2018年英语专业八级真题

英语专业八级阅读考试试题及答案2018年英语专业八级阅读考试试题及答案A man may lead a horse to the water, but he cannot make him drink.以下是店铺为大家搜索整理的2018年英语专业八级阅读考试试题及答案，希望能给大家带来帮助!Federal Government's HelpFederal efforts to aid minority businesses began in the 1960’s when the Small Business Administration (SBA) began making federally guaranteed loans and government-sponsored management and technical assistance available to minority business enterprises. While this program enabled many minority entrepreneurs to form new businesses, the results were disappointing, since managerial inexperience, unfavorable locations, and capital shortages led to high failure rates. Even 15 years after the program was implemented, minority business receipts were not quite two percent of the national economy’s total receipts.Recently federal policymakers have adopted an approach intended to accelerate development of the minority business sector by moving away from directly aiding small minority enterprises and toward supporting large, growth-oriented minority firms through intermediary companies. In this approach, large corporations participate in the development of successful and stable minority businesses by making use of government-sponsored venture capital. The capital is used by a participating company to establish a Minority Enterprise Small Businesses that have potential to become future suppliers of customers of the sponsoring company.MESBIC’s are the result of the belief that pr ovidingestablished firms with easier access to relevant management techniques and more job-specific experience, as well as substantial amounts of capital, gives those firms a greater opportunity to develop sound business foundations than does simply making general management experience and small amounts of capital available. Further, since potential markets for the minority businesses already exist through the sponsoring companies, the minority businesses face considerably less risk in terms of location and market fluctuation. Following early financial and operating problems, sponsoring corporations began to capitalize MESBIC’s far above the legal minimum of $500,000 in order to generate sufficient income and to sustain the quality of management needed. MES BIC’s are now emerging as increasingly important financing sources for minority enterprises.Ironically, MESBIC staffs, which usually consist of Hispanic and Black professionals, tend to approach investments in minority firms more pragmatically than do many MESBIC directors, who are usually senior managers from sponsoring corporations. The latter often still think mainly in terms of the ‘social responsibility approach’ and thus seem to prefer deals that are riskier and less attractive than normal investment criteria would warrant. Such differences in viewpoint have produced uneasiness among many minority staff members, who feel that minority entrepreneurs and businesses should be judged by established business considerations. These staff members believe their point of view is closer to the original philosophy of MESBIC’s and they are concerned that, unless a more prudent course if followed, MESBIC directors may revert to policies likely to re-create the disappointing results of the original SBAapproach.1. Which of the following best states the central idea of the passage?[A] The use of MESBIC’s for aiding minority entrepreneurs seems to have greater potential for success than does the original SBA approach.[B] There is a crucial difference in point of view between the staff and directors of some MESBIC’s.[C] After initial problems with management and marketing, minority businesses have begun to expand at a steady rate.[D] Minority entrepreneurs wishing to form new businesses now have several equally successful federal programs on which to rely.2. According to the passage, the MESBIC approach differ s from the SBA approach in that MESBIC’s[A] seek federal contracts to provide market for minority businesses.[B] Encourage minority businesses to provide markets for other minority businesses.[C] Attempt to maintain a specified rate of growth in the minority business sector.[D] Rely on the participation of large corporations to finance minority businesses.3. Which of the following statements about the SBA program can be inferred from the passage?[A] The maximum term for loans made to recipient businesses was 15 years.[B] Business loans were considered to be more useful to recipient businesses than was management and technical assistance.[C] The anticipated failure rate for recipient businesses was significantly lower than the rate that actually resulted.[D] Recipient businesses were encouraged to relocate to areas more favorable for business development.4. The author refers to the ‘financial and operati ng problems’ encountered by MESBIC’s primarily in order to[A] broaden the scope of the discussion to include the legal considerations of funding MESBIC’s through sponsoring companies.[B] call attention to the fact that MESBIC’s must receive adequate funding in order to function effectively.[C] show that sponsoring companies were willing to invest only $500,000 of government-sponsored venture capital in the original MESBIC’s.[D] Compare SBA and MESBIC limits on minimum funding.5. It can be inferred from the passage that the attitude of some MESBIC staff member toward the investments preferred by some MESBIC directors can be best described as[A] disappointing.[B] Indifferent.[C] Shocked.[D] Defensive.答案详解：1. A 运用MESBIC来帮助少数民族企业似乎比原来SBA的方法更具成功的可能性。

2018年专八试卷核对试卷一2018TEM8 作文：追求完美好还是不好ps：作文为材料作文,两则材料,材料主题为"追求完美好还是不好"！1.formal innovation2.rapport3.attending section4.writing long papers5.high numbers6.being filmed7parable questions8.a natural order9.figure out10.sensitive11.repeating12.integrate into13.logical or natural14.editing15.fundamental elements听力：1.The initial letters of an easy-to-remember phrase2.[A] he's made up his mind to change some of his passwords.3. intruders are patient enough to compute.4.[D] The US takes up the leading edge of technology.5.[A] Why not to write down passwords on notebooks6.[D] the development of genetic tests is out of people's expectation.7.[C] misgiving.8.[A] improve self-discipline of the industry.9.[D] Alienated.10. strengthen its supervision within limits.阅读：11.[C] they are lacking in skills required by certain jobs.12.[A] was a pioneer in the welfare state of Great Britain.13. the frailties of human nature.14.[D] appearance.15.[C] the pursuit of economic benefit16.[A] was a famous tragic actor in his town.17. She was a girl of frail and weak body.18. the actresses were not available then.19.[A] Dominant.20.[D] was in agreement with.21.[C] frowns upon22.[A] benefited from the opposition party's bill.23.[D] John McCain supports the bill due to his political standpoint.24. deceitful阅读回答问题：25.Proposals should be directed to the journal office.26.The analogy rests on the market economy。

2018年专八试卷核对试卷一试卷二1.formal innovation2.rapport3.attending section4.writing long papers5.high numbers6.being filmedparable questions8.a natural order9.figure out10.sensitive11.repeating12.integrate into13.logical or natural14.editing15.fundamental elements听力：1. The initial letters of an easy-to-remember phrase2.[A] he's made up his mind to change some of his passwords.3. intruders are patient enough to compute.4.[D] The US takes up the leading edge of technology.5.[A] Why not to write down passwords on notebooks6.[D] the development of genetic tests is out of people's expectation.7.[C] misgiving.8.[A] improve self-discipline of the industry.9.[D] Alienated.10. strengthen its supervision within limits.阅读：11.[C] they are lacking in skills required by certain jobs.12.[A] was a pioneer in the welfare state of Great Britain.13. the frailties of human nature.14.[D] appearance.15.[C] the pursuit of economic benefit16.[A] was a famous tragic actor in his town.17. She was a girl of frail and weak body.18. the actresses were not available then.19.[A] Dominant.20.[D] was in agreement with.21.[C] frowns upon22.[A] benefited from the opposition party's bill.23.[D] John McCain supports the bill due to his political standpoint.24. deceitful阅读回答问题：25.Proposals should be directed to the journal office.26.The analogy rests on the market economy。

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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIIT：150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWI n this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A), B), C) and D), and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the interview.Now listen to the interview.1. A. Announcement of results.B. Lack of a time schedule.C. Slowness in ballots counting.D. Direction of the electoral events.2. A. Other voices within Afghanistan wanted so.B. The date had been set previously.C. All the ballots had been counted.D. The UN advised them to do so.3. A. To calm the voters.B. To speed up the process.C. To stick to the election rules.D. To stop complaints from the labor.4. A. Unacceptable.B. Unreasonable.C. Insensible.D. Ill considered.5. A. Supportive.B. Ambivalent.C. Opposed.D. Neutral.Now listening to Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the interview.6. A. Ensure the government includes all parties.B. Discuss who is going to be the winner.C. Supervise the counting of votes.D. Seek support from important sectors.7. A. 36%-24%.B. 46%-34%.C. 56%-44%.D. 66%-54%.8. A. Both candidates.B. Electoral institutions.C. The United Nations.D. Not specified.9. A. It was unheard of.B. It was on a small scale.C. It was insignificant.D. It occurred elsewhere.10.A. Problems in the electoral process.B. Formation of a new government.C. Premature announcement of results.D. Democracy in Afghanistan.PART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) “Britain’s best export,” I was told by the Department of Immigration in Canberra, “is people.” Close on 100,000 people have applied for assisted passages in the first five months of the year, and half of these are eventually expected to migrate to Australia.(2) The Australian are delighted. They are keenly ware that without a strong flow of immigrants into the workforce the development of the Australian economy is unlikely to proceed at the ambitious pace currently envisaged. The new mineral discoveries promise a splendid future, and the injection of hugeamounts of American and British capital should help to ensure that they are properly exploited, but with unemployment in Australia down to less than 1.3 per cent, the government is understandably anxious to attract more skilled labor.(3) Australia is roughly the same size as the continental United States, but has only twelve million inhabitants. Migration has accounted for half the population increase in the last four years, and has contributed greatly to the country’s impressive economic development. Britain has always been the principal source – ninety per cent of Australians are of British descent, and Britain has provided one million migrants since the Second World War.(4) Australia has also given great attention to recruiting people elsewhere. Australians decided they had an excellent potential source of applicants among the so-called “guest w orkers” who have crossed their own frontiers to work in other arts of Europe. There were estimated to be more than four million of them, and a large number were offered subsidized passages and guaranteed jobs in Australia. Italy has for some years been the second biggest source of migrants, and the Australians have also managed to attract a large number of Greeks and Germans.(5) One drawback with them, so far as the Australians are concerned, is that integration tends to be more difficult. Unlike the British, continental migrants have to struggle with an unfamiliar language and new customs. Many naturally gravitate towards the Italian or Greek communities which have grown up in cities such as Sydney and Melbourne. These colonies have their own newspapers, their own shops, and their own clubs. Their habitants are not Australians, but Europeans.(6) The government’s avowed aim, however, is to maintain“a substantially homogeneous society into which newcomers, from whatever sources, will merge themselves”. By a nd large, therefore, Australia still prefers British migrants, and tends to be rather less selective in their case than it is with others.(7) A far bigger cause of concerns than the growth of national groups, however, is the increasing number of migrants who return to their countries of origin. One reason is that people nowadays tend to be more mobile, and that it is easier than in the past to save the return fare, but economic conditions also have something to do with it. A slower rate of growth invariably produces discontent –and if this coincides with greater prosperity in Europe, a lot of people tend to feel that perhaps they were wrong to come here after all.(8) Several surveys have been conducted recently into the reasons why people go home. One not ed that “flies, dirt, and outside lavatories” were on the list of complaints from British immigrants, and added that many people also complained about “the crudity, bad manners, and unfriendliness of the Australians”. Another survey gave climate conditions, homesickness, and “the stark appearance of the Australian countryside” as the main reasons for leaving.(9) Most British migrants miss council housing the National Health scheme, and their relatives and former neighbor. Loneliness is a big factor, especially among housewives. The men soon make new friends at work, but wives tend to find it much harder to get used to a different way of life. Many are housebound because of inadequate public transport in most outlying suburbs, and regular correspondence with their old friends at home only serves to increase their discontent. One housewife was quoted recently as saying: “I even find I miss thepeople I used to hate at home.”(10) Rent are high, and there are long waiting lists for Housing Commission homes. Sickness can be an expensive business and the climate can be unexpectedly rough. The gap between Australian and British wage packets is no longer big, and people are generally expected to work harder here than they do at home. Professional men over forty often have difficulty in finding a decent job. Above all, perhaps, skilled immigrants often finds a considerable reluctance to accept their qualifications.(11) According to the journal Australian Manufacturer, the attitude of many employers and fellow workers is anything but friendly. “We Australians,” it stated in a recent issue, “are just too fond of painting the rosy picture of the big, warm-hearted Aussie. As a matter of fact, we are so busy blowing our own trumpets that we have not not time to be warm-hearted and considerate. Go down “heart-break alley” among some of the migrants and find out just how expansive the Aussie is to his immigrants.”11.The Australians want a strong flow of immigrants because .A.Immigrants speed up economic expansionB.unemployment is down to a low figureC.immigrants attract foreign capitalD.Australia is as large as the United States12.Australia prefers immigrants from Britain because .A.they are selected carefully before entryB.they are likely to form national groupsC.they easily merge into local communitiesD.they are fond of living in small towns13.In explaining why some migrants return to Europe the author .A.stresses their economic motivesB.emphasizes the variety of their motivesC.stresses loneliness and homesicknessD.emphasizes the difficulties of men over forty14.which of the following words is used literally, not metaphorically?A.“flow” (Para. 2).B.“injection” (Para. 2).C.“gravitate” (Para. 5).D.“selective” (Para. 6).15.Para. 11 pictures the Australians as .A.unsympatheticB.ungenerousC.undemonstrativeD.unreliablePASSAGE TWO(1) Some of the advantages of bilingualism include better performance at tasks involving “executive function” (which involves the brain’s ability to plan and prioritize), better defense against dementia in old age and—the obvious—the ability to speak a second language. One purported advantage was not mentioned, though. Many multilinguals report different personalities, or even different worldviews, when they speak their different languages.(2) It’s an exciting notion, the idea that one’s very self could be broadened by the mastery of two or more languages. In obvious ways (exposure to new friends, literature and so forth) the self really is broadened. Yet it is different to claim—as many people do—to have a different personality when using a different language. A former Economist colleague, for example, reportedbeing ruder in Hebrew than in English. So what is going on here?(3) Benjamin Lee Whorf, an American linguist who died in 1941, held that each language encodes a worldview that significantly influences its speakers. Often called “Whorfianism”,this idea has its sceptics, but there are still good reasons to believe language shapes thought.(4) This influence is not necessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a second language. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically bilingual. Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another later in life, usually at school. So bilinguals usually have different strengths and weaknesses in their different languages—and they are not always best in their first language. For example, when tested in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) than when tested in their native language. In part this is because working in a second language slows down the thinking. No wonder people feel different when speaking them. And no wonder they feel looser, more spontaneous, perhaps more assertive or funnier or blunter, in the language they were reared in from childhood.(5) What of “crib” bilinguals, raised in two languages? Even they do not usually have perfectly symmetrical competence in their two languages. But even for a speaker whose two languages are very nearly the same in ability, there is another big reason that person will feel different in the two languages. This is because there is an important distinction between bilingualism and biculturalism.(6) Many bilinguals are not bicultural. But some are. And of those bicultural bilinguals, we should be little surprised that theyfeel different in their two languages. Experiments in psychology have shown the power of “priming”—small unnoticed factors that can affect behavior in big ways. Asking people to tell a happy story, for example, will put them in a better mood. The choice between two languages is a huge prime. Speaking Spanish rather than English, for a bilingual and bicultural Puerto Rican in New York, might conjure feelings of family and home. Switching to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.(7) So there are two very good reasons (asymmetrical ability, and priming) that make people feel different speaking their different languages. We are still left with a third kind of argument, though. An economist recently interviewed here at Prospero, Athanasia Chalari, said for example that:Greeks are very loud and they interrupt each other very often. The reason for that is the Greek grammar and syntax. When Greeks talk they begin their sentences with verbs and the form of the verb includes a lot of information so you already know what they are talking about after the first word and can interrupt more easily.(8) Is there something intrinsic to the Greek language that encourages Greeks to interrupt? People seem to enjoy telling tales about their languages' inherent properties, and how they influence their speakers. A group of French intellectual worthies once proposed, rather self-flatteringly, that French be the sole legal language of the EU, because of its supposedly unmatchable rigor and precision. Some Germans believe that frequently putting the verb at the end of a sentence makes the language especially logical. But language myths are not always self-flattering: many speakers think their languages are unusually illogical or difficult—witness the plethora of books along thelines of "Only in English do you park on a driveway and drive on a parkway; English must be the craziest language in the world!" We also see some unsurprising overlap with national stereotypes and self-stereotypes: French, rigorous; German, logical; English, playful. Of course.(9) In this case, Ms Chalari, a scholar, at least proposed a specific and plausible line ofcausation from grammar to personality: in Greek, the verb comes first, and it carries a lot of information, hence easy interrupting. The problem is that many unrelated languages all around the world put the verb at the beginning of sentences. Many languages all around the world are heavily inflected, encoding lots of information in verbs. It would be a striking finding if all of these unrelated languages had speakers more prone to interrupting each other. Welsh, for example, is also both verb-first and about as heavily inflected as Greek, but the Welsh are not known as pushy conversationalists.16. According to the author, which of the following advantages of bilingualism is commonly accepted?A. Personality improvement.B. Better task performance.C. Change of worldviews.D. Avoidance of old-age disease.17. According to the passage, that language influences thought may be related to .A. the vocabulary of a second languageB. the grammar of a second languageC. the improved test performance in a second languageD. the slowdown of thinking in a second language18. What is the author’s response to the question at thebeginning of Para. 8?A. It’s just one of the popular tales of national stereotypes.B. Some properties inherent can make a language logical.C. German and French are good examples of Whorfianism.D. There is adequate evidence to support a positive answer.19. Which of the following statements concerning Para. 9 is correct?A. Ms. Chalari’s theory about the Greek language is well grounded.B. Speakers of many other languages are also prone to interrupting.C. Grammar is unnecessarily a condition for change in personality.D. Many unrelated languages don’t have the same features as Greek.20. In discussing the issue, the author’s attitude is .A. satiricalB. objectiveC. criticalD. ambivalentPASSAGE THREE(1) Once across the river and into the wholesale district, she glanced about her for some likely door at which to apply. As she contemplated the wide windows and imposing signs, she became conscious of being gazed upon and understood for what she was-a wage-seeker. She had never done this thing before, and lacked courage. To avoid a certain indefinable shame she felt at being caught spying about for a position, she quickened her steps and assumed an air of indifference supposedly common to one upon an errand. In this way shepassed many manufacturing and wholesale houses without once glancing in. At last, after several blocks of walking, she felt that this would not do, and began to look about again, though without relaxing her pace. A little way on she saw a great door which, for some reason, attracted her attention. It was ornamented by a small brass sign, and seemed to be the entrance to a vast hive of six or seven floors. "Perhaps," she thought, "they may want some one," and crossed over to enter. When she came within a score of feet of the desired goal, she saw through the window a young man in a grey checked suit. That he had anything to do with the concern, she could not tell, but because he happened to be looking in her direction her weakening heart misgave her and she hurried by, too overcome with shame to enter. Over the way stood a great six-story structure, labelled Storm and King, which she viewed with rising hope. It was a wholesale dry goods concern and employed women. She could see them moving about now and then upon the upper floors. This place she decided to enter, no matter what. She crossed over and walked directly toward the entrance. As she did so, two men came out and paused in the door. A telegraph messenger in blue dashed past her and up the few steps that led to the entrance and disappeared. Several pedestrians out of the hurrying throng which filled the sidewalks passed about her as she paused, hesitating. She looked helplessly around, and then, seeing herself observed, retreated. It was too difficult a task. She could not go past them.(2) So severe a defeat told sadly upon her nerves. Her feet carried her mechanically forward, every foot of her progress being a satisfactory portion of a flight which she gladly made. Block after block passed by. Upon streetlamps at the variouscorners she read names such as Madison, Monroe, La Salle, Clark, Dearborn, State, and still she went, her feet beginning to tire upon the broad stone flagging. She was pleased in part that the streets were bright and clean. The morning sun, shining down with steadily increasing warmth, made the shady side of the streets pleasantly cool. She looked at the blue sky overhead with more realization of its charm than had ever come to her before.(3) Her cowardice began to trouble her in a way. She turned back, resolving to hunt up Storm and King and enter. On the way, she encountered a great wholesale shoe company, through the broad plate windows of which she saw an enclosed executive department, hidden by frosted glass. Without this enclosure, but just within the street entrance, sat a grey-haired gentleman at a small table, with a large open ledger before him. She walked by this institution several times hesitating, but, finding herself unobserved, faltered past the screen door and stood humble waiting.(4) "Well, young lady," observed the old gentleman, looking at her somewhat kindly, "what is it you wish?"(5) "I am, that is, do you--I mean, do you need any help?" she stammered.(6) "Not just at present," he answered smiling. "Not just at present. Come in some time next week. Occasionally we need some one."(7) She received the answer in silence and backed awkwardly out. The pleasant nature of her reception rather astonished her. She had expected that it would be more difficult, that something cold and harsh would be said--she knew not what. That she had not been put to shame and made to feel her unfortunate position, seemed remarkable. She did not realize that it was just this whichmade her experience easy, but the result was the same. She felt greatly relieved.(8) Somewhat encouraged, she ventured into another large structure. It was a clothing company, and more people were in evidence.(9) An office boy approached her.(10) "Who is it you wish to see?" he asked.(11) "I want to see the manager," she returned.(12) He ran away and spoke to one of a group of three men who were conferring together. One of these came towards her.(13) "Well?" he said coldly. The greeting drove all courage from her at once.(14) "Do you need any help?" she stammered.(15) "No," he replied abruptly, and turned upon his heel.(16) She went foolishly out, the office boy deferentially swinging the door for her, and gladly sank into the obscuring crowd. It was a severe setback to her recently pleased mental state.21. She quickened her steps because she .A. was afraid of being seen as a strangerB. was in a hurry to leave the districtC. wanted to look like someone working thereD. wanted to apply at more factories that day22. Why didn’t she enter Storm and King the first time?A. She was too timid to enter the buildingB. Two men stopped her at the entranceC. Several pedestrians had found her strangeD. The messenger had closed the door behind him23. What does “every foot of her progress being a satisfactory portion of a flight which she gladly made” meanaccording to the context (Para.2)?A. She thought she was making progress in job search.B. She was glad that she was looking for a job.C. She found her experience satisfactory.D. She just wanted to leave the place.24. Why did she feel greatly relieved (Para.7)?A. She eventually managed to enter the building.B. She was kindly received by the clerk.C. She had the courage to make an inquiry.D. She was promised a work position.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25. What do “promise” and “should” in Para. 2 imply about author’s vision of Australia’seconomy？26. Explain the meaning of “the growth of national groups” according to the context (Para. 7). PASSAGE TWO27. Explain the meaning of “The choice betwe en two languages is a huge prime.” according tothe context (Para. 6)28. What reasons does the author give to explain why people feel different when speaking different languages？29. What does the author focus on in the passage?PASSAGE THREE30. Select and write down at least THREE words or phrases in Para. 1 describing the girl’s inner feelings while walking in thestreets looking for a job.31. Explain the meaning of “So severe a defeat told sadly upon her nerves.” according to the context (Para. 2).32. In “It was a severe setback to her recently pleased mental state.” (Para. 16), what does “her recently pleased mental state” refer to according to the context?PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [15 MIN] The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in theblank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧”sign andwrite the word you believe to be missing in the blank providedat the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructedTranslate the underlined part of the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEETTHREE文学书籍起码使我们的内心可以达到这样的三感：善感、敏感和美感。

[真题] 2018年专业英语八级真题PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION SECTION A MINI-LECTURE In this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. while listening, take notes on the important points. Your notes will not be marked, but yon will need them to complete a gap-filling task after the mini-lecture. when the lecture is over, yon will be given two minutes to check your notes, and another ten minutes to complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE. Use the blank sheet for note-taking.Language and HumanityLanguage is powerful and it can help us do or get things as we wish.Language as a born traitLanguage has evolved only in__1__Comparison between chimpanzees and human beings: -Chimpanzees-use of tools: once seen as a sign of__2__-inability to__3__-tendency to__4__-Human beings-able to improve and build on__5__-able to__6__ideasLanguage and social learningProblem of social learning:__7__-Cause:-stealing others´ideas by__8__-Solution:-__9__developed to share ideasResults-__10__made available to every individual-language as social technology to enhance__11__Language and the modern worldExistence of many different languages has led to-separation of cooperative groups-__12__-knowledge protection-slow flow of ideas and tendency toward__13__Globalization needs__14__.__15__hinder cooperation.Solution: one world with one language[听力原文]Language and HumanityGood morning, everyone. In today´s lecture, we´re going to discuss the relationship between language and humanity. As we all know, language is very powerful. It allows you to put a thought from your mind directly in someone else´s mind. Languages are like genes talking, getting things they want. And you just imagine the sense of wonder in a baby when it first discovers that, merely by uttering a sound, it can get objects to move across a room as if by magic,and maybe even into its mouth.(1)Now we need to explain how and why this remarkable trait, you know, humans´ability to do things with language, has evolved, and why did this trait evolve only in our species? In order to get an answer to the question, we have to go to tool use in the chimpanzees.(2)Chimpanzees can use tools, and we take that phenomenon as a sign of their intelligence. But if they really were intelligent, why would they crack open nuts with a rock? Why wouldn´t they just go to a shop and buy a bag of nuts that somebody else had already cracked open for them? Why not? I mean, that´s what we do.The reason the chimpanzees don´t do that is that they lack what psychologists and anthropologists call social learning.(3)That is, they seem to lack the ability to learn from others by copying or imitating or simply watching. As a result, they can´t improve on others´ideas, learn from others´mistakes, or even benefit from others´wisdom.(4)And so they just do the same thing over and over and over again. In fact, we could go away for a million years and come back and these chimpanzees would be doing the same thing with the same rocks to crack open the nuts.Okay, so what this tells us is that, contrary to the old saying "monkey see, monkey do," the surprise really is that all of the other animals really cannot do that—at least not very much. But by comparison, we humans can learn. We can learn by watching other people and copying or imitating what they can do. We can then choose, from among a range of options available, the best one.(5)We can benefit from others´ideas. We can build on their wisdom.(6)And as a result, our ideas do accumulate, and our technology progresses. And this cumulative cultural adaptation, as anthropologists call this accumulation of ideas, is responsible for everything around you in your bustling and teeming everyday life. I mean the world has changed out of all proportion to what we would recognize even 1,000 or 2,000 years ago. And all of this is because of cumulative cultural adaptation. For instance, the chairs you´re sitting in today, the lights in this lecture hall, my microphone, the iPads and the smart phones that you carry around with you—all are a result of cumulative cultural adaptation.(7)But, our acquisition of social learning would create an evolutionary dilemma, and the solution to the dilemma, it´s fair to say, would determine not only the future course of our psychology, but the future course of the entire world. And most importantly for this, it´ll tell us why we have language.And the reason that dilemma arose is, it turns out, that social learning is visual theft.(8)What I mean is, if I can learn by watching you, I can steal your best ideas, and I can benefit from your efforts, without having to put in the same time and energy that you did into developing them. Social learning really is visual theft. And in any species that acquired it, it would encourage you to hide your best ideas, lest somebody steal them from you.And so some time around 200,000 years ago, our species confronted this crisis.(9)And we chose to develop the systems of communication that would allow us to share ideas and to cooperate amongst others.(10)Choosing this option would mean that a vastly greater fund of knowledge and wisdom would become available to any one individual than would ever arise from within an individual family or an individual person on their own. Well, language is the result.Language evolved to solve the crisis of visual theft.(11)Language is a piece of social technology for enhancing the benefits of cooperation—for reaching agreements, for striking deals and for coordinating our activities. And you can see that, in a developing society that was。

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TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018）-GRADE EIGHT—TIME LIMIIT:150 MINPART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION ［25 MIN］SECTION A MINI—LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini—lecture。

You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to mini—lecture， please complete the gap—filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking。

You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task。

Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work。

QUESTION BOOKLET 试卷用后随即销毁。

严禁保留、出版或复印。

TEST FOR ENGLISH MAJORS (2018)-GRADE EIGHT-TIME LIMIIT：150 MIN PART I LISTENING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN]SECTION A MINI-LECTUREIn this section you will hear a mini-lecture. You will hear the lecture ONCE ONLY. While listening to mini-lecture, please complete the gap-filling task on ANSWER SHEET ONE and write NO MORE THAN THREE WORDS for each gap. Make sure you fill in is both grammatically and semantically acceptable. You may use the blank sheet for note-taking.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the gap-filling task.Now listen to the mini-lecture. When it is over, you will be given THREE minutes to check your work.SECTION B INTERVIEWI n this section you will hear ONE interview. The interview will be divided into TWO parts. At the end of each part, five questions will be asked about what was said. Both the interview and the questions will be spoken ONCE ONLY. After each question there will be a ten-second pause. During the pause, you should read the four choices of A), B), C) and D), and mark the best answer to each question on ANSWER SHEET TWO.You have THIRTY seconds to preview the choices.Now, listen to the first interview. Questions 1 to 5 are based on Part One of the interview.Now listen to the interview.1. A. Announcement of results.B. Lack of a time schedule.C. Slowness in ballots counting.D. Direction of the electoral events.2. A. Other voices within Afghanistan wanted so.B. The date had been set previously.C. All the ballots had been counted.D. The UN advised them to do so.3. A. To calm the voters.B. To speed up the process.C. To stick to the election rules.D. To stop complaints from the labor.4. A. Unacceptable.B. Unreasonable.C. Insensible.D. Ill considered.5. A. Supportive.B. Ambivalent.C. Opposed.D. Neutral.Now listening to Part Two of the interview. Questions 6 to 10 are based on Part Two of the interview.6. A. Ensure the government includes all parties.B. Discuss who is going to be the winner.C. Supervise the counting of votes.D. Seek support from important sectors.7. A. 36%-24%.B. 46%-34%.C. 56%-44%.D. 66%-54%.8. A. Both candidates.B. Electoral institutions.C. The United Nations.D. Not specified.9. A. It was unheard of.B. It was on a small scale.C. It was insignificant.D. It occurred elsewhere.10.A. Problems in the electoral process.B. Formation of a new government.C. Premature announcement of results.D. Democracy in Afghanistan.PART ⅡREADING COMPREHENSION [25 MIN] SECTION A MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONSIn this section there are three passages followed by fourteen multiple choice questions. For each multiple choice question, there are four suggested answers marked A, B, C and D. Choose the one that you think is the best answer and mark your answer on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE(1) “Britain’s best export,” I was told by the Department of Immigration in Canberra, “is people.” Close on 100,000 people have applied for assisted passages in the first five months of the year, and half of these are eventually expected to migrate to Australia.(2) The Australian are delighted. They are keenly ware that without a strong flow of immigrants into the workforce the development of the Australian economy is unlikely to proceed at the ambitious pace currently envisaged. The new mineral discoveries promise a splendid future, and the injection of huge amounts of American and British capital should help to ensure that they are properly exploited, but with unemployment in Australia down to less than 1.3 per cent, the government is understandably anxious to attract more skilled labor.(3) Australia is roughly the same size as the continental United States, but has only twelve million inhabitants. Migration has accounted for half the population increase in the last four years, and has contributed greatly to the country’s impressive economic development. Britain has always been the principal source – ninety per cent of Australians are of British descent, and Britain has provided one million migrants since the Second World War.(4) Australia has also given great attention to recruiting people elsewhere. Australians decided they had an excellent potential source of applicants among the so-called “guest workers” who have crossed their own frontiers to work in other arts of Europe. There were estimated to be more than four million of them, and a large number were offered subsidized passages and guaranteed jobs in Australia. Italy has for some years been the second biggest source of migrants, and the Australians have also managed to attract a large number of Greeks and Germans.(5) One drawback with them, so far as the Australians are concerned, is that integration tends to be more difficult. Unlike the British, continental migrants have to struggle with an unfamiliar language and new customs. Many naturally gravitate towards the Italian or Greek communities which have grown up in cities such as Sydney and Melbourne. These colonies have their own newspapers, their own shops, and their own clubs. Their habitants are not Australians, but Europeans.(6) The government’s avowed aim, however, is to maintain “a substantially homogeneous society into which newcomers, from whatever sources, will merge themselves”. By and large, therefore, Australia still prefers British migrants, and tends to be rather less selective in their case than it is with others.(7) A far bigger cause of concerns than the growth of national groups, however, is the increasing number of migrants who return to their countries of origin. One reason is that people nowadays tend to be more mobile, and that it is easier than in the past to save the return fare, but economic conditions also have something to do with it. A slower rate of growth invariably produces discontent – and if this coincides with greater prosperity in Europe, a lot of people tend to feel that perhaps they were wrong to come here after all.(8) Several surveys have been conducted recently into the reasons why people go home. One noted that “flies, dirt, and outside lavatories” were on the list of complaints from British immigrants, and added that many people also complained about “the crudity, bad manners, and unfriendliness of the Australians”. Another survey gave climate conditions, homesickness, and “the stark appearance of the Australian countryside” as the main reasons for leaving.(9) Most British migrants miss council housing the National Health scheme, and their relatives and former neighbor. Loneliness is a big factor, especially among housewives. The men soon make new friends at work, but wives tend to find it much harder to get used to a different way of life. Many are housebound because of inadequate public transport in most outlying suburbs, and regular correspondence with their old friends at home only serves to increase their discontent. One housewife was quoted recently as saying: “I even find I miss the people I used to hate at home.”(10) Rent are high, and there are long waiting lists for Housing Commission homes. Sickness can be an expensive business and the climate can be unexpectedly rough. The gap between Australian and British wage packets is no longer big, and people are generally expected to work harder here than they do at home. Professional men over forty often have difficulty in finding a decent job. Above all, perhaps, skilled immigrants often finds a considerable reluctance to accept their qualifications.(11) According to the journal Australian Manufacturer, the attitude of many employers and fellow workers is anything but friendly. “We Australians,” it stated in a recent issue, “are just too fond of painting the rosy picture of the big, warm-hearted Aussie. As a matter of fact, we are so busy blowing our own trumpets that we have not not time to be warm-hearted and considerate. Go down “heart-break alley” among some of the migrants and find out just how expansive the Aussie is to his immigrants.”11.The Australians want a strong flow of immigrants because .A.Immigrants speed up economic expansionB.unemployment is down to a low figureC.immigrants attract foreign capitalD.Australia is as large as the United States12.Australia prefers immigrants from Britain because .A.they are selected carefully before entryB.they are likely to form national groupsC.they easily merge into local communitiesD.they are fond of living in small towns13.In explaining why some migrants return to Europe the author .A.stresses their economic motivesB.emphasizes the variety of their motivesC.stresses loneliness and homesicknessD.emphasizes the difficulties of men over forty14.which of the following words is used literally, not metaphorically?A.“flow” (Para. 2).B.“injection” (Para. 2).C.“gravitate” (Para. 5).D.“selective” (Para. 6).15.Para. 11 pictures the Australians as .A.unsympatheticB.ungenerousC.undemonstrativeD.unreliablePASSAGE TWO(1) Some of the advantages of bilingualism include better performance at tasks involving “executive function” (which involves the brain’s ability to plan and prioritize), better defense against dementia in old age and—the obvious—the ability to speak a second language. One purported advantage was not mentioned, though. Many multilinguals report different personalities, or even different worldviews, when they speak their different languages.(2) It’s an exciting notion, the idea that one’s very self could be broadened by the mastery of two or more languages. In obvious ways (exposure to new friends, literature and so forth) the self really is broadened. Yet it is different to claim—as many people do—to have a different personality when using a different language. A former Economist colleague, for example, reported being ruder in Hebrew than in English. So what is going on here?(3) Benjamin Lee Whorf, an American linguist who died in 1941, held that each language encodes a worldview that significantly influences its speakers. Often called “Whorfianism”,this idea has its sceptics, but there are still good reasons to believe language shapes thought.(4) This influence is not necessarily linked to the vocabulary or grammar of a second language. Significantly, most people are not symmetrically bilingual. Many have learned one language at home from parents, and another later in life, usually at school. So bilinguals usually have different strengths and weaknesses in their different languages—and they are not always best in their first language. For example, when tested in a foreign language, people are less likely to fall into a cognitive trap (answering a test question with an obvious-seeming but wrong answer) than when tested in their native language. In part this is because working in a second language slows down the thinking. No wonder people feel different when speaking them. And no wonder they feel looser, more spontaneous, perhaps more assertive or funnier or blunter, in the language they were reared in from childhood.(5) What of “crib” bilinguals, raised in two languages? Even they do not usually have perfectly symmetrical competence in their two languages. But even for a speaker whose two languages are very nearly the same in ability, there is another big reason that person will feel different in the two languages. This is because there is an important distinction between bilingualism and biculturalism.(6) Many bilinguals are not bicultural. But some are. And of those bicultural bilinguals, we should be little surprised that they feel different in their two languages. Experiments in psychology have shown the power of “priming”—small unnoticed factors that can affect behavior in big ways. Asking people to tell a happy story, for example, will put them in a better mood. The choice between two languages is a huge prime. Speaking Spanish rather than English, for a bilingual and bicultural Puerto Rican in New York, might conjure feelings of family and home. Switching to English might prime the same person to think of school and work.(7) So there are two very good reasons (asymmetrical ability, and priming) that make people feel different speaking their different languages. We are still left with a third kind of argument, though. An economist recently interviewed here at Prospero, Athanasia Chalari, said for example that:Greeks are very loud and they interrupt each other very often. The reason for that is the Greek grammar and syntax. When Greeks talk they begin their sentences with verbs and the form of the verb includes a lot of information so you already know what they are talking about after the first word and can interrupt more easily.(8) Is there something intrinsic to the Greek language that encourages Greeks to interrupt? People seem to enjoy telling tales about their languages' inherent properties, and how they influence their speakers. A group of French intellectual worthies once proposed, rather self-flatteringly, that French be the sole legal language of the EU, because of its supposedly unmatchable rigor and precision. Some Germans believe that frequently putting the verb at the end of a sentence makes the language especially logical. But language myths are not always self-flattering: many speakers think their languages are unusually illogical or difficult—witness the plethora of books along the lines of "Only in English do you park on a driveway and drive on a parkway; English must be the craziest language in the world!" We also see some unsurprising overlap with national stereotypes and self-stereotypes: French, rigorous; German, logical; English, playful. Of course.(9) In this case, Ms Chalari, a scholar, at least proposed a specific and plausible line ofcausation from grammar to personality: in Greek, the verb comes first, and it carries a lot of information, hence easy interrupting. The problem is that many unrelated languages all around the world put the verb at the beginning of sentences. Many languages all around the world are heavily inflected, encoding lots of information in verbs. It would be a striking finding if all of these unrelated languages had speakers more prone to interrupting each other. Welsh, for example, is also both verb-first and about as heavily inflected as Greek, but the Welsh are not known as pushy conversationalists.16. According to the author, which of the following advantages of bilingualism is commonly accepted?A. Personality improvement.B. Better task performance.C. Change of worldviews.D. Avoidance of old-age disease.17. According to the passage, that language influences thought may be related to .A. the vocabulary of a second languageB. the grammar of a second languageC. the improved test performance in a second languageD. the slowdown of thinking in a second language18. What is the author’s response to the question at the beginning of Para. 8?A. It’s just one of the popular tales of national stereotypes.B. Some properties inherent can make a language logical.C. German and French are good examples of Whorfianism.D. There is adequate evidence to support a positive answer.19. Which of the following statements concerning Para. 9 is correct?A. Ms. Chalari’s theory about the Greek language is well grounded.B. Speakers of many other languages are also prone to interrupting.C. Grammar is unnecessarily a condition for change in personality.D. Many unrelated languages don’t have the same features as Greek.20. In discussing the issue, the author’s attitude is .A. satiricalB. objectiveC. criticalD. ambivalentPASSAGE THREE(1) Once across the river and into the wholesale district, she glanced about her for some likely door at which to apply. As she contemplated the wide windows and imposing signs, she became conscious of being gazed upon and understood for what she was-a wage-seeker. She had never done this thing before, and lacked courage. To avoid a certain indefinable shame shefelt at being caught spying about for a position, she quickened her steps and assumed an air of indifference supposedly common to one upon an errand. In this way she passed many manufacturing and wholesale houses without once glancing in. At last, after several blocks of walking, she felt that this would not do, and began to look about again, though without relaxing her pace. A little way on she saw a great door which, for some reason, attracted her attention. It was ornamented by a small brass sign, and seemed to be the entrance to a vast hive of six or seven floors. "Perhaps," she thought, "they may want some one," and crossed over to enter. When she came within a score of feet of the desired goal, she saw through the window a young man in a grey checked suit. That he had anything to do with the concern, she could not tell, but because he happened to be looking in her direction her weakening heart misgave her and she hurried by, too overcome with shame to enter. Over the way stood a great six-story structure, labelled Storm and King, which she viewed with rising hope. It was a wholesale dry goods concern and employed women. She could see them moving about now and then upon the upper floors. This place she decided to enter, no matter what. She crossed over and walked directly toward the entrance. As she did so, two men came out and paused in the door. A telegraph messenger in blue dashed past her and up the few steps that led to the entrance and disappeared. Several pedestrians out of the hurrying throng which filled the sidewalks passed about her as she paused, hesitating. She looked helplessly around, and then, seeing herself observed, retreated. It was too difficult a task. She could not go past them.(2) So severe a defeat told sadly upon her nerves. Her feet carried her mechanically forward, every foot of her progress being a satisfactory portion of a flight which she gladly made. Block after block passed by. Upon streetlamps at the various corners she read names such as Madison, Monroe, La Salle, Clark, Dearborn, State, and still she went, her feet beginning to tire upon the broad stone flagging. She was pleased in part that the streets were bright and clean. The morning sun, shining down with steadily increasing warmth, made the shady side of the streets pleasantly cool. She looked at the blue sky overhead with more realization of its charm than had ever come to her before.(3) Her cowardice began to trouble her in a way. She turned back, resolving to hunt up Storm and King and enter. On the way, she encountered a great wholesale shoe company, through the broad plate windows of which she saw an enclosed executive department, hidden by frosted glass. Without this enclosure, but just within the street entrance, sat a grey-haired gentleman at a small table, with a large open ledger before him. She walked by this institution several times hesitating, but, finding herself unobserved, faltered past the screen door and stood humble waiting.(4) "Well, young lady," observed the old gentleman, looking at her somewhat kindly, "what is it you wish?"(5) "I am, that is, do you--I mean, do you need any help?" she stammered.(6) "Not just at present," he answered smiling. "Not just at present. Come in some time next week. Occasionally we need some one."(7) She received the answer in silence and backed awkwardly out. The pleasant nature of her reception rather astonished her. She had expected that it would be more difficult, that something cold and harsh would be said--she knew not what. That she had not been put to shame and made to feel her unfortunate position, seemed remarkable. She did not realize that it was just this which made her experience easy, but the result was the same. She felt greatly relieved.(8) Somewhat encouraged, she ventured into another large structure. It was a clothing company, and more people were in evidence.(9) An office boy approached her.(10) "Who is it you wish to see?" he asked.(11) "I want to see the manager," she returned.(12) He ran away and spoke to one of a group of three men who were conferring together. One of these came towards her.(13) "Well?" he said coldly. The greeting drove all courage from her at once.(14) "Do you need any help?" she stammered.(15) "No," he replied abruptly, and turned upon his heel.(16) She went foolishly out, the office boy deferentially swinging the door for her, and gladly sank into the obscuring crowd. It was a severe setback to her recently pleased mental state.21. She quickened her steps because she .A. was afraid of being seen as a strangerB. was in a hurry to leave the districtC. wanted to look like someone working thereD. wanted to apply at more factories that day22. Why didn’t she enter Storm and King the first time?A. She was too timid to enter the buildingB. Two men stopped her at the entranceC. Several pedestrians had found her strangeD. The messenger had closed the door behind him23. What does “every foot of her progress being a satisfactory portion of a flight which she gladly made” mean according to the context (Para.2)?A. She thought she was making progress in job search.B. She was glad that she was looking for a job.C. She found her experience satisfactory.D. She just wanted to leave the place.24. Why did she feel greatly relieved (Para.7)?A. She eventually managed to enter the building.B. She was kindly received by the clerk.C. She had the courage to make an inquiry.D. She was promised a work position.SECTION B SHORT ANSWER QUESTIONSIn this section there are eight short answer questions based on the passages in SECTION A. Answer each question in NO MORE THAN TEN WORDS in the space provided on ANSWER SHEET TWO.PASSAGE ONE25. What do “promise” and “should” in Para. 2 imply about author’s vision of Australia’seconomy？26. Explain the meaning of “the growth of national groups” according to the context (Para. 7). PASSAGE TWO27. Explain the meaning of “The choice between two languages is a huge prime.” according tothe context (Para. 6)28. What reasons does the author give to explain why people feel different when speaking different languages？29. What does the author focus on in the passage?PASSAGE THREE30. Select and write down at least THREE words or phrases in Para. 1 describing the girl’s inner feelings while walking in the streets looking for a job.31. Explain the meaning of “So severe a defeat told sadly upon her nerves.” according to the context (Para. 2).32. In “It was a severe setback to her recently pleased mental state.” (Para. 16), what does “her recently pleased mental state” refer to according to the context?PART III LANGUAGE USAGE [15 MIN] The passage contains TEN errors. Each indicated line contains a maximum of ONE error. In each case, only ONE word is involved. You should proof-read the passage and correct it in the following way:For a wrong word, underline the wrong word and write the correct one in theblank provided at the end of the line.For a missing word, mark the position of the missing word with a “∧”sign andwrite the word you believe to be missing in the blank providedat the end of the line.For an unnecessary word, cross the unnecessary word with a slash “/”and put theword in the blank provided at the end of the line.ExampleWhen∧art museum wants a new exhibit, (1) anit never buys things in finished form and hangs (2) neverthem on the wall. When a natural history museumwants an exhibition, it must often build it. (3) exhibitProofread the given passage on ANSWER SHEET THREE as instructedTranslate the underlined part of the following text from Chinese into English. Write your translation on ANSWER SHEET THREE文学书籍起码使我们的内心可以达到这样的三感：善感、敏感和美感。

As a high school student with a keen interest in English, I have always been fascinated by the challenges and opportunities that advanced English proficiency can bring. One such challenge is the Test for English MajorsBand 8 TEM8, a prestigious examination that tests the language skills of English majors in China. Although I have not yet taken the TEM8, I have been closely following the trends and patterns of the exam, especially the essay section, which is a significant part of the test.The 2018 TEM8 essay topic was The Impact of Social Media on Interpersonal Relationships. This was a thoughtprovoking subject that resonated with me, as I have observed the profound effects of social media on how people communicate and interact with each other.In my essay, I would start by acknowledging the undeniable benefits of social media. It has revolutionized the way we connect with friends and family, regardless of geographical barriers. Social platforms like Facebook, Instagram, and WeChat have made it incredibly easy to share updates, photos, and messages with our loved ones. This has been particularly beneficial for those who live far away from their families or have friends in different countries.However, I would also argue that social media has had a significant impact on the quality of our interpersonal relationships. While it has made communication more convenient, it has also led to a decrease in facetoface interactions. People are more likely to send a quick text or post a comment on social media rather than having a deep, meaningful conversation. This can result in relationships that are more superficial andless emotionally fulfilling.Moreover, social media can create a false sense of intimacy. The curated images and updates we see on our feeds often present an idealized version of peoples lives, which can lead to feelings of inadequacy and jealousy. This can strain relationships and create unnecessary tension between friends and family members.In addition, the anonymity that social media provides can sometimes lead to negative behaviors, such as cyberbullying and trolling. These actions can have severe consequences on individuals mental health and wellbeing, further damaging interpersonal relationships.To support my arguments, I would provide examples of how social media has affected relationships in real life. For instance, I would mention studies that have shown a correlation between excessive social media use and increased feelings of loneliness and depression. I would also discuss cases where social media has been used as a platform for harassment and bullying, leading to the breakdown of relationships.In conclusion, while social media has undoubtedly made communication more accessible, it has also introduced new challenges to maintaining healthy interpersonal relationships. It is essential for individuals to find a balance between online and offline interactions and to be mindful of the potential negative effects of social media on their relationships.In writing this essay, I would aim to present a balanced view of the topic,acknowledging both the positive and negative aspects of social media on interpersonal relationships. I would use clear and concise language, providing relevant examples and evidence to support my arguments. Ultimately, I would hope to inspire readers to reflect on their own social media habits and consider how they can foster more meaningful connections with others, both online and offline.。

2018年专八试卷核对试卷一PAR I t\ JKA\SI.AUON ■au "*™2018TEM8作文：追求完美好还是不好ps :作文为材料作文，两则材料，材料主题为“追求完美好还是不好”1. formal innovation2. rapport3. atte nding sect ion4. writing long papers5. high nu mbers6. being filmed7. comparable questions _| 8. a n atural order 9. figure out 10. se nsitive 11. repeat ing 12.i ntegrate into 13.lo gical or n atural 14. edit ing15. fu ndame ntal eleme nts听力：1. The in itial letters of an easy-to-remember phrase2. [A] he's made up his mind to cha nge some of his passwords.3. in truders are patie nt eno ugh to compute.4. [D] The US takes up the leadi ng edge of tech no logy.5. [A] Why not to write dow n passwords on no tebooks6. [D] the developme nt of gen etic tests is out of people's expectati on.7.[C] misgivi ng.8.[A] improve self-discipline of the industry.H 以込再：'呀「我字和 L 悄「i.活牛如思 2时*眾便广对以达出j■ sj ； diI 110 4-L-i 心，.止■ .A®II冲的尺 t-j b-jp买屮汝卉完英的唆悄.但在书吧仃 如IIt M J LHNMX请彳•滴补我们规实加涵川所存住 的不rnirtvkitc fht* itmiiTbtwil part t/f rhe fa/lftwittg ic.rf frrttn 「hhw 怦 mt ft Enfili'ih lf hium an A V5H E ff \HEET iifRt. i. «tJJ曲阅读：11. [C] they are lack ing in skills required by certa in jobs.12. [A] was a pioneer in the welfare state of Great Britain.13. the frailties of huma n n ature.14. [D] appeara nee.15. [C] the pursuit of econo mic ben efit16. [A] was a famous tragic actor in his town.17. She was a girl of frail and weak body.18. the actresses were not available the n.19. [A] Domi nant.20. [D] was in agreeme nt with.21. [C] frow ns upo n22. [A] ben efited from the oppositi on party's bill.23. [D] Joh n McCain supports the bill due to his political sta ndpo int.24. deceitful30. Th ings have cha nged with the passage of time.31. Discouraged about not gett ing a full professorship at Hopk ins32.1 deology was propelled by an inten sely held religious doctri ne 改错:1. acclaim claim2. spread polluted3. attributed 前加been4. 去掉on5.1 ndustry in dustries10.c on siderate con siderable第一部分：大猩猩与人类语言学习关键词：Different Ian guage's'Social lear ningRepeat simplyAccumulate ideasSystem's' of com muni cati onAvailableIde ntityKno wledge protect ionIsolati on第二部分（选择题）：主题：阿富汗大选，题目（未按顺序）：1. 本期采访的主题（答案：阿富汗大选）2. 为什么要宣布阿富汗大选结果3. 被采访者是怎么认为的，态度4. 被采访者认为双方候选人应做些什么]5. 双方的支持率（答案注意听数字）6•阿富汗大选被揭露为骗局，这个骗局是由谁负责的改错:翻译：文学书籍起码使我们的内心可以达到这样的三感：善感、敏感和美感。

2018年专八试卷核对试卷一2018TEM8 作文：追求完美好还是不好ps：作文为材料作文,两则材料,材料主题为"追求完美好还是不好"！1.formal innovation2.rapport3.attending section4.writing long papers5.high numbers6.being filmed7parable questions8.a natural order9.figure out10.sensitive11.repeating12.integrate into13.logical or natural14.editing15.fundamental elements听力：1.The initial letters of an easy-to-remember phrase2.[A] he's made up his mind to change some of his passwords.3. intruders are patient enough to compute.4.[D] The US takes up the leading edge of technology.5.[A] Why not to write down passwords on notebooks6.[D] the development of genetic tests is out of people's expectation.7.[C] misgiving.8.[A] improve self-discipline of the industry.9.[D] Alienated.10. strengthen its supervision within limits.阅读：11.[C] they are lacking in skills required by certain jobs.12.[A] was a pioneer in the welfare state of Great Britain.13. the frailties of human nature.14.[D] appearance.15.[C] the pursuit of economic benefit16.[A] was a famous tragic actor in his town.17. She was a girl of frail and weak body.18. the actresses were not available then.19.[A] Dominant.20.[D] was in agreement with.21.[C] frowns upon22.[A] benefited from the opposition party's bill.23.[D] John McCain supports the bill due to his political standpoint.24. deceitful阅读回答问题：25.Proposals should be directed to the journal office.26.The analogy rests on the market economy。