构可以帮助更好地掌握英语语法。
现在分词做宾语补足语现在分词在句子中可用作宾语补足语，其结构为：主语+谓语+宾语+现在分词（即宾语补足语）使用此结构要特别注意：句子中的宾语和宾语补足语在逻辑上是主动关系，并不是所有的动词都可以跟宾语加现在分词作宾语补足语掌握现在分词作宾语补足语的结构要注意下面的五点一感官动词+宾语+现在分词，现在分词做宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行例如：He saw her working in the garden.他看见她正在花园里干活分析：He在句子中做主语，saw作谓语，her作宾语，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子，working in the garden宾语补足语I heard a bell ringing.我听见铃在响I could feel the wind blowing on my face.我能感觉至U风吹着我的脸高中范围内，适用于感官动词+宾语+现在分词的结构，现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有：feel, find, hear, notice, observe, see, watch 等在listen to和look at后面也可跟宾语+现在分词（即宾语补足语）例如：Sometimes she would listen to him playing the saxophone. 有时她会听他吹奏萨克斯管She looked at him waiting there.她瞧着他等在那里二使役动词+宾语+分词，现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语例如：His question has set me thinking.他的问题让我深思分析：His question在句子中做主语，has set作谓语，me 作宾语，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子，thinking做宾语补足语The arrival of the police sent the robbers running away quickM警察的到来使强盗们四处逃窜The peasants had the tractor working day and night at the harvest time.农忙时，农民们让拖拉机夜以继日地干活The captain got the soldiers moving towards the front after a short rest.休息片刻之后，上尉让士兵们开始朝前线行进起来高中范围内，适用于使役动词+宾语+现在分词的结构，现在分词在句子中作宾语补足语常用的动词有：make ,get，have, keep, leave, send, set等三上述两种结构可变为被动形式例如：He was found lying on the floor.有人发现他躺在地上分析：He在句子中做主语，was found作谓语，使用了被动语态，lying on the floor做宾语补足语请看下面的句子，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语He was seen sitting in a caf 6.有人看见他坐在一家咖啡馆里The papers were left lying around.文件散落了一地四现在分词不定式作宾语补足语的区别feel，find，hear，notice，observe，see，watch 等感官动词，既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不带to的不定式作宾语补足语现在分词作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作正在进行；不带to 的不定式作句子中的宾语补足语，表示动作的完成试比较下面句子：He saw her working in the garden.(She was working in the garden.)他看见她在花园里干活He saw her enter the room.(She entered the room.)他看见她走进屋子使役动词get，have既可以跟现在分词也可以跟不定式作宾语补足语get sb to do/have sb do sth表示使/让/叫某人去做某事，侧重动作的结果；have sb/sth doing表示使/让某人/ 物持续地做某事，侧重动作的持续；get sb/sth doing表示使某人/物开始行动起来，侧重动作的开始试比较下面的句子：Mother had me go to the shop and buy some salt.母亲让我到商店买一些盐I cant get him to stop smoking.He wont listen to me.我不能使他戒烟他不听我的话The mother had the boy cleaning the room the whole afternoon.（母亲让这个男孩整个下午清理房间）I cant get the car starting.（我不能把车发动起来）五现在分词有时用被动形式作宾语补足语，其结构为动词+ 宾语+being done例如：I saw him being carried away on a stretcher.我看见他被人用担架抬走分析：I在句子中做主语，saw作谓语，him作宾语，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语请看下面的句子，划线部分在句子中作宾语补足语One could hear all kinds of things being discussed there.你可以听到那里在谈论的问题五花八门，无所不有高中范围内，适用于动词+宾语+being done的结构，现在分词作宾语补足语常用的动词有：feel, find, hear, notice, see, watch 等练习：选择最佳答案1 .---Why did you go back to the shop---I left my friend there.（2002上海）A.waitingB.to waitC.waitD.waits2 .A cook will be immediately fired if he is found ___ in the kitchen.（2003北京春）A.smokeB.smokingC.to smokeD.smoked3 .He looked around and caught a man ___ his hand into the pocket of a passenger.（2004北京春）A.putB.to be puttingC.to putD.putting4 .Dont leave the water ___ while you brush your teeth.（2004天津）A.runB.runningC.being runD.to run答案：1.A 2.B 3.D 4.B★过去分词作宾语补足语请看一道高考题：The murderer was brought in, with his hands behind his back.A. being tiedB. having tiedC. to be tiedD. tied分析:本题考查过去分词在with的复合结构中做宾语补足语的用法。
1 高承英语专题讲义（高承英语专题讲义（5656期高二）专题一分词作定语、表语和宾语补足语（一）分词做定语单个现在分词形式或过去分词形式作定语时，一般说来放在中心词（被修饰的名词或代词）之前；现在分词形式或过去分词形式短语作定语时，现在分词形式或过去分词形式短语作定语时，放在被修饰词之后，放在被修饰词之后，放在被修饰词之后，相当于一个相当于一个定语从句。
1) That is an interesting TV series. 那是一部非常有趣的电视剧。
那是一部非常有趣的电视剧。
2) The girl s itting sitting by my side is my cousin. 坐在我旁边的是我表妹。
坐在我旁边的是我表妹。
3) The excited children were opening their Christmas presents. 兴奋的孩子们正在打开他们的圣诞礼物。
4) They reduced the number of animals used in experiment s . 他们减少了用于试验的动物数量。
【used in experiments = which were used in experiments 】（二）分词做表语现在分词作表语表示主语的特征，常用于事物；过去分词作表语表示主语的状态，常用于人。
1) The news is really exciting . 那消息真让人兴奋。
2) She looked disappointed after she lost the game. 输掉那场比赛后，她看上去很失望。
（三）分词做宾语补足语现在分词形式和过去分词形式可作复合宾语中的补足语。
1. 在表示感觉和心理状态的动词see 、hear 、feel 、smell 、listen(to)、notice 、observe 、smell 、watch 这类表示感觉的动词之后常跟“宾语+现在分词”的复合结构，这种动词与分词之间的宾语可以是普通名词或专有名词（人名等），也可以是代词宾格（him 、us 等）。
宾语补足语的归纳总结宾语补足语是高考英语中常考的，但有许多考生都被难住了，那考生要怎么克服这个难点呢？尚不了解的小伙伴们看过来，下面由小编为你精心准备了“宾语补足语的归纳总结”，持续关注本站将可以持续获取更多的考试资讯!宾语补足语的归纳总结宾语补足语是英语教学中的难点，也是高考的热点，更是书面表达中必须具备的一种句型结构。
中学教学中最常见的使役动词有:make，have，leave。
他们都表示“使得”，后面都可接宾语+宾语补足语的结构，但用法上有所不同。
1. 我们推选他为我们足球队队长。
We made him captain of our football team.2. 我们队赢了的消息使我们大家非常高兴。
The news that our team had won made us very happy.3. 大雨使得我们无法出去。
The heavy rain made it impossible for us to go out.4. 奇怪的声音使我们感到恐惧。
The strange noise made us frightened.5. 在交通嘈杂声中他无法使自己的声音提高到让别人听到。
He couldn’t make himself heard above the noise of the traffic.6. 什么东西使得草生长?What makes the grass grow?注意:过去分词作make的宾语补足语时，变为被动语态不用加to; 但当不定式作其宾补时，变为被动语态一定要加to。
这个男孩被迫每天干十二个小时的活。
The boy was made to work twelve hours a day.1. Paul doesn’t have to be made ____. He always works hard.A. learnB. to learnC. learnedD. learning2. The result of the entrance exams was not made ____ to the public until last Thursday.A. knowingB. knownC. to knowD. to be known答案:1.B2.Bhave sb. do sth.使得某人做某事have sb. doing sth.使得某人一直做某事have sth. done使得某事被做1. The teacher had her ____(recite) the text again.2. He wants to have his eyes ____(examine) tomorrow.3. Be careful， or you’ll have your hands ____(hurt).4. He had the girl ____(stand) in the classroom the whole morning.5. He had the walls ____(paint) this morning.答案:1.recite 2.examined 3.hurt 4.standing 5.painted只能用doing的情况1. 表示正在发生Be quick. They have the car waiting for you at the school gate.2. 否定句中表示(不能)容忍某人做……Iwon’t have him cheating in the exam.3. 表示某一时间内一直延续不断的动作He had us laughing all through the meals.1. I’ve had my radio ____ so soon because my father had me ____ it. A. repair; done B. repaired; do C. repairing; do D. repaired; done2. You can’t have the horse ____ all the way. It’s too hot.A. runB. to runC. runningD. to be running3. Mrs. Brown was much disappointed to see the washing machine she had had ____ went wrong again.A. itB. it repairedC. repairedD. to be repaired4. We will have you ____(know) that the machine has been made ____(work) at full speed.答案:1.B 2.C 3.C 4.know， to work1. 用形容词作宾语补足语出去时，不要关门。
分词分词作宾语补足语。
1．现在分词和过去分词都可以作宾语补足语。
在5看（look at, see, watch, notice, observe）；3使（make, let, have）；2听（listen to, hear）；1感觉（fell）。
，此外find, catch, keep, have.I heard a girl crying next door.I heard someone knocking at the door.He kept me waiting for a long time.I saw Tom entering the room.I found my key lost.I found the boy beaten black and blue.He made himself understood.John will get his room painted.Exercises1:1) I heard my name ________________ ( call).2) His voice was too low to make himself ________________(hear) .3) We found the eggs_________________( eat) by the snake.4) You’d better have/get your hair ______________ ( cut).5) I had my left arm________________(break) yesterday.ExercisesII:141. She was glad to see her child well __________.A. take care ofB. taken care ofC. taken careD. taking care of142. Why do you stand and watch the milk __________.A. boilingB. boiledC. from boilingD. having been boiled 143. I’ve heard him __________ about you often. A. spoke B. speaking C. speak D. to speak 144. Before he came to London, he had never heard a single English word __________.A. speakingB. spokenC. speakD. being spoken145. Walking along the river, we heard someone __________ for help.A. shoutingB. shoutC. shoutedD. having shouted146. I held the little bird in my hand and felt its heart __________.A. jumpingB. beatingC. bumpingD. knocking147. ---“Do you smell anything unusual?” ---“Yes. I can smell something __________.”A. burningB. is burningC. having burntD. burn148. Why do you have the water __________ all the time?A. ranB. to be runningC. runningD. being running149. Ellen was absent this morning because she had her tooth __________.A. fillingB. having been filledC. filledD. full150. I can’t ______ you running up and down all day long. A. permit B. let C. have D. allow 151. Is there anything you want from town? I’m going to get __________.A. those letters mailedB. mailed lettersC. to mailed those lettersD. those letters mail 152. The teacher got the students __________ all the words they didn’t know.A. looked upB. looking inC. to look upD. look at153. What did the school master want __________ to the noisy children?A. doingB. to doC. doneD. did154. They wanted the work _______with great care. A. to have done B. to be done C. doing D. to do 155. I need this chapter _______ before tomorrow. A. rewriting B. rewritten C. rewrite D. to write again156. Having read the Emperor’s New Clothes, we all found it __________.A. interestB. interestedC. interestingD. to interest157. When she returned home, she found the window open and something __________.A. to stealB. losingC. missedD. stolen158. My hometown is found __________.A. complete changingB. having completely changedC. completely changepletely changed 159. We found many people __________ in the meeting room.A. seatB. seatingC. to seatD. seated160. There was so much noise that the speaker could not make himself _________.A. being heardB. heardC. hearingD. hear161. Because of my poor English I’m afraid I can’t make myself _________.A. understandB. be understoodC. understoodD. understanding162. Don’t let him __________ you __________ for a long time.A. to make, waitB. make, to waitC. make, waitD. to make, to wait163. He kept me __________ for many hours.A. to waitB. having been waitedC. waitingD. waited164. Mother caught the boy _____in the corner. A. smoke B. to smoke C. smoking D. being smoked 165. John left his coat __________ on the sofa.. A. laying B. lying C. laid D. lain答案：141-145 BACBA 146-150 BACCC 151-155 ACCBB156-160 CDDDB 161-165 CCCCB分词做状语主动被动1) 一般式writing being written2) 完成式having written having been written1. Feeling tired, Tom went to bed early.2. Not wanting to wake her, Steve left the house silently3. Having finished his homework, he went out.4. Asked by my mother, I was eager to help her solve the snake problem.5. Having been told many times, she still can’t remember it.6. Given more time, I can do it better现在分词或分词短语做状语时,也可以表示时间、原因、结果、条件、让步、方式、伴随状况等.其逻辑主语必须和句子的主语一致,有时with\without +名词或代词宾格+分词也可以表示伴随状况如: While reading the book, he nodded from time to time. (时间)The teacher stood there, surrounded by the students. (方式)He sent me an e-mail, hoping to get further information.(伴随)分词作时间状语，如果先与主动词的动作，且强调先后，要用having done。
如:Having answered the letter, she went on to listen to the radio.Having been criticized by the teacher, Li Ming gave up smoking .注意:如果是否定句,not 一般放在句首,如:Not having received his reply, he decided to write again.分词做状语时有时可在其前面加上while、when 、if 、even if 、although 、once、unless等连词,使用何种分词仍然取决于与主语的关系,主动关系用现在分词,被动关系用过去分词.如:While staying in Beijing , I visited some of my friends .Unless invited, I will not attend his party.Although working very hard, he couldn't satisfy his boss.分词短语作状语时，通常与主句中的主语在逻辑上一致，一般来说,句子的主语应是分词的逻辑主语,不然,就会出现不一致的情况但有时它也可以有自己独立的逻辑上的主语，这种结构称为独立主格结构。
