翻译练习 if条件状语从句 含答案

英语每日一练——if引导宾语从句和条件状语从句的区别【考点分析】宾语从句是9AU2和U3重点语法，状语从句是9AU4-7的重点语法，都是中考的重点。

而if引导的条件状语从句是我们从初一就开始接触的。

把if引导的两种从句结合考查，能够直接反映出学生对复合句的掌握情况，成为近几年模拟考试的趋势。

【典型例题】1.---I'm wondering if you __________ to my party tomorrow evening.--- I will surely attend your party if I __________ free then. (2018郑外9A10月月考)A. will come; amB. come; will beC. will come; will beD. come; am【易错点】1.分辨不出宾语从句和状语从句2.混淆宾语从句和状语从句的时态规则【解题方法】1）翻译句子：---我想知道你是否参加来我明晚的聚会。

---如果我那时有空，我一定会去的。

2）判断从句：问句中if翻译成是否，则引导宾语从句；答句中if翻译成如果，则引导条件状语从句。

3）判断时态：宾语从句时态原则“主过从必过，主现从不限，真理永不变。

”问句中主句是一般现在时，宾语从句时态不受限制，按照句意而定。

根据关键词tomorrow evening，应该用一般将来时，所以排除BD选项。

条件状语从句时态原则“主将从现”，答句中主句是一般将来时，状语从句用一般现在时，所以排除C。

综合分析本题选A【练习巩固】1. --- Bill, do you know if Shawn __________ to Christmas party this Friday?--- He will make it if his flight from New York __________ in Xiamen on time. (2019厦门9A期中模拟)A. comes; arrivesB. comes; will arriveC. will come; arrivesD. will come; will arrive2. --- I wonder if you __________ to go swimming.--- I'm not sure. But I will tell you if my father __________ to let me join you. (2017南京育英二外U3单元测)A. will be allowed; will agreeB. are allowed; will agreeC. will allow; will agreeD. will be allowed; agrees3. --- I don’t know if I __________ to her birthday party next Sunday. If I __________, I will be happy.--- Oh, yes. I bought it in a store on the Internet. (2017西安第一中学9A期中)A. will invite; inviteB. invite; will inviteC. will be invited; will be invitedD. will be invited; am invited【答案解析】1.【答案】C1）翻译句子：---你知道肖恩这周五是否会来参加圣诞派对吗？---他会来的，如果他的航班准时从纽约到厦门。

条件状语从句:1.只要你不在乎乘夜班车, 你就可以提前赶到北京去开会。

You can arrive in Beijing earlier for the meeting provoded you don’t mind taking the night train.2. 如果这所大学没有一个好声誉, 我也不会来了If this university didn’t have such a good reputation, I would not have come here.3.如果各个地方都一样, 就不需要地理学家了。

If places were alike, there would be little need for geographers.4.我们不知道他的电话号码, 否则我们早打他电话了。

We didn't know his telephone number, otherwise we would have phoned him earlier。

5.琼不想马上就工作, 她认为要是找了工作, 就不能经常探访她的朋友了。

Jean doesn't want to work right away because she thinks that if she were tp get a job she probably wouldn't be able to visit her friends frequently.6.如果你昨晚没有跟汤姆一起去聚会的话, 那么你就可以见到约翰了。

If you hadn’t gone with Tom to the party last night, you would have met John7、如果我认识乔治, 那么我会向他借点钱。

I would ask George to lend me some money if I knew him.8.无论她贫穷还是富有, 我都会娶她。

If 引导的条件状语从句1. If you copy my homework this time, you will start a bad habit.2. I’ll ask the teacher for help if I don’t understand.3. If the traffic lights are red, you must stop and wait.4. You can pass the exam if you work hard= Work hard, and you will pass the exam.5. If you don’t hurry up, you will be late again.= Hurry up, or you will be late again.[要点演绎]◆结构：if是从属连词，意为“如果”，用来引导条件状语从句。

if引导的条件状语从句既可放在主句之前，也可放在主句之后。

从句位于主句之前时，常用逗号将其与主句隔开。

如1、3、5。

◆时态：主句用一般将来时（如句1、2）或主句谓语中含情态动词（如must, can, could, should等，如句3、4）时，if引导的条件状语从句用一般现在时表示将来意义。

◆变换：含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中，当主句主语和从句主语均为you时，可转换为“祈使句，and + 简单句（如句4）”或“祈使句，or + 简单句（如句5）”。

[学以致用]将下列句子翻译成英语。

1. 如果明天不下雨，我就和同学们去野餐。

2. 如果周日你去购物的话，我就去。

3. 如果你想减肥（lose weight），就锻炼身体吧。

4. 如果冬天来了，春天还会远吗？5. 如果可能的话，我就去火车站接你。

Key：1. If it doesn’t rain tomorrow, I will have a picnic with my classmates.2. I will go shopping on Sunday if you do.3. Take some exercise if you want to lose weight.4. If winter comes, can spring be far behind?5. If (i t is) possible, I’ll meet you at the train station.。

重点、难点之宇文皓月创作1. 含有if引导的条件状语从句的复合句中主从句的时态。

2. If引导的宾语从句与条件状语从句的区别。

考情分析通常在单项选择、完形填空或补全、完成句子等题型中考查，分值约3—4分。

知能提升（一）知识讲解【认知讲解】I. if引导的宾语从句if 引导宾语从句时，意思为：是否，从句的时态通常要和主句坚持一致。

【例句】I want to know if he lives there. 我想知道他是否住在那儿。

He asked me if I could help him. 他问我是否能帮他。

【考查点】if、whether引导的宾语从句的区别1. if或whether引导宾语从句时，作“是否”讲，常放在动词ask、see、say、know和find out等后面。

一般情况下，两者常可换用，在口语中多用if。

【例句】Nobody knows whether / if it will rain tomorrow.没有人知道明天是否下雨。

Lucy asked whether / if they had a cotton sweater.露西问他们是否有棉制的毛衣。

2. if或whether引导宾语从句时，要注意三个方面，即连词、语序和时态。

if或whether既不克不及和that 或其他连词（副词）同时使用，也不克不及省略。

【例句】我不知道他今天是否会来。

[误]I don’t know that if(whether) he will come here today.[正]I don’t know if(whether) he will come heretoday.他走过来看看猫是否出了毛病。

[误] He came to see what if (whether) there was anything wrong with his cat .[正] He came to see if (whether) there was anything wrong with his cat .if或whether引导宾语从句时，虽具有疑问的意义，但其从句应用陈述句的语序。

if引导的条件状语从句（讲义及解析）状语用来表示行为发生的时刻、地点、目的、方式、程度等，通常由副词或介词短语充当，也可由一个句子充当。

I slept at home yesterday because I had a bad cold.状语从句状语从句指句子作状语。

依照其作用可分为时刻、地点、缘故、条件、目的、结果、让步、方式等从句。

状语从句一样由连词(从属连词)引导。

I will go to school by bike tomorrow if it is sunny.Grammar focus—I think I’ll take the bus to the party.—If you do, you’ll be late.If you take the bus to the party, you’ll be late.—I think I’ll stay at home.—If you do, you’ll be sorry.If you stay at home, you’ll be sorry.—What will happen if they have the party today?—If they have it today, half the class won’t come.—Should we ask people to bring food?—If we ask people to bring food, they’ll just bring potato chips and chocol ate.if 在本单元句中意为“；”，用于引导即 if 引导的是一个完整的句子，因此一定要有主谓，成为从句，另一个句子则成为主句。

If you go there, I’ll go, too.We will go hiking if it doesn’t rain tomorrow.If Bob leaves tomorrow, I will hold a party for him tonight.if 引导的条件状语从句既能够放在主句前，也可放在主句后。

if引导的条件状语从句1) 用法：(1)条件状语从句通常由连词if引导，意为“如果、假如”，主句不能用be going to表示将来，而应该用shall，will。

If you leave now, you are never going to regret it. (错误)If you leave now, you will never regret it. (正确)(2)if “如果”，引导条件状语从句，主句用一般将来时，从句则用一般现在时，如：If it rains tomorrow, I shan’t climb the hills.(3)另外，主句是祈使句或含有情态动词，从句也用一般现在时。

如：Please call me if he comes next Sunday.Can you call the policeman if you are in the trouble.注意宾语从句中的if与条件状语从句if的区别。

宾语从句中的if“是否”相当于whether，引导宾语从句，时态需根据语境确定。

如果主句用一般现在时，从句可以根据具体情况选用时态，如果主句用一般过去时，从句必须用过去式的某种形式。

I don't know if it will rain tomorrow. 我不知道明天是否会下雨。

Our teacher said there was going to be a football match the next month.我们说下月将有场足球比赛。

【边学边做】用括号内所给词的正确形式填空。

1. What will you buy if you ________（have）a lot of money?2. If it __________（not snow）tomorrow, we will feel unhappy.3. You mustn’t go to school if you ________（be）still in bed.4. If he _______（be）at home at that time, he would know it.5. Please show me the way if you ________（know）it.6. You will hurt your teeth if you ________（eat）too much candy.7. If you gave me a toy car, I _________（be）very happy.8. I would get the prize if I _________（work）hard.9．If she ______ (finish ) work early ,she ______(go) home.10．If the weather______（be）fine，we_______(go)for a walk .11. If I_____(have) time tonight ,I _______(finish) the book I’m reading.12. If it ______(rain) next weekend , we_______(not be able to ) plant the vegetable .13. If it_______(rain),we______(stay) at home .14.If she______(arrive) ,she _____(phone) me .15. If he_____(call),tell him I’ll ring back .if 条件状语从句的时态练习一．在正确的答案下划一条线。

1. _______, you would have seen your favorite movie star.A. If you arrived earlierB. If you had arrived earlierC. Unless you arrived earlierD. Unless you had arrived earlier【翻译】如果你早点到的话,你就会看到你最喜爱的电影明星了。

【精析】 B 本句是 If 引导的条件状语从句表示对过去情况的假设。

其形式为从句：if+主语+had+过去分词+其他，主句：主语+should/would/could/might+have+过去分词，根据题中主句的结构可知选 B 。

2. The driver’s carelessness _______the death of three passengers.A. resulted fromB. resulted inC. came acrossD. came about【翻译】司机的粗心驾驶致使三名乘客死亡。

［考点］词组辨析【精析】 B result from: 因为，由于；result in:导致，致使；come across: （偶然）遇见，被理解；come about: 发生。

根据句意选 B 。

3. In England,tea_______with milk and sugar.A. is servingB. is servedC. servesD. served【翻译】在英国，茶是要配着牛奶和糖一起上的。

【精析】 B serve sth.with sth. 意为“某物搭配某物一起提供”。

本句中 tea（茶）是被提供的，因此用被动语态。

4. Written in great haste,_______.A. the secretary made a lot of mistakes in the reportB. there were a lot of mistakes in the reportC. we found a lot of mistakes in the reportD. the report was full of mistakes【翻译】由于写得比较匆忙，所以整个报告错误百出。

语法专练：if引导的条件状语从句一、单项选择1. If I _____ where he lived, I _____ a note to him.A. know, would have sentB. had known, would have sentC. know, would sendD. knew, would have sent2. Mary is ill today. If she _____, she _____ absent from school.A. were not ill; wouldn’t beB. had been ill; wouldn’t have beenC. had been ill; should have beenD. hadn’t been ill; could be3. If people _____ polluting the air, animals and plants will die soon.A. don’t stopB. didn’t stopC. shall not stopD. haven’t stopped4. If you had enough money, what _____?A. will you buyB. would you buyC. would you have boughtD. will you have bought5. If Mr. Young _____ with justice, he _____ such a wrong thing.A. were treated; woul dn’t doB. had been treated; wouldn’t have doneC. were treated; wouldn’t have doneD. had been treated; wouldn’t do6. What _____ if there _____ no light during the day?A. will happen; wasB. would happen; isC. happens; wereD. would happen; were7. If Henry had not pulled his cap low over his brow, he _____ by the police.A. might be recognizedB. might have been recognizedC. would have recognizedD. was to have been recognized8. I don’t know if he _____ this afternoon. But if he _____, I will tell you.A. will come; will do;B. comes; will doC. will come; doesD. comes; does9. Many Chinese movie stars now have given up their Chinese nationality. If I were them, I _____ that.A. shouldn’t doB. didn’t doC. hadn’t doneD. won’t do10. Ask him to ring me up if you _____ him.A. seeB. sawC. would seeD. will see二、翻译句子1. 要是我哥哥在这儿，一切都没问题了。

（英语）英语状语从句解题技巧及练习题(含答案)及解析一、初中英语状语从句1．—Dear, I have an important meeting tomorrow.—It doesn’t matter. If you _______ go to the movie tomorrow, I _______ my friend to go with me. A．don’t; will ask B．won’t; will askC．don’t; ask D．won’t; ask【答案】A【解析】试题分析: 句意：亲爱的，明天我有个重要的会议。

没关系，如果明天你不能去看电影，我就邀请我的朋友和我一起去。

此题考查if引导的条件状语从句，主句一般将来时，从句一般现在时；故选A。

考点：考查动词时态。

2．I have to leave now __ I can catch the last bus.A．so that B．because of C．until D．as soon as【答案】A【解析】试题分析：so that以便，所以；because of因为，由于；until直到；as soon as一……就……。

句意：为了赶上末班车，我现在必须离开了。

结合语境可知选A。

考点：连词辨析点评：连词在句子中主要起联系上下文的作用，他们之间的区别就是表示逻辑关系的不同，所以在解题时先要理解上下文含义，然后根据上下文逻辑关系选择合适的连词。

连词的用法都比较多，语义之间还有交叉，熟记其基本应用规则，了解其区别，注意固定搭配对象，是做好此类题型的关键。

3．—How do you like your new school, Kate?—It is very clean and beautiful ____it is a bit small.A．if B．since C．unless D．although【答案】D【解析】试题分析：句意：--凯特，你觉得你的新学校怎么样？--尽管它有点小，但是它非常的干净，美丽。