特殊句式补充讲义
考点一一、倒装
英语句子的自然语序是主语在前，谓语动词在后。把谓语动词或助动词放在主语之前，就叫倒装结构。如果全部谓语放在主语之前，叫完全倒装；如果只把助动词或情态动词放在主语之前，就叫部分倒装。
一.完全倒装：全部倒装是将句子中的谓语动词全部置于主语之前。
（一）补充：引导词there引出倒装句，用于此结构的动词有：be/appear/come/exist/happen/lie/live/occur/remain/seem/stand等结构: there+谓语+主语
例句：There exist many problems among the students.
There lies an old temple near our village. ]
（二）：（详见5+3p109）当主语是名词，以here/there/now/then/above/below /away/back/in/out/up/down/off/over/on the wall/in the room等词位于句首以示强调，常用此结构的动词有：be/go/come/exist/follow/remain/lie等
结构：副词+谓语+主语
例句：Here comes the bus. /Away he went./Here it is.
注意：如果句子主语是人称代词时则无需倒装。
（三）：such （5+3p109）
（四）补充：表语（形容词，介词短语，现在分词，过去分词）位于句首，以保持句子平衡或表示强调，常用倒装。
结构：表语+be+主语]
例句：Present at the meeting were experts from Europe.
Gone are the days when my heart was young and gay.
二．部分倒装：部分倒装是指将谓语的一部分，如助动词或情态倒装至主语之前。如果句子的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do, does或did，并将其置于主语之前。(详见5+3 p109-111)
(一) 句首为否定或半否定的词语，如no, not, never, seldom, little, hardly, at no time, in no way, by no
means, not until…,not only… but also…, hardly /scarcely…when…, no sooner…than… 等。
注意：1.当Not until引导主从复合句，主句倒装，从句不倒装。注意：如否定词不在句首不倒装。
2.Not only…but also…连接两个分句时，在第一个分句用倒装结构,第二个分句不倒装。如果置
于句首的Not only… but also…仅连接两个并列词语，不可用倒装结构。
3.补充：hardly /scarcely…when, no sooner…than注意时态的搭配,no sooner 和hardly/scarcely
所在的句子的谓语动词用过去完成时，than和when 所引导的句子用一般过去时
(二)补充：在虚拟语气条件句中从句谓语动词有were, had, should等词，可将if 省
略，把were, had, should 移到主语之前，采取部分倒装。
例句：Were I you, I would help you.
Had you come earlier, you would have met him.
(三) 补充：in such a hurry 置于句首，部分倒装
例句：In such a hurry was he that everyone got bored.]
(四) 补充：To such…表程度的词组位于句首时，部分倒装
例句：To such a degree was he excited that he couldn’t fall asleep that night.]
(五) 在某些表示祝愿的句型中。
例句：May you all be happy!
Long live our friendship!
二、强调
一．一种结构It+ be+被强调成分+that/who+其他成分
两个be（is/was）
三个连词(that/who/whom)
四种句式变化：1.一般疑问句和反意疑问句形式(补充)
Was it in 1969 that the American astronauts succeeded in landing on the moon.
It was Alice who/that sent the old man to the ho spital, wasn’t it?
2. 特殊疑问句形式(5+3p112)
3. 感叹句形式
What a beautiful picture it is (that) you have drawn!
4. 省略句形式（补充）
---Who is making so much noise in the garden?---It is the boys.
五类复杂结构：强调句与宾从，主从，同位语从句，定从和时间状从德结合，加大了句子结构复杂程度和句意理解难度。（补充）
1.与宾从的结合
2.与主从的结合It is what you do rather than what you say that matters.
3.与同位语从句的结合It was at the very beginning that Mr. Fox made the decision that we should send
more firefighters there.
4.与定从的结合Was it in the village where we used to live that the accident happened?
5.与not…until…时间状语从句的结合(5+3p112).Com]
注意：强调句型与其他相似句型的区别（5+3p112）
二．谓语动词的强调见5+3P113
三．补充：on earth / in the world + 疑问词表强调：
Where on earth / in the world did you go last night?
高考英语特殊句式公司内部编号：（GOOD-TMMT-MMUT-UUPTY-UUYY-DTTI-
高考英语特殊句式 2012,11，28 一．强调句型：“It is/was＋被强调的部分＋that/who＋原句其他部分”。被强调的部分为“人”时用who/that，否则都用that。注意：被强调部分不能是谓语动词。 It was on Monday night that all this happened. It’s me who he blamed. It was what you did that made me satisfied. It is I who/that am in charge of the factory. 【考点一】考查not ... until 结构的强调句，其结构为It is/was not until+被强调部分+that+其他部分。 ①It ______ we had stayed together for a couple of weeks ______ I found we had a lot in common. A. was until; when B. was until; that C. wasn’t until; when D. wasn’ t until; that 【考点二】考查复合句中的强调句型 ②Was it _____ he was seriously ill that he didn’t come to school yesterday? ③______ he came back home that we knew what had happened. A. When it was B. It was when C. Was it when D. When was 【考点三】考查强调句的特殊疑问句
高中英语语法讲义第二讲——特殊句式 倒装句 通常句式为自然语序“主语+谓语”，有时为了强调句子的某一部分，或者出于词汇用法、语法结构或修辞上的需要，将这种比较固定的语序加以颠倒，就形成了倒装。分为完全倒装，部分倒装和形式倒装。 一.完全倒装：谓语动词完全置于主语之前，主语为名词不为代词，谓语不用进行时。 1.一些表示地点、时间或方位等的副词或介词短语。如：here, there, now, then, up, down ,in, out, away, off, in the room, on the wall等置于句首。 Down came the rain and up went the umbrella. Then followed three days of heavy rain. Out rushed the children laughing loudly. Away flew the plane. 2.such 位于句首。 Such was Albert Einstein, a simple man and the 20th century’s greatest sc ientist. 注：此句型中的such多被认为是表语，所以such后的be动词应与其后真正的主语保持一致。 Such are the facts; no one can deny them. 二．部分倒装：只把谓语的一部分（助动词，情态动词或be动词）置于主语之前 1.so+ be 动词/ 助动词/ 情态动词+主语，意为“...也是如此”。 They love making lots of friends; so do I. 2.neither/nor+ be动词/助动词/情态动词+主语，意为“...也不这样”。 Lily can’t ride a bicycle; neither/nor can Lucy. 3.否定词never, seldom, nor, not, little, hardly, scarcely等或表示否定意义的介词短语at no time, under/in no circumstances, in no case, by no means, on no condition 等置于句首时。 Not a single mistake did he make. =He d idn’t make a single mistake. 4.only 修饰副词、介词短语或状语从句，且放在句首时。 Only then did I begin to understand him. Only in this way can we solve the problem. Only after the war did he learn the sad news. 5.so...that...和such...that...句式中，so或such及其所修饰的部分置于句首时，主句用部分倒装。 So clearly does he speak English that he can always make himself understood Such progress did he make that he won much respect.
高考英语特殊句式试题 第十三节特殊句式第一部分六年高考题荟萃 2010年高考题 1. （10安徽27） It was from only a few supplies that she had bought in the village _______ the hostess cooked such a nice dinner. A. where B. that C. when D. which 答案：B. 考点：本题考查强调句型。解析：迷惑点在于强调部分中含有一个定语从句that she had bought in the village。 2. （10湖南25） John's success has nothing to do with good luck. It is years of hard work has made him what he is today. A. why B. when C. which D. that 答案：D 考点：考查强调句型。解析：题干为强调句型，被强调部分为years of hard work，故选D项。 3. （10全国Ⅰ26） I have seldom seen my mother _______ pleased with my progress as she is now . A. so B. very C. too D. rather 答案：A 句意：我很少看到妈妈像现在一样为我的进步如此开心。解答：此题考察so…as….的固定结构，题干中的关键词是as，译为“像…..一样，正如….. 一样”。因此选择A。 4. （10江苏31）―I have tried very hard to find a solution to the problem, but in vain. w_w w. k#s5_u.c o*m ―why not consult with Frank? You see, _________. A. great minds think alike B. two heads are better than one C. a bird in the hand is worth two in the bush D. it’s better to think twice before doing something 答案：B. 解析：B 表示三个臭皮匠凑成诸葛亮./ A 英雄所见略同./C 一鸟在手胜于二鸟在林./ D.三思而后行. 5．（10四川19） If you have a job，yourself to it and finally you’ll succeed． A．do devote B．don't devote C．devoting D．not devoting 答案：A 考点：考查谓语动词的强调及“祈使句+and+将来时句子”的固定搭配。解析：此处应是祈使句，又有谓语动词的强调要借助助动词do，故选A。句意为：“如果你有了一份工作，付出努力去做它，最后你定能成功。” 6.（10陕西17） . John opened the door . There _____ he had never seen before. A. a girl did stand B. a girl stood C. did a girl stand D. stood a girl 答案：D. 解析：考查特殊句式。Here, There, Thus, Then等副词位于句首，
2019年中考英语语法复习方案13《特殊句式》 【趋势解读】 初中阶段特殊句式的考查主要是对感叹句、存在句、倒装句、反意疑问句、省略句的考查，考生需牢记与其相关的句型才能正确做题。其中，倒装句与省略句的考查往往难度较大，是考生容易忽视与出错的知识点。预计中考及自主招生关于本专题知识命题趋势如下: 各地中考时态考查的热点为感叹句、存在句与反意疑问句。而自主招生考试对这6类句式都有可能涉及，又主要考查反意疑问句的特殊结构、倒装句、强调句及省略句，对考生要求较高，分值为2~5分。 【思维引导】 精彩笔记1 so, neither倒装句型 倒装属于语法中语序的范畴。自然语序基本是主语在前谓语在后，那么倒装语序是谓语在前，主语在后。完全倒装即将谓语的全部(主要是指其实义动词)置于主语之前;部分倒装是指只将谓语的一部分(系动词、助动词和情态动词)置于主语之前，实义动词仍然保留在主语之后。 (1) Lucy is a good student, and so is Lily.露西是好学生，莉莉也是(好学生)。 “so+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”依附于肯定句，表示前边的肯定情况也适用于后边的人(或物)，意为“……也……”。 (2) If you do not go swimming, neither shall I.如果你不去游泳，我也不去。 “neither+be/助动词/情态动词+主语”依附于否定句，表示前边的否定情况也适用于后边的人(或物)，意为“……也不……”。 核心题根1 (1)—I hear Yang Yan made an English speech at the graduation ceremony yesterday.—，and. A. So she did; so did I B. So did she; so I did C. So she was; so I was D. So was she; so I was 思路点拨:①句意:一我听说杨艳在昨天的毕业典礼上作了一场英语演 讲。一确实如此，而且我也演讲了。根据题意，应该是前者表确认、肯定，意为 “的确如此”，而后者意为“……也做了”。②C, D是错误的选项，上句中 “made”是实义动词，后面的倒装句的助动词要与其保持一致。③“她确实如 此”要用so she did，用来表达对前面情况的肯定、确认，不能倒装。 (2)—I haven't seen the film Pirates of the Caribbean: On Stranger Tides. 一. A. Neither have I B. So have I C. Neither I have D. So I have 思路点拨:句意:一我没有看过《加勒比海盗:惊涛怪浪》这部电影。一我也没看过。由题意可知这里是表示否定的回答，当用neither时，要用倒装句形式。 (3)—Maggie had a wonderful time at the party. 一，and so did I. A. So she had B. So had she C. So she did D. So did she 思路点拨:句意:—Maggie在晚会上玩得很高兴。一她确实玩得很高兴，我也玩得很高兴。so引起的省略句，表示与前句肯定的内容呼应，与前面内容一致时，要用倒装结构，即“so+助动词(be/情态动词)+主语”。本题答语中的and so did I就是这种结构。而空白处是对前面所说话的确认、同意或肯定，因此不用倒装。注意:“had”在题干中不是助动词。 易错警示 “so/neither+助动词/be/情态动词+主语+谓语”句型中的“be/助动词/情态动词”在形式
单项填空特殊句式 1．It's necessary that not only________to see a doctor but also have a good rest. A．will Bob go B．Bob will go C．should Bob go D．Bob should go C[考查虚拟语气和倒装。句意：鲍勃不仅要去看医生，还要休息好，这是必要的。在“It's necessary that...”句型中，主语从句常用“should＋动词原形”；本题的主语从句中，not only置于句首，因此用部分倒装语序。] 2．Anne lost her wallet and mother wasn't surprised that________as she was too careless. A．she was so B．so was she C．so did she D．she did so D[考查省略句。句意：安妮丢了钱包，(她的)妈妈对此毫不惊讶因为她太粗心了。根据语境及句中的“Anne lost her wallet”可知，此处为省略句，do so常用来表示同一主语的同一动作，可以替代动词加宾语。故本句中谓语动词应用did so代替lost her wallet。故选D项。] 3．It is not only blind men who make such stupid mistakes.People who can see sometimes act________． A．just foolishly B．less foolishly C．as foolishly D．so foolishly C[考查固定用法和省略句。句意：犯这样愚蠢的错误的不只是盲人。看得见的人有时表现得(和盲人)一样愚蠢。本句考查了as ...as ...结构，含义为“和……一样……”。句中省略了as blind men，补充完整则为．..act as foolishly as blind men。] 4．In any case，parents should make clear what，________，the child is expected to pay for with the pocket money. A．if ever B．if so C．if any D．if anything D[考查省略句。句意：在任何情况下，父母都应该明确，要说有什么的话，他们期望孩子用零花钱来支付什么。if ever意为“假如，要是”；if so
特殊句式集锦 1. It (all) depends:视情况而定 2. It ’s up to sb (to do sth):由某人决定（做某事） ——Shall we go to the art exhibition? ——It ’s up to you. 3. It ’s time ?? ?? ???++v) should （that sth do to sb for sth for sth do to 用过去时或从句 4. It is no use/good/point/sense (in) doing sth. 做某事没有用处/益处/意义/意思 It is no point arguing with him about it. 和他争论这事没有意义。 5. ? ????++??++”“： before It was ”：“ before be It will 过了多久才从句一段时间还得过多久才从句一段时间 It will be long before we meet each other again. 还要过很久我们才能再次见面。 It was two years before he came back from abroad. 过了两年后他才回国。 6. ? ????++??++”“： before t It wasn'”“： before be t It won'了不久以后就从句一段时间不多久就会从句一段时间 It won’t be bong before you realize the importance of learning English well. 7. It is /has been + 一段时间 + since 从句（过去时） 自从……以来有多久了 It is years since I enjoyed myself so much. 我有好多年都没有玩得这么开心了。 8. It is /was + 被强调成分 + that: 强调句型 It was at midnight that I got back home yesterday. 昨天午夜我回到了家里。 9. It is/was + 时间 + when 从句。 it 指时间，作主语。 It was midnight when I got back home yesterday. 当我昨天回到家里时，已经是午夜了。 10. It + 特殊动词 + that 从句 （1）It happened that …… 碰巧…… It happened that I saw him at the meeting. 碰巧我在会议上见到了他。 （2）It occurred to sb that …… 某人突然想起 It occurred to me that I had several problems to solve. 我突然想起我还有几个亟待解决的问题。 （3）It impressed sb that …… ……令某人钦佩 It impresses me so much that you can still remember my name after these years. 这么多年以后你仍能记得我的名字真令我钦佩之至。 （4）It turned out that …… 结果是，原来是，证明是 It turned out that he was a thief. 原来他是个贼。 11. ”“ why s That' wonder No wonder no is It ???? ? ????? ??难怪 He hasn ’t slept for three nights. It is no wonder he is so tired now. 他有三夜没有睡觉了，难怪现在如此疲惫。 12. There is no need to do sth. 没有必要做某事 There is no need to wait for him. 13.?? ?+主句 从句 doubt, without doubt that small no/little/ is There 毫无疑问，…… There is no doubt that she will win the game = Without doubt, she will win the game. 14. A is to B what C is to D. A 对于B 犹如C 对于D 。 Air is to us what water is to fish. 空气对于我们犹如水对于鱼。 15. Chances are that …… 很可能…… Chances are that he has already heard the news. 很可能他已经听到这个消息了。 16. ”“ by, going With time by,by/went goes time As ??? ?? ?? ?????，随着时间的推移 As time went by, I came to know how to use the computer. 随着时间的推移，我慢慢地知道了如何使用电脑。 17. the + 比较级 ……，the + 比较级 …… 越……，越就…… The more you talked, the less attention he paid to you.. 你说得越多，他越不注意听你讲。 18. “倍数”句型： B of n the is A (3)B than adj is A (2)B as adj as is A )1(?? ? ??+++++++++++++倍数比较级倍数倍数
LESSON ONE 句子的三种模式 导言本课的重点是掌握英语的三种基本句型，注意词性和词序，以及定语的位置,同时注意中英文表达上的相同和不相同的地方。三种基本句型虽然简单，但至关重要。掌握好它们，在今后的学习中有一通百通之效。 ▲主+系动词+表 注：*注意该结构中的名词，它们能被定语修饰。 1 这个人是一个老师。The man is a teacher. 主语系表语主语系表语（名词） 2 他（是）很忙。He is busy. 主语系表语主语系表语（形容词） ▲注意中文中的系动词经常被省略,而英文中绝不能省。 3 她（是）在教室里。She is in the classroom.
主语系表语主语系表语（介词短语） ▲定语只修饰名词，不破坏句子的基本结构。通常由形容词和介词短语充当，形容词放在所修饰的名词之前，而介词短语放在所修饰的名词之后，请注意英语与汉语词序的不同。看懂中文的定语是翻译好定语的关键。 介词短语 ---英国法学家波洛克 介词短语 Happiness is a station -----------Pollock, British jurist 形容词介词短语 5 形容词介词短语 man is a teacher 介词短语形容词
6.教室里。 形容词介词短语 The teacher is handsome. My book is 表语（介词短语）定语（介词短语） She is 介词短语即可以做表语也可以做定语，虽然它们词性相同，但由于词序不同，它们所起到的作用也不同，当在is的后面是表语,跟在名词的后面它就起到定语的作用。 课堂练习 1 1是
……○…………外…………○…………装…………○…………订…………○…………线…………○…………学校 :_ _ __ _ __ _ __ _姓 名：_ _ __ _ __ _ __ _班 级：_ _ __ _ __ _ __ _考 号：_ _ __ _ __ _ __ _ … … ○ … … … … 内 … … … … ○ … … …… 装 … … … …○ … … … … 订 … … … … ○ … ………线…………○…………高中英语特殊句式练习题 1．Word came ______ our duties would be changed. A. that B. which C. whether D. when 2．Every year a great number of foreign tourists pay a visit to _____ we Chinese call Heaven Lake. A. where B. which C. what D. that 3．A warm thought suddenly came to me ______ I might use the picket money to buy some flowers for my mother’s birthday. A. if B. when C. that D. which 4．When ________ questions in class, one should answer them as clearly as possible. A ．asking B ．to ask C ．to be asked D ．asked 5．It is the first time that we ________ a film in the cinema together as a family ． A ．see B. had seen C ．saw D ．have seen 7．After the exam, my teacher told me that failure ____ the mother of success. A. was B. is C. be D. been 8．It was only when I reread his poems recently ______ I began to appreciate their beauty. A. that B. until C. then D. so 10．Our teacher said to us that the earth _________ around the sun. A. travelled B. travels C. is traveling D. was traveling 12．The Frenchman pointed to the spoon and asked me ＿＿＿to call that in Chinese. A. whether B. where C. which D. what 13．—Dock doesn't know much about computers. — . A.So he did B.So does Mary C.Neither do I D.Nor will Mary 14．Before I left home, my mother taught me ________some simple dishes, such as noodles and garlic with vegetables. A. what cooking B. how cooking C. what to cook D. how to cook 15．Making great efforts to struggle hard in your study ，if ______，will possibly lead to your great success in the college entrance exam next year. A. continued B ．to continue C ．continues D ．continuing 16．It was many years ____ American women were given the rights to vote. A. when B. since C. before D. as 17．Don’t worry ！There is still a great chance we can make up for the lost time. A ．which B ．that C ．where D ．when 18．Her last book sold five million copies and we hope this one will be ＿＿＿＿popular. A. so B. as C. such D. much 19．--- Will you waste your time and money on that? --- Certainly ________. A. I not B. don’t C. not D. no 20．______, I suppose, and the housing problems for the low-income families could be solved. A. If you double your efforts B. To make some more efforts
[必须收藏】高中英语特殊句式! 奇速在线教育：https://www.doczj.com/doc/4417325670.html, 特殊句式包含： A. there be 句型 B. 倒装句 C. 强调句 D. 省略句 E. 插入语 F. 分隔句式 A. there be 句型 1、there be 句型的意义：表示“某处有某物”。 2、there be 句型的时态there is/are ; there was/were ; there will be /there going to be ; 3、there be 句型的特殊用法： there be 不可与have 连用 there be 后的谓语动词遵循就近原则 there be 的反义疑问句为谓语动词+there there +具体的动词使表达更生动 there be 的非谓语动词为若前面的动词后是不定式时，就用there to be 若前面的动词后是v-ing 时，就用there being 4、there be 句型的固定搭配 there is no use / sense / point + v-ing there is no need +to do there is no doubt +that 从句 蔡章兵主编QQ757722345 二、部分倒装（高考考点） 1、由as、though、that、引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置 2、含有否定意义的副词、连接词放在句首引起的部分倒装 3、“so（nor, neither）+助动词+ 主语”与“so（nor, neither）+主语+助动词”之间的区别以及与“so + 主语+ 助动词”的句式区别 4、省略if的虚拟条件句以had / were / should开头引起的部分倒装 5、not until 置于句首引起后面句子的部分倒装 6、only 短语置于句首引起的部分倒装 1、由as、though、that、引导让步状语从句要用部分倒装或前置，主语是代词时不倒装。句式为：表语/状语/动词原形＋as＋主语＋其他。 Clever as he is，he does n’t study well.虽然他很聪明，但他学习不好。 Child as he is，he knows a lot.虽然他是个孩子，但他懂得不少事情。 注意：表语前的名词无形容词修饰时冠词要省略 Much as I like it，I won’t buy it.虽然我非常喜欢它，但我不买它。 Try as she might, she failed.虽然她试过了，但还是失败了。 =Although she try as she can, she failed . 2、含有否定意义的副词、连接词放在句首引起的部分倒装 表示否定的副词never，nor，neither,
无论在平时的阅读，还是在SAT、TOEFL等等英语考试中，我们都会遇到一些英语长难句。毋庸置疑，提高对英语阅读中长难句子的分析能力，学会抓主干，抓关键词，对于提高英语的阅读能力和速度至关重要。英语大多数的长难句都不外乎后面的三种长难句类型之一，即：复杂的单句、复杂的并列句，复杂的主从复合句。为帮助大家系统掌握分析英语长难句的方法，华联教育网站针对性的上传3篇文章，分别予以简要的介绍。 分析英语长难句理解的原则方法 一、英语长难句为一个复杂的单句，可这样处理：跳读修饰成分，迅速找出主谓结构，既简化句式，抓住句子主干。这样一来，我们便可以将长句化为短句，将难句化为易句。具体步骤是：先跳读修饰成分或附加成分，找出句子的主干并理解其意义；然后再分段理解修饰成分或附加成分。 二、英语长难句为一个复杂的并列句，可这样处理：先找出其中的并列连词，然后再根据并列连词的意思理清句子前后是顺连关系还是反连关系，是因果关系还是转折关系等，最后再根据不同的语境关系正确理解句意。 三、英语长难句为一个复杂的主从复合句，可这样处理：先分清主句与从句，然后弄清从句的性质，即弄清它是什么从句，比如是状语从句，或是定语从句等。注意，弄清从句性质对于理解整句的意思至关重要。 另外，有一点要提醒同学们，在处理长难句时，如果既能正确理解句意，又能将其准确地译成中文，那是最好了。但是，对于有些长难句，要在较短时间内（如在参加考试时）将其译成中文比较困难，也没有必要，此时只要能正确理解其意思就行了，如果硬要勉为其难地译成中文，不仅会浪费时间，而且在许多情况也没有必要。 为便于大家理解，以下中文翻译并没有使用翻译技巧，而是按照英文的结构来翻译的。所以，会显得生硬，但它与英文原文结构是一样的，这样是为了更有助于同学们理解英文原句的句子结构。 一．结构复杂的简单句 如果句子只包含一个主谓结构，而句子各个成分都只由单词或短语表示，它就是简单句（不管句子是长是短）。 有的简单句并不简单，也很长，复杂的简单句包括： （1）分词及分词短语做定语、状语 （2）动名词及动名词短语做主语、表语、宾语 （3）不定式及不定式短语做主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语 （4）形容词短语做后置定语 1．to resolve a dispute means to turn opposing positions into single outcome 中文译文：解决一个冲突意味着把相反的各方变成一个单一的结果。 结构分析：不定式短语to resolve a dispute 做主语，谓语是means，不定式短语to turn opposing a positions into a single outcome 做宾语，其中分词opposing 是positions 的定语。 2． reconciling such interests is not easy 中文译文：调和这种利益是不容易的。 结构分析：动名词短语reconciling such interests 做主语。动名词短语做主语，谓语一般用单数。 3． it involves probing for deeply rooted concerns,devising creative solutions，and making trade-offs and compromises where interests are opposed 中文译文：它涉及到探究深层次的关注，想出有创造性的解决方案，以及当利益矛盾时，做出交易和妥协。
英语语法专项训练特殊句式1 1.---I have some big news for you. You’ve been accepted as a member of our club. --- That’s great! A. Have I? B. Pardon? C. Congratulation! D. Good idea! 2. You didn’t use to like him much when we were at school, ? A. were we B. weren’t we C. did you D. didn’t you 3. Not only _____ interested in football but _____beginning to show an interest in it. A. the teacher himself is; all his students are B. the teacher himself is; are all his students C. is the teacher himself; are all his students D. is the teacher himself; all his students are 4. It was announced that only when the fire was under control to return to their homes. A. the residents would be permitted B. had the residents been permitted C. would the residents be permitted D. the residents had been permitted 5. Bill wasn’t happy about the delay of the report by Jason, and . A. I was neither B. neither was I C. I was either D. either was I 6. I have been living in the United States for twenty years, but seldom so lonely as now. A. have I felt B. I had felt C. I have felt D. had I felt 7. ---My room gets very cold at night. --- . A. So is mine B. So mine is C. So does mine D. So mine does 8. If Joe’s wife won’t go to the party, . A. he will either B. neither will he C. he neither will D. either he will 9. Little that we were watching his every move, so he seemed to be going his own way in this business. A. he realized B. he didn’t realize C. didn’t he realize D. did he realize 10. So difficult it to work out the problem that I decided to ask Tom for advice. A. I did find B. did I find C. I have found D. have I found 11. ---Have you got any particular plans for the coming holiday? ---Yes. , I’m going to visit some homes for the old in the city. A. If ever B. If busy C. If anything D. If possible 12. ---Who should be responsible for the accident? ---The boss, not the workers. They just carried out the order . A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told 13. Only then____ how much damage had been caused. A. had she realized B. she realized C. did she realize D. she had realized 14. We all know that, , the situation will get worse. A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with 15. It was along the Mississippi River Mark Twain spent much of his childhood. A. how B. which C. that D. where 16. I just wonder that makes him so excited. A. why it does B. what he does C. how it is D. what it is 17. Depend on us, sir! Nowhere else better service. A. you will find B. will you find C. you have found D. have you found 18. ---Tom, you go and pick up Mary from the station, ? ---But, she’s already got home. A. don’t you B. do you C. will you D. shall you 19. By no means to move to a new place for away from her work place, because it isn’t convenient for her family and herself. A. Karen will agree B. will Karen agree C. Karen will disagree D. will Karen disagree 20. It was back home after the experiment. A. not until midnight did he go B. until midnight that he didn’t go C. until midnight when he didn’t go D. not until midnight that he went 21.If you can’t get in the front door, to the back door. A. go B. to go C. going D. to be going 22. It’s his voice we recognized at once although his face changed a lot. A. what B. when C. where D. that 23. ---Helen has been working at a local language school for 3 years. --- she is so familiar with the city. A. No doubt B. No wonder C. Now that D. As a result 24. rapid progress has he made that we all admire him. A. Very B. So C. Such D. Too 25. Was it in the village we used to live in the accident happened? A. where; that B. which; that C. that; where D. where; which 26. Hardly closed my eyes I began to make this fantastic dream. A. had I; when B. I had; when C. did I; than D. I did; then 27. Either you or the headmaster the prize to these gifted students at the meeting. A. is handing out B. are to hand out C. are handing out D. is to hand out 28. Three-quarters of the land here wet land, an ideal place for migrating birds. A. are B. having been C. is D. being 29. Deep in the forest , who made no contact with the outside world. A. living a couple B. were a couple living C. did a couple live D. lived a couple 30. In no case leave your position at present. A. you are able to B. will you be able to C. are you able to D. you will be able to 31. every student aware of the importance of study, they would study efficiently. A. Were B. Should C. May D. Had 32. The door opened and in . A. did he come B. came he C. he came D. did a man come 33. --- He has to finish the experiment today. He must be in the lab, ? A. mustn’t he B. won’t he C. doesn’t he D. isn’t he 34. ---They suggest the number of cars should be limited to stop air pollution. --- , the idea is not very practical. A. Sounds good as it B. As it sounds good C. As good it sounds D. Good as it sounds 35. There ought to be an exam this week, ? A. oughtn’t it B. isn’t it C. oughtn’t there D. isn’t there 36.____about wild plants that they decided to make a trip to Madagascar for further research. A. So curious the couple was B. So curious were the couple C. How curious the couple were D. The couple was such curious 37. given an English name by their English teacher. A. They each was B. They each were C. Everyone of them was D. Each of them were 38. Not until the early years of the 19th century ________what heat is. A. man did know B. man knew C. didn't man know D. did man know 39. ---Look! Here . How beautiful it is! ---Well, that’s the headmaster’s. A. coming a black car B. a black car comes C. come a black car D. comes a black car 40. ---Do you think it’s going to snow over the weekend? --- . A. I don’t believe B. I don’t believe it C. I believe not D. I believe not so