100个最最常用医学词根和词缀_图文-英语词根

医学英语情景实用指南Section 4 The Secret to learning Medical English VocabularyUnit 1 Basic Patterns of Word Formation学习医学英语构词法是扩大医学英语词汇量最有效的方法之一。

大部分医学词汇都是词根（root/stem/base）、前缀（prefix）、后缀（suffix）和结合元音（combining vowels）的各种不同组合。

词根，也可以称作词干，是组成一个单词的最基本要素和主干，是一个单词的根本部分。

它具有确定的意义，表示一个单词的基本意思。

词根是同根词共有的可以辨认出来的部分。

有的词根可以单独作为一个词使用。

在大多数情况下，词根通过在它前后加上前缀或后缀而衍生出多种不同的派生词。

例如，nephro-和hepato都是词根，意思分别是肾脏和肝。

它们与后面括号里不同的后缀（-itis炎症，-oma瘤，-oid类似的，-pathy病，-algia疼痛，-tomy切开术，-ectomy 切除术）结合在一起，就会衍生出下面一系列不同的派生词：nephritis肾炎，nephroma肾瘤，nephroid类似肾脏的，nephropathy肾脏病，nephralgia 肾痛，nephrotomy肾切开术，nephrectomy肾切除术，hepatosis肝病，hepatoma肝瘤，hepatoid类肝的，hepatopathy肝病，hepatalgia肝痛，hepatomy肝切开术，hepatectomy肝切除术。

前缀一般置于词根或者单词的前部，具有一定的含义，起到限定词根或者单词意义的作用，它可以增加、改变或者加强一个词根或者单词的意义。

同一词根或单词前面加上不同的前缀，就可构成意义不同的新单词；而后缀则置于词根或者单词的后部，其作用是提供该词的附加意义，并确定该词的词性。

后缀一般包括名词后缀、形容词后缀、动词后缀和副词后缀等;结合元音大多数情况下为字母o，有时也用i，其作用只是连接词根与词根，或者词根与词缀。

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词根纤维fibro 词根纤维fibulo 词根腓骨fistulo 词根瘘folliculo 词根小腔;囊galacto 词根乳gameto 词根配子ganglio 词根神经节gangliono 词根神经节gastro 词根胃genito 词根生殖器gero 词根年龄geronto 词根年龄geusia 后缀味gingivo 词根牙glauco 前缀灰绿glio 词根胶质;粘globo 词根球glomerulo 词根小球glosso 词根舌gluco 词根糖glyco 词根糖gnatho 词根颌gnosis 后缀知识gonado 词根性腺gono 词根生殖器gram 后缀记录granulo 词根结节graph 后缀记录graphy 后缀记录gravido 词根妊娠gyneco 词根女性halo 词根盐haplo 前缀单hebe 前缀青年hecto 前缀百helcosis 后缀溃疡形成hemato 词根血hemi 前缀半hemo 词根血hepato 词根肝hernio 词根疝hidro 词根汗histo 词根组织holo 词根整个humero 词根肱骨hyalo 词根透明的hydro 词根水hyper 前缀超过;高hypno 词根睡眠hypo 前缀低hystero 词根子宫ia 后缀状况iatrics 后缀愈合iatry 后缀愈合ictero 词根黄疸idio 词根自己ileo 词根回肠ilio 词根髂骨immuno 词根免疫in 前缀在内in 前缀不in 后缀素incudo 词根砧骨infra 前缀在下ino 词根纤维inter 前缀在...之间intra 前缀在内iono 词根离子ionto 词根离子irido 词根虹膜iro 词根虹膜ischio 词根坐骨ism 后缀状况iso 词根异;相等ist 后缀者itis 缀炎ium 后缀部分jejuno 词根空肠kal 词根钾karyo 词根核kerato 词根角质;硬kerato 词根角膜kilo 前缀千kinesia 后缀移动kleisis 后缀关闭klepto 词根偷窃kypho 词根驼背labio 词根唇labyrintho 词根迷路lacrimo 词根眼泪;泪小管lalia 后缀言语lamino 词根椎板laparo 词根腹壁laryngo 词根喉leuko 前缀白linguo 词根舌lipo 词根脂肪lithiasis 后缀结石litho 词根石lobo 词根叶logist 后缀学者logy 后缀学科lordo 词根弯曲luco 词根光;透明lumbo 词根腰lympho 词根淋巴lysis 后缀溶解malacia 后缀软化malleo 词根锤骨mammo 词根乳房mandibulo 词根下颌骨mania 后缀极端、强制、偏见masto 词根乳房maxillo 词根上颌骨mediastino 词根纵隔mega 词根大megalo 词根大melano 前缀黑meningio 词根脑膜meno 词根月经mento 词根颏mento 词根精神、心理mero 词根部分mesentero 词根肠系膜meso 词根中间的meta 前缀超过;在后metacarpo 词根掌骨metatarso 词根柘骨meter 后缀测量工具metro 词根子宫metry 后缀测量micro 词根微milli 前缀千分之一mono 前缀单muco 词根粘液multi 前缀多musculo 词根肌肉muto 词根变化;突变myco 词根真菌myelo 词根脊髓;骨髓myo 词根肌肉myoso 词根肌肉myringo 词根耳鼓myxo 词根粘液narco 词根麻木naso 词根鼻natri 词根钠necro 词根死亡neo 词根新nephro 词根肾neuro 词根神经nigro 前缀黑nodo 词根结nucleo 词根核obstetrico 词根产科occluso 词根牙牙合oculo 词根眼odonto 词根牙齿odynia 后缀痛oid 后缀象...样的olecrano 词根肘oligo 词根少oma 后缀瘤omento 词根网膜omphalo 词根脐onco 词根肿瘤;块onycho 词根甲;甲床ooo 词根卵子oophoro 词根卵巢ophthalmo 词根眼opia 后缀视觉or 后缀器具;者orchido 词根睾丸orchio 词根睾丸orexi 词根食欲oro 词根口orrhagia 后缀大量流出orrhaphy 后缀缝合术orrhea 后缀流出、分泌orrhexis 后缀破裂ortho 词根直的osis 后缀病理状况osteo 词根骨ostomy 后缀造口或吻合oto 词根耳ous 后缀含...的;分泌...的ovario 词根卵巢ovo 词根卵子oxo 词根氧oxy 词根氧palato 词根腭pallio 词根减轻palpebro 词根睑pancreato 词根胰腺papillo 词根乳头状突起parto 词根娩出para 前缀旁;异parasympathetico 词根副交感parasympathico 词根副交感parasympatho 词根副交感parathyroido 词根甲状旁腺patello 词根髌骨pathy 后缀病理状况pectoro 词根胸pelvo 词根骨盆penia 后缀不足peno 词根阴茎pento 前缀五pepsi 词根消化pepti 词根消化per 前缀通过peri 前缀周围perineo 词根会阴peritoneo 词根腹膜pexy 后缀固定phaco 词根晶体phago 词根吞噬phalango 词根指骨phallo 词根阴茎pharmaco 词根药pharyngo 词根咽pharyngo 词根咽philo 词根嗜phlebo 词根静脉phobia 后缀害怕photo 词根光;透明phrenia 后缀精神、心理phrenico 词根膈神经phreno 词根膈phylaxis 后缀保卫physis 后缀生长pilo 词根毛发pinealo 词根松果体plasia 后缀形成plasm 后缀形成的东西plasmo 词根浆plasty 后缀成形plegia 后缀麻痹pleuro 词根胸膜pnea 后缀呼吸pneumo 词根气;肺pneumono 词根气;肺podo 词根足poiesis 后缀产生polio 前缀灰白poly 前缀多polypo 词根息肉post 前缀在后pre 前缀在前pro 前缀在后procto 词根肛门和直肠pros 前缀到;靠近;附上prostato 词根前列腺prostho 词根假牙;义肢pseudo 词根假psycho 词根精神、心理ptosis 后缀下垂ptyalo 词根唾液ptyo 词根唾液pubio 词根耻骨pubo 词根耻骨pulmo 词根肺pulmono 词根肺pupillo 词根瞳孔pyelo 词根肾盂pyloro 词根幽门pyo 词根脓pyro 词根热quadri 前缀四quarto 前缀四rachio 词根脊柱radico 词根根治radio 词根桡骨radio 词根放射ramo 词根分支recto 词根直肠reno 词根肾reticulo 词根网retino 词根视网膜retro 词根向后rhino 词根鼻roentgeno 词根 X线rub 前缀红saccharo 词根糖sacculo 词根小囊sacro 词根骶骨saliva 词根唾液salpingo 词根管salpingo 词根管;输卵管sarco 词根肉sarco 词根肉瘤sarcoma 后缀肉瘤scapulo 词根肩胛schesis 后缀抑制排出schizo 词根分裂schizo 词根分裂sclero 词根巩膜sclerosis 后缀硬化scolio 词根弯曲scope 后缀镜scopy 后缀镜检查scroto 词根阴囊sebo 词根油脂seco 词根切semi 前缀半semino 词根精子septo 词根腐败sialadeno 词根唾液腺sialo 词根唾液sidero 词根铁sigmoido 词根乙状结肠silico 词根硅sino 词根窦somato 词根体somni 词根眠sono 词根声sopori 词根沉睡spasmo 词根痉挛spermato 词根精子spermo 词根精子sphinctero 词根括约肌sphygmo 词根脉搏spino 词根脊髓spiro 词根呼吸splanchno 词根内脏spleno 词根脾spondylo 词根椎骨stapedo 词根镫骨stasis 后缀制止、停止stasis 后缀停止steato 词根脂肪stenosis 后缀狭窄stereo 词根立体sterno 词根胸骨stero 词根固stetho 词根胸stomato 词根口sub 前缀在下submaxillo 词根下颌骨succo 词根分泌sudoro 词根汗super 前缀在上supra 前缀高于surgery 后缀外科surgico 词根外科sympathetico 词根交感sympathico 词根交感sympatho 词根交感syn 前缀合成syndesmo 词根韧带synovio 词根滑液syringo 词根瘘管tacho 词根快速talo 词根踝;距骨tarso 词根踝;跗骨taxis 后缀排列tel 词根远的tele 词根远的tendino 词根腱tendo 词根腱teno 词根腱terato 词根畸胎testo 词根睾丸tetra 前缀四thalamo 词根丘脑therapy 后缀治疗thio 词根硫thoraco 词根胸thrombo 词根凝thymo 词根胸腺thyro 词根甲状腺thyroido 词根甲状腺tibio 词根胫骨toco 词根出生;分娩tome 后缀切开器具tomy 后缀切开术tono 词根紧张度tono 词根紧张tonsillo 词根扁桃体topo 词根地方toxico 词根毒toxo 词根trachelo 词根子宫颈tracheo 词根气管trans 前缀通过;穿过tri 前缀三tricho 词根毛发triplo 前缀三tripsy 后缀压碎tropin 后缀激素tubulo 词根小管tumo 词根肿瘤;肿胀tussi 词根咳嗽tympano 词根鼓室ulno 词根尺骨ultra 前缀超umbilico 词根脐unguo 词根甲;爪uni 前缀uretero 词根输尿管urethro 词根尿道uria 后缀尿uro 词根尿utero 词根子宫utriculo 词根小囊uvulo 词根悬雍垂vagino 词根阴道vago 词根迷神经valvo 词根瓣varico 词根扭曲的静脉vaso 词根血管vaso 词根输精管veno 词根静脉ventriculo 词根脑室ventro 词根腹侧venulo 词根小静脉verruco 词根疣vertebro 词根椎骨vesico 词根膀胱vesiculo 词根精囊vestibulo 词根中耳的中部viro 词根病毒vito 词根生命vulvo 词根外阴xantho 前缀黄zoo 词根生物。

医学英语词根最终打印版公司标准化编码 [QQX96QT-XQQB89Q8-NQQJ6Q8-MQM9N]1．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心 heart cardiao - cardial cardium/ carditis/ cardiology脑 brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/ encephalitis/ encephalology肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/ pulmonectomy/ pulmonology肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/ hepatobiliary/ hepatology胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/ gastrointestinal/ gastrology胆 gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/ cholinergic/ cholecystectomy 肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/ enterectomy/ enterology脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis/ splenectomy/ splenology胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/ pancreatectomy肾 kidney nephro- renal/ nephric nephritis/ nephropathy/ nephrology．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/ hemoglobin/ hematoma血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/ cardiovasology/ verebrovascular静脉 vein veno- venography/ intravenous/ venoconstriction动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/ arteriole/ arteriosclerosis 肌 muscle myo- mycology/ myositis/ myocarditis髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/ myelitis/ myeloma神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/ neuritis/ neuron细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/ cytoma/ leukocyte尿 urine uro-/ur- urology/ urosurgery/ urogenital体 body somato-/some somatology/ somatopsychic/ chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单） mono-/uni- monomer/ monoclone/ carbon monoxide/ unidirectional二 bi-/di- bilateral/ biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide三 tri- trilateral/ triphasic/ trigeminal nerve四 tetra- tetramer/ tetracycline/ tetraplegia五 penta- pentagon/ pentachromic/ pentachloride六 hexa- hexachromic/ benzene hexachloride(666)/ hexacycliccompiund七 hepta- heptachromic/ heptaploid/ heptavalent八 octa- octahedral/ octal system九 nona- nonapeptide/ nonagon十 deca- d ecade/ decagram/ decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptidegastrin（十四肽胃泌素）， octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/ chromatin/ chromatometer红 red erythro- erythrocyte/ erythrocyturia/ erythrometer 白 white leuko- leukocyte/ leukemia/ leukocytuira黑 black melano- melena/ melanoma/ melanoderma黄 yellow xantho- xanthopsin/ xanthosis/ xanthoma绿 green棕 brown brown mixture/ brown ring橙 orange Victoria orange/ ethyl orange/ orange G粉红 pink oink frothy sputum绯红 crimson青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes蓝 blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/ cyanopsia/ cyanemia紫 violet/ purple注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病 patho- pathogen/ pathology/ pathogenesis/-pathy -pathic neuropathy/ nephropathy/ adenopathy病态 -osis –otic neurosis/ tuberculosis/ schistosomiasis增多 leukocytosis/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytosis减少 -penia -penic leukocytopenia/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytopenia无 a-/an- atypical/ anuria/ agranulocytopenia小/微 -let droplet/ platelet/ leafletmicro- microscopy/ microorganism/ micronucleus大/巨 macro- macroscopic/ macronucleus/ macrophage-megaly splenomegaly/ acromegaly/ hepatomegaly复合/多 poly- polyuria/ polymer/ polyopia全/泛 pan- pancolectomy/ panmyelosis/ pandemic6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反 dis- disease/ disorder/ disability 困难/障碍 dys- dysfunction/ dyspepsia/ dyspnea不良 mal- malfunction/ malnutrition/ malpractice炎症 -itis appendicitis/ bronchitis/ arthritis瘤/块 -oma lymphoma/ adenoma/ hematoma血症 -emia leukemia/ septisemia/ bacteremia痛 -algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/ hypoalgesia/ algometer麻痹 -plegia hemipleia/ pamplegia/ myoplegia流出 -rrhea diarrhea/ hypermenorrhea/ rhinorrhea坏死 -necrosis /necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/ myonecrosis/ necrospermia结石 litho-/-lith lithiasis/ lithogenesis/ cholelithes7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上 upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/ epithelium/ supracostal下 lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/ subclavicular/ subcutaneous前 front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- /pre- forehead/ anteroposterior/ precirrhosis后 back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/ postprandial/ retrocardiac内 inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/ endoscopy/ entocranial外 outer/external ex-/exo- extract/ excretion/ exocardial间 between inter- intermuscular/ intercostal/ intercourse旁/副 on the side of para- parathyroid/ paraprotein/ pararenal周 around peri- perioperative/ pericarditis/ peritoneum中心 central centri-/centra- /centro- centrifugation/ centralize/ centronucleus反/对 opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/ countershock/ contraindication 注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内; in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；in situ/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除 -ectomy appendectomy/ gastrectomy/ splenectomy切开 -tomy tracheotomy/ hysterotomy/ craniotomy切（割） -tome tracheotome/ thoracotome吻合 -stomy duodenoenterostomy/ gastroesophagostomy成形术 -plasty tracheoplasty/ osteoplasty/ myoplasty整（矫）形 ortho- orthopedics/ orthopod/ orthotherapy造影 -graphy angiography/ nephrography/ phlebography经… trans- transdominal/ translateral/ transurethral注： ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。

医学词根词缀1.acu-针，尖锐（needle）acupuncture 针刺疗法2.an-否定前缀(without,upward) anallergic 非过敏性的3.ant(i)-反抗，反对（against，rival）antibody抗体4.arthr(o)- 关节（joint）arthropathy关节病5.arteri(o)-动脉（artery）arteriovenous动静脉；动静脉的6.angi(o)-血管（blood vessel）angiogenesis血管再生术7.abdomin(o)-腹部(abdomen, belly) abdominaglia腹痛8.adren(o)- 肾上腺(adrenal) adrenalin肾上腺素9.abort(o)-流产( misbirth) aborticide堕胎；堕胎药10.aug- 增加(increase)augmentation增进；展开；扩张；加重11.angi(o)-血管（blood vessel）angiogenesis血管再生术12.aort(o)-主动脉瓣(aortic vaives) aortography 主动脉X光摄影术13.atri(o)- 心房(auricle) atrial心房的14.appendico- 附件（appendix） appendicostomy阑尾造口术15.anaphylact(o)-过敏（allergy）anaphylactogen过敏原16. –ache疼痛（pain；ache；hurt）stomachache胃痛，腹痛B1. bacteri (o)-细菌的（bacteria）bacteriology细菌学2. bio-生物学的（biological）bioactive生物活性3. bronch(i)-支气管（bronchus）bronchitis支气管炎4. brady-缓慢，迟钝(slow) bradypnea呼吸过慢3. gest(o)- 妊娠 (bear, carry young) gestation怀孕；怀孕期；受孕4. gene-基因；基因的（gene）genetherapy基因疗法5. gastr(o)- 胃，腹侧(stomach) gastroscop y胃镜检查法6. ger-年龄(age) geriatrist老年病专家7.-gen原，剂（agent，dose）-oxygen氧气,8.-gram图，像(to write,to mark) bronchogram支气管造影照片9.-graphy书写，记录，记录法（to mark,write）photography摄影H1. hypo-低的（under, less）hypotension低血压2. hyper-高的（above, across,excessive）hypertension高血压3. hepat(o)- (liver) 肝hepatitis肝炎4. hipp(o)- 马；海马（horse）hippocampal adj.海马的5. hem(o)- / haem(o)-（blood）血haemolytic溶血的；溶血6. humor(o)-房水（aqueous fluid）aqueous humor房水I1. immun(o)- 免疫（protection,safe) immunology免疫学2. iatr(o)-医学的 (medicine) iatrology医学,治疗学3. intra-在……内(within) intravenous静脉内的4. in-否定，与…相反（not）incomplete不完全的5. intestin(o)- 肠的(intestine)intestinotoxin肠毒素6. ion-离子（ion）ionization离子化7. -in素 (agent )penicillin 青霉素8. -itis炎，炎症（inflammation）arthritis关节炎 carditis 心肌炎9. -ics (study,art,science,system)常用于学术用语后面ethics道德学10. -ize表示使成为；表示使…化standardize使标准化；用标准校检L1. leuk/leuc(o)- (white)白色leukocyte白细胞；白血球2. lymph(o)-(lymph) 淋巴 lymphnode淋巴结M1. micro-小（small，microscopic） microbiology微生物学2. meta-变化（metamorphosis，metathesis）metabolism新阵代谢3. ment(o)-精神，心理(mind，spirit)ment-al 精神的，心理的4. meta-变化 (change)metabolism 新陈代谢5. mal- 坏；不良；错误 ( poor) malfunction 功能障碍，机能失常6. metr(o)- 子宫（uterus) metritis子宫炎7. myel(o)- (marrow)脊髓，骨髓myelitis脊髓炎，骨髓炎8. men(o)- 月经，月份 (menstruation,month) menstruate 月经来潮9. matur(o)- (ripe；adult)成熟的maturation 化脓，成熟10. matern(o)- 母的，母体的 (of a mother)maternity产科；产妇的11. multi- 多种，多个（multiple）multitude多数；众多；大量12. mini- 小（small）minimum最小值；最小的13.mammo- 乳房（breast）mammoplasty乳房成形术14.malari-疟疾（malaria；ague）malarial mosquito疟蚊15.morph-形，形体，形态(shape；form) morphology形态学N1. nerv-/neur(o)-神经 (nerve) neuron 神经元2. nucleo-（nucleus）核，核素 nucleolus核仁3. necr(o)-与死亡或尸体、死亡的细胞或组织有关的（necrotic tissue）necromancy死灵术O1. oste(o)- 骨（bone）osteolysis骨质溶解2. oma-肿瘤(tumor) sarc-oma肉瘤3. ov(o)-/ ovari(o)-卵巢(ovary) ovariopathy卵巢病4. onco- 肿瘤、肿胀或肿块（onco）oncology肿瘤学5. oestr(o)-/ estr(o)- 雌性的(female) estrogenic hormone雌激素6. obes(o)- 肥胖(fat) obesitas肥胖，多脂7. obstetr(o/i)-产科( maternity department)obstetrics产科专家8. orth(o)- 直的，正常的（straight）orthobiosis正常生活9.-osis 状态，病态（condition，diseased）10. –oid相似的 (similar)anthropoid似人类的；类猿的11. -(o)logy ...论，...学，...科（the science thestudy of）cytology 细胞学12.-ol醇或酚 alcohol酒精13.-on化合物，基本粒子（chemical compound;elementary particle） electron电子 neuron神经元P1.paed-,ped-儿童（children）pediatrics 儿科学2. pulmo-（pulmonary）与肺有关的pulmonology肺脏学3. pregn(o)- (gamic)孕，妊娠 pregnancy怀孕，怀孕期4. psych(o)- (mental；mind)心理psychiatrist精神病医生5. peri-周围；邻近 (around,surrounding)period 时期，周期6. pancreat(o)-胰（腺）(pancreas) pancreat-itisn. 胰腺炎7.physi(o)- 自然，生理（nature) physiocracy自然疗法physiometry生理功能测试8.phleb(o)-静脉(vein) phlebitis静脉炎9.parasit(o)-寄生物（guest；inquiline）parasitology寄生虫学10.phag(o)-吞噬（engulf）phagocyte吞噬细胞11.poly-多的，多个的，多于一的(many things or types)polyclinics 综合性诊所12.-pathy 患病状态或疾病；无感情13. -puncture穿刺，刺伤 acupuncture针刺疗法14 .-penia减少（deficiency）erythropenia红细胞减少15.-plasty（plastic surgery）整形术，整复术osteoplasty骨成形术R1.re-一再；反复；又（angin）reappear（消失后再次出现）2.recto-（rectum) 直肠rectoscope 直肠镜3.radi(o)-线，射线（ray）radioactive放射性的4.reno- 肾脏（kidney） renal stone肾结石5.-rrhea流出，溢出（spill；overflow）rhinorrhea鼻液溢；流鼻涕S1. ster(o)-,stere(o)- ster(o)-,stere(o)-:固体（solid）steroid 类固醇2. sen-老的 (old) senior 年长的；高级的3. semin(o)-(seed )种子,精液 semin-ation受精4. spec-(look kind)外观,种类,特别specialize专攻,专门研究,专业化5. scler(o)- 硬化（sclerosis；harden）sclerotherapy硬化疗法6. sub-在…之下，在…下面，亚(under) subclavian在锁骨下的 subhealth亚健康subcellular亚细胞的7. -some 体（body）monosome单染色体nanosome侏儒症T1.tars(o)- 跗骨，跗；睑板（ankle) tarsal2.trans-穿、越、超（through）transfer转移3.tox-毒（poison) toxin 毒素4.tachy-速，快速(fast) tachycardia心动过速5.tomo- 切割部分，部分（a cutting part,part）6.tri- 表示“三”之义；三次；三组（three） triangular 三角形7. -therapy疗法(treatment,remedy)chemo-therapy化疗U1. urin(o)- (urine)尿urinology 泌尿学2. ultra- 过度，超，限外（excess；over）ultrasound超声；超声波3. ulcer-溃疡（ulcer）ulceration溃疡V1. vas(o)- 血管 (bloodvessel) vascular 血管的2. vagin(o)- vagina阴道 vaginitis阴道炎3. valvul(o)-瓣，瓣膜(valve) valvular瓣膜的4. ventricul(o)-心室(ventricle) ventricular心室的5. vail-。

医学英语术语词根词缀汇总一：神经、血管、肌词根neur-/njuər/神经angi-/'ændʒi/血管，管my-/mai/肌后缀-itis/'aitis/炎-osis/'əusis/病-oma/'əumə/瘤-omatosis/əumə'təusis/瘤病示例1neuritis神经炎2neurosis神经（机能）病3neuroma神经瘤4neuromatosis神经瘤病5angioneuroma血管神经瘤二：胃、肠、肝、胆词根gastr-/gæstr/胃enter-/'entər/肠，小肠hepat-/'hepət/肝chol-/kəul/胆chole-/'kəuli/cholangi-/kəu’lændʒi/胆管后缀-ia/iə/（表示疾病状态）-algia/'ældʒiə/痛alg-/ælg/（仍可用作词根）-dynia/'diniə/痛-rrhagia/'reidʒiə/出血-ptosis/'ptəusis/下垂以ia为结尾的词，其重音在倒数第三个音节上。

英语的重读元音的长短与音节的开闭有关。

在开音节读长音，如：-rrhagia。

在闭音节一般读短音，如：-algia。

如重读元音是y或i，不论音节开闭，一般读短音。

如-dynia。

示例1gastralgia胃痛2gastrodynia胃痛3gastrorrhagia胃出血4gastroptosis胃下垂三：气管、支气管、肺词根trache-/'treiki/气管bronch-/brɔŋk/支气管pneum-/nju:m/肺，呼吸，空气pneumat-/'nju:mət/肺，呼吸，空气pneumon-/nju:’məun/肺后缀-pathy/('ɔ)pəθi/病path/pæθ/(仍可作词根)-logy/('ɔ)lədʒi/学说-list/ist/者，人员-logist/('ɔ)lədʒist/学者，学家-scopy/('ɔ)skəpi/镜检法，检查法-graphy/('ɔ)grəfi/X线照相术，描记法，造影术当倒数第二个音节的元音是短音，重音就落在倒数第三个音节上。

医学英语词根词缀英语词根医学作为一门专业领域，具有其独特的术语体系。

许多医学术语都是由词根和词缀组成的，掌握这些词根和词缀对于学习和理解医学英语至关重要。

本文将介绍一些常见的医学英语词根和词缀，并解释其含义和用法。

一、词根1. Cardi-（心脏）例词：cardiology（心脏病学）、cardiologist（心脏病专家）2. Derm-（皮肤）例词：dermatology（皮肤学）、dermatologist（皮肤科医生）3. Gast-（胃）例词：gastroenterology（胃肠病学）、gastrectomy（胃切除术）4. Hem-（血）例词：hematology（血液学）、hemorrhage（出血）5. Ophthalm-（眼睛）例词：ophthalmology（眼科学）、ophthalmologist（眼科医生）二、词缀1. -ectomy（切除术）例词：appendectomy（阑尾切除术）、tonsillectomy（扁桃体切除术）2. -itis（炎症）例词：tonsillitis（扁桃体炎）、arthritis（关节炎）3. -ology（学科）例词：urology（泌尿学）、radiology（放射学）4. -pathy（疾病）例词：neuropathy（神经病）、myopathy（肌肉病）5. -scopy（检查）例词：endoscopy（内镜检查）、colonoscopy（结肠镜检查）以上仅是一小部分医学英语词根和词缀的例子，医学英语中有数以千计的词根和词缀，通过熟悉和掌握这些词根和词缀，可以更容易地理解和使用医学术语。

学习医学英语词根和词缀的方法可以多种多样。

一种有效的方法是通过创造联想来记忆这些词根和词缀。

例如，我们可以将“derm-”（皮肤）与“dermatologist”（皮肤科医生）联系起来，这样可以更容易理解和记忆这个词。

此外，可以使用医学英语词典或在线资源来查找医学术语的定义和应用。

a 前缀无ab 前缀从...离开acantho 词根棘，刺acetabulo 词根髋臼acouo 词根听觉acro 词根顶，肢acromio 词根肩峰ad 前缀向...靠近，到...上adeno 词根腺adipo 词根脂肪的adreno 词根肾上腺aero 词根气agglutino 词根凝集agra 后缀严重的疼痛albo 前缀白algesi 词根痛觉的感受algia 后缀痛alveolo 词根肺泡alveolo 词根牙槽amnio 词根羊膜amphi 前缀两侧ampullo 词根壶腹amylo 词根淀粉an 前缀无ana 前缀向上，重回到andro 词根雄aneurysmo 词根异常扩大angino 词根阻塞ankylo 词根弯曲ano 词根肛门ante 前缀在前anti 前缀抗aorto 词根主动脉apico 词根顶apo 前缀离去，从appendico 词根阑尾appendo 词根阑尾aquo 词根水arterio 词根动脉arteriolo 词根小动脉arthro 词根关节articulo 词根关节ase 后缀酶astro 词根星atelo 词根不完全的，有缺陷的athero 词根脂肪堆积atrio 词根腔audio 词根听觉auro 词根耳auro 词根金auto 前缀自axio 词根轴balano 词根龟头bary 前缀重、压baso 词根碱bi 前缀双，倍bili 词根胆汁blast 后缀母细胞blenno 词根粘液blepharo 词根睑brachy 词根短bronchio 词根支气管bronchiolo 词根细支气管broncho 词根支气管bucco 词根颊bulbo 词根球部burso 词根滑液囊caco 词根坏calcaneo 词根跟骨calci 词根钙capillo 词根非常小的血管capnia 后缀二氧化碳carcino 词根癌carcinoma 后缀癌cardio 词根心carpo 词根腕cata 前缀向下cautero 词根燃烧ceco 词根盲肠cele 后缀突出、积水celio 词根腹cemento 词根牙骨质centesis 后缀穿刺术centi 前缀百分之一cerebello 词根小脑cerebro 词根大脑cerumino 词根耵聍cervico 词根颈cervico 词根颈，宫颈cheilo 词根唇chemo 词根化学chlorhydro 词根盐酸chloro 前缀绿chole 词根胆汁cholecysto 词根胆囊choledocho 词根总胆管chondro 词根软骨chorio 词根绒膜chromo 词根颜色cineo 词根活动circum 前缀环行clasis 后缀破裂clast 后缀破坏用器械claviculo 词根锁骨cleisis 后缀关闭clysis 后缀洗co 前缀与...在一起cocco 词根球菌coccygo 词根尾骨cochleo 词根耳蜗collo 词根胶colo 词根结肠colpo 词根阴道conjunctivo 词根结膜contra 前缀反，对抗coreo 词根瞳孔，虹膜corneo 词根角，角膜corono 词根冠costo 词根肋cranio 词根颅骨crine 后缀分泌cryo 词根冷crypto 词根隐藏culdo 词根囊袋、窝cuti 词根皮肤cyano 前缀蓝cyclo 词根环cyeso 词根妊娠cysto 词根膀胱，囊cyte 后缀细胞dacryo 词根眼泪dactylo 词根指头de 前缀去denti 词根牙齿dentino 词根牙本质dermato 词根皮肤dermo 词根皮肤di 前缀双，倍dia 前缀通过diaphoro 词根汗diaphragmato 词根膈diaphragmo 词根膈diplo 前缀双，倍dipso 词根渴dis 前缀离开duodeno 词根十二指肠dys 前缀坏，痛，困难ectasia 后缀扩张ectasis 后缀扩张ecto 前缀外ectomy 后缀切除术ego 前缀我embryo 词根胚胎emeo 词根呕吐emia 后缀血的状况emia 后缀血emphraxis 后缀梗阻en 前缀内encephalo 词根脑endo 前缀内部entero 词根小肠epi 前缀外，上epididymo 词根附睾epiglotto 词根会厌episio 词根外阴ergo 词根工作，能erythro 前缀红esophago 词根食道esthesio 词根感觉eu 前缀好，正常eustachio 词根咽骨管ex 前缀在外，离开exo 前缀在...之外extra 前缀在外，超过fasciculo 词根束fascio 词根筋膜febri 词根发热feca 词根粪便femoro 词根股骨fero 词根传递输送ferro 词根铁fibrino 词根纤维素fibro 词根纤维fibro 词根纤维fibulo 词根腓骨fistulo 词根瘘folliculo 词根小腔，囊galacto 词根乳gameto 词根配子ganglio 词根神经节gangliono 词根神经节gastro 词根胃genito 词根生殖器gero 词根年龄geronto 词根年龄geusia 后缀味gingivo 词根牙glauco 前缀灰绿glio 词根胶质，粘globo 词根球glomerulo 词根小球glosso 词根舌gluco 词根糖glyco 词根糖gnatho 词根颌gnosis 后缀知识gonado 词根性腺gono 词根生殖器gram 后缀记录granulo 词根结节graph 后缀记录graphy 后缀记录gravido 词根妊娠gyneco 词根女性halo 词根盐haplo 前缀单hebe 前缀青年hecto 前缀百helcosis 后缀溃疡形成hemato 词根血hemi 前缀半hemo 词根血hepato 词根肝hernio 词根疝hidro 词根汗histo 词根组织holo 词根整个humero 词根肱骨hyalo 词根透明的hydro 词根水hyper 前缀超过，高hypno 词根睡眠hypo 前缀低hystero 词根子宫ia 后缀状况iatrics 后缀愈合iatry 后缀愈合ictero 词根黄疸idio 词根自己ileo 词根回肠ilio 词根髂骨immuno 词根免疫in 前缀在内in 前缀不in 后缀素incudo 词根砧骨infra 前缀在下ino 词根纤维inter 前缀在...之间intra 前缀在内iono 词根离子ionto 词根离子irido 词根虹膜iro 词根虹膜ischio 词根坐骨ism 后缀状况iso 词根异，相等ist 后缀者itis 缀炎ium 后缀部分jejuno 词根空肠kal 词根钾karyo 词根核kerato 词根角质，硬kerato 词根角膜kilo 前缀千kinesia 后缀移动kleisis 后缀关闭klepto 词根偷窃kypho 词根驼背labio 词根唇labyrintho 词根迷路lacrimo 词根眼泪，泪小管lalia 后缀言语lamino 词根椎板laparo 词根腹壁laryngo 词根喉leuko 前缀白linguo 词根舌lipo 词根脂肪lithiasis 后缀结石litho 词根石lobo 词根叶logist 后缀学者logy 后缀学科lordo 词根弯曲luco 词根光，透明lumbo 词根腰lympho 词根淋巴lysis 后缀溶解malacia 后缀软化malleo 词根锤骨mammo 词根乳房mandibulo 词根下颌骨mania 后缀极端、强制、偏见masto 词根乳房maxillo 词根上颌骨mediastino 词根纵隔mega 词根大megalo 词根大melano 前缀黑meningio 词根脑膜meningo 词根脑膜meno 词根月经mento 词根颏mento 词根精神、心理mero 词根部分mesentero 词根肠系膜meso 词根中间的meta 前缀超过，在后metacarpo 词根掌骨metatarso 词根柘骨meter 后缀测量工具metro 词根子宫metry 后缀测量micro 词根微milli 前缀千分之一mono 前缀单muco 词根粘液multi 前缀多musculo 词根肌肉muto 词根变化，突变myco 词根真菌myelino 词根髓myelo 词根脊髓，骨髓myo 词根肌肉myoso 词根肌肉myringo 词根耳鼓myxo 词根粘液narco 词根麻木naso 词根鼻natri 词根钠necro 词根死亡neo 词根新nephro 词根肾neuro 词根神经nigro 前缀黑nodo 词根结nucleo 词根核obstetrico 词根产科occluso 词根牙（牙合）oculo 词根眼odonto 词根牙齿odynia 后缀痛oid 后缀象...样的olecrano 词根肘oligo 词根少oma 后缀瘤omento 词根网膜omphalo 词根脐onco 词根肿瘤，块onycho 词根甲，甲床ooo 词根卵子oophoro 词根卵巢ophthalmo 词根眼opia 后缀视觉or 后缀器具，者orchido 词根睾丸orchio 词根睾丸orexi 词根食欲oro 词根口orrhagia 后缀大量流出orrhaphy 后缀缝合术orrhea 后缀流出、分泌orrhexis 后缀破裂ortho 词根直的osis 后缀病理状况osteo 词根骨ostomy 后缀造口或吻合oto 词根耳ous 后缀含...的，分泌...的ovario 词根卵巢ovo 词根卵子oxo 词根氧oxy 词根氧palato 词根腭pallio 词根减轻palpebro 词根睑pancreato 词根胰腺papillo 词根乳头状突起par(t)o 词根娩出para 前缀旁，异parasympathetico 词根副交感parasympathico 词根副交感parasympatho 词根副交感parathyroido 词根甲状旁腺patello 词根髌骨pathy 后缀病理状况pectoro 词根胸pelvo 词根骨盆penia 后缀不足peno 词根阴茎pento 前缀五pepsi 词根消化pepti 词根消化per 前缀通过peri 前缀周围perineo 词根会阴peritoneo 词根腹膜pexy 后缀固定phaco 词根晶体phago 词根吞噬phalango 词根指骨phallo 词根阴茎pharmaco 词根药pharyngo 词根咽pharyngo 词根咽philo 词根嗜phlebo 词根静脉phobia 后缀害怕photo 词根光，透明phrenia 后缀精神、心理phrenico 词根膈神经phreno 词根膈phylaxis 后缀保卫physis 后缀生长pilo 词根毛发pinealo 词根松果体plasia 后缀形成plasm 后缀形成的东西plasmo 词根浆plasty 后缀成形plegia 后缀麻痹pleuro 词根胸膜pnea 后缀呼吸pneumo 词根气，肺pneumono 词根气，肺podo 词根足poiesis 后缀产生polio 前缀灰白poly 前缀多polypo 词根息肉post 前缀在后pre 前缀在前pro 前缀在后procto 词根肛门和直肠pros 前缀到，靠近，附上prostato 词根前列腺prostho 词根假牙，义肢pseudo 词根假psycho 词根精神、心理ptosis 后缀下垂ptyalo 词根唾液ptyo 词根唾液pubio 词根耻骨pubo 词根耻骨pulmo 词根肺pulmono 词根肺pyelo 词根肾盂pyloro 词根幽门pyo 词根脓pyro 词根热quadri 前缀四quarto 前缀四rachio 词根脊柱radico 词根根治radio 词根桡骨radio 词根放射ramo 词根分支recto 词根直肠reno 词根肾reticulo 词根网retino 词根视网膜retro 词根向后rhino 词根鼻roentgeno 词根X线rub 前缀红saccharo 词根糖sacro 词根骶骨saliva 词根唾液salpingo 词根管salpingo 词根管，输卵管sarco 词根肉sarco 词根肉瘤sarcoma 后缀肉瘤scapulo 词根肩胛schesis 后缀抑制排出schizo 词根分裂schizo 词根分裂sclero 词根巩膜sclerosis 后缀硬化scolio 词根弯曲scope 后缀镜scopy 后缀镜检查scroto 词根阴囊sebo 词根油脂seco 词根切semi 前缀半semino 词根精子septo 词根腐败sero 词根血清sialadeno 词根唾液腺sialo 词根唾液sidero 词根铁sigmoido 词根乙状结肠silico 词根硅sino 词根窦somato 词根体somni 词根眠sono 词根声sopori 词根沉睡spasmo 词根痉挛spermato 词根精子spermo 词根精子sphinctero 词根括约肌sphygmo 词根脉搏spino 词根脊髓spiro 词根呼吸splanchno 词根内脏spleno 词根脾spondylo 词根椎骨stapedo 词根镫骨staphylo 词根束stasis 后缀制止、停止stasis 后缀停止steato 词根脂肪stenosis 后缀狭窄stereo 词根立体sterno 词根胸骨stero 词根固stetho 词根胸stomato 词根口sub 前缀在下submaxillo 词根下颌骨succo 词根分泌sudoro 词根汗super 前缀在上supra 前缀高于surgery 后缀外科surgico 词根外科sympathetico 词根交感sympathico 词根交感sympatho 词根交感syn 前缀合成syndesmo 词根韧带synovio 词根滑液syringo 词根瘘管tacho 词根快速talo 词根踝，距骨tarso 词根踝，跗骨taxis 后缀排列tel 词根远的tele 词根远的tendino 词根腱tendo 词根腱teno 词根腱terato 词根畸胎testo 词根睾丸tetra 前缀四thalamo 词根丘脑therapy 后缀治疗thio 词根硫thoraco 词根胸thrombo 词根凝thymo 词根胸腺thyro 词根甲状腺thyroido 词根甲状腺tibio 词根胫骨toco 词根出生，分娩tome 后缀切开器具tomy 后缀切开术tono 词根紧张度tono 词根紧张tonsillo 词根扁桃体topo 词根地方toxico 词根毒toxo 词根trachelo 词根子宫颈tracheo 词根气管trans 前缀通过，穿过tri 前缀三tricho 词根毛发triplo 前缀三tripsy 后缀压碎tropin 后缀激素tubulo 词根小管tumo 词根肿瘤，肿胀tussi 词根咳嗽tympano 词根鼓室ulno 词根尺骨ultra 前缀超umbilico 词根脐unguo 词根甲，爪uni 前缀uretero 词根输尿管urethro 词根尿道uria 后缀尿uro 词根尿utero 词根子宫utriculo 词根小囊uvulo 词根悬雍垂vagino 词根阴道vago 词根迷神经valvo 词根瓣varico 词根扭曲的静脉vaso 词根血管vaso 词根输精管veno 词根静脉ventriculo 词根脑室ventro 词根腹侧venulo 词根小静脉verruco 词根疣vertebro 词根椎骨vesico 词根膀胱vesiculo 词根精囊vestibulo 词根中耳的中部viro 词根病毒vito 词根生命vulvo 词根外阴xantho 前缀黄zoo 词根生物。

100个最最常用医学词根和词缀Table 1 Examples of organs and systems〔局部器官与系统术语〕中文一般词根/前/形容词比方后缀1心heart cardio cardiac cardiology心脏病学cardial endocarditis心内膜炎myocarditis心肌炎2脑brain cerebro cerebral cerebrum大脑encephalo cerebellum小脑encephalopathy脑病3颅skull cranio cranial intracranial颅内的4肺lung Pulmo pulmonary pulmonology肺病学pulmono pulmonitis肺炎5肝liver hepato hepatic hepatitis肝炎hepatobiliary肝胆的hepatoenterostomy肝肠切合6肾kidney nephro renal nephritis肾炎nephropathy肾病nephrectomy肾切除7胃stomach gastro gastric gastritis胃炎gastrectomy胃切除8肠intestine entero intestinal enteritis肠炎gut gastroenteritis胃肠炎bowel enterostomy肠造口术9食道/ esophagus esophago esophageal esophagitis 食道炎管esophagoscopy 食道镜10胆Bile chole biliary cholecystitis胆囊炎〔汁〕cholesterol胆固醇11脾spleen spleno splenic splenectomy脾切除splenomegaly脾大12胰pancreas pancreato pancreatic pancreatitis胰腺pancreatopathy胰腺病13膀胱bladder cysto cystic cystitis膀胱炎cyst cystography膀胱造影14〔泌〕urine uro urinary urology泌尿病学尿urethro transurethral经尿道的15直肠rectus recto rectal rectoscopy直肠镜检查rectoplasty直肠成形术rectocolitis直肠结肠炎16结肠colon colo colonal colitis结肠炎colostomy结肠造口17肌muscle myo muscular myocarditis心肌炎myoma 肌瘤18关节joint arthro articular arthritis关节炎arthropathy关节病19骨bone osteo osteoarthritis骨关节炎osteoplasty骨整形20髓marrow myelo myeloma 骨髓瘤myelitis骨髓炎myelopathy骨髓病21血blood hemato hematic hematology血液学hematoma 血肿22血管vessel vaso vascular vasopressin血管加压素angio angiography血管造影23动脉artery arterio arterial arteriosclerosis动脉硬化24静脉vein veno venous Intravenous静脉内的25神经nerve neuro nervous neuron神经元neuroma 神经瘤26细胞cell cyto cellular cytology细胞学leukocyte白细胞27眼eye ophthalm o ocular ophthalmology眼科学oculo visual ophthalmitis眼炎28耳ear audio auditory Audiometer听力计audible audiosurgery耳外科29鼻nose rhino nasal rhinorrhea 鼻溢naso nasogastric鼻胃的30口mouth oro oral orolingual口舌的31舌tongue linguo lingual sublingual舌下的32喉throat laryngo laryngeal laryngectomy喉切除laryngitis喉炎33咽throat pharyngo pharyngeal pharyngitis咽炎34气管 /Airway/ tracheo tracheal tracheostomy气管插管道pipe/tracheoscope气管镜passagetracheoesophageal气管食道的35体body-some physical psychosomatice身心的/some-chromosome 染色体36精神mind psycho-mental psychology心理学psychosis精神病Table 2 Examples of diseased states (局部病态术语)含义词跟/前/后比方缀37病patho-pathogen病原体 / pathology病理学-pathy encephalopathy脑病38病态-osis neurosis精神病 / tuberculosis结核39增添-osis leukocytosis白细胞增添症40减少-penia pancytopenia全血细胞减少41炎症-it is arthritis关节炎 / hepatitis肝炎42肿块-oma lymphoma 淋巴瘤 / carcinoma癌43难过-algia arthralgia关节痛 / analgesia止痛-algesia44血症-emia leukemia白血病/ bacteremia菌血症45麻痹-plegia hemiplegia偏瘫/ myoplegia肌肉麻痹46坏死necro hepatonecrosis肝坏死/ necrotic坏死的-necrosis47不良mal-malnutrition营养不良/ malfunction功能阻挡 ,48流出-rrhea diarrhea腹泻/menorrhea月经49困难/阻挡dys-dysfunction功能阻挡/ dyspnea呼吸困难 / dysuria排尿困难50 无a atypical 不典型的 / asymptomatic无病症的 / anuria无尿 / analgesiaan-止痛51复合/多poly-polyuria多尿/ polyopia视物显多症52巨-megaly splenomegaly脾大/ acromegaly肢端肥大症53结石litho cholelithes胆结石/ lithiasis结石病-lith54硬化-sclerosis Athrosclerosis动脉粥样硬化/arteriosclerosis动脉硬化Table 3 Examples of surgical terminology〔局部外科术语〕含义前/ 后缀比方55切除-ectomy gastrectomy胃切除56切开-otomy craniotomy开颅手术57造口 / 切合-stomy colostomy结肠造口58整〔矫〕形ortho-orthopedics骨科59造影、描绘- graphy angiography血管造影/radiography拍片60⋯ /横向trans-transurethral尿道的/transcutaneous皮的/transfusion血61成形-plasty esophagoplasty食道成形Table 4 Examples of directions and positions (局部方向地址)含义一般前/后缀比方62上Upper,epi- , supra-epigastric上腹部的/ superior supraclavicular锁骨上的63下lower,infra-, sub-subclavicular锁骨下的inferior/ inferior vena cava下腔静脉64前front,anterior,fore-,ante,pre-, antero,forehead前anteroposterior额/前后的prior/ 正位的65 后back,post-,postprandial餐后的/posterior,retro-,retroperitoneal腹膜后rear postero-的66 内inner,In-,intra,Inhalation吸入/internal endo, ento-endoscope内窥镜/intracranial颅内的67外outer,ex-, exo-extract提取/ external excretion排泄/exocardial心外的68侧lateral bilateral双侧的/unilateral单侧的/contralateral对侧的69旁/副adjacent,para-parathyroid甲状旁腺/ appendix paracancer癌旁70周peripheral,peri-Perioperative围术的/ around perinatal围产的71间between inter-intercostal肋间的/intercedllular细胞间的72中心Central centro-,centrifuge离心/centri-centronucleus中心核Table 5 Examples of cells and colors〔局部细胞与颜色〕含义词根/前/后缀比方73色chromo / cromo chromosome 染色体 / cromolyn色苷酸钠74红erythro erythrocyte红细胞 / erythromycin红霉素75白Leuko leukocyte白细胞 / leukemia白血病76黑Melano Melanoma 黑色素瘤 / melena黑便77青、蓝Cyano cyanosis 紫绀78淋巴lymph lymphocyte淋巴细胞 / lymphoma 淋巴瘤79粒Granulo granulocyte粒细胞 / granulocytosis粒细胞增添80成细blast fibroblast成纤细胞胞81网状Reticulo reticulocyte网状细胞82嗜碱basi,baso, basophil嗜碱性粒细胞的alkalo83嗜酸eosino, acido eosinocyte, eosinophil嗜酸性粒细胞的84凝血的Thrombo thrombocyteplatelet〕凝血细胞〔=血小板Table 6 Examples of compounds (局部化合物)含义前/ 后缀比方85〔酸〕-ate sulfate硫酸盐/ nitrate硝酸盐盐86醇-ol alcohol酒精/ taxol紫杉醇/ethanol乙醇87醛-al methylal甲缩醛/ retinal视黄醛88 糖-saccharide,glycogen糖原/ glucose葡萄糖/glyco-,gluco-,saccharide糖 /polysaccharide 多糖saccharo-89酶-ase transaminase转氨酶/reductase复原酶90素-in heparin肝素/ nuclein核素91原-gen antigen抗原/ collagen胶原92苯基/phenol-Phenol 酚〔石炭酸〕 / phenate酚盐酚93氨基amino-Amino acid氨基酸/ aninosuria氨尿Table 7 Examples of numbers (局部数目)前/ 后缀比方941Mono-monocyte单核细胞952bi-, di-carbon dioxide二氧化碳/bilateral双侧963tri-triple三倍 / tricyclic三环类的974Tetra-tetracycline四环素 / tetralogy四联症985penta-Pentagon五角大楼 /pentapeptide五肽99大，宏macro-macroscopic肉眼的,宏观的观100 小，微micro-microscopic显微镜的,微观的观。

常用的一般英语后缀一、名词性后缀1，-age为抽象名词后缀，表示行为，状态和全体总称percentage百分数，百分率，voltage电压，伏特数，lavage灌洗，洗，出法，gavage管词法，curettage刮除法，shortage不足，缺少。

2，-cy表示抽象名词accuracy准确，精确度，infancy婴儿期。

3，-ence、-ance表示性质和动作difference不同，interference干扰，干预，influence影响，感化，occurrence 发出，出现，violence激烈，暴力，existence存在，significance意义，意味。

4，-ency、-ancy抽象名词后缀difficiency不足，不全，tendency趋势，趋向，frequency频率，pregnancy 妊娠，emergency紧急，急救，fluency流利，流畅，sufficiency足够，充足，constancy坚定，经久不变。

5，-er表示…人、…者diameter直径，receiver接收者，接受者，carrier携带者，beginner初学者，创始人，reader读者，shutter快门，goiter甲状腺肿。

6，-ics表示…科学psdiatrics儿科学，psychiatrics精神病学，obstetrics产科学，orthopdics 矫形科学，auristrics耳科学，gnathostomatics口腔生理学，andriatrics男性医学，男性科。

7，-ian表示人称名词physician医师，内科医师，technician技术员8，-ication由动词变化而来的抽象名词，常译为…化simpliffcation简化，calcification钙化，classification分类，分级，communication交流，交往。

9，-ing由动词变化而来的动名词nursing护理，typing分型，分类，mapping绘制…图，bleeding出血，vomiting 呕吐，softening变软，functioning使器官活动，使器官有功能，positioning 把…放在适当的位置，mathching和…相配，imaging成像。

Doctor_一．人体主要器官前缀心(heart) cardiao-脑(brain) encepholo-肺(lung) pulmo-肝(liver) hepato-胃(stomach) gastro-胆（gallbladder）chole-肠（intestine）entero-脾（spleen）splen-胰（pancreas）pancreato-肾（kidney）nephro-二．与人体系统，器官有关的前缀血（blood）hemo-/hemato- 血管(vessel) vaso-静脉(vein) veno-动脉(artery) arterio-肌(muscle) myo-髓(marrow) myel-/myelo 神经（nerve）neur-/neuro- 细胞(cell) cyto-尿(urine) uro-/ur-体(body) somato-三．与数字有关的前缀一（单）：mono-/uni-,如：monomer(单体)；二:bi-,如bilateral(两边的)；三:tri-,如：trilateral(三边的)；四:tetra-,如；tetramer(四聚体)四．词根Acouo 听觉；Acro 顶，肢；Acromio 肩峰；Ad 前缀向…靠近，到…上；Adeno 腺；Adipo 脂肪的；Aero 气;Agglutino 凝集；Algesi 痛觉的感受；Andro 雄；Angino 阻塞；Astro 星；Atelo 不完全的，有缺陷的；Baso 碱；Carcino 癌；Cardio 心；Cervico 颈；Chemo 化学；Chromo 颜色；Colo 结肠；Colpo 阴道；Cuti 皮肤；Denti 牙齿；Embryo 胚胎；Fibro 纤维；Gastro 胃；Glosso 舌；Halo 盐；Hemo 血；Hydro 水；Iro 虹膜；Labio 唇；Lympho 淋巴；Masto 乳房；Meno 月经；Micro 微；Musculo 肌肉；Myco 真菌；Myxo 粘液；Naso 鼻；Nephro 肾；Orexi 食欲；Ortho 直的；Osteo 骨；Ovo 卵子；Oxy 氧；Pelvo 骨盆；Pepsi 消化；Pharyngo 咽；Photo 光，透明；Pilo 毛发；Plasmo 浆；Pneumo 气，肺；Polypo 息肉；Psycho 精神，心理；Ptyo 唾液；Puppillo 瞳孔；Rachio 脊柱；Sarco 肉；Somni 睡眠；Testo 睾丸；Thoraco 胸；Toco 出生，分娩；Vaso 血管；Vito 生命；Zoo 生物。

基础词根（20个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词前before pro- pre- prognosis (预后) / precardiac (心前的)上above hyper-, epi- super- epigastrium(上腹部) /superofrontal (额上的)下below hypo- sub- hypotension（低血压）/ subneural(神经下的) 内inside endo- intra- endocrine(内分泌的)/ intervenous(静脉内的)多many, much poly- multi- polyuria(多尿症)/ multipara (经产妇)同sameness homo- iso- homobody(同体)/ isotope (同位素)异difference allo- hetero- allosome(异染色体)/ heterotopia(异位)半half hemi- semi- hemisection(半切除)/ semicanal (半管)一one mono- uni- monoclonal(单克隆的)/ unicellular (单细胞的)二two di- bi- diarthric(两关节的)/ bidental(双牙的)运动系统（10个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词肌肉flesh myo- musculo- myofiber(肌纤维)/ musculotendinous(肌腱的)骨bone osteo- os- osteoporosis(骨质疏松)/ ossa pedis (足骨)关节joint arthro- articulo- a rthritis(关节炎)/ articulation (关节)椎骨vertebra spondylo- vertebro- spondylodynia脊椎痛/ vertebrocostal(椎肋的)脊柱backbone rachio- spino- rachiomyelitis(脊髓炎)/ spinocortical(脊髓皮质的)心血管系统（10个+备用8个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词心heart cardio- cor- cardiology(心脏病学)/ cor bovinum (牛心症)心房atrium atrio- aurico- atrium(心房)/ auricula (心房)血blood hemo- hemato- hemoglobin(血红蛋白)/ hematology (血液学)血管vessel angio- vaso- angiofibroma(血管纤维瘤)/ vascular (血管的)静脉vein phlebo- veno- phlebology(静脉学)/ venoclysis (静脉输注)快fast tachy- tachycardia (心动过速)慢slow brady bradycardia (心动过缓)主动脉aorto------- main artery毛细血管capillo------slim vessel血栓thrombo--------clot of blood血清sero-------watery part of blood.淋巴lympho-----colorless fluid from the tissues or organs of the body,containing white-cells.胸腺thymo-----a kind of gland in chest.呼吸系统（6个+ 备用5个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词呼吸breath pneumo- spiro- pneumocardiography(呼吸心动描记法)/ spirography(呼吸描记法)鼻nose rhino- naso- rhinoplasty(鼻整形术)/ nasolabial (鼻唇的)肺lung pneumono- pulmo- pneumonia (肺炎)/ pulmonologist (肺脏病学家)咽pharyngo----喉laryngo------the hollow box like part in your throat where you make voice sounds气管tracheo----wind-pipe支气管broncho----slim windpipe胸膜pleuro----delicate membrance of the thorax and the lungs.呼吸-pnea -----breathe消化系统（第一组10个；第二组10个；备用7个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词消化digestion pepso- gesto- pepsin(胃蛋白酶)/口mouth stomato- oro- stomatology(口腔医学)/ oronasal(口鼻的)舌tongue glosso- linguo- glossocele(大舌病)/ lingular (小舌的)牙teeth odonto- dento- odontoma(牙瘤)/ dentist(牙医)肝liver hepato- jeco- hepatization(肝样变)/ jecorize (鱼肝油化)胆gall bladder chole- bili- cholecyst(胆囊)/ biligenensis(胆汁生成)肠gut entero- intestino- enterococcin(肠球菌素)/ intestinotoxin(肠毒素)直肠rectum procto- recto- proctectomy (直肠切除术)/ rectum (直肠)肛门anus procto- ano- proctodynia(肛部痛)/ anus (肛门)糖glucose glyco- saccharo- glycogen(糖原)/ saccharose (蔗糖)食道esophago-胃gastro-幽门pyloro-阑尾appendo-胆囊cholecysto-胰腺pancreato-酶-ase泌尿系统（6个+4个= 10个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词肾kidney nephro- reno- nephrosis(肾变病)/ renocortical (肾皮质的)肾盂renal pelvis pyelo- pelvi- pyelopathy(肾盂病)/ pelviostpmy(肾盂造口术)膀胱bladder cysto- vesico- cystotome(膀胱刀)/ vesicocolic(膀胱结肠的)尿urine uro- urocyst (膀胱)水water hydro- hydromyelia (脊髓积水)球菌coccus cocco- coccobacillus(球杆菌)结石stone litho- litholysis(结石溶解)皮肤、感觉器官（6个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词皮肤skin dermato- cutaneo- dermatitis(皮炎)/ cutaneomucosal(皮粘膜的)眼eye ophthalmo- oculo- ophthalmosurgery(眼外科)/耳ear oto- auri- otology(耳科学)/ auriform(耳状的)药理学（2个）汉义英词希腊源拉丁源例词药drug pharmaco- medicine pharmacogenetics(药物遗传学)疗法treatment -therapy remedy chemotherapy(化疗)诊断（7个）汉义英词希腊源例词表，量器measure -meter thermometer (温度计)度量，测量to measure -metry pelvimetry (骨盆测量法)图，像 a mark -gram electrocardiogram (心电图)图-graph electrocardiograph (心动电流描记器)书写，记录to write -graphy electrocardiography (心动电流描记法)镜to examine -scope endoscope (内镜)检查法to examine -scopy endoscopy (内镜检查术)外科学（6个）汉义英词希腊源例词切开cutting -tomy anatomy (解剖)切除cut away -ectomy appendectomy (阑尾切除术)造口opening -stomy gastrostomy (胃造口术)成形shape -plasty cardioplasty (贲门成形术)缝合sew -rrhaphy herniorraphy (疝缝手术)固定术fixation -pexy hepatopexy (肝固定术)典型词素（第一组10个；第二组9个）情况-ia anoxia (缺氧症)瘤-oma carcinoma (癌)炎症-itis hepatitis (肝炎)痛-algia arthralgia (关节痛)痛-dynia osteodynia (骨痛)血症-emia leukemia (白血病)尿-uria oliguria (少尿症)病态，状态-osis sclerosis (硬化症)贫乏，缺少-penia erythropenia (红细胞减少)患病状态，疾病-pathy myopathy (肌病)细胞cell -cyte monocyte (单核细胞)体-some chromosome（染色体）嗜-phil acidophilia （嗜酸性）杀死-cide g ermicide（杀虫剂）溶解-lysis hemolysis (溶血)溢出-(o)rrhea diarrhea（腹泻）恐惧-phobe hydrophobia(恐水症)…学科-iatry/ -iatrics pediatrics (儿科)..状的-form filiform (线形的)成…细胞-blast osteoblast (成骨细胞)。

在医学英语中，词根和词缀是构成词汇的基本组成部分。

它们可以帮助我们理解医学术语的含义。

以下是一些常见的医学英语词根和词缀：
词根：
1. Cardi-：心脏
2. Derm-：皮肤
3. Gastro-：胃
4. Hem-或Hemo-：血液
5. Neuro-：神经
6. Osteo-：骨骼
7. Pulmo-：肺
8. Ren-或Nephro-：肾脏
9. Hepat-：肝脏
10. Ophthalm-：眼睛
常见词缀：
1. -itis：炎症（例如：Gastritis，胃炎）
2. -ectomy：切除术（例如：Appendectomy，阑尾切除术）
3. -logy：学科、科学（例如：Biology，生物学）
4. -pathy：疾病、异常状态（例如：Neuropathy，神经
病）
5. -ology：学科、科学（例如：Cardiology，心脏病学）
6. -ectomy：切除术（例如：Hysterectomy，子宫切除术）
7. -osis：疾病、异常状态（例如：Osteoporosis，骨质疏松症）
8. -logy：学科、科学（例如：Psychology，心理学）
9. -scope：仪器、设备（例如：Microscope，显微镜）
10. -emia：血液（例如：Anemia，贫血）
这只是一小部分医学英语词根和词缀的例子。

在医学术语中，词根和词缀可以组合起来形成复杂的单词，以描述不同的身体部位、疾病、治疗方法等。

了解这些词根和词缀有助于我们更好地理解医学文献和与医生或医护人员交流。

Ⅱ前缀Post-后postpartum产后De-去dehydration脱水Hyper-高hyperuricemia高尿酸血症Pre-前premature发生在适当时间之前的Myo-肌myoglolinemia肌红蛋白血症Tetra-四tetrachloride四氯化Re-重复Replicate复制Poly-多Polymerase聚合酶Deoxy-脱氧Deoxyribonucleotide脱氧核糖核苷酸Trans-转移Transferase转移酶di-二Phosphodiester磷酸二酯Pro-原proinsulin胰岛素原Tachy-快Tachycardia心动过速Lipo-脂Lipophilic亲脂的Hydro-水Hydrophilic亲水的Entero-肠Enterohepatic肠肝的Ar-非，失常Arrhythmogenic致心律失常的bi-二Bigeminy二联律Dis-缺乏Disorientation定向力缺乏Auto-自动automaticity自律性Extra-外extracellular细胞外的Non-非nontraumatic非创伤性的Epi-上epigastrium上腹部的Peri-周围periumbilical脐周Para-旁paracolic结肠旁Hemat-血hematemesis呕血Intra-内intramural壁内的Ipsi-同ipsilateral同侧的Oro-口oropharynx口咽部Hepato-肝hepatosplenomegaly肝脾肿大Dys-困难dyspneic呼吸困难的Brady-过缓bradycardia心动过缓Naso-鼻nasopharygeal鼻咽的Encephalo-脑Encephalomenigitis 脑膜脑炎Myo-肌myocarditis心肌炎Gastro-胃gastroenteritis胃肠炎Ovi-卵oviduct输卵管Endo-内endometrium子宫内膜Radio-放射radioimmunoassay放射免疫测定Nulli-未nullipara未产妇a-无、非amenorrhea闭经-ectomy切除术hysterectomy子宫切除术Bronchi-支气管bronchiectasis支气管扩张Neo-新neoplasm新生物Lympho-淋巴lymphoma淋巴瘤Tetra-四tetracycline四环素Hypo-低hypogammaglobulinaemia低γ-球蛋白血症Micro-微microangiopathy微血管病变Retino-视网膜retinopathy视网膜病变后缀-megaly肿大hepatosplenomegaly肝脾肿大-centesis穿刺术thoracentesis胸腔穿刺术-emia血症hyperuricemia高尿酸血症-itis炎症pancreatitis胰腺炎-ase酶Transferase转移酶-lysis分解proteolysis蛋白分解-philic亲Lipophilic 亲脂的-genic致arrhythmogenic致心律失常的-rrhea溢galactorrhea溢乳-stasis稳定homeostasis体内环境稳定-scopy镜检查laparoscopy 腹腔镜检查-otomy切开术colpotomy 阴道穹隆切开术-pathy 病变 retinopathy 视网膜病变-ist 者、专家ophthalmologist 眼科医师解剖：解剖学术语前缀含义举例a-an- 不，不是，非，没有，少azygos: 不成对的部分，无对偶的部分，单一器an tibacterial: 抗生素ante- 在…之前，…前的antecubital: 肋前的anti- 反抗，治疗的 anti bacterial: 抗生素circum- 环，周围 circum ferential fibers: 环型纤维contra- 反抗，逆对 contra lateral: 对侧的ec-出，偏离 ec ctopic: 异位的endo- 内部的，内在的 endoscope: 内窥镜epi- 在上，向 epi dural: 硬膜的ex- 出，从，来的 ex cise: 切除extra-天，…外的 extradural: 硬膜外的hyper- 过好的，超出平常的 hyperlordosis: 过度前凸 ermal (pertaining to upon the skin)hypo- 不足的，在…下的 hypokyphosis: 后凸平足，平背畸形infra-在…下 infra laminar: 椎板下节inter- 在…之间 intercostal: 肋间intra- 在…之内 intradural: 硬膜下ipsi- 相同的 ipsi lateral: 同侧的mal- 病态的，平启的 mal union: 骨接合不正medi- 中间的 medi al: 中间的para- 不正常的，延…的，附近的para esthesia(or paresthesia): 感觉异常peri- 围绕，附近的 peri neural: 神经外膜post- 之后，在…后 post operative: 术后的pre- 之前，在…前 preoperative:术前准备pseudo- 假的pseudoarthrosis(or pseudarthr-osis): 假关节retro- 向后，回复 retro peritoneal: 腹膜后的semi- 半 semi lunar: 半月型的sub- 之下，在…之下 subcutaneous: 皮下的supra- 之上 supralaminar: 椎板上syn- 共，合 syn ostosis: 骨连接trans- 穿过 trans peritoneal: 经腹膜常用后缀-algia 疼痛 arthralgia: 关节痛-clasis 断，折断 osteoclasis: 骨破折-desis 固定 ( 关节或骨头 ) arthrodesis: 关节固定术关节融合术-ectomy 切除 laminectomy: 椎板切除术-emia 血 anemia: 贫血-genesis 形成，起源 osteogensis: 骨发生-itis 炎症 arthitis: 关节炎-lysis 分解，松解 osteolysis: 骨吸收 , 骨质溶解-malacia 软化 chrondromalacia: 轻骨软化-oid 类似 osteoid: 骨样的-oma 肿瘤 sarcoma: 肉瘤-otomy 切，截 osteotomy: 截骨术-paresis 半，部分麻痹 hemiparesis: 半身麻痹-path(y) 病 neuropathy: 神经病肥大-penia 不止，减少 osteopenia: 骨质减少-plasia 生长，形成 hyperplasia: 增生，过度增生-plasty 手术修复 cranioplasty: 颅骨成形术-scope 检查设备 thoracocscope: 胸腔镜-scopy 用设备检查 thoracoscopy: 胸腔镜检查-stenosis 狭窄的 spinal stenosis: 椎管狭窄-tome 切割器械 ostetome: 骨力-tomy 切，截 osteotomy: 截骨术-trophy 食物，营养 hypetrophy: 过度生长常用的前缀第一节表示无，抗，非的前缀一．a-,an-无，非。

•a-[无，缺]▲anemia[贫血]▲ atonia[无张力]▲ asymptomatic[无症状的]▲ amenorrhea[闭经]•ab-[分离]▲ abduct [外展]▲ abscision[切除]•acou (acu)-[听觉]▲ acumeter [听力计]▲ acouophone[助听器]•acro-[肢端]▲ acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲ acromastitis[乳头炎]•ad (af, an)-[邻近，向上]▲ adrenal [肾上腺]▲ adaxial[近轴的]▲ annexa[附件]•-ad[……侧]▲ ventrad[向腹侧]▲ cephalad[向头侧]•adeno-[腺]▲ adenocyte[腺细胞]▲ adenoidism[腺体病]•adipo-[脂肪]▲ adiposis[肥胖症]▲ adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死] •adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲ adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲ adrenal[肾上腺]•-aemia(emia)[血症]▲ bacteremia[菌血症]▲ leukemia[白血病]•-albi (albino)-[白色]▲ albumin[白蛋白]▲ albinism[白化病]•-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]•-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲neuralgia[神经痛] •alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]•alveo-[牙槽，小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎]•ambi-[复，双]▲ ambiopia[复视]▲ ambivert[双重性格]•ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]•amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]•angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angeitis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]•ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]•antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]•anti-[抗，反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]•rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]•archo-[肛门，直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]•arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化]•arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]•-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]•-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]•audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]•auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]•bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]医学全在.线提供•bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]•baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器]•bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]•bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]•bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]•bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]•-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]•brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]•brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振]•broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]▲bronchitis[支气管炎] •bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张] •calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症] •carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] •carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物]•cardio-[心，贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardioplasty[贲门成形术]•-cele[疝，肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] •celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]•-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术] ▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] •cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] •cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑]•cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学]•chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗]•chloro-[绿，氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素] •cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩张] •cholo-[胆] ▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]•chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]•chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromosome[染色体]•-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药]•circum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术]•coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]•colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂]•colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛]▲colposcope[阴道镜]•con tra-[反，逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药]•counter-[反，逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂]•cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]•-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]•-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]•de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒]•dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]•-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]•dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]•di s-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法]•duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]•-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]•dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]医学全在线•-ectasis[扩张] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩张]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]•-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]•-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]•-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helminthemesia[吐虫]•encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿]•endo-[内] ▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲endoscope[内窥镜]•entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]•epi-[上，外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部]•erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲erythroderma[红皮病] •esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎] •extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩] •facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术] •-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的] ▲uviofast[耐紫外线]•febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热] ▲febrifacient[致热的] •feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法] •fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]•fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑] ▲forehead[前额]•-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的] ▲granuliform[颗粒状的] •fungi-[真菌，霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用] •gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]•-gen [原，剂] ▲glycogen[糖原] ▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]•-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应] •giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]•gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]•glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]•gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glucocorticoid[糖皮质激素]•glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]•-grade[级，度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]•-gram[克，图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图]•-graph(y)[……仪（法）] ▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术]•gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]•hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]•hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]•hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大]•hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]•histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学]•holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]•homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术]•hydro-[水] ▲hydropericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]•hypr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症]▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢]•hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]•hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖]•hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]•-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]•-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]•immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法]•infra-[下] ▲infraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]•inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的]•intra-[内] ▲intravenous[静脉内的]▲intracranial[颅内的]▲intramuscular[肌肉内的]•-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]•-itis[炎症] ▲cellulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎] •leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]•lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]•-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症] •-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学] •lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛] •lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]•-lysis(lytic)[松解，分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的] •macro-[大] ▲macrophage[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子] •mal-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全] •-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] •meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎]•meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲menopause[停经] •-meter[表，计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]•-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法]•micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]•mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]•multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]•myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]•myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]•naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]•neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]•nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]•neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]•non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]•nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]•nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]•oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]•oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全]▲oliguria[少尿]•-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]•onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]▲oncogene[癌基因]医.学全在.线提供•ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]•-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]•osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]•oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]•pan-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良]•-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]•-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]•pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]•-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少]•per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的]•peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的]•pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学]▲physicochemistry[药典]•physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochemistry[物理化学]•-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术] •-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]•pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]•-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促] •pneumo-[气，肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌] •poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多] •post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后] ▲postoperation[术后]•pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]•pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的] •psycho-[精神，心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]•-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂] •-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓] ▲hemoptysis[咯血]•pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲pyosis[化脓]•radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]•recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术]•retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离]•rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]•-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhagia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血]•-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术]▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]•-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]•schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂]•scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]•sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]•-scope(y)[镜，检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]•semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁]•spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]▲spondylitis[脊椎炎]医.学全,在.线,提供•-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]•sub-[下，亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的]•super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]•supra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的]▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进]•tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗]•thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学]•thrombo-[血栓，血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]•-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]•tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血]•trans-[经，转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]•-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]•ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]•utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]•vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]1．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心heart cardiao- cardialcardium/carditis/cardiology脑brain encepholo- cerebralcerebrum/encephalitis/encephalology肺lung pulmo- pulmonarypulmontiis/pulmonectomy/pulmonology肝liver hepato- hepatichepatitis/hepatobiliary/hepatology胃stomach gastro- gastricgastritis/gastrointestinal/gastrology胆gallbladder chole- biliaryholecystitis/cholinergic/cholecystectomy肠intestine entero- intestinalenteritis/enterectomy/enterology脾spleen splen- splenicsplenitis/splenectomy/splenology胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreaticpancreatitis/pancreatectomy肾kidney nephro- renal/nephricnephritis/nephropathy/nephrology2．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血blood hemo-/hematohematology/hemoglobin/hematoma血管vessel vaso-vasopressor/cardiovasology/verebrovascular静脉vein veno-venography/intravenous/venoconstriction动脉artery arterio-arteriology/arteriole/arteriosclerosis 肌muscle myo-mycology/myositis/myocarditis髓marrow myel-/myelo-myelocyte/myelitis/myeloma神经nerve neur-/neyro-neurology/neuritis/neuron细胞cell cyto-/-cytecytology/cytoma/leukocyte尿urine uro-/ur-urology/urosurgery/urogenital体body somato-/somesomatology/somatopsychic/chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单）mono-/uni-monomer/monoclone/carbonmonoxide/unidirectional二bi-/di-bilateral/biphasiccarbondioxide/dipeptide三tri-trilateral/triphasic/trigeminalnerve四tetra-tetramer/tetracycline/tetraplegia五penta-pentagon/pentachromic/pentachloride六hexa- hexachromic/benzenehexachloride(666)/hexacycliccompiund七hepta-heptachromic/heptaploid/heptavalent八 octa- octahedral/octal system九 nona- nonapeptide/nonagon十deca-decade/decagram/decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptide gastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色color chrom-/chromo-chromosome/chromatin/chromatometer红red erythro-erythrocyte/erythrocyturia/erythrometer白white leuko-leukocyte/leukemia/leukocytuira黑black melano-melena/melanoma/melanoderma黄yellow xantho-xanthopsin/xanthosis/xanthoma蓝blue cyan-/cyanocyanosis/cyanopsia/cyanemia紫 violet/purple绿 green棕 brown brown mixture/brown ring橙orange Victoria orange/ethylorange/orange G粉红 pink oink frothy sputum绯红 crimson青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病patho-pathogen/pathology/pathogenesis/-pathy -pathicneuropathy/nephropathy/adenopathy病态-osis -oticneurosis/tuberculosis/schistosomiasis增多leukocytosis/erythrocytopenia/granulocytosis减少-penia -penicleukocytopenia/erythrocytopenia/granulocytopenia无a-/an- atypical/anuria/agranulocytopeni a小/微-let droplet/platelet/leafletmicro-microscopy/microorganism/micronu cleus大/巨macro- macroscopic/macronucleus/macroph age-megalysplenomegaly/acromegaly/hepatome galy复合/多poly- polyuria/polymer/polyopia全/泛pan- pancolectomy/panmyelosis/pandemi c6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反 dis- disease/disorder/disability 困难/障碍dys- dysfunction/dyspepsia/dyspnea不良mal- malfunction/malnutrition/malpractice炎症-it is appendicitis/bronchitis/arthritis瘤/块 -oma lymphoma/adenoma/hematoma血症-emia leukemia/septisemia/bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/hypoalgesia/algometer麻痹-plegia hemipleia/pamplegia/myoplegia流出-rrhea diarrhea/hypermenorrhea/rhinorrhea坏死-necrosis necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/myonecrosis/necrospermi a结石litho-/-lith lithiasis/lithogenesis/cholelithes 7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/epithelium/supracostal下lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/subclavicular/subcutaneous 前front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- forehead/anteroposterior/precirrhosis /pre-后back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/postprandial/retrocardiac 内inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/endoscopy/entocranial外outer/external ex-/exo- extract/excretion/exocardial间between inter- intermuscular/intercostal/intercourse 旁/副on the side of para- parathyroid/paraprotein/pararenal周around peri- perioperative/pericarditis/peritoneum 中心central centri-/centra-centrifugation/centralize/centronucleus/centro-反/对opposite counter-/contra-counterpart/countershock/contraindication注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内;invitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；insitu/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除-ectomyappendectomy/gastrectomy/splenectomy切开-tomytracheotomy/hysterotomy/craniotomy切（割） -tome tracheotome/thoracotome吻合-stomyduodenoenterostomy/gastroesophagostomy成形术-plastytracheoplasty/osteoplasty/myoplasty整（矫）形ortho-orthopedics/orthopod/orthotherapy造影-graphyangiography/nephrography/phlebography经… trans-transdominal/translateral/transurethral注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。

医学英语常用前后缀,医学英语词汇单词•a-[无，缺]▲anemia[贫血]▲atonia[无张力]▲asymptomatic[无症状的]▲amenorrhea[闭经]•ab-[分离]▲abduct [外展]▲abscision[切除]•acou (acu)-[听觉]▲acumeter [听力计]▲acouophone[助听器]•acro-[肢端]▲acromegaly[肢端肥大症]▲acromastitis[乳头炎]•ad (af, an)-[邻近，向上]▲adrenal [肾上腺]▲adaxial[近轴的]▲annexa[附件]•-ad[……侧]▲ventrad[向腹侧]▲cephalad[向头侧]•adeno-[腺]▲adenocyte[腺细胞]▲adenoidism[腺体病]•adipo-[脂肪]▲adiposis[肥胖症]▲adiponecrosis[脂肪坏死]•adreno-[肾上腺]▲adrenocorticoid[肾上腺皮质激素]▲adrenalin[肾上腺素]▲adrenal[肾上腺]•-aemia(emia)[血症]▲bacteremia[菌血症]▲leukemia[白血病]•-albi (albino)-[白色]▲albumin[白蛋白]▲albinism[白化病]•-algesia[痛觉]▲hypoalgesia[痛觉减退]•-algia[痛]▲arthralgia[关节痛]▲cephalgia[头痛]▲neuralgia[神经痛]•alkali-[碱]▲alkalosis[碱中毒]•alveo-[牙槽，小沟]▲alveolitis[牙槽炎]▲alveobronchiolitis[支气管肺泡炎] •ambi-[复，双]▲ambiopia[复视]▲ambivert[双重性格]•ambly-[弱]▲amblyopia[弱视]▲amblyaphia[触觉迟钝]•amylo-[淀粉]▲amyloidosis[淀粉酶]▲amylase[淀粉酶]•angio-[血管]▲angiography[血管造影术]▲angioedema[血管性水肿]▲angei tis[脉管炎]▲angiofibroma[血管纤维瘤]•ante-[前]▲antenatal[出生前的]▲anteflexion[前屈]•antero-[前]▲anterolateral[前侧壁]▲anteroventral[前腹侧]•anti-[抗，反]▲antibiotics[抗生素]▲antihypertensives[降压药]▲anticoagulant[抗凝剂]•rarchno-[蛛网膜]▲arachnoiditis[蛛网膜炎]•a rcho-[肛门，直肠]▲archorrhagia[肛门出血]▲archosyrinx[直肠灌注器]•arterio-[动脉]▲arteriospasm[动脉痉挛]▲arteriosclerosis[动脉硬化] •arthro-[关节]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺]▲arthrotomy[关节切开术]▲arthritis[关节炎]•-ase[酶]▲oxidase[氧化酶]▲proteinase[蛋白酶]•-asthenia[无力]▲myasthenia[肌无力]▲neurasthenia[神经衰弱]•audio(audito)-[听力]▲audiology[听觉学]▲audiometer[听力计]•auto-[自己]▲autoimmune[自身免疫]▲auto hemotherapy[自体血疗法]•bacilli-[杆菌]▲bacillosis[杆菌病]▲bacilluria[杆菌尿]医学全在.线提供•bacterio-[细菌]▲bacteriology[细菌学]▲bactericide[杀菌剂]•baro-[压力]▲barometer [压力计]▲baroreceptor[压力感受器]•bary-[迟钝]▲barylalia[言语不清]▲baryacusia[听觉迟钝]•bi-[双]▲bicuspid[二尖瓣]]▲bilateral[两侧的]•bili-[胆汁]▲bilirubin[胆红素]•bio-[生命]▲biology[生物学]▲biopsy[活检]•-blast[母细胞]▲spermatoblast[精子细胞]▲melanoblast[成黑色素细胞]▲osteoblast[成骨细胞]•brachy-[短]▲brachypnea[气短]▲brachydactylia[短指畸形]•brady-[迟缓]▲bradycardia[心动过缓]▲bradypsychia[精神不振]•broncho-[支气管]▲bronchoscopy[支气管镜检查]▲bronchiostenosis[支气管痉挛]▲bro nchitis[支气管炎]•bronchiolo-[细支气管]▲bronchiolectasis[细支气管扩张] •calci-[钙]▲calcification[钙化]▲calcicosilicosis[钙沉着症] •carbo-[碳]▲carbohydrate[碳水化合物]▲carbohaemia[碳酸血症] •carcino-[癌]▲carcinogen[致癌物]•cardio-[心，贲门]▲cardiotonics[强心剂]▲cardiop lasty[贲门成形术]•-cele[疝，肿物]▲omphalocele[脐疝]▲hysterocele[子宫脱垂]▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出] •celio-[腹]▲celialgia[腹痛]▲celioscopy[腹腔镜检查]•-centesis[穿刺]▲arthrocentesis[关节穿刺术]▲abdominocentesis[腹穿] •cephalo-[头]▲cephaloxia[斜颈]▲cephalopathy[头部疾病]▲cephalotomy[穿颅术] •cerebello-[小脑]▲cerebellitis[小脑炎]▲cerebellum[小脑]•cerebro-[大脑]▲cerebritis[大脑炎]▲cerebrology[脑学]•chemo-[化学]▲chemotherapy[化疗]•chloro-[绿，氯]▲chloroform[氯仿]▲chloromycetin[氯霉素]▲chlorophyll[叶绿素] •cholangio-[胆道]▲cholangitis[胆管炎]▲cholangiectasis[胆管扩张] •cholo-[胆]▲cholagogue[利胆剂]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]▲cholecystitis[胆囊炎]▲cholesterol[胆固醇]•chondro-[软骨]▲chondrosarcoma[软骨肉瘤]▲chondrification[骨软化]•chromo-[色素] ▲cytochrome[细胞色素]▲chromo some[染色体]•-cide[杀……剂] ▲germicide[杀菌剂]▲aborticide[堕胎药]•circum-[周围] ▲circumoral[口周的]▲circumcision[包皮环切术] •coagulo-[凝固] ▲coagulant[凝血剂]•colo-[结肠] ▲colotomy[结肠切开术]▲coloptosis[结肠下垂]•colpo (coleo)-[阴道] ▲coleospastia[阴道痉挛] ▲co lposcope[阴道镜]•contra-[反，逆] ▲contraindication[禁忌证]▲contraceptive[避孕药]•counter-[反，逆] ▲counteragent[拮抗剂]▲conuterpoison[解毒剂]•cranio-[颅] ▲craniomalacia[颅骨软化]▲cranioclasis[碎颅术]•-cyst-[囊] ▲cystomy[膀胱切开术]▲dacryocyst[泪囊]•-cyte-[细胞] ▲lymphocyte[淋巴细胞]▲cytolysis[细胞溶解]•de-[除去] ▲detoxication[解毒]•dento[牙] ▲dentistry[牙科学]▲dentalgia[牙痛]•-derm-[皮肤] ▲epiderm[表皮]▲dermatology[皮肤病学]▲dermoplasty[皮肤成形术]•dextro-[右] ▲dextrocardia[右位心]▲dexiotropic[右旋的]•dis-[分离] ▲discission[分离术]▲disinfection[消毒法]•duodeno-[十二指肠] ▲duodenitis[十二指肠炎]▲duodenostomy[十二指肠造口术]•-dynia[痛] ▲acrodynia[肢体痛]▲urethrodynia[尿道痛]•dys-[异常] ▲dysfunction[功能不良]▲dyshormonism[内分泌障碍]▲dysuria[排尿困难]•-ectasis[扩张] ▲gastroectasis[胃扩张]▲aerenterectasia[肠胀气]▲bronchiectasia[支气管扩张]•-ectomy[切除术] ▲appendectomy[阑尾切除术]▲lipectomy[脂肪切除术]•-edema[水肿] ▲encephaledema[脑水肿]▲myxedema[粘液性水肿]•-emesia[呕] ▲hematemesia[呕血]▲helmi nthemesia[吐虫] •encephalo-[脑] ▲encephaloma[脑瘤]▲encephaledema[脑水肿]•endo-[内] ▲endocarditis[心内膜炎]▲endoscope[内窥镜]•entero-[肠] ▲enteritis[肠炎]▲enterovirus[肠病毒]•epi-[上，外] ▲epigastrium[上腹部] •erythro-[红] ▲erythromycin[红霉素]▲er ythroderma[红皮病]•esophago-[食管] ▲esophagoscope[食管镜]▲esophagitis[食管炎]•extra-[……外] ▲extracellular[细胞外的]▲extrasystole[额外收缩]•facio-[面] ▲facioplegia[面瘫]▲facioplasty[面部成形术]•-fast[耐] ▲acid-fast[抗酸的]▲uviofast[耐紫外线]•febri-[热] ▲febricula[低热]▲febrifacient[致热的]•feti-[胎儿] ▲feticulture[妊娠期卫生]▲fetometry[胎儿测量法]•fibro-[纤维] ▲fibroblast[成纤维细胞]▲fibrosis[纤维化]•fore-[前] ▲forebrain[前脑]▲forehead[前额]•-form[形状] ▲oviform[卵形的]▲granuliform[颗粒状的]•fungi-[真菌，霉菌] ▲fungicide[杀真菌剂]▲fungistasis[制霉菌作用]•gastro-[胃] ▲gastroptosis[胃下垂]▲gastroenteritis[胃肠炎]▲gastroscopy[胃镜检查]▲gastratrophy[胃萎缩]•-gen [原，剂] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲pathogen[病原体]▲androgen[雄激素]▲Estrogen[雌激素]•-genic[……性] ▲cardiogenic[心源性的]▲allergenic[变应反应]•giganto-[巨大] ▲gigantocyte[巨红细胞]▲gigantism[巨大症]•gingivo-[牙龈] ▲gingivitis[牙龈炎]▲gingivostomatitis[牙龈口腔炎]•glosso-[舌] ▲glossoplegia[舌瘫痪]•gluco-[糖] ▲glucoprotein[糖蛋白]▲glu cocorticoid[糖皮质激素]•glyco-[糖] ▲glycogen[糖原]▲glycouria[糖尿]•-grade[级，度] ▲centigrade[摄氏温度计]▲retrograde[逆行性]•-gram[克，图] ▲microgram[微克]▲electroencephalogram[脑电图]•-graph(y)[……仪（法）] ▲electrocardiogram[心电图]▲bronchography[支气管造影术]•gyneco-[妇女] ▲gynecology[妇科学]▲gynecopathy[妇科病]•hemo(hemato)-[血] ▲hemoglobin[血红蛋白]▲hematoma[血肿]•hemi-[半] ▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]▲hemicrania[偏头病]•hepato-[肝] ▲hepatitis[肝炎]▲hepatocirrhosis[肝硬化]▲hepatosplenomegaly[肝脾肿大]•hidro-[汗] ▲hyperhidrosis[多汗症]▲anhidrosis[无汗症]•histo-[组织] ▲histology[组织学]▲histomorphology[组织形态学]•holo-[全] ▲holonarcosis[全麻]▲holoenzyme[全酶]•homo-[同] ▲homotype[同型]▲homologue[同系物]▲homoplasty[同种移植术]•hydro-[水] ▲hydr opericardium[心包积水]▲hydrolysis [水解]•hypr-[高] ▲hypercalcemia[高钙血症] ▲hyperthyroidism[甲亢]•hypno-[睡眼] ▲hypnotics[安眠药]▲hypnotherapy[催眠疗法]•hypo-[低] ▲hypotension[低血压]▲hypoglycemia[低血糖]•hystero-[子宫] ▲hysterospasm[子宫痉挛]▲hy steroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ia[病] ▲melancholia[忧郁症]▲pyrexia[发热]•-iatrics[医学] ▲pediatrics[儿科学]▲geriatrics[老年病学]•-iatry[医学] ▲psychiatry[精神病学]▲pediatry[儿科学]•immuno-[免疫] ▲immunoglobulin[免疫球蛋白]▲immunotherapy[免疫疗法]•infra-[下] ▲i nfraorbital[眶下的]▲infrared[红外线]•inter-[间] ▲intervertebral[椎间的]▲intercellular[细胞间的]•intra-[内] ▲intravenous[静脉内的]▲intracranial[颅内的]▲intramuscular[肌肉内的]•-ist[家] ▲pathologist[病理学家]▲anatomist[解剖学家]•-itis[炎症] ▲ce llulitis[蜂窝织炎]▲myocarditis[心肌炎]•leuco (leuko)-[白] ▲leucorrhea[白带]▲leukocytosis[白细胞增多]▲leukemia[白血病]•lipo-(脂) ▲lipotrophy[脂肪增多]▲lipase[脂酶]•-lith[结石] ▲cholelith[胆结石]▲cholelithiasis[胆石症]•-logy[学] ▲terminology[术语学]▲Cardiology[心脏病学]•lumbo-[腰] ▲lumbosacral[腰骶部的]▲lumbago[腰背痛]▲lumbodynia[腰痛]•lympho-[淋巴] ▲lymphedema[淋巴水肿]▲lymphocytopenia[淋巴细胞减少]•-lysis(lytic)[松解，分解了] ▲aythrolysis[关节松解术]▲spasmolytic[解痉的]•macro-[大] ▲macroph age[巨噬细胞]▲macromolecule[大分子]•mal-[不良] ▲malnutrition[营养不良]▲malfunction[功能不全]•-megaly[巨大] ▲cardiomegaly[心扩大]▲cephalomegaly[巨头畸形] •meningo-[脑膜] ▲meningitis[脑膜炎]▲meningocephalitis[脑膜脑炎] •meno-[月经] ▲dysmenorrhea[痛经]▲m enopause[停经]•-meter[表，计] ▲spirometer[肺活量计]▲pyrometer[高温表]•-metry[测量法] ▲iodometry[碘定量法] •micro-[小] ▲micropump[微泵]▲microliter[微升]•mono-[单-] ▲mononucleosis[单核细胞增多]▲monomer[单体]•multi-[多] ▲multinuclear[多核的]▲multipara[经产妇]•myelo-[髓] ▲myelocele[脊髓膨出]▲myelocyte[髓细胞]•myo-[肌] ▲myocarditis[心肌炎]▲myofibroma[肌纤维瘤]•naso-[鼻] ▲nasoscope[鼻镜]▲nasitis[鼻炎]•neo-[新] ▲neoplasm[瘤]▲neomycin[新霉素]•nephro-[肾] ▲nephropathy[肾病]▲nephrosclerosis[肾硬变]•neuro-[神经] ▲neuroma[神经瘤]▲neurodermatitis[神经性皮炎]•non-[非] ▲non-electrolyte[非电解质]▲nonfetal[非致命的]•nulli-[无] ▲nullipara[未产妇]▲nulligravida[未孕妇]•nutri-[营养] ▲nutrition[营养]▲nutrology[营养学]•oculo-[眼] ▲oculist[眼科医生]▲oculus dexter[右眼]▲oculus sinister[左眼]•oligo-[少] ▲oligophrenia[智力发育不全] ▲oliguria[少尿]•-oma[肿瘤] ▲adenoma[腺瘤]▲osteoma[骨瘤]•onco-[肿瘤] ▲oncology[肿瘤学]•ophthalmo-[眼] ▲ophthalmocele[眼球突出]▲ophthalmoplegia[眼肌麻痹]•-osis[病] ▲cirrhosis[肝硬化]▲mycosis[霉菌病]•osteo-[骨] ▲osteomalacia[骨软化]▲osteoarthritis[骨关节炎]•oto-[耳] ▲otolith[耳石]▲otoplasty[耳成形术]▲otopyosis[耳化脓]•pa n-[全] ▲panimmunity[多种免疫]▲pantalgia[全身痛]▲pantatrophia[全身营养不良]•-para[产妇] ▲primipara[初产妇]▲nullipara[未产妇]•-pathy[病] ▲dermatopathy[皮肤病]▲Cardiomyopathy[心肌病]•pedia-[儿童] ▲pediatrician[儿科医师]▲pediatrics[儿科学]•-penia[减少] ▲leucopenia[白细胞减少]▲thrombopenia[血小板减少]•per-[经] ▲percutaneous[经皮肤的]•peri-[周围] ▲pericarditis[心包炎]▲perianal[肛周的]•pharmaco-[药] ▲pharmacokinetics[药代动力学] ▲physicochemistry[药典]•physio-[物理▲physiotheraphy[理疗]▲physicochem istry[物理化学]•-plasty[成形术] ▲angioplasty[血管成形术]▲homoplasty[同种移植]▲gastroplasty[胃成形术]•-plegia[瘫] ▲paraplegia[截瘫]▲hemiplegia[偏瘫]•pleuro-[胸膜] ▲pleuritis[胸膜炎]▲pleurocentesis[胸腔穿刺术]•-pnea[呼吸] ▲orthopnea[端坐呼吸]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•pneumo-[气，肺] ▲pneumothorax[气胸]▲pneumococcus[肺炎球菌]•poly-[多] ▲polyuria[多尿]▲polycholia[胆汗过多]•post-[后] ▲postpartum[产后]▲postoperation[术后]•pre-[前] ▲premenopause[绝经前期]▲premature[早搏]▲preload[前负荷]•pseudo-[假] ▲psudohypertrophy[假性肥大]▲psudomembranous[假膜的]•psycho-[精神，心理] ▲psychology[心理学]▲psychiatry[精神病学]•-ptosis[下垂] ▲nephroptosis[肾下垂]▲hysteroptosis[子宫下垂]•-ptysis[咯] ▲pyoptysis[咯脓]▲hemoptysis[咯血]•pyo-[脓] ▲pyorrhea[溢脓]▲p yosis[化脓]•radio-[放射] ▲radiotherapy[放疗]▲radiology[放射学]•recto-[直肠] ▲rectitis[直肠炎]▲rectectomy[直肠切除术]•retino-[视网膜] ▲retinitis[视网膜炎]▲retinodialysis[视网膜分离] •rhino-[鼻] ▲rhinitis[鼻炎]▲rhinorrhea[鼻漏]•-rrhagia[出血] ▲gastorrhag ia[胃出血]▲hemorrhage[出血]▲pneumorrhagia[肺出血]•-rrhaphy[缝合术] ▲neurorrhaphy[神经缝合术] ▲Vasorrhaphy[输卵管缝合术]•-rrhea[流出] ▲diarrhea[腹泻]▲menorrhea[月经]•schisto-[裂] ▲schistosomiasis[血吸虫病]▲schistoglossia[舌裂]•scirrho-[硬] ▲scirrhosarca[硬皮病]▲scirrhoma[硬癌]•sclero-[硬] ▲scleroderma[硬皮病]▲sclerometer[硬度计]•-scope(y)[镜，检查] ▲stethoscope[听诊器]▲otoscope[耳镜]▲proctoscopy[直肠镜检查法]•semi-[半] ▲semicoma[半昏迷]▲semiliquid[半流汁]•spondylo-[脊椎] ▲spondylopathy[脊椎病]•-stomy[造口术] ▲colostomy[结肠造口术]▲ilecolostomy[回结肠吻合术]•sub-[下，亚] ▲subacute[亚急性]▲subabdominal[下腹部的]•super-[在…上] ▲superficial[浅的]▲superoxide[超氧化物]•su pra-[上] ▲supraventricular[室上性的] ▲suprarenalism[肾上腺机能亢进] •tachy-[快] ▲tachycardia[心动过速]▲tachypnea[呼吸急促]•-therapy[治疗] ▲massotherapy[按摩治疗]▲pharmacotherapy[药物治疗] •thermo-[热] ▲thermometer[温度计]▲thermatology[热疗学]•thrombo-[血栓，血小板] ▲thrombolysis[溶栓]▲thrombocytopenia[血小板减少症]▲thrombosis[血]•-tomy[切开术] ▲tracheotomy[气管切开术]▲ovariotomy[卵巢切开术]•tracheo-[气管] ▲tracheoscope[气管镜]▲tracheorrhagia[气管出血]•trans-[经，转移] ▲transurethral[经尿道]▲transfusion[输血]•-trophy[营养] ▲dystrophy[营养不良]▲atrophy[萎缩]•ultra-[超过] ▲ultraviolet[紫外线]▲ultrasound[超声]•utero-[子宫] ▲uteroscope[子宫镜]▲uterotonic[宫缩剂]•vaso-[血管] ▲vasomotion[血管舒缩]▲Vasodilator[血管扩张剂]。

医学英语词根最终打印版Hessen was revised in January 20211．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心 heart cardiao - cardial cardium/ carditis/ cardiology脑 brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/ encephalitis/ encephalology肺 lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/ pulmonectomy/ pulmonology肝 liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/ hepatobiliary/ hepatology胃 stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/ gastrointestinal/ gastrology胆 gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/ cholinergic/ cholecystectomy 肠 intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/ enterectomy/ enterology脾 spleen splen- splenic splenitis/ splenectomy/ splenology胰 pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/ pancreatectomy肾 kidney nephro- renal/ nephric nephritis/ nephropathy/ nephrology．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血 blood hemo-/hemato hematology/ hemoglobin/ hematoma血管 vessel vaso- vasopressor/ cardiovasology/ verebrovascular静脉 vein veno- venography/ intravenous/ venoconstriction动脉 artery arterio- arteriology/ arteriole/ arteriosclerosis 肌 muscle myo- mycology/ myositis/ myocarditis髓 marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/ myelitis/ myeloma神经 nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/ neuritis/ neuron细胞 cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/ cytoma/ leukocyte尿 urine uro-/ur- urology/ urosurgery/ urogenital体 body somato-/some somatology/ somatopsychic/ chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单） mono-/uni- monomer/ monoclone/ carbon monoxide/ unidirectional二 bi-/di- bilateral/ biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide三 tri- trilateral/ triphasic/ trigeminal nerve四 tetra- tetramer/ tetracycline/ tetraplegia五 penta- pentagon/ pentachromic/ pentachloride六 hexa- hexachromic/ benzene hexachloride(666)/ hexacycliccompiund七 hepta- heptachromic/ heptaploid/ heptavalent八 octa- octahedral/ octal system九 nona- nonapeptide/ nonagon十 deca- d ecade/ decagram/ decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptidegastrin（十四肽胃泌素）， octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色 color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/ chromatin/ chromatometer红 red erythro- erythrocyte/ erythrocyturia/ erythrometer 白 white leuko- leukocyte/ leukemia/ leukocytuira黑 black melano- melena/ melanoma/ melanoderma黄 yellow xantho- xanthopsin/ xanthosis/ xanthoma绿 green棕 brown brown mixture/ brown ring橙 orange Victoria orange/ ethyl orange/ orange G粉红 pink oink frothy sputum绯红 crimson青铜 bronzed bronzed diabetes蓝 blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/ cyanopsia/ cyanemia紫 violet/ purple注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病 patho- pathogen/ pathology/ pathogenesis/-pathy -pathic neuropathy/ nephropathy/ adenopathy病态 -osis –otic neurosis/ tuberculosis/ schistosomiasis增多 leukocytosis/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytosis减少 -penia -penic leukocytopenia/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytopenia无 a-/an- atypical/ anuria/ agranulocytopenia小/微 -let droplet/ platelet/ leafletmicro- microscopy/ microorganism/ micronucleus大/巨 macro- macroscopic/ macronucleus/ macrophage-megaly splenomegaly/ acromegaly/ hepatomegaly复合/多 poly- polyuria/ polymer/ polyopia全/泛 pan- pancolectomy/ panmyelosis/ pandemic6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反 dis- disease/ disorder/ disability 困难/障碍 dys- dysfunction/ dyspepsia/ dyspnea不良 mal- malfunction/ malnutrition/ malpractice炎症 -itis appendicitis/ bronchitis/ arthritis瘤/块 -oma lymphoma/ adenoma/ hematoma血症 -emia leukemia/ septisemia/ bacteremia痛 -algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/ hypoalgesia/ algometer麻痹 -plegia hemipleia/ pamplegia/ myoplegia流出 -rrhea diarrhea/ hypermenorrhea/ rhinorrhea坏死 -necrosis /necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/ myonecrosis/ necrospermia结石 litho-/-lith lithiasis/ lithogenesis/ cholelithes7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上 upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/ epithelium/ supracostal下 lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/ subclavicular/ subcutaneous前 front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- /pre- forehead/ anteroposterior/ precirrhosis后 back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/ postprandial/ retrocardiac内 inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/ endoscopy/ entocranial外 outer/external ex-/exo- extract/ excretion/ exocardial间 between inter- intermuscular/ intercostal/ intercourse旁/副 on the side of para- parathyroid/ paraprotein/ pararenal周 around peri- perioperative/ pericarditis/ peritoneum中心 central centri-/centra- /centro- centrifugation/ centralize/ centronucleus反/对 opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/ countershock/ contraindication 注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内; in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；in situ/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除 -ectomy appendectomy/ gastrectomy/ splenectomy切开 -tomy tracheotomy/ hysterotomy/ craniotomy切（割） -tome tracheotome/ thoracotome吻合 -stomy duodenoenterostomy/ gastroesophagostomy成形术 -plasty tracheoplasty/ osteoplasty/ myoplasty整（矫）形 ortho- orthopedics/ orthopod/ orthotherapy造影 -graphy angiography/ nephrography/ phlebography经… trans- transdominal/ translateral/ transurethral注： ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。

1．人体主要器官前缀名称通用名前（后）缀常用形容词示例心heart cardiao - cardial cardium/ carditis/ cardiology脑brain encepholo- cerebral cerebrum/ encephalitis/ encephalology肺lung pulmo- pulmonary pulmontiis/ pulmonectomy/ pulmonology肝liver hepato- hepatic hepatitis/ hepatobiliary/ hepatology胃stomach gastro- gastric gastritis/ gastrointestinal/ gastrology胆gallbladder chole- biliary holecystitis/ cholinergic/ cholecystectomy 肠intestine entero- intestinal enteritis/ enterectomy/ enterology脾spleen splen- splenic splenitis/ splenectomy/ splenology胰pancreas pancreato- pancreatic pancreatitis/ pancreatectomy肾kidney nephro- renal/ nephric nephritis/ nephropathy/ nephrology．与人体系统、器官有关的前（后）缀名称通用名前（后）缀示例血blood hemo-/hemato hematology/ hemoglobin/ hematoma血管vessel vaso- vasopressor/ cardiovasology/ verebrovascular 静脉vein veno- venography/ intravenous/ venoconstriction 动脉artery arterio- arteriology/ arteriole/ arteriosclerosis 肌muscle myo- mycology/ myositis/ myocarditis髓marrow myel-/myelo- myelocyte/ myelitis/ myeloma神经nerve neur-/neyro- neurology/ neuritis/ neuron细胞cell cyto-/-cyte cytology/ cytoma/ leukocyte尿urine uro-/ur- urology/ urosurgery/ urogenital体body somato-/some somatology/ somatopsychic/ chromosome3．与数字有关的前缀数字前缀示例一（单）mono-/uni- monomer/ monoclone/ carbon monoxide/ unidirectional 二bi-/di- bilateral/ biphasiccarbon dioxide/dipeptide三tri- trilateral/ triphasic/ trigeminal nerve四tetra- tetramer/ tetracycline/ tetraplegia五penta- pentagon/ pentachromic/ pentachloride六hexa- hexachromic/ benzene hexachloride(666)/ hexacycliccompiund七hepta- heptachromic/ heptaploid/ heptavalent八octa- octahedral/ octal system九nona- nonapeptide/ nonagon十deca- d ecade/ decagram/ decaliter注：十位数的表示一般为：个位数前缀+deca，如：hexadecanol（十六烷醇），tetradecapeptidegastrin（十四肽胃泌素），octadecanoic acid（十八烷酸）4．颜色及与颜色有关的前缀颜色通用名前缀示例色color chrom-/chromo- chromosome/ chromatin/ chromatometer红red erythro- erythrocyte/ erythrocyturia/ erythrometer白white leuko- leukocyte/ leukemia/ leukocytuira黑black melano- melena/ melanoma/ melanoderma黄yellow xantho- xanthopsin/ xanthosis/ xanthoma绿green棕brown brown mixture/ brown ring橙orange Victoria orange/ ethyl orange/ orange G 粉红pink oink frothy sputum绯红crimson青铜bronzed bronzed diabetes蓝blue cyan-/cyano cyanosis/ cyanopsia/ cyanemia紫violet/ purple注：有些病名的“蓝”“紫”“青”为同义，其前缀都为“cyano-”.5．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(1)含义前（后）缀形容词示例病patho- pathogen/ pathology/ pathogenesis/ -pathy -pathic neuropathy/ nephropathy/ adenopathy病态-osis –otic neurosis/ tuberculosis/ schistosomiasis增多leukocytosis/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytosis减少-penia -penic leukocytopenia/ erythrocytopenia/ granulocytopenia无a-/an- atypical/ anuria/ agranulocytopenia小/微-let droplet/ platelet/ leafletmicro- microscopy/ microorganism/ micronucleus大/巨macro- macroscopic/ macronucleus/ macrophage -megaly splenomegaly/ acromegaly/ hepatomegaly复合/多poly- polyuria/ polymer/ polyopia全/泛pan- pancolectomy/ panmyelosis/ pandemic6．与疾病和疾患有关的前（后）缀(2)含义前（后）缀示例相反dis- disease/ disorder/ disability困难/障碍dys- dysfunction/ dyspepsia/ dyspnea不良mal- malfunction/ malnutrition/ malpractice炎症-itis appendicitis/ bronchitis/ arthritis瘤/块-oma lymphoma/ adenoma/ hematoma血症-emia leukemia/ septisemia/ bacteremia痛-algia/-algesia/alge-/algo- analgesia/ hypoalgesia/ algometer麻痹-plegia hemipleia/ pamplegia/ myoplegia流出-rrhea diarrhea/ hypermenorrhea/ rhinorrhea坏死-necrosis /necro-/necr- hepatonecrosis/ myonecrosis/ necrospermia结石litho-/-lith lithiasis/ lithogenesis/ cholelithes7．与方位有关的前缀含义通用词前缀示例上upper/superior pi-/supra- epidemic/ epithelium/ supracostal下lower/inferior nfra-/sub- infracostal/ subclavicular/ subcutaneous前front/anterior/prior fore-/ante- /pre- forehead/ anteroposterior/ precirrhosis后back/posterior post-/retro- posthepatic/ postprandial/ retrocardiac内inner/internal in-/endo-/ento- inhalation/ endoscopy/ entocranial外outer/external ex-/exo- extract/ excretion/ exocardial间between inter- intermuscular/ intercostal/ intercourse旁/副on the side of para- parathyroid/ paraprotein/ pararenal周around peri- perioperative/ pericarditis/ peritoneum中心central centri-/centra- /centro- centrifugation/ centralize/ centronucleus 反/对opposite counter-/contra- counterpart/ countershock/ contraindication注：in vivo/in’vaivou/活体内; in vitro/in vaitrou/活体外或试管内；in situ/in’saitju:/原位8．与外科手术有关的前（后）缀含义前（后）缀示例切除-ectomy appendectomy/ gastrectomy/ splenectomy切开-tomy tracheotomy/ hysterotomy/ craniotomy切（割）-tome tracheotome/ thoracotome吻合-stomy duodenoenterostomy/ gastroesophagostomy成形术-plasty tracheoplasty/ osteoplasty/ myoplasty整（矫）形ortho- orthopedics/ orthopod/ orthotherapy造影-graphy angiography/ nephrography/ phlebography 经…trans- transdominal/ translateral/ transurethral注：ortho-也是“正”“原”的前缀，如：ortho-acid（正酸）-graphy为方法，如：electrocardigraphy心电图检查术；graph为仪器，如：electrocardigraph心电图机；gram为图象，文字，如：electrocardiogram心电图记录。

医学英语词根词缀表a前缀无ab前缀从...离开acantho词根棘，刺acetabulo词根髋臼acouo词根听觉acro词根顶，肢acromio词根肩峰ad前缀向...靠近，到...上adeno词根腺adipo词根脂肪的adreno词根肾上腺aero词根气agglutino词根凝集agra后缀严重的疼痛albo前缀白algesi词根痛觉的感受algia后缀痛alveolo词根肺泡alveolo词根牙槽amnio词根羊膜amphi前缀两侧ampullo词根壶腹amylo词根淀粉an前缀无ana前缀向上，重回到andro词根雄aneurysmo词根异常扩大angino词根阻塞ankylo词根弯曲ano词根肛门ante前缀在前anti前缀抗aorto词根主动脉apico词根顶apo前缀离去，从appendico词根阑尾appendo词根阑尾aquo词根水arterio词根动脉arteriolo词根小动脉arthro词根关节articulo词根关节ase后缀酶astro词根星atelo词根不完全的，有缺陷的athero词根脂肪堆积atrio词根腔audio词根听觉auro词根耳auro词根金auto前缀自axio词根轴balano词根龟头bary前缀重、压baso词根碱bi前缀双，倍bili词根胆汁blast后缀母细胞blenno词根粘液blepharo词根睑brachy词根短bronchio词根支气管bronchiolo词根细支气管broncho词根支气管bucco词根颊bulbo词根球部burso词根滑液囊caco词根坏calcaneo词根跟骨calci词根钙capillo词根非常小的血管capnia后缀二氧化碳carcino词根癌carcinoma后缀癌cardio词根心carpo词根腕cata前缀向下cautero词根燃烧ceco词根盲肠cele后缀突出、积水celio词根腹cemento词根牙骨质centesis后缀穿刺术centi前缀百分之一cerebello词根小脑cerebro词根大脑cerumino词根耵聍cervico词根颈cervico词根颈，宫颈cheilo词根唇chemo词根化学chlorhydro词根盐酸chloro前缀绿chole词根胆汁cholecysto词根胆囊choledocho词根总胆管chondro词根软骨chorio词根绒膜chromo词根颜色cineo词根活动circum前缀环行clasis后缀破裂clast后缀破坏用器械claviculo词根锁骨cleisis后缀关闭clysis后缀洗co前缀与...在一起cocco词根球菌coccygo词根尾骨cochleo词根耳蜗collo词根胶colo词根结肠colpo词根阴道conjunctivo词根结膜contra前缀反，对抗coreo词根瞳孔，虹膜corneo词根角，角膜corono词根冠costo词根肋cranio词根颅骨crine后缀分泌cryo词根冷crypto词根隐藏culdo词根囊袋、窝cuti词根皮肤cyano前缀蓝cyclo词根环cyeso词根妊娠cysto词根膀胱，囊cyte后缀细胞dacryo词根眼泪dactylo词根指头de前缀去denti词根牙齿dentino词根牙本质dermato词根皮肤dermo词根皮肤di前缀双，倍dia前缀通过diaphoro词根汗diaphragmato词根膈diaphragmo词根膈diplo前缀双，倍dipso词根渴dis前缀离开duodeno词根十二指肠dys前缀坏，痛，困难ectasia后缀扩张ectasis后缀扩张ecto前缀外ectomy后缀切除术ego前缀我embryo词根胚胎emeo词根呕吐emia后缀血的状况emia后缀血emphraxis后缀梗阻en前缀内encephalo词根脑endo前缀内部entero词根小肠epi前缀外，上epididymo词根附睾epiglotto词根会厌episio词根外阴ergo词根工作，能力erythro前缀红esophago词根食道esthesio词根感觉eu前缀好，正常eustachio词根咽骨管ex前缀在外，离开exo前缀在...之外extra前缀在外，超过fasciculo词根束fascio词根筋膜febri词根发热feca词根粪便femoro词根股骨fero词根传递，输送ferro词根铁fibrino词根纤维素fibro词根纤维fibro词根纤维fibulo词根腓骨fistulo词根瘘folliculo词根小腔，囊galacto词根乳gameto词根配子ganglio词根神经节gangliono词根神经节gastro词根胃genito词根生殖器gero词根年龄geronto词根年龄geusia后缀味gingivo词根牙龈glauco前缀灰绿glio词根胶质，粘globo词根球glomerulo词根小球glosso词根舌gluco词根糖glyco词根糖gnatho词根颌gnosis后缀知识gonado词根性腺gono词根生殖器gram后缀记录granulo词根结节graph后缀记录graphy后缀记录gravido词根妊娠gyneco词根女性halo词根盐haplo前缀单hebe前缀青年hecto前缀百helcosis后缀溃疡形成hemato词根血hemi前缀半hemo词根血hepato词根肝hernio词根疝hidro词根汗histo词根组织holo词根整个humero词根肱骨hyalo词根透明的hydro词根水hyper前缀超过，高hypno词根睡眠hypo前缀低hystero词根子宫ia后缀状况iatrics后缀愈合iatry后缀愈合ictero词根黄疸idio词根自己ileo词根回肠ilio词根髂骨immuno词根免疫in前缀在内in前缀不in后缀素incudo词根砧骨infra前缀在下ino词根纤维inter前缀在...之间intra前缀在内iono词根离子ionto词根离子irido词根虹膜iro词根虹膜ischio词根坐骨ism后缀状况iso词根异，相等ist后缀者itis后缀炎ium后缀部分jejuno词根空肠kal词根钾karyo词根核kerato词根角质，硬kerato词根角膜kilo前缀千kinesia后缀移动kleisis后缀关闭klepto词根偷窃kypho词根驼背labio词根唇labyrintho词根迷路lacrimo词根眼泪，泪小管lalia后缀言语lamino词根椎板laparo词根腹壁laryngo词根喉leuko前缀白linguo词根舌lipo词根脂肪lithiasis后缀结石litho词根石lobo词根叶logist后缀学者logy后缀学科lordo词根弯曲luco词根光，透明lumbo词根腰lympho词根淋巴lysis后缀溶解malacia后缀软化malleo词根锤骨mammo词根乳房mandibulo词根下颌骨mania后缀极端、强制、偏见masto词根乳房maxillo词根上颌骨mediastino词根纵隔mega词根大megalo词根大melano前缀黑meningio词根脑膜meningo词根脑膜meno词根月经mento词根颏mento词根精神、心理mero词根部分mesentero词根肠系膜meso词根中间的meta前缀超过，在后metacarpo词根掌骨metatarso词根柘骨meter后缀测量工具metro词根子宫metry后缀测量micro词根微milli前缀千分之一mono前缀单muco词根粘液multi前缀多musculo词根肌肉muto词根变化，突变myco词根真菌myelino词根髓myelo词根脊髓，骨髓myo词根肌肉myoso词根肌肉myringo词根耳鼓myxo词根粘液narco词根麻木naso词根鼻natri词根钠necro词根死亡neo词根新nephro词根肾neuro词根神经nigro前缀黑nodo词根结nucleo词根核obstetrico词根产科occluso词根牙（牙合）oculo词根眼odonto词根牙齿odynia后缀痛oid后缀象...样的olecrano词根肘oligo词根少oma后缀瘤omento词根网膜omphalo词根脐onco词根肿瘤，块onycho词根甲，甲床ooo词根卵子oophoro词根卵巢ophthalmo词根眼opia后缀视觉or后缀器具，者orchido词根睾丸orchio词根睾丸orexi词根食欲oro词根口orrhagia后缀大量流出orrhaphy后缀缝合术orrhea后缀流出、分泌orrhexis后缀破裂ortho词根直的osis后缀病理状况osteo词根骨ostomy后缀造口或吻合oto词根耳ous后缀含...的，分泌...的ovario词根卵巢ovo词根卵子oxo词根氧oxy词根氧palato词根腭pallio词根减轻palpebro词根睑pancreato词根胰腺papillo词根乳头状突起par(t)o词根娩出para前缀旁，异parasympathetico词根副交感parasympathico词根副交感parasympatho词根副交感parathyroido词根甲状旁腺patello词根髌骨pathy后缀病理状况pectoro词根胸pelvo词根骨盆penia后缀不足peno词根阴茎pento前缀五pepsi词根消化pepti词根消化per前缀通过peri前缀周围perineo词根会阴peritoneo词根腹膜pexy后缀固定phaco词根晶体phago词根吞噬phalango词根指骨phallo词根阴茎pharmaco词根药pharyngo词根咽pharyngo词根咽philo词根嗜phlebo词根静脉phobia后缀害怕photo词根光，透明phrenia后缀精神、心理phrenico词根膈神经phreno词根膈phylaxis后缀保卫physis后缀生长pilo词根毛发pinealo词根松果体plasia后缀形成plasm后缀形成的东西plasmo词根浆plasty后缀成形plegia后缀麻痹pleuro词根胸膜pnea后缀呼吸pneumo词根气，肺pneumono词根气，肺podo词根足poiesis后缀产生polio前缀灰白poly前缀多polypo词根息肉post前缀在后pre前缀在前pro前缀在后procto词根肛门和直肠pros前缀到，靠近，附上prostato词根前列腺prostho词根假牙，义肢pseudo词根假psycho词根精神、心理ptosis后缀下垂ptyalo词根唾液ptyo词根唾液pubio词根耻骨pubo词根耻骨pulmo词根肺pulmono词根肺pupillo词根瞳孔pyelo词根肾盂pyloro词根幽门pyo词根脓pyro词根热quadri前缀四quarto前缀四rachio词根脊柱radico词根根治radio词根桡骨radio词根放射ramo词根分支recto词根直肠reno词根肾reticulo词根网retino词根视网膜retro词根向后rhino词根鼻roentgeno词根X线rub前缀红saccharo词根糖sacculo词根小囊sacro词根骶骨saliva词根唾液salpingo词根管salpingo词根管，输卵管sarco词根肉sarco词根肉瘤sarcoma后缀肉瘤scapulo词根肩胛schesis后缀抑制排出schizo词根分裂schizo词根分裂sclero词根巩膜sclerosis后缀硬化scolio词根弯曲scope后缀镜scopy后缀镜检查scroto词根阴囊sebo词根油脂seco词根切semi前缀半semino词根精子septo词根腐败sero词根血清sialadeno词根唾液腺sialo词根唾液sidero词根铁sigmoido词根乙状结肠silico词根硅sino词根窦somato词根体somni词根睡眠sono词根声sopori词根沉睡spasmo词根痉挛spermato词根精子spermo词根精子sphinctero词根括约肌sphygmo词根脉搏spino词根脊髓spiro词根呼吸splanchno词根内脏spleno词根脾spondylo词根椎骨stapedo词根镫骨staphylo词根束stasis后缀制止、停止stasis后缀停止steato词根脂肪stenosis后缀狭窄stereo词根立体sterno词根胸骨stero词根固stetho词根胸stomato词根口sub前缀在下submaxillo词根下颌骨succo词根分泌sudoro词根汗super前缀在上supra前缀高于surgery后缀外科surgico词根外科sympathetico词根交感sympathico词根交感sympatho词根交感syn前缀合成syndesmo词根韧带synovio词根滑液syringo词根瘘管tacho词根快速talo词根踝，距骨tarso词根踝，跗骨taxis后缀排列tel词根远的tele词根远的tendino词根腱tendo词根腱teno词根腱terato词根畸胎testo词根睾丸tetra前缀四thalamo词根丘脑therapy后缀治疗thio词根硫thoraco词根胸thrombo词根凝thymo词根胸腺thyro词根甲状腺thyroido词根甲状腺tibio词根胫骨toco词根出生，分娩tome后缀切开器具tomy后缀切开术tono词根紧张度tono词根紧张tonsillo词根扁桃体topo词根地方toxico词根毒toxo词根毒trachelo词根子宫颈tracheo词根气管trans前缀通过，穿过tri前缀三tricho词根毛发triplo前缀三tripsy后缀压碎tropin后缀激素tubulo词根小管tumo词根肿瘤，肿胀tussi词根咳嗽tympano词根鼓室ulno词根尺骨ultra前缀超umbilico词根脐unguo词根甲，爪uni前缀单uretero词根输尿管urethro词根尿道uria后缀尿uro词根尿utero词根子宫utriculo词根小囊uvulo词根悬雍垂vagino词根阴道vago词根迷走神经valvo词根瓣varico词根扭曲的静脉vaso词根血管vaso词根输精管veno词根静脉ventriculo词根脑室ventro词根腹侧venulo词根小静脉verruco词根疣vertebro词根椎骨vesico词根膀胱vesiculo词根精囊vestibulo词根中耳的中部viro词根病毒vito词根生命vulvo词根外阴xantho前缀黄zoo词根生物。