阿拉斯加洲 英语PPT

阿拉斯加州（英语：State of Alaska），别名是“最后的荒野”(Last Frontier)。

是位于美国西北太平洋沿岸的一个州，第49个加入美国合众国的州，也是美国面积最大的州、世界最大的飞地地区，该州的邮政缩写是AK，“阿拉斯加”一名最可能源于阿留申语的“Alyeska”，意思是“很大的陆地”。

横贯欧亚大陆和北美的北部,形成一条完整的针叶林地带...芬兰、俄罗斯和西伯利亚,越过白令海峡到达阿拉斯加和...肉食动物则有紫貂、黑熊和狼等。

在寒温带以南的山地...亚寒带针叶林概述编辑亚寒带针叶林气候分布在北纬50°—65°的地区，在北美洲自阿拉斯加到纽芬兰，在亚欧大陆从斯堪的纳维亚半岛北部到前苏联远东地区的北部，都属于此类气候。

冬季漫长而严寒，暖季短促，气温年较差特别亚寒带针叶林气候大。

一年中月平均气温在0℃以下的月份长达6—7个月，月平均气温10℃以上月份只有1—3个月。

气温年较差多在40℃以上。

号称寒极的西伯利亚的奥伊米康，一月平均气温为-50℃，七月平均气温为15℃，绝对最低气温达到-73℃。

年较差为65℃，是世界上最大的气温年较差。

年降水量250—500mm，集中于暖季。

冬季降雪量虽然不大，但因气温低，蒸发融化慢，积雪厚度可达600—700mm。

年降水量虽然不多，但因低温，蒸发微弱，加上有永冻层，不少地面处于过湿状态，沼泽广布。

由于有短暂的暖季，日照时间长，适宜于针叶树生长，所以针叶林分布广泛，又称副极地大陆性气候或亚寒带大陆性气候。

因积雪期很长，积雪厚度大，故称雪林气候。

2特征编辑亚寒带针叶林气候区受极地海洋气团和极地大陆气团的影响，并为极地大陆气团产生的源地。

冬季常受北极气团侵入，暖季有时受热带大陆气团伸入。

亚寒带针叶林气候冬季长而严寒，暖季短促，气温年较差大。

这是因为本区为极地大陆气团的源地且纬度高，冬季黑夜时间长，正午太阳高度角小，又有积雪覆盖，地面辐射冷却剧烈，受不到海洋气团的调节。

美国各大洲英文
Alabama亚拉巴马州
Alaska阿拉斯加州
Arizona亚利桑那州
Arkansas阿肯色州
California加利福尼亚州Colorado科罗拉多州Connecticut康涅狄格州Delaware特拉华州
Florida佛罗里达州
Georgia佐治亚州
Hawaii夏威夷
Idaho爱达荷州
Illinois伊利诺伊州
Indiana印第安纳州
Iowa艾奥瓦(衣阿华)州Kansas堪萨斯州
Louisiana路易斯安那州
Maine缅因州
Massachusetts马塞诸塞州(麻省) Maryland马里兰州
Michigan密歇根(密执安)州Minnesota明尼苏达州Mississippi密西西比州Missouri密苏里州
Montana蒙大拿州
Nevada内华达州
New hampshise新罕布什尔州New Jersey新泽西州
New Mexico新墨西哥州
New York纽约州
North Carolina北卡罗来州North Dakota北达科他州
Ohio俄亥俄州
Oklahoma俄克拉何马州Oregon俄勒冈州Pennsylvania宾夕法尼亚州Rhode 罗得岛
South Cardina南卡罗来州South Dakota南达科他州Tennessee田纳西州
Texas得克萨斯州
Utah犹他州
Vermont佛蒙特州Virginia弗吉尼亚州Washington华盛顿州West Virginia西弗吉尼亚州Wisconsin威斯康星州Wyoming怀俄明州。

AlaskaIn 1858 Americans welcomed Alaska into the Union as the 49th state，symbolizing a change of attitude that hold in 1867，when the peninsula was purchased from Russia. Then，most Americans had little interest in 1，500，000 square kilometers “of icebergs and polar bear”-beyond Canada s western borders，far from the settled areas of the United States.In those sections of the state which lie above the Arctic Circle，Alaska still is a land of icebergs and polar bear. Ice buried in the earth，which is permanently frozen to a depth of 90 or more meters，From early May until early August，the midnight sun never sets on this flat，treeless region，but the sun cannot melt the icy soil more than two-thirds of a meter down.Alaska is America s largest state，but only about 325，000 people live there. According to estimates，800，000 hectares of its land area are fit for plowing but only about 640，000 hectares are being cultivated.Arctic Alaska has been the home of Eskimos for countless centuries. It is believed that the Eskimos moved there from Mongolia or Siberia，probably crossing Bering Strait，named for Vitus Bering，the Danish sea captain who discovered Alaska on his voyage for Russia in 1741. The Eskimos are the state s earliest known inhabitants. Russian fur traders established settlements but，by the time Alaska was sold to the United States，most of the traders had departed.In 1896 gold was discovered near the Klondike River in Canada just across the Alaskan border. Thousand of Americans rushed to the region on their way to Klondike；some never returned. Alaska was never completely cut off again，although even today transportation is a major problem. There are only two motor routes from the U.S mainland，and within the state，every town has its own airfield. Planes fly passengers，mail and freight to the most distant villages.The gold that changed life so suddenly for Alaska was soon ended，and although many stories about mining camps have become part of American literature，the gold from Alaskan earth contributed less to economic progress than the fish from Alaska waters. The fish caught in a single year range in value from $80 million to $ 90 million. Fur-bearing animals are plentiful in the forests and streams，and valuable fur seals inhabit the waters. After fishing，the state s chief industry is lumber and the production of wood pulp. In recent years，Alaska s single most important resource has become oil. The state also has large deposits of coal，copper，gold and other minerals.1. Paragraph 3________2. Paragraph 4_________3. Paragraph 5_________4. Paragraph 6_________A）Rich resources of the stateB）Connections with the outside worldC）Transportation problemD）The natives of the landE）Cold climateF）Land and population5. For as long as three months of a year，the sun ________ on the ice-covered land of Alaska.6. According to statistics，_________ of the total area of Alaska has been used for farming.7. Alaska was originally part of Russia，but was bought _______.8. Gold did not bring to Alaska as much wealth__________A. as fish doesB. because of its rich natural resourcesC. by the United States in the 19th centuryD. shines day and nightE. only a very small percentageF. a limited amount of the gold found there.KEY：FDCADECA词汇：symbolize /'simtolaiz/ v.象征fur-bearing /fai'besnq/ adj.有毛皮的peninsular /pe'ninsjub/ n.半岛lumber "lAmb^r) / 伐木，木材hectare /'hektaiCr)/ n.公顷pulp /pAlp/ n.木衆range /reind。