20世纪美国作家作品
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American drama
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尤金·奥尼尔Eugene o’Neill(1888-1953),America’s greatest playwright. 《天边外》Beyond the Horizon, 《琼斯皇》The Emperor Jones(1920), 《安娜·克
里斯蒂》Anna Christie(1921),《毛猿》The Hairy Ape(1922),《榆树下的欲望》Desire under the Elms(1924),《上帝的儿女都有翅膀》All God’s Chillun Got Wings(1924),
《大神布朗》The Great God Brown(1926), 《奇异的插曲》Strange Interlude (1928),
《马可百万》Marco Millions (1928),《送冰的人来了》The Iceman Cometh(1946), 《进入黑夜的漫长旅程》Long Day’s Journey into Night (1956)
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One of the most distinguished playwrights who remained in evidence for over four
decades on the American stage was 赖斯 Elmer Rice (1892-1967), author of the well-known play 《计算器》The Adding Machine.
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奥德兹Clifford Odets (1906-1963) may not be the best craftsman of the group, but his ability to impress was remarkable . 《等待老左》Waiting for lefty . Till the Day I Die, Paradise Lost , and《醒来歌唱》
Awake and Sing . 4
Postwar American drama has been said to begin with the staging of The Glass
Menagerie in 1945 .
Its author, 田纳西·威廉斯Tennessee Williams (1911-1983) , has certainly become
one of the greatest American dramatists to go down in the country’s literary history . 《玻璃动物园》The Glass Menagerie 1944
《欲望号街车》A Streetcar Named Desire (1947), a Pulitzer Prize-winning play , introduces both violence and sexual abnormality . 《热铁皮屋顶上的猫》Cat on a
Hot Tin Roof (1955)
5 Another great dramatist to come out of the 1940s is 阿瑟·米勒Arthur
Miller(1915-)who has , along with Tennessee Williams , led the postwar new drama . 《推销员之死》 Death of a Salesman (1947) , his masterpiece
《严峻的考验》The Crucible (1953) and 《桥头眺望》A View from the Bridge
(1955) 6
爱德华·阿尔比Edward Albee (1928-) 《谁害怕弗吉尼亚· 沃尔夫》Who’s Afraid of Virginia Woolf
Albee has been linked with the traditions of the Theater of the Absurd which came
into vogue in the 1950s and 1960s.
Post American Novel(I)
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(犹太作家)索尔·贝娄Saul Bellow (1915-2005) 《晃来晃去的人》Dangling Man (1944),《受害者》 The Victim (1947), 《只争朝夕》 Seize the Day (1956),《奥
吉·玛琪历险记》The Adventures of Augie March (1953),《洪堡的礼物》Humboldt’s
Gift (1975)
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One of the most ambitious writers of this period is perhaps(犹太作家) 诺曼·梅勒Norman Mailer (1923-) , who has , by virtue of his enormous imagination and
immense literary output , become part of the American consciousness . 《裸者与死者》The Naked and the Dead 1948, his best work . 《美国梦》An
American Dream (1965>
3 塞林格D. Salinger (1919-) 《麦田里的守望者》The Catcher in the Rye,
4 (犹太作家)Bernard Malamud (1914-1986) has been regarded as one of the major
writers of the Jewish group in the postwar period. 5
(现实主义作家)约翰·厄普代克John Updike (1923-) is a prolific writer of the period under discussion . But he is best known for his “Rabbit” pentalogy : 《兔子,跑吧》Rabbit , Run (1960) ,
《兔子归来》Rabbit Redux (1971) , 《兔子富了》Rabbit Is Rich (1981) , 《兔子安息》Rabbit at Rest (1990) , and Licks of Love (2000)
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Mention should be made of(现实主义作家)约翰·奇弗 John Cheever (1912-1982). His best stories are collected in 《约翰·奇弗小说集》The Stories of John Cheever
(1978) 7
During the period under discussion southern literature continues to grow with the
painstaking efforts of (南方文学作家) 弗兰纳里·奥康纳 Flannery O’Connor
(1925-1964). 《好人难寻》A Good Man Is Hard to Find
Post War American Novel(II)--- The Postmodernist Novel
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(黑色幽默小说家)约瑟夫·海勒Joseph Heller (1923-1999), the most prominent American novelist of the absurd in the postwar period . 《第二十二条军规》Catch-22 9.
库特·冯尼古特Kurt Vonnegut (1922-) is basically a science fiction writer . 《第五屠宰场》Slaughterhouse-Five in 1969 10.
(黑色幽默小说家)肯·凯西Ken Kesey (1935-) . 《飞越疯人院》One Flew Over the Cuckoo’s Nest (1962) 11.
托马斯·品钦Thomas Pynchon (1937-) is one of the contemporary writers whose life is little known . 《万有引力之虹》Gravity’s Rainbow (1973)
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(垮掉的一代作家) 威廉·巴罗斯William Burroughs(1914-1997) and 杰克·凯鲁
亚克Jack Kerouac (1922-1969) . Burroughs’s most wellknown novel is《裸体午餐》 The Naked Lunch . Jack Kerouac has been noted, and will continue to be , for his book ,《在路上》On the
Road(1957)
African American writers
1.詹姆斯·鲍德温James Baldwin (1924-1987) Go Tell It on the Mountain 《向苍天呼吁》 1953 2.理查德·赖特Richard Wright(1908-1960) Native Son 《土生子》(1940)
3.拉而夫·埃利森Ralph Ellison(1914-1994) Invisible Man 《看不见的人》(1952)
4.托尼·莫里森Toni Morrison (1931-)《最蓝的眼睛》The Bluest Eye《宠儿》 Beloved《所罗门之歌》Song of Solomon
5.Alice Walker 《紫色》The Color Purple.