2003年河南省专升本管理学B卷参考答案

河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试管理学试卷题号一二三四五六总分核分人分数2分，共40分）得分评卷人在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其代码写在题干后面的括号内。

不选、错选或多选者，该题无分。

１．管理人员一般需要具备多种技能、关于高层管理人员的技能，按其重要性程度从低到高排序，正确的是【】Ａ．人际技能、概念技能、技术技能Ｂ．技术技能、人际技能、概念技能Ｃ．概念技能、人际技能，技术技能Ｄ．概念技能、技术技能、人际技能２．保证在组织中“事事有人做”属于管理的【】Ａ．计划职能Ｂ．组织职能Ｃ．领导职能Ｄ．控制职能３．1990年，彼得·圣吉教授出版了一本享誉世界之作，这就是【】Ａ．《企业再造工程》Ｂ．《管理的革命》Ｃ．《第五项修炼》Ｄ．《管理的实践》４．梅奥在西方电气公司进行的霍桑试验，在哪个阶段试验得出了企业中存在非正式组织的结论【】Ａ．工场照明试验Ｂ．继电器装配室试验Ｃ．大规模访谈Ｄ．接线板接线工作室试验５．激励理论中的双因素理论，关于保健因素说法正确的是【】Ａ．保健因素能预防和减少员工的不满，但不能使其对工作非常满意Ｂ．保健因素最大的作用是确保员工的生理与心理健康Ｃ．保健因素的满足，能使员工对工作非常满意Ｄ．保健因素的满足，有助于员工潜力的发挥６．“士为知己者死”这一古训反映了有效的领导始于【】Ａ．上下级之间的友情Ｂ．为下属设定崇高的目标Ｃ．为了下属的利益不惜牺牲自己Ｄ．了解下属的欲望和需要７．某企业生产某种产品，固定成本为16万元，单位变动成本为1万元，每台售价12000元，该产品的盈亏平衡点是【】Ａ．60台Ｂ．70台Ｃ．80台Ｄ．90台８．根据领导生命周期理论，推销型领导方式适用于【】Ａ．高任务、高关系Ｂ．高任务、低关系Ｃ．低任务、高关系Ｄ．低任务、低关系９．美国管理学家孔茨认为，管理的职能包括【】Ａ．计划、组织、指挥、协调、控制Ｂ．计划、决策、组织、领导、控制Ｃ．计划、组织、人员配备、指导、控制Ｄ．计划、组织、人事、指挥、协调１０．为了提高劳动生产率，必须为工作挑选第一流的工人，依据的是泰罗科学管理的什么原理 &nbs, , p; 【】Ａ．差别计件工资制Ｂ．标准化Ｃ．能力与工作相适应 &nb, , sp; Ｄ．工作定额１１．企业获得分销商或零售商的所有权或加强对他们的控制，这种战略类型属于【】Ａ．前向一体化Ｂ．后向一体化Ｃ．混合一体化Ｄ．横向一体化１２．管理学中有一原则叫“跳起来，摘桃子”，这一原则可用来描述目标的【】Ａ．可接受性Ｂ．挑战性Ｃ．可实现性Ｄ．可考核性１３．市场占有率低、业务增长率高的经营单位是【】Ａ．金牛Ｂ．瘦狗Ｃ．明星Ｄ．幼童１４．下列哪种正强化方式更有利于组织目标的实现【】Ａ．连续的、固定的正强化Ｂ．连续的、不固定的正强化Ｃ．间断的、不固定的正强化Ｄ．间断的、固定的正强化１５．某企业到了2月底，发现甲产品一季度计划才完成50％，便采取日夜轮班生产来平衡实际与计划之间的偏差；发现乙新产品供大于求，价格下降，这时决定立即减少或停止这种新产品的生产，这些措施【】Ａ．均属于前馈控制Ｂ．均属于反馈控制Ｃ．前者属前馈控制，后者属反馈控制Ｄ．前者属反馈控制，后者属前馈控制16．美国心理学家马斯洛认为人类的需要可分为五个层次，其由低到高的顺序为【】Ａ．生理需要、安全需要、社交需要、尊重需要、自我实现需要Ｂ．安全需要、生理需要、社交需要、尊重需要、自我实现需要Ｃ．尊重需要、生理需要、安全需要、社交需要、自我实现需要Ｄ．生理需要、安全需要、尊重需要、社交需要、自我实现需要１７．从期望理论中，我们得到的最重要的启示是【】Ａ．效价高低是激励是否有效的关键Ｂ．期望值高低是激励是否有效的关键Ｃ．由于存在着负效价，应引起领导者注意Ｄ．应把效价和期望值进行优化组合１８．组织成员士气高昂，具有比较一致的满意度，沟通渠道不多。

2005年河南省专升本管理学B卷参考答案特别注意：以下参考答案是根据今年参加专升本考生对试题的整理，由相关高校管理学教师共同给出相应答案，答案仅供考生参考估分，权威答案及评分标准要以政府改卷为准。

四、简答题，46. 答案要点：（1）整体性原理（2）动态性原理（3）开放性原理（4）环境适应性原理（5）综合性原理。

它包括系统目标的多样性与综合性和系统实施方案选择的多样性与综合性。

47.答案要点：影响决策的因素有：（1）环境因素：包括环境的稳定性、市场结构、买卖双方在市场的地位（2）组织自身的因素：包括组织文化、组织的信息化程度、组织对环境的应变模式；（3）决策问题的性质：包括问题的紧迫性、问题的重要性（4）决策主体的因素：包括个人对待风险的态度、个人能力、个人的价值观、决策群体的关系融洽程度。

48.计划就是制定目标并确定为达成这些目标所必须的行动。

战术性计划是指规定总体目标如何实现的细节的计划，其需要解决的是组织的具体部门或职能在未来各个较短时期内的行动方案。

战略性计划是指应用于整体组织的，为组织未来较长时期（通常为5年以上）设立总体目标和寻求组织在环境中的地位的计划。

49.所谓领导就是指指挥、带领、引导和鼓励部下为实现目标而努力的过程。

这个定义包括下列三要素。

⑴领导者必须有部下或追随者。

没有部下的领导者谈不上领导。

⑵领导者拥有影响追随者的能力或力量。

这些能力或力量包括由组织赋予领导者的职位和权力，也包括领导者个人所具有的影响力。

⑶领导的目的是通过影响部下来达到企业的目标。

50.控制有以下几个方面的作用：（1）利于保证计划目标的实现。

（2）提高组织工作成果的质量；（3）正视组织环境因素的变化；（4）减少管理失误造成的损失。

（5）加快组织产品服务的更新；（6）提升产品及其服务的价值；（7）推动组织授权和团队工作。

五、论述题51．答案要点：（1）企业可供选择的基本战略也就是迈克尔·波特行业分析模型中的三种竞争战略：①成本领先战略，也叫低成本技术竞争战略。

管理学(专升本)阶段性作业1一、单选题1. 认为没有一成不变的、普遍使用的“最好的”管理理论学派的是_______。

(6分)(A) 管理过程学派(B) 权变理论学派(C) 社会合作学派(D) 数学(管理科学)学派参考答案：B2. 最理想的控制标准是_______(6分)(A) 实物标准(B) 定性标准(C) 资金标准(D) 定量标准参考答案：D3. 我国习惯上称之为“专家预测法”的是_______(6分)(A) 因果法(B) 外推法(C) 德尔菲法(D) 头脑风暴法参考答案：C4. 在选拔主管人员时，重点应放在侯选人在实践中所表现出来的_______(6分)(A) 个人素质(B) 知识结构(C) 管理能力(D) 工作热情参考答案：C5. 使计划数字化的工作被称为_______(6分)(A) 规划(B) 决策(C) 预测(D) 预算参考答案：D6. 组织规模一定时，管理宽度和组织层次呈_______。

(6分)(A) 正比关系(B) 指数关系(C) 反比关系(D) 相关关系参考答案：C7. 在组织中，最有潜力、最为重要的资源是_______(6分)(A) 人力(B) 物力(C) 财力(D) 信息参考答案：A二、多选题1. 目标管理的优点有_______。

(6分)(A) 有利于提高管理水平(B) 有利于调动人的积极性、责任心(C) 灵活(D) 有利于长期目标的实现(E) 有利于暴露组织结构中的缺陷参考答案：B,C2. 影响组织集权与分权程度的因素有_______。

(6分)(A) 决策的代价(B) 决策的影响面(C) 管理哲学(D) 巳决策的数量(E) 组织的规模参考答案：A,B,D,E3. 美国心理学家麦克莱兰(D·C·Maclelland)提出的激励需求理论认为人的基本需要有_______。

(6分)(A) 权力的需要(B) 生理的需要(C) 对成就的需要(D) 安全的需要(E) 对社交的需要参考答案：A,C,E4. 管理活动中的“慢性问题”是指_______。

2003 年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试公共英语试卷Part I.Vocabulary and Structure(30 points)Directions:There are 30 incomplete sentences in this part. For each sentence there ate four choices markedA),B),C)and D).Choose the answer that best completes the sentence.1.______that the trade between the two countries reached its highest point.A)It was the 1990s C)It was in the 1990s B)That it was in the 1990s D)During the 1990s2.Mary said that Hemingway was her_______ writer and that she had read nearly all of his novels.A)famous C)common B)popular D)favorite3.She______English since she was a child.A)learningC)is learning4.Not until ten o'clockA)they realizedC)did they realizeB)had learnedD)has been learningit was too late to return.B)they did realizeD)realized they5.Once a decision is made, it must be firmlyA)carried on B)carried outC)carried away D)carried off.6. born in Chicago, the writer is the most famous for his stories about New York City.A)Although B)SinceC)When D)As7.The pen I am writing my letter with is different from______A)that one C)the one B)oneD)the ones8.Without his wise mother ,he ________such a successful scientist.A)would not become C)may not have become B)should not have become D)could not have become9._______,we shall go out for a picnic on Sunday.A)Weather permits B)Weather permittingC)With weather permits D)With weather permitting10.The color from yellow through green to black.A)ranges B)constitutes C)composes D)consists11.ExperimentsA)showthat accurate measurements be made.B)prove C)demand D)head12.I tried to catch the ball but it was my reach.A)beyondC)in addition toB)besides D)as well as13.Those scientists were conducting an experiment and expected a goodA)effect B)result C)consequence D)affect.14.Under heavy gunfire, those cameramen risked their lives to give ______ battlefield reports.A)word-for-word B)face-to-face C)down-to earth D)on-the-spot15.I appreciate _____to your birthday party.A)to be invited B)to have invited C)having invited D)being invited16.The rain was heavy and _____the house was damaged.A)consequently B)constantly C)consistently D)continuously17.When it _____ school work, the professor will treat his students qpually.A)comes to evaluate B)comes to evaluatingC)will come to evaluate D)will come to evaluating18._____you will never convince him.A)However long you argue B)However you argue longC)How you argue long D)How long you argue19._____new products have been successfully trial-produced.A)A great deal C)A plenty of B)A large amount of D)A large number of20.He has made a discovery,_____ of great importance to the progress of science and technology.A)I think which is B)which I think isC)that I think is D)of which I think it is21.Smoking is so harmful to personal health that it kills _____ people each year than auto-mobile accidents.A)six more times C)over six timesB)six times more D)six times22.What they have done for us can't be measured in _____ of money.A)way B)means C)terms D)place23.Go and get some water,_____?A)don't you B)shall you C)can't you D)won't you24.You must pack plenty of food for the journey, _____,you'll need warm clothes, so pack them too.A)on the whole B)otherwise C)however25.Meat easily _____ in hot weather.D)likewiseA)turns badly B)becomes badly C)goes bad D)changes worse26.I couldn't find _____ ,and so I took this one.A)a large coat enough B)a large enough coatC)an enough large coat D)a coat enough large27.What _____ word happen if he knew you felt that way?A)will you think B)do you think C)you think D)you would think28.It is _____ impossible to find a good educational computer program in this city.A)barely B)merely C)hardly D)nearly29._____him go this job by himself?A)Why not let B)Why not to let C)Why don't let D)Why you not to let30.Almost _____of the population of this country is literate.A)ninth-tenths B)nine-tenth C)nine-tenths D)ninth-tenPart II.Cloze(20%points)Directions:In this section, there are 20 blanks in the following. For each blank there are four choices marked A),B),C),and D).You should choose the right answer that best fits into the passage.Scientists used to explore 31 the surface of the ocean. Now they 32 below the surface, too. They want to know about the ocean water and the 33 and animal life 34 in the ocean.In 1934 the scientist Willian Beebe dived 3,000 feet below the surface in a hollow steel ball. In 1935 Auguste Piccard dived 10,330 feet. In 1960 his son Jean dived to a 35 of 35,800 feet.All these early dives were deep. But the divers could not stay down for very long. They had to 36 the surface after a few seconds. Scientists needed to stay down longer to study life below the surface.37,they succeeded. Cousteau, a Frenchman, was able to 38 men down to a depth of 36 feet for one month and to a depth of 90 feet for a week.Now scientists are developing even 39 equipment. With this new equipment, men can stay 40 the surface for days or 41 weeks. In 1962 Cousteau 42 a research station 35 feet flow the surface. Then in 1964 he set up another station on the ocean floor of the Red Sea. This was the first undersea station to operate 43 help from the surface.Many countries are now studying undersea 44 .The Soviet Union has an undersea laboratory in the Crimean Sea. The United States has a laboratory 50 feet 45 on the ocean floor 46 the Virgin Islands. In 1970 five men lived there for two weeks. Then a 47 of five women scientists stayed in the laboratory.48 came other teams of men. All were there to explore the ocean depths and 49 plans of the use of its resources. Scientists hope to find enough 50, vegetable, and animal wealth there to provide food for the whole world.31.A)in B)to C)on D)under32.A)explore B)are exploring C)explored D)will explore33.A)plant34.A)deeply B)situationB)normallyC)surroundings D)circumstanceC)commonly D)deep35.A)depth B)range C)length D)rate36.A)come to B)come over C)come across D)come back up to37.A)However B)Gradually C)Moreover D)Though38.A)stay39.A)good40.A)below41.A)even42.A)put up B)remainB)wellB)onB)moreB)came upC)keepC)betterC)inC)severalC)made upD)takeD)moreD)toD)someD)set up43.A)with44.A)living45.A)below46.A)away47.A)group48.A)After49.A)make B)underB)situationB)downB)onB)gangB)NextB)to makeC)forC)structureC)underC)offC)crowdC)LatterC)makingD)withoutD)environmentD)deepD)toD)teamD)ThenD)made50.A)mineral B)mine C)minefield D)minelayerPart III.Reading Comprehension (60 points)Directions:In this section, there are 4 passages followed by five questiones, each with four suggested answers marked A,B,C,and D.You should choose the most appropriate answer.Passage 1With a tremendous roar from its rocket engine, the satellite is sent up into the sky. Minutes later, at an altitude of 300 miles, this they tiny electronic moon begins to orbit about the earth. Its radio begins to transmit a staggering amount of information about the satellite's orbital path, the amount of radiation it detects, and the presence of meteorites. Information of all kinds races back to the earth. No human being could possibly copy down all these faces, much less remember and organize them .but an electronic computer can.The marvel of the machine age, the electronic computer has been in use only since 1946.It can do simple computations-add ,subtract, multiply, and divide-with lightning speed and perfect accuracy .It can multiply two 10 digit number in 1/1000 second ,a problem that would take an average person five minutes to do with pencil and paper. Some computers can work 5000 times faster than any person can.Once it is given a program, that is a carefully worked out set of instructions devised by a technician trained in computer language, a computer can gather a wide range of information for many purposes. For the scientist it can get information from outer space or from the depths of the ocean. In business and industry the computer prepares factory inventories, keeps track of sales trends and production needs, mails dividend checks, and makes out company payrolls. It can keep bank accounts up to date and make out electric bills. If you are planning a trip by plane ,the computer will find out what route to take and what space is available.51.Why does the author regard the electronic computer as the marvel of the machine age?A)Because electronic computers are rare.B)Because people know little about electronic computers.C)Because electronic computers can do much more kinds of work that human beings can't.D)Because electronic computers have been widely suspected.52.Electronic computers were giver the name in the beginning just for the simple reason that _____A)they could go computationsB)they could work much faster than human beingsC)they talked like an abacusD)they could remember data quickly53.According to the passage, which of the following is NOT true?A)Computers began to be used in 1946.B)computers can add, subtract, multiply and divide.C)computers were widely used during World War II.D)No human being can work as fast as a computer.54.A computer can calculate _______.A)with lightning speedB)accuratelyC)with a speed 500,000 times faster than a personD)all above55.In the first sentence of last paragraph, “program” would probably mean _____.A)a performance B)a showC)a worked-out set of instructionsD)a TV playPassage 2On the old-time farm in America there were chickens and turkeys. There were also cows, pigs, and other livestock. But there very few machines. Most of the work was done by the entire farm family with the help of a “hired” man. Sometimes extra laborers were needed in busy seasons. Horses provided 79 percent of the power used, human labor 15 percent, and machines only 6 percent.Today all that has changed. On many modern farms machines now supply 96 percent of the power, human labor 3 percent, and horses 1percent.Modern farms are enterprising businesses which keep only the livestock that can pay its way. The children go to school by bus every morning, the parents work on the farm or in the house, and hired help is seldom needed. Their work has been replaced by a whole army of farm machines.Farmers in the machine age also use the new fertilizers, new sprays, new feeds, new hybrid seeds, and other helps developed by farm sciences. As a result the farmers are able to produce more food with less labor. This means fewer but larger farms and fewer but more prosperous farmers.56.In olds, most of the work on a farm was done by______.A)all the farm family B)livestockC)farm machines D)both A and B57.From the first paragraph, we learn that in old days the most important farming power was_______.A）li vestock B)farmers C)machines D)extra laborers58.On today's farms, the chief reason why livestock is still raised would probably be________.A)that farmers' conventions are difficult to be given upB)that farmers want to gain more profitD)that farmers' work has been replaced by machines59.On modern farms, farmers need mostly all the followings EXCEPT _______.A)farm science B)seeds C)fertilizers D)hard work60.In the last sentence of paragraph 3,"fewer but larger farms and fewer but more prosperous farmers"means ________.A)hired help is seldom neededB)productivity on the farms has been raised greatlyC)productivity on the farms has fallen sharplyD)more food is never neededPassage 3City traffic jam---one of the least wanted effects ofthe motor vehicle---is something with which we're all familiar and for which most of us have an answer. But which solution is best?Some people suggest for better roads, others for cars to be banned(禁止）from city centers and yet others say better public transport would attract drivers from their lonely and boring journeys.But the important question is what natural power creates a big city center. We are, after all, in an age of electronic communication；o ur nig shopping areas have moved out of city centers, and our living areas moved out of them long ago.Yet some force causes offices and service industries related to them to gather in London of New York or Tokyo. This suggests that far from the problems of a crowded environment forcing companies and people to move out, there is a critical(重大的）siz e beyond which more companies are attracted to move in. Nobody seems to know why, yet the answer is important to the way traffic jam is dealt with.61.Which of the following is NOT mentioned in the passage as the cause of the traffic problem?A)The poor public transport.B)The over-concentration of shopping centers.C)The great number of cars in the city centers.D)The bad road conditions.62.Acording to the passage, offices and their associated service industries move to big cities because of _____.A)the convenience of communicationB)the gathering of companiesC)some unknown forceD)the convenience of shopping63.The word “This”(Line2,Para,4)refers to____A)some forceC)the force that causes offices to move in or outD)the fact that companies gather in big cities64.This passage is most likely taken form____A)a novelB)a TV playC)an instructionD)a news report65.The topic of this passage would probably be____A)Best Answer to Traffic ProblemB)The Banning of Cars in the City CenterC)The Formation of City CenterD)Searching for Ways to Solve Traffic ProblemPassage 4Mrs.Cox teaches English in a large high school located in the inner area of a big city on the West Coast. Ever since she was a young girl, Mrs.Cox had wanted to become a teacher .She has tough eight years now and hasn't changed her mind.After she graduated from high school ,Mrs.Cox went on to college. Four years later, she received her bachelor's degree(B.A.)in English and her teaching certificate. Then she was qualified to teach in the secondary schools of her state. In the summers Mrs.Cox takes more classes. Someday she hopes to get a master's degree(M.A.).With an M.A., she will receive a higher salary.The school day at Mrs.Cox's high school ,like that in many high schools in the United Stages, is divided into six periods of one hour each. Mrs.Cox must teach five of these six periods. During her free period, which for her is from 2 to 3 p.m., Mrs.Cox must meet with parents, order supplies, make out examinations, check assignments, and take care of many other things. In short, her free periodisn't really free at all. Mrs.Cox works steadily from the time she arrives at school in the morning until the time she leaves for home late in the afternoon.66.Mrs.Cox wants to be a teacher because______.A)she likes teachingB)she is a young girlC)she has many problems to deal withD)she doesn't mind what she is doing67.From paragraph two, we can infer_____.A)Mrs.cox has received a teaching certificateB)Mrs.cox likes teaching very muchC)Mrs.cox takes more classesD)Mrs.cox is a qualified teacher68.She will receive a higher salary if _____.A)she gets a master's degreeB)she takes more classesC)she has studies normal teachingD)she gets a bachelor's degree69.According to the passage all the followings are true EXCEPT ______.A)she graduated from high schoolB)she graduated from collegeC)she has got her bachelor's degreeD)she teaches five periods for a school day70.The best title for the passage would probably be ______.A)A Typical School DayB)Teacher Mrs.coxC)Mrs.cox Likes TeachingD)Mrs.cox Has Got Her Teaching CertificatePartIV.Translation(20 points)A:From Chinese to English.71.这口钟大约有三个人那么高。

2003年河南省普通高等学校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试管理学试卷一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共40分，在每小题的备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其代码写在题干后面的括号内。

不选、错选或多选者，该题无分）1.决策理论学派的代表人物是（）A.法约尔B.巴纳德C.西蒙D.卡斯特2.管理是一门艺术，这是强调管理的（）A.有效性B.精确性C.复杂性D.实践性3.定期修订未来计划的方法是（）A.指导计划法B.滚动计划法C.作业计划法D.战略计划法4.一个组织的（）可以看做是它最基本的目标，也是一个组织存在的基本理由。

A.使命B.战略C.宗旨D.政策5.受决策者个性影响最大的决策类型是（）A.不确定型决策B.确定型决策C.多目标决策D.程序化决策6.利用有关数学工具，为企业寻得一个有效数量解，着重于定量研究的学派是（）A.科学管理学派B.管理科学学派C.社会技术系统学派 D.权变理论学派7.（）学派认为没有一成不变，普遍适用的管理理论和方法。

A.管理过程学派B.权变理论学派C.社会合作系统学派 D.行为管理学派8.管理中出现冲突大多是由于（）A.权力过于集中B.沟通不足C.权责明确D.职能过细9.上层人员着重培养（）能力，下层人员着重培养（）能力。

A.管理、管理B.管理、职业C.职业、职业D.职业、管理10.集权会引起（）A.交易成本降低B.交易成本增加C. 管理层次增加D.管理层次减少11.人力资源管理中职业生涯设计体现了（）A.终身教育理念B.以人为本的理念C.细致、严格管理理念D.文化价值理念12.旨在提高受训人员全面了解组织中的工作，提高协调能力的培训是（）A.专业知识培训B.专业技能培训C.职务轮换培训D.提升培训13.职能职权通常较多地是由（）A.高层人员行使B.低层人员行使C.专业人员行使D.直线人员行使14.某公司有员工81人，假设管理幅度为9人，该公司管理人员的人数应为（）A.10B.7C.9D.815.组织中的最高决策权交给两位以上的主管人员，也就是把权力分散到一个集体中去，即为（）A.个人负责制B.委员会制C.集权制D.专制16.单线型组织结构是指（）A.职能制B.事业部制C.矩阵制D.直线制17.一般来说，主管人员面对的问题越复杂，其直接管辖的人数（）A.不宜过多B.不宜过少C.多少都无影响D.以上均不对18.在下列哪种假设下管理者宜采用“胡萝卜加大棒”的政策（）A.社会人假设B.复杂人假设C.经济人假设D.自我实现人假设19.下列属于保健因素的是（）A.成长的可能性B.责任C.成就D.薪金制度20.下列不属于正强化手段的是（）A.提升B.表扬C.降级D.改善工作条件二、多项选择题（每小题3分，共30分。

河南专升本管理学060708年历年真题带答案选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试管理学试卷一、单项选择题（每小题2分，共40分）在每小题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，并将其代码写在题干后面的括号内。

不选、错选或多选者，该题无分。

1.在管理实践中，管理的四种职能一般是顺序履行的，即（）A.计划、控制、组织、领导B.计划、领导、组织、控制C.计划、组织、领导、控制D.组织、计划、领导、控制2.管理的本质是（）A.组织B.协调C.领导D.控制3.以下何种组织形式最直接体现了管理劳动专业化分工的思想（）A.直线制B.直线职能制C.事业部制D.矩阵制4.人际沟通中会受到各种“噪音干扰”的影响，这里所指的“噪音干扰”可能来自于（）A.沟通的全过程B.信息传递过程C.信息编码过程D.信息解码过程5.企业管理中，管理人员的管理幅度指的是（）A.直接管理的下属员工数量B.直接管理的下属部门数量C.所管辖的全部下属部门数量D.所管辖的全部员工数量6.管理系统中，最能动、最关键的要素是（）A.管理目标B.管理主体C.管理对象D.管理环境7.“一长制”领导原则最适宜在企业组织的哪一个系统中贯彻（）A.决策系统B.参谋系统C.指挥系统D.监督系统8.企业管理者可分为基层管理者、中层管理者和高层管理者，高层管理者主要负责制定（）A.短期操作性决策B.局部程序性决策C.日常程序性决策D.长远全局性决策9.古人云“运筹于帷幄之中，决胜于千里之外”。

这里的“运筹帷幄”反映了管理诸职能中的（）A.计划职能B.组织职能C.领导职能D.控制职能10.按照领导生命周期理论，对于已经比较成熟的中年骨干职工，最适宜的领导方式为（）A.命令型B.授权型C.说服型D.参与型11.在管理中，决策是（）A.高层管理人员所承担的任务B.高层和中层管理人员所承担的任务C.高层主管和参谋人员所承担的任务D.每一位管理人员都可能要从事的活动12.泰勒科学管理理论的人性假设是（）A.经济人B.社会人C.自我实现人D.复杂人13.工作丰富化的理论基础是（）A.需要层次理论B.双因素理论C.期望理论D.公平理论14.矩阵式组织结构违背了以下原则中的（）A.统一领导B.统一指挥C.责权一致D.分工原则15.经验学派的代表人物是（）A.西蒙B.巴纳德C.德鲁克D.马斯洛16.“亡羊补牢”这句成语贴切地描述了下列控制方式中的（）A.预先控制B.实时控制C.反馈控制D.前馈控制17.某企业是我国一家著名的白酒制造企业，该企业长期致力于高档白酒的生产经营。

专升本《管理学》试题及答案《管理学基础》试题⼀、单项选择题(每⼩题1分,共20分)1.由于管理得⼴泛性与复杂性及研究得侧重点不同,对管理所下定义也各异。

法约尔认为,( )。

A.管理就就是要确切地知道要别⼈⼲什么,并注意她们⽤最好最经济得⽅法去⼲B.管理就就是实⾏计划、组织、指挥、协调与控制C.管理就就是决策2.梅奥等⼈通过霍桑试验得出结论:⼈们得⽣产效率不仅受到物理得、⽣理得因素得影响,⽽且还受到社会环境、社会⼼理因素得影响。

由此创⽴了( )。

A.⾏为科学学说B.⼈⽂关系学说C.⼈际关系学说3、环境研究对组织决策有着⾮常重要得影响,具体表现在可以提⾼组织决策得( )A、有效性、及时性、稳定性B、前瞻性、有效性、稳定性C、正确性、及时性、稳定性4.系统管理学派认为,组织就是由⼀个相互联系得若⼲要素组成、为环境所影响得并反过来影响环境得开放得( )。

A.社会技术系统B.社会经济组织C.社会经济系统5.法约尔得⼀般管理理论对西⽅管理理论得发展有重⼤影响,成为后来管理过程学派得理论基础,她得代表作就是( )。

A.《社会组织与经济组织理论》B.《⼯业管理与⼀般管理》C.《科学管理理论》6.企业在长期得⽣产经营与管理活动中创造得具有本企业特⾊得精神⽂化与物质⽂化就就是( )。

A.企业精神B.企业价值观C.企业⽂化7. 1990年,美国⿇省理⼯学院斯隆管理学院得彼得·圣吉教授出版了⼀本享誉世界之作,引起世界管理界得轰动,这就就是( )。

A.《企业再造⼯程》B.《管理得⾰命》C.《第五项修炼－－学习型组织得艺术与实务》8、中层管理者⽐低层管理者更多地依靠( )A、正式权⼒与沟通技巧B、个****⼒与技术技能C、⼈际关系技能与技术技能9、组织就是管理得基本职能之⼀,从其定义中可以瞧出,它由 ( )三个基本要素构成。

A、⽬标、原则与结构B、⽬标、部门与效率C、⽬标、部门与关系10、经济活动中,指明组织活动得⽅向与范围,在决策与处理问题时指导及沟通思想活动得⽅针与⼀般规定,这就就是( )。

2023 年河南省一般专升本考试《治理学》真题一、选择题(每题 1 分，共 40 分。

在每题的四个备选答案中选出一个正确答案，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑)1.治理的核心是〔〕A.处理组织内部资源的稀缺问题B.处理与组织外部的关系C.处理组织内部与组织外部的全都性关系D.处理各种人际关系2.首先提出目标治理的是〔〕A.孔茨B.巴纳德C.德鲁克D.西蒙3.治理者必需因地制宜地将治理学问与具体治理活动相结合，这里强调的是〔〕A.治理的科学性B.治理的艺术性C.治理学的历史性D.治理学的有用性4.治理层次产生的主要缘由是〔〕A.职能分工的要求B.部门划分的需要C.权责明确的需要D.治理宽度的限制5.有那样一些因素，假设得到满足则感到满足，得不到满足则没有满足感。

赫茨伯格将这类因素称为〔〕A.保健因素 B.精神因素 C.物质因素 D.鼓舞因素6.以下按创方式划分的领导类型是〔〕A.民主式领导B.魅力型领导C.战略型领导D.事务型领导7.质量治理之父是〔〕A.戴明和朱兰B.卢因C.马斯洛D.亚当斯8.治理人员选聘时不需要作为主要考虑标准是〔A.治理的欲望 B.冒险的精神〕C.强健的体魄D.沟通的技能9.最早提出组织生命周期理论的是〔〕A.葛瑞纳B.奎因C.卡梅隆D.佩罗10.内部聘请的最主要的缺点是〔〕A.学问水平可能不够高B.引起同事不满C.要花很长时间重了解企业状况D.有历史包袱，不能快速开放工作11.规章制度属于企业文化中的〔〕A.上层文化B.中层文化C.表层文化D.深层文化12.领导的核心是〔〕A.协调B.力气C.把握D.权力13.头脑风暴法的创始人是心理学家〔〕A.奥斯本B.西蒙C.纽曼D.卢桑斯14.科学治理理论是古典治理理论之一，科学治理的中心问题是〔〕A.提高工人的劳动乐观性B.提高劳动生产率C.制定科学的作业方法D.实行有差异的计件工资制15.在打算工作中，制定“弹性打算”是运用打算工作的〔〕A.转变航道原理B.许诺原理C.限定因素原理D.灵敏性原理16.以下和企业治理人员需要量无关的因素是〔〕A.人员的流淌率B.组织的规模C.企业的产品数量D.组织进展的需要17.我们通常所说的“小道消息”属于〔〕A.下行沟通B.双向沟通C.非正式沟通D.用含蓄形式进展沟通18.质量处李处长在生产现场中觉察一个工人没有依据作业标准操作，他马上上前去制止。

2008年河南省普通高校选拔优秀专科毕业生进入本科阶段学习考试管理学B参考答案一.单项选择题（每小题2分，共40分）1.D2.A3.D4.A5.D6.D7.A8.B9.B 10.D11.B 12.D 13.C 14.B 15.B 16.B 17.C 18.B 19.A 20.C二.多项项选择（每小题3分，共30分）21.BCD 22.ABCD 23.CDE 24.AC 25.ABCE26.ABCDE 27.ABE 28.ABCDE 29.BCE 30.ABCDE三.判断题（每小题2分，共20分）31.√ 32.× 33.× 34.√ 35.× 36.× 37.√ 38.× 39.× 40.√四.简答题（每小题6分，共30分）41.答：泰罗的科学管理理论的主要内容是：（1）科学管理的中心问题是提高劳动生产率。

（2）工时研究与工作定额（3）劳动方法的标准化（4）科学挑选与培训工人（5）实行差别计件工资制（6）实行职能工长制（7）管理职能与作业职能分离（8）实行“例外原则”（9）强调科学管理的核心是“一场彻底的心理革命”42.答：奥斯本头脑风暴法实施的原则是：①对别人的建议不作任何评价，将相互讨论限制在最低限度内；（1.5分）②建议越多越好，想到什么就说什么，不必考虑建议质量；（1.5分）③鼓励独立思考、奇思妙想；（1.5分）④可以补充完善已有的建议以使其更有说服力。

（1.5分）43.答：内部提升的优点：1）有利于鼓舞现有员工士气，提高工作热情，调动工作积极性；2）使外部人才看到进入本组织有较多提升机会，有利于吸引外部人才；3）有利于保证选聘工作的正确性； 4）相互了解，有利于被聘者迅速展开工作。

内部提升的弊端：1）引起同事的不满； 2）可能造成“近亲繁殖”的现象；3）当组织所需人才在组织内部找不到合适人选时，仍坚持内部提升和培养，则会影响组织绩效。

2007年河南省专升本管理学B卷参考答案特别注意：以下参考答案是根据今年参加专升本考生对试题的整理，由相关高校管理学教师共同给出相应答案，答案仅供考生参考估分，权威答案及评分标准要以政府改卷为准。

一、单项选择题二、多项选择题三、判断题四、简答题46．波特的竞争战略理论认为，企业的成功取决于选择正确的竞争战略，即所选择的战略类型应与组织和产业的形势相适应。

波特认为，在任何产业中都存在着五种竞争力量：⑴进入障碍；⑵替代威胁；⑶购买者的讨价还价能力；⑷供应商的讨价还价能力；⑸现有竞争者之间的竞争。

这五种竞争力量从整体上决定者一个产业的盈利性。

企业可以通过评估这五种力量，来评价某个产业的吸引力。

当然，环境是不断变化的，因此企业应定期地对其所处的产业状态进行重估。

波特认为没有一家企业可以通过为所有的人做所有的事来达到超过平均水平的绩效。

企业可以选择一种能给企业带来竞争优势的战略。

一般而言企业可以选择的三种基本竞争战略的是：（1）成本领先战略；也叫低成本技术竞争战略。

企业强调以低单位成本价格为用户提供标准化产品，其目标是要成为其产业中的低成本生产厂商。

（2）特色优势战略；也叫差异化战略，别具一格战略。

企业力求在顾客广泛重视的一些方面在产业内独树一帜。

（3）目标聚集战略；也叫集中化战略、专一化战略。

企业选择产业内一种或者一组细分市场并为它们服务。

当然，获得长期成功还需要能够保持竞争优势。

47．维持与创新都是管理的基本职能，维持与创新对系统的生存发展都是非常重要的，它们是相互联系、不可或缺的。

所谓维持，就是保证系统的活动顺利进行，使系统生命得以延续。

所谓创新，就是通过创造与改革达到更高目标的创造性活动。

创新是维持基础上的发展，维持是创新的逻辑延续；维持是为了实现创新的成果，创新则为更高层次上的维持提供了依托和框架。

任何管理任务，都应围绕着系统运转的维持和创新而展开。

只有创新没有维持，系统会呈现无时无刻无所不变的混乱状态，而只有维持没有创新，系统就会缺乏活力，犹如一潭死水，适应不了任何外界变化，最终被环境淘汰。