48个国际音标发音(完善版)

48个英语国际音标一、元音（Vowels)：1. 单元音(Monophthongs)：在发音过程中音质保持相对稳定的元音。

2. 双元音(Diphthongs)：由两个元音音素组合而成的连续变化的音。

3. 前元音(Front Vowels)：舌头靠近口腔前部发音的元音，如/i:/(ee)和/ɛ/(eh)。

4. 中元音(Central Vowels)：舌头位于口腔中央发音的元音，如/ə/(uh)。

5. 后元音(Back Vowels)：舌头靠近口腔后部发音的元音，如/u:/(oo)和/ɔ:/(aw)。

二、辅音(Consonants)：1. 清辅音(Voiceless Consonants)：发音时声带不振动的辅音，如/p/和/s/。

2. 浊辅音(Voiced Consonants)：发音时声带振动的辅音，如/b/和/z/。

3. 爆破音(Stops)：在发音过程中气流被完全阻断然后突然释放的辅音，如/p/、/b/、/t/和/d/。

4. 摩擦音(Fricatives)：通过气流受阻产生摩擦声的辅音，如/f/、/v/、/s/和/z/。

5. 破擦音(Affricates)：由爆破音和摩擦音组合而成的辅音，如/t ʃ/(ch)和/d ʒ/(j)。

6. 鼻音(Nasals)：通过鼻腔发出声音的辅音，如/m/、/n/和/ŋ/。

7. 舌侧音(Lateral Consonants)：舌头侧面接触口腔壁发出声音的辅音，如/l/。

8.半元音(Semi-vowels):在发音时像元音一样发出的辅音，也被称为近音或半元音，如/w/和/j/。

元音单元音前元音1 òźٌóɺ2 òؼóɺ3 òĠóɺ4 òÄóɺ ɺ中元音5 òقóɺ6 òظٌóɺ7 òرóɺ ɺ ɺ后元音8 òʩٌóɺ9 òفóɺ10 òخٌóɺ11 òحóɺ12 òجٌóɺ双元音 开合双元音 13 òĠؼóɺ14 ò¾ؼóɺ15 òخؼóɺ16 òرفóɺ17 ò¾فóɺ集中双元音 18 òؼرóɺ19 òĠرóɺ20 òفرóɺ ɺ ɺ辅音 爆破音清辅音 1 òǪóɺ 2 òɿóɺ 3 òƊóɺ ɺ ɺ浊辅音 4 òãóɺ 5 òČóɺ 6 òغóɺ ɺ ɺ摩擦音 清辅音 7 òŀóɺ8 òɜóɺ9 òؿóɺ10 òʇóɺ11 òűóɺ浊辅音 12 ò뎽óɺ13 ò돊óɺ14 òمóɺ15 òĻóɺ ɺ破擦音清辅音 16 òɿؿóɺ17 òɿɍóɺ18 òɿɜóɺ ɺ ɺ浊辅音 19 òČمóɺ20 òČɍóɺ21 òČ돊óɺ ɺ ɺ鼻音 浊辅音 22 òơóɺ23 òƬóɺ24 òĴóɺ ɺ ɺ舌侧音 浊辅音 25 òƓóɺ26 òɍóɺ ɺ ɺ ɺ半元音浊辅音27ò뎾óɺ28òƈóɺɺɺɺ。

英语国际音标表（48个）元音（20个）轻辅音/p/颇/t/特/k/克/f/佛/θ/四（咬舌音）/s/四浊辅音/b/伯/d/得/g/个/v/勿/ð/字（咬舌音）/z/自轻辅音/ʃ/是/h/和/ts/差（ci）/tʃ/迟/tr/缺长元音/ɑ:/啊（长音）/ɔ:/喔（长音）/ɜ:/额（长音）/i:/一（长音）/u:/屋（长音）短元音/ʌ/阿/ɒ/哦/ə/额/ɪ/一/ʊ/屋/e/挨/æ/挨双元音/eɪ/和拼音的“ei”一样/aɪ/挨/ɔɪ/外/ɪə/一而/eə/挨而/ʊə/勿而/əʊ/欧/aʊ/袄英语音标及字母组合对照1.元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i）three tree green tea meat he she me piece receive ceiling 2) [ I ]发音字母i y e ui u asit picture miss many twenty happy defect decide delicious 3) [ æ ] 发音字母abag hand happy hat map bad black back glad flag man 4) [e] 字母组合ea e a(ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay)head bread pleasure elephant sell lesson yes many any 5) [ɜ:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt turn burn murder learn earn earthterm her nerd serve work worm work world6) [ə] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember doctor actor author delicious gracious dollar together tomorrow around account ago elephant banana Canada Japan men listen Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合ar acar farm arm garden fast class last glass plant aunt calm 8) [ ʌ ] 发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch come mother trouble rough blood flood 9) [ɔ: ]字母组合al or au our arsmall wall talk short more lord horse author caughtautumn four mourn court bought warm quarter10) [ɒ]发音字母o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss want wash watch 11) [u:] 字母组合oo o ufood moon room broom doom goose tooth shoe do two true truth blue full prude12) [ʊ] 字母组合oo ou u olook good foot book wood should couldput full bull pull push woman wolf13) [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane April play say may waygreat break rain paint plain they grey14) [ai] 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night high my try fly eye 15) [aʊ] 字母组合ou owhouse out ground count sound loud around mouseflower down now cow how town16) [əʊ] 发音字母o ow oahome cold go know low below grow show boat coat goal 17) [ ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joy oil soil voice choice18) [iə] 字母组合eer earbeer deer ear near here fierce idea19) [eə]字母组合ear air erepear bear chair air fair there where care20) [ʊə]字母组合ourtour2.辅音音素：辅音音素/p/ 双唇紧闭，然后快速张开，让气流冲出口腔，发出爆破音，但声带不振动。

48个音标[超级详细版]英语音标是学习英语发音的基础，掌握好音标对于提高英语听说能力至关重要。

本篇文档将详细介绍英语中的48个音标，包括元音和辅音，帮助读者全面了解和掌握英语发音。

一、元音音标1. 长元音/i:/ 发音类似于汉语中的“一”，但口型要稍微大一些。

/ɜ:/ 发音类似于汉语中的“饿”，但口型要稍微小一些。

/ɔ:/ 发音类似于汉语中的“哦”，但口型要稍微大一些。

/ɑ:/ 发音类似于汉语中的“啊”，但口型要稍微大一些。

2. 短元音/ɪ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“一”，但口型要稍微小一些。

/ʌ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“饿”，但口型要稍微小一些。

/ɒ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“哦”，但口型要稍微小一些。

/ʊ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“呜”，但口型要稍微小一些。

3. 双元音/eɪ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“爱”，但口型要稍微大一些。

/aɪ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“爱”，但口型要稍微大一些。

/ɔɪ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“欧”，但口型要稍微大一些。

/əʊ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“欧”，但口型要稍微大一些。

/ɪə/ 发音类似于汉语中的“耶”，但口型要稍微大一些。

/eə/ 发音类似于汉语中的“耶”，但口型要稍微大一些。

/ʊə/ 发音类似于汉语中的“呜”，但口型要稍微大一些。

二、辅音音标1. 爆破辅音/p/ 发音类似于汉语中的“泼”，但声带不振动。

/b/ 发音类似于汉语中的“泼”，但声带振动。

/t/ 发音类似于汉语中的“特”，但声带不振动。

/d/ 发音类似于汉语中的“特”，但声带振动。

/k/ 发音类似于汉语中的“科”，但声带不振动。

/g/ 发音类似于汉语中的“科”，但声带振动。

2. 鼻音/m/ 发音类似于汉语中的“摸”，但口型要稍微闭紧。

/n/ 发音类似于汉语中的“呢”，但口型要稍微闭紧。

/ŋ/ 发音类似于汉语中的“嗯”，但口型要稍微闭紧。

3. 摩擦辅音/f/ 发音类似于汉语中的“夫”，但声带不振动。

/v/ 发音类似于汉语中的“夫”，但声带振动。

英语国际音标表（48个）英语音标及字母组合对照1.元音:1) [i:] 字母组合:ee ea e ie ei （eo ey i）three tree green sheep meet beef see seekeat tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak clean pleasehe she mepiece receive ceiling2) [ I ]发音字母i y e ui u asit picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missmyth many twenty happy dictionarydefect decide delicious3) [ æ ] 发音字母abag hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合ea e a （ue,u,ie,ai,ei,ay）head bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any5) [ε:] 字母组合ir ur ear er orgirl shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdturn burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerlearn earn earth heardterm her nerd servework worm work world6) [ε] 字母组合er or ou ar o a e uteacher leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoctor actor mayor author tractordelicious gracious pleasurefamiliar collar dollartogether tomorrow today shallop lesson Washington control politearound account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan chinamen listenfamulus Saturday7) [a:] 字母组合ar acar farm card arm gardenfast class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ ʌ ] 发音字母u o ou ooup supper lunch fun gun hunt cup buscome mother dose brother love abovetrouble rough flourishblood flood9) [ɔ: ]字母组合al or au our arsmall wall talk tall hall ball call walkshort more lord horse for forty sport door floor storeauthor caught autumnfour mourn court boughtwarm quarrel quarter10) [ ɔ ] ([ɒ])发音字母o a ouhot lost lot fox box mop hop loss collar notwant wash watch11) [u:] 字母组合oo o ufood moon room gloom broom doom goose toothshoe do twotrue truth blue full prude12) [u] 字母组合oo ou u olook good foot book woodshould couldput full bull pull pushwoman wolf13) [ei] 发音字母a ay ea ai eyname cake late gate plane Aprilplay say may waygreat breakrain paint plainthey grey14) [ai] 发音字母i ybike fine find die nine light night highmy try fly eye15) [au] 字母组合ou owhouse out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse flower down now cow how town16) [εu] 发音字母o ow oahome cold go no phone host ghostknow low below grow blow show flowboat coat goal17) [ ɔɪ ] 字母组合oy oiboy toy joyoil soil voice choice18) [iε] 字母组合eer earbeer deerear nearhere fierce idea19) [ ɛə ] ([eə])字母组合ear air erepear bearchair air fairthere wherecare20) [uε] [auə]字母组合our owerhour tour flower shower48个英语音标犹如60个汉语拼音，只要熟练地掌握了它们，对学习英语的作用是相当大的。

国际音标发音表英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音一、元音巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后。

双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。

辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。

有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。

关于语音的几个概念:音素:音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音.开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine2)辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音:sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音如: it is in on up out antA chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house.A mouse is in the cat’s mouth.A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea1 元音:1) [i:]字母组合: ee ea e iethr ee tree green sheep meet beef see seekea t tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak cleanp ie ce rec ei ve ceiling2) [І]发音字母i y es i t picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missman y twenty happy dictionary d e fect decide delicious3) [æ]发音字母ab a g hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合ea、e、ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any5) [З:] 字母组合ir ur ear er org ir l shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdt ur n burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerl ear n earn earth heard t er m her nerd serve w or k worm work world 6) [ə] 字母组合er or ou e ar o a uteach er leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoct or actor mayor author tractordelici ou s familiar collar dollar m e n listent o gether tomorrow today lesson Washington controla round account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china7) [a:] 字母组合ar ac ar farm card arm garden f a st class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ʌ]发音字母u oo o ouu p supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus bl oo d floodc o me mother dose brother love above tr ou ble rough flourish9) [ɔ:]字母组合al au or our arsm al l w al l t al k tall hall ball call walk au thor c au ght au tumnsh or t more lord horse for forty sport door floor storef our mourn court bought w ar m quarrel quarter10) [ɒ]发音字母o ah o t lost lot fox box mop hop loss not w a nt wash watch11) [u:]字母组合oo o uf oo d moon room gloom broom doom goose toothsh o e do two tr u e truth blue full prude12) [ʊ] 字母组合oo ou u ol oo k good foot book wood sh ou ld couldp u t full bull pull push w o man wolf13) [eI]发音字母a ay ea ai eyn a me cake late gate plane April pl ay say may waygr ea t break r ai n paint plain th ey grey14) [aI] 发音字母i yb i ke fine find die nine light night high m y try fly eye15) [aʊ]字母组合ou owh ou se out flour ground account count sound loud around mousefl ow er down now cow how town16) [əʊ]发音字母o ow oah o me cold go no phone host ghostkn ow low below grow blow show flow b oa t coat goal17) [ɔI]字母组合oy oib oy toy joy oil s oi l voice choice18) [iə] 字母组合eer earb eer deer ear near h ere f ier ce id ea19) [eə]字母组合ear air erep ear bear ch air air fair th ere where c are20) [ʊə]字母组合our owerh our tour fl ower shower3 辅音1) [p]p en pear play pig pour pull push2) [b]b ook big boot bike bread break3) [t]t wo ten ton town twenty city4) [d]d oor dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k]k ing kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)c ard cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fo x box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x) s ch ool schema (字母组合ch)6) [g]g irl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] m an make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pe n ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [ŋ] u n cle bank English think thank junk si ng king morning evening10) [l]l ong land lend lord fly flag black wor l d cold goal soul11) [r]r ead red right run room write12) [f]f ive fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecou gh laugh rough physic photo phone13) [v] v ery evening even every voice vest o f14) [s]s ix sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) li c ense city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)pie ce juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z]z oo zebra[ˈzi:brə]zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [θ] th ink thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [ð]th at this those these though18) [ʃ]sh eep shoulder ship shoe she brush washna t ion attention station so c ial special s ure19) [ʒ]plea s ure20) [h]h ot hop home house horse how who21) [w] w hen what where window wind wood22) [j]y es year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tʃ]ch ild chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [dʒ] a g e language cabbage vegetable stage bridgej oy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr]tr ee country try treat track trunk26) [dr]dr y dream drop drive drink27) [ts]studen ts boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goo ds woods moods hoods5字母，组合音节发音规律1）a[eI] late private grade bake grape nation station page[æ] active hand bank fan parent family glad flag[ə] accept about above formative machine cinema[ɑ:] fast last glass class past father[ɒ] wash what watch want2）e[i:] appr e ciate extr e mely secret she me he[e] l e tter left message generate pebble[І]decide pretty previous result restore[ə]problem prosperous student confident不发音active table late wife store lecture3）I[aI] high price library ice wife size line[I] fist pick chicken piano fiancécity unit4）o[əʊ]lode host cold note okay old home[u:] lose do who whose prove[ʌ] love some other mother honey company[ə] today tomorrow together control collect[ɒ] lost hot mock office soft honest5）u[ju] university refuse unique universe huge[ʊ]put push pull full bull[ʌ] but brush bucket duck bubble[ə] support suggest6）c[k] country camp camera courage cable[s] city ceiling celebrate cell cease7）g[g] girl grade glass glade bag flag[dʒ] village vegetable bridge gentleman gym [ŋ]long song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n[n]moon night noodle number[ŋ]uncle hungry angry young10) r[r] right read write grade progress[r] (美语发音)card board door floor form north 11）y[j] yellow year yell young yolk[І] university country pretty happy[aІ]dyke dying fly buy by my12）ar[ɑ:] farm card garden mark[ə] dollar [ɔ:] warm quarrel quarter13) ea[i:]cease season breathe feature meat please [e] bread breast breath meadow weather [eІ]great break [iə]idea realize14) ear[ə:] learn earth earn heard[Іə] hear near clear ear fear15) er[ə:] deserve serve her person[ə] teacher driver anger singer[Іə] serious experience mysterious fierce16）ere[Іə] here mere fere sere[eə] there17) ir[ə:] shirt girl skirt[aI] admire desire18) oo[u:] room tool cool moon noon goof food[ʊ] good foot stood wood wool cook wood book [ʌ] blood flood [ɔ:] door floor19) or[ɔ:] short form corn born for[З:] work world worm word worst[ə] tractor doctor actor sector senior senator 20) oor[ɔ:] door floor [ʊə] moor poor boor 21) our[aʊə]hour tour flour bourn lour[ɔ:] pour court four mourn22) ou[aʊ] house mouth mouse sound ound[ʌ] enough trouble touch[ə] delicious gracious prosperous23) ow[əʊ] window meadow know show low[aʊ] now town how down cow24) se[z] nose suppose gose lose pose rose[s] mouse house25) th[θ]thank think thought cloth[ð] clothes that this then than26) sion[ʃən] propulsion tension progression passion [ʒən]protrusion provision conclusion television 27) tion[ʃən] station nation translation attention[tʃən] (不常见) question。

一、元音前元音：[i:] [i] [e] [æ]前元音发音要领：舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起，嘴不要收圆。

注意：[i:]是长元音，发长元音时要比发短元音长两倍以上。

[i:]先摆出汉字“一”的口型然后①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部尽量向硬颚抬起。

②嘴唇向两旁伸开，成扁平形。

1、发音组合：e Chinese 中国人ee feeling 感情ei receive 接到ie believe 相信ea please 请2、词汇拓展：we、she 、meet 、sixteen 、each 、please3、实用操练:（1）Speaking English is a piece of cake. 说英语是小菜一碟（2）Seeing is believing. 眼见为实。

4、额外奉献：Please feel free to ...(请尽管.../请随时...）这是一个非常好用的句型。

（1）Please feel free to visit anytime.请尽管随时采访。

（2）Please feel free to ask for any help anytime.需要帮忙尽管说字母组合[i]先摆出汉字“一”的口型然后①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部向硬颚抬起。

②发音短促，上下齿之间可容纳小指尖。

1、发音组合：i visit 参观 e English英语u busy忙ee been曾经是y pretty漂亮的ui build建造2、词汇拓展：six 、eleven 、trip 、list、movie3、实用操练：（1）Where there is a will, there is a way.有志者事竟成。

（2）I'm pretty busy.我很忙。

[e]疯狂外号：“小开口45度”音，简称为“45度”音。

先摆出汉字“哎”的口型然后①舌尖抵下齿，舌前部稍抬起，比[i:]低。

②牙床开得比[i:]宽，上下齿间可容纳一个食指。

一、元音（一）单元音1.前元音：[ i: ] [ i ] [ e ] [ æ ][ i: ] 音标特征:前元音舌位高不圆唇长元音发音要诀:舌前部抬得最高，牙齿近乎全合。

舌尖抵下齿。

舌前部向硬颚尽量抬起,但比汉语普通话“i”音稍低, 没有摩擦。

嘴唇向两旁伸开,成扁平行. 做微笑状,发[ i: ]长音。

注意: “: ”是长音符号,长元音往往比它相应的短元音长两倍以上。

发音组合: e ee ea ie ei代表单词:m e h e w e e venb ee f ee l br ee ze d ee p fr ees ea t b ea t l ea d t ea ea t r ea songr ie f bel ie ve ach ie verec ei ve conc ei ve[ i ] 音标特征: 前元音半高音扁平唇短元音发音要诀: 舌前部比[i:]稍低,比[e]高，舌尖抵下齿,嘴唇扁平分开。

牙床也开得稍大一些比[ i:]稍宽,比[ e ]窄。

上下齿之间的距离大约可以容纳一个小指尖。

使下颚稍稍下垂,舌前部也随之稍稍下降,即可发出短促[ i ]音。

发音组合: i代表单词: s i t b i t k i ck p i ck w i sh音标对比: [ i: ] [ i ]s ea t s i tb ea t b i tsh ee p sh i p[ e ]音标特征:前元音半高音不圆唇短元音发音要诀:舌尖抵下齿, 舌前部稍抬起, 舌后接近硬颚, 比[ i:] 低。

牙床也开得半开半合,比[ i:] 宽,整体做微笑状。

上下齿之间的距离大约相当于一个食指尖。

发音组合: e ea a代表单词：p e n t e n b e st b e g e gg n e tbr ea d h ea venm a rry a ny m a ny音标对比：[ i ] [ e ]s i t s e tl i ft l e ftd i d d ea d[æ]音标特征: 前元音低舌音不圆唇短元音发音要诀: 舌前部最低，双唇向两旁平伸,成扁平行牙床开的最大。

国际音标发音表英语国际音标共48个，其中20个元音，20个辅音，3个鼻音，2个半元音，3个似拼音一、元音巧记48个国际音标单元音共十二，四二六前中后。

双元音也好背，合口集中八个整。

辅音共计二十八，八对一清又七浊，四个连对也包括。

有气无声清辅音，有声无气浊辅音，发音特点应掌握。

关于语音的几个概念:音素:音的最小单位,英语中有48个音素.音节:由元音和辅音构成的发音单位元音:发音响亮,是乐音,口腔中气流不受阻碍,是音节的主要组成部分.英语中有20个元音.辅音:发音不响亮,是噪音,口腔中气流受到阻碍,不是音节的重要组成部分,英语中有28个辅音. 开音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音+不发音e如:kite cake name bike make take home plane shine2)辅音+元音如:he hi go no do be tree three hello闭音节:1)辅音+元音+辅音:sit bed bad bag hot hop let mad map head2)元音+辅音如: it is in on up out antA chicken is in the kitchen. / A horse is in the house.A mouse is in the cat’s mouth.A sheep eats some beef and drinks some green tea1 元音:1) [i:]字母组合: ee ea e iethr ee tree green sheep meet beef see seekea t tea meat leave lead teacher team mean speak cleanp ie ce rec ei ve ceilings i t picture it is list six mix fix fit pig big build missman y twenty happy dictionary d e fect decide delicious3) [æ]发音字母ab a g hand and ant happy hat map mad bad black back glad flag shall man4) [e] 字母组合ea、e、ahead bread pleasureelephant electric remember sell shell lesson better bed desk hotel yes many any5) [З:] 字母组合ir ur ear er org ir l shirt skirt thirty thirteen third birdt ur n burn murder nurse turtle Thursday burgerl ear n earn earth heard t er m her nerd serve w or k worm work world 6) [ə] 字母组合er or ou e ar o a uteach er leader remember player speaker farmer powderdoct or actor mayor author tractordelici ou s familiar collar dollar m e n listent o gether tomorrow today lesson Washington controla round account ago elephant manta banana Canada Japan china7) [a:] 字母组合ar ac ar farm card arm garden f a st class last glass plant aunt calm8) [ʌ]发音字母u oo o ouu p supper lunch fun gun hunt cup bus bl oo d floodc o me mother dose brother love above tr ou ble rough flourish9) [ɔ:]字母组合al au or our arsm al l w al l t al k tall hall ball call walk au thor c au ght au tumnsh or t more lord horse for forty sport door floor storef our mourn court bought w ar m quarrel quarter10) [ɒ]发音字母o ah o t lost lot fox box mop hop loss not w a nt wash watch11) [u:]字母组合oo o uf oo d moon room gloom broom doom goose toothsh o e do two tr u e truth blue full prude12) [ʊ] 字母组合oo ou u ol oo k good foot book wood sh ou ld couldp u t full bull pull push w o man wolf13) [eI]发音字母a ay ea ai eyn a me cake late gate plane April pl ay say may waygr ea t break r ai n paint plain th ey greyb i ke fine find die nine light night high m y try fly eye15) [aʊ]字母组合ou owh ou se out flour ground account count sound loud around mouse fl ow er down now cow how town16) [əʊ]发音字母o ow oah o me cold go no phone host ghostkn ow low below grow blow show flow b oa t coat goal17) [ɔI]字母组合oy oib oy toy joy oil s oi l voice choice18) [iə] 字母组合eer earb eer deer ear near h ere f ier ce id ea19) [eə]字母组合ear air erep ear bear ch air air fair th ere where c are20) [ʊə]字母组合our owerh our tour fl ower shower3 辅音1) [p]p en pear play pig pour pull push2) [b]b ook big boot bike bread break3) [t]t wo ten ton town twenty city4) [d]d oor dull desk dose do dog dictionary5) [k]k ing kite key look cook book kitchen sky (发音字母k)c ard cat cream correct climb come account accept (发音字母c)fo x box oxygen x-ray (发音字母x) s ch ool schema (字母组合ch)6) [g]g irl good goal goat grade long language7) [m] m an make moon morning move come comb8) [n] pe n ten nine fine night noon moon clean9) [ŋ] u n cle bank English think thank junk si ng king morning evening10) [l]l ong land lend lord fly flag black wor l d cold goal soul11) [r]r ead red right run room write12) [f]f ive fly fine flag frog fog roof knife life wifecou gh laugh rough physic photo phone13) [v] v ery evening even every voice vest o f14) [s]s ix sit student same seat kiss miss case scarf (发音字母s) li c ense city cease cedar ceiling celebrate (发音字母c)pie ce juice science lance space ace (字母组合ce)15) [z]z oo zebra[ˈzi:brə]zero zapclose nose hose suppose pause those whose16) [θ] th ink thank three thirty tooth mouth17) [ð]th at this those these thoughna t ion attention station so c ial special s ure19) [ʒ]plea s ure20) [h]h ot hop home house horse how who21) [w] w hen what where window wind wood22) [j]y es year yell you your yolk yellow23) [tʃ]ch ild chicken china chair lunch ouch catch teach24) [dʒ] a g e language cabbage vegetable stage bridgej oy enjoy join July June junk25) [tr]tr ee country try treat track trunk26) [dr]dr y dream drop drive drink27) [ts]studen ts boots boats goats nuts28) [dz] goo ds woods moods hoods5字母，组合音节发音规律1）a[eI] late private grade bake grape nation station page[æ] active hand bank fan parent family glad flag[ə] accept about above formative machine cinema[ɑ:] fast last glass class past father[ɒ] wash what watch want2）e[i:] appr e ciate extr e mely secret she me he[e] l e tter left message generate pebble[І]decide pretty previous result restore[ə]problem prosperous student confident不发音active table late wife store lecture3）I[aI] high price library ice wife size line[I] fist pick chicken piano fiancécity unit4）o[əʊ]lode host cold note okay old home[u:] lose do who whose prove[ʌ] love some other mother honey company[ə] today tomorrow together control collect[ɒ] lost hot mock office soft honest5）u[ju] university refuse unique universe huge[ʊ]put push pull full bull[ʌ] but brush bucket duck bubble[k] country camp camera courage cable[s] city ceiling celebrate cell cease7）g[g] girl grade glass glade bag flag[dʒ] village vegetable bridge gentleman gym [ŋ]long song sing morning evening8) l [l] 读音不同listen learn language collect English gorilla world cold soil tall sell cool animal9) n[n]moon night noodle number[ŋ]uncle hungry angry young10) r[r] right read write grade progress[r] (美语发音)card board door floor form north 11）y[j] yellow year yell young yolk[І] university country pretty happy[aІ]dyke dying fly buy by my12）ar[ɑ:] farm card garden mark[ə] dollar [ɔ:] warm quarrel quarter13) ea[i:]cease season breathe feature meat please [e] bread breast breath meadow weather [eІ]great break [iə]idea realize14) ear[ə:] learn earth earn heard[Іə] hear near clear ear fear15) er[ə:] deserve serve her person[ə] teacher driver anger singer[Іə] serious experience mysterious fierce16）ere[Іə] here mere fere sere[eə] there17) ir[ə:] shirt girl skirt[u:] room tool cool moon noon goof food[ʊ] good foot stood wood wool cook wood book[ʌ] blood flood [ɔ:] door floor19) or[ɔ:] short form corn born for[З:] work world worm word worst[ə] tractor doctor actor sector senior senator20) oor[ɔ:] door floor [ʊə] moor poor boor21) our[aʊə]hour tour flour bourn lour[ɔ:] pour court four mourn22) ou[aʊ] house mouth mouse sound ound[ʌ] enough trouble touch[ə] delicious gracious prosperous23) ow[əʊ] window meadow know show low[aʊ] now town how down cow24) se[z] nose suppose gose lose pose rose[s] mouse house25) th[θ]thank think thought cloth[ð] clothes that this then than26) sion[ʃən] propulsion tension progression passion[ʒən]protrusion provision conclusion television27) tion[ʃən] station nation translation attention[tʃən] (不常见) question中西方餐桌礼仪文化差异总结饮食文化、餐具、进餐方式以及一系列的餐桌礼仪等都反映了不同民族的社会生活样式和文化取向。