2019-2020学年上海市杨浦高级中学高三英语第一次联考试卷及参考答案第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项ASheffieldLincoln College of EnglishClasses for foreign students at all levels.3 months, 6 months, 9 months and one year course.Open all year.Small class (at most 12 students).Library, language laboratory and listening center.Accommodation (住宿)with selected families.25 minutes from London.Course fees for English for one year are￡1,380 with reduction for shorter periods of study.1.This passage is probably taken from _______.A.an advertisementB.a noticeC.a posterD.a piece of news2.Who will be accepted by this college?A.Both foreign and native students.B.Only foreign beginners and the advanced.C.Foreign students from beginners to the advanced.D.Only foreign students advanced.3.While you stay there, who will take care of you?A.Your parents.B.Your classmates.C.The school where you study.D.The family you have chosen.BAs every mobile-phone owner knows, after a year or so the battery starts to fade and the beast needs recharging more frequently.That is troublesome, but a phone’s batteries can be replaced fairly cheaply — or thewhole device traded in for the latest model. An electric car, though, is a much bigger investment. And batteries are its priciest component, representing around 30% of an average mid-size vehicle.To provide buyers with some peace of mind, carmakers guarantee their batteries, typically for eight years or around 200,000km. Producers, planning to go much further than that, though, are racing to launch “million mile”(1.6m kilometers) batteries. Contemporary Amperex Technology, a giant Chinese firm which produces batteries fora number of carmakers, was said to be ready to start producing batteries which would last for 16 years or 2m kilometres. Elon Musk has suggested that Tesla,a Californian maker of electric vehicles, has a million-mile battery in the works. And over in Detroit,General Motors is in the final stages of developing an advanced battery which it says has similar longevity (寿命)。
精心整理2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening Comprehension1．（1.5分）A．Job applicants．B．University students．C．News reporters．6．（1.5分）A．The Student Union．B．The Tutoring Service Center．C．Her professor's office．D．Her tutor's home．7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．9．（1.5分）A．She is disappointed with his decision．B．30minutesC．40minutesD．4days12．（4.5分）（1）A．It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food．B．Its residents lose altogether 100，000kg by 2020．C．Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public．D．Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone（2）A．Local people share healthy diet with each other．B．Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim．C．Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter．D．Government officials persevere in physical exercise．（3）A．Students are encouraged to walk or ride to schoolB．Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries．C．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Try to find an extraordinary online game．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank.14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste and goodness but with little or （3）of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji ﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciencesbooks is like a room without windows．Mann （1）pointed out the value of books，but some researchers have found evidence that people with books in their homes really do gain a window on the world．A new study in the journal Social Science Research，publishing in October，suggests that people who grow up with more books are more likely to have educational （2），and to achieve more in life，than people who grow up without them．In the study，over 160，000 adults from 31 countries and regions were asked about the number of books there were intheir homes when they were 16 years old．Then they were（3）in literacy，numeracy （计算能力）and information communication technology．The research shows that the number of books for each household （4）greatly from country to country．（5），the number of books is 27 in Turkey，143 in the UK and 218 in Estonia．But "the total （6）of home library size on literacy are large everywhere" ，according to researcher Joann Sikorn of Australian National University in a paper based on the study．paper．（1）A．simply B．definitely C．generally D．randomly （2）A．backgrounds B．advantages C．requirements D．development （3）A．estimated B．examined C．tested D．investigated （4）A．changes B．alters C．shifts D．varies（5）A．By comparison B．As a result C．For instance D．In total（6）A．effects B．expenses C．inputs D．contributions （7）A．higher B．lower C．average D．similar（8）A．make up for B break up with C．live up to D．catch up with （9）A．senior B．essential C．equal D．familiar（10）A．addition B．engagement C．devotion D．exposure （11）A．prove B．demonstrate C．enhance D．acquireUS，suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress．People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression，anxiety，and body aches，reported the Daily Mail．But with secrets so often getting out，why do people share them at all？Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend．Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them．A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other．"Keeping or sharingsecrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone．" according to Shah．He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out．But this doesn't mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people．A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside．To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress，and make them talk about the secret．Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself inC．It's better to inform others of the chances of your leaking secrets beforehand．D．Putting yourself in others' shoes helps realize the difficulty of keeping secrets．（4）What's the best title for the passage？A．Walls have ears．B．Still tongues make wise heads．C．A word spoken is past recalling．D．Every wall has a crack．17．（6分）Does the thought of cooking an entire Christmas dinner for friends and family make you shudder？Our cookery writer Sophie Godwin has created the ultimate simplified menu for a stress﹣free day．With a range of time﹣saving techniques and showstopping flavour twists，this is the only festive menu you'll ever need．Embrace the art of the shortcut!Your timeplan to eat at 2 pmView and print our at﹣a﹣glance infographic time plan．? 11 am Take your turkey out of the fridge．Buy your ingredientsWe've pre﹣loaded your shopping list so that you can quickly buy all your ingredients for this menu in one go．Just click below to be taken to your shopping list，where you can buy all your ingredients from your preferred supermarket，and remove any ingredients as needed，and even print the list，to use direct when shopping．（Serves 6）Add to shopping ListThe above shopping list is powered by Whisk．Please check your list thoroughly beforepurchasing．If the same items appear across different recipes they will not automatically combine in your list and you'll need to do this manually．Please also check the products that have been selected via the Whisk program，as you may prefer a different brand from that listed．（1）Which section CAN'T we find on the website？A．Classic cocktailsB．Vegetarian Christmasphenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves．In order to explore how our brain does this，a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University．The research entered on an intuition（直觉）﹣﹣﹣that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps ﹣﹣﹣as a vehicle for understanding larger neural（神经系统的）phenomena；how this behavior reveals the ability to monitor，recognize，and remember the sound of one's own movements in relation to those of their larger environments．In the experiment，research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear，reported Science Daily．During the first several days，the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step．This was just like "running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note"，senior study author Richard Mooney，a professor of neurobiology at Duke University，told Live Science．Scientists found that their auditory cortex （听觉皮层）﹣the area of the brain that processes sound ﹣became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two orexperience to change how we play ﹣and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors．"（1）What can be discovered about mice in the experiment？A．Their brain responds inactively to the familiar soundsB．They are able to detect sounds other animals don't notice．C．They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps．D．Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds．（2）What's the function of the sensory filter？A．Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds．B．Ignoring the sounds made by our companions．C．Identifying the sounds from a larger environmentD．Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement．（3）Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is played？conflicts．D．Self﹣centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs．E．This analysis of "we﹣talk" suggested that the frequent use of "we" and "us" is linked to happier and healthier relationships．F．They found that too much "I﹣talk" was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions．Building a lasting social relationshipWe all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with，and who share their lives with us in return．But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy．According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships，the key is to use "we﹣talk"．Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues，thewell．IV. Summary Writing20．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．When we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes，many of us often think：" I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we are，chances are that we don't stick to our promise．This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination（拖延症）"．According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014，bedtime procrastination is a common problem．In their study，53 percent of the 2，400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule，delaying itat least twice a week．It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late，but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things，which were keeping them up in the first place．21．（5分）无论幸福的定义如何变化，人们永远不会放弃追求幸福的权利．（right）22．（5分）在团队精神的鼓舞下，研究小组的每个成员都为新项目做出了自己的贡献．（contribution）23．（5分）越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．24．（5分）在人类身上使用基因编辑技术是非常危险的．它不仅违背了医学伦理道德，并且可能产生无法预知的后果．（Not）VI. Guided Writing25．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际谈谈你的看法．2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening ComprehensionB．Excited．C．Surprised．D．Calm．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略4．（1.5分）A．They can hardly find time to do exercise．B．Both of them are fond of doing exercise．C．Doing exercise is the last thing they'd like to do．D．The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．【考点】15：短对话理解．【解答】略【点评】略8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略11．（4.5分）（1）A．A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests．B．Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians．C．People may step onto a landmine（地雷）and get injured．D．Other roads have a litter problem，which spoils good mood．（2）A．It is a rare species of rat．B．It has a good sense of smell．C．It sacrifices its life to detect dangers．D．It is terrified of explosive device．（3）13minutesB．30minutesC．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Neither of them can find a suitable game．B．They are both enthusiastic about games．C．Good games cost a large amount of money．D．They often go Dutch when buying gifts．（2）A．It includes fantasy role﹣playing．B．It doesn't have an actual ending．C．It is an expensive online game．D．It is something like a racing game．14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）although it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）What would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste andgoodness but with little or （3）none of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have discovered just such a plant （4）growing（grow）wild in a remote area in Fujian province，southern China．（5）As they report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry，not only is the tea plant naturally caffeine﹣free but it also contains a number of unique medicinal compounds that，the locals believe，offer considerable health benefits．（6）Known（know）locally as Hongyacha，the newly discovered plant grows only6．Known．考查非谓语，be known as：被称为，作为..被熟知，这里是过去分词做状语，故填known．7．above．考查介词，海平线1000米以上，故填above．8．are exploring．考查时态，根据now可知使用现在进行时，主语是复数，故填are exploring．9．to be bred．考查语态，to do这里表将来，将来被培育的新品种，故填to be bred．10．has been reported．考查时态，但是没有报道任何进展，因为是进展做主语，故使用被动，表示动作的持续，故填has been reported．【点评】语法填空题是考查学生对语篇的理解能力和语言知识的应用能力．解题时，要在理解文章的基础上，充分考虑语境和上下文的联系．运用所掌握的词汇，语法等知识进行作答．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.a large number of books at home got a（n）（7）D score as university graduates who grewup with only a few books．The Guardian newspaper commented that "bookish adolescence makes for a good deal of educational advantage．""Reading books in a young age can （8）A shortcomings not only in adult literacy but also numeracy；its impacts are （9）C to additional years of education．" Sikora told Science Alert．Apart from the educational benefits，growing up with more books also plays an important role in adult success．"Early （10）D to books in the parental home matters because books are an essential part of routines and practices that（11）C lifelong cognitive （认知的）abilities"，Sikora told Science Alert．These abilities are（12）B to future development．Without doubt，the fact that we are moving toward a digital era could（13）A the importance of printed books．For now，（14）B，"they still seem to（15）C quite（14）A．therefore B．however C otherwise D．likewise （15）A．enjoy B．obtain C．maintain D．reduce【考点】M6：人生感悟类阅读．【分析】短文主要通过研究表明书对人们的文化程度、计算机能力和认知能力等都有积极的影响．【解答】1﹣15 ABCDC ADACD CBABC1．A．副词的辨析，simply简单地，definitely绝对地，generally一般而言，randomly随意地，Mann只是指出书的重要性而已，故答案为A．2．B．名词的辨析，backgrounds背景，advantages优点，requirements要求，development 发展，研究表明成长中有更多书的人更有可能有教育上的优势，故答案为B．3．C．动词的辨析，estimated估计，examined检测，tested试验，investigated调查，接着这些人被测试他们的文化和计算机能力等，故答案为C．4．D．动词的辨析，changes改变，alters改变，shifts改变，varies各异，研究表明家庭里的藏书不同国家间各异，故答案为D．义务的，这些能力对于将来的发展具有关键性的作用，故答案为B．13．A．动词的辨析，weaken变弱，highlight强调，overestimate评价过高，reflect反映，毫无疑问我们现在生活的数码时代会使纸质书的重要性变弱，故答案为A．14．B．副词的辨析，therefore所以，however然而，otherwise不然的话，likewise同样地，前后句子构成转折的关系，故答案为B．15．C．动词的辨析，enjoy享受，obtain获得，maintain保持，reduce减少，直到现在，书似乎还是对人有积极的作用，故答案为C．【点评】在做完形填空时，首先需要快速的浏览全文，把握文章的主旨大意；其次要学会带着问题到文中相应的地方，通过细节阅读来寻找或概括答案；最后理清作者的写作思路也非常重要；做此类题时，要多注意一些形容词或动词的搭配，在平时多积累一些固定搭配．Section BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage youaccording to Shah．He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out．But this doesn't mean that it isa good idea only to share secrets with quiet people．A quiet person may be someone whokeeps everything inside．To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress，and make them talk about the secret．Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself in their position．Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give theinformation away．Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someone's secret you should come clean about it．Let the person know that their secret isn't so secret anymore．（1）The underlined phrase "spill the bean" is closest in meaning to A．A．let out a secretB．tell the truthC．eat our wordsD．take gossip【分析】本文章主要讲述了每个人都有秘密，每个人都会替别人保守秘密，可是心中的秘密过多是对身体不好的，会造成压力．同时秘密也不可能被永远保守，只要是发生了的事情总是会被他人知道的．【解答】1．A．词义猜测题．根据文章第一段内容，"Don't tell anyone"．We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us．But it can be hard to keep a secret．We're often tempted to "spill the beans "，even if we regret it later．"不要告诉任何人"．当有人告诉我们一个秘密时，我们会听到这些话．但是很难保守秘密．即使我们后来后悔了，我们也经常想把保守的秘密透露出去，结合选项，故选A．2．D．细节题．根据文章第三段内容，People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression，anxiety，and body aches．知道他人秘密、替他人保守秘密的人会患上抑郁症、焦虑症和身体疼痛．．结合选项，故选D．3．D．推理题．根据文章最后一段内容，Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself in their position．Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away．由此可知，沙阿Shah 说，要判断是否要告诉skin．? 12 pm Put the turkey in the oven to roast．? 12.15 pm Boil the potatoes and root vegetables．Make the harissa & orange marmalade glaze．Chop the ingredients for the stuffing sprouts．? 1 pm Baste the turkey，pour in the white wine and nestle cabbage wedges around the bird．Return to the oven．? 1.10 pm Prepare the separate ingredients for the mackerel starter．? 1.25 pm Smash the roasties and put them in the oven．? 1.30 pm Check the turkey﹣take out to rest if the internal temperature has reached 65C．Return the cabbage to the oven to finish cooking．? 1.35 pm Toss the roasted roots in the harissa glaze，then put in the oven．? 1.40 pm Make the gravy，cook the sprouts and keep warm．?2 pm Sit down to the starter，with everything for your lunch ready to go．?The dessert takes just 10 minutes to assemble ，so you can do it once you've enjoyedD．Wealth management（2）How long does it take to toast the turkey？CA．1 hourB．2 hoursC．1.5 hoursD．2.5 hours（3）Which of the following is True？BA．The entire Christmas dinner is composed of a roasted turkey and dessert．B．The automatically﹣generated shopping list is just for user's reference．C．Most of the ingredients on the shopping list come from the same brand．D．You can buy all your ingredients online through Whisky by one click．【考点】O3：广告布告类阅读．【分析】本文是一篇广告布告类阅读，主要介绍了为朋友和家人烹饪整个圣诞晚餐的想法会让你不寒而栗吗？我们的烹饪作家Sophie Godwin为无压力的一天创造了最终的简why it occurs to us that it's someone else's footsteps ，not ours？According to a new study published in the journal Nature in September，this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves．In order to explore how our brain does this，a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University．The research entered on an intuition（直觉）﹣﹣﹣that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps ﹣﹣﹣as a vehicle for understanding larger neural（神经系统的）phenomena；how this behavior reveals theability to monitor，recognize，and remember the sound of one's own movements in relation to those of their larger environments．In the experiment，research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear，reported Science Daily．During the first several days，the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step．This was just like "running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note"，senior study author Richard Mooney，a professor of neurobiology at Duke University，told Live Science．﹣such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano ﹣and we compare this to what we actually hear，"explains Schneider．"We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play ﹣and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors．"（1）What can be discovered about mice in the experiment？AA．Their brain responds inactively to the familiar soundsB．They are able to detect sounds other animals don't notice．C．They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps．D．Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds．（2）What's the function of the sensory filter？CA．Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds．B．Ignoring the sounds made by our companions．C．Identifying the sounds from a larger environmentD．Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement．easily after tuning out familiar sounds．这表明老鼠大脑中的"感觉过滤器"可以帮助它在排除熟悉的声音后，很容易地检测到新的声音或环境中的异常噪音．所以A选项他们的大脑对熟悉的声音反应迟钝．是实验的结果，故选A．2．C．推理判断题．根据倒数第五段的句子：It's almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter（过滤）out the sound of their own movements这就像他们戴着特殊的耳机，可以过滤掉自己运动的声音．可见这种过滤器可以识别大环境中的声音，所以选C．3．D．推理判断题．根据倒数第二段句子；Being able to ignore the sounds of one's own movements is likely important for humans as well．But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important．能够忽略自己动作的声音对人类来说也很重要．但是预测自己动作声音的能力对于更复杂的人类行为来说也很重要，可见一个好的指挥家对在管弦乐队中如何演奏每个音符有很好的预测．故选D．4．B．推理判断题．着时间的推移，根据第一段句子：You're walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps．Undoubtedly ，it means that there's someoneD．Self﹣centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs．E．This analysis of "we﹣talk" suggested that the frequent use of "we" and "us" is linked to happier and healthier relationships．F．They found that too much "I﹣talk" was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions．Building a lasting social relationshipWe all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with，and who share their lives with us in return．But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy．According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships，the key is to use "we﹣talk"．Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues，the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5，000 participants．【考点】PF：选句填空．【分析】本文属于说明文阅读，作者通过这篇文章主要向我们描述了如何建立一种持久的社会关系，朋友是我们共同生活的特殊人．他们与我们分享他们的生活．但寻找朋友和保持友谊绝非易事．【解答】1．E．推理判断题．根据文章前文Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues，the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5，000 participants由加州大学心理学家梅根?罗宾斯和她的同事领导，研究人员对30项不同的研究进行了回顾和分析，涉及超过5项；可知交谈"表明，频繁使用"我们"和"我们"与更幸福、更健康的关系有关；故选E．2．A．推理判断题．根据前文The word "we" moves people from an individual position into a partnership，which makes us more interdependent我们"这个词将人们从个人职位转移到合伙企业，罗宾斯告诉"科学日报"；可知代词有助于洞察人们是把自己看作是个人还是整体的一部分；故选A．3．C．推理判断题．根据后文The primary point is that interdependence may bring aboutthink：" I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we are，chances are that we don't stick to our promise．This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination（拖延症）"．According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014，bedtime procrastination is a common problem．In their study，53 percent of the 2，400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule，delaying it at least twice a week．It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late，but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things，which were keeping them up in the first place．"People who generally have trouble resisting temptations and sticking to their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed．" Floor Kroese，a psychologist at Utrecht University，further explained to HuffPost．Yet，according to scientists，lack of self﹣control is not the only thing to blame．Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bed time．In order to check the分析：这句话使用that引导宾语从句．【解答】Two studies carried out separately in Netherlands and Germany find that lack of self ﹣control and the influence of body clock on sleep are to blame for "bedtime procrastination "，the behavior of delaying going to bed．（要点Psychologists reached the conclusion by following participants' sleep schedule and studying sleep patterns．（高分句型一）（要点二）They warn that bedtime procrastination is potentially bad for health．（高分句型二）（要点三）【点评】这是一篇提纲类作文，我们需要用正确的英语把给出的要点表达出来．动笔前，一定要认真分析要点，理解要点要表达的含义，不能遗漏要点，跑题偏题．本作文中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.【解答】答案：Inspired by the team spirit ，every member of the research group made his contributions to the new project．根据句意和所给部分可知这里使用过去分词作状语，make contributions to对…做出贡献．【点评】对于汉译英，解题前应快速浏览句子掌握大意，在读懂句子的基础上，结合提供的特定的语言环境去分析．要解决好该题型，离不开坚实的语法知识，有了坚实的语法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．23．（5分）越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．More and more people suffer from mental problems ，which results from the increasing pressure in life．【考点】Q2：汉译英．【分析】越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．【解答】答案：More and more people suffer from mental problems ，which results from the increasing pressure in life．根据句意和所给部分可知这里使用动词短语suffer from意为"遭受"，which引导非限制性定语从句，result from源自．法知识才能对语言进行正确的分析和判断，从而答对题目．VI. Guided Writing25．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际谈谈你的看法．【考点】R3：图画类．【分析】高分句型一：Some people think success is simple and direct，while in fact，theway to success is twist and it needs hard work．译文：有些人认为成功是简单而直接的，而事实上，成功的途径是曲折的，它需要努力工作．分析：这句话使用while连接并列句，表示对比关系．高分句型二：It is necessary for you to sum up your experience constantly and improve the efficiency of your work．译文：你必须不断总结经验，提高工作效率．中给出的要点比较具体，故需要准确表达．写作时注意准确运用时态，上下文意思连贯，符合逻辑关系，尽量使用自己熟悉的单词句式，同时也要注意使用高级词汇和高级句型使文章显得更有档次．特别注意在选择句式时要赋予变化．平时除了加强词汇积累，写作联系以外，还可以适当记忆一些类似的范文，这样在考试中可以起到事半功倍的效果．。
2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷I. Listening Comprehension1．（1.5分）A．Job applicants．B．University students．C．News reporters．D．Public speakers．2．（1.5分）A．﹩36．B．﹩60．C．﹩24．D．﹩303．（1.5分）A．Nervous．B．Excited．C．Surprised．D．Calm．4．（1.5分）A．They can hardly find time to do exercise．B．Both of them are fond of doing exercise．C．Doing exercise is the last thing they'd like to do．D．The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man．5．（1.5分）A．Student and teacher．B．Guest and receptionist．C．Customer and shop assistant．D．Daughter and father．6．（1.5分）A．The Student Union．B．The Tutoring Service Center．C．Her professor's office．D．Her tutor's home．7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．9．（1.5分）A．She is disappointed with his decision．B．She is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle．C．She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry．D．She suggests the man reconsider his plan．10．（1.5分）A．Because he favors goods in physical stores．B．Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience．C．Because he doesn't have much money．D．Because he doesn't like the shopping festival．11．（4.5分）（1）A．A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests．B．Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians．C．People may step onto a landmine（地雷）and get injured．D．Other roads have a litter problem，which spoils good mood．（2）A．It is a rare species of rat．B．It has a good sense of smell．C．It sacrifices its life to detect dangers．D．It is terrified of explosive device．（3）13minutesB．30minutesC．40minutesD．4days12．（4.5分）（1）A．It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food．B．Its residents lose altogether 100，000kg by 2020．C．Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public．D．Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone（2）A．Local people share healthy diet with each other．B．Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim．C．Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter．D．Government officials persevere in physical exercise．（3）A．Students are encouraged to walk or ride to schoolB．Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries．C．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games．13．（6分）（1）A．Neither of them can find a suitable game．B．They are both enthusiastic about games．C．Good games cost a large amount of money．D．They often go Dutch when buying gifts．（2）A．It includes fantasy role﹣playing．B．It doesn't have an actual ending．C．It is an expensive online game．D．It is something like a racing game．（3）A．Players have opportunities to make new friends．B．Players can have face﹣to﹣face communication．C．Players may be rewarded with delicious food．D．Players can start the game at any time they want．（4）A．Add variety to the recommended game．B．Look around to find a cheaper online game．C．Persuade the woman to change her mind．D．Try to find an extraordinary online game．II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank. 14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste and goodness but with little or （3）of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have discovered just such a plant （4）（grow）wild in a remote area in Fujian province，southern China．（5）they report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry，not only is the tea plant naturally caffeine﹣free but it also contains a number of unique medicinal compounds that，the locals believe，offer considerable health benefits．（6）（know）locally as Hongyacha，the newly discovered plant grows only between 700 and 1，000 metres （7）sea level around a handful of Chinese villages．Now the researchers （8）（explore）methods to protect Hongyacha in its natural habitat while further studies are carried out．It can take time ﹣and sometimes it does not work ﹣for new plant varieties （9）（breed）for commercial use．A pair of naturally caffeine﹣free coffee plants were discovered in 2003，but little progress （10）（report）Tea enthusiasts will be watching Hongyacha with interest．And others will wonder what else is out there．III. Reading ComprehensionSection ADirections：For each blank in the following passage there are four words or phrases marked A，B，C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.15．（15分）According to German novelist Heinrich Mann （1871﹣1950），a house without books is like a room without windows．Mann （1）pointed out the value of books，but some researchers have found evidence that people with books in their homes really do gain a window on the world．A new study in the journal Social Science Research，publishing in October，suggests that people whogrow up with more books are more likely to have educational （2），and to achieve more in life，than people who grow up without them．In the study，over 160，000 adults from 31 countries and regions were asked about the number of books there were in their homes when they were 16 years old．Then they were（3）in literacy，numeracy （计算能力）and information communication technology．The research shows that the number of books for each household （4）greatly from country to country．（5），the number of books is 27 in Turkey，143 in the UK and 218 in Estonia．But "the total （6）of home library size on literacy are large everywhere" ，according to researcher Joann Sikorn of Australian National University in a paper based on the study．The researcher found that people who had lower levels of secondary education but had a large number of books at home got a（n）（7）score as university graduates who grew up with only a few books．The Guardian newspaper commented that "bookish adolescence makes for a good deal of educational advantage．""Reading books in a young age can （8）shortcomings not only in adult literacy but also numeracy；its impacts are （9）to additional years of education．" Sikora told Science Alert．Apart from the educational benefits，growing up with more books also plays an important role in adult success．"Early （10）to books in the parental home matters because books are an essential part of routines and practices that（11）lifelong cognitive （认知的）abilities"，Sikora told Science Alert．These abilities are（12）to future development．Without doubt，the fact that we are moving toward a digital era could（13）the importance of printed books．For now，（14），"they still seem to（15）quite a large positive benefit，which shows no sign of decreasing"，researchers wrote in the paper．（1）A．simply B．definitely C．generally D．randomly（2）A．backgrounds B．advantages C．requirements D．development （3）A．estimated B．examined C．tested D．investigated（4）A．changes B．alters C．shifts D．varies（5）A．By comparison B．As a result C．For instance D．In total（6）A．effects B．expenses C．inputs D．contributions （7）A．higher B．lower C．average D．similar（8）A．make up for B break up with C．live up to D．catch up with （9）A．senior B．essential C．equal D．familiar（10）A．addition B．engagement C．devotion D．exposure（11）A．prove B．demonstrate C．enhance D．acquire（12）A．relevant B．crucial C．opposite D．compulsory （13）A．weaken B．highlight C．overestimate D．reflect（14）A．therefore B．however C otherwise D．likewise（15）A．enjoy B．obtain C．maintain D．reduceSection BDirections：Read the following three passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A，B，C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage you have just read.16．（8分）"Don't tell anyone"．We hear these words when someone tells a secret to us．But it can be hard to keep a secret．We're often tempted to "spill the beans "，even if we regret it later．According to Asim Shah，professor in the Menninger Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences at Baylor College of Medicine，US，keeping a secret may well "become a burden"．This is because people often have an "obsessive （无法摆脱的）and anxious urge to share it with someone"．An earlier study，led by Anita E．Kelly，a scientist at the University of Notre Dame，US，suggested that keeping a secret could cause stress．People entrusted with secrets can suffer from depression，anxiety，and body aches，reported the Daily Mail．But with secrets so often getting out，why do people share them at all Shah explained that people often feel that it will help them keep a person as a friend．Another reason people share secrets is guilt over keeping it from someone close to them．A sense of distrust can develop when people who are close do not share it with each other．"Keeping or sharing secrets often puts people in a position of either gaining or losing the trust of someone．" according to Shah．He added that talkative people could let secrets slip out．But this doesn't mean that it is a good idea only to share secrets with quiet people．A quiet person may be someone who keeps everything inside．To tell such a person a secret may cause them stress，and make them talk about the secret．Shah said that to judge whether to tell someone a secret，you'd better put yourself in their position．Think about how you would feel to be told that you mustn't give the information away．Shah also recommended that if you accidentally give up someone's secret you should come clean about it．Let the person know that their secret isn't so secret anymore．（1）The underlined phrase "spill the bean" is closest in meaning to．A．let out a secretB．tell the truthC．eat our wordsD．take gossip（2）A person who is entrusted with a secret．A．is oft often obsessed with a certain threatB．often would rather not have been told about itC．usually has a strong desire to keep it until deathD．may suffer from physical or psychological problems（3）What can we learn from the passageA．Quiet people are more likely to keep the secrets to themselves．B．Sharing secrets helps establish friendship or get over the sense of guilt．C．It's better to inform others of the chances of your leaking secrets beforehand．D．Putting yourself in others' shoes helps realize the difficulty of keeping secrets．（4）What's the best title for the passageA．Walls have ears．B．Still tongues make wise heads．C．A word spoken is past recalling．D．Every wall has a crack．17．（6分）Does the thought of cooking an entire Christmas dinner for friends and family make you shudder Our cookery writer Sophie Godwin has created the ultimate simplified menu for a stress﹣free day．With a range of time﹣saving techniques and showstopping flavour twists，this is the only festive menu you'll ever need．Embrace the art of the shortcut!Your timeplan to eat at 2 pmView and print our at﹣a﹣glance infographic time plan．? 11 am Take your turkey out of the fridge．? 11.30 am Heat the oven．Prepare the rosemary butter and rub underneath the turkey skin．? 12 pm Put the turkey in the oven to roast．? 12.15 pm Boil the potatoes and root vegetables．Make the harissa & orange marmalade glaze．Chop the ingredients for the stuffing sprouts．? 1 pm Baste the turkey，pour in the white wine and nestle cabbage wedges around the bird．Return to the oven．? 1.10 pm Prepare the separate ingredients for the mackerel starter．? 1.25 pm Smash the roasties and put them in the oven．? 1.30 pm Check the turkey﹣take out to rest if the internal temperature has reached 65C．Return the cabbage to the oven to finish cooking．? 1.35 pm Toss the roasted roots in the harissa glaze，then put in the oven．? 1.40 pm Make the gravy，cook the sprouts and keep warm．?2 pm Sit down to the starter，with everything for your lunch ready to go．?The dessert takes just 10 minutes to assemble ，so you can do it once you've enjoyed the main course．Buy your ingredientsWe've pre﹣loaded your shopping list so that you can quickly buy all your ingredients for this menu in one go．Just click below to be taken to your shopping list，where you can buy all your ingredients from your preferred supermarket，and remove any ingredients as needed，and even print the list，to use direct when shopping．（Serves 6）Add to shopping ListThe above shopping list is powered by Whisk．Please check your list thoroughly before purchasing．If the same items appear across different recipes they will not automatically combine in your list and you'll need to do this manually．Please also check the products that have been selected via the Whisk program，as you may prefer a different brand from that listed．（1）Which section CAN'T we find on the websiteA．Classic cocktailsB．Vegetarian ChristmasC．Roast calculatorD．Wealth management（2）How long does it take to toast the turkeyA．1 hourB．2 hoursC．1.5 hoursD．2.5 hours（3）Which of the following is TrueA．The entire Christmas dinner is composed of a roasted turkey and dessert．B．The automatically﹣generated shopping list is just for user's reference．C．Most of the ingredients on the shopping list come from the same brand．D．You can buy all your ingredients online through Whisky by one click．18．（8分）You're walking down a quiet street and suddenly you hear some footsteps．Undoubtedly ，it means that there's someone around．But have you ever wonder why it occurs to us that it's someone else'sfootsteps ，not oursAccording to a new study published in the journal Nature in September，this phenomenon arises from a function in our brain to ignore the noise we make ourselves．In order to explore how our brain does this，a group of scientists carried out an experiment with mice at Duke University．The research entered on an intuition（直觉）﹣﹣﹣that we are usually unaware of the sound of our own footsteps ﹣﹣﹣as a vehicle for understanding larger neural（神经系统的）phenomena；how this behavior reveals the ability to monitor，recognize，and remember the sound of one's own movements in relation to those of their larger environments．In the experiment，research controlled the sounds of a group of mice could hear，reported Science Daily．During the first several days，the mice would hear the same sound each time they took a step．This was just like "running on a tiny piano with each key playing exactly the same note"，senior study author Richard Mooney，a professor of neurobiology at Duke University，told Live Science．Scientists found that their auditory cortex （听觉皮层）﹣the area of the brain that processes sound ﹣became active at first but decreased its response to the sound after two or three minutes when the mice became familiar with it．" It's almost like they were wearing special headphones that could filter（过滤）out the sound of their own movements．" David Schneider，an assistant professor at the Center for Neutral Science at New York University，told HuffPost．But once the sound changed，their auditory cortex became active again．This suggests that the "sensory filter" in a mouse's brain could help it detect new sounds or abnormal noise in the environment easily after tuning out familiar sounds．"For mice，this is really important，" said Schneider．"They are prey animals，so they really need to be able to listen for a cat creeping up on them，even when they're walking and making noise．Being able to ignore the sounds of one's own movements is likely important for humans as well．But the ability to predict the sounds of our own actions is also important for more complex human behaviors such as speaking or playing an instrument．"When we learn to speak or to play music，we predict what sounds we are going to hear ﹣such as when we prepare to strike keys on a piano ﹣and we compare this to what we actually hear，"explains Schneider．"We use mismatches between expectation and experience to change how we play ﹣and we get better over time because our brain is trying to minimize these errors．"（1）What can be discovered about mice in the experimentA．Their brain responds inactively to the familiar soundsB．They are able to detect sounds other animals don't notice．C．They cannot identify different sounds except their own footsteps．D．Different areas of their brain are responsible for different sounds．（2）What's the function of the sensory filterA．Getting used to abnormal or unfamiliar sounds．B．Ignoring the sounds made by our companions．C．Identifying the sounds from a larger environmentD．Being sensitive to the sounds of our own movement．（3）Why can a good symphony conductor immediately recognize it when a wrong note is playedA．He has the ability to match the wrong note with the instrument player．B．He has an intuition that he should ignore the sound of his own movement．C．He has a low expectation and knows where players are likely to make errors．D．He has a good prediction of how each note should be played in the orchestra．（4）What can be inferred from the passageA．Noise﹣filtering ability ensures us a quiet and undisturbed environment．B．The ability to ignore familiar noises helps to detect potential dangers．C．The activeness of auditory cortex determines our activity performance．D．Sound﹣predicting ability seems not so important for humans as for animals．ection CDirections：Read the passage carefully. Fill in each blank with a proper sentence given in the box. Each sentence can be used only once. Note that there are two more sentences than you need.19．（8分）A．Pronouns offer an insight into whether people see themselves as individuals or as part of a whole．B．If you are speaking in a person context，you're speaking about something that's of relevance toyou．C．Their research also found that "we﹣talk" is helpful for resolving conflicts．D．Self﹣centered people are found to be indifferent to many things in society and other people because all their concentration is only on themselves and their needs．E．This analysis of "we﹣talk" suggested that the frequent use of "we" and "us" is linked to happier and healthier relationships．F．They found that too much "I﹣talk" was an accurate linguistic marker for the likelihood that someone is feeling stressed or experiencing negative emotions．Building a lasting social relationshipWe all know that friends are special people who we share our lives with，and who share their lives with us in return．But seeking friends and keeping the friendship going are never easy．According to research recently published in the Journal of Social and Personal Relationships，the key is to use "we﹣talk"．Led by University of California psychologist Megan Robins and her colleagues，the researchers reviewed and analyzed 30 different studies involving over 5，000 participants．（1）．The word "we" moves people from an individual position into a partnership，which makes us more interdependent．" （2）．Word use is a window into what people are thinking and feeling without asking them．" Robbins told Science Daily．（3）．The primary point is that interdependence may bring about supportive and relationship ﹣centered behaviors and positive perceptions of the partner﹣﹣especially important in times of stress and disagreement．Contrary to "we﹣talk"，there is "I﹣talk"，which refers to the frequent use of the first﹣person singular pronouns，such as "I"，"me" and "mine"，when writing or speaking．Earlier this year，researcher analyzed a set of data that came from 4，7000 people in Germany and the US．（4）．As you can see from the two studies，too much "I﹣talk" can make you feel depressed．But "we﹣talk" can encourage you to become more positive and create a chain effect of healthy interdependence with others．So next time you are talking to a friend，try using more "we﹣talk"．You may find yourself feeling more positive﹣﹣and the effect it will have on your friend will be positive as well．IV. Summary Writing20．（10分）Directions：Read the following passage．Summarize the main idea and the main point（s）of the passage in no more than 60 words．Use your own words as far as possible．When we wake up feeling sleepy and with dark circles under eyes，many of us often think：" I'm going to go to bed earlier tomorrow!" But however determined we are，chances are that we don't stick to our promise．This behavior is called "bedtime procrastination（拖延症）"．According to a study carried out by a group of health psychologists at Utrecht University in the Netherlands in 2014，bedtime procrastination is a common problem．In their study，53 percent of the 2，400 participants said they didn't follow their sleep schedule，delaying it at least twice a week．It's found that they delayed bedtime not because they liked to stay up late，but they couldn't stop doing other unimportant things，which were keeping them up in the first place．"People who generally have trouble resisting temptations and sticking to their intentions are more likely to delay going to bed．" Floor Kroese，a psychologist at Utrecht University，further explained to HuffPost．Yet，according to scientists，lack of self﹣control is not the only thing to blame．Our body clock also plays an important role when it comes to bed time．In order to check the influence of the body clock on sleep，psychologists at Ulm University in Germany studied the sleep patterns of 108 people in February．It was found that those who get up late are more likely to postpone their bedtime than those who wake early every morning．"The intention to go to bed earlier is not enough，" Jane Kuhnel，a psychologist at Ulm University，concluded in Popular Science．"Biological processes need to support this intention．"People always think that bedtime procrastination isn't a big problem，but as Kroese told Popular Science，"the choices we make that affect out sleep could turn out to be pretty important for our health．" V. TranslationDirections：Translate the following sentences into English，using the words given in the brackets.21．（5分）无论幸福的定义如何变化，人们永远不会放弃追求幸福的权利．（right）22．（5分）在团队精神的鼓舞下，研究小组的每个成员都为新项目做出了自己的贡献．（contribution）23．（5分）越来越多年轻人遭受着精神问题的困扰，这是由日益加增的生活压力造成的．24．（5分）在人类身上使用基因编辑技术是非常危险的．它不仅违背了医学伦理道德，并且可能产生无法预知的后果．（Not）VI. Guided Writing25．（20分）Directions：Write an English composition in 120﹣150 words according to the instructions given below in Chinese．请简要描述图片，并结合生活实际谈谈你的看法．2019年上海市杨浦区高考英语一模试卷参考答案与试题解析I. Listening Comprehension1．（1.5分）A．Job applicants．B．University students．C．News reporters．D．Public speakers．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略2．（1.5分）A．﹩36．B．﹩60．C．﹩24．D．﹩30【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略3．（1.5分）A．Nervous．B．Excited．C．Surprised．D．Calm．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略4．（1.5分）A．They can hardly find time to do exercise．B．Both of them are fond of doing exercise．C．Doing exercise is the last thing they'd like to do．D．The woman disagrees to do exercise with the man．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略5．（1.5分）A．Student and teacher．B．Guest and receptionist．C．Customer and shop assistant．D．Daughter and father．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略6．（1.5分）A．The Student Union．B．The Tutoring Service Center．C．Her professor's office．D．Her tutor's home．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略7．（1.5分）A．The coverage of newspapers．B．The nature of humans．C．The increase of crime rate．D．The impact of mass media．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略8．（1.5分）A．Doctor Green is very busy on Mondays．B．Doctor Green forgot to put the man on the schedule．C．An unexpected patient visited Doctor Green last Monday．D．Patients can usually see Doctor Green on schedule．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略9．（1.5分）A．She is disappointed with his decision．B．She is crazy about going camping in the tropical jungle．C．She tries to persuade the man not to go with Jerry．D．She suggests the man reconsider his plan．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略10．（1.5分）A．Because he favors goods in physical stores．B．Because he enjoys the offline shopping experience．C．Because he doesn't have much money．D．Because he doesn't like the shopping festival．【考点】15：短对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略11．（4.5分）（1）A．A number of giant rats are hidden in the fields or forests．B．Violent robbers may come out and hurt innocent civilians．C．People may step onto a landmine（地雷）and get injured．D．Other roads have a litter problem，which spoils good mood．（2）A．It is a rare species of rat．B．It has a good sense of smell．C．It sacrifices its life to detect dangers．D．It is terrified of explosive device．（3）13minutesB．30minutesC．40minutesD．4days【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略12．（4.5分）（1）A．It bans the sales of salty and unhealthy food．B．Its residents lose altogether 100，000kg by 2020．C．Everyone weighs himself on giant scales in public．D．Local doctors make personalized diets for everyone（2）A．Local people share healthy diet with each other．B．Thousands of residents kick football to keep slim．C．Local restaurants use olive oil to replace butter．D．Government officials persevere in physical exercise．（3）A．Students are encouraged to walk or ride to schoolB．Students are allowed to ride bicycles in school libraries．C．Parents are offered devices to monitor children's walking time．D．Fruits are provided for those who are addicted to online games．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略13．（6分）（1）A．Neither of them can find a suitable game．B．They are both enthusiastic about games．C．Good games cost a large amount of money．D．They often go Dutch when buying gifts．（2）A．It includes fantasy role﹣playing．B．It doesn't have an actual ending．C．It is an expensive online game．D．It is something like a racing game．（3）A．Players have opportunities to make new friends．B．Players can have face﹣to﹣face communication．C．Players may be rewarded with delicious food．D．Players can start the game at any time they want．（4）A．Add variety to the recommended game．B．Look around to find a cheaper online game．C．Persuade the woman to change her mind．D．Try to find an extraordinary online game．【考点】16：长对话理解．【分析】略【解答】略【点评】略II. Grammar and VocabularySection ADirections：After reading the passage below，fill in the blanks to make the passage coherent and grammatically correct. For the blanks with a given word，fill in each with the proper form of the given word；for the other blanks，use one word that best fits each blank. 14．（15分）A newly discovered tea plant is caffeine﹣freeThe world loves tea and some 3m tons of tea are consumed every year．Tea can be good for health，as it contains compounds that help to lower cholesterol（胆固醇）and reduce the risk of heart disease．But there is a downside．Tea contains caffeine which，（1）although it improves mental alertness，can also cause anxiety，insomnia and other problems．（2）What would be agreeable is that a tea plant that provides all the taste and goodness but with little or （3）none of the caffeine has been found．Liang Chen and Ji﹣Qiang Jin of the Tea Research Institute of the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences have discovered just such a plant （4）growing （grow）wild in a remote area in Fujian province，southern China．（5）As they report in the Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry，not only is the tea plant naturally caffeine﹣free but it also contains a number of unique medicinal compounds that，the locals believe，offer considerable health benefits．（6）Known（know）locally as Hongyacha，the newly discovered plant grows only between 700 and 1，000 metres （7）above sea level around a handful of Chinese villages．Now the researchers （8）are exploring（explore）methods to protect Hongyacha in its natural habitat while further studies are carried out．It can take time ﹣and sometimes it does not work ﹣for new plant varieties （9）to be bred（breed）for commercial use．A pair of naturally caffeine﹣free coffee plants were discovered in 2003，but little progress （10）has been reported（report）Tea enthusiasts will be watching Hongyacha with interest．And others will wonder what else is out there．【考点】N6：语法填空．【分析】文章讲述了一种不含咖啡因的新茶叶被发现．【解答】1．although．考查连词，although引导让步状语从句，虽然提高了精神警觉，故填although．2．What，考查连词，该句是what引导的主语从句，因为从句中缺少主语，故填what．3．none．考查代词，没有一种咖啡因被发现，表示没有任何一种，故填none．4．growing．考查非谓语，grow与plant之间是动宾关系，故填growing作后置定语，故填growing．。
2019-2020学年上海杨浦教师进修学院附属中学高三英语一模试题及答案解析第一部分阅读（共两节，满分40分）第一节（共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项AI started working with my hands at a young age. The youngest of five brothers, I took on the role as a “maintenance (维修) man” at an early age for our family’s small grocery store. Often my dad wouldn’t give me a clear idea of how something shouldbe done, so I just had to figure it out by researching or through trial and error.Fast forward to 2016 and those problem-solving skills would become the focus of Tippecanoe High School’s Homebuilding class. I knew I wanted to teach the students skills that went beyond just being able to hammer nails or cut pieces of two-by-fours. The problem was that we didn’t have the resources at the time to do much else. The idea of attracting some type of funding seemed very important. Designing, building and selling a tiny house on wheels seemed like the perfect project to accomplishthe task. I reached out to a number of local businesses and most of them responded with the greatest support for what x k w we were doing.This year we added a new element to the program. Through one of our partners, we were able to connect with the nonprofit Veteran’s Ananda Incorporated. Students in the Homebuilding class are leading the design and production of micro houses to be donated to this organization. The new partnership gives the students another focus to consider when designing and building the houses.There has been no shortage of students since our first year. Three years ago we had 41 students, the next 191, and this year it was limited to just over 160 students so we could have a safe and manageable classroom environment. The number of girls taking the class has risen steadily over the last few years as well. This class offers something for everyone and the skills are universal.1. How can we describe the young author?A. He opened a small grocery store.B. He did a lot of research in the lab.C. He enjoyed doing hands-on activities.D. He learnt about maintenance from his father.2. What do the underlined words “the task” in paragraph 2 refer to?A. Getting some financial support.B. Selling a tiny house on wheels.C. Reaching out to many local businesses.D. Offering the students some problem-solving skills.3. What can be inferred about the Homebuilding class from the last paragraph?A. Its size needs increasing.B. Itis popular with the students.C. It has caused some safety concerns.D. Its classroom environment is hard to manage.BSummer is quickly passing by—but not without the ultimate meteor（流星）shower event!The2021 Perseids Meteor Shower, which is considered to be the best meteor shower of the year, is expected to start lighting up skies on this Wednesday, according to NASA. Known for fireballs, the Perseids typically light up skies on warm summer nights, leaving “long wake（尾迹）of light and color1 behind them.”Under ideal conditions, sky watchers may see approximately 50-100 meteors per hour with each meteor traveling at 37 miles per second. .Because the meteors appear in all parts of the sky, it will be pretty easy to witness the celestial（天上的）event from anywhere in the world. To get the best show, it is advised to view the Perseids from the Northern Hemisphere（半球）during the pre- dawn hours, ideally between 2 a.m. and dawn. In some cases, sky gazers may be able to seemeteors during this shower as early as 9 or 10 p. m.“If it's not cloudy, pick an observing spot away from bright lights, lie on your back, and look up! You don't need any special equipment to view the Perseids—just your eyes,” NASA wrote on their site, adding that telescopes or binoculars are not recommended due to their small fields of view.Remember to let your eyes become adjusted to the dark. Try to stay off of your phone too, as looking at devices with bright screens will negatively affect your night vision and thus reduce the number of meteors you see!For those who may be unable to view the Perseids in person, a live broadcast will be streaming from NASA's Marshall Space Flight Center, starting around 8 p. m. on Aug. 11 and continuing through sunrise on Aug. 12.4. What can we learn about the Perseids Meteor Shower?A. It will be the best meteor shower in history.B. The ultimate shower only happens on this Wednesday.C. We can observe 50- 100 meteors per hour in any place.D. The Meteors usually have long and bright trails behind them.5. Which of the following may be the best time to view the shower?A. At 4 a. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.B. At 2 p. m. on the Northern Hemisphere.C. At sunrise on the Southern Hemisphere.D. At dawn on the Southern Hemisphere.6. What can be inferred about the observation of Meteors?A. If you use a telescope, you will see more meteors.B. You can use smartphones to record the grand scene.C. The brighter the moon is, the more meteors you can see. .D. Bright lights will reduce the visibility of meteors.7. If you are not available to watch the Perseids personally, you can ________.A. browse the unofficial website of NASAB. watch a video recorded by a flight centerC. stream a live show on Aug. 11 nightD. use special devices to connect with the showerCThere are similarities and differences between high school life and college life.For one thing, there are several similarities between high school life and collegelife. First, the most important task in high school and college is both studying. Studying is the most important as a student. Second, we need a goal to fight for in both high school life and college life. To lead a meaningful life, we have to set up a goal to achieve.For another, there are also some differences between high school life and college life. First, our studying is also the biggest difference. In high school, we are required to follow our teachers' steps and finish theirassignmentsevery day. While in college, there are no teachers giving such detailed requirements to us and we can choose study or not according to our own willing. What and how to study totally depends on us. Therefore, the ability of self-control is very important in college life. Second, the flexibility (灵活性) of time is another difference. In high school, we have no much leisure except for our time of study. However, in college, we have much controlled by ourselves except the time of classes. And we have more time to do what we like. Finally,college lifeis much more various and richer. Besides study, we can attend many other activities, which make our college life more wonderful.In brief, there are both similarities and differences between high school life and college life. However, no matter we are in which period, we need to make full use of every day so that we will never feel regretful.8. Why do students need a goal to fight in high school and college?A. To enter a good college.B. To avoid living a meaningless life.C. To develop the ability of control.D. To meet their parents’ satisfaction.9. What does the underlined word “assignments” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Projects.B. Tasks.C. Goals.D. Dreams.10. Which is the correct structure of the passage?A. ①-②③-④B. ①②-③-④C. ①-②③④D.①②-③④11. Which of the following can be the best title for the text?A. College LifeB. High School LifeC. High School and CollegeD. High School Life and College LifeDA student had to get his long hair cut off in a middle school in GuangDong Province. It was talked a lot among teachers and students.In fact, all schools have their own rules. In most schools, boy students are not allowed to have long hair while girls are not allowed to dye their hair. And most school rules say that students should wear their school uniforms at school. And students must obey these rules so that they can get healthy development at school.But some students have disagreements. They think that boy students having long hair doesn't mean that they are not good students. They want to show their own personality. They think that they would look cool too if they had long hair and the hairstyles like their favorite stars.A girl student thought that she would look much more beautiful if she had brown hair. So she had her dark hair dyed brown one day. When she went back to school the next day, the teacher was very angry with her. She said that she worked hard at her lessons and did well in every subject. She just didn't know why the teacher didn't allow her to dye her hair while women teachers can.It is not wrong for teenagers to love stars' hairstyles or wear their favorite clothes. However, a school has its own rules for all the students to obey so that the school can be in good order. Students should not break the rules at school.12. What aren't boy students allowed to do in most middle schools according to this passage?A. To have long hair.B. To wear uniforms.C. To like famous stars.D. To show their own personalities.13. Why did the girl make her hair brown?A. Because she wanted to be cool.B. Because she thought that she would look much more beautiful.C. Because she wanted to make her teacher angry.D Because women teachers dyed their hair.14. What does the writer think of these school rules?A. The students should be against them.B. They are bad for students.C. They can make schools in good order.D. They can't make students grow healthily.15. What is the passage mainly about?A. Hair styles and clothes.B. Schoolboys and schoolgirls.C. Students and famous stars.D. School rules.第二节（共5小题；每小题2分，满分10分）阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。
