2022年大学六级真题听力原文答案详解

6月英语六级听力真题、答案、原文Section A11. A) The man failed to keep his promise.B) The woman has a poor memory.C) The man borrowed the book from the library.D) The woman does not need the book any more.12. A) The woman is making too big a fuss about her condition.B) Fatigue is a typical symptom of lack of exercise.C) The woman should spend more time outdoors.D) People tend to work longer hours with artificial lighting.13. A) The printing on her T-shirt has faded.B) It is not in fashion to have a logo on a T-shirt.C) She regrets having bought one of the T-shirts.D) It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt.14. A) He regrets having published the article.B) Most readers do not share his viewpoints.C) Not many people have read his article.D) The woman is only trying to console him.15. A) Leave Daisy alone for the time being.B) Go see Daisy immediately.C) Apologize to Daisy again by phone.D) Buy Daisy a new notebook.16. A) Batteries.B) Garden tools.C) Cameras.D) Light bulbs.17. A) The speakers will watch the game together.B) The woman feels lucky to have got a ticket.C) The man plays center on the basketball team.D) The man can get the ticket at its original price.18. A) The speakers will dress formally for the concert.B) The man will return home before going to the concert.C) It is the first time the speakers are attending a concert.D) The woman is going to buy a new dress for the concert.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the conversation you have just heard.19. A) He wants to sign a long-term contract.B) He is good at both language and literature.C) He prefers teaching to administrative work.D) He is undecided as to which job to go for.20. A) They hate exams.B) The all plan to study in Cambridge.C) They are all adults.D) They are going to work in companies.21. A) Difficult but rewarding.B) Varied and interesting.C) Time-consuming and tiring.D) Demanding and frustrating.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the conversation you have just heard.22. A) Interviewing a moving star.B) Discussing teenage role models.C) Hosting a television show.D) Reviewing a new biography.23. A) He lost his mother.B) He was unhappy in California.C) He missed his aunt.D) He had to attend school there.24. A) He delivered public speeches.B) He got seriously into acting.C) He hosted talk shows on TV.D) He played a role in East of Eden.25. A) He made numerous popular movies.B) He has long been a legendary figure.C) He was best at acting in Hollywood tragedies.D) He was the most successful actor of his time.Section BPassage OneQuestions 26 to 29 are based on the conversation you have just heard.26. A) It carried passengers leaving an island.B) A terrorist forced it to land on Tenerife.C) It crashed when it was circling to land.D) 18 of its passengers survived the crash.27. A) He was kidnapped eight months ago.B) He failed in his negotiations with the Africans.C) He was assassinated in Central Africa.D) He lost lots of money in his African business.28. A) The management and union representatives reached an agreement.B) The workers' pay was raised and their working hours were shortened.C) The trade union gave up its demand.D) The workers on strike were all fired.29. A) Sunny.B) Rainy.C) Windy.D) Cloudy.Passage TwoQuestions 30 to 32 are based on the passage you have just heard.30. A) Some of them had once experienced an earthquake.B) Most of them lacked interest in the subject.C) Very few of them knew much about geology.D) A couple of them had listened to a similar speech before.31. A) By reflecting on Americans' previous failures in predicting earthquakes.B) By noting where the most severe earthquake in U. S. history occurred.C) By describing the destructive power of earthquakes.D) By explaining some essential geological principles.32. A) Interrupt him whenever he detected a mistake.B) Focus on the accuracy of the language he used.C) Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.D) Write down any points where he could improve. Passage ThreeQuestions 33 to 35 are based on the passage you have just heard.33. A) It was invented by a group of language experts in the year of 1887.B) It is a language that has its origin in ancient Polish.C) It was created to promote economic globalization.D) It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.34. A) It aims to make Esperanto a working language in the U. N.B) It has increased its popularity with the help of the media.C) It has encountered increasingly tougher challenges.D) It has supporters from many countries in the world.35. A) It is used by a number of influential science journals.B) It is widely taught at schools and in universities.C) It has aroused the interest of many young learners.D) It has had a greater impact than in any other country.Section CGeorge Herbert Mead said that humans are talked into humanity. He meant that we gain personal identity as we communicate with others. In the earliest years of our lives, ourparents tell us who we are. "You're (36) ______." "You're so strong." We first see ourselves through the eyes of others, so their messages form important (37) ______ of our self-concepts. Later we interact with teachers, friends, (38) ______ partners, and co-workers who communicate their views of us.Thus, how we see ourselves (39) ______ the views of us that others communicate.The (40) ______ connection between identity and communication is (41) ______ evident in children who are (42) ______ of human contact. Case studies of children who were isolated from others reveal that they lack a firm self-concept, and their mental and psychological development is severely (43) ______ by lack of language.Communication with others not only affects our sense of identity but also directly influences our physical and emotional well-being. Consistently, (44) ________________________________________________. People who lack close friends have greater levels of anxiety and depression than people who are close to others. (45) ________________________________________________. The conclusion was that social isolation is statistically as dangerous as high blood pressure, smoking and obesity.Many doctors and researchers believe that (46) ________________________________________________.听力答案Section A11. A The man failed to keep his promise.12. C The woman should spend more time outdoors.13. D It is not a good idea to buy the T-shirt.14. B Most readers do not share his viewpoints.15. A Leave Daisy alone for the time being.16. A Batteries.17. D The man can get the ticket at its original price.18. A The speakers will dress formally for the concert.19. D He is undecided as to which job to go for.20. C They are all adults.21. B Varied and interesting.22. C Hosting a television show.23. A He lost his mother.24. B He got seriously into acting.25. B He has long been a legendary figure.Section B26. C It crashed when it was circling to land.27. A He was kidnapped eight months ago.28. A The management and union representatives reached an agreement.29. B rainy30. C Very few of them knew much about geology.31. B By noting where the most severe earthquake in U.S. history occurred.32. C Stop him when he had difficulty understanding.33. D It is a tool of communication among speakers of different languages.34. D It has supporters from many countries in the world.35. D It has had greater impact than in any other country.Section C36. intelligent 37. Foundations 38. Romantic 39. reflects40. Profound 41. Dramatically 42. Deprived 43. hindered44. research shows that communicating with others promotes health, whereas social isolation is linked to stress, disease, and early death.45. A group of researchers reviewed scores of studies that traced the relationship between health and interaction withothers.46. loneliness harms the immune system, making us more vulnerable to a range of miner and major illnesses.。

大学英语六级考试第二部分听力理解A节说明：在本节中，你将听到两篇长对话。

在每一篇对话的最后，你将会听到四个问题。

对话和问题均播放一遍。

听到问题后，你需要从A)、B)、C)和D)四个选项中选出最佳答案。

然后将相应的答案涂在答题卡1上。

对话一男：你的论文进展如何？我正在校对我的初稿，明天会提交给我的教授。

女：哦，我甚至还没有开始写。

所以我真的很担心下个学期末完不成。

男：你是说你还没开始?还有五个月就要交终稿了。

女：我当然已经开始了，但我还没有开始写作，因为我还没有找到足够的资源来使用，所以我还在研究这个话题。

男：也许问题出在你做研究的方式上。

我在开始前先和我的教授讨论了去哪里找信息。

基于此，我在图书馆找到了参考书，并在网上找到了许多知名的期刊文章。

女：我已经都尝试过了，但不够用来写论文，因为我们学院要求论文至少要写70页。

我认为问题是我的题目不可行。

老实说，我的教授一开始确实警告过我，说我可能无法找到足够的材料。

但我对这个话题非常感兴趣，以至于他的建议并没有让我转变。

男：好吧，我建议你找一个新话题。

毕竟，我们的教授在这里指导我们，所以最好听从他们的意见。

女：回想起来，我真希望我听了他的话，但我没有。

现在我不想放弃我的题目，因为我已经投入了大量的时间和精力。

男：如果你坚持你现在的题目，也许你可以做一些调整，而不是完全放弃它。

你的题目是什么？女：《关于我国南方女性的气质和民间传说的描述》。

男：那相当狭窄了。

如果把题目扩大，你可以找到更多的材料，也许可以加入其他类型的描述。

女：扩大题目是一个好主意。

我可以从将其他地区的民间传说加进来开始。

请根据你刚刚听到的对话回答问题1到4。

1.关于自己的论文，女士说了什么？2.关于自己的教授，男士说了什么？3.关于自己的教授，女士说了什么？4.我们了解到女士为了完成论文会做什么？对话二女：今天，在《书论》节目上，我们有幸邀请到约翰·罗宾斯，并讨论他的新书《为什么美国人很胖以及我们如何减肥》。

2022年9月六级真题及答案解析Part I. Listening Comprehension (30 points)Section A1. B) Take a walk by the lake.2. D) They are too expensive.3. C) To predict weather patterns.4. A) The woman did not pass the exam.5. C) Buy a monthly pass.6. D) She disagrees with the review.7. A) Possess the necessary skills.8. B) Join the photography club.9. D) It was basically a waste of time.10. C) He lost his watch.Section B11. C) Making speeches.12. A) Limiting water usage.13. B) Public transportation funding.14. D) Interviewing potential employees.15. B) The company's policies.16. C) They think the food is overpriced.17. A) Prepare to book a hotel room.18. D) Rewrite the article.19. C) Translate the manual.20. A) The man should return to the store. Section C21. B) A comprehensive guide to the city.22. D) A change in the opening time of the library.23. A) She found it helpful.24. C) Make a reservation.25. B) She is interested in the National Park.26. A) Offer technical support.27. B) Take a philosophy course.28. D) Give the woman a ride to work.29. C) The professor can help the student with his research.30. D) Industrial design.Part II. Reading Comprehension (40 points)Section A31. H) the way we communicate32. D) They may undermine the credibility of scientific research.33. J) They reduce the attractiveness of many publications.34. C) It overemphasizes trendy topics.35. A) Providing strict editorial standards.36. B) They offer a more practical approach to science reporting.37. F) They may better recognize scientific breakthroughs.38. I) Their reporting is audience-centered.39. G) They write with a specialized and technical vocabulary.40. E) They appeal to readers' curiosity.Section B41. A) The role of peer influence in language acquisition.42. C) An examination of two different approaches to language acquisition.43. C) They may have divergent learning goals.44. A) It is more formal and prescriptive.45. B) They all speak Mandarin.46. D) Speaking styles are influenced by regional dialects.47. B) There are arbitrary rules to pronunciation.48. A) It encourages verbal interaction.49. D) Real-life communication.50. C) It can bring greater motivation to learners.Section C51. A) The challenges of mapping the ocean floor.52. B) They help build a more complete picture of underwater landscapes.53. B) Exploring under the Antarctic sea ice.54. C) Parasailing55. D) The technology used in underwater mapping.56. B) It can capture data on large areas quickly.57. D) Use 3D modeling to visualize the ocean floor.58. A) Measure currents and tides.59. C) It allows real-time mapping and analysis.60. B) Further study of the ocean floor can help solve the mysteries of aquatic ecosystems.Part III. Translation (20 points)61. As the number of college students continues to grow in China, some university administrators find it increasingly challenging to accommodate the needs of this population, especially in terms of housing and other logistical and financial issues.随着大学生数量在中国不断增长，一些大学的管理人员发现，尤其在住房等后勤和财务方面，更难以满足这一人口的需求。

2022年12月六级真题第1套听力原文大学英语六级考试College English Test Band 6Part ⅡListening Comprehension第二部分听力理解Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations.说明：在本节中，你将听到两篇长对话。

At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.在每一篇对话的最后，你将会听到四个问题。

Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.对话和问题均播放一遍。

After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).听到问题后，你需要从A)、B)、C)和D)四个选项中选出最佳答案。

Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.然后将相应的答案涂在答题卡1上。

Conversation One对话一M: How's your dissertation going?男：你的论文进展如何？I'm proofreading my first draft and will submit it to my professor tomorrow.我正在校对我的初稿，明天会提交给我的教授。

W: Oh, I haven't even started writing mine yet, so I'm really worried about finishing by the end of next semester. 女：哦，我甚至还没有开始写。

[00:00.68]College English Test Band 6<ch>大学英语六级考试[00:03.79]Part ⅡListening Comprehension<ch>第二部分听力理解[00:06.00]Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations.<ch>A节说明：在本节中，你将听到两篇长对话。

[00:11.74]At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.<ch>在每一篇对话的最后，你将会听到四个问题。

[00:15.30]Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.<ch>对话和问题均播放一遍。

[00:19.67]After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).<ch>听到问题后，你需要从A)、B)、C)和D)四个选项中选出最佳答案。

[00:27.23]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.<ch>然后将相应的答案涂在答题卡1上。

[00:33.10]Conversation One<ch>对话一[00:35.79]M: Welcome to the Book Club. <ch>男：欢迎来到《读书会》节目。

2022年12月六级真题第二套听力原文PartⅡListening ComprehensionSection A Directions:In this section,you will hear two long conversations.At the end of each conversation,you will hear four questions.Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Conversation OneM:Welcome to the Book Club.Today's guest is Susan Lane,the author of a new book on personal finances that has already sold half a million copies.Hi,Susan,your book is extremely successful.Why do you thinkthat is?W:I think that's because of my message,which is making happiness a priority over money.So many of us in my generation have spent decades trying to earn more money just to consume more,but it made us more miserable. M:You yourself were once caught in that cycle,working for two decades as an executive and earning a high salary,but still accumulating debt.W:I most certainly was.I earned millions,but by the time I quit my job four years ago to become a writer,I owed over $30,000.M:So how did you escape that pattern?And what would you advise other people to do?W:The first change is in what we value.We need to emphasize things that actually make us happy,like relationships,the environment or even our hobbies.Once we make the right things our priority,our goals will change and so will our financial behavior.M:How does that translate into practical action?Can you give our audience examples of what you are talking about on an everyday basis?W:The major areas for action are usually housing,food andtransportation.So people might share a home with friends instead of living on their own,bring lunch from home instead of going to restaurants, and use public transport instead of owning a car.M:Those sound like major sacrifices.I could never share my home.I need my own space.W:But they aren't sacrifices.When people change their values,their desires change.So in the example of housing,if we value relationships,sharing a home isn't depriving ourselves of space,but giving us an opportunity to spend more time with our loved ones.M:Indeed it is.Questions1to4are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.What message does the woman convey in her book?2.What do we learn about the woman before she became a writer?3.What does the woman say about one's financial behavior?4.What does the man say about sharing a home? Conversation TwoW:Thank you for inviting me to the gallery,Christopher.I haven't visited here since your predecessor's retirementfunctioned.M:Would you like to see the newest additions to our collection first,Catherine?W:Are those the landscapes by Daniel Gregory?I absolutely adore her work.M:This first piece was a gift to the gallery from the artist herself,and it's quite exquisite.W:I love how she depicts the barren landscape.The colours complement each other perfectly.M:You can sense the desolation in the picture.This piece was inspired by Gregory's recent trek in the Gobi Desert.W:And how did you obtain her other piece over here?M:It was purchased at auction by an anonymous collector who lent it to the gallery for display.This composition is one of her most acclaimed paintings. W:It must have cost that collector a small fortune to purchase this.M:Obviously.I can't disclose the exact amount he paid,but it was substantial.W:There's so much detail in this painting.I feel like I can really immerse myself in the scene.I particularly like the symmetry created by the reflection of the mountain in the lake.M:This particular piece was the one that was nominated for a Gateway Award.I was lucky enough to attend the award ceremony as Gregory's guest.W:So you know her personally.I assume she is an eccentric artist.M:Quite the opposite.In fact,she's not at all eccentric.I would say she's one of the most easygoing and intelligent people I know.W:I'd love to be able to meet her.There are so many questions I'd like to ask.M:What a coincidence!I'm meeting her for dinner tonight. Would you like to come along?W:I'd love to.Thank you.Questions5to8are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.What do we learn about one of the newest additions to the gallery's collection?6.What does the man say about one of the most acclaimed paintings by Daniel Gregory?7.Why does the woman say she can feel immersed in the scene in the painting?8.How does the man describe Daniel Gregory?Section B Directions:In this section,you will hear two passages.At the end of each passage,you will hear three or four questions.Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question,you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A),B),C)and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet1with a single line through the centre.Passage OneForgiveness is the release of resentment or anger.Forgiveness doesn't mean reconciliation.We don't have to return to the same relationship,nor do we have to accept the same harmful behaviors from an offender. Forgiveness is vitally important for the mental health of certain victims.It propels people forward rather than keeping them emotionally engaged in an injustice or trauma.Carrying the hurt or anger of an offense leads the body to release stress chemicals.Eliminating the perpetual flow of those chemicals may also explain why forgiveness provides physical health benefits. There are scenarios in which forgiveness is not the best course. Sometimes the victim becomes more empowered when they give themselves permission not to forgive.Forgiveness can be challenging.This is especially true when the offending party offers an insincere apology,or maybe they haven't offered anything at all.However,it's often the healthiest path forward.It's important to cultivate forgiveness by developing compassion for the offender,reflect on whether their act was due to malicious intent,or whether it was caused by challenging circumstances in the offender's life.What about forgiving ourselves?We sometimes need to take responsibility for mistakes,but intense guilt and shame aren't a desirable outcome in the long run.Forgiving yourself may seem like an ambiguous process.You can begin by acknowledging that you are at fault。

2022年9月英语六级真题答案（全3套）第1套（含听力原文）Part I Writing (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write an essay that begins with the sentence “It is now widely accepted that mutual trust and openness is the key to promoting cooperation.” You can make comments, use examples, or use your personal experiences to develop your essay. You should write at least 150 words but no more than 200 words.Part II Listening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you musts choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Conversation oneM: Welcome to Money Matters,【Q1】a weekly program that helps you manage your money.Tonight, I'll be talking to Mary Johnson about budgeting.W: Hello everyone.M: There's a magic about money. When it's not planned for, tracked and kept a record of, it literally disappears. What are some of the steps we can take to prevent this from happening? W: Well, it's all about keeping track of your money. If you don't do that, you'll never be able to set any goals for your budget or have the discipline to stick to them.M: That's easier said than done.【Q2】1 read recently that only 41% of Americans adhere tot budget.W: Yes, but【Q3】knowing what you earn and what you spend can give you reassurance that you won't get into debt in the first place. You can do this by adding up all of your sources ofincome you have and writing them all down on a piece of paper. On the same page, write down all of your monthly expenses.M: I'm always amazed at how much my expenses add up, but designating each item as an income or an expense really helps me have a much better sense of all my spending.W: Right, most people have no idea how much they spend each day, let alone each week, or month, no matter how careful they are. Next, subtract your monthly expenses from income.If the result is positive, you are living within your means. If the result is a negative number, you're going to have to cut back on your spending.M: I'm usually a negative number. I just can't resist the allure of all those prestigious goods. W: Well, it's not a catastrophe, but you do have to make some changes. Try cutting back on those non-essential items, sell some stuff in your attic,【Q4】or shop online to avoidunnecessary temptations, like chocolate. Failing that you can always find yourself a part time job.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.What does the man say about the weekly program?A) It enables people to earn more money. B) It teaches the importance of financing.C) It helps people with budgeting. D) It introduces a novel way to invest.2.What did the man read recently?A) Many Americans are not satisfied with their income.B) Many Americans have no idea about how to invest.C) Most Americans do not know how to save money.D) Most Americans do not stick to a budget.3.What does the woman suggest the man do first to avoid getting into debt?A) Keep track of his money. B) Live within his means.C) Find more sources of income. D) Refrain from buying luxuries.4.What does the woman say about online shopping?A) It offers a greater variety of items. B) It helps avoid unnecessary spending.C) It changes one’s way of living. D) It saves one’s time for shopping. Conversation twoM: Hi there, I’ve come to see the flat, my name is Mark Adams. We spoke on the phone on Wednesday.W: Hi, Mark, come on up. I'll buzz you in Green door on the second floor on the right side.Nice to meet you. I spoke to all your references, and they all checked out OK. So let me show you around. The place actually belongs to my mother, but her health isn’t great, so we finally managed to persuade her to move in with us and rent this old place out.(Q5)M: It's a great size, plenty of space, very versatile. I think it's a winner for us.W: Yes, all the appliances are brand new. There's a washing machine and a tumble dryer in the utility room next to the kitchen.M: Lots of closet space too, which is fabulous. My wife has a ridiculous number of shoes. Now, the big question: What about noise and the neighbors? (Q6)W: Well, all the neighbors are elderly. So no noisy kids and the back of the house overlook a clear and peaceful pond, so it's perfect if tranquility is what you are looking for.M: That's good news. We've been living in a less than glamorous part of Aberdeen, constantly harassed day and night by noisy neighbors. Getting to work was a nightmare too, as we only have one car and my wife has to use it as she works nights at the hospital.W: Well, if you like the place, it's yours, as soon as I get a contract drawn up with the solicitor. The first month's rent and a deposit are mandatory on signing the contract,(Q7) Then we can work out when is the best day for you to pay rent each month.M: We’ll be incredibly happy to be your new tenants. Thank you so much. My wife will be thrilled to get out of the shabby place we are now in, and start filling those wardrobes with all those shoes.(Q8)Question 5-8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. What does the woman say about the flat?A) It is brand-new. B) It has plenty of rooms.C) It belongs to her mother. D) It has been vacant for months.6. What is the man's chief consideration in looking for a flat?A) Space B) Tranquility C) Appliances D) Location7. What does the man have to do on signing the contract?A) Talk to his wife about the contract terms.B) Pay the first month’s rent and a deposit.C) Check the references of the flat owner.D) Consult his solicitor one more time.8. Why does the man say his wife will feel very excited if they move into the flat?A) She can have a wonderful view of the pond.B) She will be much closer to her work place.C) She can make friends with new neighbours.D) She will have plenty of space for her shoes.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Passage one(Q9)A new study has found a positive correlation between how much television children watch and their parents stress levels. Why? Because the more television kids watch, the more they are exposed to advertising. The more advertising they see, the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when they go with their parents to the store. This could generate conflict if the parents refuse. All that, researchers say, can contribute to parents' overall stress levels. What's the solution? Perhaps the most obvious is curtailing screen time. Commercial content is therefore a reason to elicit purchasing behavior. So, parents might want to shut off the TV. Researchers concede that this is easier said than done, so, (Q10) they suggest another option. Parents can change how they talk to their kids about purchases. The researchers suggest that parents seek input from their children on family purchasing decisions. They shouldn't try to control all purchases. Instead, parents might tell their children things like "I will listen to your advice on certain products or brands". This type of communication, the researchers assert, can lead to children making fewer purchasing demands that means less parents' stress. However, the protective effect of this kind of communication diminishes with greater exposure to television. This is because advertising aimed at children is especially persuasive. (Q11)Advertisers use an assortment of tactics, such as bright colors, happy music and celebrity endorsements to appeal to children. Plus, children don't have the cognitive ability to fully understand advertising's intent. That makes them particularly vulnerable to advertisementsQuestion 9 to 11are based on the recording you have just heard.9. What has the new study found about children watching television?A) The more commercials they see, the more brands they get to know.B) The more commercials they see, the more they adore celebrities.C) The more television they watch, the fewer conflicts in the family.D) The more television they watch, the greater their parents’ stress.10. What are parents advised to do to reduce the impact of TV commercials?A) Inform children of the family’s financial situation.B) Shift children’s attention to interesting activities.C) Involve children in making purchasing decisions.D) Help children understand advertising’s intent..11. What makes children particularly vulnerable to TV commercials?A) Their limited cognitive ability. B) Their strong natural curiosity.C) Their admiration for celebrities. D) Their lack of social experience.Passage twoEveryone is supposed to cheer for good guys, and we should only punish the bad guys. But that's not what we always do. Most of the time, we do indeed reward good people. We also often punish people who harm others, or who aren't good team players. But (Q12) sometimes the good guys also get punished or criticized specifically because they are so good. This seems baffling because it's detrimental to group cooperation. However, the phenomenon has been discovered in multiple fields，and it has been found in every society. Why does this happen?Research suggests a simple reason. When one person looks really good, others look bad by comparison. Those others then have an incentive in stopping that person from looking good, especially if they can't or won't compete. After all, (Q13) we're all judged in comparison with others. When faced with someone better, what can a normal person do? (Q14) 0ne option is to actively compete. A second option is to bring that person down. That is to suppress their cooperation or work ethic, and first selfish motives for their actions, or implied real or imagined hypocrisy. Other tactics include attacking them on unrelated dimensions or punishing them outright. Why does this matter? Critics often attack the motives of people who protect the environment, donate money, or work too hard. [Q15] Such good deeds are dismissed as naive or hypocritical by those who do not perform those deeds. This criticism may ultimately discourage people from doing good deeds so it's important to recognize these attacks for what they are. Questions 12 to 15 are based on the recording you have just heard.12. What baffling phenomenon is discussed in the passage?A) Bad guys may do good deeds. B) Bad guys may go unpunished.C) Good guys may not always cooperate. D) Good guys may get unfair treatment.13. How are we all judged according to the passage?A) By what we do. B) By fair evaluation.C) In comparison with others. D) In accordance with set standards.14. What can a normal person do when faced with people who perform better?A) Learn from them earnestly. B) Compete with them actively.C) Leave them alone temporarily. D) Cooperate with them sincerely.15. What may discourage people from performing good deeds?A) Being dismissed as hypocritical. B) Not getting the reward they deserve.C) Having to make too many sacrifices. D) Being misunderstood by people around.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Recording oneIn America, most researchers concede that boys and girls are brought up in different ways, taught different skills and rewarded for different acts. Women, it is agreed excel at certain tasks, men at others. There is little argument that some personality traits appear more dominant in one sex than in the other. All of this notwithstanding, gender differences is very much in the media these days.Since the rise of the women's movement, gender role behavior has come under closer scrutiny. How has this affected friendship? How do the sexes differ in their friendship relations? Most pre teen children have a best friend who is usually some one of the same sex and similar age. Both sexes share an essentially positive recollection of these childhood friendships (Q16). They do not differ in this respect. However, the type of play engaged in during these early friendships is telling of the difference to come. Boys tend to form play groups that are competitive in nature. Girls groups more frequently revolve around cooperative enterprises. Thus at an early age, boys become concerned with trying hard and winning. While girls, by contrast, play house and school, engaging in roles that require complementary support of their childhood. Men recall being highly responsive to and aware of the gender role opinions of other boys. Girls in preteen years appear to be less susceptible to gender role pressure. It is not until the dating years that women report being concerned with feminine behavior. Males, for the most part, are responsive to the suggestion that their behavior is unmanly at almost any age.These early attitudes reinforced by social conditioning continue to play an active part in the friendships of both sexes during adolescence. This is a period when the majority of males, once again, report a close alliance with same sex friends.(Q17)Now, however, with heightened intensity, considerable energy is devoted, competing for position and a definite undercurrent of competition permeates the relationship. Although in dissimilar fashion, females share equally fragile relationships at this age. For them, bond of loyalty extends only to the line of romantic involvement. This is most apt to be the case in late adolescence, when dating and relationships with boys take sharp precedence over sister hood. (Q18) Actually, dating dilutes the intensity of same sex friendships for men, also for the majority of us. The moment we begin to date seriously. There's a competition between romance and friendship.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. Does the speaker say about most preteen children?A) They are increasingly aware of gender differences.B) They engage themselves in positive recollection.C) They begin to see the importance of friendship.D) They make friends with peers of the same sex.17. What do most males devote much of their energy to during adolescence?A) Competing for position. B) Pursuing fashion.C) Forging close ties with friends. D) Fulfilling family obligations.18. What do children do when they reach late adolescence?A) They prioritize romance over friendship.B) They try to strengthen same-sex friendships.C) They begin to take friendship more seriously.D) They compete intensely for romantic partners.Recording twoGood afternoon. Today's lecture, we’ll be talking about how and when to disclose a disability, when applying for a job, on average, about 20% of the population has some form of disability. Most countries these days have equal opportunity and nondiscrimination laws. Yet, disabled people often find it hard to decide when how and if at all, to raise their disability problem, potential employer, there is uncertainty about how a recruiter will perceive their disability. (Q19)As such, many candidates fear they wouldn't be considered for a position as a result of disclosing this personal information. And research has validated this as a genuine concern for many job applicants. It's a natural reaction, but it shouldn't be a reason to stay quiet. People need to remember that they are applying for a position they have the skills and experience to excel in discussing a disability. Potential employer may help them make reasonable workplace adjustments in their favor. It's most appropriate to discuss a disability, when they reply to confirm an interview. (Q20)This information needn't be put up front in their cover letter or resume, because it's probably not relevant to the position itself. Candidates with disabilities should feel they have the power to make their own decisions around sharing this information free from prejudice. They find an organization that doesn't celebrate diversity and inclusion. It could say a lot about the company's culture. Perhaps the organization isn't the right fit.It's important for them to remember that they are seeking a manager and employer that's going to be supportive and continue to give them a great employment experience. Companies sometimes offer candidates the chance to disclose disabilities on their application form, but people shouldn't feel restricted by this method or timing. People should avoid sharing the name of their disability or condition. (Q21) There is always the risk that the recruiter will research information that is inaccurate or irrelevant.If people don't think their disability will impact their ability to perform in the advertised position, then it's entirely their entitlement to choose when and whether to share this Information. Questions 19 to 20 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. Why do disable job applicants feel reluctant to disclose their disability?A) They regard it as a matter of sheer privacy.B) They are worried about being turned down.C) They fear that their condition will be made widely known.D) They are afraid to be discriminated against once recruited.20. When does the speaker suggest applicants reveal their disability Information?A) After receiving a job offer. B) During a job interview.C) When confirming an interview. D) Upon completing a cover letter.21. What are people advised to do when filling out their job application form?A) Describe the true state of their health.B) Provide all the information required.C) Stress the irrelevance of their disability to the job.D) Avoid mentioning the name of their disability.Recording threeSmart phones distract attention and reduce learning because of their potential to offer activities more inviting than study. But what about background Sound alone? A group of American researchers compared students’ comprehension of verbal material, when reading in the presence of background speech, instrumental music or general noise is neutral, such as that from the sound of an air conditioner or fan.Students’ scores were most depressed in the presence of background speech.(Q22) Comprehension was slightly better with the presence of music than with speech. However, when they were asked to identify melodies, rather than understand text, background music interfered more. When the background speech was in a language unfamiliar to participants, there was little if any hindrance of reading comprehension.British researchers compared the effects of background speech, vocal music, instrumental music, general background noise, and silence on short term memory. Background speech had the biggest negative effect. (Q23) Vocal music was slightly more disruptive than instrumental.In general, background noise and silence were least disruptive. It seems the degree of interference from background noise depends on the overlap between the processing required on the task, and the processing required screening out the background noise. The studies suggest that when people read, when they try to remember any verbal material, background speech will inhibit their ability.Instrumental music will have, at worst, a slight effect. When students write essays, however, other research has found it is best to reduce all background noise as much as possible. (Q24) Not everyone reacts in the same way to distractions. Other studies suggest some aspects of personality may make a difference. The researchers subjected shy, quiet people and confident, outgoing ones to high arousal or low arousal background music, general noise or silence while asking them to remember words. Everyone performed best in the silent condition, but less sociable people were more negatively affected by each of the distractions.(Q25) So when children are reading and trying to incorporate new material, parents could consider allowing some background music, particularly if it is instrumental, and their child is the outgoing type.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. What did some American researchers find about students reading comprehension in thepresence of background noise?A) Their scores were least affected by music with speech.B) It was the poorest when there was background speech.C) Their scores were most depressed with instrumental music.D) It was disrupted by the sound of an air conditioner or fan.23. What do we learn from the British researchers about the degree of interference frombackground noise?A) It has to do with the type and volume of the background noise.B) It has to do with short-term memory for listening comprehension.C) It depends on the overlap in processing different kinds of information.D) It depends on the participants’ ability to concentrate on the task at hand.24. What is best for students to do when writing essays according to some research?A) Keep everything as quiet as possible.B) Play nothing but instrumental music.C) Use vocal material as little as possible.D) Wear a pair of earphones or headphones.25. How do people of different personalities react to distractions according to other studies?A) Sociable people were immune to all distractions.B) Shy quiet people were most adversely impacted.C) Less outgoing people were more affected by silence.D) Confident people were unaffected by high-arousal music.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passage through carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter: Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passageThe now extinct passenger pigeon has the dubious honor of being the last species anyone ever expected to disappear. At one point, there were more passenger pigeons than any other species of bird. Rough 26 of their population went as high as five billion and they accounted for around 40 percent of the total indigenous bird population of North America in the early 19th century.Despite their huge population, passenger pigeons were 27 to human intrusion into their nesting territory. Their nests were shabby things and two weeks after the eggs 28 , the parent pigeons would abandon their offspring, leaving them to take care of themselves. People discovered that these baby pigeons were really tasty, and the adult birds were also quite 29 . Firstthe Native Americans and then the transplanted Europeans came to consider the birds a great 30 .By the 1850s, commercial trapping of passenger pigeons was proceeding at an 31 pace. Hundreds of thousands of the birds were being harvested every day to be made into popular pigeon pies. In addition, large 32 of the pigeons’ nesting territory were being cleared away for planting crops and creating pasture land. As numerous as the passenger pigeons were, they were not an 33 resource. By the 1880s, it was noticed that the bird population had become seriously 34 . The last passenger pigeons killed in the wild were shot in 1899.Eventually those billions and billions of birds shrank to a single remaining 35 , a passenger pigeon named Martha, who died on September 1, 1914, in captivity at the Cincinnati Zoo. In addition to being the end of an era, it was also the first time humans were able to exactly time the extinction of a species.A. vulnerableB. unprecedentedC. tractsD. specimenE. robustF. refugeG. plazasH. infiniteI. hatchedJ. expiredK. excerpts L. estimates M. edible N. depleted O. delicacy Section BDirections：In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Each statement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph from which the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once. Each paragraph is marked with a letter：Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.Is computer coding a foreign language?A) As computer coding has become an increasingly sought-after skill, more K- 12 schools areworking it into their curriculums. Some states have considered allowing students to forgo (放弃) foreign language for coding classes, despite opposition from educators.B) There’s a debate over whether it’s appropriate to teach coding in elementary schools, withfierce opinions on each side. When it comes to allowing coding to fill foreign language requirements, though, most educators agree: Coding should be added to curriculums, but not at the expense of foreign language classes.C) The idea is that computer programming is a language, allowing people to communicate withmachines and programs. It’s the language of the 21st century and more valuable than a natural language, some advocates argue. The computer science field is growing faster than schools can keep up because of budget constraints and a lack of skills training for teachers. D) According to the 2016 U.S. News/Raytheon STEM Index, computer science jobs havehelped boost wages in the U.S., and computer-related jobs hold the top seven positions in STEM fields for highest number of workers. Foreign language interest, on the other hand, is declining for the first time since 1995. The number of higher education language enrollments declined between 2009 and 2013 by more than 111,000 spots, according to the Modern Language Association of America.E) “I think the opportunity to give people a choice is important,” says Florida state SenatorJeremy Ring, who introduced a bill last year that would allow Florida students to choosebetween foreign language and coding classes for the purpose of university admissions requirements. “I think if you’re going to give two years of language in high school, you might as well do computer coding.”F) The Florida bill died this year after passing 35:5 in the state Senate when the full Legislaturefailed to take action. It would have been the first state to try this initiative. Ring says that although he will be out of office, an identical bill will be reintroduced within the next year by others on his behalf. “In the speech I gave on the Senate floor, I said, ‘We can be the first state to do this, or we can be the 50th state to do it. It’s our choice. It’s going to happen’” Ring says.G) A Kentucky bill similar to the one in Florida was met with complaints from educators, andwas then amended to promote computer science education initiatives with no mention of foreign language requirements. Instead, the state will provide support for higher quality certified teachers for programming classes. Under the Washington bill, public universities would accept two years of computer science classes in place of two years of foreign language for admission purposes. A report detailing the opinions of state university officials is due to the Legislature by November 2017.H) Texas passed a bill in 2013 that allows students to substitute computer coding only after theyhave attempted and performed poorly in a foreign language class. Srini Mandyam, CTO and co- founder of kid- friendly instructional coding company Tynker, believes allowing students to forgo foreign language because they struggle with it is unproductive because every subject, whether art, math or language, is a significant contribution to a well-rounded existence.“Many students don’t fare well with algebra but we never discuss eliminating it or…say chemistry is now counted as an algebra class,” he said via email. “We teach algebra because it’s important and we should teach foreign language and coding for the same reason.Exposure to a wide breadth of subjects and material results in well-rounded students who are able to make informed decisions…about what they want to pursue.”I) Computer science courses already fulfill a math or science high school graduationrequirement in 28 states and the District of Columbia, up from only 12 states in 2013. And while advocates of the bills say they should count as foreign language instead, opponents stress the importance of balancing computer and foreign language skills.J) Studies show that bilingualism (双语) correlates with cognitive development, intelligence, memory and problem solving abilities, according to the American Council on the Teaching of Foreign Languages. A 2007 study showed that foreign language students outperformed their non- foreign language peers on standardized tests after only two to three years of study.And while a 2014 report from German and American universities suggests that programmers are using language (but not mathematical) regions of the brain when understanding code, critics remain wary. They say that regardless of cognitive functions, being monolingual is a disadvantage in the increasingly international economy, even if English has become the de facto (事实上的) language of business.K) “Our world is shrinking but its problems are really growing,” says ACTFL National。

年6 月大学英语六级考试真题预测(第1 套)Part ⅠWriting (30 minutes)Directions: Suppose you are asked to give advice on whether to attend a vocational college or a university, write an essay to state your opinion. You are required to write at least 150 words but no morethan 200 words.________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________Part ⅡListening Comprehension (30 minutes)Section ADirections : In this section, you will hear two long conversations. At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) andD). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through thecentre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A) He would feel insulted. B) He would feel very sad.C) He would be embarrassed. D) He would be disappointed.2.A) They are worthy of a prize. B) They are of little value.C)They make good reading. D) They need improvement.3.A) He seldom writes a book straight through.B)He writes several books simultaneously.C)He draws on his real-life experiences.D)He often turns to his wife for help.4.A) Writing a book is just like watching a football match.B)Writers actually work every bit as hard as footballers.C)He likes watching a football match after finishing a book.D)Unlike a football match, there is no end to writing a book.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A) A chievements of black male athletes in college.B)Financial assistance to black athletes in college.C)High college dropout rates among black athletes.D)Undergraduate enrollments of black athletes.6.A) They display great talent in every kind of game.B)They are better at sports than at academic work.C)They have difficulty finding money to complete their studies.D)They make money for the college but often fail to earn a degree.7.A) About 15%. B) Around 40%.C)Slightly over 50%. D) Approximately 70%.8.A) Coaches lack the incentive to graduate them.B)College degrees do not count much to them.C)They have little interest in academic work.D)Schools do not deem it a serious problem.Section BDirections: In this section, you will hear two passages. At the end of each passage, you will hear three or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear aquestion, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre. Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9.A) Marketing strategies. B) Holiday shopping.C) Shopping malls. D) Online stores.10.A) About 50% of holiday shoppers.B)About 20-30% of holiday shoppers.C)About 136 million.D)About 183.8 million.11.A) They have fewer customers.B)They find it hard to survive.C)They are thriving once more.D)They appeal to elderly customers.12.A) Better quality of consumer goods.B)Higher employment and wages.C)Greater varieties of commodities.D)People having more leisure time.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.13.A) They are new species of big insects.B)They are overprescribed antibiotics.C)They are life-threatening diseases.D)They are antibiotic-resistant bacteria.14.A) Antibiotics are now in short supply.B)Many infections are no longer curable.C)Large amounts of tax money are wasted.D)Routine operations have become complex.15.A) Facilities.B)Expertise.C)Money.D)Publicity.Section CDirections: In this section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three or four questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you must choosethe best answer from the four choices marked A), B), CJ and D). Then mark the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A) It is accessible only to the talented.B)It improves students’ ability to t hink.C)It starts a lifelong learning process.D)It gives birth to many eminent scholars.17.A) They encourage academic democracy.B)They promote globalization.C)They uphold the presidents’ authority.D)They protect students’rights.18.A) His thirst for knowledge. B) His eagerness to find a job.C) His contempt for authority. D) His potential for leadership.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A) Few people know how to retrieve information properly.B)People can enhance their memory with a few tricks.C)Most people have a rather poor long-term memory.D)People tend to underestimate their mental powers.20.A) They present the states in a surprisingly different order.B)They include more or less the same number of states.C)They are exactly the same as is shown in the atlas.D)They contain names of the most familiar states.21.A) Focusing on what is likely to be tested.B)Having a good sleep the night before.C)Reviewing your lessons where the exam is to take place.D)Making sensible decisions while choosing your answers.22.A) Discover when you can learn best.B) Change your time of study daily.B)Give yourself a double bonus afterwards.D) Follow the example of a marathon runner.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A) He is a politician. B) He is a businessman.C)He is a sociologist. D) He is an economist.24.A) In slums.B)In Africa.C)In pre-industrial societies.D)In developing countries.25.A) They have no access to health care, let alone entertainment or recreation.B)Their income is less than 50% of the national average family income.C)They work extra hours to have their basic needs met.D)Their children cannot afford to go to private schools.Part III Reading Comprehension (40 minutes)Section ADirections: In this section, there is a passage with ten blanks. You are required to select one word for each blank from a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choices. Each choice in the bank is identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre. You may not use any of the words in the bank more than once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.Let’s all stop judging people who talk to themselves. New research says that those who can’t seem to keep their inner monologues( 独白) in are actually more likely to stay on task, remain 26 better and show improved perception capabilities. Not bad, really, for some extra muttering.According to a series of experiments published in the Quarterly Journal of Experimental Psychologyby professors Gary Lupyan and Daniel Swignley, the act of using verbal clues to 27 mental pictures helps people function quicker.In one experiment, they showed pictures of various objects to twenty 28 and asked them to findjust one of those, a banana. Half were 29 to repeat out loud what they were looking for and the other half kept their lips 30 . Those who talked to themselves found the banana slightly faster than those who didn’t，the researchers say. In other experiments, Lupyan and Swignley found that 31 the name of a common product when on the hunt for it helped quicken someone’s pace, but talking about uncommon items showed no advantage and slowed you down.Common research has long held that talking themselves through a task helps children learn, although doing so when you’ve 32 matured is not a great sign of 33 . The two professors hope to refute that idea, 34 that just as when kids walk themselves through a process, adults can benefit from using language not just to communicate, but also to help “augment thinking”.Of course, you are still encouraged to keep the talking at library tones and, whatever you do, keep the information you share simple, like a grocery list. At any 35 , there’s sti ll such a thing as too much information.Section BDirections: In this section, you are going to read a passage with ten statements attached to it. Eachstatement contains information given in one of the paragraphs. Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph more than once.Eachparagraph is marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the correspondingletter on Answer Sheet 2.Rich Children and Poor Ones Are Raised Very Differently[A]The lives of children from rich and poor American families look more different than ever before.[B]Well-off families are ruled by calendars, with children enrolled in ballet, soccer and after-school programs, according to a new Pew Research Center survey. There are usually two parents, who spend a lotof time reading to children and worrying about their anxiety levels and hectic schedules.[C]In poor families, meanwhile, children tend to spend their time at home or with extended family. They are more likely to grow up in neighb orhoods that their parents say aren’t great for raising children, and their parents worry about them getting shot, beaten up or in trouble with the law.[D]The class differences in child rearing are growing — a symptom of widening inequality withfar-reaching consequences. Different upbringings set children on different paths and can deepen socioeconomic divisions, especially because education is strongly linked to earnings. Children grow up learning the skills to succeed in their socioeconomic stratum (阶层), but not necessarily others.[E]“Early childhood experiences can be very consequential for children’s long-term social, emotional and cognitive development,” said Sean Reardon, professor of poverty and inequality in education at Stanford University. “And becaus e those influence educational success and later earnings, early childhood experiences cast a lifelong shadow.” The cycle continues: Poorer parents have less time and fewer resources to invest in their children, which can leave children less prepared for school and work, which leads to lower earnings.[F]American parents want similar things for their children, the Pew report and past research have found: for them to be healthy and happy, honest and ethical, caring and compassionate. There is no best parenting style or philosophy, researchers say, and across income groups, 92% of parents say they are doing a good job at raising their children. Yet they are doing it quite differently. Middle-class and higher- income parents see their children as projects in need of careful cultivation, says Annette Lareau, whose groundbreaking research on the topic was published in her book Unequal Childhoods: Class, Race and Family Life. They try to develop their skills through close supervision and organized activities, and teach children to question authority figures and navigate elite i nstitutions.[G]Working-class parents, meanwhile, believe their children will naturally thrive, and give them far greater independence and time for free play. They are taught to be compliant and respectful to adults. Thereare benefits to both approaches. Working-class children are happier, more independent, complain less and are closer with family members, Ms. Lareau found. Higher-income children are more likely to declare boredom and expect their parents to solve their problems. Yet later on, the more affluent children end up in college and on the way to the middle class, while working-class children tend to struggle. Children from higher-income families are likely to have the skills to navigate bureaucracies and succeed in schools and workplaces, Ms. Lareau said.[H]“Do all parents want the most success for their children? Absolutely,” she said. “Do some strategies give children more advantages than others in institutions? Probably they do. Will parents be damaging children if they have one fewer organized activity? No, I really doubt i t.”[I]Social scientists say the differences arise in part because low-income parents have less money to spend on music class or preschool, and less flexible schedules to take children to museums or attend school events. Extracurricular activities reflect the differences in child rearing in the Pew survey, which was of a nationally representative sample of 1,807 parents. Of families earning more than $75,000 a year, 84% say their children have participated in organized sports over the past year, 64% have done volunteer work and 62% have taken lessons in music, dance or art. Of families earning less than $30,000, 59% of children have done sports, 37% have volunteered and 41% have taken arts classes.[J]Especially in affluent families, children start young. Nearly half of high-earning, college-graduate parents enrolled their children in arts classes before they were 5, compared with one-fifth of low-income, less- educated parents. Nonetheless, 20% of well-off parents say their children’s schedules are too hectic, compared with 8% of poorer parents.[K]Another example is reading aloud, which studies have shown gives children bigger vocabularies and better reading comprehension in school. 71% of parents with a college degree say they do it every day, compared with 33% of those with a high school diploma or less. White parents are more likely than others to read to their children daily, as are married parents. Most affluent parents enroll their children in preschool or day care, while low-income parents are more likely to depend on family members. Discipline techniques vary by education level: 8% of those with a postgraduate degree say they often beat their children, compared with 22% of those with a high school degree or less.[L]The survey also probed attitudes and anxieties. Interestingly, parents’ attitudes toward education do not seem to reflect their own educational background as much as a belief in the importance of education for upward mobility. Most American parents say they are not concerned about their children’s grades as long as they work hard. But 50% of poor parents say it is extremely important to them that their children earn a college degree, compared with 39% of wealthier parents.[M]Less-educated parents, and poorer and black and Latino parents are more likely to believe that there is no such thing as too much involvement in a child’s education. Parents who are white, wealthy orcollege- educated say too much involvement can be bad. Parental anxieties reflect their circumstances. High- earning parents are much more likely to say they live in a good neighborhood for raising children. While bullying is parents’ greatest concern over all, nearly half of low-income parents worry their child will get shot, compared with one-fifth of high-income parents. They are more worried about their children being depressed or anxious.[N]In the Pew survey, middle-class families earning between $30,000 and $75,000 a year fell right between working-class and high-earning parents on issues like the quality of their neighborhood for raising children, participation in extracurricular activities and involvement in their children’ s education.[O]Children were not always raised so differently. The achievement gap between children from high- and low-income families is 30-40% larger among children born in than those born 25 years earlier, according to Mr. Reardon’ s research. People used to live near people of different income levels; neighborhoods are now more segregated by income. More than a quarter of children live in single-parent households — a historic high, according to Pew 一and these children are three times as likely to live in poverty as those who live with married parents. Meanwhile, growing income inequality has coincided with the increasing importance of a college degree for earning a middle-class w age.[P]Yet there are recent signs that the gap could be starting to shrink. In the past decade, even as income inequality has grown, some of the socioeconomic differences in parenting, like reading to children and going to libraries, have narrowed.[Q]Public policies aimed at young children have helped, including public preschool programs and reading initiatives. Addressing differences in the earliest years, it seems, could reduce inequality in the next generation.36.Working-class parents teach their children to be obedient and show respect to adults.37.American parents, whether rich or poor, have similar expectations of their children despite different ways of parenting.38.While rich parents are more concerned with their children’s psychological well-being, poor parents are more worried about their children’s safety.39.The increasing differences in child rearing between rich and poor families reflect growing social inequality.40.Parenting approaches of working-class and affluent families both have a dvantages.41.Higher-income families and working-class families now tend to live in different neighborhoods.42.Physical punishment is used much less by well-educated parents.43.Ms. Lareau doesn’t believe participating in fewer after-class activities will negatively affect children’s development.44.Wealthy parents are concerned about their children’s mental health and busy schedules.45.Some socioeconomic differences in child rearing have shrunk in the p ast ten years.Section CDirections: There are 2 passages in this section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. You should decideon the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single linethrough the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Tennessee’s technical and community colleges will not outsource(外包) management of their facilities to a private company, a decision one leader said was bolstered by an analysis of spending at each campus.In an email sent Monday to college presidents in the Tennessee Board of Regents system, outgoing Chancellor John Morgan said an internal analysis showed t hat each campus’ spending on facilities management fell well below the industry standards identified by the state. Morgan said those findings —which included data from the system’s 13 community colleges, 27 technical colleges and six universities —were p art of the decision not to move forward with Governor Bill Haslam’s proposal to privatize management of state buildings in an effort to save money.“While these numbers are still being validated by the state, we feel any adjustments they might suggest will be immaterial,” Morgan wrote to the presidents. “System institutions are operating very efficiently based on this analysis, raising the question of the value of pursuing a broad scale outsourcing initiative.”Worker’s advocates have criticized Haslam’s pl an, saying it would mean some campus workers would lose their jobs or benefits. Haslam has said colleges would be free to opt in or out of the out souring plan, which has not been finalized.Morgan notified the Haslam administration of his decision to opt out in a letter sent last week. That letter, which includes several concerns Morgan has with the plan, was originally obtained by The Commercial Appeal in Memphis.In an email statement from the state’s Office of Customer Focused Government, which is exami ning the possibility of outsourcing, spokeswoman Michelle R. Martin said officials were still working to analyze the data from the Board of Regents. Data on management expenses at the college system and in other state departments will be part of a “business justification” the state will use as officials deliberate the specifics of an outsourcing plan.“The state’s facilities management project team is still in the process of developing its business justification and expects to have that completed and availa ble to the public at the end of February,” Martin said. “At this time there is nothing to take action on since the analysis has yet to be completed.”Morgan’s comments on outsourcing mark the second time this month that he has come out against one of Hasla m’s plans for higher education in Tennessee. Morgan said last week that he would retire at the end of January because of the governor’s proposal to split off six universities of the Board of Regents system and create separate governing boards for each of them. In his resignation letter, Morgan called the reorganization “unworkable”.46.What do we learn about the decision of technical and community colleges in Tennessee?A)It is backed by a campus spending analysis.B)It has been flatly rejected by the governor.C)It has neglected their faculty’s demands.D )It will improve their financial situation.47.What does the campus spending analysis reveal?A)Private companies play a big role in campus management.B)Facilities management by colleges is more c ost-effective.C)Facilities management has greatly improved in recent years.D)Colleges exercise foil control over their own financial a ffairs.48.Workers’ supporters argue that Bill Haslam’s proposal would .A)deprive colleges of the right to manage their facilitiesB)make workers less motivated in performing dutiesC)render a number of campus workers joblessD)lead to the privatization of campus facilities49.What do we learn from the state spokeswoman’s response to John Morgan’s d ecision?A)The outsourcing plan is not yet finalized.B)The outsourcing plan will be implemented.C)The state officials are confident about the outsourcing plan.D)The college spending analysis justifies the outsourcing plan.50.Why did John Morgan decide to resign?A)He had lost confidence in the Tennessee state government.B)He disagreed with the governor on higher education policies.C)He thought the state’s outsourcing proposal was simply unworkable.D)He opposed the governor’s plan to reconstruct the college board system.Passage TwoQuestions 51 to 55 are based on the following passage.Beginning in the late sixteenth century, it became fashionable for young aristocrats to visit Paris, Venice, Florence, and above all, Rome, as the culmination(终极) of their classical education. Thus was born the idea of the Grand Tour, a practice which introduced Englishmen, Germans, Scandinavians, and also Americans to the art and culture of France and Italy for the next 300 years. Travel was arduous and costly throughout the period, possible only for a privileged class—the same that produced gentlemen scientists, authors, antique experts, and patrons of the arts.The Grand Tourist was typically a young man with a thorough grounding in Greek and Latin literature as well as some leisure time, some means, and some interest in art. The German traveler Johann Winckelmann pioneered the field of art history with his comprehensive study of Greek and Roman sculpture; he was portrayed by his friend Anton Raphael Mengs at the beginning of his long residence in Rome. Most Grand Tourists, however, stayed for briefer periods and set out with less scholarly intentions, accompanied by a teacher or guardian, and expected to return home with souvenirs of their travels as well as an understanding of art and architecture formed by exposure to great masterpieces.London was a frequent starting point for Grand Tourists, and Paris a compulsory destination; many traveled to the Netherlands, some to Switzerland and Germany, and a very few adventurers to Spain, Greece, or Turkey. The essential place to visit, however, was Italy. The British traveler Charles Thompsonspoke for many Grand Tourists when in 1744 he described himself as “being impatiently desirous of viewing a country so famous in history, a country which once gave laws to the world, and which is at present the greatest school of music and painting, contains the noblest productions of sculpture and architecture, and is filled with cabinets of rarities, and collections of all kinds of historical relics”. Within Italy, the great focus was Rome, whose ancient ruins and mor e recent achievements were shown to every Grand Tourist. Panini’s Ancient Rome and Modem Rome represent the sights most prized, including celebrated Greco-Roman statues and views of famous ruins, fountains, and churches. Since there were few museums anywhere in Europe before the close of the eighteenth century, Grand Tourists often saw paintings and sculptures by gaining admission to private collections, and many were eager to acquire examples of Greco-Roman and Italian art for their own collections. In England, where architecture was increasingly seen as an aristocratic pursuit, noblemen often applied what they learned from the villas of Palladio in the Veneto and the evocative ( 唤起回忆旳) ruins of Rome to their own country houses and gardens.51.What is said about the Grand Tour?A)It was fashionable among young people of the time.B)It was unaffordable for ordinary people.C)It produced some famous European artists.D)It made a compulsory part of college education.52.What did Grand Tourists have in common?A)They had much geographic knowledge.B)They were courageous and venturesome.C)They were versed in literature and interested in art.D)They had enough travel and outdoor-life experience.53.How did Grand Tourists benefit from their travel?A)They found inspiration in the world’s greatest masterpieces.B)They got a better understanding of early human civilization.C)They developed an interest in the origin of modem art forms.D)They gained some knowledge of classical art and architecture.54.Why did many Grand Tourists visit the private collections?A)They could buy unique souvenirs there to take back home.B)Europe hardly had any museums before the 19th century.C)They found the antiques there more valuable.D)Private collections were of greater variety.55.How did the Grand Tour influence the architecture in England?A)There appeared more and more Roman-style buildings.B)Many aristocrats began to move into Roman-style villas.C)Aristocrats，country houses all had Roman-style gardens.D) Italian architects were hired to design houses and gardens.Part IV Translation (30 minutes)Directions: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to translate a passage from Chinese into English. You should write your answer on Answer Sheet 2.唐朝始于618 年，终于907 年，是中国历史上最灿烂旳时期。

[00:00.71]College English Test Band 6<ch>大学英语六级考试[00:03.66]Part ⅡListening Comprehension<ch>第二部分听力理解[00:06.33]Section A Directions: In this section, you will hear two long conversations.<ch>A节说明：在本节中，你将听到两篇长对话。

[00:12.01]At the end of each conversation, you will hear four questions.<ch>在每一篇对话的最后，你将会听到四个问题。

[00:15.60]Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.<ch>对话和问题均播放一遍。

[00:19.84]After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choices marked A), B), C) and D).<ch>听到问题后，你需要从A)、B)、C)和D)四个选项中选出最佳答案。

[00:27.41]Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.<ch>然后将相应的答案涂在答题卡1上。

[00:33.00]Conversation One<ch>对话一[00:35.65]M: How's your dissertation going? <ch>男：你的论文进展如何？[00:37.87]I'm proofreading my first draft and will submit it to my professor tomorrow. <ch>我正在校对我的初稿，明天会提交给我的教授。

2022年9月英语六级真题听力和答案Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1. A) It enables people to earn more money.C) It helps people with budgeting.B) It teaches the importance of financing.D) It introduces a novel way to invest.2. A) Many Americans are not satisfied with their income.B) Many Americans have no idea about how to invest.C) Most Americans do not know how to save money.D) Most Americans do not stick to a budget.3. A) Keep track of his money.C) Find more sources of income.B) Live within his means.D) Refrain from buying luxuries.4. A) It offers a greater variety of items.C) It changes one’s way of living.B) It helps avoid unnecessary spending.D) It saves one’s time for shopping.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) It is brand-new.C) It belongs to her mother.B) It has plenty of rooms.D) It has been vacant for months.6. A) Space.C) Appliances.B) Tranquility.D) Location.7. A) Talk to his wife about the contract terms.C) Check the references of the flat owner.B) Pay the first month’s rent and a deposit.D) Consult his solicitor one more time.8. A) She can have a wonderful view of the pond.B) She will be much closer to her work place.C) She can make friends with new neighbours.D) She will have plenty of space for her shoes.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) The more commercials they see, the more brands they get to know.B) The more commercials they see, the more they adore celebrities.C) The more television they watch, the fewer conflicts in the family.D) The more television they watch, the greater their parents’ stress.10. A) Inform children of the family’s financial situation.B) Shift children’s attention to interesting activities.C) Involve children in making purchasing decisions.D) Help children understand advertising’s intent.11. A) Their limited cognitive ability.C) Their admiration for celebrities.B) Their strong natural curiosity.D) Their lack of social experience.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12. A) Bad guys may do good deeds.B) Bad guys may go unpunished.C) Good guys may not always cooperate.D) Good guys may get unfair treatment.13. A) By what we do.B) By fair evaluation.C) In comparison with others.D) In accordance with set standards.14. A) Learn from them earnestly.B) Compete with them actively.C) Leave them alone temporarily.D) Cooperate with them sincerely.15. A) Being dismissed as hypocritical.B) Not getting the reward they deserve.C) Having to make too many sacrifices.D) Being misunderstood by people around.Section CQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They are increasingly aware of gender differences.B) They engage themselves in positive recollection.C) They begin to see the importance of friendship.D) They make friends with peers of the same sex.17. A) Competing for position.B) Pursuing fashion.C) Forging close ties with friends.D) Fulfilling family obligations.18. A) They prioritize romance over friendship.B) They try to strengthen same-sex friendships.C) They begin to take friendship more seriously.D) They compete intensely for romantic partners.Questions 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) They regard it as a matter of sheer privacy.B) They are worried about being turned down.C) They fear that their condition will be made widely known.D) They are afraid to be discriminated against once recruited.20. A) After receiving a job offer.C) When confirming an interview.B) During a job interview.D) Upon completing a cover letter21. A) Describe the true state of their health.C) Stress the irrelevance of their disability to the job.B) Provide all the information required.D) Avoid mentioning the name of their disability.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.22. A) Their scores were least affected by music with speech.B) It was the poorest when there was background speech.C) Their scores were most depressed with instrumental music.D) It was disrupted by the sound of an air conditioner or fan.23. A) It has to do with the type and volume of the background noise.B) It has to do with short-term memory for listening comprehension.C) It depends on the overlap in processing different kinds of information.D) It depends on the participants’ ability to concentrate on the task at hand.24. A) Keep everything as quiet as possible.B) Play nothing but instrumental music.C) Use vocal material as little as possible.D) Wear a pair of earphones or headphones.25. A) Sociable people were immune to all distractions.B) Shy quiet people were most adversely impacted.C) Less outgoing people were more affected by silence.D) Confident people were unaffected by high-arousal music.听力原文：Section A：六级听力原文（长对话1 理性消费）M:Welcome to Money Matters,【Q1】a weekly program that helps you manage your money. Tonight, I'll be talking to Mary Johnson about budgeting.W:Hello everyone.M: There's a magic about money.When it's not planned for, tracked and kept a record of, it literally disappears. What are some of the steps we can take to prevent this from happening? W: Well, it's all about keeping track of your money. If you don't do that, you'll never be able to set any goals for your budget or have the discipline to stick to them.M: That's easier said than done.【Q2】1 read recently that only 41% of Americans adhere tot budget.W:Yes, but【Q3】knowing what you earn and what you spend can give you reassurance that you won't get into debt in the first place.You can do this by adding up all of your sources of income you have and writing them all down on a piece of paper. On the same page, write down all of your monthly expenses.M:I'm always amazed at how much my expenses add up, but designating each item as an income or an expense really helps me have a much better sense of all my spending.W: Right, most people have no idea how much they spend each day, let alone each week, ormonth, no matter how careful they are. Next, subtract your monthly expenses from income. If the result is positive, you are living within your means. If the result is a negative number, you're going to have to cut back on yourspending.M: I'm usually a negative number. I just can't resist the allure of all those prestigious goods.W: Well, it's not a catastrophe, but you do have to make some changes. Try cutting back on those non-essential items,sell some stuff in your attic,【Q4】or shop online to avoid unnecessary temptations, like chocolate.Failing that you can always find yourself a part time job.Question 1.What does the man say about the weekly program?Question 2. What did the man read recently?Question 3. What does the woman suggest the man do first to avoid getting into debt? Question 4.What does the woman say about online shopping?Section A：六级听力原文（长对话2）Conversation 2M: Hi there, l've come to see the flat, my name is Mark Adams. We spoke on the phone on Wednesday.W:Hi,Mark, come on up. I'll buzz you in. Green door on the second floor on the right side. Nice to meet you. I spoke to all your references, and they all checked out OK. So let me show you around. The place actually belongs to my mother,but her health isn＇t great，so we finally managed to persuade her to move in with us and rent this old place out.(Question 5)M: It's a great size, plenty of space, very versatile. I think it's a winner for us.W: Yes, all the appliances are brand new. There's a washing machine and a tumble dryer in the utility room next to the kitchen.M:Lots of closet space too,which is fabulous. My wife has a ridiculous number of shoes. Now,the big question:What about noise and the neighbors? (Question 6)W:Well, all the neighbors are elderly. So no noisy kids and the back of the house overlooks a clear and peaceful pond, so it's perfect if tranquility is what you are looking for.M:That's good news. We've been living in a less than glamorous part of Aberdeen, constantly harassed day andnight by noisy neighbors.Getting to work was a nightmare too, as we only have one car and my wife has to use it as she yorks nights at the hospital.W: Well, if you like the place, it's yours, as soon as l get a contract drawn up with the solicitor. The first month' s rent and a deposit are mandatory on signing the contract,(Question 7) Then we can work out when is the best day for you to pay rent each month.M:We' ll be incredibly happy to be your new tenants. Thank you so much.My wife will be thrilled to get out of the shabby place we are now in, and start filling those wardrobes with all those shoes.(Question 8)Question 5: What does the woman say about the flat?Question 6: What is the man's chief consideration in looking for a flat?Question 7: What does the man have to do on signing the contract?Question 8: Why does the man say his wife will feel very excited if they move into the flat?Section B：六级听力原文（短文1）Passage one【9】A new study has found a positive correlation between how much television children watch and their parents stresss levels. Why? Because the more television kids watch, the more they are exposed to advertising. The more advertising they see, the more likely they are to insist on purchasing items when they go with their parents to the store. This could generate conflict if the parents refuse. All that, researchers say, can contribute to parents' overall stress levels. What's the solution? Perhaps the most obvious is curtailing screen time. Commercial content is therefore a reason to elicit purchasing behavior. So, parents might want to shut off the TV. Researchers concede that this is easier said than done, so,【10】they suggest another option. Parents can change how they talk to their kids about purchases.The researchers suggeyth parents seekinput from their children on family purchasing decisions.Theyshouldn't try to control all purchases. Instead,parents might tell their children things like "I will listen to your advice on certain products or brands".This type of communication, the researchers assert, can lead to children making fewer purchasing demands that means less parents' stress. However, the protective effect of this kind of communication diminishes with greater exposure to television. This is because advertising aimed at children is especially persuasive. 【11】Advertisers use an assortment of tactics, such as bright colors, happy music and celebrity endorsements to appeal to children. Plus, children don't have the cognitive ability to fully understand advertising's intent. That makes them particularly vulnerable to advertisements.Question 9: What has the new study found about children watching television?Question 10: What are parents advised to do to reduce the impact of TV commercials? Question 11:What makes children particularly vulnerable to TV commercials?Section B：六级听力原文（短文2）Everyone is supposed to cheer for good guys, and we should only punish the bad guys. But that's not what we always do. Most of the time, we do indeed reward good people. We also often punish people who harm others, or who aren't good team players. But [Q12] sometimes the good guys also get punished or criticized specifically because they are so good.This seems baffling because it's detrimental to group cooperation. However, the phenomenon has been discovered in multiple fields，and it has been found in every society. Why does this happen?Research suggests a simple reason. When one person looks really good, others look bad by comparison. Those others then have an incentive in stopping that person from looking good, especially if they can't or won't compete. After all, [Q13] we're all judged in comparison with others. When faced with someone better, what can a normal person do? [Q14] 0ne option is to actively compete. A second option is to bring that person dewn.That is to suppress their cooperation or work ethic, and first selfish motives for their actions, or implied real or imagined hypocrisy. Other tactics include attacking them on unrelated dimensions or punishing them outright. Why does this matter? Critics often attack the motives of people who protect the environment, donate money, or work too hard. [Q15] Such good deeds are dismissed as naive or hypocritical by those who do not perform those deeds. This criticism may ultimately discourage people from doing good deeds so it's important to recognize these attacks for what they are.Question 12 What baffling phenomenonjis discussed in the passage?Question 13 How are we all judged according to the passage?Question 14 What can a normal person do when faced with people who perform better?Question 15 What may discourage people from performing good deeds?[Recording One录音1]In america, most researchers concede that boys and girls are brought up in different ways, taught different skills and rewarded for different acts. Women, it is agreed excel at certain tasks, men at others. There is little argument that some personality traits appear more dominant in one sex than in the other. All of this notwithstanding, gender differences are very much in the media these days.Since the rise of the women's movement, gender role behavior has come under closer scrutiny. How has this affected friendship? How do the sexes differ in their friendship relations? Most pre teen children have a best friend who is usually some one of the same sex and similar age. Both sexes share an essentially positive recollection of these childhood friendships. They do not differ in this respect. However, the type of play engaged in during these early friendships is telling of the difference to come. Boys tend to form play groups that are competitive in nature. Girls groups more frequently revolve around cooperative enterprises. Thus at an early age, boys become concerned with trying hard and winning. While girls, by contrast, playhouse and school, engaging in roles that require complementary support of their childhood. Men recall being highly responsive to and aware of the gender role opinions of other boys. Girls in preteen years appear to be less susceptible to gender role pressure. It is not until the dating years that women report being concerned with feminine behavior. Males, for the most part, are responsive to the suggestion that their behavior is unmanly at almost any age.These early attitudes reinforced by social conditioning continue to play an active part in the friendships of both sexes during adolescence. This is a period when the majority of males, once again, report a close alliance with same sex friends.Now, however, with heightened intensity, considerable energy is devoted, competing for position and a definite undercurrent of competition permeates the relationship. Although in dissimilar fashion, females share equally fragile relationships at this age. For them, bond of loyalty extends only to the line of romantic involvement. This is most apt to be the case in late adolescence. When dating and relationships with boys take sharp precedence over sister hood, actually dating dilutes the intensity of same sex friendships for men, also for the majority of us. The moment we begin to date seriously. There's a competition between romance and friendship.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recordingYou have just heard.Question 16. Does the speaker say about most preteen children?Question 17, what do most males devote much of their energy to during adolescence? Question 18. What do children do when they reach late adolescenceRecording Two录音2Good afternoon. Today's lecture, we'll be talking about how and when to disclose a disability, when applying for a job, on average, about 20 % of the population has some form of disability. Most countries these days have equal opportunity and nondiscrimination laws. Yet, disabled people often find it hard to decide when how and if at all, to raise their disability problem, potential employer, there is uncertainty about how a recruiter will perceive their disability.As such. Many candidates fear they wouldn't be considered for a position. As a result ofdisclosing this personal information. And research has validated this as a genuine concern. For many job applicants. It's a natural reaction, but it shouldn't be a reason to stay quiet. People need to remember that they are applying for a position, they have the skills and experience to excel in discussing a disability. Potential employer may help them make reasonable workplace adjustments in their favor. It's most appropriate to discuss a disability.When they reply to confirm an interview, this information needn't be put up front in their cover letter or resume, because it's probably not relevant to the position itself. Candidates with disabilities should feel they have the power to make their own decisions around sharing this information free from prejudice. They find an organization that doesn't celebrate diversity and inclusion. It could say a lot about the company's culture. Perhaps the organization isn't the right fit. It's important for them to remember that they are seeking a manager and employer that's going to be supportive and continue to give them a great employment experience. Companies sometimes offer candidates the chance to disclose disabilities on their application form, but people shouldn't feel restricted by this method or timing. People should avoid sharing the name of their disability or condition. There is always the risk that the recruiter will research information that is inaccurate or irrelevant.If people don't think their disability will impact their ability to perform in the advertised position, then it's entirely their entitlement To choose when and whether to share this Information.Questions, 19 to 21 are based on the recording you have just heard.Question 19, why do disable job applicants feel reluctant to disclose their disability?question 20. When does the speaker suggest applicants reveal their disability Information? Question 21. What are people advised to do when filling out their job application form?Recording three录音3Smartphones distract attention and reduce learning because of their potential to offer activities more inviting than study. But what about background? Sound alone? A group of American researchers compared students comprehension of verbal material, when reading in the presence of background speech, instrumental music or general noise is neutral, such as that from the sound of an air conditioner or fan, students scores were most depressed in the presence of background speech. Comprehension was slightly better with the presence of music than with speech. However, when they were asked to identify melodies, rather than understand text, background music interfered more. When the background speech was in a language unfamiliar to participants, there was little if any hindrance of reading comprehension, British researchers compared the effects of background speech, vocal music, instrumental music, general background noise, and silence.On short term memory. Background speech had the biggest negative effect. Vocal music was slightly more disruptive than instrumental. In general, background noise and silence were least disruptive. It seems the degree of interference from background noise depends on the overlap between the processing required on the task, and the processing required to screen out the background noise. The study suggest that when people read, when they try to remember any verbal material, background speech will inhibit their ability. Instrumental music will have, at worst, a slight effect. When students write essays, however, other research has found it is best toreduce all background noise as much as possible. Not everyone reacts in the same way to distractions. Other studies suggest some aspects of personality may make a difference. The researchers subjected shy, quiet people and confident, outgoing ones to high arousal or low arousal background music, general noise or silence while asking them to remember words. Everyone performed best in the silent condition, but less sociable people were more negatively affected by each of the distractions.So when children are reading and trying to incorporate new material, parents could consider allowing some background music, particularly if it is instrumental, and their child is the outgoing type.Questions 22 to 25 are based on the recording. You have just heard.Question 22.What did some American researchers find about students reading comprehension in the presence of background noise?Question 23. What do we learn from the British researchers about the degree of interference from background noise?Question 24. What is best for students to do when writing essays? According to some research? Question 25. How do people of different personalities react to distractions according to other studies?参考答案：听力长对话1.C)It helps people with budgeting.2.D)Most Americans do not stick to a budget.3.A)Keep track of his money.4.B)It helps avoid unnecessary spending.5.C)It belongs to her mother.6.B)Tranquility.7.B)Pay the first month's rent and a deposit.8.D)She will have plenty of space for her shoes.听力篇章9.D)The more television they watch,the greater their parents'stress.10.C)Involve children in making purchasing decisions.11.A)Their limited cognitive ability.12.D)Good guys may get unfair treatment.13.C)In comparison with others.14.B)Compete with them actively.15.A)Being dismissed as hypocritical.听力讲座/讲话18.A)They prioritize romance over friendship.19.B)They are worried about being turned down.20.C)When confirming an interview.21.D)Avoid mentioning the name of their disability.22.B)It was the poorest when there was background speech.23.A)It depends on the overlap in processing different kinds of information.24.A)Keep everything as quiet as possible.25.B)Shy quiet people were most adversely impacted.(注：四六级考试是花卷，大家对答案时要看选项内容，不要只核对ABCD。