高中英语选修6unit3语法

It is/was
方式状语
that
sb. do sth.
It was in this way that he did the experiments.他正是通过这种方式做实验的。
注意：（1）被强调的主语是第一人称I时，剩余部分的谓语动词要在人称和数上与I保持一致。
（2）并不是所有it开头的句子都是强调句，有的是定语从句结构。
It is/was
表语（become的表语）
that
sb. do
It is a pilot that he wishes most to become.他最希望的是成为一名飞行员。
It is/was
时间状语
that
sb. do sth.
It was last night that Ann Peters’ husband rushed her to a nearby hospital.就是在昨晚，安妮·彼德的丈夫立即送她去附近医院。
语法解读
强调句as
主语
that/who
do sth.
It was Ann Peters’ husband that (who) rushed her to a nearby hospital last night.昨晚，正是安妮·彼德的丈夫，立即送她去了附近医院。
（3）判断是否是强调结构的方法：把It is/was…that…删除后，所剩的部分仍然能够是一个完整的句子，则说明这是一个强调结构。否则，可能是形式主语。
It is/was
地点状语
that
sb. do sth.
It was in the shop which was opened last month that he bought the book.就是在上个月开业的那个商店里，他买的那本书。

姓名，年级：时间：it的用法(Ⅰ）语境自主领悟先观察原句后自主感悟1．It is a beautiful day here andI am sitting under the big treeat the end of the garden．2．Your mother tells me that youstarted smoking some time agoand now you are finding itdifficult to give it up．3．Believe me，I know how easyit is to begin smoking and howtough it is to stop．1．例句1中的it作非人称代词，此处指代时间。

2．例句2中的第一个it作形式宾语，真正的宾语为后面的不定式短语to give it up；第二个it作人称代词,代替前文提到的名词smoking。

3．例句3中的第一个it作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to begin smoking；第二个it也作形式主语，真正的主语为后面的不定式短语to stop。

一、用作代词1．it作非人称代词常用于指代时间、距离、自然现象、量度、价值等.It is time to get up．（指时间)到起床的时间了。

It is going to snow．(指天气）(天)要下雪了。

It is a long way from my school to the hospital．（指距离)从我的学校到医院(距离)很远.2．it用作人称代词代替前文提到的事物或动物、指婴儿（尤指性别不明者),未指明但谈话双方都明白的事情或情况。

Her baby’s due next month．She hopes it will be a boy．（代替前文提到的Her baby）她的孩子该下个月出生.她希望会是个男孩。

[即时演练1]用适当的代词填空①The Parkers bought a new apartment but it will need a lot of work before they can move in．②It was nearly midnight when she came back．二、用作形式主语it充当形式主语，本身无意义，其真正的主语通常是不定式、动名词或主语从句。

举例： He could not come on account of his illness．他因病不能前来。
高中英语选修六unit3单词和语法知识讲解
重点词汇内容回顾复习
tough
1）The wire 金属丝is tougher than that. (坚韧的，不易磨损的） 2）You need to be tough enough to survive 生存in the jungle. （坚忍不拔的，吃苦耐劳的） 3） a tough criminal罪犯（粗暴的，凶暴的） 4）tough measures to deal with terrorism恐怖主义（强硬的，严 厉的） 5）a tough assignment 任务/ problem / choice（棘手的，困难的） 6）a tough steak牛排（硬的，老的）
强调谓语以外的成分可使用： It is/was ……that…… It was when I was doing my homework that I saw him sleeping. It was I that/who saw him sleeping in class.
高中英语选修六unit3单词和语法知识讲解
词性转换(n.)： addict n. 吸毒成瘾的人 addiction n. 沉湎、成瘾 addictive adj. 使人上瘾的
用法： addict oneself to sth. 沉溺于某物 be addicted to sth. 专心做某事;上了…..的瘾 be addicted to doing sth.
高中英语选修六unit3单词和语法知识讲解
重点词汇内容回顾复习
addicted adj. “对某某上瘾”, “沉湎于某某”

His great success ________ his hard training every day. A．contributed to B．thanks to C．resulted in D．was due to 解析：选 D。 考查短语辨析。句意：他的巨大成功归因于他每 天的艰苦训练。be due to“是由于”。contribute to 和result in后加结果而不是原因。thanks to 是介词短语，不能用作谓语。
③ I’m not accustomed to getting up so early.
我不习惯这么早起床。
—They are quiet，aren’t they?
—Yes. They are accustomed ________at meals. A．to talk C．to talking 答案： D 解 析 ： 本 题 考 查 固 定 搭 配 。 be accustomed to“习惯于”为固定短语。其中的to为介词，后接名词， 相当于名词的词或短语，动名词。 句意为：——他们很安静，不是吗？——是的， 他们习惯于在吃饭的时候不说话。 B．to not talk D．to not talking
7. quit vt. 停止(做某事)；离开。
quit doing sth.放弃做某事；停止干某事 quit office离职 quit school退学
他已经戒烟了。 He has quit smoking. He quitted Paris after a week. 他一周后离开了巴黎。
Doctors are doing research to find out what happens physically when people ________ smoking. A．quit B．decline C．depart D．reserve

强调句基本结构：
It is/was + 被强调部分 + that/who + 句子的其他部分 如果强调的是人，可以用who代that。
Prof. Lin teaches us French.
It is French that Prof. Lin teaches us. It is Pro. Lin who/that teaches us French.
特殊句型：
It be + 时间 + before …
这个句型和上面句型中时间都是时间段，如long、 years、months、weeks、five days、three hours、 twenty minutes等。不过主句的时态多用一般将来时 或一般过去时。
It will be several years before we meet again.
It is up to sb. to do sth … 应由某人做某事。
It is up to you to decide whether we start or not.
2) 动名词
用no good，no use，great fun，a new experience等名词作表语； ______________ for him. It is fun working 为他工作很有意思。
我们要过好几年才能再见面。
It was not long before they set out for the front.
不久他们就出发去了前线。
be+时间段+before… “过多久…才”
It
be not+时间段+before… “没过多久…就”

Unit 3 A healthy life1. abuse n. & vt. 滥用；虐待 (1)abuse 用作名词表示＂滥用；虐待＂时，既是可数名词又是不可数名词。

☞I will talk about some abuses of the word. 我将谈一谈这个词被滥用的一些情况。

☞Child abuse is not allowed in our country. 在我们国家是不允许虐待孩子的。

提示：abuse 作名词还有＂辱骂＂的含义。

(2)abuse 作动词时，是及物动词，作＂滥用＂讲时，常接 authority，position，power，wealth 等作宾语。

☞He never abuses authority/position/power. 他从未滥用职权。

☞Whoever abuses pets will be punished. 无论谁虐待宠物都将受到处罚。

【归纳拓展】 alcohol/drug abuse酗酒/嗜毒 abuse alcohol/drug abuse one’s power 滥用权力 abuse one’s trust/confidence 背信弃义abusive adj. 谩骂的；虐待的 abuser n. [C] 滥用者；施虐者完成句子/单项填空 ①滥用能源会给我们的子孙后代带来可怕的未来。

________________________ will bring our offspring a terrible future. ②根据新的法律，家长也不允许在家中虐待儿童。

According to the new law, parents are also not allowed ________________________ in the family. ③He was arrested on charges of corruption and _________ of power. A.amuseB.abuse C.accuse D.adoption【答案】 ①Abusing energy/Energy abuse ②to abuse children 2. ban vt. 禁止；取缔 n. 禁令；谴责☞He was banned from driving for six months. 他被禁止驾驶六个月。

11.Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker. (P19) 这是一个主从复合句，every time在句中引导 时间状语 从句， 意为“每次”。 Every time I express an opinion, she argues back. 每当我发表意见时，她总是反驳。 I feel sick every time I see such food. 每次看到这种食物，我都会感到恶心。 any time/each time/every time+从句每次…… (the)next time+从句下次…… the first/second/third.. . time+从句 第一、二、三….次…. by the time 到---时候为止
完成句子 ①由于风雨交加，她没来。 Her absence was due to the bad weather . ②罗丝一月份就要开始上学了。 Rose is due to start school in January . ③由于天气不好，比赛取消了。 Due to the bad weather，the match was canceled.
10. desperate adj.绝望的;拼命的 He was desperate when he lost all his money. 当他丢了所有钱 时，他绝望了。 A desperate man will stop at nothing to get what he wants. 一个亡命之徒为了达到自己的目的什么事都做 得出来。 be desperate for 极想要某物 be desperate to do sth. 渴望做某事 desperation n.拼命;不顾死活;绝望 完成句子 in desperation 在绝望中 ①他急于找到一份工作。 He is desperate to get a job . ②在沙漠中，迷路的人极度渴望水。 The man lost in the desert was desperate for water . ③在绝望中他们为得到自由而奋斗。 They fought in desperation to get free.

Unit1ArtSectionⅢ—Grammar课后篇巩固提升一、根据汉语提示完成句子1.要不是因为英语考试,我上周日就可以去那场音乐会了。

the English examination,I would have gone to the concert last Sunday.2.如果明天他打电话的话,我就告诉他。

If he me tomorrow,I would let him know.3.要是我昨天陪你去就好了。

I wish that I with you yesterday.4.这肉尝起来似乎已经坏了。

This meat tastes as if it bad.5.如果过去天气好的话,现在庄稼长得就会更好了。

If the weather finer,the cropsstill better.6.她努力工作,仿佛从不知疲倦。

She hard every minute as if she nevertiredness.7.要是早点儿修一下,这辆拖拉机就不会出故障了。

,the tractor would not have broken down.8.如果他们真的能够找到一条通向房间的路,或弄清楚那堵墙后面到底是什么就好了。

If only they a way to get to the room,or whatever it was behind the wall.二、阅读理解OPENINGSANDPREVIEWSAnimalsOutofPaperYolo!Productions and the Great Griffon present the play by Rajiv Joseph,in which an origami(折纸术)artist invites a teenage talent and his teacher into her studio.Merri Milwe directs.In previews.Opens Feb.12.(West Park Presbyterian Church,165 W.86th St.212-868-4444.)TheAudienceHelen Mirren stars in the play by Peter Morgan,about Queen Elizabeth Ⅱ of the UK and her private meetings with twelve Prime Ministers in the course of sixty years.Stephen Daldry directs.Also starring Dylan Baker and Judith Ivey.Previews beginFeb.14.(Schoenfeld,236 W.45th St.212-239-6200.)HamiltonLin-Manuel Miranda wrote this musical about Aleilton,in which the birth of America is presented as an immigrant story.Thomas Kail directs.In previews.Opens Feb.17.(Public,425 LafayetteSt.212-967-7555.)OntheTwentiethCenturyKristin Chenoweth and Peter Gallagher star in the musical comedy by Betty Comden and Adolph Green,about a Broadway producer who tries to win a movie star’s love during a cross-country train journey.Scott Ellis directs,for Roundabout TheatreCompany.Previews begin Feb.12.(American Airlines Theatre,227 W.42nd St.212-719-1300.)1.What is the play by Rajiv Joseph probably about?A.A type of art.B.A teenager’s stud io.C.A great teacher.D.A group of animals.RajivJoseph定位到AnimalsOutofPaper部分,根据本段中的“...inwhichanorigamiartistinvitesateenagetalentandhisteacherin toherstudio.”可知,这部戏剧是关于折纸艺术的。

1. 学习句型，理解句型的含义。

2. 正确地运用句型，并能灵活地用于作文。

3. 掌握do/ does/ did用于强调谓语动词及名词用作连词引导时间状语从句的用法。

重点：1. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.2. Every time you feel like smoking a cigarette, remind yourself that you are a non-smoker.难点：时间状语从句的引导词。

【句型学习】1. I do hope so because I want you to live as long and healthy a life as I have.我的确希望这样,因为我想让你过上和我一样长寿而健康的生活。

(1) 此句式为as＋adj.＋a/an＋单数可数名词＋as。

类似此句型的用法有：too/so/how＋adj.＋a/an＋n..We wanted him to have as full a life as possible, no different from what we want for our other two sons.我们想让他尽可能地过充实的生活,与我们对其他的两个孩子的期望没有区别。

The man hopes to live as simple a life as his grandpa.这个小伙子希望和他爷爷一样过着俭朴的生活。

I have never met so young a body with so wise a head.我从来没见过这么年轻又这么聪明的人。

This is too difficult a problem for the beginners to solve.这个问题对于初学者来说太难解决了。

Gramma r
it的用法
Hale Waihona Puke Read and analyze the following sentences. S1. What is this? It is a cellphone. S2. What is that? It is his dictionary. S3. Whose book is this? It is Mr Cheng’s. S4. Where is your English book? It is here. S5. My cat is missing, I can’t find it anywhere. Pron. it ---词性? ______ 可以用作人称代词，代指__________________ 前文提到的事物. that. 还可以替代指示代词_____ this. 或______.
他居然会这样说，真是奇怪。 he ( should ) think so It is a great pity that___________________. 他居然会这样想，真是一件憾事。
It is necessary that he be sent to Beijing right away ___________________________. 有必要立即派他去北京。

It is difficult for me to answer this question.

It is a pity that you did not take part in the party
跟踪训练2：It is+ adj. + that从句

很明显他已经知道了那个坏消息。
It is obvious that he has known the bad news.

冒险
陷入；染上(坏习惯) 处境危险；遭受危险 上气不接下气 下定决心
1．in spite of不顾；不管 [教材P20原句] In spite of all his efforts he failed. 尽管竭尽全力，他还是失败了。 ①In spite of the hot weather they still run i is a(n) 1. virus that weakens a
person’s 2. immune system. The spread of It is spread through 3. blood or the fluid HIV that the body makes during 4. sex . of HIV ★Do not share a(n) 5. needle or anything The measures else that a person has used while
＝ We went out although/though it was raining.
尽管下着雨，我们还是出去了。
2．take risks (a risk)冒险
[教材P20原句] He felt he had to make up his mind on
every step instead of taking risks. 他感到每一步都要下定决心而不是冒险。 ①She’s too sensible to take a risk when she’s driving. 她开车时很有判断力而不致冒险。
仔细观察下列句子，写出awkward的含义
①She liked dancing but felt awkward if someone was watching her. 局促不安的

Book6 Unit3 A healthy lifeit 用法训练题1.The Parkers bought a new house but _ _will need a lot of work before they can move in.2.Since the medicine is of little use, ______ s eems to be no point in taking it again.3.It’s the second time that you __ ____ (arrive)late this week.4.It is almost five years ___ we saw each other last time.5.The information on the Internet gets around much more rapidly than ____in the newspaper.6.The English spoken in the United States is only slightly d ifferent from______ spoken in England.7.The English spoken in the United States is only slightly different from people speak in England.8.When ____ comes to saving energy, big changes start with small steps, like turning off the l ights.9 ---- Who knock at the d oor?---I’ve no idea. I just pretended nobody was at home, so I didn’t ask who ____ was.10.W e should never forget the severe snow storm in early 2008 and the sufferings_____ caused to the southern Chinese people．11.I like ___ _ in the autumn when the weather is clear and bright.12.It was with great joy ___ he received the news that his lost daughter had been found.13.If I can help ____ , I don’t like working late into the night.14.It is the ability to do the job ____ m atters not where you come from or what you are.15.It is no use ___ ___ (argue) with Bill because he will never change his mind.16 ____ felt funny watching myself on TV.17.I think it a great honour ___ (invite) to visit your country.18.--I can’t find Mr. Smith.Where did you meet him this morning? --It was in the hotel __ he stayed.19.---What was the party like?---Wonderful. It is seven years ___ I enjoyed myself so much. 20.disappeared as time went on that he was afraid of climbing high mountains.21._ exists a certain doubt among the students as to the necessity of the work.22._ _ has been announced, we shall have our final exams next month.23.W e live in a world in which only the strongest can make ___ to the top.24._ _was in 1979_ _I graduated from the u niversity.25.M r. Smith finally made out his plan, ___ _ made us feel quite disappointed.26.--- It’s a long time ___ I saw you last. --- Y es, and it will be a long time ___ _ we meet again. 27.is a fact that English is being accepted as an international language.28.So difficult did I find _____to work out the problem that I decided to ask my partner for help.29.I prefer a flat in Inverness to ___ in Perth, because I want to live near my Mom’s.30.It was evening _____ we reached the little town of W inchester.31.Do you expect to be any possibility that he will be elected chairman?32.It was in the lab ___ was taken charge of by Professor Harris ___ they did the experiment.33.I like this house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy___ .34.I like a house with a beautiful garden in front, but I don’t have enough money to buy___ .35.surprises me most is __ ____ we are allowed to stay in Paris for ten years.36 ____ doesn’t seem to have been any difficulty over the money q uestion.37. ---There is still a copy of the book in the library. Will you go and borrow_ ___ ?---No. I’d rather buy ___ in the bookstore.38 ---- T here is only 15 minutes left for work．What shall we do?---My God! There are always not any taxis when you want ___ ___ ．39.I’d appreciate__ _______ if you would like to teach me how to use the computer.40.It is the ability to do the job _____ matters not where you come from or what you are.41 ①It is no good ____ (do)such a thing.②It’s of no importance ___ (do)such a thing.42. ①It's time that we ___ (go)to school.②It is the second time that we __ (be)to Beijing.43 ①It's tomorrow he is going to Beijing.②It was 8 o'clock __ he went to school.44.①It is 3 years _____ he joined the army.②It will be 3 years ____ we meet again.45.① ____ d oesn’t matter much whether he’ll come to the party.②I feel ____ an honour to be invited to speak here.46.①Was it the house _____ A braham Lincoln was born?②Was it in the house _____ A braham Lincoln was born?47.①It’s very kind _____ y ou to help us.②It’s very important __ you to keep the balance of nature.二、翻译句子1.整天玩计算机游戏是浪费时间。

选修6 Unit 3 A heal thy life●重点单词1．abuse n. & vt.滥用；虐待2．stress n．压力；重音vt.加压力于；使紧张→stressful adj.产生压力的；紧张的→stressed adj.焦虑不安的3．adolescent n．青少年adj.青春期的→adolescence n．青春期4．ban vt.禁止；取缔n．禁令；谴责5．due adj.欠款的；预定的；到期的6．addicted adj.入了迷的；上了瘾的→addict n．有瘾的人→addiction n．沉溺；嗜好7．accustom vt.使习惯于→accustomed adj.惯常的；习惯了的8．automatic adj.无意识的；自动的→_automatically adv.无意识地；自动地9．mental adj.精神的；智力的→mentally adv.精神上；智力上10．quit vt.停止(做某事)；离开11．effect n．结果；效力12．strengthen vt.加强；巩固；使坚强vi.变强→strength n．力气→strong adj.强壮的13．desperate adj.绝望的；拼命的14．disappointed adj.失望的；沮丧的→disappointing adj.令人失望的→disappoint vt.使失望；使扫兴→disappointment n．失望15．ashamed adj.感到惭愧或羞耻的→shame n．羞愧→shameful adj.可耻的→shameless adj.无耻的，厚颜的16．judgement n．看法；判决；判断→judge v．判断17．embarrassed adj.尴尬的；陷入困境的→embarrass v．(使)尴尬→embarrassment尴尬18．awkward adj.局促不定的；笨拙的●重点短语1．due to由于……2．addicted to 对……有瘾3．accustomed to 习惯于……4．decide on 对……作出决定5．feel like(doing) 想要(做)……6．in spite of 不顾；不管7．take risks(a risk) 冒险8．get into 陷入；染上(坏习惯)9．at risk 处境危险；遭受危险10．have an effect on 对……有影响●重点句型1．Why do you think some adolescents start smoking? 你认为有些青少年为什么会开始吸烟？2．I knew it was time to quit smoking. 我知道该戒烟了。

英语选修6Unit3AdvicefromGrandad课文速背Unit 3 ADVICE FROM GRANDAD爷爷的忠告1.Dear James,亲爱的詹姆士:2.It is a beautiful day here and I am sitting under the bigtree at the end of the garden.今天这儿的天气很好。

现在我正坐在花园尽头的那棵大树底下呢。

3.I have just returned from a long bike ride to an old castle.我刚刚才回来，骑自行车跑了很长一段路，一直到了古城堡。

4.It seems amazing that at my age I am still fit enough tocycle 20 kilometres in an afternoon.感到惊奇吧，像我这样的年纪，身体健康而且能在一个下午骑车跑20公里。

5.It's my birthday in two weeks time and I'll be 82 yearsold!再过两个礼拜就是我82岁的生日了!6.I think my long and active life must be due to the healthylife I live.我想我之所以长寿而且精力充沛，要归功于我的健康生活。

7.This brings me to the real reason for my letter, my deargrandson.这就是我写信给你的真正原因，我亲爱的孙子。

8.Your mother tells me that you started smoking some timeago and now you are finding it difficult to give up.你妈妈告诉我，你不久前开始吸烟了，而且现在很难把它戒掉。

It seems that we have made a mistake.
= We seem to have made a mistake.
8. It vt+ 宾语+
that-clause to do sth.
It requires a lot of patience that we teach them English. It requires a lot of patience to teach them English
第三类：It is... that从句.(有4种) 4. It + be + adj. + that从句.
It is very clear that he’s round and tall like a tree.
It is certain that everything will get on well due to our hard work.
第一类：It is ...to do. (有2种)。 第二类：It is... doing. (有1种) 第三类：It is... that从句.(有5种)
it 作形式主语
第一类：It is ...to do. (有2种)。
1. It is/was +形容词+(for/of sb.)+to do sth. 用for 还是of的规则：如果形容词是描述事物的， 如difficult, easy, hard, important, dangerous等用for; 如果描述的是人物的性格、品质，如good, nice, clever等则用of.
It is said that he is a thief.
= He is said to be a thief.

In fact, to keep order in an important football match In fact, it is a hard job for the police to keep order in addicted to smoking It is easy to become addicted to smoking .spilt milk (it is no good crying over spilt milk. (覆水难收)age I am still fit it’s no use/no good doing; it’s worth doing 等It is amazing that at my age I am still fit .It It is no __ arguing with Bill because he will never change his mind. (2006,In In factin an important football match. (2001weather afternoonWord: abuse, stress, due to, tough, mental, effect, desperate, disappointed; prejudice, judgmentPh t d t ddi t d t i it f t k Phrases: accustomed to, addicted to, in spite of, take risks(a risk), at risk, get intoabuse['bju z]vt&n abuse [əbjuːz] vt. & n. 滥用Williamshishis friends.stress[stres]vt强调加压力于&nstress [stres] vt.强调，加压力于& n. 压力, 重要性be due to 由于I think my long life must be due to the healthy life. 同义：because, owing to, thanks tobe accustomed to 习惯于to make yourself or another person become used to a situation or place accustom yourself to somethingIt took a while for me to accustomrules and regulations.be accustomed to (doing) sth.be familiar with sth.become/ grow/ get ~ to sth.Her eyes quickly became accustomed todesperate, disappointedmentalbe addicted to sth.take risks(a risk) 冒险()in spite of (despite, although, though) p尽管(p 语法：it 做形式主语、宾语词汇：Unit3：A healthy life。

8. 是你无私的帮助让我有勇气面对生活的困难。
时/should +do) …
1.It is time that we
(clean)
the house.
3. It takes sb. +时间 to do sth. 花某人时间做…
It took thousands of people many years to build the Great Wall.
总结：主语+动词+it +adj./n.+(for sb.) to do/doing/that从句
I hate it you can dance so well but I can't. I would appreciate it if you lend me some money. I enjoy it when we are bathing in the sunshine. He decided on it where we would go this weekend..
4：IT用在强调句中
强调句结构：It is / was + 被强调部分（主，宾，状语） + that /who+ 剩余部分 一般疑问句：Is /was it + 被强调部分（主，宾，状语） + that/who + 剩余部分 特殊疑问句： Wh- + is / was it that + 剩余部分？ 固定强调句式：It was not until … that…（直到…才…）
it 同名同物 that 同名异物 特指= the +n.(单数) one 同名异物 泛指=a/an+n.（可） those 同名异物 特指 =the+n.(复数) ones 同名异物 泛指 （可复）