2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷.文)含答案

2023届普通高等学校招生全国统一考试风向卷（二）语文试题学校:___________姓名：___________班级：___________考号：___________一、论述类文本阅读阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

我国文人画的长处就在于不单纯追求表面的形似，而重于表现作者对自然的主观情感和印象，借以抒发作者的心灵和情趣。

苏轼更是明确地提出了“论画以形似，见与儿童邻”的艺术主张。

在强大的文化影响下，文人把绘画变成文化的载体，要见才情、见学问、见人格、见风度。

与此互为因果的便是越来越成熟地追求诗、书、画、印在画面上的有机构成。

几种艺术样式融为一体，互相辉映，不仅能增加画面形式的美感，而且能使画面的内涵容量无限增加，具有补充和阐发画面内容的作用。

这种美的法则是中国文化的独特产物，是随着中国画发展到一定历史时期，知识分子走上画坛并且逐渐替代职业画家居主流地位而产生的。

苏东坡评王维：“味摩诘之诗，诗中有画；观摩诘之画，画中有诗。

”这句话奠定了文人画的理论基础。

诗与画结合有两层意思，即画上无题诗、书款，而有诗意，可谓诗、画意境的结合；画上有题诗、书款，诗画相配，相得益彰，使有限的画面包含无限的寓意。

画与诗尽管是两种不同的艺术形式，但从创作过程来看，在选材、艺术构思、表现方法等方面都有相似、相通之处。

画中有诗，其内在意蕴和抒情色彩就能丰富并提高画的意境。

从元代开始，画必题诗、书款，至明清更甚。

王冕所绘《墨梅图》中梅枝遒劲盘郁，冷傲孤高而生机盎然，其题诗云：“吾家洗砚池头树，朵朵花开淡墨痕。

不要人夸好颜色，只留清气满乾坤。

”经此诗一点，作者傲兀脱俗的气质以及生活理想和高尚情操跃然纸上，极大地拓展了作品的美学境界。

文人画的书画结合也有两层意思：一是文人画家兼擅书法，追求以书入画；二是诗文题跋要与构图密切配合，以求书画结合的形式美。

书、画本不同体，但是在中国传统文人的手中却同出一法。

随着书法艺术的全面繁荣，文人作画自觉不自觉地以书入画。

普通高等学校招生全国统一考试地理试题（上海卷，解析版）【试卷总评】该套试题总体难度适宜，整体而言，命题的基本要求仍然与保持不变。

第一，以高中系统地理为主的内容格局不变。

高考加强考查考生的高中地理原理，要求考生能够在理解的基础上灵活运用地理知识与技能，展示地理思维能力，引导考生摒弃死记硬背的传统应试方式，改进学习策略，引导教师进一步理解课程精神，切实改善地理教学。

第二，追求鲜活的命题风格不变。

贴近生活、联系“热点”是保持试题鲜活的重要方面。

今年试卷中将新近的“黄岩岛”、“我国首座深水钻井平台在南海首钻成功”等新闻素材编入了试题，充分凸显了地理学科爱国主义教育与海洋权益意识教育的功能，充分体现了新课程强调的教育目标的基本精神。

第三，强调地理思维考查的“主旋律”不变。

统计表明，试卷中体现地理思维考查目标的试题比重超过60%。

上海高考地理卷与去年相比，出现了一些变化。

首先，选择题图、表的阅读信息量明显增加，对考生的信息获取和处理的要求有所提高；其次，试卷结构略有变化，综合分析题共同部分的大题由过去的6题减少为5题，且简答题成为“主角”；其三，论述要求略有提高，第一次出现了单题12分的论述题，加强了对考生地理思维能力的考查力度；其四，难度结构有所调整，在试卷总体难度保持大致不变的前提下，选择题难度略有提高，综合分析题难度有所降低。

本试卷共10页，满分150分，考试时间120分钟。

全卷包括两大题，第一大题为选择题：第二大题为综合分析题，包括共同部分和选择部分。

一、选择题（共50分，每小题2分。

每小题只有一个正确答案）（一）“祖国的宝岛，我可爱的家乡......辽阔的海域无尽的宝藏......”1. 黄岩岛是我国的固有领土。

右图中，表示黄岩岛的是A. 甲岛B. 乙岛C. 丙岛D. 丁岛2. 5月，我国首座深水钻井平台在南海首钻成功，其重要意义在于①宣示我国对南海的主权②行使对钻井平台周边我国海域的管辖权③解决我国目前石油对外依存度过高的问题④标志我国能够进行深海油气资源开发A. ①②③B. ①②④C. ①③④D. ②③④（二）上海宝钢为实施“走出去”，将在韩国京畿道新建钢材加工配送中心，提供汽车板材仓储、剪切、配送等服务。

2008年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试(上海卷)数学(文)一．填空题（本大题满分44分）本大题共有11题，只要求直接填写结果，每个空格填对得4分，否则一律得零分．1．不等式|1|1x -<的解集是 ．2．若集合{|2}A x x =≤、{|}a B x x =≥满足2A B = ，则实数a = ． 3．若复数z 满足(2)z i z =-（i 是虚数单位），则z = ． 4．若函数()f x 的反函数12()log f x x -=，则()f x = ． 5．若向量a 、b 满足| a |=1，| b |=2，且a 与b 的夹角为3π，则| a | + | b | = ． 6．若直线10ax y -+=经过抛物线24y x =的焦点，则实数a = ． 7．若z 是实系数方程220x x p ++=的一个虚根，且||2z =，则p = ．8．在平面直角坐标系中，从五个点：(0,0)A 、(2,0)B 、(1,1)C 、(0,2)D 、(2,2)E 中任取三个，这三点能构成三角形的概率是 （结果用分数表示）．9．若函数()()(2)f x x a bx a =++（常数R ,a b ∈）是偶函数，且它的值域为(,4]-∞，则该函数的解析()f x = ．10．已知总体的各个体的值由小到大依次为2，3，3，7，a ，b ，12，13.7，18.3，20，且总体的中位数为10.5．若要使该总体的方差最小，则a 、b 的取值分别是 ．11．在平面直角坐标系中，点A 、B 、C 的坐标分别为(0,1)、(4,2)、(2,6)．如果(,)P x y 是ABC ∆围成的区域（含边界）上的点，那么当w xy =取得最大值时，点P 的坐标是 ．二、选择题（本大题满分16分）本大题共有4 题，每题都给出代号为A ，B ，C ，D 的四个结论，其中有且只有一个结论是正确的，必须把正确结论的代号写在题后的圆括号内，选对得4分，不选、选错或者选出的代号超过一个（不论是否都写在圆括号内），一律得零分．12．设P 椭圆2212516x y +=上的点．若1F 、2F 是椭圆的两个焦点，则12||||PF PF +等于（ ） A ．4 B ．5 C ．8 D ．10第15题图第16题图第17题图13．给定空间中的直线l 及平面α．条件“直线l 与平面α内两条相交直线都垂直”是“直线l 与平面α垂直”的（ ）A ．充分非必要条件B ．必要非充分条件C ．充要条件D ．既非充分又非必要条件14．若数列{}n a 是首项为1，公比为32a -的无穷等比数列，且{}n a 各项的和为a ，则a 的值是（ ） A ．1 B ．2 C ．12 D ．5415．如图，在平面直角坐标系中，Ω是一个与x 轴的正半轴、y 轴的正半轴分别相切于点C 、D 的定圆所围成的区域（含边界），A 、B 、C 、D 是该圆的四等分点．若点(,)P x y 、点(,)P x y '''满足x x '≤且y y '≥，则称P 优于P '．如果Ω中的点Q 满足：不存在Ω中的其它点优于Q ，那么所有这样的点Q 组成的集合是劣弧（ ）A ． AB B ． BCC ． CD D ． DA三、解答题（本大题满分90分）本大题共有6题，解答下列各题必须写出必要的步骤． 16．（本题满分12分）如图，在棱长为2的正方体1111ABCD A BC D -中，E 是1BC 的中点．求直线DE 与平面ABCD 所成角的大小（结果用反三角函数值表示）．17．（本题满分13分）如图，某住宅小区的平面图呈扇形AOC ．小区的两个出入口设置在点A 及点C 处．小区里有两条笔直的小路AD 、DC ，且拐弯处的转角为120．已知某人从C 沿CD 走到D 用了10分钟，从D 沿DA 走到A 用了6分钟．若此人步行的速度为每分钟50米，求该扇形的半径OA 的长（精确到1米）．18．（本题满分15分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分5分，第2小题满分10分．已知函数()sin 2f x x =，()cos(2)6g x x π=+，直线x t =()t R ∈与函数()f x 、()g x 的图象分别交于M 、N 两点．（1）当4t π=时，求||MN 的值； （2）求||MN 在[0,2t π∈时的最大值．19．（本题满分16分）本题共有2个小题，第1小题满分8分，第2小题满分8分．已知函数||1()22xx f x =-． （1）若()2f x =，求x 的值；（2）若2(2)()0t f t mf t +≥对于[1,2]t ∈恒成立，求实数m 的取值范围．20．（本题满分16分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分3分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分7分．已知双曲线22:12x C y -=． （1）求双曲线C 的渐近线方程；（2）已知点M 的坐标为(0,1)．设P 是双曲线C 上的点，Q 是点P 关于原点的对称点．记MP MQ λ=⋅．求λ的取值范围；（3）已知点D 、E 、M 的坐标分别为(2,1)--、(2,1)-、(0,1)，P 为双曲线C 上在第一象限内的点．记l 为经过原点与点P 的直线，s 为DEM ∆截直线l 所得线段的长．试将s 表示为直线l 的斜率k 的函数．21．（本题满分18分）本题共有3个小题，第1小题满分4分，第2小题满分6分，第3小题满分8分．已知数列{}n a ：11a =，22a =，3a r =，32n n a a +=+（n 是正整数），与数列{}n b ：11b =，20b =，31b =-，40b =，4n n b b +=（n 是正整数）．记112233n n n T b a b a b a b a ⋅⋅⋅+=+++． （1）若1312264a a a a ⋅⋅⋅++=++，求r 的值； （2）求证：当n 是正整数时，124n T n =-；（3）已知0r >，且存在正整数m ，使得在121m T +，122m T +，…，1212m T +中有4项为100．求r 的值，并指出哪第16题图4项为100．参考答案一、填空题（第1题至第11题） 1．(0,2)2． 23．1i + 4． 2x（R x ∈） 56．－1 7． 48．459．224x -+10．10.5a =，10.5b =11． 5(,5)2二、选择题（第12题至第15题） 12．D 13．C 14．B 15．D三、解答题（第16题至第21题）16．解：过E 作EF BC ⊥，交BC 于F ，连接DF ． ∵ EF ⊥平面ABCD∴ EDF ∠是直线DE 与平面ABCD 所成的角． 由题意，得1112EF CC ==． ∵ 112CF CB ==，∴DF =． ∵ EF DF ⊥，∴tan 5EF EDF DF ∠==． 故直线DE 与平面ABCD所成角的大小是arctan ．17．解法1：设该扇形的半径为r 米．由题意，得500CD =（米），300DA =（米），60CDO ∠=． 在CDO ∆中，2222cos60CD OD CD OD OC +-⋅⋅⋅=，第17题图即2221500(300)500(3020)2r r r ⨯⨯-⨯-=+-， 解得490044511r =≈（米）． 答：该扇形的半径OA 的长约为445米．解法2：连接AC ，作OH AC ⊥，交AC 于H ．由题意，得500CD =（米），300AD =（米），120CDA ∠=． 在ACD ∆中，2222cos120AC CD AD AD CD =+-⋅⋅⋅222150030500300207002=⨯⨯=+⨯+， ∴700AC =（米），22211214cos AC AD CD CAD AC CD +-∠==⋅⋅．在直角HAO ∆中，350AH =（米），1os 114c HAO ∠=， ∴ 4900445cos 11HAO AH OA =∠=≈（米）．答：该扇形的半径OA 的长约为445米．18．解：（1）)cos(24||sin(246MN πππ⨯-⨯+=．231cos32π=-=． （2）||si 2s 2n co (6t MN t π-+=3sin 22t t =)6t π=-．∵ [0,]2t π∈，26[,]66t ππππ∈---， ∴ ||MN19．解：（1）当0x <时，()0f x =；当0x ≥时，1()22xx f x =-． 由条件可知1222xx -=，即222210x x -⋅-=，解得21x=∵ 20x>，∴ 2log (1x =． （2）当[1,2]t ∈时，22112(2(2202tttt tm -+≥-， 即42(21())21t t m ≥---， ∵ 220t>，∴2(21)t m ≥-+． ∵ [1,2]t ∈，∴2(12)[17,5]t -+∈--， 故m 的取值范围是[)5,-+∞．20．解：（1）所求渐近线方程为02y x -=，02y x +=． （2）设P 的坐标为00(,)x y ，则Q 的坐标为00(,)x y --．0000(,1)(,)MP MQ x y x y λ=⋅=-⋅--22001x y =--+20322x =-+。

行政职业能力倾向测验复习资料目 录第一部分：言语理解与表达言语理解与表达着重考察报考者对文字材料的理解、分析、运用能力和书面表达能力。

它包括根据材料查找主要信息及重要细节；正确理解阅读材料中指定词语、语句的准确含义；概括归纳阅读材料的中心、主旨；判断新组成的语句与阅读材料原意是否一致；根据上下文合理推断阅读材料中的隐含信息；判断作者的态度、意图、倾向、目的；准确、得体地遣词用字等等。

一般包含一段话或一个句子，要求考生选出与所提要求最相符合的一项。

第五部分：资料分析资料分析着重考察报考者对文字、图形、表格三种形式的数据性、统计性资料进行综合逻辑判断与加工的能力。

针对一段资料一般有1~5个问题，报考者需要根据资料所提供的信息进行分析、比较、计算，从四个备选答案中选出符合题意的答案。

2003年第一季度五城市GDP 情况图例题：根据所给图回答问题：1.2003年第一季度GDP 总量和增速均居同一位的城市有A.1个B.2个C.3个D.4个 （解答：C ）2.下列哪个组合的陈述是正确的？200400600800100012001400京津沪渝穗城市累计数（亿元）0246810121416与去年同期相比增长率（%）Ⅰ.2003年第一季度五个城市的GDP总量均实现了两位数增长Ⅱ.2003年第一季度广州的经济总量首次超过了北京Ⅲ.2002年同期重庆的GDP总量也是第五位A.ⅠB.Ⅰ和ⅢC.Ⅰ和ⅡD.Ⅰ、Ⅱ和Ⅲ（解答：A）第一章言语理解与表达言语理解与表达的考查目的和内容第二节选词填空的题型和解题技巧一、常见题型分析3．依次填入下列各句横线处的词语，恰当的一组是①这家企业改革的任务，□□是"减员"，更重要的是"增效"。

②预算即使制订得再□□，在执行过程中也难免发生变化。

③去年春节期间，山西某地发生了一起□□的假酒案。

A．不止正确耸人听闻 B．不只正确耸人听闻 C．不只准确骇人听闻 D．不止准确骇人听闻分析3．C（搞清词义，结合语境。

2006年上海市普通高等学校春季招生考试英语试卷第I卷（105分）I. Listening Comprehension.Part A Short ConversationsDirections:In part A, you will hear ten short conversations between two speakers. At the end of each conversation, a question will be asked about what was said. The conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After you hear a conversation and the question about it, read the four possible answers on your paper, and decide which one is the best answer to the question you have heard.1. A. Fried chicken. B. Hamburgers. C. A pizza. D. Seafood.2. A. A new job. B. A party. C. A new house. D. Some drinks.3. A. She doesn't like reading. B. She's already read the book.C. She is too busy to read the book.D. She's almost finished the book.4. A. Frightening. B. Interesting. C. Enjoyable. D. Dull.5. A. It is time that he won the scholarship. B. No one believes that he won the scholarship.C. He's surprised that he got the scholarship.D. He's glad to award the woman the scholarship.6. A. The 4:40 bus. B. The 5:00 bus. C. The 5:20 bus. D. The 5:40 bus.7. A. An airhostess. B. A cook. C. A waitress. D. A hotel manager.8. A. At a police station. B. At a bank.C. At an employment agency.D. At a post office.9. A. Someone helped him with the work. B. Someone has done the work for him.C. He didn't quite finish the work.D. He did the work alone.10. A. He doesn't love jazz. B. He hasn't heard any music for a long time.C. He'd prefer silence for a while.D. He'd like to listen to some jazz.Part B PassagesDirections: In Part B, you will hear two short passages, and you will be asked three questions on each of the passages. The passages will be read twice, but the questions will be spoken only once. When you hear a question, read the four possible answers on your paper and decide which one would be the best answer to the question you have heard.Questions 11 through 13 are based on the following passage.11. A. 3 years. B. 4 years. C. 15 years. D.18 years.12. A. A lawyer. B. A professor. C. An artist. D. An interpreter.13. A. They've overcome their language problems. B. They overtook others in learning Russian.C. They still have problems speaking English.D. They worked in a restaurant to practise English.Questions 14 through 16 are based on the following report.14. A. The Spanish flu. B. The Asian flu. C. The Hong Kong flu. D. Bird flu.15. A. In 1968. B. In the 21st century. C. In 1957. D. Over a century ago.16. A. Bird flu viruses. B. Several kinds of flu. C. Causes of flu. D. Some most common viruses. Part C Longer ConversationsDirections: In Part C, you will hear two longer conversations. The conversations will .be read twice. After you hear each conversation, you are required to fill in the numbered blanks with the informationyou have heard. Write your answers on your answer sheet.II. Grammar and VocabularyDirections:Beneath each of the following sentences there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one answer that best completes the sentence.25. More and more young people are fond ___ playing tennis nowadays.A. onB. toC. inD. of26. You know he is not going to let us leave early if we ___ get the work done.A. can'tB. may notC. shouldn'tD. mustn't27. Both sides have accused of breaking the contract ___.A. anotherB. the otherC. neitherD. each28. We ___ our new neighbors yet, so we don't know their names.A. don't meetB. won't meetC. haven't metD. hadn't met29. The parents suggested ___ in the hotel room but their kids were anxious to camp out during the trip.A. sleepB. to sleepC. sleepingD. having slept30. These shoes look very good. I wonder ___.A. how much cost they areB. how much do they costC. how much they costD. how much are they cost31. Some experts think that language learning is much ___ for children as their tongues are moreflexible.A. easyB. easierC. easilyD. more easily32. ___ most of the earth’s surface is covered by water, fresh water is very rare and precious.A. AsB. OnceC. IfD. Although33. Doris' success lies in the fact ___ she is co-operative and eager to learn from others.A. whichB. thatC. whenD. why34. Just in front of our house ___ with a history of 1,000 years.A. does a tall tree standB. stands a tall treeC. a tall tree is standingD. a tall tree stands35. David said that it was because of his strong interest in literature ___ he chose the course.A. thatB. whatC. whyD. how36. There are hundreds of visitors ___ in front of the Art Gallery to have a look at Van Gogh’spaintings.A. waitedB. to waitC. waitingD. wait37. You can find whatever you need at the shopping centre, ___ is always busy at the weekend.A. thatB. whereC. whatD. which38. ___ the employees' working efficiency, the supervisor will allow them to have a coffee break.A. ImprovingB. To improveC. Having improvedD. Improved39. In the dream Peter saw himself ___ by a fierce wolf, and he woke suddenly with a start.A. chasedB. to be chasedC. be chasedD. having been chased40. China has promised to revise its existing regulations and ___ new policies according to WTOrequirements.A. formingB. to formC. to be formingD. have formed41. Put the ___ of your tongue against your upper teeth when you produce the sound.A. tipB. topC. peakD. pole42. Small cars are ___ of fuel, so they have more appeal for consumers.A. freeB. shortC. typicalD. economical43. Sean's strong love for his country is ___ in his recently published poems.A. relievedB. reflectedC. respondedD. recovered44. The performer was waving his stick in the street and it ___ missed the child standing nearby.A. narrowlyB. nearlyC. hardlyD. closelyIII. ClozeDirections: For each blank in the following passages there are four words or phrases marked A, B, C and D. Fill in each blank with the word or phrase that best fits the context.(A)The term home schooling means educating children at home or in places other than a normal setting such as a public or private school. There are many reasons why parents choose home schooling for their children. Some parents are __45__ with the quality of education in the public schools. Others do not want their children to have to worry about “peer pressure”, or social pressure from friends. They say it may have a(n) __46__ effect on the child's studies. These parents __47__ this type of pressure will lead to bad behavior such as smoking, drinking alcohol, and taking drugs.Bullying(欺负) from other students is another concern. Still other parents choose this type of __48__ for religious reasons. Whatever the __49__ may be, it is evident that more and more children are being taken out of normal schools every year. __50__, many questions have emerged, encouraging the debate over home schooling against public schooling.What then is the future of education? Will this new model of schooling replace normal schools? Will computers and the Internet __51__ our classrooms and teachers? As the debate continues, so do the questions about what home schoolers are studying at home. How can parents ensure that their children are prepared __52__ for college? How are home schoolers assessed to make sure they are getting the same educational standards that school students must have?Finally, there are questions regarding the children's emotional development. Are they too __53__ their fellow students? Are they __54__ the opportunity to get the social benefits of being in a large classroom of students? As with any debatable issue, the answers to these questions are neither simple nor one-sided.45. A. patient B. familiar C. pleased D. dissatisfied46. A. active B. contrary C. important D. negative47. A. care B. fear C. wish D. deny48. A. activity B. education C. behavior D. belief49. A. effects B. suggestions C. reasons D. pressures50. A. As a result B. On the whole C. After all D. On the contrary51. A. replace B. reserve C. represent D. release52. A. gracefully B. emotionally C. academically D. financially53. A. free from B. isolated from C. related to D. close to54. A. providing B. making C. taking D. losing(B)Many people of my generation say that there is no hope for the future because of the way that young people behave today.Their first argument is that when we were __55__ we used to look after the older people in our community and help them. They also say that young people today don't care about anything or anyone. __56__, I think the reason why we looked after older people was that we had no __57__. People had to live with their parents and grandparents because they had no money. Young people today earn more and have more freedom to live where they want. __58__ this, I think that they are still interested in older people. For example, young people often __59__ to help me when I get on and off the bus with heavy shopping.Their second argument is that in our day we didn't __60__ to be given jobs ——and that young people now don't look for jobs, but just complain about unemployment. On the other hand, things were easier in the past and it was always easy to get a job __61__ you had friends and contacts. It is really harder today. Young people complain about unemployment and I think they have __62__ reason to complain.In conclusion I think there is __63__ for the future. This generation, like generations before them, has new __64__ as well as old problems. If they learn from our mistakes the world will be a better place in future.55. A. ignorant B. young C. childish D. innocent56. A. Moreover B. Meanwhile C. Therefore D. However57. A. trouble B. concept C. choice D. method58. A. In addition to B. In spite of C. Due to D. As for59. A. offer B. hesitate C. refuse D. mean60. A. prepare B. regret C. decline D. expect61. A. unless B. if C. until D. because62. A. every B. no C. this D. another63. A. possibility B. feasibility C. hope D. result64. A. events B. questions C. hobbies D. opportunitiesIV. Reading ComprehensionDirections:Read the following four passages. Each passage is followed by several questions or unfinished statements. For each of them there are four choices marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that fits best according to the information given in the passage your have just read.( A )A lot of people are familiar with the story of Brave Gelert,a dog that faithfully defended theprince’s son, but which wa s then killed while it was fast asleep through a terrible misunderstanding. However, only a few people know that the story is really a pack of lies. Let me explain.About a hundred or so years ago there was a hotel owner in Wales who was fed up with business being so bad. His hotel was stuck in the middle of nowhere and hardly anyone came to stay. Then, one day, he had an idea. A famous prince called Llewellyn had lived in the area during the Middle Ages and had been keen on dogs. This is hardly surprising as hunting was extremely popular at that time. So what he did was to make up the story of the brave and faithful Gelert and how he had been killed by his ungrateful master.Of course, people would be far more likely to believe the story if there was something they could see. So one day, the hotel keeper went to the top of a high hill and built a sort of monument from the stones he found lying around A friend of his, who was an accountant, helped him to construct it .The "tale" soon caught on and developed a life of its own. Afterwards, people came from far and wide to see the spot where the dog was buried. Needless to say, business became very good for the hotel owner.65. According to the tale, the dog was killed by ___.A. a hotel ownerB. a famous accountantC. its masterD. the prince's son66. The owner of the hotel successfully improved his business by ___.A. making up a storyB. constructing a hotel on the hillC. showing people around his hotelD. inviting a friend to help him67. The hotel owner built the stone monument in order toA. make more moneyB. remember the loyal dogC. show offD. honor the prince68. What could be the best title for this passage?A. A Prince and His DogB. A Profit - Making LieC. A Magnificent HotelD. A Faithful but Unlucky Dogsummer, join the International Conservation Scouts on a fun - filleddifference. Year after year, young people from all around the world get together at one of our sixteen 环境保护) camp. Their shared aim? To help protect the countryside and its wildlife.Many animals and plants are in danger of disappearing forever. The dormouse, a kind of mouse, needs woodland plants for food and trees to stay in. Its habitatdestroyed by man and it needs our help to survive.69. The main purpose of this passage is ___.A. to offer young people a fun - filled holidayB. to attract young people to attend a conservation campC. to persuade people into exploring the countrysideD. to raise funds for the International Conservation Scouts70. According to the passage, you can ___ at the conservation camps.A. experiment on the dormouseB. practise your favorite hobbiesC. enrich your knowledge of wildlifeD. have free accommodation and food71. Judging from the writing style of the passage, it is ___.A. a piece of advertisementB. a science reportC. a passage for professional readingD. a passage for arguing an opinion( C )In some children who go blind, certain parts of the brain that normally control vision appear to switch jobs and focus instead on sound, a new study has found.The study, by researchers at the University of Montreal, involved 7 adults who could see and 12 adults who had lost their vision when they were children. Each participant sat in a room with 16 loudspeakers at different locations. The room was designed so that there were no echoes. During the experiment, the speakers irregularly produced sounds. Participants had to point to where the sounds were coming from. Meanwhile, the researchers monitored blood flow in the brains of the participants to see which brain structures were working during the task.The results showed that five of the blind participants were very good at pointing to where sounds were coming from. In these people, blood flow increased in the visual cortex- an area at the back of the right side of the brain. This part of the brain is usually associated with vision.The other seven blind participants showed no increase in activity in the visual cortex. These people didn't do very well at picking out where sounds were coming from. Now, the researchers are looking at whether these people have gained an enhanced sense of touch instead of sound to replace their lostvision.The scientists say that their study shows how adaptable parts of the brain can be.72. The purpose of the experiment described in the passage is to find whetherA. blind children can regain their sightB. blind people have a better sense of soundC. the sense of touch is better among blind peopleD. blood flow in the brains of blind people is slower73. The participants of the experiment were asked ___.A. to tell the difference between 16 soundsB. to take down the time each sound lastedC. to identify the direction the sound came fromD. to detect the number of the loudspeakers.74. During the experiment, blood flow in the brains of the participants was measured in order to ___.A. learn about the way they react to echoesB. look for the way of enhancing hearing abilityC. find which parts of the brain were functioningD. expose the relationship between seeing and touching75. Which of the following statements best summarizes the main idea of the passage?A. Most blind people have a well - developed sense of touch.B. People go blind because of the breakdown of their visual cortex.C. Most blind people have a better sense of sound than normal people.D. Human brains can adjust themselves after the loss of a certain function.(D)Indian's snake charmers are to be retrained as wildlife teachers under a plan to prevent their unique skills and knowledge from being lost. The charmers, who make snakes dance to the sound of flutes(笛子), used to be a traditional feature of Indian life, performing in towns and villages, until they were banned in 1972 to control the trade in snake skins.The government is now considering a plan to train the saperas, as they are known, to visit schools and zoos to tell children about forests and wildlife. There is also a proposal to set up a “dial a snake charmer” service to help householders to deal with unwelcome intruders.“For generations they have been a feature of Indian life but now they can't earn a living for fear of arrest,” said Behar Dutt, a conservationist behind the plans, “if a policeman doesn’t catch them, animal rights activists report them.”Many snake charmers have continued to work clandestinely since the ban, despite the threat of up to three years in jail. But their trademark cloth-covered baskets, hung from a bamboo pole carried across their shoulders, make them an easy target for police.The fate of Shisha Nath, 56, from Badarpur, a village just outside of Delhi, is typical of practitioners(从业者) of the dying art. “I used to earn enough to support my family and send my children to school, "he said. "Now it's hard to earn even f, 1 a day. My children want to be snake charmers. It’s our identity. We love the work. But it s become impossible.Ne xt month Dutt’s project to train 30 snake charmers will begin at a snake park in Pune, western India, where experts will enrich their home-grown skills with some formal knowledge.More than the law, though, it is the dishonest attitude of their fellow countryman that angers many snake charmers."'We're disturbed all the time but when people want a snake removed from the house, they rush tous," said Prakash Nath, who was ordered recently to the home of Sonia Gandhi, the Congress party leader.76. According to the passage, snake charmers will be retrained as wildlife teachers mainly because___.A. schools need large numbers of such teachersB. most of them cannot support their familiesC. their performances on the street are bannedD. the government plans to save the dying art77. The purpose of the proposed "dial a snake charmer" telephone service is ___.A. to give performance of snake dancingB. to teach householders how to catch and kill snakesC. to offer cleaning service to wealthy householdersD. to help remove unwanted snakes from the houses78. The word "clandestinely" in paragraph 4 can be best replaced by the word "___"A. secretlyB. publiclyC. subconsciouslyD. diligently79. Which of the following statements is NOT true according to the passage?A. Snake charmers can easily be recognized by the police on the street.B. Children of snake charmers would not like to continue their fathers' job.C. Snake charmers are quite angry with the attitude of their fellow countrymen.D. The animal rights activists take a negative attitude towards snake charmers.( E )Directions:Read the following text and choose the most suitable heading from A-F for each80. ___If you suddenly received a lot of money, how would you spend it? For the people of Tuvalu, a tiny state comprising nine islands in the South Pacific, something unusual happened. In 1999 Tuvalu, with its population of 11,000,was the third poorest state in the world. Later, Tuvalu received a domain name on the Internet ——the letters “.tv”. A communication company from California quickly offered to buy the domain name for $ 40 million. The islanders became very rich.81. ___At the same time the islanders received some very bad news. Due to global warming, and because the islands are only 3m above sea level, Tuvalu will probably become the first state in the world to disappear under the sea. According to scientific estimates, the islands will suffer severe floods within the next 15 - 20 years, and by the end of the century, the islands will have disappeared from sight altogether.82. ___You can already see signs of the rising sea on Tuvalu. Pools of seawater appear here and there, some beaches are swallowed by the waves, and the roots of trees are rotting by the ocean. The rains cause temporary floods.83. ___But despite these problems, the Tuvaluan had their new money. Paul Lindsay, a documentary film - maker, went all the way to Tuvalu, and came back with an incredible story. As the water rises, the Tuvaluan are using the money to develop the land that is soon to disappear. They are building new houses, planning nightclubs, restaurants and hotels, and new cars are driving around on new roads. "Just because we are sinking, it doesn't mean we don't want to raise our standards of living." Lindsay was told by Sam Teo, Tuvalu' s minister for natural resources.84. ___Of the $ 40 million Tuvalu received through the Internet deal, $ 10 million was used to asphalt the islands' L9km of roads. Before 1999 there were four cars on the islands. The Tuvaluan used to walk or cycle everywhere. There was a flood of imported foods and goods and soon these had unexpected consequences. The Tuvaluan people now suffer from diseases such as obesity, high blood pressure and diabetes. Others discovered that it was too expensive for them to keep their cars. There is now a huge rubbish dump in the middle of this tropical paradise, covered with abandoned cars and other waste.第II卷（共45分）I . TranslationDirections: Translate the following sentences English, using the words given in the brackets.1.昨天我的电脑坏了。

2006年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文科综合能力测试全国卷1本试卷分第I卷（选择题）和第II卷（非选择题）两部分。

第I卷1至8页，第II卷9至12页。

全卷共300分。

考试时间150分钟。

第I卷注意事项：1.答题前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在试题卷和答题卡上，并将准考证号条形码粘贴在答题卡上的指定位置。

2.每小题选出答案后，用2B铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

答在试题卷上无效。

3.考试结束，监考人员将本试题卷和答题卡一并收回。

4.第I卷共35小题，每小题4分，共140分。

在每题给出的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题目要求的。

图1显示我国四个省2004年三种谷物的种植面积。

读图1，回答1～2题。

1．①、②、③代表的谷物依次是A．小麦、水稻、玉米B．玉米、小麦、水稻C．水稻、小麦、玉米D．水稻、玉米、小麦2． M省可能是A．山西B．安徽C．广东D．甘肃雪线高度是指终年积雪下限的海拔。

图2表示全球不同纬度多年平均雪线高度、气温、降水量的分布。

读图2，回答3～5题。

3．表示多年平均雪线高度、气温、降水量的曲线依次是A．①②③ B．①③② C．③②① D．③①②4．多年平均雪线高度A．随纬度增高而降低 B．在副热带地区最高C．在降水量大的地区较高 D．在南半球低纬度地区最低5.依图示资料可知A．北半球高纬地区多年平均气温与降水量变化趋势基本一致B．南半球中纬地区多年平均雪线高度与降水量变化趋势基本一致C．多年平均雪线高度与气温变化趋势一致D．北半球高纬地区陆地比重小于南半球表1为四个国家1998年能源消费情况。

读表1，回到6～8题。

6．表1数据表明A．①国以煤为主，且核电消费量最大B．②国矿物能源消费构成较均衡，且石油消费量最大C．③国以石油为主，且石油消费量在四国中居首位D．④国以天然气为主，且天然气消费量在四国中居首位7．所代表的国家依次是A．俄罗斯、美国、日本、中国B．中国、美国、日本、俄罗斯C．美国、中国、日本、俄罗斯D．中国、美国、俄罗斯、日本8.人均能源消费量较为相近的一组是A．①② B．②③ C．③④ D．①④据报道，哈尔滨地区2004年10月14日出现的日偏食开始于9时20分，结束于10时57分。

2007年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试文科综合能力测试(上海卷)第Ⅰ卷（共63分）1~21题为单选题，在下列各题的四个选项中，只有一项是最符合题意的。

每小题3分，共63分。

1.绿色GDP 是反映经济、社会可持续发展水平的综合指标。

在未来20年内，我国将逐步建立一套完整的绿色GDP 核算体系，这是为了( )①增加经济总量，加快发展速度 ②促进经济又好又快的发展 ③扩大内需、刺激投资 ④提升人民的生活质量A.①③B.①④C.②③D.②④2.针对我国经济运行中投资增长过快、货币信贷投放过多等问题，2006~2007年，中央政府采取了一系列宏观调控措施。

图中所示存款准备金率的历次调整属于（ ）111098706年7月 8月 11月 07年1月 2月 4月存款准备金率2006-2007年存款准备金率历次调整A.扩张的财政政策B.紧缩的货币政策C.有效的行政干预D.适度的计划调控3.漫画和成语的表现形式虽然不同，但有时可以表达同一道理。

与下边漫画反映的哲理相近的成语是（ ）经济利益环境A.只见树木，不见森林B.种瓜得瓜，种豆得豆C.临渊羡鱼，不如退而结网D.千里之堤，溃于蚁穴4.当前，小城镇建设中存在着不顾当地的人文、自然景观，一味仿古的倾向，导致“千城”一面。

这种做法有违于唯物辩证法的( )A.规律客观性原理B.矛盾特殊性原理C.世界的物质性原理D.联系普遍性原理5.下图喻示管理学理论中经典的“木桶原理”，即木桶的蓄水量是由最短的那块木板决定的。

它蕴涵的哲理是( )A.量变引起质变B.事物发展是不平衡的C.世界是发展变化的D.整体离不开局部6.海洋蕴藏着丰富的生物、能源、矿产等资源，是一个国家生存发展的重要战略空间，海洋权益是敏感的国际地缘政治问题。

为此，我们应首先（）A.开辟更多的海上航线B.大力开发利用海洋资源C.维护国家海洋主权D.加快发展海洋经济7.邓小平曾说：“现在世界上真正大的问题一个是和平问题……，一个是经济问题或者说发展问题……发展问题是南北问题。

2023年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（新课标全国Ⅰ卷）语文注意事项：1.答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号等填写在答题卡上。

2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。

如需改动，用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。

回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上。

写在本试卷上无效。

3.考试结束后，将本试卷和答题卡一并交回。

一、现代文阅读（35分）（一）现代文阅读I（本题共5小题，19分）阅读下面的文字，完成下面小题。

对素食者和肠胃疾病患者来说，藜麦的发现是一个奇迹。

藜麦不含麸质，富含镁和铁，比其他种子含有更多的蛋白质，包括人体无法独自生成的必需的氨基酸。

美国宇航局宣布，藜麦是地球上营养最均衡的食物之一，是宇航员的理想之选。

产于安第斯山的藜麦有一个令西方消费者神往的传说：印加人非常重视藜麦，认为它是神圣的，并且称之为“万谷之母”。

不过，藜麦的爱好者却通过媒体发现了一个令人不安的事实。

从2006年到2013年，玻利维亚和秘鲁的藜麦价格上涨了两倍。

2011年，《独立报》称，玻利维亚的藜麦消费量“5年间下降了34％，当地家庭已经吃不起这种主食了，它已经变成了奢侈品”。

《纽约时报》援引研究报告称，藜麦种植区的儿童营养不良率正在上升。

2013年，《卫报》用煽动性标题提升了人们对这个问题的关注度：“素食者的肚子能装下藜麦令人反胃的事实吗？”该报称，贫穷的玻利维亚人和秘鲁人正在食用更加便宜的“进口垃圾食品”。

《独立报》2013年一篇报道的标题是“藜麦：对你有利--对玻利维亚人有害”。

这些消息传遍了全球，在健康饮食者之中引发了一场良心危机。

在社交媒体、素食博客和健康饮食论坛上，人们开始询问食用藜麦是否合适。

这种说法看似可信，被许多人认可，但是经济学家马克·贝勒马尔等人对此则持保留意见。

毕竟，藜麦贸易使大量外国资金涌入玻利维亚和秘鲁，其中许多资金进入了南美最贫穷的地区。

几位经济学家跟踪了秘鲁家庭支出的调查数据，将种植且食用藜麦的家庭、食用但不种植藜麦的家庭和从不接触藜麦的家庭划分为三个小组。

1．(2012年高考真题上海卷)阅读下列关于高新技术产业的图文资料，回答问题。

(15分)。

高新技术产业是国民经济中重要的战略性先导产业。

经济地理学中的重心理论是借鉴物理学的重心概念发展起来的、研究经济空间格局演进的一种重要方法。

高新技术产业重心是指高新技术产业发展空间中的某一点，它可以反映一定区域内各个方向的高新技术产业发展在该点所处于的平衡状态。

一般来说，某个方向的高新技术产业产值比重高，重心就偏向那个方向。

经济重心亦然。

（1）1995年至2009年期间，在东西和南北方向上，我国高新技术产业重心移动分别呈现什么趋向？ (2分)（2）概括我国高新技术产业区域分布的基本特征，并说明判断依据。

(3分)（3）简析我国高新技术产业区域分布的基本特征形成的区位条件。

(4分)（4）研究发现，2005年至2007年经济重心总体向西移动，高新技术产业重心在其后2007年至2009年总体也呈现出向西移动；2006年至2008年高新技术产业重心先向北后向南移动，经济重心在其后的2007年至2009年也出现先向北后向南移动。

根据这两个事实分别说明我国区域高新技术产业发展与经济发展的牵引关系。

(4分)（5）近十年来，经济重心与高新技术产业重心空间移动特点与我国推出的重大区域开发战略相关。

列举一项我国重大区域开发战略。

(2分)（2010年普通高校招生统一考试江苏卷）图13为发达地区与欠发达地区关系示意图。

读图回答下列问题。

2．图中箭头所示的生产要素及其流动方向，符合区际关系的是A．①为资金 B．②为技术C．③为劳动力 D．④为原料3．关于两区域间产业转移的叙述，正确的是A．欠发达地区应全面承接发达地区的产业转移，以促进区域发展B．发达地区应将高新技术产业转移到欠发达地区，以降低生产成本C．发达地区向欠发达地区逐步转移第二产业，有利于两区域的产业结构优化D．发达地区向欠发达地区转移劳动密集型产业，有利于促进欠发达地区城市化4．（2010年普通高校招生统一考试海南卷,23）图8示意制鞋业在两个地区的转移。