动词的各种形式变化
- 格式:doc
- 大小:127.50 KB
- 文档页数:18
动词的三种变化规则一、一般现在时的变化规则一般现在时是用来描述经常性或习惯性的动作、状态或真理的。
在一般现在时中,动词的变化规则如下:1. 第三人称单数形式:在一般现在时中,第三人称单数的动词要加上-s或-es。
例如,he sings,she dances。
2. 其他人称和复数形式:在一般现在时中,除了第三人称单数外的其他人称和复数形式的动词保持不变。
例如,I sing,we dance。
3. 动词的原形:在一般现在时中,动词的原形用于第一人称单数和其他人称复数形式。
例如,I sing,they dance。
举例来说,假设有一个句子:“She (study) every day.” 根据一般现在时的变化规则,我们可以将动词study变为第三人称单数形式studies,得到句子“She studies every day.”二、一般过去时的变化规则一般过去时用于描述在过去发生的动作或存在的状态。
在一般过去时中,动词的变化规则如下:1. 动词的过去式形式:在一般过去时中,动词的过去式形式通常是在动词原形的基础上加上-ed或-d。
例如,play → played,work→ worked。
2. 动词的原形:在一般过去时中,动词的原形用于第一人称单数、第二人称和其他人称复数形式。
例如,I played,you worked,they danced。
举例来说,假设有一个句子:“He (go) to the park yesterday.” 根据一般过去时的变化规则,我们可以将动词go变为过去式went,得到句子“He went to the park yesterday.”三、将来时的变化规则将来时用于描述将来发生的动作或存在的状态。
在将来时中,动词的变化规则如下:1. 动词的将来式形式:在将来时中,动词的将来式形式通常是在动词原形的基础上加上will。
例如,play → will play,work → will work。
动词的几种变化形式一、动词后面加上ing :①、现在进行时:表示某个动作正在发生或进行。
它的构成方式是:be+动词ing〔现在分词〕形式,在动词适当形式填空的时候有时会要求自己加上be动词(is, am , are )。
句子中经常会出现look, listen, now……等具有特征性的词。
现在进行时的句型转换方法:肯定句:主语+be( am, is, are)+动词ing (They are having a lesson.)否定句:be(am, is, are) +not(They are not having a lesson.)一般疑问句:Be调到最前面?注意1、some 2、人称互换(例如:Are they havinga lesson.) 对现在进行时的一般疑问句的回答,它可以用Yes,…或No,…直接作答。
②like(s), go , do , 后面的动词加ing.例如:1. I like playing football, but my father likes playing chess.2.Let’s go swimming .3.She does all the cooking and cleaning .二、动词后面加s/es.一般现在时:表示经常性的事情。
一般现在时中动词后面加s/es必须满足两个条件:1、肯定句2、主语是单数(除了I 和you)特征性的时间状语:often经常, usually通常, always总是,every每个, sometimes 有时,at…在几点钟。
动词的第三单形式变化:1.多数在动词后加s play—plays like—likes2 .以s,x,sh,ch,o结尾的动词加es go—goes wash—washes watch--watches3.以辅音字母加y结尾,把y改i再加es fly—flies study—studies一般现在时的句型转换方法:1、否定句:主语后面+don’t或doesn’t+动原2、一般疑问句:助词开有,然后把句子照抄下来,注意1、动原2、some3、人称互换.对一般疑问句的回答,它可以用Yes,…或No,…直接作答。
一、动词第三人称单数变化规则1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s. 例如:works gets says reads2) 以ch,sh,s,x ,o结尾的动词,在后面加-es。
例如:go-goes;teach-teaches;wash-washes ;brush-brushes;catch-catches;do-does;fix -fixes 。
3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加-es.例如:study- studies;try-tries;carry-carries;fly-flies ;cry-cries二、现在分词变化规则(1)一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork ---- working ;sleep ----- sleeping ;study ----- studying(2)动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ingtake ----- taking ;make ----- making ;dance ----- dancing(3)重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ingcut ----- cutting ;put ----- putting ;begin ------ beginning(4)以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-inglie ----- lying;tie ----- tying;die ----- dying三、形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下①一般单音节词末尾加er 和est②单音节词如果以e结尾,只加r 和st③闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加er和est④少数以y,er(或ure),ow,ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加er和est(以y结尾的词,如y前是辅音字母,把y变成i,再加er和est,以e结尾的词仍加r和st)。
3. 也有少数单音节词可以加more和most的办法构成比较级和最高级:原级比较级最高级pleased more pleased most pleasedtired more tired most tiredglad more glad most glad四、名词的复数形式名词复数的不规则变化1)child---children;foot---feet ;tooth---teeth ;mouse---mice;man---men woman---women注意:与man 和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
动词的五种变化形式动词是语言中最重要的词类之一,它用来表示动作、状态或存在。
在中文中,动词的变化形式相对简单,通常只有五种,分别是原形、现在式、过去式、进行时和完成时。
下面我们将分别介绍这五种变化形式以及它们的用法。
一、原形动词的原形即为动词的基本形式,它通常是以动词的词干形式出现,不带有任何时态、语态或人称的信息。
例如,动词"学习"的原形就是"学习",动词"跑"的原形就是"跑"。
原形动词可以作为句子的谓语或其他句子成分的补语、定语等。
二、现在式现在式是动词的一种时态形式,用来表示目前正在进行或存在的动作、状态或习惯性的动作。
在中文中,现在式的构成通常是在动词的原形后加上"着"、"在"等词语。
例如,动词"吃"的现在式是"吃着",动词"看"的现在式是"在看"。
现在式动词可以作为句子的谓语或其他句子成分的补语、定语等。
三、过去式过去式是动词的一种时态形式,用来表示已经发生或存在过的动作、状态。
在中文中,过去式的构成通常是在动词的原形后加上"了"、"过"等词语。
例如,动词"吃"的过去式是"吃了",动词"看"的过去式是"看过"。
过去式动词可以作为句子的谓语或其他句子成分的补语、定语等。
四、进行时进行时是动词的一种时态形式,用来表示正在进行的动作或状态。
在中文中,进行时的构成通常是在动词的原形后加上"着"、"在"等词语,并且与时间状语一起使用。
例如,动词"吃"的进行时是"吃着",动词"看"的进行时是"在看"。
动词的四种变化形式动词的四种变化形式通常指动词的原形、第三人称单数形式、过去式和过去分词。
1. play - plays - played - played 解释:I play football. (原形)He plays football every day. (第三人称单数)We played football yesterday. (过去式)The game has been played many times. (过去分词)2. work - works - worked - worked 解释:They work hard. (原形)She works in a factory. (第三人称单数)I worked late last night. (过去式)The problem has been worked out. (过去分词)3. study - studies - studied - studied 解释:You study English. (原形)He studies very well. (第三人称单数)They studied for the exam. (过去式)The subject has been studied deeply. (过去分词)4. go - goes - went - gone 解释:Let's go. (原形)She goes to school by bus. (第三人称单数)We went to the park last week. (过去式)The book has gone missing. (过去分词)5. do - does - did - done 解释:I do my homework. (原形)He does exercise every morning. (第三人称单数)They did a lot of things yesterday. (过去式)The job has been done. (过去分词)6. have - has - had - had 解释:We have lunch at noon. (原形)She hasa new dress. (第三人称单数)I had a great time last weekend. (过去式)The project has had many difficulties. (过去分词)7. see - sees - saw - seen 解释:I see a bird. (原形)He sees the sign. (第三人称单数)They saw a movie last night. (过去式)The film has been seen by many people. (过去分词)8. come - comes - came - come 解释:Come here. (原形)She comes from China. (第三人称单数)He came to my house yesterday. (过去式)The guests have come. (过去分词)9. eat - eats - ate - eaten 解释:They eat apples. (原形)She eats an egg for breakfast. (第三人称单数)We ate pizza last night. (过去式)The food has been eaten. (过去分词)10. drink - drinks - drank - drunk 解释:I drink water. (原形)He drinks coffee. (第三人称单数)They drank juice at the party. (过去式)The wine has been drunk. (过去分词)11. write - writes - wrote - written 解释:She writes a letter. (原形)He writes stories. (第三人称单数)I wrote a composition yesterday. (过去式)The book has been written. (过去分词)12. run - runs - ran - run 解释:I run fast. (原形)He runs every morning. (第三人称单数)They ran in the race. (过去式)The machine has been run for hours. (过去分词)13. swim - swims - swam - swum 解释:You swim well. (原形)She swims in the pool. (第三人称单数)We swam in the river last summer. (过去式)The pool has been swum in. (过去分词)14. fly - flies - flew - flown 解释:The bird flies high. (原形)He flies a kite.(第三人称单数)They flew to Beijing last month. (过去式)The plane has flown for a long time. (过去分词)15. speak - speaks - spoke - spoken 解释:I speak English. (原形)She speaks French. (第三人称单数)We spoke on the phone last night. (过去式)The language has been spoken. (过去分词)16. tell - tells - told - told 解释:He tells a story. (原形)She tells the truth. (第三人称单数)I told him the news. (过去式)The secret has been told. (过去分词)17. think - thinks - thought - thought 解释:I think you are right. (原形)He thinks carefully. (第三人称单数)They thought about it. (过去式)The problem has been thought over. (过去分词)18. get - gets - got - got 解释:I get up early. (原形)She gets a present. (第三人称单数)We got there at six. (过去式)The work has got done. (过去分词)19. give - gives - gave - given 解释:He gives me a book. (原形)She givesa speech. (第三人称单数)I gave him some money. (过去式)The gift has been given. (过去分词)20. take - takes - took - taken 解释:You take a photo. (原形)He takes a bus to work. (第三人称单数)We took a trip last year. (过去式)The medicine has been taken. (过去分词)21. know - knows - knew - known 解释:I know him. (原形)She knows the answer. (第三人称单数)They knew each other before. (过去式)Thefact has been known. (过去分词)22. keep - keeps - kept - kept 解释:We keep quiet. (原形)He keeps a diary. (第三人称单数)I kept waiting for him. (过去式)The secret has been kept. (过去分词)23. leave - leaves - left - left 解释:She leaves home at seven. (原形)He leaves for work. (第三人称单数)We left the party early. (过去式)The bag has been left. (过去分词)24. lose - loses - lost - lost 解释:I lose my key. (原形)He loses his temper. (第三人称单数)They lost the game. (过去式)The book has been lost. (过去分词)25. find - finds - found - found 解释:I find my pen. (原形)She finds a job. (第三人称单数)We found the way. (过去式)The lost dog has been found. (过去分词)26. make - makes - made - made 解释:He makes a cake. (原形)She makes friends. (第三人称单数)I made a mistake. (过去式)The chair has been made. (过去分词)27. read - reads - read - read 解释:I read a book. (原形)He reads the newspaper. (第三人称单数)We read aloud yesterday. (过去式)The story has been read. (过去分词)28. sell - sells - sold - sold 解释:She sells flowers. (原形)He sells cars. (第三人称单数)They sold the house. (过去式)The goods have been sold. (过去分词)29. buy - buys - bought - bought 解释:I buy a pen. (原形)She buys some fruit. (第三人称单数)We bought a new TV. (过去式)The present has been bought. (过去分词)30. bring - brings - brought - brought 解释:He brings a book. (原形)She brings some flowers. (第三人称单数)I brought my camera. (过去式)The food has been brought. (过去分词)31. teach - teaches - taught - taught 解释:She teaches English. (原形)He teaches math. (第三人称单数)They taught us last year. (过去式)The lesson has been taught. (过去分词)32. catch - catches - caught - caught 解释:I catch a fish. (原形)He catches the ball. (第三人称单数)We caught the thief. (过去式)The disease has been caught. (过去分词)。
一、动词第三人称单数变化规则1) 一般情况下,动词后面直接加-s. 例如:works gets says reads2) 以ch,sh,s,x ,o结尾的动词,在后面加-es。
例如:go-goes;teach-teaches;wash-washes ;brush-brushes;catch-catches;do-does;fix -fixes 。
3) 以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把y变为i 再加-es.例如:study- studies;try-tries;carry-carries;fly-flies ;cry-cries二、现在分词变化规则(1)一般情况下,直接在动词后加-ingwork ---- working ;sleep ----- sleeping ;study ----- studying(2)动词以不发音的-e结尾,要去-e加-ingtake ----- taking ;make ----- making ;dance ----- dancing(3)重读闭音节的动词,要双写词尾字母,再加-ingcut ----- cutting ;put ----- putting ;begin ------ beginning(4)以-ie结尾的动词,把变成y再加-inglie ----- lying;tie ----- tying;die ----- dying三、形容词的比较级和最高级变化形式规则如下①一般单音节词末尾加er 和est②单音节词如果以e结尾,只加r 和st③闭音节单音节词如末尾只有一个辅音字母,须先双写这个辅音字母,再加er和est④少数以y,er(或ure),ow,ble结尾的双音节词,末尾加er和est(以y结尾的词,如y前是辅音字母,把y变成i,再加er和est,以e结尾的词仍加r和st)。
3. 也有少数单音节词可以加more和most的办法构成比较级和最高级:原级比较级最高级pleased more pleased most pleasedtired more tired most tiredglad more glad most glad四、名词的复数形式名词复数的不规则变化1)child---children;foot---feet ;tooth---teeth ;mouse---mice;man---men woman---women注意:与man 和woman构成的合成词,其复数形式也是-men 和-women。
一.动词的三种变化规则1、第三人称单数一般现在时形(用于一般现在时态中)(a)原形动词词尾+“-s”:help(帮助)→helps come(来)→comes (b)原形动词词尾“ch,sh,o,s,x”+“-es”:teach(教)→teaches wash(洗)→washes go(去)→goes kiss(吻)→kissesfix(安装)→fixes(c)原形动词词尾为“辅音字母+y”时,去“y”后加“-ies”,若是“元音字母+y”,只加“-s”:study(学习)→studies play(游戏)→plays 注:本项规则的“第三人称单数”是指句子的主语。
例如:I go to school on a bicycle every day .You go to school on a bicycle every day.She goes to school on a bicycle every day.2、现在分词(也称“-ing”形)(用于构成进行时态、非谓语)(a)原形动词词尾+“-ing”。
speak→speaking(说)study→studying(学习)go→going(去)(b)原形动词词尾为“-e”时,去“-e”后+“-ing”。
live→living(住)make→making(制造)(c)原形动词词尾为“-ie”时,先把“-ie”改为“-y”后+“-ing”。
lie→lying(卧,躺)die→dying(死)(d)原形动词词尾为“短元音+辅音字母”时,先双写词尾辅音字母后再+“-ing”。
plan→planning(计划)kid→kidding(开玩笑)get→getting(得到)stop→stopping(停止)put→putting(放置)shut→shutting(关闭)注:双音节动词若其词尾的词形如本项的情形,但重音落在第一音节者直接加“-ing”,若是重音落在第二音节者则依本项规则加“-ing”。
动词的各种形式变化一、动词单三形式的构成规则:①一般动词在词尾加-s②以字母s,x,ch,sh,o结尾的动词加-es③以元音字母+y结尾的动词,直接加s④以辅音字母加y结尾的动词,先变y为i,再加-es.二、规则动词的过去式变化如下:1)、一般情况下,动词词尾加-ed ,如:work ---worked play---played wanted----wanted act----acted2)、动词原形以(不发音的)-e 结尾动词,动词词尾加-d,如:live---lived move----moved taste---tasted hope---hoped3)、动词原形以“辅元辅”结尾,先双写词尾辅音字母,再加-ed(字母组合除外),如:stop ---stopped (批注: 动词原形词尾以“元音+-l, -r”,并为重读音节时,双写r,l,再加-ed, 如:compel, travel, prefer , refer)4)、动词原形以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词,把-y 变为-i 再加-ed,如:study---studied copy---copied cry---cried carry---carried动词原形以元音字母加y结尾的词,直接加-ed,如:play---played enjoy--- enjoyed stay---stayed过去分词构成口诀:过去分词很好记,动词后缀加ed。
直接加、去e加、双写加。
还有一点要注意,Y前元辅不统一。
三、不规则动词的过去式的构成(不规则动词的过去式变化规律性不强,须多加记忆。
)1. 英语中有些动词的过去式和过去分词形式变化不规则,可分为五种情况。
1)动词原形、过去式和过去分词完全同形。
2)动词原形与过去分词同形如:come(来) run(跑) become(成为)3)动词原形与过去分词同形give(给) fly(飞) drink(喝) see(看见) go(去) know(知道)4) 动词原形、过去式、过去分词形式完全不同5) 过去式和过去分词有两种形式2. 不规则动词的过去式具体变化规则:1). 把动词原形中的i改为a,变成过去式。
如:begin—began,drink—drank,give—gave,ring—rang,sing—sang,sit—sat,swim—swam2).把重读开音节中的i改为o,变成过去式。
如:drive—drove,ride—rode,write—wrote 3). 改动词原形中的aw /ow为ew,变成过去式。
如:draw—drew,grow—grew,know—knew,throw—threw(动词show除外,show—showed)4). 动词原形中的e改为o,变成过去式。
如:get—got,forget—forgot5). 动词原形中的ee改为e,变成过去式。
如:feed—fed,meet—met6). 动词原形中的eep改为ept,变成过去式。
如:keep—kept,sleep—slept,sweep—swept7). 动词原形中的eak改为oke,变成过去式。
如:break—broke,speak—spoke8).动词原形中的ell改为old,变成过去式。
如:sell—sold,tell—told9). 动词原形中的an改为oo,变成过去式。
如:stand—stood,understand—understood10). 以ought和aught结尾,且读音是〔:t〕的过去式。
如:bring—brought,buy— bought,think—thought,catch—caught,teach—taught11). 以ould结尾且读音为〔ud〕的情态动词过去式。
如:can—could,shall—should,will—would 12). 把动词原形中的o改为a,变成过去式。
如:come—came,become—became13). 在动词原形后加d或t变成过去式,并且发生音变。
如:hear〔hi 〕—heard〔h :d〕,say〔sei〕—said 〔sed〕,mean〔mi:n〕—meant〔ment〕14). 动词的过去式与动词原形一样。
如:let—let,must—must,put—put,read—read 〔red〕15). 不符合上述规律的动词过去式。
如:am,is—was,are—were,build—built,do—did,eat—ate,fall—fell,feel—felt,find—found,fly—flew,go—went,have /has—had,hold—held,leave—left,make—made,may—might,run—ran,see—saw,take—took3. 过去式“-ed”的发音规则(1)动词词尾为“t,d”时,发/ id /音,want →wanted (要)need →needed (需要)(2)动词词尾为清辅音时,发/ t / 音。
help →helped (帮助)laugh →laughed(笑)look →looked (看)kiss →kisse d (吻)wash →washed (洗)watch →watched (注视)(3)动词词尾为t,d以外之浊辅音或元音时,发/ d /音。
call →called (叫)stay→stayed (停留)cry→cried (哭)4. 提示a. beat的过去式与原形同形:比:beat(打击)beat(过去式)beaten(过去分词)b. lie有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同比:lie lied, lied(说谎)lay, lain(躺,位于)c. hang 有规则变化和不规则变化两种,含义不同比:hang hanged, hanged(处绞刑)hung, hung(挂,吊)d. welcome(欢迎)一词是规则动词,不可误用为不规则动词比:welcome welcomed, welcomed(正)welcome, welcome(误)e.不要将不规则动词误用为规则动词比:hit (打)hit, hit(正)hitted, hitted(误)5. 英语不规则动词记忆表1).AAA动词原形过去式过去分词意思cost[kɔst] cost[kɔst] cost[kɔst] 花费cut[kʌt] cut[kʌt] cut[kʌt] 割,切hurt[hə:t]hurt[hə:t] hurt[hə:t] 受伤hit[hit] hit[hit] hit[hit] 打,撞let[let] let[let] let[let] 让put[put] put[put] put[put] 放下read[ri:d]read[ri:d] read[ri:d] 读set[set] set[set] set[set] 安排,安置spread[s pred] spread[spred]spread[spred]展开,传播,涂spit[spit] spit/spat[spit]spit/spat[spit]吐痰,shut[ʃʌt] shut[ʃʌt] shut[ʃʌt] 关上, 闭起,停止营业2).AAB动词原形过去式过去分词beat[bi:t] beat[bi:t] beaten['bi:tn] 打败3).ABA动词原形过去式过去分词become[b i'kʌm] became[bi'keim]become[bi'kʌm]变come[kʌm] came[keim]come[kʌm]来run[rʌn] ran[ræn] run[rʌn] 跑4).ABB(1)在动词原形后加一个辅音字母d, t或ed 构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形过去式过去分词burn[b ə:n] burnt[bə:nt]burnt[bə:nt] 燃烧deal[di:l]dealt[delt] dealt[delt] 解决dream[ dri:m] dreamed/dreamtdreamed/dreamt[dremt]做梦hear[hi heard[hə:d heard[hə:d] 听见ə] ]hang['h æŋ]hanged/hung[hʌŋ]hanged/ hung 绞死,悬挂learn[lə:n] learned/learnt[lə:nt]learned/learnt[lə:nt]学习light['l ait] lit/lighted[lit]lit/lighted[lit] 点燃, 照亮mean[ mi:n] meant[ment]meant[ment] 意思prove[ pru:v] proved proven/proved['pru:vən]证明, 证实,试验shine[ʃain] shone/shinedshone/shined[ʃəun, ʃɔn]使照耀,使发光show[ʃəu] showed showed/shown['ʃəun]展示,给...看smell[s mel] smelled/smelt[smelt]smelled/smelt[smelt]闻, 嗅speed[s pi:d] sped[sped]/speededsped/speeded[sped]加速spell[sp el] spelled/spelt[spelt]spelled/spelt[spelt]拼写wake[w waked/wok waked/woken['wə醒来,叫eik] e[wəuk] ukən] 醒, 激发(2) 把动词原形的最后一个辅音字母“d”改为“t” 构成过去式或过去分词。
动词原形过去式过去分词build[bild] built[bilt] built[bilt] 建筑lend[lend] lent[lent] lent[lent] 借给rebuild[,ri: 'bild] rebuilt[,ri:'bilt]rebuilt[,ri:'bilt]改建, 重建send[send] sent[sent] sent[sent] 送spend[spen d] spent[spent]spent[spent]花费(3)原形→ought →oughtbring[briŋ]brought[brɔ:t]brought[brɔ:t]带来buy[bai] bought[bɔ:t]bought[bɔ:t]买fight[fait] fought[fɔ:t] fought[fɔ:t] 打架think[θiŋk]thought[θɔ:t]thought[θɔ:t]思考,想(4) 原形→aught →aughtcatch[kætʃ] caught[kɔ:t]caught[kɔ:t]捉,抓teach[ti:tʃ] taught[tɔ:t] taught[tɔ:t] 教(5)变其中一个元音字母dig[diɡ]dug[dʌɡ] dug[dʌɡ] 掘(土), 挖(洞、沟等)feed[fi:d] fed[fed] fed[fed] 喂find[faind] found found 发现,找到get[ɡet]got[ɡɔt]got/gotten['ɡɔtən]得到hold[həuld] held[held] held[held] 拥有,握住,支持lead[li:d] led[led] led[led] 引导, 带领, 领导meet[mi:t] met[met] met[met] 遇见sit[sit] sat[sæt] sat[sæt] 坐shoot[ʃu:t] shot[ʃɔt] shot[ʃɔt] 射击spit[spit] spit/spat[spæt]spit/spat[spæt]吐痰,stick[stik] stuck[stʌk] stuck[stʌk] 插进, 刺入, 粘住,win[win] won[wʌn] won[wʌn] 赢(6)原形→lt/pt/ft→lt/pt/ftfeel['fi:l] felt[felt] felt[felt] 感到keep[ki:p] kept[kept] kept[kept] 保持leave[li:v] left[left] left[left] 离开sleep[sli:p] slept[slept] slept[slept] 睡觉sweep[swi: p] swept[swept]swept[swept]扫(7)其它lay[lei] laid[leid] laid[leid] 下蛋, 放置pay[pei] paid[peid] paid[peid] 付say[sei] said[sed] said[sed] 说stand[stænd]stood[stud] stood[stud] 站understan d understood[,ʌndə'stænd]understood[,ʌndə'stænd]明白lose[lu:z] lost[lɔst,lɔ:st]lost[lɔst,lɔ:st]失去have[həv] had[hæd,həd, əd]had[hæd,həd, əd]有make[meik]made[meid] made[meid] 制造sell[sel] sold[səuld] sold[səuld] 卖tell[tel] told[təuld] told[təuld] 告诉retell[,ri:'t el] retold[,ri:'təuld]retold[,ri:'təuld]重讲,重复,复述5).ABC(1)原形→过去式→原形+(e)n blow[bləu]blew[blu:] blown 吹drive[ dra iv ] drove[drəuv]driven[drivən]驾驶draw[drɔ: ] drew[dru:]drawn[drɔ:n]画画eat[i:t] ate[et,eit] eaten['i:tən]吃fall[fɔ:l] fell[fel] fallen['fɔ:lən]落下give[ɡiv]gave[ɡeiv]given['ɡivən]给grow[ɡrəu ] grew[ɡru:]grown[ɡrəun]生长forgive[fə'ɡiv]forgave[fə'ɡɔt]forgiven 原谅, 饶恕know[nəu ] knew[nju:, nu:]known 知道mistake[m i'steik] mistook[mi'stuk]mistaken 弄错; 误解,overeat['əuvə'i:t] overate[,əuvə'reit]overeaten (使)吃过量prove[pru :v] provedproven/proved证明,证实, 试验take[teik] took[tuk] taken['teik n, 'teikən]拿throw[θrəu] threw[θru:]thrown[θrəun,'θrəun]抛,扔ride[raid] rode[rəud]ridden['ridən]骑see[si:] saw[sɔ:] seen[si:n] 看见show[ʃəu] showed showed/shown['ʃəun]展示write[rait] wrote[rəut]written['ritən]写(2)原形→过去式→过去式+(e)nbreak[bre ik] broke[brəuk]broken['brəukən]打破choose[tʃu chose[tʃəu chosen['tʃ选择:z] z] əuzən]get[ɡet]got[ɡɔt]got/gotten['ɡɔtən]得到hide[haid] hid[hid] hidden['hidən]隐藏forget[fə'ɡet]forgot[fə'ɡɔt]forgotten[fə'ɡɔtn]忘记freeze[fri: z] froze[frəuz]frozen['frəuzn]冷冻,结冰,感到严寒speak[spi: k] spoke[spəuk]spoken['spəukən]说steal[sti:l] stole stolen['stəulən]偷(3) 变单词在重读音节中的元音字母“i”分别为“a”(过去式)和“u”(过去分词)。